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Kulakova E, Uesekes B, Hellmann-Regen J, Spitzer C, Kuehl LK, Otte C, Wingenfeld K. Adipokines in depressed women with and without adverse childhood experiences. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 164:107026. [PMID: 38507869 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) elevate the risk of both major depressive disorder (MDD) and metabolic diseases. The underlying pathophysiology might include alterations of adipokine levels as a consequence of ACE. In this study, we used a full-factorial design to investigate the levels of select adipokines in women with ACE-only (n = 23), MDD-only (n = 27), ACE+MDD (n = 25) and healthy controls (HC, n = 29) to identify metabolic makers associated with vulnerability and resilience of developing MDD after ACE exposure. METHODS Serum levels of adiponectin, leptin, adiponectin-to-leptin (A/L) ratio, and retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Adiponectin levels did not differ between groups. Individuals with vs. without MDD showed higher leptin serum concentrations. As predicted, A/L ratio indicated lower values in individuals with vs. without ACE. RBP4 showed a more nuanced pattern with reduced levels in the ACE-only and MDD-only groups compared to HC. Furthermore, the ACE-only group showed lower RBP4 concentrations compared to ACE+MDD. These results were not accounted by BMI or medication status. CONCLUSION Our results do not support the utility of adiponectin and leptin as predictors of vulnerability or resilience of developing MDD after ACE. In contrast, RBP4 might play a role in resilience towards the development of MDD following ACE. Further research on this more recently discovered adipokine seems warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Kulakova
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Partner Site Berlin, Germany.
| | - Berk Uesekes
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Hellmann-Regen
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Spitzer
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Linn K Kuehl
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, MSB Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Otte
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
| | - Katja Wingenfeld
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; DZPG (German Center for Mental Health), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
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Tyczyńska M, Hunek G, Szczasny M, Brachet A, Januszewski J, Forma A, Portincasa P, Flieger J, Baj J. Supplementation of Micro- and Macronutrients-A Role of Nutritional Status in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4916. [PMID: 38732128 PMCID: PMC11085010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition in which the pathological cumulation of fat with coexisting inflammation and damage of hepatic cells leads to progressive dysfunctions of the liver. Except for the commonly well-known major causes of NAFLD such as obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, or diabetes, an unbalanced diet and imbalanced nutritional status should also be taken into consideration. In this narrative review, we summarized the current knowledge regarding the micro- and macronutrient status of patients suffering from NAFLD considering various diets and supplementation of chosen supplements. We aimed to summarize the knowledge indicating which nutritional impairments may be associated with the onset and progression of NAFLD at the same time evaluating the potential therapy targets that could facilitate the healing process. Except for the above-mentioned objectives, one of the most important aspects of this review was to highlight the possible strategies for taking care of NAFLD patients taking into account the challenges and opportunities associated with the micronutrient status of the patients. The current research indicates that a supplementation of chosen vitamins (e.g., vitamin A, B complex, C, or D) as well as chosen elements such as zinc may alleviate the symptoms of NAFLD. However, there is still a lack of sufficient data regarding healthy ranges of dosages; thus, further research is of high importance in this matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Tyczyńska
- Department of Correct, Clinical and Imaging Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Gabriela Hunek
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (G.H.); (A.B.)
| | - Martyna Szczasny
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.); (J.J.)
| | - Adam Brachet
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (G.H.); (A.B.)
| | - Jacek Januszewski
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.); (J.J.)
| | - Alicja Forma
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (G.H.); (A.B.)
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jacek Baj
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (M.S.); (J.J.)
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Tan X, Zhang H, Liu L, Yu Z, Liu X, Cui L, Chen Y, Zhang H, Gao Z, Zhao Z. The association between retinol-binding protein 4 and risk of type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:1053-1063. [PMID: 36987736 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2196396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) was controversially associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This meta-analysis aimed at evaluating the association between RBP4 level and T2DM risk. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched to identify relevant studies up to 3 December 2022. Random effects model was used to pool multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Publication bias was estimated by Funnel plot and Egger's test, it was considered to be significant when P < 0.05. Eight studies including 8087 participants were finally included. Compared to those with the lowest level, subjects with the highest level of RBP4 have a higher risk of T2DM (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.16-1.78, P < 0.001, I2 = 86.9%). No publication bias among the included studies was found (t = 0.94, P = 0.377). This meta-analysis indicated that high RBP4 level was associated with increasing risk of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Tan
- School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Han Zhang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Limin Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zengli Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lingling Cui
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhan Gao
- Department of gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zijian Zhao
- School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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4
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Oluwamodupe C, Adeleye AO. Targeting Retinol-Binding Protein 4 (RBP4) in the Management of Cardiometabolic Diseases. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2023; 23:285-294. [PMID: 37587250 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-023-09803-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The ancient use of herbs for the treatment of various human diseases have been documented, with several scientific literatures supporting the use of medicinal plants. There is however a major concern about the phyto-constituents in the plants that performs the healing function and the mechanism by which it works for different ailments are still a research prospect. Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) is no doubt becoming more frequent globally and this is due to poor approach in therapy, contrary effects linked with intensive control, inept strategies with old drugs, inadequate control of some risk factors and lack of knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms that lead to this malaise. Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) are predominantly secreted in the liver and adipose tissues and several researches have observed that elevation in serum levels of RBP4 often observed in obese experimental animals and human subjects causes CMD (obesity, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, etc.). RBP4 has gained special attention in the last 20 years in the field of metabolism research. This review aims to show research interaction of some medicinal plants targeting RBP4 in treating CMD and to encourage researchers, who are interested in CMD drug design, to focus on medicinal plants that inhibit the secretion of serum RBP4 in the adipose tissue for therapeutic approach to CMD. It also aims to identify the major bioactive compounds of plants that serves as a better and cheaper drug candidate for CMD and also study the signaling pathway which the plant material uses to regulate the metabolic consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Oluwamodupe
- Department of Chemical Sciences (Biochemistry Program), Olusegun Agagu University of Science and Technology, P. M. B. 353, Okitipupa, Nigeria.
| | - Adesola Oluwaseun Adeleye
- Department of Chemical Sciences (Biochemistry Program), Olusegun Agagu University of Science and Technology, P. M. B. 353, Okitipupa, Nigeria
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5
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Fu X, Wang Y, Zhao F, Cui R, Xie W, Liu Q, Yang W. Shared biological mechanisms of depression and obesity: focus on adipokines and lipokines. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:5917-5950. [PMID: 37387537 PMCID: PMC10333059 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Depression and obesity are both common disorders currently affecting public health, frequently occurring simultaneously within individuals, and the relationship between these disorders is bidirectional. The association between obesity and depression is highly co-morbid and tends to significantly exacerbate metabolic and related depressive symptoms. However, the neural mechanism under the mutual control of obesity and depression is largely inscrutable. This review focuses particularly on alterations in systems that may mechanistically explain the in vivo homeostatic regulation of the obesity and depression link, such as immune-inflammatory activation, gut microbiota, neuroplasticity, HPA axis dysregulation as well as neuroendocrine regulators of energy metabolism including adipocytokines and lipokines. In addition, the review summarizes potential and future treatments for obesity and depression and raises several questions that need to be answered in future research. This review will provide a comprehensive description and localization of the biological connection between obesity and depression to better understand the co-morbidity of obesity and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Yicun Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Fangyi Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xie
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P.R. China
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Qin L, Wu J, Sun X, Huang X, Huang W, Weng C, Cai J. The regulatory role of metabolic organ-secreted factors in the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1119005. [PMID: 37180779 PMCID: PMC10169694 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1119005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by an excessive accumulation of fat in the liver, which is becoming a major global health problem, affecting about a quarter of the population. In the past decade, mounting studies have found that 25%-40% of NAFLD patients have cardiovascular disease (CVD), and CVD is one of the leading causes of death in these subjects. However, it has not attracted enough awareness and emphasis from clinicians, and the underlying mechanisms of CVD in NAFLD patients remain unclear. Available research reveals that inflammation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and glucose and lipid metabolism disorders play indispensable roles in the pathogenesis of CVD in NAFLD. Notably, emerging evidence indicates that metabolic organ-secreted factors, including hepatokines, adipokines, cytokines, extracellular vesicles, and gut-derived factors, are also involved in the occurrence and development of metabolic disease and CVD. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on the role of metabolic organ-secreted factors in NAFLD and CVD. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the relationship between metabolic organ-secreted factors and NAFLD as well as CVD, which is beneficial for clinicians to comprehensive and detailed understanding of the association between both diseases and strengthen management to improve adverse cardiovascular prognosis and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chunyan Weng
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Al-Fartosy AJM, Nabi Awad NA, Hussein Mohammed A. Evaluating the clinical significance of RBP4, PAI-1, and some trace elements in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. BIONATURA 2023. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2023.08.01.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess and compare clinical, hormonal, and metabolic factors with blood levels of RBP4, PAI-1, and trace elements in women with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). A cross-sectional clinical investigation was undertaken. From December 2020 until January 2022, samples were taken at the Basrah Hospital for Obstetrics and Children's infertility center. Significant changes (p< 0.05) were in HOMA-IR, E2 and Ts. Levels of PAI-1, RBP4, AMH, LH, LH/FSH, PRL and Cu were significantly (p<0.01) increased, and levels of Se, Zn, Mg and E2/T were significantly (p<0.01) decreased, between the patient (1o PCOS and 2o PCOS) and control groups, the QUICKI level did not differ significantly (p>0.05). Compared to the control group, FSH levels were especially (p<0.05) higher in non-obese PCOS patients and lower in obese PCOS patients. Area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve (AUC) results indicate RBP4 and PAI-1 may be more effective predictors biomarkers for PCOS in expectant women. While trace elements might be considered a protective factor in the emergence of PCOS, metabolic abnormalities and IR in PCOS-affected individuals are associated with the levels of RBP4 and PAI-1, which appear to be a more acceptable diagnostic marker in the early prediction of PCOS.
Keywords: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, RBP4, PAI-1, Trace elements.
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Yao JM, Ying HZ, Zhang HH, Qiu FS, Wu JQ, Yu CH. Exosomal RBP4 potentiated hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation in high-fat-diet-fed mice by promoting M1 polarization of Kupffer cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 195:58-73. [PMID: 36572267 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes containing various biological cargoes have potential to be novel diagnostic biomarkers for metabolic diseases. In this study, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) was found to be enriched in serum exosomes, and its increased levels could be considered as an independent risk factor for the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Exosomal RBP4 (exo-RBP4), primarily derived from hepatocytes, significantly enhanced the M1-like polarization of Kupffer cells (KCs) via promoting the activation of NOX2 and NF-κB and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, resulting in the over-production of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α. Subsequently, those excess cytokines remarkably increased the levels of intracellular free fatty acid uptake and lipogenesis-related genes (FAS and SREBP-1c) but decreased fatty acid degradation-related genes (CPT-1 and PPARα) in palmitic acid-treated LO2 cells. More notably, TNF-α significantly elevated RBP4 transcription by activating STAT3 in hepatocytes, playing a positive role in NAFLD development. Intravenous injection with RBP4 (50 μg/kg) potentiated hepatic lipid accumulation, M1-type KC proportion, and serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the hepatic tissues of high-fat-diet-fed mice. Collectively, these data indicated that exo-RBP4 converted KCs to M1 subtype by mediating the NOX2/ROS/NF-κB pathway, subsequently promoting de novo lipogenesis in hepatocytes by TNF-α secretion to activate the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Therefore, this study uncovered a novel intercellular communication between the inflammatory microenvironment and lipid metabolism for fostering NAFLD progression and found the potential of exo-RBP4 as a novel diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Mei Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Hua-Zhong Ying
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animal's & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Huan-Huan Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animal's & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China
| | - Fen-Sheng Qiu
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animal's & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, China; Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310018, China; Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Jun-Qi Wu
- Clinical Laboratory, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital Medical Group, Jinhua, 321000, China
| | - Chen-Huan Yu
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310018, China; Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, 310022, China; Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, 310014, China.
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Hu R, Yang X, He X, Song G. The relationship between NAFLD and retinol-binding protein 4 - an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:8. [PMID: 36670387 PMCID: PMC9862531 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01771-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) has been considered to be related to metabolic related diseases, such as hyperuricemia, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. However, whether nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to RBP4 is unclear. Previous studies on the relationship between NAFLD and RBP4 levels have yielded inconsistent results. Hence, this meta-analysis was aimed to clarify whether circulating RBP4 levels are in relation to the risk of NAFLD. METHODS A meta-analysis was performed by applying observational studies to evaluate circulating RBP4 levels and NAFLD. Eligible studies published up to September 23, 2022, were searched in Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane databases. RESULTS In this study, 17 cross-sectional studies involving 8423 participants were included. Results from a random effects model showed that circulating RBP4 levels were higher in NAFLD patients than non-NAFLD (standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.28; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.11-0.46, I2: 89.8%). This association was confirmed in the Yellow race. However, no significant association was noted in the Caucasian race. After excluding the morbidly obese Population from the weight loss study (n = 2), the results of the comparison remained largely unchanged (SMD 0.28; 95% CI: 0.10-0.47, I2: 90.8%). Remarkable publication bias was not found. Although considerable heterogeneity was observed among the studies, no potential sources of heterogeneity were found in the subgroup analysis. Diagnostic methods for NAFLD were determined to be a potential source of statistical heterogeneity in meta-regression. CONCLUSION The findings provide evidence that NAFLD patients exhibit higher levels of circulating RBP4 compared with controls, but high heterogeneity was observed. Thus, a high RBP4 level is probably a potential risk factor for NAFLD. To confirm the causal link between NAFLD and RBP4 level of causality, further prospective cohort studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hu
- grid.256883.20000 0004 1760 8442Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017 Hebei People’s Republic of China ,grid.440208.a0000 0004 1757 9805Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051 Hebei People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyue Yang
- grid.256883.20000 0004 1760 8442Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017 Hebei People’s Republic of China ,grid.440208.a0000 0004 1757 9805Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051 Hebei People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu He
- grid.256883.20000 0004 1760 8442Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017 Hebei People’s Republic of China ,grid.440208.a0000 0004 1757 9805Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051 Hebei People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangyao Song
- Endocrinology Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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Adipokines in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Are We on the Road toward New Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets? BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11081237. [PMID: 36009862 PMCID: PMC9405285 DOI: 10.3390/biology11081237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an unmet medical need due to its increasingly high incidence, severe clinical consequences, and the absence of feasible diagnostic tools and effective drugs. This review summarizes the preclinical and clinical data on adipokines, cytokine-like hormones secreted by adipose tissue, and NAFLD. The aim is to establish the potential of adipokines as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as their potential as therapeutic targets for NAFLD. The limitations of current research are also discussed, and future perspectives are outlined. Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the major cause of chronic hepatic illness and the leading indication for liver transplantation in the future decades. NAFLD is also commonly associated with other high-incident non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular complications, type 2 diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. Aggravating the socio-economic impact of this complex pathology, routinely feasible diagnostic methodologies and effective drugs for NAFLD management are unavailable. The pathophysiology of NAFLD, recently defined as metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is correlated with abnormal adipose tissue–liver axis communication because obesity-associated white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation and metabolic dysfunction prompt hepatic insulin resistance (IR), lipid accumulation (steatosis), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and fibrosis. Accumulating evidence links adipokines, cytokine-like hormones secreted by adipose tissue that have immunometabolic activity, with NAFLD pathogenesis and progression; however, much uncertainty still exists. Here, the current knowledge on the roles of leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, resistin, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), visfatin, chemerin, and adipocyte fatty-acid-binding protein (AFABP) in NAFLD, taken from preclinical to clinical studies, is overviewed. The effect of therapeutic interventions on adipokines’ circulating levels are also covered. Finally, future directions to address the potential of adipokines as therapeutic targets and disease biomarkers for NAFLD are discussed.
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Karamfilova V, Gateva A, Alexiev A, Zheleva N, Velikova T, Ivanova-Boyanova R, Ivanova R, Cherkezov N, Kamenov Z, Mateva L. The association between retinol-binding protein 4 and prediabetes in obese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:217-222. [PMID: 31588816 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1673429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is associated with visceral fat and insulin resistance (IR) in obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but some of these data remain controversial. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the relationship between serum RBP4 levels and prediabetes in obese patients with NAFLD. METHODS A total of 79 obese NAFLD patients without (n = 41) and with prediabetes (n = 38) were included. Serum RBP4 was measured using ELISA method. RESULTS Higher RBP4 serum levels were observed in patients with prediabetes, metabolic syndrome (MetS), or dyslipidaemia. There was correlation between RBP4 levels and visceral adiposity index (VAI), glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and Quicki index. RBP4 ≥ 61 mcg/ml have about 3.5-fold higher risk of prediabetes (OR 3.544, 95% CI 1.385-9.072, p=.008), and RBP4 ≥ 55 mcg/ml increased the risk for MetS approximately 3.1 times. CONCLUSIONS RBP4 is associated with increased risk for prediabetes and MetS in obese patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Karamfilova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Endocrinology, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University - Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Antoaneta Gateva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Endocrinology, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University - Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Asen Alexiev
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Gastroenterology, University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Medical University - Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nadejda Zheleva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Gastroenterology, University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Medical University - Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Tsvetelina Velikova
- Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Lozenetz, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Radina Ivanova-Boyanova
- Department of Endocrinology, Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Medical University - Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Raya Ivanova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Cardiology, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University - Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nikolay Cherkezov
- Medical student, Medical Faculty, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Zdravko Kamenov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Endocrinology, University Hospital "Alexandrovska", Medical University - Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ludmila Mateva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Gastroenterology, University Hospital "St. Ivan Rilski", Medical University - Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
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12
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Kim N, Priefer R. Retinol binding protein 4 antagonists and protein synthesis inhibitors: Potential for therapeutic development. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 226:113856. [PMID: 34547506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is a serum protein that transports Vitamin A. RBP4 is correlated with numerous diseases and metabolic syndromes, including insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and macular degeneration. Recently, RBP4 antagonists and protein synthesis inhibitors are under development to regulate the effect of RBP4. Several RBP4 antagonists, especially BPN-14136, have demonstrated promising safety profiles and potential therapeutic benefits in animal studies. Two RBP4 antagonists, specifically tinlarebant (Belite Bio) and STG-001 (Stargazer) are currently undergoing clinical trials. Some antidiabetic drugs and nutraceuticals have been reported to reduce RBP4 expression, but more clinical data is needed to evaluate their therapeutical benefits. As regulating RBP4 levels or its activities would benefit a wide range of patients, further research is highly recommended to develop clinically useful RBP4 antagonists or protein synthesis inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noheul Kim
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ronny Priefer
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences University, Boston, MA, USA.
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13
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Gopal T, Ai W, Casey CA, Donohue TM, Saraswathi V. A review of the role of ethanol-induced adipose tissue dysfunction in alcohol-associated liver disease. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:1927-1939. [PMID: 34558087 PMCID: PMC9153937 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol-associated liver disease (AALD) encompasses a spectrum of liver diseases that includes simple steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. The adverse effects of alcohol in liver and the mechanisms by which ethanol (EtOH) promotes liver injury are well studied. Although liver is known to be the primary organ affected by EtOH exposure, alcohol's effects on other organs are also known to contribute significantly to the development of liver injury. It is becoming increasingly evident that adipose tissue (AT) is an important site of EtOH action. Both AT storage and secretory functions are altered by EtOH. For example, AT lipolysis, stimulated by EtOH, contributes to chronic alcohol-induced hepatic steatosis. Adipocytes secrete a wide variety of biologically active molecules known as adipokines. EtOH alters the secretion of these adipokines from AT, which include cytokines and chemokines that exert paracrine effects in liver. In addition, the level of EtOH-metabolizing enzymes, in particular, CYP2E1, rises in the AT of EtOH-fed mice, which promotes oxidative stress and/or inflammation in AT. Thus, AT dysfunction characterized by increased AT lipolysis and free fatty acid mobilization and altered secretion of adipokines can contribute to the severity of AALD. Of note, moderate EtOH exposure results in AT browning and activation of brown adipose tissue which, in turn, can promote thermogenesis. In this review article, we discuss the direct effects of EtOH consumption in AT and the mechanisms by which EtOH impacts the functions of AT, which, in turn, increases the severity of AALD in animal models and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiyagarajan Gopal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Divisions of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE
| | - Weilun Ai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Divisions of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE
| | - Carol A. Casey
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE
| | - Terrence M. Donohue
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE
| | - Viswanathan Saraswathi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Divisions of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE
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14
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Norouzpour M, Marandi SM, Ghanbarzadeh M, Zare Maivan A. The effect of combined exercises on the plasma levels of retinol-binding protein 4 and its relationship with insulin resistance and hepatic fat content in postmenopausal women with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 62:684-690. [PMID: 33871240 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12233-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests increased serum levels of retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) in postmenopausal women with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study investigated the effect of combined exercises on the plasma levels of RBP4 and its relationship with insulin resistance and hepatic fat content in these women. METHODS This quasi-experimental study randomly assigned 24 women with fatty liver and a mean age of 56.18±4.58 years to an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group participated in ten-week incremental endurance-resistance training as combined exercises three sessions a week. Fatty liver was diagnosed with ultrasound, RBP4 levels were measured and insulin resistance was determined using the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Between-group data were analyzed using ANCOVA, within-group data using the dependent t-test and Wilcoxon test and relationships between RBP4 and variables using Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients. RESULTS Ten weeks of combined exercises significantly decreased RBP4 levels (P=0.000), HOMA-IR (P=0.011) and hepatic fat levels (P=0.000) in the experimental group compared to in the controls. The posttest showed significant correlations between RBP4 levels and hepatic fat levels (P=0.002) and no correlations between RBP4 levels and insulin resistance (P=0.116). CONCLUSIONS Combined exercises significantly reduced serum levels of RBP4 in postmenopausal women with fatty liver. RBP4 was not related to insulin resistance and effects of RBP4 on hepatic fat regulation were independent of the effects of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Norouzpour
- Exercise Physiology Department, Sport Sciences Faculty, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sayed M Marandi
- Exercise Physiology Department, Sport Sciences Faculty, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran -
| | - Mohsen Ghanbarzadeh
- Exercise Physiology Department, Sport Sciences Faculty, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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15
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Kucukoglu O, Sowa JP, Mazzolini GD, Syn WK, Canbay A. Hepatokines and adipokines in NASH-related hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2021; 74:442-457. [PMID: 33161047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing in industrialised societies; this is likely secondary to the increasing burden of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), its progressive form non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and the metabolic syndrome. Cumulative studies suggest that NAFLD-related HCC may also develop in non-cirrhotic livers. However, prognosis and survival do not differ between NAFLD- or virus-associated HCC. Thus, research has increasingly focused on NAFLD-related risk factors to better understand the biology of hepatocarcinogenesis and to develop new diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic strategies. One important aspect thereof is the role of hepatokines and adipokines in NAFLD/NASH-related HCC. In this review, we compile current data supporting the use of hepatokines and adipokines as potential markers of disease progression in NAFLD or as early markers of NAFLD-related HCC. While much work must be done to elucidate the mechanisms and interactions underlying alterations to hepatokines and adipokines, current data support the possible utility of these factors - in particular, angiopoietin-like proteins, fibroblast growth factors, and apelin - for detection or even as therapeutic targets in NAFLD-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Kucukoglu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jan-Peter Sowa
- Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany
| | - Guillermo Daniel Mazzolini
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional, CONICET-Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires 999071, Argentina; Liver Unit, Hospital Universitario Austral, Universidad Austral, Argentina
| | - Wing-Kin Syn
- Section of Gastroenterology, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Ali Canbay
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany.
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16
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Wang X, Chen X, Zhang H, Pang J, Lin J, Xu X, Yang L, Ma J, Ling W, Chen Y. Circulating retinol-binding protein 4 is associated with the development and regression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2020; 46:119-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Tsai YL, Liu CW, Huang SF, Yang YY, Lin MW, Huang CC, Li TH, Huang YH, Hou MC, Lin HC. Urinary fatty acid and retinol binding protein-4 predict CKD progression in severe NAFLD patients with hypertension: 4-year study with clinical and experimental approaches. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e18626. [PMID: 31914044 PMCID: PMC6959901 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of the chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression can begin early intervention to improve the prognosis of severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This bi-directional cross-sectional study evaluates the roles of fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) and retinol binding protein (RBP4), which are produced from inflamed liver, adipose tissue and immune cells, for the prediction of CKD progression in severe NAFLD. Ninety severe NAFLD patients with hypertension and proteinuria (NAFLDHTN) were enrolled and divided into CKD (n = 39) and non-CKD groups (n = 51). Among 39 NAFLDHTN patients, 18 cases were categorized as CKD progression group. In comparison with CKD stable group (n = 21), the positive correlation between fold change values of hepatic fibrotic score (KPa), urinary FABP4 or urinary RBP4 versus severity of albuminuria were noted among CKD progression group. On multivariate analysis, high body mass index (BMI, >25 kg/m), high hepatic fibrosis score (>9.5 KPa), high urinary level of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1, >2239 μg/g cr), high urinary level of FABP4 (>115 ng/g cr) and high urinary level of RBP4 (>33.5 mg/g cr) are 5 independent predictors for progressive CKD during 24 months of follow-up. Synergetic effect was noted among these 5 risk factors for the prediction of CKD progression in NAFLDHTN patients. The in vitro experiments revealed that both FABP4 and RBP4 directly enhanced albumin-induced ER stress and apoptosis of human renal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 cells and human podocytes cell lines. Through clinical and experimental approaches, this study revealed new 5 synergetic predictors including high BMI, hepatic fibrosis score, urinary level of VCAM-1, urinary level of FABP4 and RBP4, for the CKD progression in severe NAFLD patients with hypertension and proteinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lien Tsai
- Department of Medicine
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Chih-Wei Liu
- Division of Allergy and Immunology
- Department of Medicine
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Shiang-Fen Huang
- Division of Infection
- Department of Medicine
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Ying-Ying Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Division of General Medicine
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei
- Division of clinical skills training center, Department of medical education, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Wei Lin
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Institute of public Health
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Chia-Chang Huang
- Department of Medicine
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Tzu-Hao Li
- Division of Allergy and Immunology
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei
- Chia-Yi Branch of Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Chiayi
| | - Yi-Hsiang Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Department of Medicine
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Ming-Chih Hou
- Department of Medicine
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei
| | - Han-Chieh Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei
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18
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Kong Y, Zhang S, Wu R, Su X, Peng D, Zhao M, Su Y. New insights into different adipokines in linking the pathophysiology of obesity and psoriasis. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:171. [PMID: 31521168 PMCID: PMC6745073 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, systemic, hyper-proliferative immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease. The results of epidemiological investigations have shown that psoriasis affects around 2% of the general population worldwide, and the total number of psoriasis patients is more than 6 million in China. Apart from the skin manifestations, psoriasis has been verified to associate with several metabolic comorbidities, such as insulin resistance, diabetes and obesity. However, the underlying mechanism is still not elucidated. Adipocytes, considered as the active endocrine cells, are dysfunctional in obesity which displays increased synthesis and secretion of adipokines with other modified metabolic properties. Currently, growing evidence has pointed to the central role of adipokines in adipose tissue and the immune system, providing new insights into the effect of adipokines in linking the pathophysiology of obesity and psoriasis. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the pathological role of adipokines and the potential mechanisms whereby different adipokines link obesity and psoriasis. Furthermore, we also provide evidence which identifies a potential therapeutic target aiming at adipokines for the management of these two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Kong
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Suhan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ruifang Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Daoquan Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Yuwen Su
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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19
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Abstract
Much evidence has accumulated in the literature over the last fifteen years that indicates vitamin A has a role in metabolic disease prevention and causation. This literature proposes that vitamin A can affect obesity development and the development of obesity-related diseases including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis, and cardiovascular disease. Retinoic acid, the transcriptionally active form of vitamin A, accounts for many of the reported associations. However, a number of proteins involved in vitamin A metabolism, including retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1, alternatively known as retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 or RALDH1), have also been identified as being associated with metabolic disease. Some of the reported effects of these vitamin A-related proteins are proposed to be independent of their roles in assuring normal retinoic acid homeostasis. This review will consider both human observational data as well as published data from molecular studies undertaken in rodent models and in cells in culture. The primary focus of the review will be on the effects that vitamin A per se and proteins involved in vitamin A metabolism have on adipocytes, adipose tissue biology, and adipose-related disease, as well as on early stage liver disease, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
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Affiliation(s)
- William S Blaner
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032.
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20
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Niu L, Geyer PE, Wewer Albrechtsen NJ, Gluud LL, Santos A, Doll S, Treit PV, Holst JJ, Knop FK, Vilsbøll T, Junker A, Sachs S, Stemmer K, Müller TD, Tschöp MH, Hofmann SM, Mann M. Plasma proteome profiling discovers novel proteins associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Mol Syst Biol 2019; 15:e8793. [PMID: 30824564 PMCID: PMC6396370 DOI: 10.15252/msb.20188793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects 25% of the population and can progress to cirrhosis with limited treatment options. As the liver secretes most of the blood plasma proteins, liver disease may affect the plasma proteome. Plasma proteome profiling of 48 patients with and without cirrhosis or NAFLD revealed six statistically significantly changing proteins (ALDOB, APOM, LGALS3BP, PIGR, VTN, and AFM), two of which are already linked to liver disease. Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR) was significantly elevated in both cohorts by 170% in NAFLD and 298% in cirrhosis and was further validated in mouse models. Furthermore, a global correlation map of clinical and proteomic data strongly associated DPP4, ANPEP, TGFBI, PIGR, and APOE with NAFLD and cirrhosis. The prominent diabetic drug target DPP4 is an aminopeptidase like ANPEP, ENPEP, and LAP3, all of which are up-regulated in the human or mouse data. Furthermore, ANPEP and TGFBI have potential roles in extracellular matrix remodeling in fibrosis. Thus, plasma proteome profiling can identify potential biomarkers and drug targets in liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Niu
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Philipp E Geyer
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Nicolai J Wewer Albrechtsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lise L Gluud
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Gastrounit, Medical Division, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Alberto Santos
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sophia Doll
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Peter V Treit
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jens J Holst
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Filip K Knop
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Tina Vilsbøll
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Anders Junker
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Clinical Metabolic Physiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Stephan Sachs
- Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Centre Munich & Division of Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Kerstin Stemmer
- Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Centre Munich & Division of Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Timo D Müller
- Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Centre Munich & Division of Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias H Tschöp
- Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Centre Munich & Division of Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanna M Hofmann
- Institute for Diabetes and Regeneration, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der LMU, München, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
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21
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Charkoftaki G, Wang Y, McAndrews M, Bruford EA, Thompson DC, Vasiliou V, Nebert DW. Update on the human and mouse lipocalin (LCN) gene family, including evidence the mouse Mup cluster is result of an "evolutionary bloom". Hum Genomics 2019; 13:11. [PMID: 30782214 PMCID: PMC6381713 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-019-0191-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipocalins (LCNs) are members of a family of evolutionarily conserved genes present in all kingdoms of life. There are 19 LCN-like genes in the human genome, and 45 Lcn-like genes in the mouse genome, which include 22 major urinary protein (Mup) genes. The Mup genes, plus 29 of 30 Mup-ps pseudogenes, are all located together on chromosome (Chr) 4; evidence points to an “evolutionary bloom” that resulted in this Mup cluster in mouse, syntenic to the human Chr 9q32 locus at which a single MUPP pseudogene is located. LCNs play important roles in physiological processes by binding and transporting small hydrophobic molecules —such as steroid hormones, odorants, retinoids, and lipids—in plasma and other body fluids. LCNs are extensively used in clinical practice as biochemical markers. LCN-like proteins (18–40 kDa) have the characteristic eight β-strands creating a barrel structure that houses the binding-site; LCNs are synthesized in the liver as well as various secretory tissues. In rodents, MUPs are involved in communication of information in urine-derived scent marks, serving as signatures of individual identity, or as kairomones (to elicit fear behavior). MUPs also participate in regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism via a mechanism not well understood. Although much has been learned about LCNs and MUPs in recent years, more research is necessary to allow better understanding of their physiological functions, as well as their involvement in clinical disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Charkoftaki
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8034, USA
| | - Yewei Wang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8034, USA
| | - Monica McAndrews
- Mouse Genome Informatics, The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, USA
| | - Elspeth A Bruford
- HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - David C Thompson
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Vasilis Vasiliou
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8034, USA.
| | - Daniel W Nebert
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics; Department of Pediatrics and Molecular and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Center, University Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
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Cai H, Lu S, Chen Y, Das MBBS MRCOG S, Niu Z, Zhuo G, Lai L, Zhang Z. Serum retinol binding protein 4 and galectin-3 binding protein as novel markers for postmenopausal nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Biochem 2018; 56:95-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2018.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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