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Effects of apple storage period on the organic acids and volatiles in apple wine. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Fulgoni K, Fulgoni VL. Certain dietary patterns including potatoes are associated with higher and lower diet quality and physiological measures in children and adults, NHANES 2001-2018. Front Nutr 2022; 9:987861. [DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.987861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A large percentage of daily vegetable intake is attributed to white potatoes, but limited information is available on how potatoes are incorporated into dietary patterns in the US. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine food patterns that include potatoes and to compare the associated diet quality and association with biomarkers to a food pattern without potatoes. Data from American subjects 2-18 and 19 years and older who participated in the What We Eat in America portion of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles 2001-2018 were utilized in the current study. Diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index-2015. Anthropometric variables included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and weight. Biomarkers analyzed included glucose, insulin, triglycerides, HDL-, LDL-, and total cholesterol. Multiple food clusters containing potatoes were identified with several having higher and lower diet quality as compared to a food pattern without potatoes. Children and adolescents in one potato cluster had lower BMI, waist circumference, and body weight compared to those in a no potato dietary pattern, whereas adults in 3 potato clusters had higher anthropometric variables than those in a no potato pattern. In adults, some dietary patterns including potatoes were also associated with lower and higher HDL and total cholesterol and higher insulin levels. The percentage of calories from potatoes across patterns was small, ∼9-12%, suggesting the differences observed in diet quality and biomarkers were due to other food categories consumed in the pattern. This study suggests there are ways to incorporate potatoes as part of a healthy eating pattern but depends more on the other foods included in the diet.
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Kumar N, Jose J. Current developments in the nanomediated delivery of photoprotective phytochemicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:38446-38471. [PMID: 32761528 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10100-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Natural products have been used to protect the skin from harmful UV radiation for decades. Due to the ecotoxicological implications of synthetic sunscreen exposure in aquatic ecosystems, there is a greater need to explore alternative sources of UV filters. Recent research has focused on discovering novel UV absorbing photoprotective molecules from nature. In response to the excessive damage caused by UVB rays, plants induce the production of high concentrations of phytoprotective secondary metabolites and anti-oxidative enzymes. Despite promising UV absorbing and photoprotective properties, plant secondary metabolites have been underutilized in topical delivery due to low solubility and high instability. Numerous phytochemicals have been effectively nanosized, incorporated in formulations, and studied for their sustained effects in photoprotection. The present review outlines recent developments in nanosizing and delivering photoprotective crude plant extract and phytochemicals from a phytochemical perspective. We searched for articles using keywords: "UV damage," "skin photoprotection," "photodamage," and "nano delivery" in varied combinations. We identified and reviewed literature from 43 original research articles exploring nanosized phytochemicals and crude plant extracts with photoprotective activity. Nanosized phytochemicals retained higher amounts of bioactive compounds in the skin and acted as depots for their sustained release. Novel approaches in nanosizing considerably improved the photostability, efficacy, and water resistance of plant secondary metabolites. We further discuss the need for broad-spectrum sunscreen products, potential challenges, and future growth in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimmy Kumar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, NITTE Gulabi Shetty Memorial Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, 575018, Mangalore, India
| | - Jobin Jose
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NITTE Gulabi Shetty Memorial Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, NITTE Deemed-to-be University, Mangalore, 575018, India.
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Systemic and non-systemic pesticides in apples from Kazakhstan and their impact on human health. J Food Compost Anal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Park S, Son HK, Chang HC, Lee JJ. Effects of Cabbage-Apple Juice Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum EM on Lipid Profile Improvement and Obesity Amelioration in Rats. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1135. [PMID: 32325640 PMCID: PMC7230889 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the potential of cabbage-apple juice, fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum EM isolated from kimchi, to protect against obesity and dyslipidemia that are induced by a high-fat diet in a rat model. Male rats were fed a modified AIN-93M high-fat diet (HFD), the same diet supplemented with non-fermented cabbage-apple juice, or the same diet supplemented with fermented cabbage-apple juice for eight weeks. In the HFD-fermented cabbage- apple juice administered groups the following parameters decreased: body weight, liver and white fat pad weights, serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol, insulin, glucose and leptin levels, TG levels, while HDL-C and adiponectin levels in serum increased as compared with the HFD group. The HFD-fed rats that were supplemented with fermented cabbage-apple juice exhibited significantly lower fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and malic enzyme gene expression levels when compared to the exclusively HFD-fed rats. The anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects were marginally greater in the fermented juice administered group than in the non-fermented juice administered group. These results suggest that cabbage-apple juice-especially fermented cabbage-apple juice-might have beneficial effects on lipid metabolism dysfunction and obesity-related abnormalities. However, further studies are necessary for analyzing the biochemical regulatory mechanisms of fermented juice for obesity amelioration and lipid metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jae-Joon Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (S.P.); (H.-K.S.); (H.-C.C.)
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Sharma S, Marshall A, Chow J, Ranjit N, Bounds G, Hearne K, Cramer N, Oceguera A, Farhat A, Markham C. Impact of a Pilot School-Based Nutrition Intervention on Fruit and Vegetable Waste at School Lunches. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2019; 51:1202-1210.e1. [PMID: 31522894 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the preliminary impact of the Brighter Bites nutrition intervention on decreasing fruit and vegetable (F&V) waste at school lunches among fourth- and fifth-grade children. METHOD This was a nonrandomized pre-post-controlled study in Houston and Dallas, TX. Two schools received the Brighter Bites intervention (n = 76), and 1 comparison school (n = 39), during the 2017-2018 school year. Brighter Bites is a 16-week school-based nutrition intervention providing weekly distribution of fresh F&V plus nutrition education. Main outcome measures were direct observation and weights to measure the number of F&V dishes selected at school lunches, amount of F&V wasted (gm), and related nutrient waste (4 time points/child). Mixed-effects linear regression analysis was used to determine change in F&V selection and waste over time. RESULTS There was a significant decrease over time in proportion of F&V selected among those in the comparison school, but not the intervention schools (P < .001). Compared with children in the comparison group, those receiving Brighter Bites showed a significant decrease in the amount of F&V wasted at each meal (P < .001) and per item (P < .05) at the end of both 8 and 16 weeks of intervention. There were significant decreases in waste of energy (kcal); dietary fiber (gm); vitamins B1, B3, and B6 (mg); total folate (µg); and B12 (µg) among those receiving Brighter Bites (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Although absolute food or nutrient changes were small even when significant, programs such as Brighter Bites may contribute to a healthy intake. Future studies are warranted that include a larger sample size with a stringent, cluster-randomized control trial design and consideration for other covariates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreela Sharma
- Department of Epidemiology, Environmental Health, and Genetics, Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX.
| | - Allison Marshall
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, University of Texas School of Public Health in Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Joanne Chow
- Department of Health Promotion Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX
| | - Nalini Ranjit
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, University of Texas School of Public Health in Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Gregory Bounds
- Department of Health Promotion Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX
| | - Katherine Hearne
- Department of Health Promotion Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX
| | - Nan Cramer
- Houston Independent School District Food Service Support Facility, Houston, TX
| | - Amanda Oceguera
- Houston Independent School District Food Service Support Facility, Houston, TX
| | | | - Christine Markham
- Department of Health Promotion Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX
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Eisner A, Ramachandran P, Cabalbag C, Metti D, Shamloufard P, Kern M, Hong MY, Hooshmand S. Effects of Dried Apple Consumption on Body Composition, Serum Lipid Profile, Glucose Regulation, and Inflammatory Markers in Overweight and Obese Children. J Med Food 2019; 23:242-249. [PMID: 31584311 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of fruits reduces the risk of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease; however, very few studies have investigated the effect of fruit consumption in overweight and obese children. We examined whether consuming dried apple as a snack is a practical solution for weight loss and improves body composition and metabolic markers. Thirty-eight overweight or obese children aged 10 to 16 years were randomly assigned to one of two groups consuming twice daily 120 kcal serving per day of either dried apple or a control snack (muffin) for 8 weeks. Body weight, height, waist circumference, and body composition were determined during an initial visit and after 8 weeks of intervention. Blood samples were collected to measure serum concentrations of blood lipids, glucose, insulin, proinsulin, total adiponectin, and C-reactive protein, as well as total antioxidant capacity and activity of glutathione peroxidase. Body weight increased in the muffin group (P = .01). BodPod and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry showed that fat-free mass increased (P < .05) only in the muffin group. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration increased (P = .04) after the 8-week treatment within the apple group. Overall, minor differences were detected in growing children who consumed snacks of either dried apples or muffins with similar macronutrient profiles for 8 weeks. Future research should evaluate the effects of consuming fresh apples that include the peel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Eisner
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Pavithra Ramachandran
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Conralyn Cabalbag
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Dina Metti
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Pouneh Shamloufard
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Mark Kern
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Mee Young Hong
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Shirin Hooshmand
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
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Farrow C, Belcher E, Coulthard H, Thomas JM, Lumsden J, Hakobyan L, Haycraft E. Using repeated visual exposure, rewards and modelling in a mobile application to increase vegetable acceptance in children. Appetite 2019; 141:104327. [PMID: 31228505 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Children are not consuming the recommended amounts of fruit and vegetables. Repeated visual exposure, modelling, and rewards have been shown to be effective at increasing vegetable acceptance in young children. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an evidence-based mobile application (Vegetable Maths Masters) which builds on these principles to increase children's liking and acceptance of vegetables. Seventy-four children (37 male, 37 female) aged 3-6 years old were randomised to play with either the vegetable app or a similar control app that did not include any foods. Children played their allocated game for 10 min. Liking and acceptance of the vegetables used in Vegetable Maths Masters (carrot and sweetcorn) and other vegetables which were not used in the game (yellow pepper and tomato) were measured pre- and post-play in both groups. Parents provided data about their child's food fussiness and previous exposure to the foods being used. Children who played with the Vegetable Maths Masters app consumed significantly more vegetables after playing with the app and reported significant increases in their liking of vegetables, relative to the control group. The effect of the Vegetable Maths Masters app on the change in consumption of vegetables was mediated by the change in liking of vegetables. These findings suggest that evidence-based mobile apps can provide an effective tool for increasing children's liking and consumption of vegetables in the short-term. Further work is now required to establish whether these effects are maintained over time.
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A practical model for identification of children at risk of excess energy intake in the developing world. Public Health Nutr 2019; 22:1979-1989. [PMID: 30846016 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019000296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We describe diet quality by demographic factors and weight status among Barbadian children and examine associations with excess energy intake (EI). A screening tool for the identification of children at risk of excess EI was developed. DESIGN In a cross-sectional survey, the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) was used to assess dietary intakes from repeat 24h recalls among 362 children aged 9-10 years. Participants were selected by probability proportional to size. A model to identify excess energy intake from easily measured components of the DQI-I was developed. SETTING Barbados.ParticipantsPrimary-school children in Barbados. RESULTS Over one-third of children were overweight/obese, and mean EI for boys (8644 (se 174·5) kJ/d (2066 (se 41·7) kcal/d)) and girls (8912 (se 169·9) kJ/d (2130 (se 40·6) kcal/d)) exceeded the RDA. Children consuming a variety of food groups, more vegetables and fruits, and lower percentage energy contribution from empty-calorie foods showed reduced likelihood of excess EI. Intake of more than 2400 mg Na/d and higher macronutrient and fatty acid ratios were positively related to the consumption of excess energy. A model using five DQI-I components (overall food group variety, variety for protein source, vegetables, fruits and empty calorie intake) had high sensitivity for identification of children at risk of excess EI. CONCLUSIONS Children's diet quality, despite low intakes of fruit and vegetables, was within acceptable ranges as assessed by the DQI-I and RDA; however, portion size was large and EI high. A practical model for identification of children at risk of excess EI has been developed.
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Khayyatzadeh SS, Shafiee M, Far PE, Ziaee SS, Bagherniya M, Ebrahimi S, Boromand N, Ferns GA, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Adherence to a healthy dietary pattern is associated with less severe depressive symptoms among adolescent girls. Psychiatry Res 2019; 272:467-473. [PMID: 30611966 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There is growing interest on the impact of diet on depressive disorders. However, there are limited data on the association between dietary patterns and depression symptoms among Iranian adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary patterns and depression score among Iranian adolescent girls. Data were obtained from 750 adolescent girls, who were recruited from several schools using a random cluster sampling. Dietary data were collected using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Beck's depression inventory (BDI-II) was used to assess depression severity score. The prevalence of girls diagnosed with depression was 29.1%. Three major dietary patterns were identified in the study based on factor analysis: "Healthy", "Traditional" and "Western". The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of having depressive symptoms was 0.55 (95% confidence intervals, 0.34-0.89) for the highest versus lowest quartile of the healthy dietary pattern score. However, there were no significant associations between the Traditional and Western dietary patterns and depression symptoms. Our results indicate that adherence to a Healthy dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of fruits, vegetables, fish and dairy products is associated with a lower probability of having depressive symptoms among Iranian adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran; Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Shafiee
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Pouria Ezati Far
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Shirin Ziaee
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Safieh Ebrahimi
- Deparment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nadia Boromand
- Deparment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Oral Health, Nutritional Choices, and Dental Fear and Anxiety. Dent J (Basel) 2017; 5:dj5010008. [PMID: 29563414 PMCID: PMC5806984 DOI: 10.3390/dj5010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral health is an integral part of overall health. Poor oral health can lead to an increased risk of chronic diseases including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and some types of cancer. The etiology of these diseases could be linked to the individual’s inability to eat a healthy diet when their dentition is compromised. While periodontal or implant surgery may be necessary to reconstruct tissue around natural teeth or replace missing teeth, respectively, some individuals avoid such interventions because of their associated fear and anxiety. Thus, while the relationship between poor oral health, compromised nutritional choices and fear and anxiety regarding periodontal procedures is not entirely new, this review provides an up-to-date summary of literature addressing aspects of this complex relationship. This review also identifies potential strategies for clinicians to help their patients overcome their fear and anxiety associated with dental treatment, and allow them to seek the care they need.
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Friedman M. Mushroom Polysaccharides: Chemistry and Antiobesity, Antidiabetes, Anticancer, and Antibiotic Properties in Cells, Rodents, and Humans. Foods 2016; 5:E80. [PMID: 28231175 PMCID: PMC5302426 DOI: 10.3390/foods5040080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 2000 species of edible and/or medicinal mushrooms have been identified to date, many of which are widely consumed, stimulating much research on their health-promoting properties. These properties are associated with bioactive compounds produced by the mushrooms, including polysaccharides. Although β-glucans (homopolysaccharides) are believed to be the major bioactive polysaccharides of mushrooms, other types of mushroom polysaccharides (heteropolysaccharides) also possess biological properties. Here we survey the chemistry of such health-promoting polysaccharides and their reported antiobesity and antidiabetic properties as well as selected anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, and antiviral effects that demonstrate their multiple health-promoting potential. The associated antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulating activities in fat cells, rodents, and humans are also discussed. The mechanisms of action involve the gut microbiota, meaning the polysaccharides act as prebiotics in the digestive system. Also covered here are the nutritional, functional food, clinical, and epidemiological studies designed to assess the health-promoting properties of polysaccharides, individually and as blended mixtures, against obesity, diabetes, cancer, and infectious diseases, and suggestions for further research. The collated information and suggested research needs might guide further studies needed for a better understanding of the health-promoting properties of mushroom polysaccharides and enhance their use to help prevent and treat human chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mendel Friedman
- Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA.
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Hyun TK, Jang KI. Apple as a source of dietary phytonutrients: an update on the potential health benefits of apple. EXCLI JOURNAL 2016; 15:565-569. [PMID: 28096786 PMCID: PMC5225682 DOI: 10.17179/excli2016-483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Kyung Hyun
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, College of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Keum-Il Jang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea
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Seguin RA, Aggarwal A, Vermeylen F, Drewnowski A. Consumption Frequency of Foods Away from Home Linked with Higher Body Mass Index and Lower Fruit and Vegetable Intake among Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 2016:3074241. [PMID: 26925111 PMCID: PMC4746344 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3074241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Consumption of foods prepared away from home (FAFH) has grown steadily since the 1970s. We examined the relationship between FAFH and body mass index (BMI) and fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption. METHODS Frequency of FAFH, daily FV intake, height and weight, and sociodemographic data were collected using a telephone survey in 2008-2009. Participants included a representative sample of 2,001 adult men and women (mean age 54 ± 15 years) residing in King County, WA, with an analytical sample of 1,570. Frequency of FAFH was categorized as 0-1, 2-4, or 5+ times per week. BMI was calculated from self-reported height and weight. We examined the relationship between FAFH with FV consumption and BMI using multivariate models. RESULTS Higher frequency of FAFH was associated with higher BMI, after adjusting for age, income, education, race, smoking, marital status, and physical activity (women: p = 0.001; men: p = 0.003). There was a negative association between frequency of FAFH and FV consumption. FAFH frequency was significantly (p < 0.001) higher among males than females (43.1% versus 54.0% eating out 0-1 meal per week, resp.). Females reported eating significantly (p < 0.001) more FV than males. CONCLUSION Among adults, higher frequency of FAFH was related to higher BMI and less FV consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A. Seguin
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, 412 Savage Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Anju Aggarwal
- Center for Public Health Nutrition, University of Washington, 330 Raitt Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Francoise Vermeylen
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, B07 Savage Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Adam Drewnowski
- Nutritional Sciences, University of Washington, 305 Raitt Hall, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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Nicklas TA, O'Neil CE, Fulgoni VL. Consumption of various forms of apples is associated with a better nutrient intake and improved nutrient adequacy in diets of children: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2010. Food Nutr Res 2015; 59:25948. [PMID: 26445211 PMCID: PMC4595465 DOI: 10.3402/fnr.v59.25948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Consumption of fruit has been associated with a variety of health benefits, yet, 75% of children have usual intakes of total fruit below minimum recommended amounts. Apples are the second most commonly consumed fruit in the United States; however, no studies have examined the impact of apple consumption on nutrient intake and adequacy in children's diets. Objective The purpose of this study is to examine the association between apple (various forms) consumption with nutrient intake and nutrient adequacy in a nationally representative sample of children. Design Participants were children aged 2–18 years (n=13,339), from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2010. Least square means of total energy and nutrient intake, and the percentage of the population below the estimated average requirement (EAR) or above the adequate intake (AI) among apple consumers and non-consumers were examined. Results Consumers of total apple products had higher (p<0.01) total intakes of fiber, magnesium, and potassium and lower intakes of total fat, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acid, and sodium than non-consumers. Apple consumers had higher (p<0.01) total sugar intake, but lower intake of added sugars compared to non-consumers. A lower (p<0.01) percentage of apple consumers were below the EAR for 13 of the 16 nutrients studied. Apple consumers had approximately a 10 percentage unit difference below the EAR for calcium and magnesium, and vitamins A, C, D, and E, than non-consumers. The percentage above the AI for fiber was significantly (p<0.0001) higher among total apple consumers (6.24±0.45 g) compared to non-consumers (0.57±0.07 g). The results were similar for individual apple products (i.e. apple juice, applesauce, and whole apples). Conclusion Consumption of any forms of apples provided valuable nutrients in the diets of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A Nicklas
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX, USA;
| | - Carol E O'Neil
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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