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Bjørnestad ED, Vederhus JK, Clausen T. Change in substance use among patients in opioid maintenance treatment: baseline to 1-year follow-up. Harm Reduct J 2024; 21:101. [PMID: 38790008 PMCID: PMC11127449 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-024-01005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) often have concurrent use of non-opioid substances. When patients enter opioid maintenance treatment (OMT), less is known about outcomes regarding the use of other types of drugs. Here we aimed to investigate changes in substance use among patients entering outpatient OMT, from treatment initiation to 1-year follow-up. METHODS We used data from the prospective Norwegian Cohort of Patient in OMT and Other Drug Treatment Study (NorComt). Among 283 patients who entered OMT at participating facilities across Norway, 179 were assessed at follow-up. Of these patients, 131 were in a non-controlled environment, and were included in the present analysis. The main outcome was change in substance use. Logistic regression analysis was applied to identify factors associated with abstinence from all substances (other than agonist medication) at follow-up. RESULTS Along with opioid use, most patients reported polysubstance use prior to entering treatment. No significant differences were found in baseline characteristics between the included and non-included groups when examining attrition. At the 1-year follow-up, reduced substance use was reported. While in treatment, around two-thirds of patients continued using other drugs to varying degrees. At follow-up, about one-third of patients reported abstinence from all drugs, apart from the agonist medication. Factors related to abstinence included a goal of abstinence at baseline (OR = 5.26; 95% CI 1.14-19.55; p = 0.013) and increasing age (OR = 1.05; 95% CI 1.00-1.09; p = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS The majority of patients entering OMT used other substances in addition to opioids. About one-third of patients reported abstinence at the 1-year follow up. Although the majority of patients continued co-use of other drugs while in treatment, for most substances, less than 10% reported daily use at follow-up, with the exception of cannabis which was used daily/almost daily by about 2 in 10. Higher age and treatment goal at the start of OMT were important factors related to reducing concomitant substance use during treatment. These findings suggest that many patients entering OMT are in need of treatment and support related to the use of other substances, to further improve prognosis. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov no. NCT05182918. Registered 10/01/2022 (the study was retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John-Kåre Vederhus
- Addiction Unit, Sørlandet Hospital HF, Po. box 416, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Thomas Clausen
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research (SERAF), University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, Oslo, N-0407, Norway
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Xu H, Kang Y, Liang T, Lu S, Xia X, Lu Z, Hu L, Guo L, Zhang L, Huang J, Ye L, Jiang P, Liu Y, Xinyi L, Zhai J, Wang Z, Liu Y. SNP-based and haplotype-based genome-wide association on drug dependence in Han Chinese. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:255. [PMID: 38448893 PMCID: PMC10919046 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10117-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug addiction is a serious problem worldwide and is influenced by genetic factors. The present study aimed to investigate the association between genetics and drug addiction among Han Chinese. METHODS A total of 1000 Chinese users of illicit drugs and 9693 healthy controls were enrolled and underwent single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based and haplotype-based association analyses via whole-genome genotyping. RESULTS Both single-SNP and haplotype tests revealed associations between illicit drug use and several immune-related genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region (SNP association: log10BF = 15.135, p = 1.054e-18; haplotype association: log10BF = 20.925, p = 2.065e-24). These genes may affect the risk of drug addiction via modulation of the neuroimmune system. The single-SNP test exclusively reported genome-wide significant associations between rs3782886 (SNP association: log10BF = 8.726, p = 4.842e-11) in BRAP and rs671 (SNP association: log10BF = 7.406, p = 9.333e-10) in ALDH2 and drug addiction. The haplotype test exclusively reported a genome-wide significant association (haplotype association: log10BF = 7.607, p = 3.342e-11) between a region with allelic heterogeneity on chromosome 22 and drug addiction, which may be involved in the pathway of vitamin B12 transport and metabolism, indicating a causal link between lower vitamin B12 levels and methamphetamine addiction. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide new insights into risk-modeling and the prevention and treatment of methamphetamine and heroin dependence, which may further contribute to potential novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanli Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100028, China
| | - Yulin Kang
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Tingming Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Sifen Lu
- Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Precision Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaolin Xia
- Office of Academic Affairs, The National Police University for Criminal Justice, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Zuhong Lu
- School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Lingming Hu
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Li Guo
- School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210003, China
| | - Lishu Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100028, China
| | - Jiaqiang Huang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100028, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Cheung Hong School of Journalism and Communication, Shantou University, Shantou, 515060, China
| | - Peiye Jiang
- Office of International Cooperation and Exchanges, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Jiangsu Taihu Institute of Addiction Rehabilitation, Suzhou, 215111, China
| | - Li Xinyi
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100028, China
| | - Jin Zhai
- Department of Social Work, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Zi Wang
- School of Music, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Department of Psychology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 200350, China.
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Bjørnestad ED, Vederhus JK, Clausen T. Change in self-reported somatic symptoms among patients in opioid maintenance treatment from baseline to 1-year follow-up. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:149. [PMID: 38383345 PMCID: PMC10882792 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05590-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High somatic comorbidity is common among patients in treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). The present study aims to investigate changes in self-reported somatic health conditions and somatic symptoms among patients entering opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) programs. METHODS We used data from the Norwegian Cohort of Patients in OMT and Other Drug Treatment (NorComt) study. Of 283 patients who entered OMT, 176 were included for analysis at a 1-year follow-up. Participants provided self-reported data during structured interviews on somatic conditions, somatic symptoms, substance use severity measures, and mental distress. A multivariable linear regression analysis identified factors associated with changes in the burden of somatic symptoms. RESULTS Patients entering OMT reported a high prevalence of somatic conditions at the beginning of treatment, with 3 of 5 patients reporting at least one. The most prevalent condition was hepatitis C, followed by asthma and high blood pressure. Patients reported experiencing a high number of somatic symptoms. The intensity of these symptoms varied across a wide spectrum, with oral health complaints and reduced memory perceived as the most problematic. Overall, for the entire sample, there was no significant change in somatic symptoms from baseline to 1 year. Further analysis indicated that those who reported a higher burden of somatic symptoms at baseline had the greatest improvement at the 1-year follow-up. A higher number of somatic conditions and higher mental distress at baseline was associated with improvements in somatic symptoms burden at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Patients in OMT report a range of somatic conditions and somatic symptoms. Given the wide range of symptoms reported by patients in OMT, including some at high intensity levels, healthcare providers should take into consideration the somatic healthcare needs of individuals in OMT populations. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov no. NCT05182918. Registered 10/01/2022 (the study was retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Endre Dahlen Bjørnestad
- Addiction Unit, Sørlandet Hospital HF, Po. box 416, Kristiansand, Norway.
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research (SERAF), University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, N-0407, Oslo, Norway.
| | - John-Kåre Vederhus
- Addiction Unit, Sørlandet Hospital HF, Po. box 416, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Thomas Clausen
- Addiction Unit, Sørlandet Hospital HF, Po. box 416, Kristiansand, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research (SERAF), University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, N-0407, Oslo, Norway
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Fleury MJ, Cao Z, Grenier G, Ferland F. Profiles of quality of life among patients using emergency departments for mental health reasons. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2023; 21:116. [PMID: 37880748 PMCID: PMC10601205 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-023-02200-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study identified profiles associated with quality of life (QoL) and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients using emergency departments (ED) for mental health reasons and associated these profiles with patient service use. METHODS Recruited in four Quebec (Canada) ED networks, 299 patients with mental disorders (MD) were surveyed from March 1st, 2021, to May 13th, 2022. Data from medical records were collected and merged with survey data. Cluster analysis was conducted to identify QoL profiles, and comparison analyses used to assess differences between them. RESULTS Four QoL profiles were identified: (1) Unemployed or retired men with low QoL, education and household income, mostly having substance-related disorders and bad perceived mental/physical health conditions; (2) Men who are employed or students, have good QoL, high education and household income, the least personality disorders, and fair perceived mental/physical health conditions; (3) Women with low QoL, multiple mental health problems, and very bad perceived mental/physical health conditions; (4) Mostly women with very good QoL, serious MD, and very good perceived mental/physical health conditions. CONCLUSION The profiles with the highest QoL (4 and 2) had better overall social characteristics and perceived their health conditions as superior. Profile 4 reported the highest level of satisfaction with services used. To improve QoL programs like permanent supportive housing, individual placement and support might be better implemented, and satisfaction with care more routinely assessed in response to patient needs - especially for Profiles 1 and 3, that show complex health and social conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Josée Fleury
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Douglas Hospital Research Centre, 6875 LaSalle Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada.
| | - Zhirong Cao
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guy Grenier
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Francine Ferland
- School of Social Work, Addiction Rehabilitation Center, Laval University, National Capital University Integrated Health and Social Services Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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Dehghan M, Mirza HK, Alaeifar S, Jazinizadeh M, Iranmanesh MH, Mohammadiakbarabadi F, Salehi M, Ghonchehpour A, Zakeri MA. Quality of Life and Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicines among Narcotics Anonymous Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Southeast Iran. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:3003247. [PMID: 37727769 PMCID: PMC10506870 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3003247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Addiction, a chronic and recurrent disorder, is associated with lasting changes in the brain and can significantly affect the quality of life of people. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) along with modern medical treatments can improve the quality of life of individuals. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) and quality of life in narcotics anonymous patients. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed on 189 narcotics anonymous patients in southeastern Iran. Using questionnaires such as the demographic information, the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF), CAM, and satisfaction with the use of CAM, the researcher was able to compile a comprehensive picture of the population. Results The mean score of overall quality of life and general health was 64.02 ± 23.32. Overall, 66.1 percent (n = 125) of the participants reported using at least one type of CAM in the previous year. Last year, 25.9% of participants used at least one kind of CAM, 22.8% used two types of CAM, 7.9% used three types of CAM, and 4.8% used four to five types of CAM. Thirty-nine point seven percent of them reported using prayer, 36.5% reported using medicinal herbs, 15.3% of participants reported using massage, 14.3% of participants reported using dietary supplements, 12.2% reported using wet cupping, and 8.5% reported using meditation. There were no significant differences in physical, psychological, environmental, and overall quality of life between CAM users and non-CAM users. The prayer users had significantly higher scores in terms of social relationships, environment, and overall quality of life than nonprayer users. Employed participants and opium users had significantly higher overall quality of life than others. Conclusion Although there was no difference in quality of life between CAM and non-CAM users, the present study showed that prayer and medicinal herbs were the most commonly used methods among narcotics anonymous patients. However, prayer and religious beliefs were successful in improving the quality of life of these individuals. Physicians and other healthcare providers must advise patients with addiction to use different CAMs in order to improve their quality of life and quit narcotics. Future in-depth studies could help these patients use CAMs and improve their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahlagha Dehghan
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Sobhan Alaeifar
- Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Mina Salehi
- Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Asma Ghonchehpour
- Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zakeri
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Massah O, Arab AM, Farhoudian A, Noroozi M, Hashemirad F. The Correlation between Neck Pain and Disability, Forward Head Posture, and Hyperkyphosis with Opium Smoking: A Cross-Sectional Study from Iran. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1281. [PMID: 37759882 PMCID: PMC10526810 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13091281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Opium smoking has been a common practice in Iran for many years, with people often smoking for long hours. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in opium smoking due to false beliefs about its protective effects against COVID-19 infection. In this study, we aimed to examine the association between the non-ergonomic positions associated with traditional opium smoking in Iran and the development of neck pain and disability, forward head posture (FHP), and hyperkyphosis (HK). In this cross-sectional, correlational study, a total of 120 individuals who smoked opium were selected based on the inclusion criteria. They were interviewed about their addiction profile using the Lite version of the Addiction Severity Index and the Leeds Dependence Questionnaire. The presence of neck pain and disability was also evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale and the Neck Disability Index. The participants were examined for FHP via side-view photography and for HK using a flexible ruler. Data were analyzed using correlation coefficient tests and stepwise linear regression analysis. Based on the results, homelessness, the lifetime duration of opium smoking (in months), the duration of daily opium smoking (in minutes), and the severity of drug dependence had significant relationships with the severity of neck pain, neck disability, FHP, and HK. Homelessness was the strongest predictor of neck pain and disability (R2 = 0.367, p < 0.001), FHP (R2 = 0.457, p < 0.001), and HK (R2 = 0.476, p < 0.001), followed by the lifetime duration of opium smoking and the duration of daily opium smoking, respectively, in which R2 increased to 0.505 (p = 0.011), 0.546 (p = 0.022), and 0.570 (p = 0.004) with the addition of two other variables. Overall, an increase in the duration of sitting in non-ergonomic positions could lead to neck pain and disability, FHP, and HK due to the non-neutral posture of opium smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Massah
- Substance Abuse and Dependence Researcher Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran 1985713834, Iran;
| | - Amir Masoud Arab
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran 1985713834, Iran; (A.M.A.); (F.H.)
| | - Ali Farhoudian
- Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1461884513, Iran;
| | - Mehdi Noroozi
- Substance Abuse and Dependence Researcher Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran 1985713834, Iran;
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran 1985713834, Iran
- Psychosis Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran 1985713834, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Hashemirad
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran 1985713834, Iran; (A.M.A.); (F.H.)
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Tan J, Wang J, Guo Y, Lu C, Tang W, Zheng L. Effects of 8 months of high-intensity interval training on physical fitness and health-related quality of life in substance use disorder. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1093106. [PMID: 37621972 PMCID: PMC10445760 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1093106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of 8 months of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on physical fitness and health-related quality of life in substance use disorder. Methods Sixty substance use disorder were randomly assigned to either the HIIT group or the control group according to a random sampling method. The HIIT group received 8 months of four 60-min sessions per week under supervision. Weight, waist circumference, body fat percentage, heart rate, blood pressure, VO2max, reaction time, grip strength, standing on one foot with eyes closed, sitting forward flexion, and quadrant jumping, standing on one foot with eyes closed, the number of push-ups, quality of life (SF-36) score, and craving (VAS) scored were monitored in the HIIT and control groups at baseline, 4 months, and 8 months. SPSS 22.0 was used to conduct repeated measurement analysis of variance and Pearson correlation analysis on the collected subject data. Results Compared with baseline, weight (p < 0.001), waist circumference (p < 0.001), body fat percentage (p < 0.001), heart rate (p < 0.05), Systolic blood pressure (p < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (p < 0.05), reaction time (p < 0.001),PSQI (p < 0.001), Total cholesterol (p < 0.001), Triglyceride (p < 0.001), Blood sugar (p < 0.001) and VAS score (p < 0.001) were significantly decreased after 8 months of exercise intervention. Contrastingly, VO2max (p < 0.05), grip strength (p < 0.05), eyes closed and one foot Standing (p < 0.001), sitting forward flexion (p < 0.001), quadrant jumping (p < 0.001), push-ups (p < 0.001), PCS (p < 0.001), and MCS (p < 0.001) were significantly increased. VO2max was significantly negatively correlated with VAS (r = -0.434, p < 0.001), and significantly positively correlated with PCS (r = 0.425, p < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between standing on one foot with closed eyes and MCS (r = 0.283, p < 0.05). Conclusion Eight months of HIIT can comprehensively improve the physical health level and health-related quality of life of men with substance use disorders, reduce the desire for drugs, and lay the foundation for better starting a happy life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tan
- Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan International Economics University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | | | - Yin Guo
- Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chunxia Lu
- Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wanke Tang
- Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lan Zheng
- Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Garg R, Singla A, Raj R. Health-related quality of life and stigma in opioid dependence: Comparison between buprenorphine users and non-users. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2023; 14:453-458. [PMID: 37692831 PMCID: PMC10483188 DOI: 10.25259/jnrp_109_2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Opioid dependence leads to reduced quality of life (QOL) and stigma. There is scarcity of literature on impact of buprenorphine on QOL of patients with opioid dependence from India. This study reports QOL and stigma in patients taking buprenorphine and compare it with those who were not on any treatment. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional, descriptive, comparative study was conducted among three groups (n = 100 each). Group 3 comprised patients who were already taking buprenorphine for at least 3 months from a government outpatient opioid-assisted treatment center. Group 2 comprised patients who were not on any treatment but had come to enrol in buprenorphine treatment and Group 1 comprised patients who had come to get some other treatment and were not willing for buprenorphine. After fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria, sociodemographic pro forma, Hindi self-stigma scale, and World Health Organization QOL-BREF Hindi were applied. Appropriate statistical analyses were done. Results Patients already taking buprenorphine had significantly better QOL and it improved as the duration of treatment increased. Patients on buprenorphine treatment had significantly lesser stigma than patients not already on treatment. Stigma negatively impacted QOL in the three groups. Conclusion QOL and factors affecting it should be an integral part of management of opioid dependence. Efforts should be made to enrol maximum number of patients in treatment to enhance their quality of life and reduce stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Garg
- Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Aditi Singla
- Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Rajnish Raj
- Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India
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Dehghan M, Malakoutikhah A, Kazemy H, Fattahi Toqroljerdi MH, Mokhtarabadi S, Zakeri MA. The relationship between beliefs in substance craving and quality of life among narcotics anonymous: a cross-sectional study in southeastern Iran. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:126. [PMID: 37081556 PMCID: PMC10116790 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01164-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Addiction is a chronic and relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive drug seeking and lasting changes in the brain. Low quality of life may influence the substance craving, which leads to relapsing. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between beliefs in substance craving and quality of life among narcotics anonymous. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on 202 narcotics anonymous in Kerman, southeastern Iran. Convenience sampling was used to select anonymous patients in the Narcotics Anonymous (NA) association in Kerman city. Narcotics anonymous completed the demographic questionnaire, the Craving Beliefs Questionnaire (CBQ), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF). Multiple linear regression model was used to determine the predictors of craving beliefs. The data were then analyzed using SPSS 22. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 38.48 ± 11.32 years. The majority of the samples were male (86.1%), married (65.4%), educated (93.6%) and urban (86.1%). The mean scores of craving beliefs and overall Quality of Life (QOL) were 77.58 ± 20.70 and 64.42 ± 23.13, respectively. Forty-two-point 1% had high level of craving beliefs. We found a significant negative and weak correlation between beliefs in substance craving, physical health domain (r = -0.16, p = 0.02), and overall quality of life (r = -0.15, p = 0.03). History of crack use, job, and physical health domain of QOL were predictors of beliefs in substance craving among the NAs. CONCLUSION Based on the study results, the participants had a high level of substance craving, and some aspects of the quality of life had an impact on the beliefs of addiction. However, it is necessary to conduct more studies in this field; psychological interventions and programs to increase the quality of life may reduce the substance craving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahlagha Dehghan
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- M.Sc. in psychiatric nursing, Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Malakoutikhah
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Homayoon Kazemy
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Sima Mokhtarabadi
- M.Sc. in Medical Surgical Nursing, Shafa Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zakeri
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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10
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Köhlerová MZ, Fišerová Z, Páv M. Physical activity habits and their effects on quality of life in patients with addiction: data from the Czech Republic. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37359646 PMCID: PMC10043521 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-023-04402-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Addiction, including substance use disorder (SUD), is a complex condition that can cause serious health problems and negatively affect patient quality of life. Physical activity is known to improve the physical and mental health of patients with SUD. This study aims to determine the relationship between regular physical activity (RPA) and quality of life in SUD patients enrolled in inpatient SUD treatment (n = 159). We divided patients into four groups based on their RPA before and during hospitalization. The SF-36 self-report questionnaire was used to assess quality of life. We found that SUD patients had worse quality of life than a representative sample of the Czech population. Furthermore, we demonstrated that RPA before and during hospitalization and changes during hospitalization affect the perception of quality of life of patients with SUDs. Additionally, physically active patients showed significantly better quality of life than inactive patients. However, patients who initiated RPA during hospitalization reported worse quality of life than those who did not; in addition, this group of patients reported the worst quality of life across the most monitored parameters. We suggest that these patients represent the most vulnerable group. Changes in physical activity habits could be considered an indicator for a more intensive therapeutic focus. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-023-04402-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Zahrádka Köhlerová
- Psychiatric Hospital Bohnice, Centre for Psychosomatic Therapy and Rehabilitation, PN Bohnice, Ústavní 91, 181 02 Prague, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 87, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeňka Fišerová
- Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital in Prague, Kateřinská 1660/32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Páv
- Psychiatric Hospital Bohnice, Centre for Psychosomatic Therapy and Rehabilitation, PN Bohnice, Ústavní 91, 181 02 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, General University Hospital in Prague, Kateřinská 1660/32, 121 08 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Armoon B, Fleury MJ, Bayat AH, Bayani A, Mohammadi R, Griffiths MD. Quality of life and its correlated factors among patients with substance use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Public Health 2022; 80:179. [PMID: 35927697 PMCID: PMC9351239 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-022-00940-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with substance use disorder (SUD) usually report lower quality of life (QoL) than other patients and as much as patients with other mental disorders. The present study investigated variables associated with QoL domains among patients with SUD. Methods Studies in English published before December 1st 2021, were searched for on PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science to identify primary studies on factors associated with QoL domains among patients with SUD. After reviewing for study duplicates, the full-texts of selected papers were assessed for eligibility using PECO (Participants, Exposures, Comparison and Outcome) criteria: (a) participants: patients with SUD; (b) exposures: sociodemographic factors, clinical, and service use variables; (c) comparison: patient groups without SUD; and (d) outcomes: four domains of QoL (physical, mental, social, and environmental domains). Three researchers recorded the data independently using predefined Excel spreadsheets. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used for assessing risk of bias and rated each study in terms of exposure, outcome, and comparability. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and β coefficient were utilized at a 95% confidence level, and because sampling methods differed between studies’ pooled estimates, a random effects model was utilized. Results After the assessment of over 10,230 papers, a total of 17 studies met the eligibility criteria. Five studies (1260 participants) found that patients with SUD who were older were less likely to have a good physical Qol (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.78, 0.95). Two studies (1171 participants) indicated that patients with SUD who were homeless were less likely to have a good environmental Qol (β = -0.47, p = 0.003). However, a better mental QoL was observed in four studies (1126 participants) among those receiving support from their family or friends (social networks) (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.04, 1.07). Two studies (588 participants) showed that those using cocaine were less likely to have a good mental QoL (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.75, 0.93). Two studies (22,534 participants) showed that those using alcohol were less likely to have a good physical QoL (β = -2.21, p = 0.001). Two studies (956 participants) showed that those having severe substance use disorders were less likely to have a good mental (β = -5.44, p = 0.002) and environmental (β = -0.59, p = 0.006) QoL respectively. Four studies (3515 participants) showed that those having mental disorders were less likely to have a good physical QoL (β = -1.05, p = 0.001), and another three studies (1211 participants) that those having mental disorders were less likely to have a good mental QoL (β = -0.33, p = 0.001). Finally, two studies (609 and 682 participants) showed that individuals who experienced trauma symptoms or mental disorders were less likely to have good social and environmental QoL, respectively (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.61, 1.00) and (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.9, 0.94). Conclusions The findings suggest the need for mental health services to improve the QOL among patients with SUD but further study is needed. Cocaine may cause behavioral changes which can increase the possibility of reckless and suicidal behaviors. Therefore, identifying cocaine user access, adherence, and satisfaction with treatment is recommended as an important component of adaptive functioning. Interventions that help patients with SUD get support from people within their social networks who support their recovery are also essential to their QoL. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13690-022-00940-0.
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A Qualitative Assessment among Personnel Working in Community-Led Development Program Settings Regarding Sexualized Substance Use. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12111590. [DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12111590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexualized substance use (SSU) is the practice of psychotropic substance use before or during sex to increase sexual pleasure. The growing use of SSU has a strong association with sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Community health mobilizers (CHMs) are agents who assist in decreasing the global burden of disease in the communities they serve. They work as unit managers, counselors, or field workers. The managers and counselors have a minimum of a bachelor’s degree, and field workers have a minimum of a higher secondary education. This study aimed to qualitatively assess the knowledge gaps regarding SSU among CHMs. In-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted in New Delhi, India with nineteen CHMs. Majority of the CHMs were men (n = 9, 47%) followed by transgender (TG) persons (TG females n = 5, 26.3%; TG males n = 1, 5.2%), and women (n = 4, 21.1%). Knowledge gaps were identified among the CHMs regarding different types of sexualized substances, drug procurement, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection prevention, and complex health issues associated with SSU. It suggested the need for periodic workshops and training for upgradation of existing knowledge and practices among the CHMs. This formative research may help social scientists to develop protocols for conducting multi-centric, community-based studies across the country for further validation and exploration.
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Bjørnestad ED, Vederhus JK, Clausen T. High smoking and low cessation rates among patients in treatment for opioid and other substance use disorders. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:649. [PMID: 36261791 PMCID: PMC9583489 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking is a well-documented cause of health problems among individuals with substance use disorders. For patients in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT), the risk for somatic health problems, including preventable diseases associated with tobacco smoking, increases with age. Our aim was to describe smoking among patients entering substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, investigate changes in smoking from the start of treatment to 1-year follow-up, and explore factors related to smoking cessation. METHODS We employed data from the Norwegian Cohort of Patient in Opioid Maintenance Treatment and Other Drug Treatment Study (NorComt). Participants were 335 patients entering SUD treatment at 21 participating facilities across Norway. They were interviewed at the start of treatment and at 1-year follow-up. The main outcomes were smoking and smoking cessation by treatment modality. A logistic regression identified factors associated with smoking cessation. RESULTS High levels of smoking were reported at the start of treatment in both OMT (94%) and other SUD inpatient treatment patients (93%). At 1-year follow-up most patients in OMT were still smoking (87%), and the majority of the inpatients were still smoking (69%). Treatment as an inpatient was positively associated and higher age was negatively associated with smoking cessation. Most patients who quit smoking transitioned to smokeless tobacco or kept their existing smokeless habit. CONCLUSION As illustrated by the high smoking prevalence and relatively low cessation levels in our sample, an increased focus on smoking cessation for patients currently in OMT and other SUD treatment is warranted. Harm-reduction oriented smoking interventions may be relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endre Dahlen Bjørnestad
- Addiction Unit, Sørlandet Hospital HF, Po. box 416, N-4604, Kristiansand, Norway. .,Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research (SERAF), University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, N-0407, Oslo, Norway.
| | - John-Kåre Vederhus
- grid.417290.90000 0004 0627 3712Addiction Unit, Sørlandet Hospital HF, Po. box 416, N-4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Thomas Clausen
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research (SERAF), University of Oslo, Kirkeveien 166, N-0407 Oslo, Norway ,grid.417290.90000 0004 0627 3712Addiction Unit, Sørlandet Hospital HF, Po. box 416, N-4604 Kristiansand, Norway
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Armoon B, Bayat AH, Bayani A, Mohammadi R, Ahounbar E, Fakhri Y. Quality of life and its associated factors among patients with substance use disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2022.2069612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Armoon
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Amir-Hossien Bayat
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Azadeh Bayani
- School of Allied Medical Sciences, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasool Mohammadi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Elaheh Ahounbar
- Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Orygen, The National Center of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Center for Youth Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Yadollah Fakhri
- Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
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Evans-Polce RJ, Kcomt L, Veliz PT, Boyd CJ, McCabe SE. Mental health-related quality of life by sex and sexual identity among U.S. adults with alcohol and tobacco use disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 149:136-144. [PMID: 35276630 PMCID: PMC10712285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and tobacco use disorder (TUD) are more severe among some sexual minority subgroups. It is less understood whether mental health indicators also differ by sexual identity among those with more severe forms of AUD and TUD. We examined differences in mental health-related QoL by sex-specific sexual identity subgroup among those meeting criteria for moderate-to-severe AUD or moderate-to-severe TUD. METHODS We analyzed data from the National Epidemiologic Study of Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (2012-2013; n = 36,309). Our analyses focused on those meeting criteria for past-year moderate-to-severe AUD (n = 2341) and past-year moderate-to-severe TUD (n = 3675). Using multivariable linear regression, we examined associations of sex-specific sexual identity subgroups with mental health-related QoL, while controlling for (a) sociodemographic characteristics, (b) disorder severity, and (c) risk and protective factors (adverse childhood experiences, parental history of substance misuse, stressful life events, and social support). RESULTS Among those with past-year moderate-to-severe AUD, gay men and heterosexual, bisexual, and gay/lesbian women had significantly lower mental health-related QoL compared to heterosexual men in fully adjusted models. Among those with past-year moderate-to-severe TUD, gay men and heterosexual and gay/lesbian women had significantly lower mental health-related QoL compared to heterosexual women. Bisexual and heterosexual women were not significantly different in fully adjusted models. DISCUSSION Clinicians should consider the variability in mental health-related QoL among those with moderate-to-severe AUD and TUD particularly for women and sexual minorities. Consideration of current and past stressors and the degree of social support may be beneficial when conducting assessments and forming treatment plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Evans-Polce
- Center for the Study of Drugs, Alcohol, Smoking and Health, Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Luisa Kcomt
- School of Social Work, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Philip T Veliz
- Center for the Study of Drugs, Alcohol, Smoking and Health, Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Institute for Research on Women and Gender, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Carol J Boyd
- Center for the Study of Drugs, Alcohol, Smoking and Health, Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Institute for Research on Women and Gender, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Addiction Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sean Esteban McCabe
- Center for the Study of Drugs, Alcohol, Smoking and Health, Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Institute for Research on Women and Gender, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Center for Sexuality and Health Disparities, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Nagy NES, Ella EIA, Shorab EM, Moneam MHEDA, Tohamy AA. Assessment of addiction management program and predictors of relapse among inpatients of the Psychiatric Institute at Ain Shams University Hospital. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY, AIN SHAMS UNIVERSITY 2022; 29:80. [PMCID: PMC9579533 DOI: 10.1186/s43045-022-00246-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Rehabilitation programs targeted to patients with substance use disorder (SUD) following successful detoxification constitute a global public health concern. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a combined pharmacotherapy/cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) model through assessing abstinence/relapse rate and quality of life (QOL) in a sample of patients with SUD. Indeed, we aimed to identify the relapse predictors. Results The relapse rate in the inpatient group was 45.33%, compared to 56% in the outpatient group. Multivariate analysis revealed that patients with educational levels less than secondary school, rural residency, being single or divorced, having cravings lasting for 6 weeks from detoxification, legal history, presence of borderline, antisocial and multiple personality disorder could predict relapse in patients with SUD. Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference between the legal, substance, and social domains of ASI (X2= 12.525, p=0.014; X2= 12.525, p=0.023; and X2= 6.335, p=0.042 respectively) and the majority of QOL domains and relapse. Conclusions Socio-demographic data, legal history, craving, and presence of co-morbid personality disorders along with, legal, substance, and social domains of ASI might be implicated in relapse, suggesting that addiction rehabilitation programs targeting these topics would reduce the risk of relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla El Sayed Nagy
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Ramses street extension, P.O. Box 11657, Dair AL-Malak, Cairo Egypt
| | - Eman Ibrahim Abo Ella
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Ramses street extension, P.O. Box 11657, Dair AL-Malak, Cairo Egypt
| | - Eman Mohamed Shorab
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Ramses street extension, P.O. Box 11657, Dair AL-Malak, Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hossam El-Din Abdel Moneam
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Ramses street extension, P.O. Box 11657, Dair AL-Malak, Cairo Egypt
| | - Arwa Ahmed Tohamy
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Ramses street extension, P.O. Box 11657, Dair AL-Malak, Cairo Egypt
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Ma CH, Lin HT, Chen TT, Lin KF, Huang WL. Psychometric properties of the traditional Chinese version of the 20-item Decisional Balance Scale. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2021.2010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hao Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Ti Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Psychiatry, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ting Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Fu Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lieh Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wang PW, Yen CF, Wu HC, Hsu CY, Yang YY. Gender Differences in Depression and Quality of Life in Current and Abstinent Ketamine Users. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9567. [PMID: 34574490 PMCID: PMC8470642 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ketamine use has become of increasing concern because it has spread in many parts of the world during the past few years. Substance users usually have depression and a lower quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to explore depression and QoL in ketamine users, and to further examine the role of gender in relation to differences in depression and QoL in ketamine users. This study recruited 204 current ketamine users, 102 abstinent ketamine users and 102 healthy controls. The demographic data, severity of depression and QoL were recorded. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was employed to compare the associations of ketamine use status with depression and QoL. Gender differences were examined by moderator analysis. The current ketamine users with and without ketamine use disorder, in addition to the abstinent ketamine users with ketamine use disorder, have more severe depression and a lower QoL than healthy controls. There were significant gender differences in depression and QoL in abstinent ketamine users with ketamine use disorder. Ketamine users have more severe depression and a lower QoL. In particular, depression and a lower QoL are still prominent in abstinent ketamine users. The gender differences in depression and QoL are significant in abstinent ketamine users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Wei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-F.Y.); (Y.-Y.Y.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fang Yen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-F.Y.); (Y.-Y.Y.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chi Wu
- Departments of Addiction Science, Kai-Suan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (H.-C.W.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Chih-Yao Hsu
- Departments of Addiction Science, Kai-Suan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (H.-C.W.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Yu-Yi Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-F.Y.); (Y.-Y.Y.)
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Effects of opioid rotation to buprenorphine/naloxone on pain, pain thresholds, pain tolerance, and quality of life in patients with chronic pain and opioid use disorder. Pain 2021; 163:955-963. [PMID: 34433769 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Long-term opioid use in patients with chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) can lead to opioid use disorder (OUD) and has been associated with hyperalgesia and reduced quality of life (QoL). Studies suggest antihyperalgesic properties of buprenorphine, and buprenorphine or naloxone (BuNa) has shown beneficial effects on QoL in patients with OUD without CNCP. This study investigated the added value of BuNa in patients with CNCP with OUD on self-reported pain, pain thresholds, pain tolerance, and QoL. In the current study, 43 outpatients with CNCP and OUD were included for inpatient conversion from full μ-receptor agonist opioids to BuNa. Self-reported pain, pain thresholds, pain tolerance, and QoL were determined at baseline and after 2 months of follow-up, using, respectively, a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS-pain and VAS-QoL), quantitative sensory testing, and EuroQol-5 dimensions. In total, 37 participants completed the protocol, and their data were analyzed. The mean VAS-pain score decreased from 51.3 to 37.2 (27.5%, F = 3.3; P = 0.044), whereas the pressure pain threshold and electric pain threshold or tolerance increased after substitution (F = 7.8; P = 0.005 and F = 44.5; P < 0.001, respectively), as well as QoL (EuroQol-5 dimensions questionnaire: F = 10.4; P = 0.003 and VAS-QoL: F = 4.4; P = 0.043). We found that conversion of full μ-receptor agonists to BuNa, in patients with CNCP with OUD, was accompanied with lower self-reported pain, higher pain thresholds, higher pain tolerance, and improved QoL. Despite several study limitations, these data suggest that BuNa might be of value in patients with CNCP with OUD. Future studies should investigate long-term effects of BuNa in randomized trials.
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Gorvine MM, Haynes TF, Marshall SA, Clark CJ, Lovelady NN, Zaller ND. A Qualitative Exploration of Women's Lives and Resilience in Substance Use Disorder Recovery. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2021; 20:20-29. [PMID: 34377097 PMCID: PMC8325504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study sought to explore constructs of the Whole Health resilience model to identify potential intervention and local research opportunities as a precursor to intervention development, as well as to describe women's resilience in Substance Use Disorder (SUD) recovery including current strengths, coping, self-care, needs and priorities in the context of their everyday lives. METHODS Qualitative data were collected from December 2018 to January 2020 in the Mid-South United States. In-depth interviews of 17 women age 25 to 65 years in SUD recovery for 2 weeks or longer were conducted in 9 different settings including a Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT) hospital setting, a MAT pilot program in a community corrections setting, an incarceration re-entry residential program, community-based peer support organizations (eg, Narcotics Anonymous, Alcoholics Anonymous), a residential SUD treatment facility and a yoga teachers' online group. These data were analyzed with a hybrid approach (inductive and deductive coding). RESULTS The major themes that emerged from the analysis included social support, individual-level cognitive and spiritual strategies; self-care; stressors, priorities, needs, and self-care barriers and trauma. In this context, women needed a wide range of support including treatment of severe physical injuries, professional psychological support, help with restoring relationships, SUD treatment and recovery services, job training and coaching, health insurance advice, transportation, intimate partner violence (IPV) counseling and housing. Peer-support groups and faith communities were instrumental in many (but not all) of these women's lives in recovery-a gap was identified for women who did not have social support from these groups. CONCLUSION These data highlight the need for developing interventions for women in SUD recovery that take a holistic view of resilience life areas, as well as integrate professional services, family support, community support and approach care as wrap-around support that includes integration of social services to meet women's basic needs.
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Pérez-Báez AJ, Valenzuela-Melendres M, Camou JP, González-Aguilar G, Tortoledo-Ortiz O, González-Ríos H, Viuda-Martos M. Modelling the Effects of Roselle Extract, Potato Peel Flour, and Beef Fat on the Sensory Properties and Heterocyclic Amines Formation of Beef Patties Studied by Using Response Surface Methodology. Foods 2021; 10:1184. [PMID: 34070238 PMCID: PMC8225005 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are compounds with carcinogenic potential formed during high-temperature processing of meat and meat products. Vegetables or their extracts with high antioxidant capacity can be incorporated into the meat matrix to reduce their formation, but it is necessary to find the optimal levels to achieve maximum inhibition without affecting the sensory properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of roselle extract (RE, 0-1%), potato peel flour (PP, 0-2%), and beef fat (BF, 0-15%) on the sensory properties and formation of HCAs in beef patties using response surface methodology. IQx, IQ, MeIQx, MeIQ, 4,8-DiMeIQx, and PhIP were identified and quantified by HPLC. Regression models were developed to predict sensory properties and HCAs' formation. All models were significant (p < 0.05) and showed a R2 > 0.70. Roselle extract and beef fat had a negative linear effect on the formation of the total HCAs, while PP had a positive linear effect. The optimal formula that minimizes the formation of HCAs included 0.63% RE, 0.99% PP, and 11.96% BF. RE and PP are foods that can be used as ingredients in low-fat beef patties to minimize the formation of HCAs without affecting their sensory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Judith Pérez-Báez
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera Gustavo E. Astiazarán Rosas, #46. Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico; (A.J.P.-B.); (J.P.C.); (G.G.-A.); (O.T.-O.); (H.G.-R.)
| | - Martin Valenzuela-Melendres
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera Gustavo E. Astiazarán Rosas, #46. Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico; (A.J.P.-B.); (J.P.C.); (G.G.-A.); (O.T.-O.); (H.G.-R.)
| | - Juan Pedro Camou
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera Gustavo E. Astiazarán Rosas, #46. Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico; (A.J.P.-B.); (J.P.C.); (G.G.-A.); (O.T.-O.); (H.G.-R.)
| | - Gustavo González-Aguilar
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera Gustavo E. Astiazarán Rosas, #46. Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico; (A.J.P.-B.); (J.P.C.); (G.G.-A.); (O.T.-O.); (H.G.-R.)
| | - Orlando Tortoledo-Ortiz
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera Gustavo E. Astiazarán Rosas, #46. Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico; (A.J.P.-B.); (J.P.C.); (G.G.-A.); (O.T.-O.); (H.G.-R.)
| | - Humberto González-Ríos
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera Gustavo E. Astiazarán Rosas, #46. Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico; (A.J.P.-B.); (J.P.C.); (G.G.-A.); (O.T.-O.); (H.G.-R.)
| | - Manuel Viuda-Martos
- Grupo de Industrialización de Productos de Origen Animal, Departamento de Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Carretera Beniel, Km 3.2, E-Orihuela, 03312 Alicante, Spain
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Olickal JJ, Saya GK, Selvaraj R, Chinnakali P. Association of alcohol use with quality of life (QoL): A community based study from Puducherry, India. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2021.100697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Quality of life among people who use drugs living in poor urban communities in the Philippines. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2021; 93:103160. [PMID: 33721576 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2021.103160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of life (QOL) and mental health of people who use drugs (PWUD) in the Philippines, especially those living in poor urban communities, are highly concerning due to the situations surrounding drug use and the ongoing hard-line antidrug policy. This study aimed to investigate the QOL and mental health status of PWUD, compare them with a comparison group with no history of drug use, and identify factors associated with QOL among Filipino PWUD. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with recruitment from a community-based rehabilitation programme and poor urban communities in Muntinlupa in 2018. QOL was measured using the WHOQOL-BREF, while psychological distress and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were measured using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-6) and the Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5), respectively. Multivariable linear regressions with each WHOQOL-BREF domain as a dependent factor were conducted to establish three predictions: age- and gender-adjusted QOL means, factors associated with QOL among PWUD, and interaction of lifetime drug use with each covariate. RESULTS In total, 272 PWUD and 402 comparison participants were recruited. Most PWUD were current drug users (53%), primarily of methamphetamine (70%). Among PWUD, the prevalence of moderate to severe psychological distress was 70%, and probable PTSD was 28%-both rates higher than those among the comparison group. All four QOL domain scores (physical, psychological, social, and environmental) of PWUD were lower than those of the comparison group. Multivariable regressions showed that psychological distress, current drug use, selling drugs, experiencing discrimination, and being never-married were associated with lower QOL. Higher individual income, household resources, social activity participation, and service use for drug use problems were associated with higher QOL among PWUD. Stratified and interaction analyses revealed that the QOL of PWUD was more sensitive to changes in individual income relative to the QOL of comparison group. CONCLUSION A comprehensive intervention addressing psychological distress reduction, economic empowerment, and social inclusion-complementary to abstinence-oriented programmes-may improve the well-being of Filipino PWUD.
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Barati M, Bandehelahi K, Nopasandasil T, Jormand H, Keshavarzi A. Quality of life and its related factors in women with substance use disorders referring to substance abuse treatment centers. BMC Womens Health 2021; 21:16. [PMID: 33407363 PMCID: PMC7789253 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-020-01155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance-Related Disorders are among the most common social problems caused by using legal and illegal substances. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the quality of life (QoL) and its related factors among women with substance use disorders referring to substance abuse treatment centers in Hamadan, west of Iran. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out on 120 Iranian female substance users recruited through the census sampling method in 2018. Data collection tools consisted of demographic characteristics and QoL assessment (SF-36). Data were analyzed using SPSS-16 via one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square tests. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 33.2 ± 12.1 years and the mean score of their total QoL was 35.35 ± 13.5. The results of multiple linear regression analysis indicated that using methamphetamine (β = - 6.62) was the predictor of QoL in women. Moreover, there was a significant association between QoL and age (p < 0.001), educational level (p = 0.011), and age at first use (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION According to the results, the participants' QoL was found to be at an unsatisfactory level. So, it is essential to implement educational help-seeking behavior for treatment and effectiveness educational, as well as holding mental health intervention, school-based substance abuse prevention, and harm reduction programs of substance use. This is especially important in adolescents, young, low-educated, early drug use, and methamphetamine user women, as it may increase the QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Barati
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | | | - Tahereh Nopasandasil
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hanieh Jormand
- Students Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Amir Keshavarzi
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Center for Behavioral Disorders and Substances Abuse, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Positive Impacts of Islamic Inabah Substance Abuse Rehabilitation Program on Health-related Quality-of-Life Profiles and Religiousness. ADDICTIVE DISORDERS & THEIR TREATMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1097/adt.0000000000000220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Medved D, Clausen T, Bukten A, Bjørnestad R, Muller AE. Large and non-specific somatic disease burdens among ageing, long-term opioid maintenance treatment patients. SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT PREVENTION AND POLICY 2020; 15:87. [PMID: 33198799 PMCID: PMC7667746 DOI: 10.1186/s13011-020-00311-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To describe and explore somatic disease burdens of ageing long-term patients in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT), a unique population emerging in countries offering OMT as a long-term treatment. Methods We used data from the Norwegian Cohort of Patient in Opioid Maintenance Treatment and Other Drug Treatment Study (NorComt). 156 patients enrolled for at least three of the past five years provided data during structured interviews, including on chronic conditions, somatic treatment received, mental distress (SCL-25), and treatment satisfaction. A somatic disease burden was calculated from a list measuring the recent severity of 16 somatic complaints. A hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis identified correlates of somatic disease burden. Results Over half of patients reported at least seven somatic complaints. Reported somatic disease burden was associated with higher mental distress, more chronic conditions, fewer years in OMT, and treatment dissatisfaction. Age was unrelated, and there were few gender differences. These five variables explained 43.6% of the variance in disease burden. Conclusion Long-term OMT patients experience a large range of somatic complaints, and at non-acute levels. As OMT secures longevity for opioid-dependent persons, the clinical focus must be adjusted from acute to chronic care. Providers must address how to optimize health and quality of life while in treatment, as treatment may last for many years. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13011-020-00311-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Medved
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Bygg 45, Ullevål sykehus, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Clausen
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Bygg 45, Ullevål sykehus, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Bukten
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Bygg 45, Ullevål sykehus, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway. .,Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | | | - Ashley Elizabeth Muller
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Bygg 45, Ullevål sykehus, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Health Services, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Saadati H, Tavakoli Ghouchani H, Asghari D, Gholizadeh N, Rahimi J, Valizadeh R. Comparison of the quality of life and general health in opium and non-opium users referred to the addiction treatment centers. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2020.1838635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Saadati
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Tavakoli Ghouchani
- Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research Center Health North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Dordane Asghari
- Measurement And Measurement Field (Psychometric Field), Addiction And Behavioral Sciences Research Center (Researcher), Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Nazanin Gholizadeh
- General Psychology, Addiction and Behavioral Sciences Research Center(Researcher), Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Jamileh Rahimi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Rohollah Valizadeh
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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28
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Muller AE. A Systematic Review of Quality of Life Assessments of Offenders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2020; 64:1364-1397. [PMID: 31989846 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x19881929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Strength-based theories of rehabilitation emphasize the importance of opportunities for offenders to achieve "good lives" to not re-offend. The extent to which these groups feel enabled to achieve a good life may be measured through subjective, overall quality of life (QoL). The aim is to systematically review the QoL instruments used among detained offenders and synthesize the factors related to their QoL. A systematic literature review was conducted to retrieve articles that assessed the overall QoL of a sample of detained offenders using a validated instrument. The instruments' specificity, dimensionality, and respondent and administrator burden were assessed, and factors reported as significantly related to QoL were summarized. In total, 41 articles were included in the review: 20 reported on forensic samples and 20 on prisoners, with one study randomly assigning offenders to either forensic treatment or prison. Among the included articles, 12 validated instruments were utilized. Only one instrument, the Forensic Inpatient Quality of Life Questionnaire, was specifically developed for and validated in forensic patients. Detained offending populations reported lower QoL than the general population, and those with untreated mental illness reported the lowest. The most consistent predictors of QoL longitudinally were social factors, while substance use and detention-specific variables were not consistently related. In general, the relationships between poor mental health, loneliness, and poor QoL seen in offenders are also seen among other marginalized populations. To improve the evidence base for QoL assessment in this vulnerable group, current gold standard QoL instruments should be validated in detained populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Elizabeth Muller
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, Oslo, Norway
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29
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Pivovarova E, Min HS, Friedmann PD. Impact of extended release naltrexone on health-related quality of life in individuals with legal involvement and opioid use disorders. Subst Abus 2020; 42:618-624. [PMID: 32870122 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2020.1809603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the impact of medications for opioid use disorder on health related quality of life (QOL) may help to explain why few individuals with legal involvement remain in treatment, specifically those receiving opioid antagonists. QOL is an established predictor of treatment retention and has been shown to improve with some treatment for opioid use disorder. Yet limited research has examined QOL with opioid antagonists. We examined the impact of extended release naltrexone (XR-NTX) on QOL and retention in treatment in a randomized, multi-site trial of individuals with legal involvement. Methods: The participants were 308 community-dwelling adults with current or recent legal involvement with opioid dependence at five site across United States. They were randomized to receive XR-NTX or treatment as usual for 6 months. QOL was measured every 2 weeks using Euro QOL individual items, summary index score, and health state today metric. Results: No significant difference in QOL scores were observed between the two groups at the completion of active treatment or on follow up at 52 and 78 weeks. There were no time effects of treatment on scores. Contrary to expectation, baseline and average QOL did not predict retention in treatment. Conclusion: In contrast to prior research, our findings did not demonstrate significant changes (improvements or decreases) in QOL associated with XR-NTX treatment. Clinicians may consider that individuals receiving XR-NTX may not experience changes in perceived well-being in response to treatment and consider discussing with patients that they may not necessarily perceive improvement in their QOL. This may help to ground patient's expectations about the effects of treatment and potentially reduce attrition from treatment with opioid antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Pivovarova
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.,Massachusetts Center of Excellence for Specialty Courts, Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hye Sung Min
- Department of Population Health and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter D Friedmann
- Department of Population Health and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School - Baystate, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA.,Baystate Health, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA
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30
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Heydarpour S, Jalali A, Baghaei F, Salari N. Validation and psychometric properties of the drug users' quality of life scale in Iranian population. SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT PREVENTION AND POLICY 2020; 15:48. [PMID: 32698813 PMCID: PMC7374960 DOI: 10.1186/s13011-020-00289-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug dependence and the resultant problems notably decrease the quality of life (QOL). Measuring the QOL in persons who use drugs (PWUDs) and planning to improve it can be helpful for rehabilitation programs. Given the absence of a standard tool to measure the quality of life of PWUD, the present study is an attempt to validate psychometric and cultural characteristics of non-injection drug users' QOL scale. METHOD The study was carried out as a validation and methodological work. The study population consisted of 273 PWUDs in Kermanshah-based drug clinics including outgoing and hospitalized patients. The participants were selected through convenient-quota sampling. After securing the required permission from the copyright owner of the tool, it was forward/backward translated. Face validity and content validity were determined quantitatively and qualitatively. To examine construct validity of the tool, explorative factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used. Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach's alpha and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (v.25) and LISREL (v.8). RESULTS Explorative factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) results supported the tool with one factor and 22 items. The R2 index in the model was equal to 0.99, which means that 99% of the variation of dependent variable (total score of QOL) is attributed to independent variable (22 statements). In other words, 99% of the variation of dependent variable is due to the independent variables in the model. The main indices of the model based on CFA all were higher than 0.9, which indicates goodness of fit of the model (χ2/DF = 2.18, CFI, NFI, TLI = 0.93 GF = 0.84, REMSEA = 0.066, R2 = 0.99). The correlative coefficient was significant (p < 0.05). The reliability of the tool based on internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) for the subscales ranged from 0.84 to 0.85 and equal to 0.84 for the whole tool. CONCLUSION The Farsi version of non-injection drug users' QOL scale had acceptable indices and it was applicable to assess QOL in the target population. The tool can be used in different fields of drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sousan Heydarpour
- Department of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Jalali
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Research Institute for Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Baghaei
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nader Salari
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Dai CL, Chen CC, Richardson GB, Gordon HRD. Managing Substance Use Disorder through a Walking/Running Training Program. SUBSTANCE ABUSE-RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2020; 14:1178221820936681. [PMID: 32669848 PMCID: PMC7338724 DOI: 10.1177/1178221820936681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
While emerging studies have demonstrated the benefit of exercise in Substance Use Disorder (SUD) recovery outcomes, lack of motivation to engage in exercise has been indicated as one of many perceived barriers that contribute to low recruitment and adherence rates in SUD treatment. The current study aimed to explore participants' perceptions of attending a supervised exercise program (boot camp workouts, walking/running practice, and a race event) while in treatment for SUD. A total of 109 participants were recruited to a 14-week exercise training program and 61 chose to participate in, and completed, a race at the close of the program. Interviews were conducted during weeks 6 through 14 and data were examined using Thematic Analysis. Three main themes were identified: (1) pushing forward recovery through running, (2) gaining a sense of achievement by crossing the finish line, and (3) building a sense of belonging in the program. Implications for SUD recovery programs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Liang Dai
- Department of Teaching and Learning, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA
| | - Ching-Chen Chen
- Department of Counselor Education, School Psychology, and Human Services, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA
| | | | - Howard R D Gordon
- Department of Teaching and Learning, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA
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Logan TK, Cole J, Walker R. Examining Recovery Program Participants by Gender: Program Completion, Relapse, and Multidimensional Status 12 Months After Program Entry. JOURNAL OF DRUG ISSUES 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0022042620923985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study examined individual-level characteristics and factors associated with program completion, relapse, and multidimensional status at follow-up for 213 men and 248 women who entered one of 17 peer-led recovery programs and who completed a follow-up interview 12 months later. Study results found that although there were some significant gender differences at program entry among participants entering Recovery Kentucky, there were few gender differences at follow-up. In addition, although participants had significant psychosocial problems, polysubstance use patterns, and severe substance use disorder (SUD), the majority of both men and women reported completing the program (80.3%), a small minority reported relapse (9.5%), and about one third had worse multidimensional status about 12 months after program entry. Lower quality of life rating at program entry was associated with program completion and with better multidimensional status at follow-up. Study results suggest the recovery program provides an important option for some of the most vulnerable individuals with SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- TK Logan
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
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Pujasari H, Levy J, Culbert G, Steffen A, Carley D, Kapella M. Sleep disturbance, associated symptoms, and quality of life in adults living with HIV in Jakarta, Indonesia. AIDS Care 2020; 33:39-46. [PMID: 32266830 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2020.1748868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Adverse symptom experiences, including sleep disturbances, are important negative predictors of quality of life (QoL), but few studies conducted in low-income countries have examined the impact of poor sleep and its associated symptoms on QoL among people living with HIV (PLWH). To this end, 200 PLWH who were receiving treatment with antiretroviral therapy (ART) were recruited through a community nongovernment organization in Jakarta, Indonesia. Validated instruments measured QoL, sleep disturbance, fatigue, pain, ART adherence, substance use, drug use severity, and methadone treatment. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, and multivariate linear regression were conducted to identify independent correlates of QoL. Overall, participants perceived their QoL as being good to very good (mean = 105.70, standard deviation = 14.7) and higher among women than men (p < 0.05). After adjusting for sex, education, drug-use severity, and ART adherence, QoL was negatively associated with fatigue, insomnia, and pharmacological treatment with methadone. Along with other known symptoms of HIV, sleep problems and their complications are important to clinically address and research more fully to assure satisfying QoL among PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hening Pujasari
- Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Judith Levy
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gabriel Culbert
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alana Steffen
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David Carley
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mary Kapella
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Müller O, Baumann C, Di Patrizio P, Viennet S, Vlamynck G, Collet L, Clerc-Urmès I, Schwan R, Bourion-Bédès S. Patient's early satisfaction with care: a predictor of health-related quality of life change among outpatients with substance dependence. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:6. [PMID: 31910879 PMCID: PMC6947996 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-019-1267-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although research on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has increased in the addiction field, few studies have focused on the determinants of HRQoL changes. This study aimed to describe dependent patients’ HRQoL changes at a 3-month follow-up and to assess whether satisfaction with care can predict those changes among outpatients starting care for alcohol or opioid dependence. Methods HRQoL was measured with the SF-12 at baseline and 3 months later in a prospective cohort of dependent outpatients. Satisfaction was assessed with the EQS-C early after inclusion. Data on sociodemographics, clinical characteristics and patients’ levels of anxiety and depression were also collected. A multivariable analysis was performed to identify factors associated with HRQoL changes in both the physical and mental component summary scores (PCS and MCS, respectively). Results Of the 172 patients included at baseline, a total of 136 patients assessed their satisfaction with care. The mean PCS and MCS scores were initially low, and HRQoL improvement was significant after 3 months for both the PCS and MCS. Never having been married (β = 5.5; p = 0.001) and a lower baseline PCS score (β = − 0.6; p < 0.0001) were associated with significant PCS improvement, whereas being legally compelled to undergo drug treatment (β = − 5.9; p = 0.02) was associated with less PCS change. Higher early satisfaction with care (β = 0.1; p = 0.02) and a lower baseline MCS score (β = − 0.7; p < 0.0001) were associated with significant MCS improvement. Conclusion The study supported the hypothesis that greater satisfaction with care may predict HRQoL improvement among dependent outpatients. Further studies are needed to understand the factors that affect patients’ early satisfaction to identify areas of improvement and thus improve HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Müller
- CSAPA (Health Care Center of Accompaniment and Prevention in Addictology), University Hospital of Nancy, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Cédric Baumann
- Unit of Methodology, Data Management and Statistics, University Hospital of Nancy, 54500, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,EA4360 APEMAC (Health adjustment, measurement and assessment, interdisciplinary approaches) MICS team, University of Lorraine, 54500, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Paolo Di Patrizio
- CSAPA (Health Care Center of Accompaniment and Prevention in Addictology), University Hospital of Nancy, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Sarah Viennet
- CSAPA (Health Care Center of Accompaniment and Prevention in Addictology), University Hospital of Nancy, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Guillaume Vlamynck
- CSAPA (Health Care Center of Accompaniment and Prevention in Addictology), University Hospital of Nancy, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Laura Collet
- CSAPA (Health Care Center of Accompaniment and Prevention in Addictology), University Hospital of Nancy, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Isabelle Clerc-Urmès
- Unit of Methodology, Data Management and Statistics, University Hospital of Nancy, 54500, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Raymund Schwan
- CSAPA (Health Care Center of Accompaniment and Prevention in Addictology), University Hospital of Nancy, 54000, Nancy, France
| | - Stéphanie Bourion-Bédès
- CSAPA (Health Care Center of Accompaniment and Prevention in Addictology), University Hospital of Nancy, 54000, Nancy, France. .,EA4360 APEMAC (Health adjustment, measurement and assessment, interdisciplinary approaches) MICS team, University of Lorraine, 54500, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France. .,Service médico-psychologique régional, 1, Rue Seulhotte B.P, 15082 57073, Metz, France.
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Wang Y, Zuo J, Hao W, Shen H, Zhang X, Deng Q, Liu M, Zhao Z, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Li M, Liu T, Zhang X. Quality of Life in Patients With Methamphetamine Use Disorder: Relationship to Impulsivity and Drug Use Characteristics. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:579302. [PMID: 33192720 PMCID: PMC7555609 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.579302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of life (QOL) of patients with methamphetamine use disorder (MAUD) is increasingly recognized as an important outcome. Previous studies have found that impulsivity is negatively associated with QOL in mental disorders, but this relationship is rarely confirmed in patients with MAUD. We hypothesized that impulsivity is negatively correlated with QOL in patients with MAUD based on previous findings. In addition, a variety of drug use characteristics of patients that may potentially affect their QOL need to be further explored. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between impulsivity, multiple drug use characteristics, and QOL in patients with MAUD. METHODS A total of 379 patients with MAUD were recruited, and the majority of them were male (85.5%), with an average age of 33.93 ± 7.08 years. Two psychiatrists conducted semi-structured interviews with methamphetamine (MA) users in two compulsory drug rehabilitation centers to obtain their demographics and drug use characteristics. The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11) and Brief WHO Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-BREF) were used to assess patients' impulsivity and QOL, respectively. Correlation and univariate regression analysis were used to explore the relationships between impulsivity, a series of drug use characteristics and patients' QOL in different domains. Further multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify what extent the above clinical variables explained the variations in patients' QOL. RESULTS Age, marital status, employment, and various drug use characteristics were significantly associated with at least one QOL domain. Among them, married and full-time job were positively correlated with QOL, while others were negatively correlated with QOL. The total score of BIS-11 was significantly negatively correlated with all four domains of QOL. Impulsivity, a range of drug use characteristics and certain demographic characteristics collectively explained varying degrees of variation in different domains of QOL. CONCLUSIONS Impulsivity and various drug use characteristics can significantly predict QOL in all fields of MAUD patients. In addition, we have also found differences in the predictors of QOL in different domains. Overall, this study provides clinical guidance for the treatment of MAUD patients, that is, management of impulsivity in patients with MAUD may help improve their QOL and even sustain their drug rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Institute of Mental Health and Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinsong Zuo
- College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Wei Hao
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Institute of Mental Health and Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongxian Shen
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Institute of Mental Health and Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Institute of Mental Health and Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qijian Deng
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Institute of Mental Health and Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengqi Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Institute of Mental Health and Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- Department of Medicine Addiction, Xinjiang Mental Health Center and Urumqi Fourth People's Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Institute of Mental Health and Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanan Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, Brains Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Manyun Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Institute of Mental Health and Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tieqiao Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Institute of Mental Health and Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Jake-Schoffman DE, Berry MS, Donahue ML, Christou DD, Dallery J, Rung JM. Aerobic Exercise Interventions for Patients in Opioid Maintenance Treatment: A Systematic Review. Subst Abuse 2020; 14:1178221820918885. [PMID: 35153484 PMCID: PMC8832319 DOI: 10.1177/1178221820918885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) is the standard for treatment of opioid
use disorder, but some individuals on OMT experience disrupted sleep,
heightened sensitivity to pain, and continued relapse to non-medical opioid
use. An adjunctive treatment that has potential to address these
shortcomings of OMT is aerobic exercise. Objective: The aim of the present review was to identify and evaluate components of
aerobic exercise interventions targeting OMT patients. Methods: For this PROSPERO-registered review (ID CRD42020139626), studies were
identified via electronic bibliographic databases, funded research
(NIH RePORTER) and clinical trials databases
(ClinicalTrials.gov), and reference sections of
relevant manuscripts. Studies that evaluated the effects of an aerobic
exercise intervention using a comparison condition or pretest-posttest
design in adult OMT patients were included. Results: Of 2971 unique records, three primary studies and one supplemental manuscript
comprised the final sample. All studies were randomized trials involving
supervised exercise interventions enrolling small samples of middle-aged OMT
patients. Exercise interventions included a variety of aerobic and
non-aerobic activities (e.g. flexibility exercises), and none controlled the
dose of aerobic exercise. Few studies used objective measures of physical
activity or cardiorespiratory fitness and there were no significant effects
of adjunctive exercise on substance use outcomes, but tests of the latter
were likely underpowered. Conclusions: Though early in the accumulation of evidence, interventions targeting aerobic
exercise for OMT patients appear feasible, acceptable to patients, and
beneficial. Longer-term studies that employ larger samples, include
assessments of behavioral and biological mechanisms of change, more rigorous
measurement of physical activity, and controlled doses of aerobic activity
are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle E Jake-Schoffman
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Meredith S Berry
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marissa L Donahue
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Demetra D Christou
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jesse Dallery
- Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jillian M Rung
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Professions & College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Confirming the factor structure of a generic quality of life instrument among pre-treatment substance use disorder patients. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2019; 17:84. [PMID: 31101049 PMCID: PMC6525421 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-019-1152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Quality of life (QoL) is a patient-reported outcome of increasing importance in the substance use disorder (SUD) treatment field, and impaired QoL may be an important impetus for treatment uptake. Instruments and methodologies abound, precluding comparison, as does a dearth of population norms. The QOL10 is a generic, overall QoL tool containing ten items and with simple scoring procedures. It is therefore a potential alternative to the gold standard WHOQOL-BREF. This study aimed to assess the two-factor structure of the QOL10 that has been suggested by a previous exploratory factor analysis. Methods Adults entering 21 participating inpatient or outpatient SUD treatment were recruited to join a national longitudinal cohort study. 531 completed the QOL10 at treatment entry and were included in the analysis. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to confirm the model fit of a two-factor structure, and the scaling qualities of the QOL10 were reported. Results According to the SEM analysis, the QOL10 was comprised of one latent variable measuring social QoL, and one measuring global QoL, and all ten items were retained. Goodness of fit tests included: root mean square of approximation = 0.063, 90% CI 0.050–0.076; normed-fit index = 0.919; and comparative fit index = 0.943. Conclusions The QOL10 should be considered when clinicians in the SUD treatment field need a short, valid instrument that measures both global QoL and social QoL, with minimum respondent and administrator burden. The social domain is of particular utility and may be used as a stand-alone instrument. Test-retest reliability should be established in future studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12955-019-1152-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Abstract
Our objective was to assess factors associated with the physical (Short-Form 12-physical component summary [SF-12-PCS]) and mental (Short-Form 12-mental component summary [SF-12-MCS]) quality of life (QOL) in the Lebanese population. A cross-sectional study, conducted between July and September 2017, enrolled 57 patients with substance use disorder from the Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross. The SF-12 scale was used to assess the QOL among participants. A first stepwise linear regression, using the SF-12-PCS score as the dependent variable, showed that females compared with males (β = -4.86) and having a family history of substance use disorder (β = -4.70) were associated with lower physical QOL (lower SF-12-PCS scores). A second stepwise linear regression, using the SF-12-MCS score as the dependent variable, showed that having a generalized anxiety disorder (β = -10.52) and having suicidal ideation (β = -8.05) were associated with lower mental QOL (lower SF-12-MCS scores). Strategic interventions are needed to manage the health-related QOL in those with substance abuse.
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Muller AE, Skurtveit S, Clausen T. Performance of the WHOQOL-BREF among Norwegian substance use disorder patients. BMC Med Res Methodol 2019; 19:44. [PMID: 30832564 PMCID: PMC6399843 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-019-0690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality of life (QoL) is an established outcome measure of substance use disorder treatment. The WHOQOL-BREF is the gold standard tool, but its appropriateness for particularly vulnerable patient populations must be further explored. This article examines the scaling qualities of the WHOQOL-BREF in a Norwegian substance use disorder population, and explores relationships with social and health variables. METHODS 107 participants in a larger national treatment study provided data during structured interviews. Item responses, responsiveness, and domain scaling qualities are reported. General linear models identified correlates of impaired QoL. RESULTS Three out of four domains exhibited acceptable scaling qualities, while the social relationships domain had low internal validity. 59% of the variance in physical health QoL was explained in our model by the negative main or interaction effects of depression, unemployment, social isolation, smoking, residential treatment, and weight dissatisfaction. 52% of the variance in psychological health QoL was explained by depression and being single. Depression also had significant main effects in social relationships QoL (R2 = .27) and environment QoL (R2 = .39), and social isolation and exercise had further interaction effects in environment QoL. CONCLUSIONS After one year in treatment, the impact of low social contact in reducing QoL, rather than specific substance use patterns, was striking. The social relationships domain is the shortest in the WHOQOL-BREF, yet social variables were important in other areas of QoL. Social support could benefit from more attention in treatment, as a lack of social support seems to be a strong risk factor for poor QoL in various domains. The WHOQOL-BREF exhibits otherwise satisfactory measurement characteristics and is an appropriate tool among this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Elizabeth Muller
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Pb 1039 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
- Division of Health Services, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Pb 4044 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Svetlana Skurtveit
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Pb 1039 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Heath, Pb 4044 Nydalen, 0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Clausen
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Pb 1039 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
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Carlsen SEL, Lunde LH, Torsheim T. Predictors of quality of life of patients in opioid maintenance treatment in the first year in treatment. COGENT PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2019.1565624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Linn-Heidi Lunde
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Torsheim
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Inmates with Harmful Substance Use Increase Both Exercise and Nicotine Use Under Incarceration. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122663. [PMID: 30486386 PMCID: PMC6313574 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Exercise is increasingly understood as an important resource for people who engage in harmful substance use, including those in prison. Little is known about how inmates adopt various health behaviors during incarceration, without interventions. This cross-sectional study analyzed self-reports from 1464 inmates in Norwegian prisons in 2013–2014, compared them according to harmful substance use pre-incarceration, and explored changes in exercise and nicotine use during incarceration. Results were presented in accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines. Inmates with harmful substance use reported higher rates of smoking, smokeless tobacco, and physical inactivity pre-incarceration than inmates without harmful use. However, inmates with harmful use also exhibited more behavioral changes: they adopted exercise, ceased smoking, and adopted smokeless tobacco at higher rates during incarceration than the non-harmful group, to the extent that inmates with harmful use exercised during incarceration more. Exercise is being taken up by a significant proportion of inmates, and may in particular be a replacement behavior for substance use. However, unhealthy behaviors also begin or are maintained. If prisons were used as an arena to facilitate healthy behaviors, the public health benefits to a marginalized group such as substance-using inmates could be substantial.
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Snowden A, Young J, Savinc J. Proactive community support tailored to holistic needs: A cohort study. Cancer Med 2018; 7:4836-4845. [PMID: 30101561 PMCID: PMC6144151 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is increasingly internationally recognized that a cancer diagnosis impacts on people practically and financially as well as physically and psychologically. It is less clear what to do about this. This study introduces an original community service designed to mitigate this wider impact. Nonclinical “link officers” use holistic needs assessment (HNA) to help newly diagnosed people identify and quantify the severity of their physical, psychological, practical, financial, and social concerns. A care plan is then agreed, usually involving community interventions from partner agencies. Following intervention, assessment is repeated. The primary aim of this study was to establish whether there was a significant difference between initial assessment and follow‐up, postintervention. Secondary aim was to identify potential predictors of increased levels of concern at baseline and follow‐up. Method Pre‐ and postintervention observational cohort study. Paired t test examined the difference in mean (SD) concern severity between baseline and follow‐up. Multiple linear regression models were computed to hypothesize potential predictors of initial concern severity and severity change. Results The service saw 2413 people 2014‐2017. Participants identified average 5.5 (4.7) concerns, financial concerns being most frequent. Mean severity at baseline was 7.12 (out of 10) (2.50), reducing to 3.83 (3.49) post‐treatment, paired t(4454) = 64.68, P < 0.0001, reduction of 3.31 (95% CI 3.21‐3.41). Factors associated with higher initial concern included unemployment and caring responsibilities. Unemployment was also associated with a smaller reduction of concern severity at follow‐up. Conclusion Patient level of concern went from a level associated with specialist referral to a much more manageable level. This original finding is internationally significant because it extends Khera et al's (2017) “provocative idea” that all patients should be screened for financial problems to show that they can be helped with all their concerns. This article describes a successful, transferable model of community care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austyn Snowden
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jenny Young
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jan Savinc
- School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, UK
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Roessler KK, Mau M, Ekstrøm CT. Interpersonal problems of alcohol use disorder patients undergoing a physical exercise intervention – a randomised controlled trial. NORDIC PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/19012276.2017.1418414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Kaya Roessler
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Martin Mau
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Claus Thorn Ekstrøm
- Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014 København K, Denmark
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Sawicki WC, Barbosa DA, Fram DS, Belasco AGS. Alcohol consumption, Quality of Life and Brief Intervention among Nursing university students. Rev Bras Enferm 2018; 71:505-512. [DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate nursing university students’ alcohol consumption patterns, Brief Intervention and Quality of Life (QoL). Method: This is a prospective and longitudinal study containing sociodemographic, economic information concerning alcoholic beverages, BI and QoL evaluation among 281 nursing university students. Since surveys have been applied, seminars have been given and consumption patterns have been discussed, an educational material was delivered after university students’ revaluation and BI reinforcement. Descriptive and analytical statistics have been conducted. Results: 90% of the students have already consumed alcohol and 20.6% that consumed for the first time and abused alcohol were minors. After the implementation of BI, the alcohol consumption has decreased among university students. Besides the vitality, generate state of health, and emotional aspects have decreased, mental health was substantially low among the students that used to drink. Conclusion: BI contributes to decrease alcoholic beverages consumption and promotes health.
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Thylstrup B, Bloomfield K, Hesse M. Incremental predictive validity of the Addiction Severity Index psychiatric composite score in a consecutive cohort of patients in residential treatment for drug use disorders. Addict Behav 2018; 76:201-207. [PMID: 28846941 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Addiction Severity Index (ASI) is a widely used assessment instrument for substance abuse treatment that includes scales reflecting current status in seven potential problem areas, including psychiatric severity. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of the psychiatric composite score to predict suicide and psychiatric care after residential treatment for drug use disorders after adjusting for history of psychiatric care. METHODS All patients treated for drug use disorders in residential treatment centers in Denmark during the years 2000-2010 with complete ASI data were followed through national registers of psychiatric care and causes of death (N=5825). Competing risks regression analyses were used to assess the incremental predictive validity of the psychiatric composite score, controlling for previous psychiatric care, length of intake, and other ASI composite scores, up to 12years after discharge. RESULTS A total of 1769 patients received psychiatric care after being discharged from residential treatment (30.3%), and 27 (0.5%) committed suicide. After adjusting for all covariates, psychiatric composite score was associated with a higher risk of receiving psychiatric care after residential treatment (subhazard ratio [SHR]=3.44, p<0.001), and of committing suicide (SHR=11.45, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The ASI psychiatric composite score has significant predictive validity and promises to be useful in identifying patients with drug use disorders who could benefit from additional mental health treatment.
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Muller AE, Skurtveit S, Clausen T. Building abstinent networks is an important resource in improving quality of life. Drug Alcohol Depend 2017; 180:431-438. [PMID: 28988006 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate changes in social network and quality of life of a substance use disorder cohort as they progressed through treatment. DESIGN Multi-site, prospective, observational study of 338 adults entering substance use disorder treatment. SETTING Patients at 21 facilities across Norway contributed baseline data when they initiated treatment, and follow-up data was collected from them one year later. METHODS The cohort was divided into those who completed, dropped out, and remained in treatment one year after treatment initiation. For each treatment status group, general linear models with repeated measures analyzed global and social quality of life with the generic QOL10 instrument over time. The between-group factor was a change in social network variable from the EuropASI. FINDINGS Those who gained an abstinent network reported the largest quality of life improvements. Improvements were smallest or negligible for the socially isolated and those who were no longer in contact with the treatment system. CONCLUSIONS Developing an abstinent network is particularly important to improve the quality of life of those in substance use disorder treatment. Social isolation is a risk factor for impaired quality of life throughout the treatment course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Elizabeth Muller
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Svetlana Skurtveit
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Heath, Norway
| | - Thomas Clausen
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
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Adan A, Marquez-Arrico JE, Gilchrist G. Comparison of health-related quality of life among men with different co-existing severe mental disorders in treatment for substance use. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2017; 15:209. [PMID: 29061151 PMCID: PMC5654090 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-017-0781-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient-perceived health-related quality of life has become an important outcome in health care as an indicator of treatment effectiveness and recovery for patients with substance use disorder. As no study has assessed health-related quality of life among male patients with substance use disorder and co-existing severe mental illness, we compared health-related quality of life among patients with substance use disorder and the following severe mental illness diagnosis in Barcelona, Spain: schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and examined the associations with clinically related variables. Additionally, we compared results for health-related quality of life in patients with substance use disorder and severe mental illness, with Spanish population norms. METHODS We assessed 107 substance use disorder male patients using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey comparing results across three groups with: comorbid schizophrenia (n = 37), comorbid bipolar disorder (n = 34), and comorbid major depressive disorder (n = 36). Multiple analyses of variance were performed to explore health-related quality of life by the type of co-existing SMI and linear regression analyses examined clinical correlates for the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey dimensions for each group. RESULTS There were differences in Physical Functioning, Vitality and the Physical Composite Scale among groups. Poorer Physical Functioning was observed for patients with comorbid schizophrenia (80.13±3.27) and major depressive disorder (81.97±3.11) compared with comorbid bipolar disorder patients (94.26±1.93). Patients with substance use disorder and schizophrenia presented lower scores in Vitality (41.6±2.80) than those with co-existing bipolar disorder (55.68±3.66) and major depressive disorder (53.63±2.92). Finally, results in the Physical Composite Scale showed lower scores for patients with comorbid schizophrenia (51.06±1.41) and major depressive disorder (51.99±1.87) than for those with bipolar disorder (60.40±2.17). Moreover, all groups had poorer health-related quality of life, especially Social Functioning, Role-Emotional and Mental Health, compared with population norms. Different clinical variables (e.g. medical disease comorbidity, severity of addiction, psychiatric symptomatology, suicide attempts, drug relapses) were related to different health-related quality of life dimensions depending on the co-existing severe mental illness. CONCLUSIONS Among male patients with substance use disorder, co-existing severe mental illness may influence some health-related quality of life dimensions and clinically related variables. Such differences may require tailored therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Adan
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, School of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia E. Marquez-Arrico
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, School of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d’Hebron, 171, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gail Gilchrist
- National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, 4 Windsor Walk, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8BB UK
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Cruz-Feliciano MA, Miranda-Díaz C, Fernández-Santos DM, Orobitg-Brenes D, Hunter-Mellado RF, Carrión-González IS. Quality of life improvement in Latinas receiving combined substance use disorders and trauma-specific treatment: a cohort evaluation report. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2017; 15:90. [PMID: 28464830 PMCID: PMC5414180 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-017-0667-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluates the benefits of integrating behavioral health and trauma services for Latinas with a history drug use. Changes in quality of life (QOL) domains were documented after participation in a manualized intervention in a cohort of Latinas. METHODS Participants were part of a prospective cohort study of 136 Latinas with co-occurring disorders (COD) who may have experienced trauma and receiving services in our outpatient treatment facility in Bayamón, Puerto Rico. The WHOQOL-BREF Spanish version was used to score physical, psychological, social, and environmental QOL domains, at intake and after six months. Sociodemographic variables, alcohol, drug use, mental health disorders, and severity of substance use disorders (as defined by the DSM-5) were also tabulated. Descriptive statistics and paired t test or the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were computed for comparison. RESULTS A median age of 39 years was seen and with 76% high school education or higher degree. The majority were unemployed (95.9%). A diagnosis of severe cocaine use (51.4%) was present and almost half (49.5%) had three or more DSM-5 diagnoses. Mean QOL scores were higher at six months with statistically significant differences in each domain. Women with neurodevelopmental disorders and schizophrenia yielded higher mean QOL scores for each domain at six months except for the social domain. Women with polydrug use and women who reported exposure to trauma and depressive disorder experienced statistically significant increments in the physical, psychological and social domains in comparison to counterpart women. CONCLUSIONS Significant and positive changes in QOL were found in each domain. Latinas who reported traumatic events had lower scores in the physical and psychological QOL domains. There was a high prevalence of diminished physical and mental functioning in Latinas with COD. The exposure to trauma and the lack of social support negatively affect treatment access and retention for Latinas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Cruz-Feliciano
- Institute of Research, Education and Services in Addiction, Universidad Central del Caribe School of Medicine, PO Box 60327, Bayamon, PR 00960-6032 Puerto Rico
| | - Christine Miranda-Díaz
- Internal Medicine Department, Universidad Central del Caribe School of Medicine, PO Box 60327, Bayamon, PR 00960-6032 Puerto Rico
| | - Diana M. Fernández-Santos
- Internal Medicine Department, Universidad Central del Caribe School of Medicine, PO Box 60327, Bayamon, PR 00960-6032 Puerto Rico
| | - Darice Orobitg-Brenes
- Institute of Research, Education and Services in Addiction, Universidad Central del Caribe School of Medicine, PO Box 60327, Bayamon, PR 00960-6032 Puerto Rico
| | - Robert F. Hunter-Mellado
- Internal Medicine Department, Universidad Central del Caribe School of Medicine, PO Box 60327, Bayamon, PR 00960-6032 Puerto Rico
| | - Ibis S. Carrión-González
- Institute of Research, Education and Services in Addiction, Universidad Central del Caribe School of Medicine, PO Box 60327, Bayamon, PR 00960-6032 Puerto Rico
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Fiksdal Abel K, Ravndal E, Clausen T, Bramness JG. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms are Common in Patients in Opioid Maintenance Treatment. Eur Addict Res 2017; 23:298-305. [PMID: 29320768 DOI: 10.1159/000484240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Knowledge of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among patients in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) is important for treatment optimization and yet limited. We investigated the prevalence of ADHD symptoms, and factors associated with high ADHD symptom burden in a group of Norwegian OMT patients. METHODS We interviewed individuals entering OMT across Norway in 2 steps between 2012 and 2016. ADHD symptoms were measured by the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS; n = 175). We compared 2 groups of individuals who scored above or below the clinical cutoff score. Mental distress was measured with the General Symptom Index (GSI) of the Hopkin's Symptom Check-List-25. RESULTS A total of 33% of the OMT patients screened positively for ADHD on the ASRS. Participants who scored above the clinical cutoff were younger, and reported more severe substance use and mental distress. When controlling for other significant variables in a logistic regression analysis, scoring above cutoff on the ASRS was associated with higher GSI (OR 1.61; 95% CI 1.03-2.50) and use of stimulants (OR 2.55; 1.13-5.76). CONCLUSIONS ADHD symptoms were common in these OMT patients. High ADHD symptom burden was associated with higher mental distress and use of stimulants. This underlines a need of more systematic focus on ADHD in OMT to plan treatment accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edle Ravndal
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research (SERAF), Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Clausen
- Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research (SERAF), Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jørgen G Bramness
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Oslo, Norway
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Weinstock J, Farney MR, Elrod NM, Henderson CE, Weiss EP. Exercise as an Adjunctive Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: Rationale and Intervention Description. J Subst Abuse Treat 2017; 72:40-47. [PMID: 27666958 PMCID: PMC5289308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are maladaptive patterns of substance use that are associated with psychiatric comorbidity, unhealthy lifestyle choices, and high rates of relapse. Exercise is associated with a wide range of acute and long-term benefits for both mental and physical health and is presently being investigated as a promising adjunctive treatment for SUD. Despite positive effects of regular physical activity on treatment outcomes and risk factors for relapse, low adherence and high attrition rates limit the benefits derived from exercise interventions. Lack of motivation is one of many perceived barriers to initiating exercise that contributes to poor adherence to interventions. In the present article, we describe the protocol for a novel, integrated exercise intervention that combines motivational interviewing (MI), a client-centered approach designed to enhance intrinsic motivation and resolve ambivalence toward change, and contingency management (CM), a behavioral treatment that provides monetary incentives for the completion of target behaviors. The protocol seeks to address the challenges surrounding initiation and maintenance of an exercise program at a level consistent with public health guidelines, particularly for sedentary patients. We conclude with considerations for the implementation of the intervention in SUD specific clinics.
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