1
|
Gautam K, Pandey N, Yadav D, Parthasarathi R, Turner A, Anbumani S, Jha AN. Ecotoxicological impacts of landfill sites: Towards risk assessment, mitigation policies and the role of artificial intelligence. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:171804. [PMID: 38513865 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Waste disposal in landfills remains a global concern. Despite technological developments, landfill leachate poses a hazard to ecosystems and human health since it acts as a secondary reservoir for legacy and emerging pollutants. This study provides a systematic and scientometric review of the nature and toxicity of pollutants generated by landfills and means of assessing their potential risks. Regarding human health, unregulated waste disposal and pathogens in leachate are the leading causes of diseases reported in local populations. Both in vitro and in vivo approaches have been employed in the ecotoxicological risk assessment of landfill leachate, with model organisms ranging from bacteria to birds. These studies demonstrate a wide range of toxic effects that reflect the complex composition of leachate and geographical variations in climate, resource availability and management practices. Based on bioassay (and other) evidence, categories of persistent chemicals of most concern include brominated flame retardants, per- and polyfluorinated chemicals, pharmaceuticals and alkyl phenol ethoxylates. However, the emerging and more general literature on microplastic toxicity suggests that these particles might also be problematic in leachate. Various mitigation strategies have been identified, with most focussing on improving landfill design or leachate treatment, developing alternative disposal methods and reducing waste volume through recycling or using more sustainable materials. The success of these efforts will rely on policies and practices and their enforcement, which is seen as a particular challenge in developing nations and at the international (and transboundary) level. Artificial intelligence and machine learning afford a wide range of options for evaluating and reducing the risks associated with leachates and gaseous emissions from landfills, and various approaches tested or having potential are discussed. However, addressing the limitations in data collection, model accuracy, real-time monitoring and our understanding of environmental impacts will be critical for realising this potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Gautam
- Ecotoxicology Laboratory, REACT Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, CRK Campus, Lucknow 226008, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Namrata Pandey
- Ecotoxicology Laboratory, REACT Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, CRK Campus, Lucknow 226008, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dhvani Yadav
- Computational Toxicology Facility, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramakrishnan Parthasarathi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Computational Toxicology Facility, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Andrew Turner
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Sadasivam Anbumani
- Ecotoxicology Laboratory, REACT Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, CRK Campus, Lucknow 226008, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Awadhesh N Jha
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cannon CEB. Critical Environmental Injustice: A Case Study Approach to Understanding Disproportionate Exposure to Toxic Emissions. TOXICS 2024; 12:295. [PMID: 38668518 PMCID: PMC11054570 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Environmental justice research has focused on the distribution of environmental inequalities, such as proximity to landfills, across the U.S. and globally. BACKGROUND Public health research and environmental health research, specifically, have focused on toxic exposure-encompassing individuals or communities that are disproportionately exposed to contaminants that are harmful or potentially harmful to them. Yet, little research has applied critical environmental justice theory-characterized by the idea that marginalized communities need to be treated as indispensable rather than disposable-to the study of toxic exposure. To fill this gap, the current paper offers a case study approach applying critical environmental justice theory to the study of disproportionate and unequal exposure to toxic contaminants. METHODS This case study is of Kettleman City, a rural, unincorporated community in the heart of California's Central Valley (USA). This community experiences the co-location of environmental hazards, including residing at the intersection of two major highways and hosting a class I hazardous-waste landfill, which is one of the few licensed to accept PCBs. PCBs are a contaminant that has been linked with several adverse health outcomes, including cancers and low birthweight. Residents may also experience poor air quality from proximity to the highways. RESULTS This case highlights the uneven distribution of pollution and environmental degradation that may be shouldered by the community, along with their experiences of adverse health and social impacts. This analysis reveals the importance of incorporating a critical environmental justice perspective to unpack experiences of not only disproportionate exposure but also disproportionate procedural and recognitional inequality. CONCLUSIONS This research highlights the untapped potential of environmental justice to catalyze exposure science in challenging the unequal distribution of contaminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clare E B Cannon
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Feng MX, Zou H, Lu YQ. Severe liver injury and clinical characteristics of occupational exposure to 2-amino-5-chloro-N,3-dimethylbenzamide: A case series. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2024; 23:186-194. [PMID: 37903709 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 2-amino-5-chloro-N,3-dimethylbenzamide is a key intermediate in the synthesis of pesticides and pharmaceuticals. However, no literature currently exists on 2-amino-5-chloro-N,3-dimethylbenzamide poisoning in humans. This study aimed to reveal the health hazard of this chemical for humans and summarize the clinical characteristics of patients with occupational 2-amino-5-chloro-N,3-dimethylbenzamide poisoning. METHODS This observational study included four patients with 2-amino-5-chloro-N,3-dimethylbenzamide poisoning from June 2022 to July 2022. The entire course of the incidents was described in detail. Blood 2-amino-5-chloro-N,3-dimethylbenzamide concentrations were detected by a mass spectrometer. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to assess liver injury, and immunofluorescence was used to evaluate hepatic mitophagy. RESULTS The 2-amino-5-chloro-N,3-dimethylbenzamide powder (99% purity) entered the human body mainly via the skin and respiratory tract due to poor personal protective measures. The typical course of 2-amino-5-chloro-N,3-dimethylbenzamide poisoning was divided into latency, rash, fever, organic damage, and recovery phases in accordance with the clinical evolution. Rash and fever may be the important premonitory symptoms for further organ injuries. The chemical was detected in the blood of all patients and caused multiple organ injuries, predominantly liver injury, including kidney, myocardium, and microcirculation. Three patients recovered smoothly after comprehensive treatments, including artificial liver therapy, continuous renal replacement therapy, glucocorticoids, and other symptomatic and supportive treatments. One patient survived by liver transplantation. The postoperative pathological findings of the removed liver showed acute liver failure, and immunofluorescence staining confirmed the abundance of mitophagy in residual hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to elaborate the clinical characteristics of patients with 2-amino-5-chloro-N,3-dimethylbenzamide poisoning. The chemical enters the body through the respiratory tract and skin during industrial production. The 2-amino-5-chloro-N,3-dimethylbenzamide poisoning causes multiple-organ dysfunction with a predominance of liver injury. Liver transplantation may be an effective option for patients with severe liver failure. The mechanisms of liver injury induced by 2-amino-5-chloro-N,3-dimethylbenzamide might involve abnormal mitochondrial function and mitophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Xiao Feng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hua Zou
- Occupational Health and Radiation Protection Institute, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Yuan-Qiang Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shi W, Zhao Y, Li Z, Zhang W, Zhou T, Lin K. Transformer-based enhanced model for accurate prediction and comprehensive analysis of hazardous waste generation in Shanghai: Implications for sustainable waste management strategies. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139579. [PMID: 37474032 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The escalating generation of hazardous waste (HW) has become a pressing concern worldwide, straining waste management systems and posing significant health hazards. Addressing this challenge necessitates an accurate understanding of HW generation, which can be achieved through the application of advanced models. The Transformer model, known for its ability to capture complex nonlinear processes, proves invaluable in extracting essential features and making precise HW generation predictions. To enhance comprehension of the key factors influencing HW generation, visualization techniques such as SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) provide insightful explanations. In this study, a novel approach combining classical deep learning algorithms with the Transformer model is proposed, yielding impressive results with an R2 value of 0.953 and an RMSE of 7.284 for HW prediction. Notably, among the five key fields considered-demographics, socio-economics, industrial production, environmental governance, and medical health-industrial production emerges as the primary contributor, accounting for over 50% of HW generation. Moreover, a high rate of industrial development is anticipated to further accelerate this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Shi
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1515 North Zhongshan Rd. (No. 2), Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Youcai Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1515 North Zhongshan Rd. (No. 2), Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Zongsheng Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1515 North Zhongshan Rd. (No. 2), Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Wenxiao Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1515 North Zhongshan Rd. (No. 2), Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Tao Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1515 North Zhongshan Rd. (No. 2), Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Kunsen Lin
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1515 North Zhongshan Rd. (No. 2), Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Waleed Makki H, Waleed Makki H, Mohamed TSA, Omer Hamad Abd El‑Raheem G, Bashir Abdel Mahmoud AZ, Mustafa Elfadul M, Homeida M, Noma M. Health Impact of Household Waste Burning in Khartoum State, Sudan. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2023; 16:1297-1307. [PMID: 37484704 PMCID: PMC10362879 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s395694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Waste disposal and management is a global concern affecting both high- and low-income countries. This research assessed the health impact of burning household waste in Khartoum State, Sudan. Methods An online community-based cross-sectional study was implemented on a sample of 844 participants selected through a stratified random sampling technique across Khartoum State. The data were collected through a standardized pre tested online questionnaire. The data file was georeferenced through Google Earth Pro and analysed with SPSS 23 and ArcGIS 10.3. The data were summarized numerically and graphically. The appropriate frequency tables were used in ArcGIS to generate geographical distribution maps of household waste burning and predictive health risk maps of waste burning in Khartoum State. Statistical tests performed for association carried out were Chi-square and ANOVA. A binary regression analysis established the relationship between burning of household waste and its associated factors. All statistical tests were considered significant when p < 0.05. Results The practice of burning household waste was performed by 74.5% (619/831) of the participants with 50.8% (311/612) who reported burning the waste weekly. The health conditions related to household waste burning were predominately asthma (57.0%) and respiratory manifestations (38.0%). Of the ten contributing factors of health risks related to burning household waste, the two statistically significant were the frequency of waste collection (OR = 0.720, 95% [CI: 0.593-0.875], p = 0.001) and the place of waste disposal (OR = 0.791, 95% [CI: 0.651-0.961], p = 0.018). Conclusion The practice of burning household waste in Khartoum State was a public health concern. Sociodemographic and managerial factors exposing residents to health risks appeal political, health authorities and communities to establish a partnership to manage household waste for public safety and good quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Waleed Makki
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Hana Waleed Makki
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Tala Siefuddin Awadelkarim Mohamed
- Postgraduate Diploma Research Methodology & Biostatistics, Graduate College, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ghada Omer Hamad Abd El‑Raheem
- Soba University Hospital & Research Methodology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Maisa Mustafa Elfadul
- Public Health, Graduate College, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Mamoun Homeida
- University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Mounkaila Noma
- Postgraduate Diploma Research Methodology & Biostatistics, Graduate College, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Selvi SV, Prasannan A, Yu H, Lincy V, Hong PD. Bio-mineralized tin/bismuth oxide nanoparticles with silk fibroins for efficient electrochemical detection of 2-nitroaniline in river water samples. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 221:115285. [PMID: 36640938 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the usage of nitroaniline has played a vital role in pharmaceutical formulations as it is a crucial ingredient in the synthesis of pesticides and dyes. However, the level of nitroaniline existing in industrial waste keeps rising the environmental contamination. Thus, monitoring of active nitro-residuals becomes more significant in reducing the toxicity of the ecosystem. Therefore, we have taken an attempt to evaluate the hazardous pollutant 2-nitroaniline (2-NA) using the electrocatalyst viz., tin-doped bismuth oxide inserted on a biopolymer silk fibroin composite modified glassy carbon electrode (Sn-Bi2O3/SF@GCE). The Sn-Bi2O3/SF nanocomposite was synthesized through hydrothermal and co-precipitation methods. The physicochemical properties of the prepared Sn-Bi2O3/SF hybrid composite were examined by conventional microscopy and spectroscopic techniques like FE-SEM, HR-TEM, XRD, FTIR, Raman, and XPS. Furthermore, the bio-mineralized Sn-Bi2O3/SF@GCE displayed a wide linear range (0.009 μM-785.7 μM) and a lower detection limit (3.5 nM) with good sensitivity for 2-NA detection under the optimum conditions. The result shows that the Sn-Bi2O3/SF-modified GCE has good reproducibility, repeatability, and excellent selectivity for 2-NA detection in the presence of other co-interfering compounds. Moreover, the practical applicability of Sn-Bi2O3/SF@GCE sensors was investigated for the effective detection of 2-NA in real river water samples, revealing good recovery results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subash Vetri Selvi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106335, Taiwan
| | - Adhimoorthy Prasannan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106335, Taiwan
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106335, Taiwan
| | - Varghese Lincy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106335, Taiwan
| | - Po-Da Hong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106335, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Modeling and Performance Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Treatment in Plasma Torch Reactor. Symmetry (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/sym15030692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermal plasma has emerged as a technology with tremendous promise for municipal wastes that should be disposed of sustainably. A numerical simulation of a symmetric turbulent plasma jet from a thermal air plasma torch was developed using COMSOL Multiphysics®5.4 engineering simulation software. The velocities, temperature, arc root motion, and joule heating of the plasma jet were examined under the impact of the gas mass flow rate and current. Moreover, the electrical power required for the municipal solid waste (MSW) processing was estimated. The enthalpy and the effectiveness of the plasma torch were analyzed and discussed. Subsequently an investigation was conducted into the gasification characteristics of MSW using air and steam gases. The torch’s power and efficiency could be enhanced with a higher mass flow rate and temperature. Three operating modes were identified from the current–arc flow combination. Among the plasma gas considered, the air gas plasma torch guarantees an acceptable thermal efficiency and a low anode erosion rate. Plasma gasification produces cleaner syngas with higher efficiency (84%) than the conventional process due to the elevated temperature used during the process that breaks down all the char, dioxins, and tars.
Collapse
|
8
|
Burgess RM, Cantwell MG, Dong Z, Grundy JS, Joyce AS. Comparing Equilibrium Concentrations of Polychlorinated Biphenyls Based on Passive Sampling and Bioaccumulation in Water Column Deployments. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:317-332. [PMID: 36484760 PMCID: PMC10789481 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biomonitoring at contaminated sites undergoing cleanup, including Superfund sites, often uses bioaccumulation of anthropogenic contaminants by field-deployed organisms as a metric of remedial effectiveness. Bioaccumulation studies are unable to assess the equilibrium status of the organisms relative to the contaminants to which they are exposed. Establishing equilibrium provides a reproducible benchmark on which scientific and management decisions can be based (e.g., comparison with human dietary consumption criteria). Unlike bioaccumulating organisms, passive samplers can be assessed for their equilibrium status. In our study, over a 3-year period, we compared the bioaccumulation of selected polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by mussels in water column deployments at the New Bedford Harbor Superfund site (New Bedford, MA, USA) to codeployed passive samplers. Based on comparisons to the calculated passive sampler equilibrium concentrations, the mussels were not at equilibrium, and the subsequent analysis focused on evaluating approaches for estimating equilibrium bioaccumulation. In addition, a limited evaluation of metal bioaccumulation by the exposed mussels and a metal passive sampler was performed. In general, mussel and passive sampler accumulation of PCBs was significantly correlated; however, surprisingly, agreement on the magnitude of accumulation was optimal when bioaccumulation and passive sampler uptake were not corrected for nonequilibrium conditions. A subsequent comparison of four approaches for estimating equilibrium mussel bioaccumulation using octanol-water partition coefficients (KOW ), triolein-water partition coefficients (KTW ), and two types of polymer-lipid partition coefficients demonstrated that field-deployed mussels were not at equilibrium with many PCBs. A range of estimated equilibrium mussel bioaccumulation concentrations were calculated, with the magnitude of the KOW -based values being the smallest and the polymer-lipid partition coefficient-based values being the largest. These analyses are intended to assist environmental scientists and managers to interpret field deployment data when transitioning from biomonitoring to passive sampling. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:317-332. Published 2022. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert M. Burgess
- ORD/CEMM Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode Island
| | - Mark G. Cantwell
- ORD/CEMM Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode Island
| | - Zhao Dong
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James S. Grundy
- ORD/CEMM Atlantic Coastal Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode Island
| | - Abigail S. Joyce
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang Y, Liu N, Li Y, Long Y, Baumgartner J, Adamkiewicz G, Bhalla K, Rodriguez J, Gemmell E. Neighborhood infrastructure-related risk factors and non-communicable diseases: a systematic meta-review. Environ Health 2023; 22:2. [PMID: 36604680 PMCID: PMC9814186 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00955-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With rapid urbanization, the urban environment, especially the neighborhood environment, has received increasing global attention. However, a comprehensive overview of the association between neighborhood risk factors and human health remains unclear due to the large number of neighborhood risk factor-human health outcome pairs. METHOD On the basis of a whole year of panel discussions, we first obtained a list of 5 neighborhood domains, containing 33 uniformly defined neighborhood risk factors. We only focused on neighborhood infrastructure-related risk factors with the potential for spatial interventions through urban design tools. Subsequently, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a systematic meta-review of 17 infrastructure-related risk factors of the 33 neighborhood risk factors (e.g., green and blue spaces, proximity to major roads, and proximity to landfills) was conducted using four databases, Web of Science, PubMed, OVID, and Cochrane Library, from January 2000 to May 2021, and corresponding evidence for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) was synthesized. The review quality was assessed according to the A MeaSurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) standard. RESULTS Thirty-three moderate-and high-quality reviews were included in the analysis. Thirteen major NCD outcomes were found to be associated with neighborhood infrastructure-related risk factors. Green and blue spaces or walkability had protective effects on human health. In contrast, proximity to major roads, industry, and landfills posed serious threats to human health. Inconsistent results were obtained for four neighborhood risk factors: facilities for physical and leisure activities, accessibility to infrastructure providing unhealthy food, proximity to industry, and proximity to major roads. CONCLUSIONS This meta-review presents a comprehensive overview of the effects of neighborhood infrastructure-related risk factors on NCDs. Findings on the risk factors with strong evidence can help improve healthy city guidelines and promote urban sustainability. In addition, the unknown or uncertain association between many neighborhood risk factors and certain types of NCDs requires further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Zhang
- School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ningrui Liu
- School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Long
- School of Architecture and Hang Lung Center for Real Estate, Key Laboratory of Eco Planning & Green Building, Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, No. 1 Qinghuayuan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Jill Baumgartner
- Institute for Health and Social Policy & Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Gary Adamkiewicz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan, School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kavi Bhalla
- Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Emily Gemmell
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Thapa K, Vermeulen WJV, Deutz P, Olayide OE. Transboundary movement of waste review: From binary towards a contextual framing. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2023; 41:52-67. [PMID: 35730890 PMCID: PMC9773157 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x221105424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple cases of toxic waste dumping from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries to non-OECD countries in the 1980s led to scholarly attention to transboundary waste movements. The Basel Convention was established to provide an international legal framework to tackle such problems in the early 1990s, focusing on hazardous waste. However, the transboundary movement of all waste, not just hazardous waste, remains a societal challenge globally, frequently surfacing as an ethical question on the one hand and a story of resource management/trade on the other. This phenomenon has been studied across disciplines resulting in diverse, scattered and often contested understandings. Despite previous and ongoing efforts, waste production, management and transboundary movements are increasing and are predicted to grow significantly with global social, environmental and economic implications. This literature review uses a research synthesis and problematisation approach to critically analyse the transboundary waste literature since 1985. The findings highlight research trends, the need for data reliability and policy coherence, and the sustainability implications of the phenomenon. One recurring theme in the literature is the reduction of the complex phenomenon involving multiple countries, policies, actors and waste streams into simple opposite narratives, which we called transboundary waste binaries. We have identified and then challenged assumptions behind transboundary waste binaries and discussed the implications of such assumptions on the broader discourse. We have concluded with future research recommendations to look past the transboundary waste binaries towards a nuanced and contextual understanding of transboundary waste flows.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaustubh Thapa
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Walter JV Vermeulen
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pauline Deutz
- Department of Geography, Geology and Environment, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Olawale E Olayide
- Department of Sustainability Studies, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fazzo L, Manno V, Iavarone I, Minelli G, De Santis M, Beccaloni E, Scaini F, Miotto E, Airoma D, Comba P. The health impact of hazardous waste landfills and illegal dumps contaminated sites: An epidemiological study at ecological level in Italian Region. Front Public Health 2023; 11:996960. [PMID: 36923045 PMCID: PMC10010672 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.996960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim The implementation of idoneous management of hazardous waste, in contrast to illegal practices, is one of the environment and health priorities of the WHO. The aim of the present study, based on a collaborative agreement between the Italian National Health Institute and a Prosecution Office located in Naples North, was to evaluate the health effects of illegal landfills and burning of urban and hazardous waste in the territory of the Prosecution Office. Methods The municipalities included in the study territory were investigated with respect to the regional population. Regression analyses were performed in the study area between four classes of an environmental municipal indicator of waste risk (MRI) previously defined, computing the relative risks (RRs) in 2-4 MRI classes, with respect to the first MRI class (the least impacted). The prevalence of reproductive outcomes and cause-specific mortality and hospitalization were analyzed in the general population and in the 0-19-year-old population using SAS software. Results An increase of mortality and hospitalization risk in both the genders of the whole area, with respect to regional population, were found for overall all cancer cases, cancer of the stomach, the liver, the lung and the kidney, and ischemic heart diseases. An increase of mortality for leukemias in the 0-19-year-old population and in hospitalization risk for certain conditions originating in the perinatal period were observed. Correlation between MRI and the risk of mortality from breast tumors in women (MRI class 2: RR = 1.06; MRI class 3: RR = 1.15; MRI class 4: RR = 1.11) and between MRI and the risk of hospitalization from testis tumors (MRI class 2: RR = 1.25; MRI class 3: RR = 1.31; MRI class 4: RR = 1.32) were found. The hospitalization risk from breast tumors and asthma exceeded significantly in both genders of three and four MRI classes. Among the 0-19-year-old population, correlation between MRI and hospitalization from leukemias (MRI class 2: RR = 1.48; MRI class 3: RR = 1.60; MRI class 4: RR = 1.41) and between MRI and the prevalence of preterm birth (MRI class 2: RR = 1.17; MRI class 3: RR = 1.08; MRI class 4: RR = 1.25) were found. Conclusion A correlation between health outcomes and the environmental pressure by uncontrolled waste sites was found. Notwithstanding the limitation of the study, the results promote implementing the actions of environmental remediation and the prosecution of illegal practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Fazzo
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.,World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health in Contaminated Sites, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Manno
- Statistical Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivano Iavarone
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.,World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health in Contaminated Sites, Rome, Italy
| | - Giada Minelli
- Statistical Service, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Santis
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.,World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health in Contaminated Sites, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Beccaloni
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Scaini
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Miotto
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Domenico Airoma
- Avellino Prosecution Office, Former North Naples Prosecution Office, Avellino, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Newman SD, Moss K, Pichon M, Scott D, Rogers K, Orr A, Bui C, Payne-Foster P. The health of rural Black communities during COVID: Some affirmations, some surprises. Front Public Health 2023; 11:932451. [PMID: 37124765 PMCID: PMC10133505 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.932451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective There are overwhelming health disparities in the Deep South. It is important to include the voice of communities affected by these disparities when developing interventions. The goal of the current study was to develop an academic community engaged partnership to strengthen the ability to address priority health concerns of rural African American communities with a focus on health literacy and health advocacy. Methods A community-based participatory research approach was used to administer a 15-item community health survey in five rural communities led by African American mayors in Alabama (N = 752). The survey assessed the health concerns and the potential behaviors that may be associated with those health concerns. Results The five communities demonstrated similarities as well as differences in both the health concerns endorsed and the potential health behaviors that may contribute to those concerns. All five communities identified cardiovascular disease as a health concern with three endorsing mental health issues and 2 dental health. With respect to behaviors, all five communities identified either unhealthy eating/exercise and substance use as concerns with one community identifying racism as a risky behavior affecting health. Conclusion The results presented replicate CBPR studies demonstrating that communities are important sources of information about local health priorities and concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharlene D. Newman
- Alabama Life Research Institute, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
- Advancing Health Literacy in the Alabama Black Belt, HHS, Fort Deposit, AL, United States
- *Correspondence: Sharlene D. Newman,
| | - Kimberly Moss
- Advancing Health Literacy in the Alabama Black Belt, HHS, Fort Deposit, AL, United States
| | - Melonie Pichon
- Advancing Health Literacy in the Alabama Black Belt, HHS, Fort Deposit, AL, United States
| | - Deborah Scott
- Advancing Health Literacy in the Alabama Black Belt, HHS, Fort Deposit, AL, United States
| | - Kileema Rogers
- Advancing Health Literacy in the Alabama Black Belt, HHS, Fort Deposit, AL, United States
| | - Angela Orr
- Advancing Health Literacy in the Alabama Black Belt, HHS, Fort Deposit, AL, United States
| | - Chuong Bui
- Alabama Life Research Institute, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| | - Pamela Payne-Foster
- Advancing Health Literacy in the Alabama Black Belt, HHS, Fort Deposit, AL, United States
- College of Community Health Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Alberti P. The 'land of fires': epidemiological research and public health policy during the waste crisis in Campania, Italy. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12331. [PMID: 36582724 PMCID: PMC9792804 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The region of Campania, South Italy rose to prominence in the mid-2000s due to the illegal disposal of waste by the Camorra during the local waste management crisis. Several lines of evidence have identified a link between exposure to toxic waste and adverse health outcomes in the local populations. Critically, studies since 2017 have strongly suggested that this link is causal in nature. The uncertainty of evidence polarised the Italian epidemiological community and partly undermined the precautionary principle in public health policy, leading to years of delay in the deployment of appropriate interventions. The crisis also sparked concerns about pollution of soil, water, and agricultural products. The contrast between political responses and protests from local communities shows analogies with environmental emergencies of a larger scale. Beyond law enforcement actions to prosecute illegal waste disposal activity, future mitigation of risks for affected populations will require coordinated efforts in environmental policy (land reclamation, improved waste management) and public health (i.e. extensive epidemiological surveillance, screening and prevention programs). By summarising evidence over the last two decades, this review aims to construct a cohesive interdisciplinary narrative of the events in the Campanian waste crisis.
Collapse
|
14
|
Atthirawong W, Luangpaiboon P. Hazardous waste management system for Thailand's local administrative organization via route and location selection. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2022; 72:1121-1136. [PMID: 35939657 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2022.2110993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study proposed a decision support system (DSS) for optimizing transportation routing and disposal hub location for Thailand's local administrative organizations' hazardous waste management. The first step is to choose the origin and destination, as well as to collect data for each route. Each route's decision criteria were based on traffic quality and risk measures from the perspective of users. An analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to compute effective weights for decision criteria. To achieve optimal routing, AHP weights were combined with a zero-one goal programming technique. The DSS operates systematically and successfully, taking into account both transportation risk and socioeconomic factors, and provides appropriate routes. Overall, this waste management system may provide useful information to decision-makers for prioritizing disposal site alternatives and implementing feasible waste management actions. The zero-one location design was then used to determine the best hub location. Based on two scenarios of six and fifteen CoG hubs, the results revealed that the best model for managing a case company's hazardous waste was to establish 15 hubs scattered throughout the country for collecting points and then transporting them to the waste disposal plant in Phitsanulok province. Locating the hub near sink points would reduce transportation costs and backhaul issues, reducing the environmental impact of GHG emissions and increasing system efficiency.Implications: The problem of waste pollution has become increasingly serious all over the world, particularly in developing countries that face significant pollution control challenges. End-of-life wastes cause economic, health, and environmental problems if they are not properly managed. As the world's population and living standards rise, so does the amount of waste produced. The environmental impact is significant, with massive amounts of waste generated each year with only basic or minimal treatment to mitigate its impact. As a result, there is an urgent need for a method that can precisely optimize transportation routing and disposal hub location for Thailand's local administrative organizations' hazardous waste management (LAOs). The proposed decision support system (DSS) may provide useful information to decision-makers in prioritizing disposal site alternatives and implementing feasible waste management actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walailak Atthirawong
- Department of Statistics, School of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pongchanun Luangpaiboon
- Thammasat University Research Unit in Industrial Statistics and Operational Research, Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Thammasat School of Engineering, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jiménez T, Pollán M, Domínguez-Castillo A, Lucas P, Sierra MÁ, Fernández de Larrea-Baz N, González-Sánchez M, Salas-Trejo D, Llobet R, Martínez I, Pino MN, Martínez-Cortés M, Pérez-Gómez B, Lope V, García-Pérez J. Residential proximity to industrial pollution and mammographic density. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 829:154578. [PMID: 35304152 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammographic density (MD), expressed as percentage of fibroglandular breast tissue, is an important risk factor for breast cancer. Our objective is to investigate the relationship between MD and residential proximity to pollutant industries in premenopausal Spanish women. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample of 1225 women extracted from the DDM-Madrid study. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the association of MD percentage (and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs)) and proximity (between 1 km and 3 km) to industries included in the European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register. RESULTS Although no association was found between MD and distance to all industries as a whole, several industrial sectors showed significant association for some distances: "surface treatment of metals and plastic" (β = 4.98, 95%CI = (0.85; 9.12) at ≤1.5 km, and β = 3.00, 95%CI = (0.26; 5.73) at ≤2.5 km), "organic chemical industry" (β = 6.73, 95%CI = (0.50; 12.97) at ≤1.5 km), "pharmaceutical products" (β = 4.14, 95%CI = (0.58; 7.70) at ≤2 km; β = 3.55, 95%CI = (0.49; 6.60) at ≤2.5 km; and β = 3.11, 95%CI = (0.20; 6.01) at ≤3 km), and "urban waste-water treatment plants" (β = 8.06, 95%CI = (0.82; 15.30) at ≤1 km; β = 5.28; 95%CI = (0.49; 10.06) at ≤1.5 km; β = 4.30, 95%CI = (0.03; 8.57) at ≤2 km; β = 5.26, 95%CI = (1.83; 8.68) at ≤2.5 km; and β = 3.19, 95%CI = (0.46; 5.92) at ≤3 km). Moreover, significant increased MD was observed in women close to industries releasing specific pollutants: ammonia (β = 4.55, 95%CI = (0.26; 8.83) at ≤1.5 km; and β = 3.81, 95%CI = (0.49; 7.14) at ≤2 km), dichloromethane (β = 3.86, 95%CI = (0.00; 7.71) at ≤2 km), ethylbenzene (β = 8.96, 95%CI = (0.57; 17.35) at ≤3 km), and phenols (β = 2.60, 95%CI = (0.21; 5.00) at ≤2.5 km). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest no statistically significant relationship between MD and proximity to industries as a whole, although we detected associations with various industrial sectors and some specific pollutants, which suggests that MD could have a mediating role in breast carcinogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Jiménez
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Pollán
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Institute of Health), Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Alejandro Domínguez-Castillo
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Institute of Health), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pilar Lucas
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Institute of Health), Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Ángeles Sierra
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Institute of Health), Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Nerea Fernández de Larrea-Baz
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Institute of Health), Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Mario González-Sánchez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Institute of Health), Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Dolores Salas-Trejo
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain; Valencian Breast Cancer Screening Program, General Directorate of Public Health, Valencia, Spain; Center for Public Health Research CSISP, FISABIO, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Rafael Llobet
- Institute of Computer Technology, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Inmaculada Martínez
- Valencian Breast Cancer Screening Program, General Directorate of Public Health, Valencia, Spain; Center for Public Health Research CSISP, FISABIO, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Marina Nieves Pino
- Servicio de Prevención y Promoción de la Salud, Madrid Salud, Ayuntamiento de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Martínez-Cortés
- Servicio de Prevención y Promoción de la Salud, Madrid Salud, Ayuntamiento de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain; Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Institute of Health), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Virginia Lope
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Institute of Health), Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Javier García-Pérez
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Institute of Health), Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP), Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gautam P, Kumar S, Vishwakarma S, Gautam A. Synergistic optimization of electrocoagulation process parameters using response surface methodology for treatment of hazardous waste landfill leachate. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133255. [PMID: 34922959 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Leachate treatment is an essential and integral part of solid waste management system, and its efficient treatment becomes more crucial when the leachate is produced from industrial or hazardous waste landfills (HWLs), as it is multi-fold more toxic than the leachate produced from municipal solid waste landfills (MSWLs). Electrocoagulation has appeared to be a promising technology for treating complex wastewater including MSWL leachate, but specific treatability studies dedicated to HWL leachate are rarely available, and thus pose a demand for fundamental and advance research in this area to bridge the existing gap. The current study delves into systematic design of experiments to check the treatability of HWL leachate through electrocoagulation, considering reduction (maximum) in chemical oxygen demand (COD) as a response variable. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used for design of experiments and process optimization and three-dimensional surface response was also created to understand the relationship among process parameters and response variables. After extensive experimental trials and data analysis, it was observed that electrocoagulation can be used as a potential treatment technology for leachate with Galvanized Iron (GI) as preferable electrode material and it resulted up to 90% reduction in COD under optimized condition. Significant reduction in other parameters was also observed with a removal efficiency of 58.1%, 63.6%, 42.4%, 52.5%, 54.7% and 84% for cadmium, zinc, phenolic compounds, lead, TOC, and colour, respectively. The results showed that Electrocoagulation can be used as a replacement of currently practised energy extensive treatment technologies like multiple effect evaporators, which are used by landfill operators for managing their HWL leachate. The methodology and results from this research may be utilized by the researchers and operators of HWL landfills to decide the treatment trail for HWL leachate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Gautam
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India; CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India; Department of Environmental Science & Technology, Shroff S.R. Rotary Institute of Chemical Technology, UPL University of Sustainable Technology, Ankleshwar (Gujarat), 393 135, India.
| | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India.
| | - Shilpa Vishwakarma
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India; Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Guntur -Tenali Rd, Vadlamudi, Andhra Pradesh, 522 213, India
| | - Arun Gautam
- Department of Environmental Science & Technology, Shroff S.R. Rotary Institute of Chemical Technology, UPL University of Sustainable Technology, Ankleshwar (Gujarat), 393 135, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xin C, Wang J, Wang Z, Wu CH, Nawaz M, Tsai SB. Reverse logistics research of municipal hazardous waste: a literature review. ENVIRONMENT, DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY 2022; 24:1495-1531. [PMID: 34099959 PMCID: PMC8172365 DOI: 10.1007/s10668-021-01526-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The reverse logistics of municipal hazardous waste (RLMHW) have received close attention from researchers and practitioners alike, given the essential impact of safe transportation and effective management of hazardous waste on public health and environmental sustainability. There are a great number of studies in the extant literature on RLMHW, with many and diverse research topics; however, a concise and complete overview of the research works already conducted in this particular area is conspicuous by its absence. This paper strives to fill the gap through the conduct of rigorous systematic literature review of RLMHW in the past three decades, and then establish a framework of studies on RLMHW. The main contributions of this study are as follows: (1) to identify the trend of journals publishing research papers on RLMHW; (2) to extract the main topics in studies on RLMHW; (3) to locate the most popular research areas of RLMHW; (4) to summarize the methods adopted in studies on RLMHW; (5) to identify research deficiencies in certain categories of RLMHW; and (6) to establish the future research directions of RLMHW. The main implications of the study are to offer a better understanding of RLMHW by systematic crystallization of archival data in a systematic chronological order across central issues. This study contributes to scholarly debate in this field by serving as a snapshot paper to document the development of the field and gives input to policymakers in process design and policy making in the domain of RLMHW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Xin
- School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North 3rd Ring Rd. E., Chaoyang, Beijing, 100029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North 3rd Ring Rd. E., Chaoyang, Beijing, 100029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziping Wang
- Earl G. Graves School of Business and Management, Morgan State University, 1700 East Cold Spring Lane, Baltimore, MD 21251 USA
| | - Chia-Huei Wu
- Department of Hotel Management and Culinary Creativity, Minghsin University of Science and Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 304 China
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 15 North 3rd Ring Rd. E., Chaoyang, Beijing, 100029 People’s Republic of China
| | - Sang-Bing Tsai
- Regional Green Economy Development Research Center, School of Business, WUYI University, Wuyishan, 354300 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gębska-Kuczerowska A, Kucharska I, Segiet-Święcicka A, Kuczerowski M, Gajda R. Disposal of Waste from Tattoo and Beauty Parlors in Poland: A Survey-Based Analysis on Epidemiological Safety. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312673. [PMID: 34886413 PMCID: PMC8656485 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Appropriate waste management is increasingly relevant due to environmental and infectious disease transmission concerns. An anonymous observational cross-sectional study was conducted from 2013-2017 of 262 tattooists and 824 beauticians throughout Poland. Knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and compliance with blood-borne infection controls and correct waste disposal were assessed. Tattooists correctly addressed hazardous waste significantly more often than did beauticians (83.3% vs. 44.8%). Medical waste was collected by a specialist company in 90.1% of tattoo parlors and 63.3%of beauty parlors. Tattooists correctly used and disposed of sharps more frequently than beauticians (93.1% vs. 68.9%); however, 46.4% of beauticians and 12.4% of tattooists discarded waste into municipal trash, including sharps (27.1% and 2.6%, respectively). Incorrect collection and labeling of biological waste present occupational risk to waste disposal personnel. Education and instructional controls could improve health safety in this industry. Biological waste management processes are restrictive for medical services and liberal for beauty services, an industry for which they should also be applied more comprehensively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Gębska-Kuczerowska
- Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Kazimierza Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-507-037-736
| | | | - Agnieszka Segiet-Święcicka
- Faculty and Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 61, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marcin Kuczerowski
- Clinical Department of Oncological Gynecology and Obstetrics, Professor Witold Orlowski Independent Public Clinical Hospital, Czerniakowska 231, 00-416 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Robert Gajda
- Gajda-Med Medical Center, ul. Piotra Skargi 23/29, 06-100 Pułtusk, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zolnikov TR, Furio F, Cruvinel V, Richards J. A systematic review on informal waste picking: Occupational hazards and health outcomes. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 126:291-308. [PMID: 33794442 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Informal waste picking is a common way for people to earn an income, especially in low-income countries; unfortunately, there are various occupational hazards and health outcomes associated with waste picking. This study focused on comprehensively identifying and exploring occupational hazards and health outcomes associated with informal waste picking. A systematic review of available relevant and peer-reviewed literature was completed to exhaustively analyze the full scope of these hazards and outcomes associated with informal waste picking; 58 papers were included. The results from this study provided insight and information related to the most common occupational hazards and negative health outcomes associated with informal waste pickers outlined in available literature. The most common reported occupational hazards were physical (77.6%), social (70.7%), biological (65.5%), chemical and safety (53.4%), ergonomic (34.5%) and mechanic (25.9%). Health outcomes appeared to include epidermal (50.0%), communicable disease (46.6%), musculoskeletal (44.8%), respiratory disease (41.4%), non-communicable diseases (39.7%), physiological (34.5%), gastrointestinal (31.0%) and waterborne diseases (17.2%). Physical hazards were often associated with slips, trips, and falls, which makes sense because of the unstable environment where waste pickers work. Health outcomes related to these hazards included bruises, cuts, and lacerations. This information also aligns with health outcomes, as epidermal outcomes were most reported in waste pickers (50.0% of data). It is clear that moving forward, additional research related to these occupational hazards and health outcomes associated with informal waste picking is needed to help create change in this affected population, as well as finding effective solutions to mitigate these hazards and outcomes. These hazards can be mitigated by simple, common control measures, like providing safety equipment, reducing hazards from the outside environment (e.g., less time in sun, breaks, etc.), and placing barriers between waste pickers and the hazards (e.g., covered stations, flat ground, etc.) or more complex engineering, administrative or work controls. Because of the breadth of health problems faced by workers, more research is needed to correctly assess health outcomes (e.g. use of health practitioners) in waste pickers across time to ensure accurate data and a focused answer to the far-reaching problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tara Rava Zolnikov
- National University, San Diego, CA, USA; Californa Southern University, Costa Mesa, CA, USA; University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Frances Furio
- Californa Southern University, Costa Mesa, CA, USA; California State University, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Elwood M. The Scientific Basis for Occupational Exposure Limits for Hydrogen Sulphide-A Critical Commentary. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18062866. [PMID: 33799676 PMCID: PMC8001002 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Occupational exposure limits for hydrogen sulphide (H2S) vary considerably; three expert group reports, published from 2006 to 2010, each recommend different limits. Some jurisdictions are considering substantial reductions. METHODS This review assesses the scientific evidence used in these recommendations and presents a new systematic review of human studies from 2006-20, identifying 33 studies. RESULTS The three major reports all give most weight to two sets of studies: of physiological effects in human volunteers, and of effects in the nasal passages of rats and mice. The human studies were done in one laboratory over 20 years ago and give inconsistent results. The breathing style and nasal anatomy of rats and mice would make them more sensitive than humans to inhaled agents. Each expert group applied different uncertainly factors. From these reports and the further literature review, no clear evidence of detrimental health effects from chronic occupational exposures specific to H2S was found. Detailed studies of individuals in communities with natural sources in New Zealand have shown no detrimental effects. Studies in Iceland and Italy show some associations; these and various other small studies need verification. CONCLUSIONS The scientific justification for lowering occupational exposure limits is very limited. There is no clear evidence, based on currently available studies, that lower limits will protect the health of workers further than will the current exposure limits used in most countries. Further review and assessment of relevant evidence is justified before exposure limits are set.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Elwood
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland Mail Centre, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ibrahim MF, Hod R, Toha HR, Mohammed Nawi A, Idris IB, Mohd Yusoff H, Sahani M. The Impacts of Illegal Toxic Waste Dumping on Children's Health: A Review and Case Study from Pasir Gudang, Malaysia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052221. [PMID: 33668186 PMCID: PMC7956593 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Poor management of hazardous waste can lead to environmental pollution, injuries, and adverse health risks. Children’s exposure to hazardous waste may cause serious acute and chronic health problems due to their higher vulnerability to the toxic effects of chemicals. This study examines an incident of illegal chemical dumping in Pasir Gudang, Malaysia and its potential health impacts on children. The study introduced a risk assessment of possible health-related effects due to chemical contamination based on a real case scenario where quantification of the contamination was not feasible. A literature review and spatial analysis were used as research methods. On 6th March 2019, tons of hazardous waste were illegally disposed into Kim Kim River, Pasir Gudang, Malaysia. They were identified as benzene, acrolein, acrylonitrile, hydrogen chloride, methane, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, and d-limonene. As a result, 975 students in the vicinity developed signs and symptoms of respiratory disease due to the chemical poisoning. The findings of this study indicate that more effective policies and preventive actions are urgently needed to protect human health, especially children from improper hazardous waste management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Faiz Ibrahim
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.F.I.); (A.M.N.); (I.B.I.); (H.M.Y.)
- Malaysian Society for Environmental Epidemiology (MySEE), No. 41, Jalan Persiaran Taman Melati, Taman Melati, Setapak, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia; (H.R.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Rozita Hod
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.F.I.); (A.M.N.); (I.B.I.); (H.M.Y.)
- Malaysian Society for Environmental Epidemiology (MySEE), No. 41, Jalan Persiaran Taman Melati, Taman Melati, Setapak, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia; (H.R.T.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-19-607-3701
| | - Haidar Rizal Toha
- Malaysian Society for Environmental Epidemiology (MySEE), No. 41, Jalan Persiaran Taman Melati, Taman Melati, Setapak, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia; (H.R.T.); (M.S.)
- Public Health Division, Johor State Health Department, Jalan Persiaran Permai, Johor Bahru 81200, Malaysia
| | - Azmawati Mohammed Nawi
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.F.I.); (A.M.N.); (I.B.I.); (H.M.Y.)
| | - Idayu Badilla Idris
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.F.I.); (A.M.N.); (I.B.I.); (H.M.Y.)
| | - Hanizah Mohd Yusoff
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.F.I.); (A.M.N.); (I.B.I.); (H.M.Y.)
| | - Mazrura Sahani
- Malaysian Society for Environmental Epidemiology (MySEE), No. 41, Jalan Persiaran Taman Melati, Taman Melati, Setapak, Kuala Lumpur 53100, Malaysia; (H.R.T.); (M.S.)
- Center for Toxicology and Health Risk Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Nam PT, Dung NH, Oanh NK, Thu HT. Factors affecting the access to health services among waste collectors in Hanoi, Vietnam: A qualitative study. AIMS Public Health 2020; 7:478-489. [PMID: 32968672 PMCID: PMC7505791 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2020039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Waste collection is a common practice in Vietnam. In general, the working and living conditions of waste collectors are poor. Thus, they might be exposed to occupational and environmental risk factors, which affect their health or could further exacerbate their health vulnerabilities. Moreover, they have difficulties to access to health services. Objective The aim of this study was to understand factors affecting the access to health services among waste collectors in Hanoi, Vietnam. Methods The qualitative design was used for this study. A total of 30 in-depth interviews with waste collectors and 3 focused group discussions were conducted in Hanoi, Vietnam in 2017. Results Findings showed the participants considered factors that affect the access to health services among waste collectors such as geographical accessibility, the availability of health facilities, the acceptance of the quality of health services, health insurance, and affordability. Conclusions Policy makers concerned with public health and social work need to have the suitable policies in order to promote actions on the access to health services among waste collectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pham Tien Nam
- Department of Social Work, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Hanh Dung
- University of Languages and International Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Kim Oanh
- Department of Social Work, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ha Thi Thu
- Faculty of Social Work, Graduate Academy of Social Sciences, Hanoi, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
A Geographic Information System-Based Indicator of Waste Risk to Investigate the Health Impact of Landfills and Uncontrolled Dumping Sites. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165789. [PMID: 32785131 PMCID: PMC7459911 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Uncontrolled and poor waste management practices are widespread. The global health impact of hazardous waste exposure is controversial, but the excess of some diseases appears to be consistent. The Geographic Information System (GIS, ESRI Inc., Rome, Italy) method used to estimate the waste risk exposure, in an area with many illegal waste dumps and burning sites, is described. A GIS geodatabase (ESRI ArcGIS format) of waste sites’ data was built. A municipal GIS-based indicator of waste risk (Municipal Risk Index: MRI) has been computed, based on type and quantity of waste, typology of waste disposal, known or potential environmental contamination by waste and population living near waste sites. 2767 waste sites were present in an area 426 km2 large. 38% of the population lived near one or more waste sites (100 m). Illegal/uncontrolled waste dumps, including waste burning areas, constituted about 90% of all sites. The 38 investigated municipalities were categorized into 4 classes of MRI. The GIS approach identified a widespread impact of waste sites and the municipalities likely to be most exposed. The highest score of the MRI included the municipalities with the most illegal hazardous waste dumps and burning sites. The GIS-geodatabase provided information to contrast and to prosecute illegal waste trafficking and mismanagements.
Collapse
|
24
|
Tomita A, Cuadros DF, Burns JK, Tanser F, Slotow R. Exposure to waste sites and their impact on health: a panel and geospatial analysis of nationally representative data from South Africa, 2008-2015. Lancet Planet Health 2020; 4:e223-e234. [PMID: 32559439 PMCID: PMC7302423 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(20)30101-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid population growth, urbanisation, and economic development have led to an unprecedented number of waste sites in developing countries. This challenge has become a contentious international relations issue, with an unsustainable amount of waste and its health consequences often being borne by developing countries. However, little national-level evidence is available in sub-Saharan Africa to quantify the association between exposure to waste sites and health. METHODS We used panel data from the South African National Income Dynamics Study (SA-NIDS) to investigate the association between exposure to waste sites and asthma, tuberculosis, diabetes, and depression. The SA-NIDS is a panel survey of a nationally representative sample in South Africa, which includes data reporting the health status of 32 255 individuals between 2008 and 2015. The study exposure was distance of households, in km, to the nearest waste site, derived from waste site geospatial locations from the South Africa Waste Information System. FINDINGS We observed a substantial increase in exposure of households to waste sites between 2008 and 2015. The median distance between study households and waste sites decreased from 68·3 km (IQR 31·1-111·7) to 8·5 km (3·0-23·7). Residing within 5 km of a waste site was significantly associated with asthma (adjusted relative risk 1·41; 95% CI 1·20-1·64), tuberculosis (1·18; 1·02-1·36), diabetes (1·25; 1·05-1·49), and depression (1·08; 1·03-1·14). The association persisted even after controlling for multiple socioeconomic factors. INTERPRETATION We identified multiple adverse health outcomes in individuals living close to waste sites at a national level in South Africa, suggesting the need to reduce the number and size of waste sites to diminish harmful effects on health and wellbeing for communities living in close proximity to such sites. FUNDING South African Medical Research Council, South African National Treasury, and Wellcome Trust.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Tomita
- Centre for Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Diego F Cuadros
- Department of Geography and Geographic Information Science, and Health Geography and Disease Modeling Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan K Burns
- Department of Psychiatry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Frank Tanser
- School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Lincoln International Institute for Rural Health, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK; Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Rob Slotow
- Centre for Functional Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Department of Genetics, Evolution & Environment, University College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dumcke TS, Benedetti A, Selistre LDS, Camardelo AMP, Silva ERD. Association between exposure to urban waste and emotional and behavioral difficulties in schoolchildren. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
|
26
|
Dumcke TS, Benedetti A, Selistre LDS, Camardelo AMP, Silva ERD. Association between exposure to urban waste and emotional and behavioral difficulties in schoolchildren. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2020; 96:364-370. [PMID: 30817895 PMCID: PMC9432178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between living near waste recycling sites and emotional or behavioral difficulties in schoolchildren. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional study with schoolchildren aged 6-13 years old from disadvantaged communities in a Brazilian city, divided between those who live less than 100m away from the central point of the recycling site and those that live more than 150m away from the site, as a control group and classified through georeferencing. The emotional and behavioral difficulties were investigated using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire tool. Other variables were analyzed through logistic regression to determine their contribution to the outcomes. RESULTS Children living near waste recycling sites had a higher prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems than children living farther away. In the logistic regression model, no other covariates had a significant impact on the results, except for attending preschool. As expected, the families of the exposed group had lower income and lower levels of schooling, thus being characterized as a highly vulnerable population. CONCLUSION The association between living near waste recycling sites and lower test performance raises concerns about the impact of inappropriate waste management in urban centers on children's health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Sacchet Dumcke
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Alais Benedetti
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Políticas Públicas e Sociais (NEPPPS), Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil; Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS) e Programa de Pós Graduação em Direito (PPGDir), Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciano da Silva Selistre
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Paim Camardelo
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Políticas Públicas e Sociais (NEPPPS), Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil; Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS) e Programa de Pós Graduação em Direito (PPGDir), Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Emerson Rodrigues da Silva
- Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Herrero M, Rovira J, Marquès M, Nadal M, Domingo JL. Human exposure to trace elements and PCDD/Fs around a hazardous waste landfill in Catalonia (Spain). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 710:136313. [PMID: 31923676 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hazardous waste landfills (HWLs) usually mean the end of non-reusable, non-recyclable and non-recoverable wastes derived from industrial activities. A number of hazardous compounds and toxic elements, such as PCDD/Fs, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb and As, is associated to these wastes. The HWL of Castellolí (Catalonia, Spain) treats a variety of hazardous wastes, which include bottom ashes from waste incinerators and asbestos potentially containing those toxicants. In 2007, our group began a surveillance program inside the HWL and in nearby villages focused on assessing the environmental levels of PCDD/Fs and toxic elements. Here we summarize the most updated results, corresponding to data from samples collected between 2015 and 2018. The levels of most trace elements (As, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb) in soils, as well as those of Cd and Pb in air, were significantly higher (p < 0.01) inside the HWL than outside. However, no relevant differences were noted in the concentrations of trace elements when comparing the results of villages near the HWL with those located farther. With respect to PCDD/Fs, a progressive decrease was observed between the first (2007) and most recent (2018) surveys. The human health risks associated with the exposure to trace elements and PCDD/Fs exposure were within acceptable ranges according to national and international legislations (HQ < 1 and Cancer risk < 10-5).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Herrero
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joaquim Rovira
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Montse Marquès
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Martí Nadal
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - José L Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wendel AM, Somers TS, Freed J, Hall E. Choose Safe Places for Early Care and Education: Building State Programs. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2019; 82:40-42. [PMID: 31777406 PMCID: PMC6880935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elisha Hall
- Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Schenk EC. Environmental Stewardship in Nursing: Introducing the “WE ACT–PLEASE” Framework. Creat Nurs 2019; 25:222-231. [DOI: 10.1891/1078-4535.25.3.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This article introduces a framework for environmental stewardship in nursing practice, the WE ACT-PLEASE framework. The framework describes five content domains of pollution from health-care sources: Waste, Energy/water, Agriculture/food, Chemicals, and Transportation (WE ACT). It identifies six key professional elements: Professional Obligation, Leadership, Education, Accountability, Science, and Engagement (PLEASE). The framework is positioned within a global context of planetary health and planetary-level environmental harm. The framework image includes directional arrows, pointing nurses toward environmentally safe and healthy practice, decreasing pollution and planetary-level disruptions such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and resource depletion. This framework provides structure and guidance to help nurses decrease harm from practice, meet professional obligations, and create a healthier world.
Collapse
|
30
|
Proposal for Planning an Integrated Management of Hazardous Waste: Chemical Park, Jiangsu Province, China. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11102846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study elucidates the current state of hazardous waste management in industrial parks with a particular focus on Jiangsu Province. The development of the Internet of Things and big data technology has encouraged the application of intelligent technologies for hazardous waste management. However, the concept of considering each chemical park as a large enterprise have been suggested to reduce potential risks from the transportation of hazardous waste, help local environmental protection departments intuitively understand the position of park administrators, and to realize cyclic utilization of hazardous waste resources. We propose integrated management of hazardous waste at the chemical park level. In this study, principles such as integrated closed management, data unification, clustering management, and intelligent technologies were introduced for hazardous waste management in chemical parks. Additionally, potential approaches, such as a unified environmental butler service, an intelligent standard box system, and system optimization scenarios, are proposed and comprehensively explained. These approaches are likely to enable informed, structured, comprehensive, and interdisciplinary management of hazardous waste not only in chemical parks but also in industrial parks in general in the future.
Collapse
|
31
|
Cruvinel VRN, Marques CP, Cardoso V, Novaes MRCG, Araújo WN, Angulo-Tuesta A, Escalda PMF, Galato D, Brito P, da Silva EN. Health conditions and occupational risks in a novel group: waste pickers in the largest open garbage dump in Latin America. BMC Public Health 2019. [PMID: 31096940 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6879-x/tables/2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inadequate management of solid waste impacts populations' health and quality of life, and disproportionately affects developing countries. This study aims to describe a protocol for epidemiological diagnosis, the purpose being to estimate the prevalence of chronic and communicable and non communicable diseases in waste pickers, and the occupational and environmental risk factors to which these are exposed. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study, based on survey design in an area of extreme social vulnerability - the largest garbage dump in Latin America. Using a multidimensional research protocol, divided in three stages: 1- The identification of the subjects, and the scheduling of tests; 2- Situational diagnosis through interviews, anthropometric evaluation, measuring blood pressure, collecting hair and nail samples to detect exposure to heavy metals and undertaking laboratory tests; 3- The return of the waste pickers to receive the test results, followed by referral to the health team and to report occupational accidents. RESULTS One thousand twenty-five waste pickers undertook tests and interviews. The majority were women (67.0%), with 36-45 years old (45.7%), and 96.0% had children. In total, 27.3% of the participants did not attend to any school and 47.7% were educated only up to primary level. The majority of waste pickers (68.70%) reported accidents and most of them (89.69%) were related to sharp objects. The mean time working in this open dump was 15 years. According the anthropometric measure, 32.6% were overweight and 21.1% were obese. The most common reported diseases were: osteomuscular disorders (78.7%); arboviruses (28.6%); episodic diarrhea (24.9%); hypertension (24.2%); bronchitis (14.3%); intestinal worms (12.6%) and diabetes (10.1%). According to the blood tests, the values outside the reference limits were: Uric acid (23.89%); creatinine (54.06%); GGT range (16.04%); SGOT - Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (5.29%); SGPT - serum Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase (35.52%). CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to evaluate multiple risks and diseases in the majority of waste pickers working in the largest garbage dump of a continent. These findings highlight the importance to address urgently the environmental, social and health impacts related to the management of solid waste in developmental countries to protect these workers and their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vanessa Cardoso
- School of Health Sciences and State Secretariat of Health of the Federal District, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Dayani Galato
- University of Brasília, Faculty of Ceilandia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Petruza Brito
- School of Health Sciences and State Secretariat of Health of the Federal District, Brasília, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cruvinel VRN, Marques CP, Cardoso V, Novaes MRCG, Araújo WN, Angulo-Tuesta A, Escalda PMF, Galato D, Brito P, da Silva EN. Health conditions and occupational risks in a novel group: waste pickers in the largest open garbage dump in Latin America. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:581. [PMID: 31096940 PMCID: PMC6521552 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6879-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inadequate management of solid waste impacts populations' health and quality of life, and disproportionately affects developing countries. This study aims to describe a protocol for epidemiological diagnosis, the purpose being to estimate the prevalence of chronic and communicable and non communicable diseases in waste pickers, and the occupational and environmental risk factors to which these are exposed. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study, based on survey design in an area of extreme social vulnerability - the largest garbage dump in Latin America. Using a multidimensional research protocol, divided in three stages: 1- The identification of the subjects, and the scheduling of tests; 2- Situational diagnosis through interviews, anthropometric evaluation, measuring blood pressure, collecting hair and nail samples to detect exposure to heavy metals and undertaking laboratory tests; 3- The return of the waste pickers to receive the test results, followed by referral to the health team and to report occupational accidents. RESULTS One thousand twenty-five waste pickers undertook tests and interviews. The majority were women (67.0%), with 36-45 years old (45.7%), and 96.0% had children. In total, 27.3% of the participants did not attend to any school and 47.7% were educated only up to primary level. The majority of waste pickers (68.70%) reported accidents and most of them (89.69%) were related to sharp objects. The mean time working in this open dump was 15 years. According the anthropometric measure, 32.6% were overweight and 21.1% were obese. The most common reported diseases were: osteomuscular disorders (78.7%); arboviruses (28.6%); episodic diarrhea (24.9%); hypertension (24.2%); bronchitis (14.3%); intestinal worms (12.6%) and diabetes (10.1%). According to the blood tests, the values outside the reference limits were: Uric acid (23.89%); creatinine (54.06%); GGT range (16.04%); SGOT - Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (5.29%); SGPT - serum Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase (35.52%). CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to evaluate multiple risks and diseases in the majority of waste pickers working in the largest garbage dump of a continent. These findings highlight the importance to address urgently the environmental, social and health impacts related to the management of solid waste in developmental countries to protect these workers and their families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vanessa Cardoso
- School of Health Sciences and State Secretariat of Health of the Federal District, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Dayani Galato
- University of Brasília, Faculty of Ceilandia, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Petruza Brito
- School of Health Sciences and State Secretariat of Health of the Federal District, Brasília, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
McIntyre E, Prior J, Connon ILC, Adams J, Madden B. Sociodemographic predictors of residents worry about contaminated sites. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 643:1623-1630. [PMID: 30189578 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The management and remediation of contaminated environments increasingly involves engagement with affected local residents. Of late, risk communication tools and guidelines have drawn attention to the stress and concern of residents as a result of heightened awareness of localised contamination and the need to address these less visible impacts of contamination when engaging with affected communities. Despite this emerging focus, there is an absence of research exploring the factors that predict resident worry about neighbourhood contamination. This paper aims to address this shortcoming by drawing on data from a cross-sectional survey of 2009 adult residents in neighbourhoods near 13 contaminated sites across Australia. Analyses used ordered logistic regression to determine the sociodemographic, environmental, and knowledge-based factors that influence residents' degree of worry. The findings suggest age, gender and income significantly affect residents' degree of worry. Being knowledgeable about the contaminant was associated with lower degrees of worry. Conversely, having a stronger sense of place within a neighbourhood predicted higher degrees of worry. Type of contaminant also impacted resident worry, with residents being less likely to worry about hydrocarbon, asbestos and waste than other types of contaminants. Our analyses suggest resident worry can be reduced through improving access to accurate information and the development of specific risk reduction strategies tailored to each neighbourhood and aimed at the heterogeneous distribution of worry amongst residential populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica McIntyre
- University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Health, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Jason Prior
- University of Technology Sydney, Institute for Sustainable Futures, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.
| | - Irena L C Connon
- University of Technology Sydney, Institute for Sustainable Futures, Ultimo, NSW, Australia; University of Dundee, Dundee, Discipline of Geography, School of Social Science, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; University of Dundee, Dundee, Centre for Environmental Change and Human Resilience, School of Social Science, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Jon Adams
- University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Health, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Ben Madden
- University of Technology Sydney, Institute for Sustainable Futures, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|