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Rezanejad F, Ganjalikhani Hakemi F. Microstructural and histochemical analysis of shoots and cones of Juniperus seravschanica (Cupressaceae). Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:790-799. [PMID: 38071733 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Juniper species contain abundant compounds that are used in the medicine, cosmetic, and wood industry. Furthermore, these components protect the genus against herbivores, pathogens and detrimental abiotic conditions. Stains and specific reagents can be used individually or simultaneously to mark cell shape, arrangement and the material they are made from. Microchemical analyses using specific reagents and stains under light microscopy are helpful for the characterization of chemical compounds present in plant tissues. The autofluorescence of endogenous fluorophores is used to enable their localization in plant cells and tissues. This paper aims to investigate the cytochemical and histochemical traits of the shoots (leaves and stems) and female cones (berries) of Juniperus seravschanica. Light and florescent microscopy techniques were used to analyze the cytology and localization of different compounds for the first time. Microscopy-based histochemical analyses revealed various products in terms of composition and distribution among the shoots and female cones. These specific compounds contained lignin, tannins, polysaccharides, starch, phenolic compounds, chlorophyll, terpenoids, neutral lipids, and proteins. However, the anatomical position of each metabolite and its concentration was different among leaf, stem, and female cone. Phenolic cells of young cones were differentiated into sclereid cells during development. The density of phenolic cells, sclereid cells, and resin glans was higher in female cones than leaves and stems. The high levels of various components can be related to high resistance of the species against biotic and abiotic stresses, confirm its industrial, pharmaceutical and agricultural applications and is useful for identification of diagnostic taxonomic traits. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Microscopical and histochemical analyses showed various compounds in J. seravschanica The phenolic cells differentiated to sclereid cells during development High levels of idioblasts and various compounds show its high resistance and medicinal role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farkhondeh Rezanejad
- Department of Biology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
- Research and Technology Institute of Plant Production, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farzad Ganjalikhani Hakemi
- Department of Biology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
- Research and Technology Institute of Plant Production, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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Adelifar N, Rezanejad F. A comparative study of essential oil constituents, total phenolics and antioxidant capacity of the different organs of four species of the genus
bunium. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Adelifar
- Department of Biology Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Kerman Iran
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Sheikhbahaei N, Rezanejad F, Arvin SMJ. Mozafati date as a potential treasure of calcium and antioxidant compounds: assessment of these phytochemicals during development. Food Measure 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00375-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Asadi Khanouki M, Rezanejad F, Millar AA. Sequence and functional analysis of a TERMINAL FLOWER 1 homolog from Brassica juncea: a putative biotechnological tool for flowering time adjustment. GM Crops Food 2020; 11:79-92. [PMID: 31876221 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2019.1707340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Flowering time is an important agricultural trait of the oil crop Brassica juncea (B. juncea), as accelerated flowering enables avoidance of terminal drought leading to increased yields. One gene known to control flowering time is TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1), which belongs to a family of phosphatidylethanolamine binding proteins, which can either repress or promote flowering time. Here, a TFL1 homolog, named BjTFL1, has been isolated from B. juncea, which shared 95% amino acid identity with TFL1 from Arabidopsis thaliana. Sequence analysis predicts the BjTFL1 protein contains the ligand-binding site, conserved motifs and other amino acid residues that are critical for TFL1 function. Confirming this as a functional TFL1 orthologue, overexpression of BjTFL1 under the control of the constitutive 35S promoter in Arabidopsis delayed flowering time. As a proof-of-concept to investigate its utility to shorten flowering time, an RNAi construct containing a partial sequence of BjTFL1 was transformed into Arabidopsis. Transcript analysis demonstrated the downregulation of endogenous AtTFL1. Moreover, the RNAi BjTFL1 transgenic lines were early flowering and had fewer rosette and cauline leaves compared to wild-type. Therefore, this BjTFL1 RNAi transgene could be used as a biotechnological tool to reduce flowering time in Brassica juncea in a bid to improve agricultural performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Asadi Khanouki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Rezanejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Anthony A Millar
- Division of Plant Science, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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Tarrahi R, Movafeghi A, Khataee A, Rezanejad F, Gohari G. Evaluating the Toxic Impacts of Cadmium Selenide Nanoparticles on the Aquatic Plant Lemna minor. Molecules 2019; 24:E410. [PMID: 30678088 PMCID: PMC6385043 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24030410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium selenide nanoparticles (CdSe NPs) were synthesized by an easy and simple method and their properties were assessed by XRD, TEM and SEM techniques. The effects of CdSe NPs as well as Cd2+ ions on Lemna minor plants were investigated. The absorption of CdSe NPs by the plants had some adverse consequences that were assessed by a range of biological analyses. The results revealed that both CdSe NPs and the ionic form of cadmium noticeably caused toxicity in L. minor. Morphological parameters as well as peroxidase (POD) activity were deteriorated. In contrast, the activities of some other antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)) as well as the contents of total phenol and flavonoids went up. Taken all together, it could be implied that CdSe NPs as well as Cd2+ were highly toxic to plants and stimulated the plant defense system in order to scavenge produced reactive oxygen species (ROS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Tarrahi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran.
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran.
| | - Ali Movafeghi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran.
| | - Alireza Khataee
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran.
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey.
| | - Farkhondeh Rezanejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 7616913439, Iran.
| | - Gholamreza Gohari
- Department of Plant Productions, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh 55181-83111, Iran.
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Tarrahi R, Khataee A, Movafeghi A, Rezanejad F. Toxicity of ZnSe nanoparticles to Lemna minor: Evaluation of biological responses. J Environ Manage 2018; 226:298-307. [PMID: 30125809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A clear consequence of the increasing application of nanotechnology is its adverse effect on the environment. Semiconductor nanoparticles are among engineered nanomaterials that have been considered recently for their specific characteristics. In the present work, zinc selenide nanoparticles (ZnSe NPs) were synthesized and characterized by XRD, TEM, DLS and SEM. Biological aspects related to the impact of nanoparticles and Zn2+ ions were analyzed on the aquatic higher plant Lemna minor. The localization of ZnSe NPs in the root cells of L. minor was determined by TEM and fluorescence microscopy. Then, the entrance of ZnSe NPs into the plant cells was evaluated by a range of biological tests. The outcomes revealed that both the NPs and the ionic forms noticeably poisoned L. minor. In one hand, growth parameters and physiological indices such as photosynthetic pigments content were decreased. On the other hand, the activities of some antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)), as well as the contents of nonenzymatic antioxidants (phenols and flavonoids) were elevated. Taken together, high concentration of ZnSe NPs and Zn2+ triggered phytotoxicity which in turn provoked the plants' defense system. The changes in antioxidant activities confirmed a higher toxicity by Zn2+ ions in comparison with ZnSe NPs. It means that the considered ions are more hazardous to the living organisms than the nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Tarrahi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran; Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Khataee
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran; Institute of Environment, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ali Movafeghi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Rezanejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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Tarrahi R, Khataee A, Movafeghi A, Rezanejad F, Gohari G. Toxicological implications of selenium nanoparticles with different coatings along with Se 4+ on Lemna minor. Chemosphere 2017; 181:655-665. [PMID: 28476005 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles have potential high risks for living organisms in the environment due to their specific qualities and their easy access. In the present study, selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) with two different coatings (l-cysteine and tannic acid) were synthesized. The characteristics of particles were analyzed using XRD, FT-IR and SEM. The impact of the nanoparticles besides Se4+, on the aquatic higher plant Lemna minor was evaluated and compared. Entrance of l-cysteine and tannic acid capped Se NPs in the roots of Lemna minor was proved by TEM and fluorescence microscopy. Adverse effects of mentioned NPs and differences of these effects from those by sodium selenite as the ionic form were assessed by a range of biophysicochemical tests. Altogether, the results asserted that Lemna minor was notably poisoned by both capped Se NPs and Se4+. Thus, growth and photosynthetic pigments were decreased while lipid peroxidation along with total phenol and flavonoid contents were raised. Eventually some changes in enzymatic activities were presented. To sum up the consequences, it can be concluded that all changes occurred due to the plant defense system especially in order to remove reactive oxygen species (ROS) and possible phytotoxicity originated by l- cysteine and tannic acid capped Se NPs in addition to Se4+. The influence of tannic acid capped Se NPs after sodium selenite is stronger by the means of antioxidant enzymes activity in comparison with l-cysteine capped Se NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Tarrahi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran; Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Khataee
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ali Movafeghi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farkhondeh Rezanejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Gohari
- Department of Plant Productions, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
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Ghotbi Ravandi E, Rezanejad F, Dehghan E. In vitro regeneration ability of diploid and autotetraploid plants of Cichorium intybus L. CYTOL GENET+ 2014. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452714030050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ravandi EG, Rezanejad F, Dehghan E. In vitro regeneration ability of diploid and autotetraploid plants of Cichorium intybus L. Tsitol Genet 2014; 48:37-42. [PMID: 25016827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Polyploidy has played a significant role in the evolutionary history of plants and is a valuable tool for obtaining useful characteristics. Because of the novelty of polyploids, comparison of their in vitro culture response with diploids would be notable. In this study, leaf explants from diploid, autotetraploid and mixoploid plants of Cichorium intybus L. were cultured in vitro on the similar media and under same conditions. The ploidy level of the obtained calluses and regenerants were determined by flow cytometry analysis. The callogenic response of leaf explants cultured on the callus induction medium did not depend on the ploidy level of their parental plants. According to the flow cytometry analysis, the increased ploidy levels (4x) and (8x) were observed in the callus cultures with diploid and tetraploid origin, respectively. A considerable difference was observed between the ploidy level of mixoploid plants and their calluses, indicating the dominance of diploid cells in the callus tissue. The results showed that polyploidy led to the loss of organogenic potential as the tetraploid origin calluses failed to regenerate, while the diploid origin calluses successfully regenerated to whole plants.
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