Kusman IT, Pradini GW, Ma’ruf IF, Fauziah N, Berbudi A, Achadiyani A, Wiraswati HL. The Potentials of
Ageratum conyzoides and Other Plants from
Asteraceae as an Antiplasmodial and Insecticidal for Malaria Vector: An Article Review.
Infect Drug Resist 2023;
16:7109-7138. [PMID:
37954507 PMCID:
PMC10638911 DOI:
10.2147/idr.s433328]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background
Malaria is a life-threatening disease prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. Artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) used as an antimalarial treatment has reduced efficacy due to resistance, not only to the parasite but also to the vector. Therefore, it is important to find alternatives to overcome malaria cases through medicinal plants such as Ageratum conyzoides and other related plants within Asteraceae family.
Purpose
This review summarizes the antimalarial and insecticidal activities of A. conyzoides and other plants belonging to Asteraceae family.
Data Source
Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Springer link.
Study Selection
Online databases were used to retrieve journals using specific keywords combined with Boolean operators. The inclusion criteria were articles with experimental studies either in vivo or in vitro, in English or Indonesian, published after 1st January 2000, and full text available for inclusion in this review.
Data Extraction
The antimalarial activity, insecticidal activity, and structure of the isolated compounds were retrieved from the selected studies.
Data Synthesis
Antimalarial in vitro study showed that the dichloromethane extract was the most widely studied with an IC50 value <10 μg/mL. Among 84 isolated active compounds, 2-hydroxymethyl-non-3-ynoic acid 2-[2,2']-bithiophenyl-5- ethyl ester, a bithienyl compound from the Tagetes erecta plant show the smallest IC50 with value 0.01 and 0.02 µg/mL in Plasmodium falciparum MRC-pf-2 and MRC-pf-56, respectively. In vivo studies showed that the aqueous extract of A. conyzoides showed the best activity, with a 98.8% inhibition percentage using a 100 mg/kg dose of Plasmodium berghei (NK65 Strain). (Z)- γ-Bisabolene from Galinsoga parviflora showed very good insecticidal activity against Anopheles stephensi and Anopheles subpictus with LC50 values of 2.04 μg/mL and 4.05 μg/mL.
Conclusion
A. conyzoides and other plants of Asteraceae family are promising reservoirs of natural compounds that exert antimalarial or insecticidal activity.
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