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Shahbaz MA, Kuivanen S, Mussalo L, Afonin AM, Kumari K, Behzadpour D, Kalapudas J, Koivisto AM, Penttilä E, Löppönen H, Jalava P, Vapalahti O, Balistreri G, Lampinen R, Kanninen KM. Exposure to urban particulate matter alters responses of olfactory mucosal cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 249:118451. [PMID: 38341073 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory viruses have a significant impact on health, as highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Exposure to air pollution can contribute to viral susceptibility and be associated with severe outcomes, as suggested by recent epidemiological studies. Furthermore, exposure to particulate matter (PM), an important constituent of air pollution, is linked to adverse effects on the brain, including cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The olfactory mucosa (OM), a tissue located at the rooftop of the nasal cavity, is directly exposed to inhaled air and in direct contact with the brain. Increasing evidence of OM dysfunction related to neuropathogenesis and viral infection demonstrates the importance of elucidating the interplay between viruses and air pollutants at the OM. This study examined the effects of subacute exposure to urban PM 0.2 and PM 10-2.5 on SARS-CoV-2 infection using primary human OM cells obtained from cognitively healthy individuals and individuals diagnosed with AD. OM cells were exposed to PM and subsequently infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the presence of pollutants. SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors and replication, toxicological endpoints, cytokine release, oxidative stress markers, and amyloid beta levels were measured. Exposure to PM did not enhance the expression of viral entry receptors or cellular viral load in human OM cells. However, PM-exposed and SARS-CoV-2-infected cells showed alterations in cellular and immune responses when compared to cells infected only with the virus or pollutants. These changes are highly pronounced in AD OM cells. These results suggest that exposure of human OM cells to PM does not increase susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro, but it can alter cellular immune responses to the virus, particularly in AD. Understanding the interplay of air pollutants and COVID-19 can provide important insight for the development of public health policies and interventions to reduce the negative influences of air pollution exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ali Shahbaz
- University of Eastern Finland, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Suvi Kuivanen
- University of Helsinki, Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Virology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Mussalo
- University of Eastern Finland, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alexey M Afonin
- University of Eastern Finland, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kajal Kumari
- University of Eastern Finland, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Donya Behzadpour
- University of Eastern Finland, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juho Kalapudas
- University of Eastern Finland, Brain Research Unit, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne M Koivisto
- University of Eastern Finland, Brain Research Unit, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kuopio, Finland; Kuopio University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Neuro Centre, Kuopio, Finland; University of Helsinki, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Helsinki University Hospital and Neurosciences, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elina Penttilä
- University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki Löppönen
- University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Jalava
- University of Eastern Finland, Inhalation Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli Vapalahti
- University of Helsinki, Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Giuseppe Balistreri
- University of Helsinki, Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riikka Lampinen
- University of Eastern Finland, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Katja M Kanninen
- University of Eastern Finland, A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Kuopio, Finland.
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Sivakumar B, Kurian GA. PM 2.5 toxicity in blood impairs cardiac redox balance and promotes mitochondrial dysfunction in rat heart that further aggravates ischemia reperfusion injury by modulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR/NF-kB signaling axis. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23718. [PMID: 38738849 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
According to the pathophysiological mechanisms linking particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and cardiovascular diseases, PM2.5 may directly translocate into the blood stream and remote target organs and thereby induce cardiovascular effects. The toxicity of PM2.5 is known to induce oxidative stress in pulmonary tissue, but its impact on the redox state in heart (distant organ) is unknown and how it modulates the cardiac response to ischemia reperfusion (IR) remains unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the toxic effect of PM2.5 on cardiac physiology in the presence and absence of IR after introducing PM2.5 into the blood. Female Wistar rats were injected with diesel particulate matter (DPM) via i.p & i.v routes at a concentration of 10 µg/ml. The toxic impact of PM2.5 not only adversely affects the cardiac ultra-structure (leading to nuclear infiltration, edema, irregularities in heart muscle and nuclear infiltration), but also altered the cellular redox balance, elevated inflammation and promoted the upregulation of proapoptotic mediator genes at the basal level of myocardium. The results showed alterations in cardiac ultrastructure, elevated oxidative stress and significant redox imbalance, increased inflammation and proapoptotic mediators at the basal level of myocardium. Moreover, the cardioprotective pro survival signaling axis was declined along with an increased NF-kB activation at the basal level. IR inflicted further injury with deterioration of cardiac hemodynamic indices (Heart rate [HR], Left ventricular developed pressure [LVDP], Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure [LVEDP] and rate pressure product [RPP]) along with prominent inactivation of signaling pathways. Furthermore, the levels of GSH/GSSG, NADH/NAD, NADPH/NADP were significantly low along with increased lipid peroxidation in mitochondria of PM2.5 treated IR rat hearts. This observation was supported by downregulation of glutaredoxin and peroxiredoxin genes in the myocardium. Similarly the presence of oxidative stress inducing metals was found at a higher concentration in cardiac mitochondria. Thus, the toxic impact of PM2.5 in heart augment the IR associated pathological changes by altering the physiological response, initiating cellular metabolic alterations in mitochondria and modifying the signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavana Sivakumar
- Vascular Biology Lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Gino A Kurian
- Vascular Biology Lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, India
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Hartsoe P, Holguin F, Chu HW. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Metabolic Reprogramming in Obesity and Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2944. [PMID: 38474191 PMCID: PMC10931700 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic reprogramming have been extensively studied in many disorders ranging from cardiovascular to neurodegenerative disease. Obesity has previously been associated with mitochondrial fragmentation, dysregulated glycolysis, and oxidative phosphorylation, as well as increased reactive oxygen species production. Current treatments focus on reducing cellular stress to restore homeostasis through the use of antioxidants or alterations of mitochondrial dynamics. This review focuses on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in obesity particularly for those suffering from asthma and examines mitochondrial transfer from mesenchymal stem cells to restore function as a potential therapy. Mitochondrial targeted therapy to restore healthy metabolism may provide a unique approach to alleviate dysregulation in individuals with this unique endotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige Hartsoe
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80222, USA
| | - Fernando Holguin
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Hong Wei Chu
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80222, USA
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Gavito-Covarrubias D, Ramírez-Díaz I, Guzmán-Linares J, Limón ID, Manuel-Sánchez DM, Molina-Herrera A, Coral-García MÁ, Anastasio E, Anaya-Hernández A, López-Salazar P, Juárez-Díaz G, Martínez-Juárez J, Torres-Jácome J, Albarado-Ibáñez A, Martínez-Laguna Y, Morán C, Rubio K. Epigenetic mechanisms of particulate matter exposure: air pollution and hazards on human health. Front Genet 2024; 14:1306600. [PMID: 38299096 PMCID: PMC10829887 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1306600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution nowadays has not only a direct correlation with human health changes but a direct social impact. Epidemiological studies have evidenced the increased damage to human health on a daily basis because of damage to the ecological niche. Rapid urban growth and industrialized societies importantly compromise air quality, which can be assessed by a notable accumulation of air pollutants in both the gas and the particle phases. Of them, particulate matter (PM) represents a highly complex mixture of organic and inorganic compounds of the most variable size, composition, and origin. PM being one of the most complex environmental pollutants, its accumulation also varies in a temporal and spatial manner, which challenges current analytical techniques used to investigate PM interactions. Nevertheless, the characterization of the chemical composition of PM is a reliable indicator of the composition of the atmosphere, the quality of breathed air in urbanized societies, industrial zones and consequently gives support for pertinent measures to avoid serious health damage. Epigenomic damage is one of the most promising biological mechanisms of air pollution-derived carcinogenesis. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the implication of PM exposure in diverse molecular mechanisms driving human diseases by altered epigenetic regulation. The presented findings in the context of pan-organic cancer, fibrosis, neurodegeneration and metabolic diseases may provide valuable insights into the toxicity effects of PM components at the epigenomic level and may serve as biomarkers of early detection for novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulcemaría Gavito-Covarrubias
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ivonne Ramírez-Díaz
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
- Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla (UPAEP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Josué Guzmán-Linares
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ilhuicamina Daniel Limón
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Dulce María Manuel-Sánchez
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Molina-Herrera
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Miguel Ángel Coral-García
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Estela Anastasio
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Arely Anaya-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación en Genética y Ambiente, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Primavera López-Salazar
- Centro de Investigaciones en Dispositivos Semiconductores (CIDS), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Juárez-Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Dispositivos Semiconductores (CIDS), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Javier Martínez-Juárez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Dispositivos Semiconductores (CIDS), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Julián Torres-Jácome
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Cardiovascular, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Alondra Albarado-Ibáñez
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Cardiovascular, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Ygnacio Martínez-Laguna
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Carolina Morán
- Centro de Investigación en Fisicoquímica de Materiales, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | - Karla Rubio
- International Laboratory EPIGEN, Consejo de Ciencia y Tecnología del Estado de Puebla (CONCYTEP), Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
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5
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Mussalo L, Avesani S, Shahbaz MA, Závodná T, Saveleva L, Järvinen A, Lampinen R, Belaya I, Krejčík Z, Ivanova M, Hakkarainen H, Kalapudas J, Penttilä E, Löppönen H, Koivisto AM, Malm T, Topinka J, Giugno R, Aakko-Saksa P, Chew S, Rönkkö T, Jalava P, Kanninen KM. Emissions from modern engines induce distinct effects in human olfactory mucosa cells, depending on fuel and aftertreatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167038. [PMID: 37709087 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Ultrafine particles (UFP) with a diameter of ≤0.1 μm, are contributors to ambient air pollution and derived mainly from traffic emissions, yet their health effects remain poorly characterized. The olfactory mucosa (OM) is located at the rooftop of the nasal cavity and directly exposed to both the environment and the brain. Mounting evidence suggests that pollutant particles affect the brain through the olfactory tract, however, the exact cellular mechanisms of how the OM responds to air pollutants remain poorly known. Here we show that the responses of primary human OM cells are altered upon exposure to UFPs and that different fuels and engines elicit different adverse effects. We used UFPs collected from exhausts of a heavy-duty-engine run with renewable diesel (A0) and fossil diesel (A20), and from a modern diesel vehicle run with renewable diesel (Euro6) and compared their health effects on the OM cells by assessing cellular processes on the functional and transcriptomic levels. Quantification revealed all samples as UFPs with the majority of particles being ≤0.1 μm by an aerodynamic diameter. Exposure to A0 and A20 induced substantial alterations in processes associated with inflammatory response, xenobiotic metabolism, olfactory signaling, and epithelial integrity. Euro6 caused only negligible changes, demonstrating the efficacy of aftertreatment devices. Furthermore, when compared to A20, A0 elicited less pronounced effects on OM cells, suggesting renewable diesel induces less adverse effects in OM cells. Prior studies and these results suggest that PAHs may disturb the inflammatory process and xenobiotic metabolism in the OM and that UFPs might mediate harmful effects on the brain through the olfactory route. This study provides important information on the adverse effects of UFPs in a human-based in vitro model, therefore providing new insight to form the basis for mitigation and preventive actions against the possible toxicological impairments caused by UFP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mussalo
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Simone Avesani
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Muhammad Ali Shahbaz
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Táňa Závodná
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Liudmila Saveleva
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anssi Järvinen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT, 02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Riikka Lampinen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Irina Belaya
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Zdeněk Krejčík
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mariia Ivanova
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Henri Hakkarainen
- Inhalation Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juho Kalapudas
- Department of Neurology, Neuro Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elina Penttilä
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki Löppönen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne M Koivisto
- Department of Neurology, Neuro Centre, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; Brain Research Unit, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Helsinki University Hospital and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tarja Malm
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rosalba Giugno
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | | | - Sweelin Chew
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Topi Rönkkö
- Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Pasi Jalava
- Inhalation Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Katja M Kanninen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.
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6
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Lee J, Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage PDE, Kim B, Kang S, Kim JS, Moon C. Particulate matter exposure and neurodegenerative diseases: A comprehensive update on toxicity and mechanisms. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 266:115565. [PMID: 37832485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been associated with a range of health impacts, including neurological abnormalities that affect neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity, and behavior. Recently, there has been growing interest in investigating the possible relationship between PM exposure and the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis. However, the precise mechanism by which PM affects neurodegeneration is still unclear, even though several epidemiological and animal model studies have provided mechanistic insights. This article presents a review of the current research on the neurotoxicity of PM and its impact on neurodegenerative diseases. This review summarizes findings from epidemiological and animal model studies collected through searches in Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. This review paper also discusses the reported effects of PM exposure on the central nervous system and highlights research gaps and future directions. The information presented in this review may inform public health policies aimed at reducing PM exposure and may contribute to the development of new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases. Further mechanistic and therapeutic research will be needed to fully understand the relationship between PM exposure and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongmin Lee
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Poornima D E Weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Bohye Kim
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Sohi Kang
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Joong-Sun Kim
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea.
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Scieszka D, Bolt AM, McCormick MA, Brigman JL, Campen MJ. Aging, longevity, and the role of environmental stressors: a focus on wildfire smoke and air quality. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1267667. [PMID: 37900096 PMCID: PMC10600394 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1267667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex biological process involving multiple interacting mechanisms and is being increasingly linked to environmental exposures such as wildfire smoke. In this review, we detail the hallmarks of aging, emphasizing the role of telomere attrition, cellular senescence, epigenetic alterations, proteostasis, genomic instability, and mitochondrial dysfunction, while also exploring integrative hallmarks - altered intercellular communication and stem cell exhaustion. Within each hallmark of aging, our review explores how environmental disasters like wildfires, and their resultant inhaled toxicants, interact with these aging mechanisms. The intersection between aging and environmental exposures, especially high-concentration insults from wildfires, remains under-studied. Preliminary evidence, from our group and others, suggests that inhaled wildfire smoke can accelerate markers of neurological aging and reduce learning capabilities. This is likely mediated by the augmentation of circulatory factors that compromise vascular and blood-brain barrier integrity, induce chronic neuroinflammation, and promote age-associated proteinopathy-related outcomes. Moreover, wildfire smoke may induce a reduced metabolic, senescent cellular phenotype. Future interventions could potentially leverage combined anti-inflammatory and NAD + boosting compounds to counter these effects. This review underscores the critical need to study the intricate interplay between environmental factors and the biological mechanisms of aging to pave the way for effective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Scieszka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Alicia M. Bolt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Mark A. McCormick
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Jonathan L. Brigman
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Matthew J. Campen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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8
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Son YS, Son N, Yu WD, Baek A, Park YJ, Lee MS, Lee SJ, Kim DS, Son MY. Particulate matter 10 exposure affects intestinal functionality in both inflamed 2D intestinal epithelial cell and 3D intestinal organoid models. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1168064. [PMID: 37435069 PMCID: PMC10331606 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1168064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A growing body of evidence suggests that particulate matter (PM10) enters the gastrointestinal (GI) tract directly, causing the GI epithelial cells to function less efficiently, leading to inflammation and an imbalance in the gut microbiome. PM10 may, however, act as an exacerbation factor in patients with inflamed intestinal epithelium, which is associated with inflammatory bowel disease. Objective The purpose of this study was to dissect the pathology mechanism of PM10 exposure in inflamed intestines. Methods In this study, we established chronically inflamed intestinal epithelium models utilizing two-dimensional (2D) human intestinal epithelial cells (hIECs) and 3D human intestinal organoids (hIOs), which mimic in vivo cellular diversity and function, in order to examine the deleterious effects of PM10 in human intestine-like in vitro models. Results Inflamed 2D hIECs and 3D hIOs exhibited pathological features, such as inflammation, decreased intestinal markers, and defective epithelial barrier function. In addition, we found that PM10 exposure induced a more severe disturbance of peptide uptake in inflamed 2D hIECs and 3D hIOs than in control cells. This was due to the fact that it interferes with calcium signaling, protein digestion, and absorption pathways. The findings demonstrate that PM10-induced epithelial alterations contribute to the exacerbation of inflammatory disorders caused by the intestine. Conclusions According to our findings, 2D hIEC and 3D hIO models could be powerful in vitro platforms for the evaluation of the causal relationship between PM exposure and abnormal human intestinal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Seul Son
- Department of Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Naeun Son
- Department of Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Molecular Science, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Dong Yu
- Department of Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Molecular Science, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Aruem Baek
- Department of Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jun Park
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Seung Lee
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Jin Lee
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Soo Kim
- Digital Biotech Innovation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Son
- Department of Stem Cell Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bio-Molecular Science, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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9
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Rehman A, Kumari R, Kamthan A, Tiwari R, Srivastava RK, van der Westhuizen FH, Mishra PK. Cell-free circulating mitochondrial DNA: An emerging biomarker for airborne particulate matter associated with cardiovascular diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 195:103-120. [PMID: 36584454 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.12.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The association of airborne particulate matter exposure with the deteriorating function of the cardiovascular system is fundamentally driven by the impairment of mitochondrial-nuclear crosstalk orchestrated by aberrant redox signaling. The loss of delicate balance in retrograde communication from mitochondria to the nucleus often culminates in the methylation of the newly synthesized strand of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) through DNA methyl transferases. In highly metabolic active tissues such as the heart, mtDNA's methylation state alteration impacts mitochondrial bioenergetics. It affects transcriptional regulatory processes involved in biogenesis, fission, and fusion, often accompanied by the integrated stress response. Previous studies have demonstrated a paradoxical role of mtDNA methylation in cardiovascular pathologies linked to air pollution. A pronounced alteration in mtDNA methylation contributes to systemic inflammation, an etiological determinant for several co-morbidities, including vascular endothelial dysfunction and myocardial injury. In the current article, we evaluate the state of evidence and examine the considerable promise of using cell-free circulating methylated mtDNA as a predictive biomarker to reduce the more significant burden of ambient air pollution on cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afreen Rehman
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India.
| | - Roshani Kumari
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India.
| | - Arunika Kamthan
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India.
| | - Rajnarayan Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India.
| | | | | | - Pradyumna Kumar Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India.
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10
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Russell MW, Muste JC, Seth K, Kumar M, Rich CA, Singh RP, Traboulsi EI. Functional imaging of mitochondria in genetically confirmed retinal dystrophies using flavoprotein fluorescence. Ophthalmic Genet 2022; 43:834-840. [PMID: 36384402 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2022.2144903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether by indirect oxidative stress or direct genetic defect, various genetic retinal dystrophies involve mitochondrial stress. Mitochondrial flavoprotein fluorescence (FPF), reported as either average signal intensity or variability (heterogeneity), may serve as a direct, quantifiable marker of oxidative stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS This observational study enrolled patients with genetically confirmed retinal dystrophies between January and December 2021. Patients with concomitant maculopathy and ocular hypertension were excluded. Patients were FPF imaged with OcuMet Beacon® third generation device during routine outpatient visit. RESULTS The final analysis cohort included 242 images from 157 patients. Mean FPF intensity was significantly increased between age matched controls and patients with confirmed rod-cone dystrophy, Stargardt disease, Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS), and Mitochondrial ATP synthase mutation (P ≤ 0.007). Mean FPF heterogeneity was significantly increased between age matched controls and patients with confirmed rod-cone dystrophy, Stargardt disease, and BBS (P ≤ 0.011). FPF lesions were noted to correlate with Fundus Autofluorescence (FAF) lesions in diseases examined. CONCLUSIONS FPF intensity and heterogeneity significantly increased in patients with retinal dystrophies. The correlation of FPF lesions with FAF lesions implies FPF may be a clinically useful biomarker in patients with IRDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Russell
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Education, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Justin C Muste
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Cleveland Clinic, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kanika Seth
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Madhukar Kumar
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Education, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Rishi P Singh
- Center for Ophthalmic Bioinformatics, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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11
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Environmental Chemical Exposures and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: a Review of Recent Literature. Curr Environ Health Rep 2022; 9:631-649. [PMID: 35902457 PMCID: PMC9729331 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-022-00371-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mitochondria play various roles that are important for cell function and survival; therefore, significant mitochondrial dysfunction may have chronic consequences that extend beyond the cell. Mitochondria are already susceptible to damage, which may be exacerbated by environmental exposures. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the recent literature (2012-2022) looking at the effects of six ubiquitous classes of compounds on mitochondrial dysfunction in human populations. RECENT FINDINGS The literature suggests that there are a number of biomarkers that are commonly used to identify mitochondrial dysfunction, each with certain advantages and limitations. Classes of environmental toxicants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, air pollutants, heavy metals, endocrine-disrupting compounds, pesticides, and nanomaterials can damage the mitochondria in varied ways, with changes in mtDNA copy number and measures of oxidative damage the most commonly measured in human populations. Other significant biomarkers include changes in mitochondrial membrane potential, calcium levels, and ATP levels. This review identifies the biomarkers that are commonly used to characterize mitochondrial dysfunction but suggests that emerging mitochondrial biomarkers, such as cell-free mitochondria and blood cardiolipin levels, may provide greater insight into the impacts of exposures on mitochondrial function. This review identifies that the mtDNA copy number and measures of oxidative damage are commonly used to characterize mitochondrial dysfunction, but suggests using novel approaches in addition to well-characterized ones to create standardized protocols. We identified a dearth of studies on mitochondrial dysfunction in human populations exposed to metals, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, pesticides, and nanoparticles as a gap in knowledge that needs attention.
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12
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Xie M, Zhao Z, Dai M, Wu Y, Huang Y, Liu Y, Tang Y, Xiao L, Wei W, Zhang G, Du X, Li C, Guo W, Ma X, Deng W, Wang Q, Li T. Associations between urban birth or childhood trauma and first-episode schizophrenia mediated by low IQ. SCHIZOPHRENIA 2022; 8:89. [PMID: 36309513 PMCID: PMC9617944 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-022-00289-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to urban birth, childhood trauma, and lower Intelligence Quotient (IQ) were the most well-established risk factors for schizophrenia in developed countries. In developing countries, whether urban birth is a risk factor for schizophrenia and how these factors are related to one another remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether IQ mediates the relationship between urban birth or childhood trauma and first-episode schizophrenia (FES) in China. Birthplace, childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ), and IQ were collected from 144 patients with FES and 256 healthy controls (HCs). Hierarchical logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the associations between birthplace, childhood trauma, IQ, and FES. Furthermore, mediation analysis was used to explore the mediation of IQ in the relationship between birthplace or childhood trauma and FES. After adjusting for age, sex and educational attainment, the final model identified urban birth (odds ratio (OR) = 3.15, 95% CI = 1.54, 6.44) and childhood trauma (OR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.92, 4.06) were associated an elevated risk for FES. The 52.94% total effect of birthplace on the risk of FES could be offset by IQ (indirect effect/direct effect). The association between childhood trauma and FES could be partly explained by IQ (22.5%). In total, the mediation model explained 70.5% of the total variance in FES. Our study provides evidence that urban birth and childhood trauma are associated with an increased risk of FES. Furthermore, IQ mediates the relationship between urban birth or childhood trauma and FES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xie
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Zhengyang Zhao
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Minhan Dai
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Yulu Wu
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Yunqi Huang
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Yunjia Liu
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Yiguo Tang
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Liling Xiao
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Wei Wei
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Guangya Zhang
- grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Department of Psychiatry, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiangdong Du
- grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Department of Psychiatry, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chuanwei Li
- grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Department of Psychiatry, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wanjun Guo
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XAffiliated Mental Health Centre & Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310013 Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Wei Deng
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XAffiliated Mental Health Centre & Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310013 Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Qiang Wang
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Tao Li
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XAffiliated Mental Health Centre & Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310013 Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
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13
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Wang S, Zhou Q, Tian Y, Hu X. The Lung Microbiota Affects Pulmonary Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Induced by PM 2.5 Exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:12368-12379. [PMID: 35984995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure causes respiratory diseases by inducing inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the correlation between the pulmonary microbiota and the progression of pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress caused by PM2.5 is poorly understood. This study tested the hypothesis that the lung microbiota affects pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress induced by PM2.5 exposure. Mice were exposed to PM2.5 intranasally for 12 days. Then, pulmonary microbiota transfer and antibiotic intervention were performed. Histological examinations, biomarker index detection, and transcriptome analyses were conducted. Characterization of the pulmonary microbiota using 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that its diversity decreased by 75.2% in PM2.5-exposed mice, with increased abundance of Proteobacteria and decreased abundance of Bacteroidota. The altered composition of the microbiota was significantly correlated with pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress-related indicators. Intranasal transfer of the pulmonary microbiota from PM2.5-exposed mice affected pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress caused by PM2.5, as shown by increased proinflammatory cytokine levels and dysregulated oxidative damage-related biomarkers. Antibiotic intervention during PM2.5 exposure alleviated pulmonary inflammation and oxidative damage in mice. The pulmonary microbiota also showed substantial changes after antibiotic treatment, as reflected by the increased microbiota diversity, decreased abundance of Proteobacteria and increased abundance of Bacteroidota. These results suggest that pulmonary microbial dysbiosis can promote and affect pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress during PM2.5 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yingze Tian
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiangang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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14
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Li Z, Tian F, Ban H, Xia S, Cheng L, Ren X, Lyu Y, Zheng J. Energy metabolism disorders and oxidative stress in the SH-SY5Y cells following PM 2.5 air pollution exposure. Toxicol Lett 2022; 369:25-33. [PMID: 36007723 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that PM2.5 exposure can induce neuronal apoptosis and neurobehavioral changes in animal experiments due partly to the mitochondria-mediated oxidative damage. How does it affect the mitochondrial energy metabolism as well as the neuronal damage, however, remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the molecular processes of energy metabolism and oxidative damage induced by ambient PM2.5 exposure in SH-SY5Y cells. SH-SY5Y cells were treated with PM2.5 to establish a cytotoxicity model. A Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer (XFp) was performed to evaluate the cellular mitochondrial respiratory and glycolysis after exposure to PM2.5. The dose- and time-dependent effects of PM2.5 on oxidative damage and apoptosis were analyzed. To further explore the relationship among oxidative damage, energy metabolism and apoptosis, SH-SY5Y cells were co-cultured with BHA and PM2.5 for 24 h. The results demonstrated that the basic respiration and ATP production, the typical index of mitochondrial respiration as well as glycolysis, significantly reduced in SH-SY5Y cells with dose and time dependent. At the same time, the PM2.5 could significantly decrease the cell viability and Mn-SOD activity, and increase the ROS levels and apoptosis rate as the escalation of dose and the extension of time. Importantly, the application of BHA could synchronously recover the PM2.5 induced cell energy metabolism disorder, oxidative damage, and apoptosis. It seems that the abnormal cellular energy metabolism may be caused by oxidative damage following fine particles exposure, and further led to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofei Li
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health in Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Fengjie Tian
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health in Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Hongfang Ban
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health in Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Shuangshuang Xia
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health in Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Lixia Cheng
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health in Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xueke Ren
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health in Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yi Lyu
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health in Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Preclinical Medicine in Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jinping Zheng
- Department of Health Toxicology, School of Public Health in Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Aging Mechanism Research and Transformation, Center for Healthy Aging, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China.
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15
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Macedo GE, Vieira PDB, Rodrigues NR, Gomes KK, Rodrigues JF, Franco JL, Posser T. Effect of fungal indoor air pollutant 1-octen-3-ol on levels of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide as well as dehydrogenases activities in drosophila melanogaster males. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:573-585. [PMID: 35354383 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2022.2054887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fungal pollution of indoor environments contributes to several allergic symptoms and represents a public health problem. It is well-established that 1-octen-3-ol, also known as mushroom alcohol, is a fungal volatile organic compound (VOC) commonly found in damp indoor spaces and responsible for the typical musty odor. Previously it was reported that exposure to 1-octen-3-ol induced inflammations and disrupted mitochondrial morphology and bioenergetic rate in Drosophila melanogaster. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of 1-octen-3-ol on dehydrogenase activity, apoptotic biomarkers, levels of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as antioxidant enzymes activities. D. melanogaster flies were exposed to an atmosphere containing 1-octen-3-ol (2.5 or ∞l/L) for 24 hr. Data demonstrated that 1-octen-3-ol decreased dehydrogenases activity and NO levels but increased ROS levels accompanied by stimulation of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities without altering caspase 3/7 activation. These findings indicate that adverse mitochondrial activity effects following exposure of D. melanogaster to 1-octen-3-ol, a fungal VOC, may be attributed to oxidant stress. The underlying mechanisms involved in adverse consequences of indoor fungal exposure appear to be related to necrotic but not apoptotic mechanisms. The adverse consequences were sex-dependent with males displaying higher sensitivity to 1-octen-3-ol. Based upon on the fact that the fly genome shares nearly 75% of disease-related genes to human exposure to this fungus may explain the adverse human responses to mold especially for males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulianna Echeverria Macedo
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Centro Interdisciplinar em Biotecnologia - CIPBIOTEC, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, Brazil
| | - Patrícia de Brum Vieira
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Centro Interdisciplinar em Biotecnologia - CIPBIOTEC, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, Brazil
| | - Nathane Rosa Rodrigues
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Centro Interdisciplinar em Biotecnologia - CIPBIOTEC, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Karen Kich Gomes
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Centro Interdisciplinar em Biotecnologia - CIPBIOTEC, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Ferreira Rodrigues
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Centro Interdisciplinar em Biotecnologia - CIPBIOTEC, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Luis Franco
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Centro Interdisciplinar em Biotecnologia - CIPBIOTEC, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, Brazil
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Thaís Posser
- Oxidative Stress and Cell Signaling Research Group, Centro Interdisciplinar em Biotecnologia - CIPBIOTEC, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus São Gabriel, São Gabriel, Brazil
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16
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Morris RH, Chabrier G, Counsell SJ, McGonnell IM, Thornton C. Differential effects of Urban Particulate Matter on BV2 microglial-like and C17.2 neural stem/precursor cells. Dev Neurosci 2022; 44:309-319. [PMID: 35500557 DOI: 10.1159/000524829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution affects the majority of the world's population and has been linked to over 7 million premature deaths per year. Exposure to particulate matter (PM) contained within air pollution is associated with cardiovascular, respiratory and neurological ill health. There is increasing evidence that exposure to air pollution in utero and in early childhood is associated with altered brain development. However, the underlying mechanisms for impaired brain development are not clear. While oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are documented consequences of PM exposure, cell-specific mechanisms that may be triggered in response to air pollution exposure are less well defined. Here we assess the effect of urban (U)PM exposure on two different cell types, microglial-like BV2 cells and neural stem / precursor-like C17.2 cells. We found that, contrary to expectations, immature C17.2 cells were more resistant to PM-mediated oxidative stress and cell death than BV2 cells. PM exposure resulted in decreased mitochondrial health and increased mitochondrial ROS in BV2 cells which could be prevented by mitoTEMPO antioxidant treatment. Our data suggest that not only is mitochondrial dysfunction a key trigger in PM-mediated cytotoxicity, but that such deleterious effects may also depend on cell type and maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca H Morris
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gwladys Chabrier
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Serena J Counsell
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Imelda M McGonnell
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Thornton
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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17
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Lampinen R, Górová V, Avesani S, Liddell JR, Penttilä E, Závodná T, Krejčík Z, Lehtola JM, Saari T, Kalapudas J, Hannonen S, Löppönen H, Topinka J, Koivisto AM, White AR, Giugno R, Kanninen KM. Biometal Dyshomeostasis in Olfactory Mucosa of Alzheimer's Disease Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084123. [PMID: 35456941 PMCID: PMC9032618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory function, orchestrated by the cells of the olfactory mucosa at the rooftop of the nasal cavity, is disturbed early in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Biometals including zinc and calcium are known to be important for sense of smell and to be altered in the brains of AD patients. Little is known about elemental homeostasis in the AD patient olfactory mucosa. Here we aimed to assess whether the disease-related alterations to biometal homeostasis observed in the brain are also reflected in the olfactory mucosa. We applied RNA sequencing to discover gene expression changes related to metals in olfactory mucosal cells of cognitively healthy controls, individuals with mild cognitive impairment and AD patients, and performed analysis of the elemental content to determine metal levels. Results demonstrate that the levels of zinc, calcium and sodium are increased in the AD olfactory mucosa concomitantly with alterations to 17 genes related to metal-ion binding or metal-related function of the protein product. A significant elevation in alpha-2-macroglobulin, a known metal-binding biomarker correlated with brain disease burden, was observed on the gene and protein levels in the olfactory mucosa cells of AD patients. These data demonstrate that the olfactory mucosa cells derived from AD patients recapitulate certain impairments of biometal homeostasis observed in the brains of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Lampinen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (R.L.); (V.G.)
| | - Veronika Górová
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (R.L.); (V.G.)
| | - Simone Avesani
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (S.A.); (R.G.)
| | - Jeffrey R. Liddell
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Elina Penttilä
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (E.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Táňa Závodná
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.Z.); (Z.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Zdeněk Krejčík
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.Z.); (Z.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Juha-Matti Lehtola
- Brain Research Unit, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (J.-M.L.); (T.S.); (J.K.); (S.H.); (A.M.K.)
- Department of Neurology, NeuroCentre, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Toni Saari
- Brain Research Unit, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (J.-M.L.); (T.S.); (J.K.); (S.H.); (A.M.K.)
| | - Juho Kalapudas
- Brain Research Unit, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (J.-M.L.); (T.S.); (J.K.); (S.H.); (A.M.K.)
| | - Sanna Hannonen
- Brain Research Unit, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (J.-M.L.); (T.S.); (J.K.); (S.H.); (A.M.K.)
- Department of Neurology, NeuroCentre, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki Löppönen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (E.P.); (H.L.)
| | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.Z.); (Z.K.); (J.T.)
| | - Anne M. Koivisto
- Brain Research Unit, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (J.-M.L.); (T.S.); (J.K.); (S.H.); (A.M.K.)
- Department of Neurology, NeuroCentre, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Helsinki University Hospital and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anthony R. White
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Mental Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia;
| | - Rosalba Giugno
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (S.A.); (R.G.)
| | - Katja M. Kanninen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (R.L.); (V.G.)
- Correspondence:
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Tryptophan Metabolites Regulate Neuropentraxin 1 Expression in Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042369. [PMID: 35216489 PMCID: PMC8874566 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and in animal models of CKD, the transcription factor Aryl Hydrocabon Receptor (AhR) is overactivated. In addition to the canonical AhR targets constituting the AhR signature, numerous other genes are regulated by this factor. We identified neuronal pentraxin 1 (NPTX1) as a new AhR target. Belonging to the inflammatory protein family, NPTX1 seems of prime interest regarding the inflammatory state observed in CKD. Endothelial cells were exposed to tryptophan-derived toxins, indoxyl sulfate (IS) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The adenine mouse model of CKD was used to analyze NPTX1 expression in the burden of uremia. NPTX1 expression was quantified by RT-PCR and western blot. AhR involvement was analyzed using silencing RNA. We found that IS and IAA upregulated NPTX1 expression in an AhR-dependent way. Furthermore, this effect was not restricted to uremic indolic toxins since the dioxin 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and the tryptophan photoproduct 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ) do the same. In CKD mice, NPTX1 expression was increased in the aorta. Therefore, NPTX1 is a new target of AhR and further work is necessary to elucidate its exact role during CKD.
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Damage to Olfactory Organs of Adult Zebrafish Induced by Diesel Particulate Matter. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010407. [PMID: 35008830 PMCID: PMC8745429 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is an environmental hazard that is associated with various human health risks. The olfactory system is directly exposed to PM; therefore, the influence of PM exposure on olfactory function must be investigated. In this study, we propose a zebrafish olfactory model to evaluate the effects of exposure to diesel particulate matter (DPM), which was labeled Korean diesel particulate matter (KDP20). KDP20 comprises heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). KDP20 exposed olfactory organs exhibited reduced cilia and damaged epithelium. Olfactory dysfunction was confirmed using an odor-mediated behavior test. Furthermore, the olfactory damage was analyzed using Alcian blue and anti-calretinin staining. KDP20 exposed olfactory organs exhibited histological damages, such as increased goblet cells, decreased cell density, and calretinin level. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed that PAHs exposure related genes (AHR2 and CYP1A) were upregulated. Reactive oxidation stress (ROS) (CAT) and inflammation (IL-1B) related genes were upregulated. Furthermore, olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) related genes (OMP and S100) were downregulated. In conclusion, KDP20 exposure induced dysfunction of the olfactory system. Additionally, the zebrafish olfactory system exhibited a regenerative capacity with recovery conditions. Thus, this model may be used in future investigating PM-related diseases.
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Martikainen MV, Aakko-Saksa P, van den Broek L, Cassee FR, Carare RO, Chew S, Dinnyes A, Giugno R, Kanninen KM, Malm T, Muala A, Nedergaard M, Oudin A, Oyola P, Pfeiffer TV, Rönkkö T, Saarikoski S, Sandström T, Schins RPF, Topinka J, Yang M, Zeng X, Westerink RHS, Jalava PI. TUBE Project: Transport-Derived Ultrafines and the Brain Effects. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:311. [PMID: 35010571 PMCID: PMC8751045 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The adverse effects of air pollutants on the respiratory and cardiovascular systems are unquestionable. However, in recent years, indications of effects beyond these organ systems have become more evident. Traffic-related air pollution has been linked with neurological diseases, exacerbated cognitive dysfunction, and Alzheimer's disease. However, the exact air pollutant compositions and exposure scenarios leading to these adverse health effects are not known. Although several components of air pollution may be at play, recent experimental studies point to a key role of ultrafine particles (UFPs). While the importance of UFPs has been recognized, almost nothing is known about the smallest fraction of UFPs, and only >23 nm emissions are regulated in the EU. Moreover, the role of the semivolatile fraction of the emissions has been neglected. The Transport-Derived Ultrafines and the Brain Effects (TUBE) project will increase knowledge on harmful ultrafine air pollutants, as well as semivolatile compounds related to adverse health effects. By including all the major current combustion and emission control technologies, the TUBE project aims to provide new information on the adverse health effects of current traffic, as well as information for decision makers to develop more effective emission legislation. Most importantly, the TUBE project will include adverse health effects beyond the respiratory system; TUBE will assess how air pollution affects the brain and how air pollution particles might be removed from the brain. The purpose of this report is to describe the TUBE project, its background, and its goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Viola Martikainen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (M.Y.); (P.I.J.)
| | - Päivi Aakko-Saksa
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., 02044 Espoo, Finland;
| | | | - Flemming R. Cassee
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands;
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Roxana O. Carare
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;
| | - Sweelin Chew
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (S.C.); (K.M.K.); (T.M.)
| | | | - Rosalba Giugno
- Computer Science Department, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy;
| | - Katja M. Kanninen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (S.C.); (K.M.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Tarja Malm
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; (S.C.); (K.M.K.); (T.M.)
| | - Ala Muala
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine/Respiratory Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden; (A.M.); (A.O.); (T.S.)
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Anna Oudin
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine/Respiratory Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden; (A.M.); (A.O.); (T.S.)
| | - Pedro Oyola
- Centro Mario Molina Chile, Strategic Studies Department, Santiago 602, Chile;
| | | | - Topi Rönkkö
- Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, 33720 Tampere, Finland;
| | - Sanna Saarikoski
- Atmospheric Composition Research, Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00101 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Thomas Sandström
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine/Respiratory Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87 Umea, Sweden; (A.M.); (A.O.); (T.S.)
| | - Roel P. F. Schins
- IUF—Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany;
| | - Jan Topinka
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Epigenetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the CAS, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Mo Yang
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (M.Y.); (P.I.J.)
| | - Xiaowen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Remco H. S. Westerink
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Pasi I. Jalava
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland; (M.Y.); (P.I.J.)
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21
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Jiang Q, Ji A, Li D, Shi L, Gao M, Lv N, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Chen R, Chen W, Zheng Y, Cui L. Mitochondria damage in ambient particulate matter induced cardiotoxicity: Roles of PPAR alpha/PGC-1 alpha signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 288:117792. [PMID: 34280742 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) had been associated with cardiotoxicity, while the mechanism of toxicity has yet to be elucidated, with mitochondria dysfunction as a potential candidate. To investigate the potential cardiotoxic effects of ambient PM exposure and assess the damage to cardiac mitochondria, C57/B6 mice were exposed to filtered air or real ambient PM for three or six weeks. Furthermore, to reveal the role of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) in PM exposure induced cardiotoxicity/mitochondria damage, animals were also co-treated with PPAR alpha agonist WY 14,643 or PPAR alpha antagonist GW 6471. Cardiotoxicity was assessed with echocardiography and histopathology, while mitochondria damage was evaluated with mitochondria membrane potential measurement and transmission electron microscopy. Potential impacts of PM exposure to PPAR alpha signaling were detected with co-immunoprecipitation and western blotting. The results indicated that exposure to ambient PM exposure induced cardiotoxicity in C57/B6 mice, including altered cardiac functional parameters and morphology. Cardiac mitochondria damage is detected, in the form of compromised mitochondria membrane potential and morphology. Molecular investigations revealed disruption of PPAR alpha interaction with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1A (PGC-1a) as well as altered expression levels of PPAR alpha downstream genes. Co-treatment with WY 14,643 alleviated the observed toxicities, while co-treatment with GW 6471 had mixed results, exaggerating most cardiotoxicity and mitochondrial damage endpoints but alleviating some cardiac functional parameters. Interestingly, WY 14,643 and GW 6471 co-treatment seemed to exhibit similar regulative effects towards PPAR alpha signaling in animals exposed to PM. In conclusion, ambient PM exposure indeed induced cardiotoxicity in C57/B6 mice, in which cardiac mitochondria damage and disrupted PPAR alpha signaling are contributors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixiao Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Andong Ji
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limei Shi
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengyu Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Na Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lianhua Cui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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22
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Kim BY, Park JY, Cho KJ, Bae JH. The potential cytotoxic effects of urban particle matter on olfaction. Rhinology 2021; 59:528-537. [PMID: 34636368 DOI: 10.4193/rhin21.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban particulate matter (UPM) in ambient air is implicated in a variety of human health issues worldwide, however, few studies exist on the effect of UPM on the olfactory system. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the destruction of the olfactory system in a mouse model following UPM exposure. METHODS Mice were divided into: control and four UPM-exposed groups (200 µg UPM at 1 and 2 weeks, and 400 µg UPM at 1 and 2 weeks [standard reference material 1649b; average particle diameter 10.5 μm]). The olfactory neuroepithelium was harvested for histologic examination, gene ontology, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting. RESULTS Compared to the control group, olfactory marker protein, Olfr1507, ADCY3, and GNAL mRNA levels were lower, and S-100, CNPase, NGFRAP1, BDNF, and TACR3 mRNA levels were higher in the olfactory neuroepithelium of the UPM groups. Moderately positive correlation was present between the 1- and 2-week groups. After analyzing the 200 and 400 UPM groups separately, the strength of the association between the 200 UPM 1- and 2-week groups was moderately positive. No differences was present in the neuroepithelial inflammatory marker levels between the UPM and control groups. CONCLUSIONS UPM could have cytotoxic effects on the olfactory epithelium. The exposure time and particular concentration of UPM exposure could affect the degree of destruction of the olfactory neuroepithelium. The olfactory regeneration mechanism could be related to the neurotrophic factors, olfactory ensheathing cell stimulation, and trigeminal nerve support.
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Affiliation(s)
- B-Y Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University of Korea, Seoul, South-Korea
| | - J Y Park
- Department of clinical laboratory, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu City, Gyeonggi-do, South-Korea
| | - K J Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu City, Gyeonggi-do, South-Korea
| | - J H Bae
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University of Korea, Seoul, South-Korea
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23
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Kim BY, Park JY, Cho KJ, Bae JH. Effects of Urban Particulate Matter on the Olfactory System in a Mouse Model. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2021; 36:81-90. [PMID: 34236242 DOI: 10.1177/19458924211026416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to urban particulate matter (UPM) is linked to the aggravation of various health problems. Although the nasal cavity is the first barrier to encounter UPM, there is a lack of studies on the impact of UPM on the olfactory area. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of UPM on mouse olfactory epithelium, the underlying pathophysiology involved, and changes in cytokine levels. METHODS Mice were divided into 4 groups: control, 400UPM (administered 400 µg UPM daily; standard reference material 1649b; average particle diameter 10.5 μm) 1week, 400UPM 2weeks, and recovery 1week after 400UPM 2weeks (n = 10, 6, 6, and 6, respectively). Olfactory function was evaluated by conducting a food-finding test once a week. The olfactory neuroepithelium was harvested for histologic examination, gene ontology, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting. RESULTS Compared to those in the control group, olfactory marker protein, olfactory receptor 1507, adenylyl cyclase 3, and GNAL mRNA levels were lower and S-100, 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 30-phosphodiesterase, nerve growth factor receptor-associated protein, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and tachykinin receptor mRNA levels were higher in the 400UPM group olfactory neuroepithelium. There were no significant differences in neuroepithelial inflammatory marker levels between the 400UPM and saline group. CONCLUSIONS UPM decreased olfactory function and might have cytotoxic effects on the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory ensheathing cells and trigeminal nerve might be related to the regeneration of the olfactory epithelium after olfactory destruction associated with UPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boo-Young Kim
- School of Medicine, 26717Ewha Womans University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Y Park
- 65682Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Kwang J Cho
- 65682Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Jung H Bae
- 65682Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, Korea
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24
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Misiukiewicz-Stepien P, Paplinska-Goryca M. Biological effect of PM 10 on airway epithelium-focus on obstructive lung diseases. Clin Immunol 2021; 227:108754. [PMID: 33964432 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a continuous increase in environmental pollution has been observed. Despite wide-scale efforts to reduce air pollutant emissions, the problem is still relevant. Exposure to elevated levels of airborne particles increased the incidence of respiratory diseases. PM10 constitute the largest fraction of air pollutants, containing particles with a diameter of less than 10 μm, metals, pollens, mineral dust and remnant material from anthropogenic activity. The natural airway defensive mechanisms against inhaled material, such as mucus layer, ciliary clearance and macrophage phagocytic activity, may be insufficient for proper respiratory function. The epithelium layer can be disrupted by ongoing oxidative stress and inflammatory processes induced by exposure to large amounts of inhaled particles as well as promote the development and exacerbation of obstructive lung diseases. This review draws attention to the current state of knowledge about the physical features of PM10 and its impact on airway epithelial cells, and obstructive pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Misiukiewicz-Stepien
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
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25
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La Marca A, Spaggiari G, Domenici D, Grassi R, Casonati A, Baraldi E, Trenti T, Simoni M, Santi D. Elevated levels of nitrous dioxide are associated with lower AMH levels: a real-world analysis. Hum Reprod 2021; 35:2589-2597. [PMID: 32951044 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deaa214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are there any associations between environmental pollutants and ovarian reserve, expressed by anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) serum levels? SUMMARY ANSWER In this first real-world approach to demonstrate the relationship between air pollutants and serum AMH levels, adverse associations were observed for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) but not with particulate matter. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY In recent years, air pollution has emerged as a potential disrupter to the homeostasis of physiological hormones, possibly affecting human reproduction. Although the influence of age and smoking on AMH levels is largely accepted, the relationship between AMH and the environment has not currently been established. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A longitudinal, observational, retrospective, real-world study was carried out, including all AMH measurements performed in a single laboratory from January 2007 to October 2017. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Serum AMH data were connected to patients' age and residential address, to include air pollution data after geo-localisation. The air pollution considered daily particulate matter (PM) and NO2 values. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE A total of 1463 AMH measurements were collected (mean 1.94 ng/ml, median 0.90 ng/ml). AMH was inversely related to patients' age in women older than 25 years (adjusted R-squared 0.120, P < 0.001), but not in those younger than 25 years (adjusted R-squared 0.068, P = 0.055). AMH levels were inversely related to environmental pollutants, such as PM10 (Rho = -0.088, P = 0.001), PM2.5 (Rho = -0.062, P = 0.021) and NO2 (Rho = -0.111, P < 0.001). After subdividing the dataset into quartiles for PM10 and PM2.5, the influence of age on AMH serum levels was found to be a stronger influence than that exerted by PM (P = 0.833 and P = 0.370, respectively). On the contrary, considering NO2 quartiles, higher AMH levels were observed in third quartile compared to fourth quartile, even after adjustment for age (P = 0.028), indicating a stronger influence of NO2 exposure on AMH serum levels. Considering an AMH cut-off of 0.3 ng/ml, a significant higher frequency of women with severe ovarian reserve reduction in the fourth quartile was shown only for NO2 (P = 0.010). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Several limitations should be underlined, such as the lack of information about work and life habits of each patient and the retrospective nature of the analysis performed on real-world data. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Although the genetic component is highly predictive for defining the ovarian reserve at birth, potentially modifiable environmental factors could influence the rate of decline in AMH and ovarian reserve during adulthood. STUDY FUNDINGCOMPETING INTEREST(S) Authors have neither funding nor competing interests to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio La Marca
- Mother-Infant Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Giorgia Spaggiari
- Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Modena, Italy
| | - Daniela Domenici
- Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Modena, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | | | - Enrica Baraldi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Anatomy Pathology, Azienda USL of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Tommaso Trenti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Anatomy Pathology, Azienda USL of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Manuela Simoni
- Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Modena, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Daniele Santi
- Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara, Modena, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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26
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Yang Y, Feng Y, Huang H, Cui L, Li F. PM2.5 exposure induces reproductive injury through IRE1/JNK/autophagy signaling in male rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 211:111924. [PMID: 33486381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) constitutes the most significant air pollutant that causes health risks. However, the mechanism(s) underlying PM2.5-induced male reproductive injury has not been clarified. In the present study we explored whether PM2.5 activated the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1)/c-Jun NH 2-terminal kinase (JNK)/autophagy-signaling pathway, and whether this pathway mediated reproductive injury in male rats. We established a male Sprague-Dawley rat model of PM2.5 (1.5 mg/kg) exposure-induced reproductive injury, and observed the intervention effects of STF083010 (an IRE1 inhibitor, 1 mg/kg). After 4 weeks of exposure, reproductive injury-related indicators and IRE1-cascade protein expression were analyzed. Our results showed that sperm quality and serum testosterone level significantly decreased and apoptotic index increased after exposure to PM2.5. After STF083010 intervention, sperm quality and serum testosterone level were significantly improved, while the apoptotic index was reduced. Under light microscopy, we observed that the structure of spermatogenic cells in the PM2.5 group was loose, and that the numbers of spermatogenic cells and mature spermatozoa were reduced. After STF083010 intervention, the structural damage to spermatogenic cells was improved, and the number of cells shed was reduced. Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of IRE1, phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK), beclin-1, and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3)II/LC3I proteins was significantly upregulated, and that the expression of p62 protein was significantly downregulated in the PM2.5 group. The concomitant administration of STF083010 significantly antagonized the aforementioned adverse effects. STF083010 exerted specific protective effects on reproductive injury-related effects in male rats exposed to PM2.5, with effects mediated via IRE1/JNK/autophagy signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
| | - Yajing Feng
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Liuxin Cui
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Fuqin Li
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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27
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Morris RH, Counsell SJ, McGonnell IM, Thornton C. Early life exposure to air pollution impacts neuronal and glial cell function leading to impaired neurodevelopment. Bioessays 2021; 43:e2000288. [PMID: 33751627 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organisation recently listed air pollution as the most significant threat to human health. Air pollution comprises particulate matter (PM), metals, black carbon and gases such as ozone (O3 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) and carbon monoxide (CO). In addition to respiratory and cardiovascular disease, PM exposure is linked with increased risk of neurodegeneration as well as neurodevelopmental impairments. Critically, studies suggest that PM crosses the placenta, making direct in utero exposure a reality. Rodent models reveal that neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter imbalance and oxidative stress are triggered following gestational/early life exposure to PM, and may be exacerbated by concomitant mitochondrial dysfunction. Gestational PM exposure (potentiated by mitochondrial impairment in the metabolically active neonatal brain) not only impacts neurodevelopment but may sensitise the brain to subsequent cognitive impairment. Having reviewed this field, we conclude that strategies are urgently required to reduce exposure to PM during this sensitive developmental period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca H Morris
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Serena J Counsell
- Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Imelda M McGonnell
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Claire Thornton
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK.,Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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28
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Sharma J, Parsai K, Raghuwanshi P, Ali SA, Tiwari V, Bhargava A, Mishra PK. Emerging role of mitochondria in airborne particulate matter-induced immunotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116242. [PMID: 33321436 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The immune system is one of the primary targets of airborne particulate matter. Recent evidence suggests that mitochondria lie at the center of particulate matter-induced immunotoxicity. Particulate matter can directly interact with mitochondrial components (proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids) and impairs the vital mitochondrial processes including redox mechanisms, fusion-fission, autophagy, and metabolic pathways. These disturbances impede different mitochondrial functions including ATP production, which acts as an important platform to regulate immunity and inflammatory responses. Moreover, the mitochondrial DNA released into the cytosol or in the extracellular milieu acts as a danger-associated molecular pattern and triggers the signaling pathways, involving cGAS-STING, TLR9, and NLRP3. In the present review, we discuss the emerging role of mitochondria in airborne particulate matter-induced immunotoxicity and its myriad biological consequences in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahnavi Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Kamakshi Parsai
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Pragati Raghuwanshi
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Sophiya Anjum Ali
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Vineeta Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Arpit Bhargava
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, India.
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29
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Daiber A, Kuntic M, Hahad O, Delogu LG, Rohrbach S, Di Lisa F, Schulz R, Münzel T. Effects of air pollution particles (ultrafine and fine particulate matter) on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress - Implications for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 696:108662. [PMID: 33159890 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is a major cause of global mortality and burden of disease. All chemical pollution forms together may be responsible for up to 12 million annual excess deaths as estimated by the Lancet Commission on pollution and health as well as the World Health Organization. Ambient air pollution by particulate matter (PM) and ozone was found to be associated with an all-cause mortality rate of up to 9 million in the year 2015, with the majority being of cerebro- and cardiovascular nature (e.g. stroke and ischemic heart disease). Recent evidence suggests that exposure to airborne particles and gases contributes to and accelerates neurodegenerative diseases. Especially, airborne toxic particles contribute to these adverse health effects. Whereas it is well established that air pollution in the form of PM may lead to dysregulation of neurohormonal stress pathways and may trigger inflammation as well as oxidative stress, leading to secondary damage of cardiovascular structures, the mechanistic impact of PM-induced mitochondrial damage and dysfunction is not well established. With the present review we will discuss similarities between mitochondrial damage and dysfunction observed in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration as well as those adverse mitochondrial pathomechanisms induced by airborne PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Marin Kuntic
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Germany
| | - Omar Hahad
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lucia G Delogu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Susanne Rohrbach
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany.
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