1
|
Gryaznova M, Smirnova Y, Burakova I, Morozova P, Lagutina S, Chizhkov P, Korneeva O, Syromyatnikov M. Fecal Microbiota Characteristics in Constipation-Predominant and Mixed-Type Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1414. [PMID: 39065182 PMCID: PMC11278693 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common condition that affects the lifestyle of patients. It is associated with significant changes in the composition of the gut microbiome, but the underlying microbial mechanisms remain to be fully understood. We study the fecal microbiome of patients with constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C) and mixed-type IBS (IBS-M). METHODS We sequenced the V3 region of the 16S rRNA on the Ion Torrent PGM sequencing platform to study the microbiome. RESULTS In the patients with IBS-C and IBS-M, an increase in alpha diversity was found, compared to the healthy group, and differences in beta diversity were also noted. At the phylum level, both IBS subtypes showed an increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, as well as an increase in the abundance of Actinobacteria and Verrucomicrobiota. Changes in some types of bacteria were characteristic of only one of the IBS subtypes, while no statistically significant differences in the composition of the microbiome were detected between IBS-C and IBS-M. CONCLUSIONS This study was the first to demonstrate the association of Turicibacter sanguinis, Mitsuokella jalaludinii, Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-003, Senegalimassilia anaerobia, Corynebacterium jeikeium, Bacteroides faecichinchillae, Leuconostoc carnosum, and Parabacteroides merdae with IBS subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Gryaznova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (Y.S.); (I.B.); (P.M.); (O.K.)
| | - Yuliya Smirnova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (Y.S.); (I.B.); (P.M.); (O.K.)
| | - Inna Burakova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (Y.S.); (I.B.); (P.M.); (O.K.)
| | - Polina Morozova
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (Y.S.); (I.B.); (P.M.); (O.K.)
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia;
| | - Svetlana Lagutina
- Department of Polyclinic Therapy, Voronezh State Medical University Named after N.N. Burdenko, 394036 Voronezh, Russia;
| | - Pavel Chizhkov
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia;
| | - Olga Korneeva
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (Y.S.); (I.B.); (P.M.); (O.K.)
| | - Mikhail Syromyatnikov
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, 394036 Voronezh, Russia; (M.G.); (Y.S.); (I.B.); (P.M.); (O.K.)
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ezz El Deen NM, Karem M, El Borhamy MI, Hanora AMS, Fahmy N, Zakeer S. Multivariate Analysis and Correlation Study Shows the Impact of Anthropometric and Demographic Variables on Gut Microbiota in Obese Egyptian Children. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:259. [PMID: 38972943 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03771-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Deciphering the gut microbiome's link to obesity is crucial. Our study characterized the gut microbial community in Egyptian children and investigated the effect of covariates on the gut microbiome, body mass index (BMI), geographical location, gender, and age. We used 16S rRNA sequencing to characterize the gut microbial communities of 49 children. We then evaluated these communities for diversity, potential biomarkers, and functional capacity. Alpha diversity of the non-obese group was higher than that of the obese group (Chao1, P = 0.006 and observed species, P = 0.003). Beta diversity analysis revealed significant variations in the gut microbiome between the two geographical locations, Cairo and Ismailia (unweighted UniFrac, P = 0.03) and between obesity statuses, obese and non-obese (weighted UniFrac, P = 0.034; unweighted UniFrac, P = 0.015). We observed a significantly higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in obese males than in non-obese males (P = 0.004). Interestingly, this difference was not seen in females (P = 0.77). Multivariable association with linear models (MaAsLin2) identified 8 microbial features associated with obesity, 12 associated with non-obesity, and found 29 and 13 features specific to Cairo and Ismailia patients, respectively. It has also shown one microbial feature associated with patients under five years old. MaAsLin2, however, failed to recognize any association between gender and the gut microbiome. Moreover, it could find the most predominant features in groups 2-9 but not in group 1. Another method used in the analysis is the Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) approach, which effectively identified 19 biomarkers linked to obesity, 9 linked non-obesity, 20 linked to patients residing in Cairo, 14 linked to patients in Ismailia, one linked to males, and 12 linked to females. LEfSe could not, however, detect any prevalent bacteria among children younger or older than five. Future studies should take advantage of such correlations, specifically BMI, to determine the interventions needed for obesity management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nada Mohamed Ezz El Deen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Karem
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology and Diabetes Division, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mervat Ismail El Borhamy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amro Mohamed Said Hanora
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University, Ras Sudr, Egypt.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Nora Fahmy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University-Kantara Branch, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Samira Zakeer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Manzo R, Gallardo-Becerra L, Díaz de León-Guerrero S, Villaseñor T, Cornejo-Granados F, Salazar-León J, Ochoa-Leyva A, Pedraza-Alva G, Pérez-Martínez L. Environmental Enrichment Prevents Gut Dysbiosis Progression and Enhances Glucose Metabolism in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6904. [PMID: 39000013 PMCID: PMC11241766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global health concern implicated in numerous chronic degenerative diseases, including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and neurodegenerative disorders. It is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation, gut microbiota dysbiosis, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and lipid metabolism disturbances. Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of environmental enrichment (EE) to prevent the progression of gut dysbiosis in mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic syndrome. C57BL/6 male mice with obesity and metabolic syndrome, continuously fed with an HFD, were exposed to EE. We analyzed the gut microbiota of the mice by sequencing the 16s rRNA gene at different intervals, including on day 0 and 12 and 24 weeks after EE exposure. Fasting glucose levels, glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, food intake, weight gain, lipid profile, hepatic steatosis, and inflammatory mediators were evaluated in serum, adipose tissue, and the colon. We demonstrate that EE intervention prevents the progression of HFD-induced dysbiosis, reducing taxa associated with metabolic syndrome (Tepidimicrobium, Acidaminobacteraceae, and Fusibacter) while promoting those linked to healthy physiology (Syntrophococcus sucrumutans, Dehalobacterium, Prevotella, and Butyricimonas). Furthermore, EE enhances intestinal barrier integrity, increases mucin-producing goblet cell population, and upregulates Muc2 expression in the colon. These alterations correlate with reduced systemic lipopolysaccharide levels and attenuated colon inflammation, resulting in normalized glucose metabolism, diminished adipose tissue inflammation, reduced liver steatosis, improved lipid profiles, and a significant reduction in body weight gain despite mice's continued HFD consumption. Our findings highlight EE as a promising anti-inflammatory strategy for managing obesity-related metabolic dysregulation and suggest its potential in developing probiotics targeting EE-modulated microbial taxa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rubiceli Manzo
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Luigui Gallardo-Becerra
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Sol Díaz de León-Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Tomas Villaseñor
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Fernanda Cornejo-Granados
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jonathan Salazar-León
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Adrian Ochoa-Leyva
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Pedraza-Alva
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Leonor Pérez-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología, Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Luzzi A, Briata IM, Di Napoli I, Giugliano S, Di Sabatino A, Rescigno M, Cena H. Prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics to adolescents in metabolic syndrome. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1433-1446. [PMID: 38704983 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity has globally reached alarming dimensions and many adolescents affected by obesity already present one or more obesity-related comorbidities. In recent years, emerging evidence supporting the role of gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases has been reported and the use of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics as a strategy to manipulate gut microbiota has become popular. The aim of this review is to explore the relationship between gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome in adolescents and to discuss the potential use of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics for the prevention and treatment of this clinical picture in adolescence. According to the most recent literature, prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics have no clear effect on MetS, but a possible modulation of anthropometric parameters has been observed after synbiotic supplementation. Only one study has examined the role of postbiotics in alleviating metabolic complications in children with obesity but not in adolescents. More extensive research is needed to support the conclusions drawn so far and to develop effective microbiome-based interventions that may help improving the quality of life of children and adolescents exposed to the increasing prevalence of MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Luzzi
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Post Graduate Course in Food Science and Human Nutrition, Università Statale di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of General Medicine, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Irene Maria Briata
- Post Graduate Course in Food Science and Human Nutrition, Università Statale di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy; Division of Medical Oncology, E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Di Napoli
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Silvia Giugliano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, MI, 20072, Italy.
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; First Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Maria Rescigno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, MI, 20072, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Hellas Cena
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of General Medicine, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Codazzi V, Frontino G, Galimberti L, Giustina A, Petrelli A. Mechanisms and risk factors of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. Endocrine 2024; 84:16-28. [PMID: 38133765 PMCID: PMC10987369 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03642-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disorder characterized by abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, and elevated fasting blood glucose levels. The diagnostic criteria for MetS in adults are well-established, but there is currently no consensus on the definition in children and adolescents. The etiology of MetS is believed to involve a complex interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental factors. While genetic predisposition explains only a small part of MetS pathogenesis, modifiable environmental risk factors play a significant role. Factors such as maternal weight during pregnancy, children's lifestyle, sedentariness, high-fat diet, fructose and branched-chain amino acid consumption, vitamin D deficiency, and sleep disturbances contribute to the development of MetS. Early identification and treatment of MetS in children and adolescents is crucial to prevent the development of chronic diseases later in life. In this review we discuss the latest research on factors contributing to the pathogenesis of MetS in children, focusing on non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors, including genetics, dysbiosis and chronic low-grade inflammation.
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu X, Wang S, Wu X, Zhao Z, Jian C, Li M, Qin X. Astragaloside IV Alleviates Depression in Rats by Modulating Intestinal Microbiota, T-Immune Balance, and Metabolome. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:259-273. [PMID: 38064688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the effects of Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on abnormal behaviors, intestinal microbiota, intestinal T-immune balance, and fecal metabolism of a model of depression in rats. Herein, we integrally applied 16S rRNA sequencing, molecular biological techniques, and 1H NMR-based fecal metabolomics to demonstrate the antidepression activity of AS-IV. The results suggested that AS-IV regulated the depression-like behaviors of rats, which are presented by an increase of body weight, upregulation of sucrose preference rates, and a decrease of immobility time. Additionally, AS-IV increased the abundances of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus and Oscillospira) in a model of depression in rats. Moreover, AS-IV regulated significantly the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells, and the abnormal contents of both anti-inflammatory factors and pro-inflammatory factors. Besides, fecal metabolomics showed that AS-IV improved the abnormal levels of short-chain fatty acids and amino acids. Collectively, our research supplemented new data, supporting the potential of AS-IV as an effective diet or diet composition to improve depression-like behaviors, dysfunctions of microbiota, imbalance of T immune, and the abnormality of fecal metabolome. However, the causality of the other actions was not proven because of the experimental design and the methodology used. The current findings suggest that AS-IV could function as a promising diet or diet composition to alleviate depressed symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Liu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Senyan Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ziyu Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Chen Jian
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Mengyu Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xuemei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan 030006, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gargari G, Mantegazza G, Cremon C, Taverniti V, Valenza A, Barbaro MR, Marasco G, Duncan R, Fiore W, Ferrari R, De Vitis V, Barbara G, Guglielmetti S. Collinsella aerofaciens as a predictive marker of response to probiotic treatment in non-constipated irritable bowel syndrome. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2298246. [PMID: 38178601 PMCID: PMC10773624 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2298246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are exploited for adjuvant treatment in IBS, but reliable guidance for selecting the appropriate probiotic to adopt for different forms of IBS is lacking. We aimed to identify markers for recognizing non-constipated (NC) IBS patients that may show significant clinical improvements upon treatment with the probiotic strain Lacticaseibacillus paracasei DG (LDG). To this purpose, we performed a post-hoc analysis of samples collected during a multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial in which NC-IBS patients were randomized to receive at least 24 billion CFU LDG or placebo capsules b.i.d. for 12 weeks. The primary clinical endpoint was the composite response based on improved abdominal pain and fecal type. The fecal microbiome and serum markers of intestinal (PV1 and zonulin), liver, and kidney functions were investigated. We found that responders (R) in the probiotic arm (25%) differed from non-responders (NR) based on the abundance of 18 bacterial taxa, including the families Coriobacteriaceae, Dorea spp. and Collinsella aerofaciens, which were overrepresented in R patients. These taxa also distinguished R (but not NR) patients from healthy controls. Probiotic intervention significantly reduced the abundance of these bacteria in R, but not in NR. Analogous results emerged for C. aerofaciens from the analysis of data from a previous trial on IBS with the same probiotic. Finally, C. aerofaciens was positively correlated with the plasmalemmal vesicle associated protein-1 (PV-1) and the markers of liver function. In conclusion, LDG is effective on NC-IBS patients with NC-IBS with a greater abundance of potential pathobionts. Among these, C. aerofaciens has emerged as a potential predictor of probiotic efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Gargari
- Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocesses, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Mantegazza
- Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocesses, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cesare Cremon
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Taverniti
- Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocesses, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Valenza
- Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocesses, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Raffaella Barbaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marasco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Robin Duncan
- Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocesses, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Giovanni Barbara
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Simone Guglielmetti
- Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocesses, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang Z, Yang M, Deehan EC, Cai C, Madsen KL, Wine E, Li G, Li J, Liu J, Zhang Z. Dietary fiber for the prevention of childhood obesity: a focus on the involvement of the gut microbiota. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2387796. [PMID: 39163556 PMCID: PMC11340751 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2387796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the worldwide epidemic of overweight and obesity among children, evidence-based dietary recommendations are fundamentally important for obesity prevention. Although the significance of the human gut microbiome in shaping the physiological effects of diet and obesity has been widely recognized, nutritional therapeutics for the mitigation of pediatric obesity globally are only just starting to leverage advancements in the nutritional microbiology field. In this review, we extracted data from PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CNKI, Cochrane Library and Wiley online library that focuses on the characterization of gut microbiota (including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea) in children with obesity. We further review host-microbe interactions as mechanisms mediating the physiological effects of dietary fibers and how fibers alter the gut microbiota in children with obesity. Contemporary nutritional recommendations for the prevention of pediatric obesity are also discussed from a gut microbiological perspective. Finally, we propose an experimental framework for integrating gut microbiota into nutritional interventions for children with obesity and provide recommendations for the design of future studies on precision nutrition for pediatric obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongmin Yang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Mingyue Yang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Edward C. Deehan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Nebraska Food for Health Center, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Chenxi Cai
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Karen L. Madsen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Eytan Wine
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Departments of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Guiling Li
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhengxiao Zhang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Portincasa P, Khalil M, Graziani A, Frühbeck G, Baffy G, Garruti G, Di Ciaula A, Bonfrate L. Gut microbes in metabolic disturbances. Promising role for therapeutic manipulations? Eur J Intern Med 2024; 119:13-30. [PMID: 37802720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and steatotic liver disease is rapidly increasing worldwide with a huge economic burden in terms of morbidity and mortality. Several genetic and environmental factors are involved in the onset and development of metabolic disorders and related complications. A critical role also exists for the gut microbiota, a complex polymicrobial ecology at the interface of the internal and external environment. The gut microbiota contributes to food digestion and transformation, caloric intake, and immune response of the host, keeping the homeostatic control in health. Mechanisms of disease include enhanced energy extraction from the non-digestible dietary carbohydrates, increased gut permeability and translocation of bacterial metabolites which activate a chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and insulin resistance, as precursors of tangible metabolic disorders involving glucose and lipid homeostasis. The ultimate causative role of gut microbiota in this respect remains to be elucidated, as well as the therapeutic value of manipulating the gut microbiota by diet, pre- and pro- synbiotics, or fecal microbial transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy.
| | - Mohamad Khalil
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Annarita Graziani
- Institut AllergoSan Pharmazeutische Produkte Forschungs- und Vertriebs GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Pamplona, Spain; Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gyorgy Baffy
- Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | - Gabriella Garruti
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari Medical School, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Agostino Di Ciaula
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy.
| | - Leonilde Bonfrate
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gallardo-Becerra L, Cervantes-Echeverría M, Cornejo-Granados F, Vazquez-Morado LE, Ochoa-Leyva A. Perspectives in Searching Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) Produced by the Microbiota. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 87:8. [PMID: 38036921 PMCID: PMC10689560 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02313-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the structure and function of the microbiota are associated with various human diseases. These microbial changes can be mediated by antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), small peptides produced by the host and their microbiota, which play a crucial role in host-bacteria co-evolution. Thus, by studying AMPs produced by the microbiota (microbial AMPs), we can better understand the interactions between host and bacteria in microbiome homeostasis. Additionally, microbial AMPs are a new source of compounds against pathogenic and multi-resistant bacteria. Further, the growing accessibility to metagenomic and metatranscriptomic datasets presents an opportunity to discover new microbial AMPs. This review examines the structural properties of microbiota-derived AMPs, their molecular action mechanisms, genomic organization, and strategies for their identification in any microbiome data as well as experimental testing. Overall, we provided a comprehensive overview of this important topic from the microbial perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigui Gallardo-Becerra
- Departamento de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Avenida Universidad 2001, C.P. 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Melany Cervantes-Echeverría
- Departamento de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Avenida Universidad 2001, C.P. 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Fernanda Cornejo-Granados
- Departamento de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Avenida Universidad 2001, C.P. 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Luis E Vazquez-Morado
- Departamento de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Avenida Universidad 2001, C.P. 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Adrian Ochoa-Leyva
- Departamento de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Avenida Universidad 2001, C.P. 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Song W, Yan X, Zhai Y, Ren J, Wu T, Guo H, Song Y, Li X, Guo Y. Probiotics attenuate valproate-induced liver steatosis and oxidative stress in mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294363. [PMID: 37971986 PMCID: PMC10653412 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Valproate (valproic acid, VPA), a drug for the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder, causes liver steatosis with enhanced oxidative stress. Accumulating evidences exhibite that gut microbiota plays an important role in progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, whether gut microbiota contributes to VPA-caused hepatic steatosis needs to be elucidated. A mixture of five probiotics was selected to investigate their effects on liver steatosis and oxidative stress in mice orally administered VPA for 30 days. Probiotics treatment significantly attenuated the hepatic lipid accumulation in VPA-treated mice via inhibiting the expression of cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) and distinct diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2). Meanwhile, probiotics exerted a protective effect against VPA-induced oxidative stress by decreasing the pro-oxidant cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) level and activating the Nrf2/antioxidant enzyme pathway. Moreover, VPA treatment altered the relative abundance of gut microbiota at the phylum, family and genera levels, while probiotics partially restored these changes. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that several specific genera and family were significantly correlated with liver steatosis and oxidative stress-related indicators. These results suggest that probiotics exert their health benefits in the abrogation of liver steatosis and oxidative stress in VPA-treated mice by manipulating the microbial homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Song
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinrui Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Ren
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ting Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Han Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Song
- Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation for Tropical Marine Bioresources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Protection and Utilization of Tropical Marine Fishery Resources, College of Fishery and Life Science, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, China
| | - Xiaojiao Li
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingjie Guo
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of AIDS Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lin D, Zhu Y, Tian Z, Tian Y, Liang C, Peng X, Li J, Wu X. Causal associations between gut microbiota, gut microbiota-derived metabolites, and cerebrovascular diseases: a multivariable Mendelian randomization study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1269414. [PMID: 38029236 PMCID: PMC10663354 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1269414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mounting evidence has demonstrated the associations between gut microbiota, gut microbiota-derived metabolites, and cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs). The major categories of CVD are ischemic stroke (IS), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). However, the causal relationship is still unclear. Methods A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted leveraging the summary data from genome-wide association studies. The inverse variance-weighted, maximum likelihood, weighted median, and MR.RAPS methods were performed to detect the causal relationship. Several sensitivity analyses were carried out to evaluate potential horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Finally, reverse MR analysis was conducted to examine the likelihood of reverse causality, and multivariable MR was performed to adjust the potential confounders. Results We collected 1,505 host single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked to 119 gut microbiota traits and 1,873 host SNPs associated with 81 gut metabolite traits as exposure data. Among these, three gut bacteria indicated an elevated risk of IS, two of ICH, and one of SAH. In contrast, five gut bacteria were associated with a reduced risk of IS, one with ICH, and one with SAH. Our study also demonstrated the potential causal associations between 11 gut microbiota-derived metabolites and CVD. Conclusions This study provided evidence of the causal relationship between gut microbiota, gut microbiota-derived metabolites, and CVD, thereby offering novel perspectives on gut biomarkers and targeted prevention and treatment for CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dihui Lin
- School of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Yingjie Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Zhi Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Yong Tian
- School of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Chengcai Liang
- School of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Xiaowei Peng
- School of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, China
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Jinping Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Xinrui Wu
- School of Medicine, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Widjaja F, Rietjens IMCM. From-Toilet-to-Freezer: A Review on Requirements for an Automatic Protocol to Collect and Store Human Fecal Samples for Research Purposes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2658. [PMID: 37893032 PMCID: PMC10603957 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition, viability and metabolic functionality of intestinal microbiota play an important role in human health and disease. Studies on intestinal microbiota are often based on fecal samples, because these can be sampled in a non-invasive way, although procedures for sampling, processing and storage vary. This review presents factors to consider when developing an automated protocol for sampling, processing and storing fecal samples: donor inclusion criteria, urine-feces separation in smart toilets, homogenization, aliquoting, usage or type of buffer to dissolve and store fecal material, temperature and time for processing and storage and quality control. The lack of standardization and low-throughput of state-of-the-art fecal collection procedures promote a more automated protocol. Based on this review, an automated protocol is proposed. Fecal samples should be collected and immediately processed under anaerobic conditions at either room temperature (RT) for a maximum of 4 h or at 4 °C for no more than 24 h. Upon homogenization, preferably in the absence of added solvent to allow addition of a buffer of choice at a later stage, aliquots obtained should be stored at either -20 °C for up to a few months or -80 °C for a longer period-up to 2 years. Protocols for quality control should characterize microbial composition and viability as well as metabolic functionality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frances Widjaja
- Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang H, Lv X, Zhao S, Yuan W, Zhou Q, Sadiq FA, Zhao J, Lu W, Wu W. Weight Loss Promotion in Individuals with Obesity through Gut Microbiota Alterations with a Multiphase Modified Ketogenic Diet. Nutrients 2023; 15:4163. [PMID: 37836447 PMCID: PMC10574165 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of obesity and related metabolic disorders is rising, necessitating effective long-term weight management strategies. With growing interest in the potential role of gut microbes due to their association with responses to different weight loss diets, understanding the mechanisms underlying the interactions between diet, gut microbiota, and weight loss remains a challenge. This study aimed to investigate the potential impact of a multiphase dietary protocol, incorporating an improved ketogenic diet (MDP-i-KD), on weight loss and the gut microbiota. Using metagenomic sequencing, we comprehensively analyzed the taxonomic and functional composition of the gut microbiota in 13 participants before and after a 12-week MDP-i-KD intervention. The results revealed a significant reduction in BMI (9.2% weight loss) among obese participants following the MDP-i-KD intervention. Machine learning analysis identified seven key microbial species highly correlated with MDP-i-KD, with Parabacteroides distasonis exhibiting the highest response. Additionally, the co-occurrence network of the gut microbiota in post-weight-loss participants demonstrated a healthier state. Notably, metabolic pathways related to nucleotide biosynthesis, aromatic amino acid synthesis, and starch degradation were enriched in pre-intervention participants and positively correlated with BMI. Furthermore, species associated with obesity, such as Blautia obeum and Ruminococcus torques, played pivotal roles in regulating these metabolic activities. In conclusion, the MDP-i-KD intervention may assist in weight management by modulating the composition and metabolic functions of the gut microbiota. Parabacteroides distasonis, Blautia obeum, and Ruminococcus torques could be key targets for gut microbiota-based obesity interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.W.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (W.Y.); (J.Z.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xinchen Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.W.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (W.Y.); (J.Z.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Sijia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.W.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (W.Y.); (J.Z.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weiwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.W.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (W.Y.); (J.Z.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qunyan Zhou
- Department of Nutriology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299, Qingyang Road, Wuxi 214023, China;
| | - Faizan Ahmed Sadiq
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Technology & Food Sciences Unit, 9090 Melle, Belgium;
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.W.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (W.Y.); (J.Z.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.W.); (X.L.); (S.Z.); (W.Y.); (J.Z.)
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wenjun Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299, Qingyang Road, Wuxi 214023, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang D, Jian YP, Zhang YN, Li Y, Gu LT, Sun HH, Liu MD, Zhou HL, Wang YS, Xu ZX. Short-chain fatty acids in diseases. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:212. [PMID: 37596634 PMCID: PMC10436623 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01219-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main metabolites produced by bacterial fermentation of dietary fibre in the gastrointestinal tract. The absorption of SCFAs is mediated by substrate transporters, such as monocarboxylate transporter 1 and sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter 1, which promote cellular metabolism. An increasing number of studies have implicated metabolites produced by microorganisms as crucial executors of diet-based microbial influence on the host. SCFAs are important fuels for intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and represent a major carbon flux from the diet, that is decomposed by the gut microbiota. SCFAs play a vital role in multiple molecular biological processes, such as promoting the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 by IECs to inhibit the elevation of blood glucose, increasing the expression of G protein-coupled receptors such as GPR41 and GPR43, and inhibiting histone deacetylases, which participate in the regulation of the proliferation, differentiation, and function of IECs. SCFAs affect intestinal motility, barrier function, and host metabolism. Furthermore, SCFAs play important regulatory roles in local, intermediate, and peripheral metabolisms. Acetate, propionate, and butyrate are the major SCFAs, they are involved in the regulation of immunity, apoptosis, inflammation, and lipid metabolism. Herein, we review the diverse functional roles of this major class of bacterial metabolites and reflect on their ability to affect intestine, metabolic, and other diseases. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yong-Ping Jian
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yu-Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yao Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Li-Ting Gu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hui-Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ming-Di Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hong-Lan Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yi-Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Zhi-Xiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Carrizales-Sánchez AK, Tamez-Rivera O, García-Gamboa R, García-Cayuela T, Rodríguez-Gutiérrez NA, Elizondo-Montemayor L, García-Rivas G, Pacheco A, Hernández-Brenes C, Senés-Guerrero C. Gut microbial composition and functionality of school-age Mexican population with metabolic syndrome and type-2 diabetes mellitus using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1193832. [PMID: 37342535 PMCID: PMC10277889 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1193832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut metagenome in pediatric subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been poorly studied, despite an alarming worldwide increase in the prevalence and incidence of obesity and MetS within this population. The objective of this study was to characterize the gut microbiome taxonomic composition of Mexican pediatric subjects with MetS and T2DM using shotgun metagenomics and analyze the potential relationship with metabolic changes and proinflammatory effects. Paired-end reads of fecal DNA samples were obtained through the Illumina HiSeq X Platform. Statistical analyses and correlational studies were conducted using gut microbiome data and metadata from all individuals. Gut microbial dysbiosis was observed in MetS and T2DM children compared to healthy subjects, which was characterized by an increase in facultative anaerobes (i.e., enteric and lactic acid bacteria) and a decrease in strict anaerobes (i.e., Erysipelatoclostridium, Shaalia, and Actinomyces genera). This may cause a loss of gut hypoxic environment, increased gut microbial nitrogen metabolism, and higher production of pathogen-associated molecular patterns. These metabolic changes may trigger the activation of proinflammatory activity and impair the host's intermediate metabolism, leading to a possible progression of the characteristic risk factors of MetS and T2DM, such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and an increased abdominal circumference. Furthermore, specific viruses (Jiaodavirus genus and Inoviridae family) showed positive correlations with proinflammatory cytokines involved in these metabolic diseases. This study provides novel evidence for the characterization of MetS and T2DM pediatric subjects in which the whole gut microbial composition has been characterized. Additionally, it describes specific gut microorganisms with functional changes that may influence the onset of relevant health risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Oscar Tamez-Rivera
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Ricardo García-Gamboa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina, Colonia Nuevo México, Zapopan, Jalisco, México
| | - Tomás García-Cayuela
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Nora A Rodríguez-Gutiérrez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
- Hospital Regional Materno Infantil de Alta Especialidad, Guadalupe, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | | | - Gerardo García-Rivas
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Adriana Pacheco
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Carmen Hernández-Brenes
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Calero-Medina L, Jimenez-Casquet MJ, Heras-Gonzalez L, Conde-Pipo J, Lopez-Moro A, Olea-Serrano F, Mariscal-Arcas M. Dietary exposure to endocrine disruptors in gut microbiota: A systematic review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 886:163991. [PMID: 37169193 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can interfere with hormonal actions and have been associated with a higher incidence of metabolic disorders. They affect numerous physiological, biochemical, and endocrinal activities, including reproduction, metabolism, immunity, and behavior. The purpose of this review was to elucidate the association of EDCs in food with the gut microbiota and with metabolic disorders. EDC exposure induces changes that can lead to microbial dysbiosis. Products and by-products released by the microbial metabolism of EDCs can be taken up by the host. Changes in the composition of the microbiota and production of microbial metabolites may have a major impact on the host metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Calero-Medina
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Jose Jimenez-Casquet
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Leticia Heras-Gonzalez
- Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Conde-Pipo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lopez-Moro
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Fatima Olea-Serrano
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Mariscal-Arcas
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Puljiz Z, Kumric M, Vrdoljak J, Martinovic D, Ticinovic Kurir T, Krnic MO, Urlic H, Puljiz Z, Zucko J, Dumanic P, Mikolasevic I, Bozic J. Obesity, Gut Microbiota, and Metabolome: From Pathophysiology to Nutritional Interventions. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102236. [PMID: 37242119 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a disorder identified by an inappropriate increase in weight in relation to height and is considered by many international health institutions to be a major pandemic of the 21st century. The gut microbial ecosystem impacts obesity in multiple ways that yield downstream metabolic consequences, such as affecting systemic inflammation, immune response, and energy harvest, but also the gut-host interface. Metabolomics, a systematized study of low-molecular-weight molecules that take part in metabolic pathways, represents a serviceable method for elucidation of the crosstalk between hosts' metabolism and gut microbiota. In the present review, we confer about clinical and preclinical studies exploring the association of obesity and related metabolic disorders with various gut microbiome profiles, and the effects of several dietary interventions on gut microbiome composition and the metabolome. It is well established that various nutritional interventions may serve as an efficient therapeutic approach to support weight loss in obese individuals, yet no agreement exists in regard to the most effective dietary protocol, both in the short and long term. However, metabolite profiling and the gut microbiota composition might represent an opportunity to methodically establish predictors for obesity control that are relatively simple to measure in comparison to traditional approaches, and it may also present a tool to determine the optimal nutritional intervention to ameliorate obesity in an individual. Nevertheless, a lack of adequately powered randomized trials impedes the application of observations to clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zivana Puljiz
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Kumric
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Josip Vrdoljak
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Dinko Martinovic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Tina Ticinovic Kurir
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Marin Ozren Krnic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Urlic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Zeljko Puljiz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Jurica Zucko
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Dumanic
- Medical Laboratory Diagnostic Division, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Mikolasevic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Centre Rijeka, School of Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Josko Bozic
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Carrizales-Sánchez AK, Tamez-Rivera O, Rodríguez-Gutiérrez NA, Elizondo-Montemayor L, Gradilla-Hernández MS, García-Rivas G, Pacheco A, Senés-Guerrero C. Characterization of gut microbiota associated with metabolic syndrome and type-2 diabetes mellitus in Mexican pediatric subjects. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:210. [PMID: 37138212 PMCID: PMC10155456 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-03983-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity is a serious public health concern that confers a greater risk of developing important comorbidities such as MetS and T2DM. Recent studies evidence that gut microbiota may be a contributing factor; however, only few studies exist in school-age children. Understanding the potential role of gut microbiota in MetS and T2DM pathophysiology from early stages of life might contribute to innovative gut microbiome-based interventions that may improve public health. The main objective of the present study was to characterize and compare gut bacteria of T2DM and MetS children against control subjects and determine which microorganisms might be potentially related with cardiometabolic risk factors to propose gut microbial biomarkers that characterize these conditions for future development of pre-diagnostic tools. RESULTS Stool samples from 21 children with T2DM, 25 with MetS, and 20 controls (n = 66) were collected and processed to conduct 16S rDNA gene sequencing. α- and β-diversity were studied to detect microbial differences among studied groups. Spearman correlation was used to analyze possible associations between gut microbiota and cardiometabolic risk factors, and linear discriminant analyses (LDA) were conducted to determine potential gut bacterial biomarkers. T2DM and MetS showed significant changes in their gut microbiota at genus and family level. Read relative abundance of Faecalibacterium and Oscillospora was significantly higher in MetS and an increasing trend of Prevotella and Dorea was observed from the control group towards T2DM. Positive correlations were found between Prevotella, Dorea, Faecalibacterium, and Lactobacillus with hypertension, abdominal obesity, high glucose levels, and high triglyceride levels. LDA demonstrated the relevance of studying least abundant microbial communities to find specific microbial communities that were characteristic of each studied health condition. CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiota was different at family and genus taxonomic levels among controls, MetS, and T2DM study groups within children from 7 to 17 years old, and some communities seemed to be correlated with relevant subjects' metadata. LDA helped to find potential microbial biomarkers, providing new insights regarding pediatric gut microbiota and its possible use in the future development of gut microbiome-based predictive algorithms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana K Carrizales-Sánchez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de La Salud, Av. Ignacio Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, C.P. 64710, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, C.P. 64849, Mexico
| | - Oscar Tamez-Rivera
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de La Salud, Av. Ignacio Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, C.P. 64710, Mexico
| | - Nora A Rodríguez-Gutiérrez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de La Salud, Av. Ignacio Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, C.P. 64710, Mexico
- Hospital Regional Materno Infantil de Alta Especialidad, Av. San Rafael 460, C.P. 67140, Guadalupe, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Leticia Elizondo-Montemayor
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de La Salud, Av. Ignacio Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, C.P. 64710, Mexico
| | | | - Gerardo García-Rivas
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de La Salud, Av. Ignacio Morones Prieto 3000, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, C.P. 64710, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, C.P. 64849, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Adriana Pacheco
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, C.P. 64849, Mexico.
| | - Carolina Senés-Guerrero
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, C.P. 64849, Mexico.
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Av. General Ramon Corona 2514, Zapopan, Jalisco, C.P. 45138, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vallianou NG, Kounatidis D, Tsilingiris D, Panagopoulos F, Christodoulatos GS, Evangelopoulos A, Karampela I, Dalamaga M. The Role of Next-Generation Probiotics in Obesity and Obesity-Associated Disorders: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076755. [PMID: 37047729 PMCID: PMC10095285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and obesity-associated disorders pose a major public health issue worldwide. Apart from conventional weight loss drugs, next-generation probiotics (NGPs) seem to be very promising as potential preventive and therapeutic agents against obesity. Candidate NGPs such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Anaerobutyricum hallii, Bacteroides uniformis, Bacteroides coprocola, Parabacteroides distasonis, Parabacteroides goldsteinii, Hafnia alvei, Odoribacter laneus and Christensenella minuta have shown promise in preclinical models of obesity and obesity-associated disorders. Proposed mechanisms include the modulation of gut flora and amelioration of intestinal dysbiosis, improvement of intestinal barrier function, reduction in chronic low-grade inflammation and modulation of gut peptide secretion. Akkermansia muciniphila and Hafnia alvei have already been administered in overweight/obese patients with encouraging results. However, safety issues and strict regulations should be constantly implemented and updated. In this review, we aim to explore (1) current knowledge regarding NGPs; (2) their utility in obesity and obesity-associated disorders; (3) their safety profile; and (4) their therapeutic potential in individuals with overweight/obesity. More large-scale, multicentric and longitudinal studies are mandatory to explore their preventive and therapeutic potential against obesity and its related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia G. Vallianou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou Street, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Kounatidis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou Street, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsilingiris
- First Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Fotis Panagopoulos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilantou Street, 10676 Athens, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Socrates Christodoulatos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Department of Microbiology, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 1 Sismanogleiou Street, 15126 Athens, Greece
| | - Angelos Evangelopoulos
- Roche Hellas Diagnostics S.A., 18-20 Amarousiou-Chalandriou Street, 15125 Athens, Greece
| | - Irene Karampela
- 2nd Department of Critical Care, Medical School, University of Athens, Attikon General University Hospital, 1 Rimini Street, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kadeer G, Fu W, He Y, Feng Y, Liu WH, Hung WL, Feng H, Zhao W. Effect of different doses of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K56 on body fat and metabolic parameters in adult individuals with obesity: a pilot study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2023; 20:16. [PMID: 36944956 PMCID: PMC10031870 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00739-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that probiotics have an effect on reducing body fat on a strain-specific and dose-response bases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a novel probiotic strain Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K56 on body fat and metabolic biomarkers in adult individuals with obesity. METHODS 74 adult subjects with obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2, or percent body fat > 25% for men, percent body fat > 30% for women) were randomized into 5 groups and supplemented with different doses of K56 (groups VL_K56, L_K56, H_K56, and VH_K56: K56 capsules, 2 × 107 CFU/day, 2 × 109 CFU/day, 2 × 1010 CFU/day, 2 × 1011 CFU/day, respectively) or placebo (group Pla: placebo capsule) for 60 days. Subjects were advised to maintain their original dietary intake and physical activity. Anthropometric measurements, body composition assessment, and metabolic parameters were measured at baseline and after 60 days of intervention. RESULTS The results showed that the L_K56 group had significant decreases in percent body fat (p = 0.004), visceral fat area (p = 0.0007), total body fat mass (p = 0.018), trunk body fat mass (p = 0.003), waist circumference (p = 0.003), glycosylated hemoglobin(p = 0.002) at the end of the study compared with baseline. There were non-significant reductions in Body weight and BMI in the L_K56, H_K56, VL_K56 groups, whereas increases were observed in the placebo and VH_K56 groups compared with baseline values. In addition, K56 supplementation modulated gut microbiota characteristics and diversity indices in the L-K56 group. However, mean changes in body fat mass, visceral fat area, weight, body mass index, waist circumference and hip circumference were not significantly different between groups. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that supplementation with different doses of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei K56 has certain effect on reducing body fat and glycosylated hemoglobin, especially at a dose of 109 CFU/day. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT04980599.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guzailinuer Kadeer
- Department of Nutrition, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanrui Fu
- Department of Nutrition, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaqi He
- Department of Nutrition, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of Nutrition, Hua Dong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wei-Hsein Liu
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Wei-Lian Hung
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China.
| | - Haotian Feng
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Childhood Obesity and the Cryptic Language of the Microbiota: Metabolomics’ Upgrading. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030414. [PMID: 36984854 PMCID: PMC10052538 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing obesity epidemic in childhood is increasingly concerning for the related physical and psychological consequences, with a significant impact on health care costs in both the short and the long term. Nonetheless, the scientific community has not yet completely clarified the complex metabolic mechanisms underlying body weight alterations. In only a small percentage of cases, obesity is the result of endocrine, monogenic, or syndromic causes, while in much more cases, lifestyle plays a crucial role in obesity development. In this context, the pediatric age appears to be of considerable importance as prevention strategies together with early intervention can represent important therapeutic tools not only to counteract the comorbidities that increasingly affect children but also to hinder the persistence of obesity in adulthood. Although evidence in the literature supporting the alteration of the microbiota as a critical factor in the etiology of obesity is abundant, it is not yet fully defined and understood. However, increasingly clear evidence is emerging regarding the existence of differentiated metabolic profiles in obese children, with characteristic metabolites. The identification of specific pathology-related biomarkers and the elucidation of the altered metabolic pathways would therefore be desirable in order to clarify aspects that are still poorly understood, such as the consequences of the interaction between the host, the diet, and the microbiota. In fact, metabolomics can characterize the biological behavior of a specific individual in response to external stimuli, offering not only an eventual effective screening and prevention strategy but also the possibility of evaluating adherence and response to dietary intervention.
Collapse
|
23
|
Li X, Shi C, Wang S, Wang S, Wang X, Lü X. Uncovering the effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf addition to Fuzhuan Brick Tea on sensory properties, volatile profiles and anti-obesity activity. Food Funct 2023; 14:2404-2415. [PMID: 36786051 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03531f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
As a nutritious plant with valuable potential, the Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf addition to Fuzhuan Brick Tea (FBT) for co-fermentation is an industrial innovation and a new route to make full use of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves. However, the sensory properties, volatile profiles and anti-obesity activity of Fuzhuan Brick (Moringa oleifera Lam.) tea (MFBT) are still unknown. The results demonstrated that MFBT has richer and more complex smell and taste, better color and higher overall acceptance scores. In total, 57 volatile flavor compounds, consisting of 3 acids, 16 hydrocarbons, 5 esters, 8 ketones, 13 aldehydes, 6 alcohols and others, were identified using HS-SPME-GC-MS. The characteristic odor components in MFBT were 3-buten-2-one, 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)- and 1-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, 2,6,6-trimethyl-, which gave it a floral, woody, sweet, herbal and fruity aroma. 2-Octenal, (E) contributed significantly to the aroma of FBT, which could impart fresh, fatty and green aromas. In addition, MFBT could better regulate lipid accumulation, glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance and inflammation response more effectively than FBT. The mechanism is that MFBT could better regulate the dysbiosis of gut microbiota induced by HFFD, mainly increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as SCFA-producing bacteria (Bacteroidetes, Lactobacillaceae, Bacteroidales_S24-7_group and Clostridiaceae_1) and decreasing the abundance of harmful bacteria such as pro-inflammatory/obesity and metabolic syndrome-related bacteria (Proteobacteria, Deferribacteres, Desulfovibrio, Catenibacterium and Helicobacter), which in turn increased feces short-chain fatty acids and lowered circulating lipopolysaccharides. These results suggested that co-fermentation with Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf could significantly improve the quality and enhance the anti-obesity effect of FBT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Caihong Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Shuxuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Shuang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xin Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ojala T, Kankuri E, Kankainen M. Understanding human health through metatranscriptomics. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:376-389. [PMID: 36842848 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Metatranscriptomics has revolutionized our ability to explore and understand transcriptional programs in microbial communities. Moreover, it has enabled us to gain deeper and more specific insight into the microbial activities in human gut, respiratory, oral, and vaginal communities. Perhaps the most important contribution of metatranscriptomics arises, however, from the analyses of disease-associated communities. We review the advantages and disadvantages of metatranscriptomics analyses in understanding human health and disease. We focus on human tissues low in microbial biomass and conditions associated with dysbiotic microbiota. We conclude that a more widespread use of metatranscriptomics and increased knowledge on microbe activities will uncover critical interactions between microbes and host in human health and provide diagnostic basis for culturing-independent, direct functional pathogen identification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teija Ojala
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Laboratory of Genetics, HUS Diagnostic Center, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa (HUS), Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Kankainen
- Laboratory of Genetics, HUS Diagnostic Center, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa (HUS), Helsinki, Finland; Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wei J, Dai W, Pan X, Zhong Y, Xu N, Ye P, Wang J, Li J, Yang F, Luo J, Luo M. Identifying the Novel Gut Microbial Metabolite Contributing to Metabolic Syndrome in Children Based on Integrative Analyses of Microbiome-Metabolome Signatures. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0377122. [PMID: 36794949 PMCID: PMC10101147 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03771-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of gut microbiota and their metabolites in the development of metabolic syndrome (MS) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the signatures of gut microbiota and metabolites as well as their functions in obese children with MS. A case-control study was conducted based on 23 MS children and 31 obese controls. The gut microbiome and metabolome were measured using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. An integrative analysis was conducted, combining the results of the gut microbiome and metabolome with extensive clinical indicators. The biological functions of the candidate microbial metabolites were validated in vitro. We identified 9 microbiota and 26 metabolites that were significantly different from the MS and the control group. The clinical indicators of MS were correlated with the altered microbiota Lachnoclostridium, Dialister, and Bacteroides, as well as with the altered metabolites all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol, DL-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), LPC 24: 1, PC (14:1e/10:0), and 4-phenyl-3-buten-2-one, etc. The association network analysis further identified three MS-linked metabolites, including all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol, DPPC, and 4-phenyl-3-buten-2-one, that were significantly correlated with the altered microbiota. Bio-functional validation showed that all-trans-13, 14-dihydroretinol could significantly upregulate the expression of lipid synthesis genes and inflammatory genes. This study identified a new biomarker that may contribute to MS development. These findings provided new insights regarding the development of efficient therapeutic strategies for MS. IMPORTANCE Metabolic syndrome (MS) has become a health concern worldwide. Gut microbiota and metabolites play an important role in human health. We first endeavored to comprehensively analyze the microbiome and metabolome signatures in obese children and found the novel microbial metabolites in MS. We further validated the biological functions of the metabolites in vitro and illustrated the effects of the microbial metabolites on lipid synthesis and inflammation. The microbial metabolite all-trans-13, 14-dihydroretinol may be a new biomarker in the pathogenesis of MS, especially in obese children. These findings were not available in previous studies, and they provide new insights regarding the management of metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wei
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wen Dai
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiongfeng Pan
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Zhong
- Institute of Children Health, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ningan Xu
- Institute of Children Health, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Ye
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jina Li
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jiayou Luo
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Miyang Luo
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gut Microbiome and Its Impact on Obesity and Obesity-Related Disorders. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2023; 25:31-44. [PMID: 36469257 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-022-00859-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The prevalence of overweight and obesity has been increasing worldwide at an alarming rate. Gut microbiota intimately influence host energy metabolism, and immune response. Studies indicate a prominent role of gut dysbiosis in propagating inflammation that is associated with the development of obesity and obesity-related disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This article will review the current literature on gut microbiome and its impact on obesity and obesity-related disorders. RECENT FINDINGS An altered gut microbial composition in obesity and obesity-related disorders is associated with enhanced energy extraction from the non-digestible dietary carbohydrates, increased gut permeability, increased production of proinflammatory metabolites, such as lipopolysaccharides, resulting in systemic inflammation and insulin resistance. Gut microbiota modulation can be achieved either by dietary manipulation or by administration of probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and/or fecal microbiota transplantation aiming at the improvement of the gut dysbiosis in obesity and metabolic disorders. Further clinical trials are required to better elucidate the dose, and frequency of these interventions and also their long-term impact on host metabolism.
Collapse
|
27
|
Cervantes-Echeverría M, Gallardo-Becerra L, Cornejo-Granados F, Ochoa-Leyva A. The Two-Faced Role of crAssphage Subfamilies in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: Between Good and Evil. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:139. [PMID: 36672880 PMCID: PMC9858991 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral metagenomic studies of the human gut microbiota have unraveled the differences in phage populations between health and disease, stimulating interest in phages' role on bacterial ecosystem regulation. CrAssphage is a common and abundant family in the gut virome across human populations. Therefore, we explored its role in obesity (O) and obesity with metabolic syndrome (OMS) in a children's cohort. We found a significantly decreased prevalence, diversity, and richness of the crAssphage Alpha subfamily in OMS mainly driven by a decrease in the Alpha_1 and Alpha_4 genera. On the contrary, there was a significant increase in the Beta subfamily in OMS, mainly driven by an increase in Beta_6. Additionally, an overabundance of the Delta_8 genus was observed in OMS. Notably, a decreased abundance of crAssphages was significantly correlated with the overabundance of Bacilli in the same group. The Bacilli class is a robust taxonomical biomarker of O and was also significantly abundant in our OMS cohort. Our results suggest that a loss of stability in the Alpha subfamily of crAssphages is associated with O and OMS. Contrary, an overabundance of the Delta subfamily was found in OMS. Our study advises the importance of considering the dual role (good and evil) of crAssphage subfamilies and their participation in conditions such as O, where we suggest that Alpha loss and Delta gain are associated with obese individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adrian Ochoa-Leyva
- Departamento de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Avenida Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Fiore G, Pascuzzi MC, Di Profio E, Corsello A, Agostinelli M, La Mendola A, Milanta C, Campoy C, Calcaterra V, Zuccotti G, Verduci E. Bioactive compounds in childhood obesity and associated metabolic complications: Current evidence, controversies and perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106599. [PMID: 36503001 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity represents the most frequent chronic disease among children worldwide, with a significant global burden on society. Metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) can affect children since their first years of life, and novel therapeutic strategies to tackle metabolic complications are under investigation. This review focuses on bioactive compounds and their possible beneficial effects on obesity, particularly omega-3, docosahexaenoic acid, vitamin D, biotics, polysaccharide macromolecules, polyphenols, inositols, alpha lipoic acid, and bromelaine. Our aim is to summarize current evidence about bioactive compounds in the treatment of obesity, highlighting recent findings on their use in children and adolescents. Most studied molecules are omega-3 and vitamin D, despite the heterogeneity between the studies. Moreover, given the emerging interest in the gut-brain axis in the link between metabolic health and microbiota, various studies on prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics and polysaccharide macromolecules have been considered. Some preclinical studies seem to highlight a possible role of the polyphenols, even if their clinical evidence is still discussed. Lastly, we describe possible effects of inositols and alpha-lipoic acid. Despite some dietary supplements seem to be promising in overweight subjects, only in a few of them a dose/response efficacy has been found in the pediatric age. Innovative, well-designed and targeted clinical trials are then needed to prove the beneficial effects of these compounds that could support the standard behavioral therapy for obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fiore
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Elisabetta Di Profio
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
| | - Antonio Corsello
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
| | - Marta Agostinelli
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
| | - Alice La Mendola
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
| | - Chiara Milanta
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy.
| | - Cristina Campoy
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Spanish Network of Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Granada's node, Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), San Cecilio University Hospital. Health Sciences Technological Park, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy; Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco, University of Milan, 20144 Milan, Italy; Pediatric Clinical Research Center, Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Italy; Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cai S, Lin J, Li Z, Liu S, Feng Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Huang J, Chen Q. Alterations in intestinal microbiota and metabolites in individuals with Down syndrome and their correlation with inflammation and behavior disorders in mice. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1016872. [PMID: 36910172 PMCID: PMC9998045 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1016872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota and fecal metabolome have been shown to play a vital role in human health, and can be affected by genetic and environmental factors. We found that individuals with Down syndrome (DS) had abnormal serum cytokine levels indicative of a pro-inflammatory environment. We investigated whether these individuals also had alterations in the intestinal microbiome. High-throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene in fecal samples from 17 individuals with DS and 23 non-DS volunteers revealed a significantly higher abundance of Prevotella, Escherichia/Shigella, Catenibacterium, and Allisonella in individuals with DS, which was positively associated with the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. GC-TOF-MS-based fecal metabolomics identified 35 biomarkers (21 up-regulated metabolites and 14 down-regulated metabolites) that were altered in the microbiome of individuals with DS. Metabolic pathway enrichment analyses of these biomarkers showed a characteristic pattern in DS that included changes in valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis and degradation; synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies; glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; tyrosine metabolism; lysine degradation; and the citrate cycle. Treatment of mice with fecal bacteria from individuals with DS or Prevotella copri significantly altered behaviors often seen in individuals with DS, such as depression-associated behavior and impairment of motor function. These studies suggest that changes in intestinal microbiota and the fecal metabolome are correlated with chronic inflammation and behavior disorders associated with DS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoli Cai
- Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jinxin Lin
- Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhaolong Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Songnian Liu
- Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zhihua Feng
- Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yangfan Zhang
- Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yanding Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jianzhong Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.,College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Fiore G, Magenes VC, DI Profio E, Milanta C, Calcaterra V, Diamanti A, Campoy C, Zuccotti G, Verduci E. Gut microbiota in obesity and related comorbidities in children and adolescents: the role of biotics in treatment. Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2022; 74:632-649. [PMID: 35708037 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.22.06964-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex pathology, globally spread, with a multifactorial pathogenesis, strictly linked with lifestyle, hormones, genetic and epigenetic factors. Evidence supports that obesity, and its comorbidities, are related to changes in gut microbiota, partially responsible of the modulation of energy metabolism. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Pediatric obesity has been associated with lower bacterial diversity and differences in composition of the gut microbiota, also varying according to the metabolic status of obese subjects. Indeed, differences in distributions and activity of microorganisms in the gut of metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese children have been highlighted. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Based on human studies, this review aims to discuss gut microbiota alterations in obese children and adolescents and its role in obese-related complications. Moreover, the role of biotics (probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and -marginally- postbiotics) has been analyzed as modulator of obesity-related dysbiosis. CONCLUSIONS As a conclusion, a deeper knowledge about biotic mechanisms of action would be of great interest to implement the clinical care of children and adolescents with obesity and related comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fiore
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittoria C Magenes
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisabetta DI Profio
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Milanta
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonella Diamanti
- Unit of Hepatology Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Campoy
- Centre of Excellence for Pediatric Research EURISTIKOS, Department of Pediatrics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,L. Sacco Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Pediatric Clinical Research Center Fondazione Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy - .,Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Aminian-Dehkordi J, Valiei A, Mofrad MRK. Emerging computational paradigms to address the complex role of gut microbial metabolism in cardiovascular diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:987104. [PMID: 36299869 PMCID: PMC9589059 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.987104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota and its associated perturbations are implicated in a variety of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). There is evidence that the structure and metabolic composition of the gut microbiome and some of its metabolites have mechanistic associations with several CVDs. Nevertheless, there is a need to unravel metabolic behavior and underlying mechanisms of microbiome-host interactions. This need is even more highlighted when considering that microbiome-secreted metabolites contributing to CVDs are the subject of intensive research to develop new prevention and therapeutic techniques. In addition to the application of high-throughput data used in microbiome-related studies, advanced computational tools enable us to integrate omics into different mathematical models, including constraint-based models, dynamic models, agent-based models, and machine learning tools, to build a holistic picture of metabolic pathological mechanisms. In this article, we aim to review and introduce state-of-the-art mathematical models and computational approaches addressing the link between the microbiome and CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammad R. K. Mofrad
- Department of Bioengineering and Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lee HW, Yoon SR, Dang YM, Yun JH, Jeong H, Kim KN, Bae JW, Ha JH. Metatranscriptomic and metataxonomic insights into the ultra-small microbiome of the Korean fermented vegetable, kimchi. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1026513. [PMID: 36274711 PMCID: PMC9581167 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1026513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Presently, pertinent information on the ultra-small microbiome (USM) in fermented vegetables is still lacking. This study analyzed the metatranscriptome and metataxonome for the USM of kimchi. Tangential flow filtration was used to obtain a USM with a size of 0.2 μm or less from kimchi. The microbial diversity in the USM was compared with that of the normal microbiome (NM). Alpha diversity was higher in the USM than in NM, and the diversity of bacterial members of the NM was higher than that of the USM. At the phylum level, both USM and NM were dominated by Firmicutes. At the genus level, the USM and NM were dominated by Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, and Weissella, belonging to lactic acid bacteria. However, as alpha diversity is higher in the USM than in the NM, the genus Akkermansia, belonging to the phylum Verrucomicrobia, was detected only in the USM. Compared to the NM, the USM showed a relatively higher ratio of transcripts related to “protein metabolism,” and the USM was suspected to be involved with the viable-but-nonculturable (VBNC) state. When comparing the sub-transcripts related to the “cell wall and capsule” of USM and NM, USM showed a proportion of transcripts suspected of being VBNC. In addition, the RNA virome was also identified, and both the USM and NM were confirmed to be dominated by pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV). Additionally, the correlation between metataxonome and metatranscriptome identified USM and NM was estimated, however, only limited correlations between metataxonome and metatranscriptome were estimated. This study provided insights into the relationship between the potential metabolic activities of the USM of kimchi and the NM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Won Lee
- Hygienic Safety Packaging Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, South Korea
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So-Ra Yoon
- Hygienic Safety Packaging Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yun-Mi Dang
- Hygienic Safety Packaging Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Yun
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hoibin Jeong
- Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Chuncheon, South Korea
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Kil-Nam Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Bae
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jin-Woo Bae,
| | - Ji-Hyoung Ha
- Hygienic Safety Packaging Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, South Korea
- Ji-Hyoung Ha,
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jia Z, Zhang B, Sharma A, Kim NS, Purohit SM, Green MM, Roche MR, Holliday E, Chen H. Revelation of the sciences of traditional foods. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
34
|
Gut Microbiota Changes by an SGLT2 Inhibitor, Luseogliflozin, Alters Metabolites Compared with Those in a Low Carbohydrate Diet in db/db Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173531. [PMID: 36079789 PMCID: PMC9459736 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, sarcopenic obesity has been considered central pathological factors in diabetes. This study aimed to compare the effect of luseogliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), on sarcopenic obesity in comparison to that of a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD). Twenty-week-old male db/db mice were fed a normal diet (Ctrl), LCD, and normal diet with 0.01% w/w luseogliflozin (SGLT2i) for eight weeks. Skeletal muscle mass and grip strength decreased in the LCD group mice compared to those in the control group, while they increased in the SGLT2i group mice. The amino acid content in the liver, skeletal muscle, and serum were lower in the LCD group than those in the Ctrl group but increased in the SGLT2i group mice. Short-chain fatty acids in rectal feces were lower in the LCD group mice than those in the Ctrl group, whereas they were higher in the SGLT2i group mice. The abundance of Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia, Enterobacterales, and Bacteroides caccae species increased in the LCD group compared to the other two groups, whereas the abundance of Syntrophothermus lipocalidus, Syntrophomonadaceae family, Parabacteroidesdistasonis distasonis, and the genus Anaerotignum increased in the SGLT2i group. Luseogliflozin could prevent sarcopenic obesity by improving amino acid metabolism.
Collapse
|
35
|
Cui Y, Zhang L, Wang X, Yi Y, Shan Y, Liu B, Zhou Y, Lü X. Roles of intestinal Parabacteroides in human health and diseases. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2022; 369:6659190. [PMID: 35945336 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The stability of gut microbiota is essential for the host health. Parabacteroides spp., core members of the human gut microbiota, have average abundance of 1.27% in the human of 12 populations. Parabacteroides has been recently reported to have a close relationship with host health (E.g., metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease and obesity). Parabacteroides have the physiological characteristics of carbohydrate metabolism and secreting SCFAs. However, antimicrobial resistance of Parabacteroides to antibiotic (such as clindamycin, moxifloxacin and cefoxitin) should not be ignored. In this review, we primarily focused on Parabacteroides distasoniss, Parabacteroides goldsteinii, Parabacteroides johnsonii and Parabacteroides merdae and discussed their relationships with host disease, diet and the prevention or induction of diseases. P. distasonis and P. goldsteinii may be viewed as the potential next generation probiotics (NGP) candidate due to their protective effects on inflammation and obesity in mice. We also discussed the potential therapeutic application of Parabacteroides spp. in maintaining host-intestine homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Cui
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Leshan Zhang
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yanglei Yi
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shan
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Bianfang Liu
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xin Lü
- Lab of Bioresources, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Alcazar M, Escribano J, Ferré N, Closa-Monasterolo R, Selma-Royo M, Feliu A, Castillejo G, Luque V, Closa-Monasterolo R, Escribano J, Luque V, Feliu-Rovira A, Ferré N, Muñoz-Hernando J, Gutiérrez-Marín D, Zaragoza-Jordana M, Gispert-Llauradó M, Rubio-Torrents M, Núñez-Roig M, Alcázar M, Sentís S, Esteve M, Monné-Gelonch R, Basora J, Flores G, Hsu P, Rey-Reñones C, Alegret C, Guillen N, Alegret-Basora C, Ferre R, Arasa F, Alejos A, Diéguez M, Serrano M, Mallafré M, González-Hidalgo R, Braviz L, Resa A, Palacios M, Sabaté A, Simón L, Losilla A, De La Torre S, Rosell L, Adell N, Pérez C, Tudela-Valls C, Caro-Garduño R, Salvadó O, Pedraza A, Conchillo J, Morillo S, Garcia S, Mur E, Paixà S, Tolós S, Martín R, Aguado F, Cabedo J, Quezada L, Domingo M, Ortega M, Garcia R, Romero O, Pérez M, Fernández M, Villalobos M, Ricomà G, Capell E, Bosch M, Donado A, Sanchis F, Boix A, Goñi X, Castilla E, Pinedo M, Supersaxco L, Ferré M, Contreras J, Sanz-Manrique N, Lara A, Rodríguez M, Pineda T, Segura S, Vidal S, Salvat M, Mimbrero G, Albareda A, Guardia J, Gil S, Lopez M, Ruiz-Escusol S, Gallardo S, Machado P, Bocanegra R, Espejo T, Vendrell M, Solé C, Urbano R, Vázquez M, Fernández-Antuña L, Barrio M, Baudoin A, González N, Olivé R, Lara R, Dinu C, Vidal C, González S, Ruiz-Morcillo E, Ainsa M, Vilalta P, Aranda B, Boada A, Balcells E. Gut microbiota is associated with metabolic health in children with obesity. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:1680-1688. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
37
|
Vidal-Veuthey B, González D, Cárdenas JP. Role of microbial secreted proteins in gut microbiota-host interactions. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:964710. [PMID: 35967863 PMCID: PMC9373040 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.964710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian gut microbiota comprises a variety of commensals including potential probiotics and pathobionts, influencing the host itself. Members of the microbiota can intervene with host physiology by several mechanisms, including the secretion of a relatively well-reported set of metabolic products. Another microbiota influence mechanism is the use of secreted proteins (i.e., the secretome), impacting both the host and other community members. While widely reported and studied in pathogens, this mechanism remains understood to a lesser extent in commensals, and this knowledge is increasing in recent years. In the following minireview, we assess the current literature covering different studies, concerning the functions of secretable proteins from members of the gut microbiota (including commensals, pathobionts, and probiotics). Their effect on host physiology and health, and how these effects can be harnessed by postbiotic products, are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Vidal-Veuthey
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Huechuraba, Chile
| | - Dámariz González
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Huechuraba, Chile
| | - Juan P. Cárdenas
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Huechuraba, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Juan P. Cárdenas,
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mokrani M, Charradi K, Limam F, Aouani E, Urdaci MC. Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation. Gut Pathog 2022; 14:30. [PMID: 35794638 PMCID: PMC9258160 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-022-00505-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a worldwide health problem and a significant risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Gut microbiota (GM) plays an essential role in obesity, and prebiotics such as polyphenols could be one way to improve microbial dysbiosis-induced obesity. Objective This study was designed to assess the effectiveness of grape seed and skin extract (GSSE), and/or orlistat on obese rats fed with high fat diet by targeting GM modulations. The impact of treatments was also studied in non-obese rats. Material and methods Rats were rendered obese or kept with a standard diet for three months. Then they were treated either with GSSE or orlistat or with the combined treatment (GSOR) during three months and then sacrificed. Adipose tissues, blood and faeces were collected and analyzed. Results In obese rats and to a lesser extent in non-obese rats, treatments decreased the weight of various adipose tissues and the serum levels of cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, lipase, and CRP and increased HDL and adiponectin. GSOR treatment was even more efficient that orlistat. Obese rats had less GM diversity than non-obese rats and orlistat reduced it even more. However, diversity was restored with GSSE and GSOR treatments. Potential pathogenic Streptococcus alactolyticus/gallolyticus species were greatly increased in obese rats and drastically reduced with the treatments, as wells as other potential pathobionts. Conclusions GSSE exerts beneficial effects in obese rats and restores, at least partially, the observed dysbiosis. GSOR induced the highest beneficial effect. Moreover, the various treatments could also enhance physiological and GM modifications in non obese rats. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13099-022-00505-0.
Collapse
|
39
|
Koorakula R, Ghanbari M, Schiavinato M, Wegl G, Dohm JC, Domig KJ. Storage media and RNA extraction approaches substantially influence the recovery and integrity of livestock fecal microbial RNA. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13547. [PMID: 35694379 PMCID: PMC9186325 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is growing interest in understanding gut microbiome dynamics, to increase the sustainability of livestock production systems and to better understand the dynamics that regulate antibiotic resistance genes (i.e., the resistome). High-throughput sequencing of RNA transcripts (RNA-seq) from microbial communities (metatranscriptome) allows an unprecedented opportunity to analyze the functional and taxonomical dynamics of the expressed microbiome and emerges as a highly informative approach. However, the isolation and preservation of high-quality RNA from livestock fecal samples remains highly challenging. This study aimed to determine the impact of the various sample storage and RNA extraction strategies on the recovery and integrity of microbial RNA extracted from selected livestock (chicken and pig) fecal samples. Methods Fecal samples from pigs and chicken were collected from conventional slaughterhouses. Two different storage buffers were used at two different storage temperatures. The extraction of total RNA was done using four different commercially available kits and RNA integrity/quality and concentration were measured using a Bioanalyzer 2100 system with RNA 6000 Nano kit (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA). In addition, RT-qPCR was used to assess bacterial RNA quality and the level of host RNA contamination. Results The quantity and quality of RNA differed by sample type (i.e., either pig or chicken) and most significantly by the extraction kit, with differences in the extraction method resulting in the least variability in pig feces samples and the most variability in chicken feces. Considering a tradeoff between the RNA yield and the RNA integrity and at the same time minimizing the amount of host RNA in the sample, a combination of storing the fecal samples in RNALater at either 4 °C (for 24 h) or -80 °C (up to 2 weeks) with extraction with PM kit (RNEasy Power Microbiome Kit) had the best performance for both chicken and pig samples. Conclusion Our findings provided a further emphasis on using a consistent methodology for sample storage, duration as well as a compatible RNA extraction approach. This is crucial as the impact of these technical steps can be potentially large compared with the real biological variability to be explained in microbiome and resistome studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raju Koorakula
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Science, Vienna, Austria
- Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation (FFoQSI), Tulln an der Donau, Lower Austria, Austria
| | | | - Matteo Schiavinato
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Computational Biology, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Juliane C. Dohm
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Computational Biology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Konrad J. Domig
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Science, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Reis RM, Carlo HL, dos Santos RL, Sabella FM, Parisotto TM, de Carvalho FG. Possible Relationship Between the Oral and Gut Microbiome, Caries Development, and Obesity in Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 3:887765. [PMID: 35711624 PMCID: PMC9196306 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2022.887765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought health damage and socioeconomic disruptions, together with lifestyle disorders around the world. Children are one of the most commonly affected, mainly due to social isolation and changes in eating habits and physical activities. This way, the risk of weight gain and obesity is possibly enhanced, as well as poor oral hygiene conditions and early childhood caries (ECC) development during the lockdown. In children under 6 years of age, ECC is defined as carious lesions in one or more primary teeth, with or without cavitation. Importantly, alterations in the oral microbiome caused by changes in children lifestyles have much more than a local impact on oral tissues, interplaying with the gut microbiome and influencing systemic environments. Recent studies have been exploring the oral health conditions, eating habits, and weight gain in the childhood population during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, there is a lack of information concerning the association among oral and gut microbiome, dental caries, and obesity in the COVID-19 era. In this context, this review aimed at analyzing a possible relationship between the oral and gut microbiome, caries, and obesity in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranam Moreira Reis
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Brazil
| | - Hugo Lemes Carlo
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Maria Sabella
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Microbiology, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | - Thaís Manzano Parisotto
- Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Microbiology, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Galbiatti de Carvalho
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Fabíola Galbiatti de Carvalho
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hur HJ, Wu X, Yang HJ, Kim MJ, Lee KH, Hong M, Park S, Kim MS. Beneficial Effects of a Low-Glycemic Diet on Serum Metabolites and Gut Microbiota in Obese Women With Prevotella and Bacteriodes Enterotypes: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Front Nutr 2022; 9:861880. [PMID: 35592630 PMCID: PMC9111978 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.861880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Generalized healthy eating patterns may not benefit everyone due to different genetics and enterotypes. We aimed to compare the effects of a low-glycemic diet representing the Korean traditional balanced diet (Low-GID) and westernized diet as a control diet (CD) on anthropometry, serum metabolites, and fecal bacteria in a randomized clinical trial according to enterotypes. We recruited 52 obese women aged 30-50 years, and they consumed Low-GID and CD meals for 1 month, with a 1-month washout period, in a crossover randomized clinical trial. The Low-GID was mainly composed of whole grains with fish, vegetables, seaweeds, and perilla oil, whereas CD contained refined rice, bread, noodles, meats, and processed foods. Serum lipid profiles, metabolomics, serum short-chain fatty acids, and fecal bacteria were analyzed. The important variables influenced by Low-GID and CD were determined by SHAP value in the XGBoost algorithm according to Bacteroides (ET-B) and Prevotella (ET-P). Low-GID and CD interventions did not change the enterotypes, but they modified serum metabolites and some fecal bacterial species differently according to enterotypes. The 10-fold cross-validation of the XGBoost classifier in the ET-P and ET-B clusters was 0.91 ± 0.04 and 0.8 ± 0.07, respectively. In the ET-P cluster, serum L-homocysteine, glutamate, leucine concentrations, and muscle mass were higher in the CD group than in the Low-GID group, whereas serum 3-hydroxybutyric acid concentration was significantly higher in the Low-GID group than in the CD group (p < 0.05). In fecal bacteria, Gemmiger formicilis, Collinsella aerofaciens, and Escherichia coli were higher in the CD group than in the Low-GID group. In the ET-B cohort, serum tryptophan and total cholesterol concentrations were higher in the CD group than in the Low-GID group, whereas serum glutathione and 3-hydroxybutyric acid concentrations were significantly higher in the Low-GID group than in the CD group (p < 0.05). However, Bifidobacterium longum was higher in CD than Low-GID in the ET-B cluster, but serum butyric acid levels were higher in the Low-GID than in the CD group. In conclusion, Low-GID can be recommended in obese women with both ET-P and ET-B enterotypes, although its efficacy was more effective in ET-P. Clinical Trial Registration [https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/17398], identifier [KCT0005340].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haeng Jeon Hur
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Xuangao Wu
- Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Department of Food and Nutrition, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Hye Jeong Yang
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Kyun-Hee Lee
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Moonju Hong
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Sunmin Park
- Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Department of Food and Nutrition, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea
| | - Myung-Sunny Kim
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Wanju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhou C, Gao X, Cao X, Tian G, Huang C, Guo L, Zhao Y, Hu G, Liu P, Guo X. Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolite Potential Interactions in Growing Layer Hens Exposed to High-Ambient Temperature. Front Nutr 2022; 9:877975. [PMID: 35571932 PMCID: PMC9093710 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.877975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has revealed the dysbiosis of gut microbiota contributes to development of metabolic diseases in animals. However, the potential interaction between gut microbiota and host metabolism in growing hens under metabolic disorder induced by chronic heat exposure (CHE) remains inconclusive. The aim of our study was to examine the potential association among the cecal microbiota community, physiological indicators, and serum metabolite profiles in CHE hens. One hundred and eighty Hy-Line Brown hens were randomly allocated into three groups: thermoneutral control (TN), heat stress (HS), and pair-fed (PF). The experiment lasted for 5 weeks, with the first 2 weeks serving as the adaptation period. Results showed that the expression level of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in both serum and cecal tissues was significantly increased in the HS group. Serum parameters analysis also revealed that CHE caused physiological function damage and metabolic disorders. These results suggest the experiment was successful, inducing chronic heat stress. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis showed that the CHE can clearly induce dysbiosis of the gut microbial community reflected in the increment of the F/B ratio. Besides, serum untargeted metabolomics revealed the relative concentrations of 40 metabolites were significantly altered in the HS group compared with the TN group. Pathway analysis showed that these metabolites were mainly involving the increased proteolysis rather than lipolysis, and this tendency could be a specific metabolic adaptation of the poultry. The pair-feed experiment showed that the above changes induced by CHE were partly independent from the reduction of feed intake. Mantel correlation analysis between gut microorganisms and physiological indicators showed that the phylum Firmicutes and Euryarchaeota have a potential interaction with a serum lipid parameter. Random forest analysis showed that both genus Faecalibacterium and Methanobrevibacter were important predictors of the CHE-induced lipid metabolism disorder. Taken together, our findings may contribute to a better understanding of the metabolic mechanisms underlying the energy metabolism imbalance caused by the CHE and provide novel insights into the host-microbes interactions and its effects on the metabolic adaptation of hens under chronic heat exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ping Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoquan Guo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ochoa-Romo JP, Cornejo-Granados F, Lopez-Zavala AA, Viana MT, Sánchez F, Gallardo-Becerra L, Luque-Villegas M, Valdez-López Y, Sotelo-Mundo RR, Cota-Huízar A, López-Munguia A, Ochoa-Leyva A. Agavin induces beneficial microbes in the shrimp microbiota under farming conditions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6392. [PMID: 35430601 PMCID: PMC9013378 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics and probiotics have shown a number of beneficial impacts preventing diseases in cultured shrimps. Complex soluble carbohydrates are considered ideal for fostering microbiota biodiversity by fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPS). Here we evaluated the growth performance and microbiota composition of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei after dietary intervention using agavin as a FODMAP prebiotic under farming conditions. Adult L. vannamei were raised at a shrimp farm and the effect of agavin supplemented at 2% (AG2) or 10% (AG10) levels were compared to an agavin-free basal diet (BD). After 28 days-trial, the feed conversion ratio, total feed ingested, and protein efficiency ratio was significantly improved on animals fed with AG2. At the same time, no effect on growth performance was observed in AG10. Surprisingly, after sequencing the V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene a higher microbial richness and diversity in the hepatopancreas and intestine was found only in those animals receiving the AG10 diet, while those receiving the AG2 diet had a decreased richness and diversity, both diets compared to the BD. The beta diversity analysis showed a clear significant microbiota clustering by agavin diets only in the hepatopancreas, suggesting that agavin supplementation had a more substantial deterministic effect on the microbiota of hepatopancreas than on the intestine. We analyzed the literature to search beneficial microbes for shrimp's health and found sequences for 42 species in our 16S data, being significantly increased Lactobacillus pentosus, Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas synxantha in the hepatopancreas of the AG10 and Rodopseudomonas palustris and Streptococcus thermophiles th1435 in the hepatopancreas of the AG2, both compared to BD. Interestingly, when we analyzed the abundance of 42 beneficial microbes as a single microbial community "meta-community," found an increase in their abundance as agavin concentration increases in the hepatopancreas. In addition, we also sequenced the DNA of agavin and found 9 of the 42 beneficial microbes. From those, Lactobacillus lactis and Lactobacillus delbrueckii were found in shrimps fed with agavin (both AG2 and AG10), and Lysinibacillus fusiformis in AG10 and they were absent the BD diet, suggesting these three species could be introduced with the agavin to the diet. Our work provides evidence that agavin supplementation is associated with an increase of beneficial microbes for the shrimp microbiota at farming conditions. Our study provides the first evidence that a shrimp prebiotic may selectively modify the microbiota in an organ-dependent effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Ochoa-Romo
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Fernanda Cornejo-Granados
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Alonso A Lopez-Zavala
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad de Sonora (UNISON), Blvd., Rosales y Luis Encinas, 83000, Hermosillo, SON, Mexico
| | - María Teresa Viana
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC), Km 107 carretera Tijuana/Ensenada, 22860, Ensenada, BC, Mexico
| | - Filiberto Sánchez
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Luigui Gallardo-Becerra
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Mirna Luque-Villegas
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Yesenia Valdez-López
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Rogerio R Sotelo-Mundo
- Laboratorio de Estructura Biomolecular, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD), Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas Num. 46, Col. La Victoria, 83304, Hermosillo, SON, Mexico
| | - Andrés Cota-Huízar
- Camarones El Renacimiento SPR de RI, Justino Rubio No. 26, Col Ejidal, 81330, Higuera de Zaragoza, SIN, Mexico
| | - Agustín López-Munguia
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis, Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, Avenida Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62420, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico
| | - Adrian Ochoa-Leyva
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología (IBT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, 62210, Cuernavaca, MOR, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sisti D, Pazienza V, Piccini F, Citterio B, Baffone W, Donati Zeppa S, Biavasco F, Prospero E, De Luca A, Artico M, Taurone S, Minelli A, Perri F, Binda E, Pracella R, Santolini R, Amatori S, Sestili P, Rocchi MBL, Gobbi P. A proposal for the reference intervals of the Italian microbiota "scaffold" in healthy adults. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3952. [PMID: 35273317 PMCID: PMC8913673 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08000-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous factors, ranging from genetics, age, lifestyle, and dietary habits to local environments, contribute to the heterogeneity of the microbiota in humans. Understanding the variability of a “healthy microbiota” is a major challenge in scientific research. The gut microbiota profiles of 148 healthy Italian volunteers were examined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing to determine the range and diversity of taxonomic compositions in the gut microbiota of healthy populations. Possible driving factors were evaluated through a detailed anamnestic questionnaire. Microbiota reference intervals were also calculated. A “scaffold” of a healthy Italian gut microbiota composition was identified. Differences in relative quantitative ratios of microbiota composition were detected in two clusters: a bigger cluster (C2), which included 124 subjects, was characterized by more people from the northern Italian regions, who habitually practised more physical activity and with fewer dietary restrictions. Species richness and diversity were significantly higher in this cluster (C2) than in the other one (C1) (C1: 146.67 ± 43.67; C2: 198.17 ± 48.47; F = 23.40; P < 0.001 and C1: 16.88 ± 8.66; C2: 35.01 ± 13.40; F = 40.50; P < 0.001, respectively). The main contribution of the present study was the identification of the existence of a primary healthy microbiological framework that is only marginally affected by variations. Taken together, our data help to contextualize studies on population-specific variations, including marginal aspects, in human microbiota composition. Such variations must be related to the primary framework of a healthy microbiota and providing this perspective could help scientists to better design experimental plans and develop strategies for precision tailored microbiota modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Sisti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 7, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Valerio Pazienza
- Division of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Citterio
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 7, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Wally Baffone
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 7, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Sabrina Donati Zeppa
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 7, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Francesca Biavasco
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Emilia Prospero
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Artico
- Department of Sense Organs, La Sapienza University, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Samanta Taurone
- Department of Sense Organs, La Sapienza University, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Minelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 7, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Francesco Perri
- Division of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Elena Binda
- Cancer Stem Cells Unit ISBReMIT, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Riccardo Pracella
- Cancer Stem Cells Unit ISBReMIT, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" Hospital, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Riccardo Santolini
- Department of Humanities, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Stefano Amatori
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 7, 61029, Urbino, Italy.
| | - Piero Sestili
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 7, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Marco B L Rocchi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 7, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Pietro Gobbi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Piazza Rinascimento 7, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Bikel S, Gallardo-Becerra L, Cornejo-Granados F, Ochoa-Leyva A. Protocol for the isolation, sequencing, and analysis of the gut phageome from human fecal samples. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101170. [PMID: 35199035 PMCID: PMC8844717 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The phage-bacteria interactions in the gut microbiome are critical for health and disease, but viruses of the human gut microbiome are poorly understood. Here, we present a simple and cost-efficient protocol for collecting viral-like particles (VLPs) from human fecal samples. We describe VLPs quantification using epifluorescence and TEM microscopy, followed by DNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. This protocol characterizes the gut phageome in normal-weight and obese children with metabolic syndrome. It is also suitable to conduct high-throughput studies for other diseases. For complete details on the use and execution of this profile, please refer to Bikel et al. (2021). Protocol for collecting, sequencing, and bioinformatics of viral-like particles (VLPs) Simple, reproducible, and cost-efficient protocol to characterize the VLPs of phages Revealing the number of VLPs in human fecal samples by epifluorescence and TEM microscopy Revealing bacteriophage abundance with functional and taxonomical analysis of VLPs
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Bikel
- Departamento de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Avenida Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Luigui Gallardo-Becerra
- Departamento de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Avenida Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Fernanda Cornejo-Granados
- Departamento de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Avenida Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Adrian Ochoa-Leyva
- Departamento de Microbiologia Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Avenida Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Xu Z, Jiang W, Huang W, Lin Y, Chan FKL, Ng SC. Gut microbiota in patients with obesity and metabolic disorders - a systematic review. GENES & NUTRITION 2022; 17:2. [PMID: 35093025 PMCID: PMC8903526 DOI: 10.1186/s12263-021-00703-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous observational studies have demonstrated inconsistent and inconclusive results of changes in the intestinal microbiota in patients with obesity and metabolic disorders. We performed a systematic review to explore evidence for this association across different geography and populations. METHODS We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE (OvidSP) and Embase (OvidSP) of articles published from Sept 1, 2010, to July 10, 2021, for case-control studies comparing intestinal microbiome of individuals with obesity and metabolic disorders with the microbiome of non-obese, metabolically healthy individuals (controls). The primary outcome was bacterial taxonomic changes in patients with obesity and metabolic disorders as compared to controls. Taxa were defined as "lean-associated" if they were depleted in patients with obesity and metabolic disorders or negatively associated with abnormal metabolic parameters. Taxa were defined as "obesity-associated" if they were enriched in patients with obesity and metabolic disorders or positively associated with abnormal metabolic parameters. RESULTS Among 2390 reports screened, we identified 110 full-text articles and 60 studies were included. Proteobacteria was the most consistently reported obesity-associated phylum. Thirteen, nine, and ten studies, respectively, reported Faecalibacterium, Akkermansia, and Alistipes as lean-associated genera. Prevotella and Ruminococcus were obesity-associated genera in studies from the West but lean-associated in the East. Roseburia and Bifidobacterium were lean-associated genera only in the East, whereas Lactobacillus was an obesity-associated genus in the West. CONCLUSIONS We identified specific bacteria associated with obesity and metabolic disorders in western and eastern populations. Mechanistic studies are required to determine whether these microbes are a cause or product of obesity and metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhilu Xu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Center for Gut microbiota research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Microbiota Innovation Centre (MagIC Centre), Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenli Huang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Center for Gut microbiota research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Microbiota Innovation Centre (MagIC Centre), Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Center for Gut microbiota research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Microbiota Innovation Centre (MagIC Centre), Hong Kong, China
| | - Francis K L Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Center for Gut microbiota research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Microbiota Innovation Centre (MagIC Centre), Hong Kong, China
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, LKS Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Center for Gut microbiota research, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. .,Microbiota Innovation Centre (MagIC Centre), Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Alterations of the Gut Microbiome Associated to Methane Metabolism in Mexican Children with Obesity. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9020148. [PMID: 35204867 PMCID: PMC8870140 DOI: 10.3390/children9020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota is associated with the development of metabolic disorders. To study its association with childhood obesity, we performed a cross-sectional study with 46 children (6–12 years old). We collected fecal samples, food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs), and anthropometric measurements. Shotgun metagenomics were used to obtain the microbial taxonomic diversity and metabolic potential. We identified two dietary profiles characterized by complex carbohydrates and proteins (pattern 1) and saturated fat and simple carbohydrates (pattern 2). We classified each participant into normal weight (NW) or overweight and obese (OWOB) using their body mass index (BMI) z-score. The ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and alpha diversity were not different between the BMI groups. Genera contributing to beta diversity between NW and OWOB groups included Bacteroides rodentium, B. intestinalis, B. eggerthii, Methanobrevibacter smithii, Eubacterium sp., and Roseburia sp. B. rodentium was associated with lower BMI and dietary pattern 1 intake. Eubacterium sp. and Roseburia sp. were associated with BMI increments and high consumption of dietary pattern 2. Methane and energy metabolism were found enriched in under-represented KEGG pathways of NW group compared to OWOB. Complex dietary and microbiome interaction leads to metabolic differences during childhood, which should be elucidated to prevent metabolic diseases in adolescence and adulthood.
Collapse
|
48
|
Ezeji JC, Sarikonda DK, Hopperton A, Erkkila HL, Cohen DE, Martinez SP, Cominelli F, Kuwahara T, Dichosa AEK, Good CE, Jacobs MR, Khoretonenko M, Veloo A, Rodriguez-Palacios A. Parabacteroides distasonis: intriguing aerotolerant gut anaerobe with emerging antimicrobial resistance and pathogenic and probiotic roles in human health. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1922241. [PMID: 34196581 PMCID: PMC8253142 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1922241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Parabacteroides distasonis is the type strain for the genus Parabacteroides, a group of gram-negative anaerobic bacteria that commonly colonize the gastrointestinal tract of numerous species. First isolated in the 1930s from a clinical specimen as Bacteroides distasonis, the strain was re-classified to form the new genus Parabacteroides in 2006. Currently, the genus consists of 15 species, 10 of which are listed as 'validly named' (P. acidifaciens, P. chartae, P. chinchillae, P. chongii, P. distasonis, P. faecis, P. goldsteinii, P. gordonii, P. johnsonii, and P. merdae) and 5 'not validly named' (P. bouchesdurhonensis, P. massiliensis, P. pacaensis, P. provencensis, and P. timonensis) by the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature. The Parabacteroides genus has been associated with reports of both beneficial and pathogenic effects in human health. Herein, we review the literature on the history, ecology, diseases, antimicrobial resistance, and genetics of this bacterium, illustrating the effects of P. distasonis on human and animal health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C. Ezeji
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Daven K. Sarikonda
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Austin Hopperton
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Hailey L. Erkkila
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel E. Cohen
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Fabio Cominelli
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Germ-Free and Gut Microbiome Core, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Tomomi Kuwahara
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Armand E. K. Dichosa
- B-10 Biosecurity and Public Health, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - Caryn E. Good
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael R. Jacobs
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Alida Veloo
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Rodriguez-Palacios
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Germ-Free and Gut Microbiome Core, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States,University Hospitals Research and Education Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,CONTACT Alexander Rodriguez-Palacios Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Phungviwatnikul T, Lee AH, Belchik SE, Suchodolski JS, Swanson KS. Weight loss and high-protein, high-fiber diet consumption impact blood metabolite profiles, body composition, voluntary physical activity, fecal microbiota, and fecal metabolites of adult dogs. J Anim Sci 2021; 100:6490144. [PMID: 34967874 PMCID: PMC8846339 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine obesity is associated with reduced lifespan and metabolic dysfunction, but can be managed by dietary intervention. This study aimed to determine the effects of restricted feeding of a high-protein, high-fiber (HPHF) diet and weight loss on body composition, physical activity, blood metabolites, and fecal microbiota and metabolites of overweight dogs. Twelve spayed female dogs (age: 5.5 ± 1.1 yr; body weight [BW]: 14.8 ± 2.0 kg, body condition score [BCS]: 7.9 ± 0.8) were fed a HPHF diet during a 4-wk baseline phase to maintain BW. After baseline (week 0), dogs were first fed 80% of baseline intake and then adjusted to target 1.5% weekly weight loss for 24 wk. Body composition using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and blood samples (weeks 0, 6, 12, 18, and 24), voluntary physical activity (weeks 0, 7, 15, and 23), and fresh fecal samples for microbiota and metabolite analysis (weeks 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24) were measured over time. Microbiota data were analyzed using QIIME 2. All data were analyzed statistically over time using SAS 9.4. After 24 wk, dogs lost 31.2% of initial BW and had 1.43 ± 0.73% weight loss per week. BCS decreased (P < 0.0001) by 2.7 units, fat mass decreased (P < 0.0001) by 3.1 kg, and fat percentage decreased (P < 0.0001) by 11.7% with weight loss. Many serum metabolites and hormones were altered, with triglycerides, leptin, insulin, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 decreasing (P < 0.05) with weight loss. Relative abundances of fecal Bifidobacterium, Coriobacteriaceae UCG-002, undefined Muribaculaceae, Allobaculum, Eubacterium, Lachnospira, Negativivibacillus, Ruminococcus gauvreauii group, uncultured Erysipelotrichaceae, and Parasutterella increased (P < 0.05), whereas Prevotellaceae Ga6A1 group, Catenibacterium, Erysipelatoclostridium, Fusobacterium, Holdemanella, Lachnoclostridium, Lactobacillus, Megamonas, Peptoclostridium, Ruminococcus gnavus group, and Streptococcus decreased (P < 0.01) with weight loss. Despite the number of significant changes, a state of dysbiosis was not observed in overweight dogs. Fecal ammonia and secondary bile acids decreased, whereas fecal valerate increased with weight loss. Several correlations between gut microbial taxa and biological parameters were observed. Our results suggest that restricted feeding of a HPHF diet and weight loss promotes fat mass loss, minimizes lean mass loss, reduces inflammatory marker and triglyceride concentrations, and modulates fecal microbiota phylogeny and activity in overweight dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne H Lee
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana – Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Sara E Belchik
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana – Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jan S Suchodolski
- Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Kelly S Swanson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana – Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA,Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana – Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana – Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA,Corresponding author:
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wang QJ, Guo Y, Yao CY, Zhang KH, Li Q, Shan CH, Liu P, Wang MZ, Zhu F, An L, Tian JH, Wu ZH. Loss of diurnal behavioral rhythms and impaired lipid metabolism in growing pigs with mistimed feeding. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21972. [PMID: 34613642 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100768r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The misalignment of eating time and the endogenous circadian rhythm impairs the body's ability to maintain homeostasis. Although it is well established that children and growing animals differ from adults in their energy metabolism and behavioral patterns, little is known about how mistimed feeding disturbs the diurnal rhythms of behavior and metabolism in children and growing diurnal animals. In this study, growing pigs (diurnal animal) were randomly assigned to the daytime-restricted feeding (DRF) and nighttime-restricted feeding (NRF) groups for 5 weeks. Compared with observations in the DRF group, NRF disrupted the diurnal rhythm of behavior and clock genes and lowered the serum ghrelin, dopamine, and serotonin levels during the daytime and nighttime. Microbiome analysis results suggested that NRF altered the diurnal rhythm and composition of the gut microbiota, and increased log-ratios of Catenibacterium:Butyrivibrio and Streptococcus:Butyrivibrio. Based on the serum proteome, the results further revealed that rhythmic and upregulated proteins in NRF were mainly involved in oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, immunity, and cancer biological pathways. Serum physiological indicators further confirmed that NRF decreased the concentration of melatonin and fibroblast growth factor 21 during the daytime and nighttime, increased the diurnal amplitude and concentrations of very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and total cholesterol, and increased the apolipoprotein B/ApoA1 ratio, which is a marker of metabolic syndrome. Taken together, this study is the first to reveal that mistimed feeding disrupts the behavioral rhythms of growing pigs, reprograms gut microbiota composition, reduces the serum levels of hormones associated with fighting depression and anxiety, and increases the risk of lipid metabolic dysregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Yan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Hua Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lei An
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Hong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|