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Johnson BS, Farkas D, El-Mergawy R, Adair JA, Elhance A, Eltobgy M, Coan FM, Chafin L, Joseph JA, Cornwell A, Johns FJ, Rosas L, Rojas M, Farkas L, Bednash JS, Londino JD, Ray P, Ray A, Kagan V, Lee JS, Chen BB, Mallampalli RK. Targeted degradation of extracellular mitochondrial aspartyl-tRNA synthetase modulates immune responses. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6172. [PMID: 39039092 PMCID: PMC11263397 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50031-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The severity of bacterial pneumonia can be worsened by impaired innate immunity resulting in ineffective pathogen clearance. We describe a mitochondrial protein, aspartyl-tRNA synthetase (DARS2), which is released in circulation during bacterial pneumonia in humans and displays intrinsic innate immune properties and cellular repair properties. DARS2 interacts with a bacterial-induced ubiquitin E3 ligase subunit, FBXO24, which targets the synthetase for ubiquitylation and degradation, a process that is inhibited by DARS2 acetylation. During experimental pneumonia, Fbxo24 knockout mice exhibit elevated DARS2 levels with an increase in pulmonary cellular and cytokine levels. In silico modeling identified an FBXO24 inhibitory compound with immunostimulatory properties which extended DARS2 lifespan in cells. Here, we show a unique biological role for an extracellular, mitochondrially derived enzyme and its molecular control by the ubiquitin apparatus, which may serve as a mechanistic platform to enhance protective host immunity through small molecule discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin S Johnson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Daniela Farkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rabab El-Mergawy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jessica A Adair
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ajit Elhance
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Moemen Eltobgy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Francesca M Coan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lexie Chafin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jessica A Joseph
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alex Cornwell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Finny J Johns
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lorena Rosas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Laszlo Farkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Joseph S Bednash
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - James D Londino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Prabir Ray
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, and Sleep Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anuradha Ray
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, and Sleep Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Valerian Kagan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Janet S Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bill B Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, and Sleep Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rama K Mallampalli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Mononen J, Taipale M, Malinen M, Velidendla B, Niskanen E, Levonen AL, Ruotsalainen AK, Heikkinen S. Genetic variation is a key determinant of chromatin accessibility and drives differences in the regulatory landscape of C57BL/6J and 129S1/SvImJ mice. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:2904-2923. [PMID: 38153160 PMCID: PMC11014276 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Most common genetic variants associated with disease are located in non-coding regions of the genome. One mechanism by which they function is through altering transcription factor (TF) binding. In this study, we explore how genetic variation is connected to differences in the regulatory landscape of livers from C57BL/6J and 129S1/SvImJ mice fed either chow or a high-fat diet. To identify sites where regulatory variation affects TF binding and nearby gene expression, we employed an integrative analysis of H3K27ac ChIP-seq (active enhancers), ATAC-seq (chromatin accessibility) and RNA-seq (gene expression). We show that, across all these assays, the genetically driven (i.e. strain-specific) differences in the regulatory landscape are more pronounced than those modified by diet. Most notably, our analysis revealed that differentially accessible regions (DARs, N = 29635, FDR < 0.01 and fold change > 50%) are almost always strain-specific and enriched with genetic variation. Moreover, proximal DARs are highly correlated with differentially expressed genes. We also show that TF binding is affected by genetic variation, which we validate experimentally using ChIP-seq for TCF7L2 and CTCF. This study provides detailed insights into how non-coding genetic variation alters the gene regulatory landscape, and demonstrates how this can be used to study the regulatory variation influencing TF binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juho Mononen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Mari Taipale
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Marjo Malinen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Forestry, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu FI- 80101, Finland
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Engineering, South-Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Kouvola FI-45100, Finland
| | - Bharadwaja Velidendla
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Einari Niskanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Anna-Liisa Levonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Anna-Kaisa Ruotsalainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
| | - Sami Heikkinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland
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3
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Jiang K, Ning N, Huang J, Chang Y, Wang R, Ma J. Psilostachyin C reduces malignant properties of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by blocking CREBBP-mediated transcription of GATAD2B. Funct Integr Genomics 2024; 24:75. [PMID: 38600341 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-024-01353-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Many herbal medicines and their bioactive compounds have shown anti-tumor properties. This study was conducted to examine the effect of psilostachyin C (PSC), a sesquiterpenoid lactone isolated from Artemisia vulgaris L., in the malignant properties of HCC cells. CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound healing, and Transwell assays revealed that 25 μM PSC treatment significantly suppressed proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration, and invasion of two HCC cell lines (Hep 3B and Huh7) while promoting cell apoptosis. Bioinformatics prediction suggests CREB binding protein (CREBBP) as a promising target of PSC. CREBBP activated transcription of GATA zinc finger domain containing 2B (GATAD2B) by binding to its promoter. CREBBP and GATAD2B were highly expressed in clinical HCC tissues and the acquired HCC cell lines, but their expression was reduced by PSC. Either upregulation of CREBBP or GATAD2B restored the malignant properties of HCC cells blocked by PSC. Collectively, this evidence demonstrates that PSC pocessess anti-tumor functions in HCC cells by blocking CREBBP-mediated transcription of GATAD2B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Jiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P.R. China
| | - Ning Ning
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P.R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P.R. China
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P.R. China
| | - Rao Wang
- Department of TCM Orthopedic Center, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 555, Youyi East Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P.R. China.
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Neurology, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 555, Youyi East Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, P.R. China.
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Bao J, Tang Y, Chen Y, Jin J, Wang X, An G, Cao L, Zhang H, Cheng G, Pan G, Zhou Z. E. hellem Ser/Thr protein phosphatase PP1 targets the DC MAPK pathway and impairs immune functions. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302375. [PMID: 38199846 PMCID: PMC10781585 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Microsporidia are difficult to be completely eliminated once infected, and the persistence disrupts host cell functions. Here in this study, we aimed to elucidate the impairing effects and consequences of microsporidia on host DCs. Enterocytozoon hellem, one of the most commonly diagnosed zoonotic microsporidia species, was applied. In vivo models demonstrated that E. hellem-infected mice were more susceptible to further pathogenic challenges, and DCs were identified as the most affected groups of cells. In vitro assays revealed that E. hellem infection impaired DCs' immune functions, reflected by down-regulated cytokine expressions, lower extent of maturation, phagocytosis ability, and antigen presentations. E. hellem infection also detained DCs' potencies to prime and stimulate T cells; therefore, host immunities were disrupted. We found that E. hellem Ser/Thr protein phosphatase PP1 directly interacts with host p38α (MAPK14) to manipulate the p38α(MAPK14)/NFAT5 axis of the MAPK pathway. Our study is the first to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the impairing effects of microsporidia on host DCs' immune functions. The emergence of microsporidiosis may be of great threat to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Bao
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yunlin Tang
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yebo Chen
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangyan Jin
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xue Wang
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guozhen An
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Cao
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huarui Zhang
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gong Cheng
- Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqing Pan
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zeyang Zhou
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 The State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- https://ror.org/01kj4z117 Chongqing Key Laboratory of Microsporidia Infection and Control, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Okumura T, Raja Xavier JP, Pasternak J, Yang Z, Hang C, Nosirov B, Singh Y, Admard J, Brucker SY, Kommoss S, Takeda S, Staebler A, Lang F, Salker MS. Rel Family Transcription Factor NFAT5 Upregulates COX2 via HIF-1α Activity in Ishikawa and HEC1a Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3666. [PMID: 38612478 PMCID: PMC11012216 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2; PTGS2) both participate in diverse pathologies including cancer progression. However, the biological role of the NFAT5-COX2 signaling pathway in human endometrial cancer has remained elusive. The present study explored whether NFAT5 is expressed in endometrial tumors and if NFAT5 participates in cancer progression. To gain insights into the underlying mechanisms, NFAT5 protein abundance in endometrial cancer tissue was visualized by immunohistochemistry and endometrial cancer cells (Ishikawa and HEC1a) were transfected with NFAT5 or with an empty plasmid. As a result, NFAT5 expression is more abundant in high-grade than in low-grade endometrial cancer tissue. RNA sequencing analysis of NFAT5 overexpression in Ishikawa cells upregulated 37 genes and downregulated 20 genes. Genes affected included cyclooxygenase 2 and hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1A). NFAT5 transfection and/or treatment with HIF-1α stabilizer exerted a strong stimulating effect on HIF-1α promoter activity as well as COX2 expression level and prostaglandin E2 receptor (PGE2) levels. Our findings suggest that activation of NFAT5-HIF-1α-COX2 axis could promote endometrial cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Okumura
- Department of Women’s Health, Tübingen University Hospital, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.O.); (J.P.R.X.); (J.P.); (C.H.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.B.); (S.K.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
| | - Janet P. Raja Xavier
- Department of Women’s Health, Tübingen University Hospital, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.O.); (J.P.R.X.); (J.P.); (C.H.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Jana Pasternak
- Department of Women’s Health, Tübingen University Hospital, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.O.); (J.P.R.X.); (J.P.); (C.H.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Zhiqi Yang
- Department of Women’s Health, Tübingen University Hospital, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.O.); (J.P.R.X.); (J.P.); (C.H.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Cao Hang
- Department of Women’s Health, Tübingen University Hospital, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.O.); (J.P.R.X.); (J.P.); (C.H.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Bakhtiyor Nosirov
- Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1210 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Yogesh Singh
- Department of Women’s Health, Tübingen University Hospital, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.O.); (J.P.R.X.); (J.P.); (C.H.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.B.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Eberhard Karls University, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Jakob Admard
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Eberhard Karls University, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Sara Y. Brucker
- Department of Women’s Health, Tübingen University Hospital, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.O.); (J.P.R.X.); (J.P.); (C.H.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Stefan Kommoss
- Department of Women’s Health, Tübingen University Hospital, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.O.); (J.P.R.X.); (J.P.); (C.H.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.B.); (S.K.)
| | - Satoru Takeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
| | - Annette Staebler
- Institute of Pathology, Eberhard Karls University, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Florian Lang
- Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University, D-72074 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Madhuri S. Salker
- Department of Women’s Health, Tübingen University Hospital, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; (T.O.); (J.P.R.X.); (J.P.); (C.H.); (Y.S.); (S.Y.B.); (S.K.)
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Couasnay G, Garcia H, Elefteriou F. A comparative analysis of TonEBP conditional knockout mouse models reveals inter-dependency between compartments of the intervertebral disc. Development 2024; 151:dev202354. [PMID: 38421307 PMCID: PMC11006390 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Interactions between notochord and sclerotome are required for normal embryonic spine patterning, but whether the postnatal derivatives of these tissues also require interactions for postnatal intervertebral disc (IVD) growth and maintenance is less established. We report here the comparative analysis of four conditional knockout mice deficient for TonEBP, a transcription factor known to allow cells to adapt to changes in extracellular osmotic pressure, in specific compartments of the IVD. We show that TonEBP deletion in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells does not affect their survival or aggrecan expression, but promoted cell proliferation in the NP and in adjacent vertebral growth plates (GPs). In cartilage end plates/GPs, TonEBP deletion induced cell death, but also structural alterations in the adjacent NP cells and vertebral bodies. Embryonic or postnatal TonEBP loss generated similar IVD changes. In addition to demonstrating the requirement of TonEBP in the different compartments of the IVD, this comparative analysis uncovers the in vivo interdependency of the different IVD compartments during the growth of the postnatal IVD-vertebral units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greig Couasnay
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Haley Garcia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Florent Elefteriou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Liu XS, Liu ZY, Zeng DB, Hu J, Chen XL, Gu JL, Gao Y, Pei ZJ. Functional enrichment analysis reveals the involvement of DARS2 in multiple biological pathways and its potential as a therapeutic target in esophageal carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:3934-3954. [PMID: 38382106 PMCID: PMC10929822 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The enzyme Aspartyl tRNA synthetase 2 (DARS2) is a crucial enzyme in the mitochondrial tRNA synthesis pathway, playing a critical role in maintaining normal mitochondrial function and protein synthesis. However, the role of DARS2 in ESCA is unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Transcriptional data of pan-cancer and ESCA were downloaded from UCSC XENA, TCGA, and GEO databases to analyze the differential expression of DARS2 between tumor samples and normal samples, and its correlation with clinicopathological features of ESCA patients. R was used for GO, KEGG, and GSEA functional enrichment analysis of DARS2 co-expression and to analyze the connection of DARS2 with glycolysis and m6A-related genes. In vitro experiments were performed to assess the effects of interfering with DARS2 expression on ESCA cells. TarBase v.8, mirDIP, miRTarBase, ENCORI, and miRNet databases were used to analyze and construct a ceRNA network containing DARS2. RESULTS DARS2 was overexpressed in various types of tumors. In vitro experiments confirmed that interfering with DARS2 expression significantly affected the proliferation, migration, apoptosis, cell cycle, and glycolysis of ESCA cells. DARS2 may be involved in multiple biological pathways related to tumor development. Furthermore, correlation and differential analysis revealed that DARS2 may regulate ESCA m6A modification through its interaction with METTL3 and YTHDF1. A ceRNA network containing DARS2, DLEU2/has-miR-30a-5p/DARS2, was successfully predicted and constructed. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal the upregulation of DARS2 in ESCA and its association with clinical features, glycolysis pathway, m6A modification, and ceRNA network. These discoveries provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying ESCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Zi-Yue Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Dao-Bing Zeng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Danjiangkou First Hospital, Danjiangkou 420381, Hubei, China
| | - Xuan-Long Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Jiao-Long Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Pei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China
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XU YUANYUAN, CHEN XIAOKE. MicroRNA (let-7b-5p)-targeted DARS2 regulates lung adenocarcinoma growth by PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Oncol Res 2024; 32:517-528. [PMID: 38361754 PMCID: PMC10865744 DOI: 10.32604/or.2023.030293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The aberrant intracellular expression of a mitochondrial aspartyl-tRNA synthetase 2 (DARS2) has been reported in human cancers. Nevertheless, its critical role and detailed mechanism in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain unexplored. Methods Initially, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-based Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/) was used to analyze the prognostic relevance of DARS2 expression in LUAD. Further, cell counting kit (CCK)-8, immunostaining, and transwell invasion assays in LUAD cell lines in vitro, as well as DARS2 silence on LUAD by tumorigenicity experiments in vivo in nude mice, were performed. Besides, we analyzed the expression levels of p-PI3K (phosphorylated-Phosphotylinosital3 kinase), PI3K, AKT (Protein Kinase B), p-AKT (phosphorylated-Protein Kinase B), PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen), cleaved-caspase 3, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin proteins using the Western blot analysis. Results LUAD tissues showed higher DARS2 expression compared to normal tissues. Upregulation of DARS2 could be related to Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage, high lymph node metastasis, and inferior prognosis. DARS2 silence decreased the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of LUAD cells. In addition, the DARS2 downregulation decreased the PCNA and N-cadherin expression and increased cleaved-caspase 3 and E-cadherin expressions in LUAD cells, coupled with the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Moreover, DARS2 silence impaired the tumorigenicity of LUAD in vivo. Interestingly, let-7b-5p could recognize DARS2 through a complementary sequence. Mechanistically, the increased let-7b-5p expression attenuated the promo-oncogenic action of DARS2 during LUAD progression, which were inversely correlated to each other in the LUAD tissues. Conclusion In summary, let-7b-5p downregulated DARS2 expression, regulating the progression of LUAD cells by the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- YUANYUAN XU
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - XIAOKE CHEN
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Yang H, Ma L, Deng W, Fu B, Nie J, Liu X. Prognostic biomarker DARS2 correlated with immune infiltrates in bladder tumor. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1301945. [PMID: 38299141 PMCID: PMC10827901 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1301945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background DARS2 is a pivotal member of the Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases family that is critical for regulating protein translation. However, the biological role of DARS2 in bladder cancer remains elusive. Methods We analyzed the correlation between DARS2 expression and prognosis, tumor stage, and immune infiltration in bladder cancer using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We validated findings in clinical samples from The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University and explored the biological functions of DARS2 using cell and animal models. Results We found DARS2 to be upregulated in bladder cancer, associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. Immune infiltration analysis suggested that DARS2 may facilitate immune evasion by modulating PD-L1. Cell and animal experiments validated that DARS2 knockdown and overexpress can inhibit or increase cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, tumorigenesis, immune escape, and PD-L1 levels. Conclusions Our study reveals DARS2 as a potential prognostic biomarker and immunotherapy target in BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailang Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wen Deng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Fu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianqiang Nie
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Institute of Urology, Nanchang, China
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Fang T, Jiang J, Yu W, Li R, Tian H. DARS2 promotes the occurrence of lung adenocarcinoma via the ERK/c-Myc signaling pathway. Thorac Cancer 2023; 14:3511-3521. [PMID: 37950542 PMCID: PMC10733159 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DARS2 expression is upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) which correlates with tumor patient stage and prognosis. The mechanism of DARS2 involvement in LUAD still needs to be further explored. METHODS In this study, we found that DARS2 expression in LUAD tissue was significantly higher than that in normal tissue. At the same time, the Kaplan-Meier curve showed that the survival prognosis of LUAD patients with high expression of DARS2 was significantly worse than low expression of DARS2. The expression of DARS2 was detected in LUAD and adjacent normal tissues by IHC staining, histochemical scoring and a survival curve was generated. In addition, we demonstrated that the knockdown and overexpression of DARS2 significantly affected the proliferation, invasion, and migration of LUAD cells in vitro and in vivo. Finally, western blot and rescue assay were performed on LUAD cells to further explore and verify the signaling pathway. RESULTS DARS2 expression was significantly upregulated in LUAD tissues and cell lines. What is more, the increased expression of DARS2 was closely related to proliferation, invasion and metastasis. The tumorigenic assay in nude mice further showed that the tumorigenic ability of nude mice was significantly improved with the increase in DARS2 expression. Finally, we determined that DARS2 plays its role in LUAD by targeting the ERK/c-Myc signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our data revealed the oncogenic role of DARS2 in LUAD, indicating that DARS2 may be a predictive biomarker and novel therapeutic target for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Fang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Jin Jiang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Wenhao Yu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Rongyang Li
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Hui Tian
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryQilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina
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Moldogazieva NT, Zavadskiy SP, Astakhov DV, Sologova SS, Margaryan AG, Safrygina AA, Smolyarchuk EA. Differentially expressed non-coding RNAs and their regulatory networks in liver cancer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19223. [PMID: 37662778 PMCID: PMC10474437 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of human transcriptome is represented by various types of small RNAs with little or no protein-coding capability referred to as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Functional ncRNAs include microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are expressed at very low, but stable and reproducible levels in a variety of cell types. ncRNAs regulate gene expression due to miRNA capability of complementary base pairing with mRNAs, whereas lncRNAs and circRNAs can sponge miRNAs off their target mRNAs to act as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs). Each miRNA can target multiple mRNAs and a single mRNA can interact with several miRNAs, thereby creating miRNA-mRNA, lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA, and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks. Over the past few years, a variety of differentially expressed miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs (DEMs, DELs, and DECs, respectively) have been linked to cancer pathogenesis. They can exert both oncogenic and tumor suppressor roles. In this review, we discuss the recent advancements in uncovering the roles of DEMs, DELs, and DECs and their networks in aberrant cell signaling, cell cycle, transcription, angiogenesis, and apoptosis, as well as tumor microenvironment remodeling and metabolic reprogramming during hepatocarcinogenesis. We highlight the potential and challenges in the use of differentially expressed ncRNAs as biomarkers for liver cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurbubu T. Moldogazieva
- Department of Pharmacology, Nelyubin Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, 8 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey P. Zavadskiy
- Department of Pharmacology, Nelyubin Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, 8 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Astakhov
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biodesign and Complex Systems Modelling, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, 8 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Susanna S. Sologova
- Department of Pharmacology, Nelyubin Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, 8 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Arus G. Margaryan
- Department of Pharmacology, Nelyubin Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, 8 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya A. Safrygina
- Department of Pharmacology, Nelyubin Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, 8 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena A. Smolyarchuk
- Department of Pharmacology, Nelyubin Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, 8 Trubetskaya str., Moscow, Russia
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Liu XS, Yuan LL, Gao Y, Ming X, Zhang YH, Zhang Y, Liu ZY, Yang Y, Pei ZJ. DARS2 overexpression is associated with PET/CT metabolic parameters and affects glycolytic activity in lung adenocarcinoma. J Transl Med 2023; 21:574. [PMID: 37626419 PMCID: PMC10463715 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04454-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the correlation between the expression of DARS2 and metabolic parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT, and explored the potential mechanisms of DARS2 affecting the proliferation and glycolysis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells. METHODS This study used genomics and proteomics to analyze the difference in DARS2 expression between LUAD samples and control samples. An analysis of 62 patients with LUAD who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations before surgery was conducted retrospectively. The correlation between DARS2 expression and PET/CT metabolic parameters, including SUVmax, SUVmean, MTV, and TLG, was examined by Spearman correlation analysis. In addition, the molecular mechanism of interfering with DARS2 expression in inhibiting LUAD cell proliferation and glycolysis was analyzed through in vitro cell experiments. RESULTS DARS2 expression was significantly higher in LUAD samples than in control samples (p < 0.001). DARS2 has high specificity (98.4%) and sensitivity (95.2%) in the diagnosis of LUAD. DARS2 expression was positively correlated with SUVmax, SUVmean, and TLG (p < 0.001). At the same time, the sensitivity and specificity of SUVmax in predicting DARS2 overexpression in LUAD were 88.9% and 65.9%, respectively. In vitro cell experiments have shown that interfering with DARS2 expression can inhibit the proliferation and migration of LUAD cells, promote cell apoptosis, and inhibit the glycolytic activity of tumor cells by inhibiting the expression of glycolytic related genes SLC2A1, GPI, ALDOA, and PGAM1. CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of DARS2 is associated with metabolic parameters on 18F-FDG PET/CT, which can improve LUAD diagnosis accuracy. DARS2 may be a useful biomarker to diagnose, prognosis, and target treatment of LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Ling-Ling Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Xing Ming
- Department of Infection Control, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Yao-Hua Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Zi-Yue Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Pei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China.
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Wei F, Meng D. Study on the role of histone epigenetic modification in replication of hepatitis B virus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 669:1-9. [PMID: 37247516 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health problem and lacks effective therapies in clinic. This study attempted to investigate the role of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) in HBV replication. Cells were treated with 1.3 folds of HBV genome. The expression patterns of HDAC3, miR-29a-3p, and nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 (NFAT5) in cells were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. HBV replication was assessed by measurements of HBV DNA, HBV RNA, hepatitis B surface antigen, and hepatitis B E antigen. After chromatin immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down assays to testify gene interactions, rescue experiments and animal experiments were performed to assess the role of miR-29a-3p/NFAT5 in HBV replication and the role of HDAC3 in vivo. HDAC3 level was decreased by pHBV1.3 plasmid in a concentration-dependent manner. HDAC3 overexpression can inhibit HBV replication, which was neutralized by miR-29a-3p overexpression or NFAT5 downregulation. Mechanically, HDAC3 overexpression reduced the enrichment of histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation on the miR-29a-3p promoter to inhibit miR-29a-3p expression and then promote NFAT5 transcription. In vivo, HDAC3 restrained HBV replication through the miR-29a-3p/NFAT5 axis. Overall, HDAC3 downregulation was associated with HBV replication and HDAC3 overexpression inhibited HBV replication through H3K9ac/miR-29a-3p/NFAT5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Wei
- Department of infectious diseases, Jincheng people's hospital, Jincheng Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Jincheng, 048000, China.
| | - Die Meng
- Department of infectious diseases, Jincheng people's hospital, Jincheng Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Jincheng, 048000, China
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Liu C, Lin J, Yang H, Li N, Tang L, Neumann D, Ding X, Zhu L. NFAT5 Restricts Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Productive Infection in MDBK Cell Cultures. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0011723. [PMID: 37227295 PMCID: PMC10434061 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00117-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1), an important bovine viral pathogen, causes severe disease in the upper respiratory tract and reproductive system. Tonicity-responsive enhancer-binding protein (TonEBP), also known as nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5), is a pleiotropic stress protein involved in a range of cellular processes. In this study, we showed that the knockdown of NFAT5 by siRNA increased BoHV-1 productive infection and overexpression of NFAT5 via plasmid transfection decreased virus production in bovine kidney (MDBK) cells. Virus productive infection at later stages significantly increased transcription of NFAT5 but not appreciably alter measurable NFAT5 protein levels. Virus infection relocalized NFAT5 protein and decreased the cytosol accumulation. Importantly, we found a subset of NFAT5 resides in mitochondria, and virus infection led to the depletion of mitochondrial NFAT5. In addition to full-length NFAT5, another two isoforms with distinct molecular weights were exclusively detected in the nucleus, where the accumulation was differentially affected following virus infection. In addition, virus infection differentially altered mRNA levels of PGK1, SMIT, and BGT-1, the canonical downstream targets regulated by NFAT5. Taken together, NFAT5 is a potential host factor that restricts BoHV-1 productive infection, and virus infection hijacks NFAT5 signaling transduction by relocalization of NFAT5 molecules in cytoplasm, nucleus, and mitochondria, as well as altered expression of its downstream targets. IMPORTANCE Accumulating studies have revealed that NFAT5 regulates disease development due to infection of numerous viruses, underlying the importance of the host factor in virus pathogenesis. Here, we report that NFAT5 has capacity to restrict BoHV-1 productive infection in vitro. And virus productive infection at later stages may alter NFAT5 signaling pathway as observed by relocalization of NFAT5 protein, reduced accumulation of NFAT5 in cytosol, and differential expression of NFAT5 downstream targets. Importantly, for the first time, we found that a subset of NFAT5 resides in mitochondria, implying that NFAT5 may regulate mitochondrial functions, which will extend our knowledge on NFAT5 biological activities. Moreover, we found two NFAT5 isoforms with distinct molecular weights were exclusively detected in the nucleus, where the accumulation was differentially affected following virus infection, representing a novel regulation mechanism on NFAT5 function in response to BoHV-1infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jiayu Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Hao Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Ningxi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Linke Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Donna Neumann
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Xiuyan Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Liqian Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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15
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Zhang C, Zhang C, Liu X, Sun W, Liu H. Circular RNA PGPEP1 induces colorectal cancer malignancy and immune escape. Cell Cycle 2023; 22:1743-1758. [PMID: 37424115 PMCID: PMC10446806 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2023.2225923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent gastrointestinal tumor globally. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified as regulatory players in the pathogenesis of CRC. However, it is unclear whether hsa_circ_0050102 (circPGPEP1) affects the malignant progression and immune escape in CRC. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis and circRNA in vivo precipitation experiments were performed to analyze and identify circRNAs that mediate immune escape in CRC. Using luciferase reporter assay, RIP, RNA pull-down assay, and FISH, the interaction between circPGPEP1, miR-515-5p, and nuclear factor of activated T-cell 5 (NFAT5) was identified. The functional role of circPGPEP1/miR-515-5p/NFAT5 axis in CRC anti-tumor immunity was investigated by co-culture assay, CFSE assay, and flow cytometry of CRC cells and T cells. RESULTS circPGPEP1 was a stable circRNA that was highly expressed in CRC. Functionally, circPGPEP1 silencing not only effectively inhibited CRC cell proliferation, migration, EMT, and immune escape and promoted apoptosis in vitro, but also inhibited CRC tumor growth and immune escape in vivo. In terms of the regulatory mechanism, circIGF2BP3 competitively upregulated NFAT5 expression by sponging miR-515-5p. Furthermore, functional rescue experiments showed that circPGPEP1 acted in CRC by regulating the miR-515-5p/NFAT5 axis. CONCLUSION Collectively, circPGPEP1 exerts an oncogene role in CRC by regulating the miR-515-5p/NFAT5 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - ChengZhao Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - XinLu Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - WenShuo Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - HuanRan Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Ucer O, Kocaman N. New candidates in the differential diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma from benign mesothelial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma; DARS2 and suprabasin. Tissue Cell 2022; 79:101920. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Qiu S, Wang Y, Rao H, Que Q, Wu Y, Zhu R, Feng X, Chi J, Lai W, Sun Y, Xiao Q, Shi H, Xiang Y. Tumor microenvironment-associated lactate metabolism regulates the prognosis and precise checkpoint immunotherapy outcomes of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:256. [PMID: 36411477 PMCID: PMC9677690 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00895-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the wide clinical application of checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy in lung adenocarcinoma, its limited benefit to patients remains puzzling to researchers. One of the mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance may be the dysregulation of lactate metabolism in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which can inhibit dendritic cell maturation and prevent T-cell invasion into tumors. However, the key genes related to lactate metabolism and their influence on the immunotherapeutic effects in lung adenocarcinoma have not yet been investigated in depth. METHODS In this study, we first surveyed the dysregulated expression of genes related to lactate metabolism in lung adenocarcinoma and then characterized their biological functions. Using machine learning methods, we constructed a lactate-associated gene signature in The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort and validated its effectiveness in predicting the prognosis and immunotherapy outcomes of patients in the Gene Expression Omnibus cohorts. RESULTS A 7-gene signature based on the metabolomics related to lactate metabolism was found to be associated with multiple important clinical features of cancer and was an independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that rather than being simply a metabolic byproduct of glycolysis, lactate in the TME can affect immunotherapy outcomes. Therefore, the mechanism underlying this effect of lactate is worthy of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Qiu
- grid.440714.20000 0004 1797 9454Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, No 23, Qingnian Road, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- grid.440714.20000 0004 1797 9454Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, No 23, Qingnian Road, Ganzhou, China
| | - Hui Rao
- grid.440714.20000 0004 1797 9454Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, No 23, Qingnian Road, Ganzhou, China
| | - Qiuyang Que
- grid.440714.20000 0004 1797 9454Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, No 23, Qingnian Road, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yanyang Wu
- grid.440714.20000 0004 1797 9454Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, No 23, Qingnian Road, Ganzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- grid.440714.20000 0004 1797 9454Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, No 23, Qingnian Road, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiaofei Feng
- grid.440714.20000 0004 1797 9454Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, No 23, Qingnian Road, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jun Chi
- grid.440714.20000 0004 1797 9454Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, No 23, Qingnian Road, Ganzhou, China
| | - Weiling Lai
- grid.440714.20000 0004 1797 9454Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, No 23, Qingnian Road, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yihang Sun
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Xiao
- Jiangkou Town Central Health Center, Ganxian District, Ganzhou, China
| | - Huaqiu Shi
- grid.440714.20000 0004 1797 9454Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, No 23, Qingnian Road, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yi Xiang
- grid.440714.20000 0004 1797 9454Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, No 23, Qingnian Road, Ganzhou, China
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Li J, Qiao H, Wu F, Sun S, Feng C, Li C, Yan W, Lv W, Wu H, Liu M, Chen X, Liu X, Wang W, Cai Y, Zhang Y, Zhou Z, Zhang Y, Zhang S. A novel hypoxia- and lactate metabolism-related signature to predict prognosis and immunotherapy responses for breast cancer by integrating machine learning and bioinformatic analyses. Front Immunol 2022; 13:998140. [PMID: 36275774 PMCID: PMC9585224 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.998140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundBreast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. Hypoxia and lactate metabolism are hallmarks of cancer. This study aimed to construct a novel hypoxia- and lactate metabolism-related gene signature to predict the survival, immune microenvironment, and treatment response of breast cancer patients.MethodsRNA-seq and clinical data of breast cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and Gene Expression Omnibus were downloaded. Hypoxia- and lactate metabolism-related genes were collected from publicly available data sources. The differentially expressed genes were identified using the “edgeR” R package. Univariate Cox regression, random survival forest (RSF), and stepwise multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to construct the hypoxia-lactate metabolism-related prognostic model (HLMRPM). Further analyses, including functional enrichment, ESTIMATE, CIBERSORTx, Immune Cell Abundance Identifier (ImmuCellAI), TIDE, immunophenoscore (IPS), pRRophetic, and CellMiner, were performed to analyze immune status and treatment responses.ResultsWe identified 181 differentially expressed hypoxia-lactate metabolism-related genes (HLMRGs), 24 of which were valuable prognostic genes. Using RSF and stepwise multivariate Cox regression analysis, five HLMRGs were included to establish the HLMRPM. According to the medium-risk score, patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups. Patients in the high-risk group had a worse prognosis than those in the low-risk group (P < 0.05). A nomogram was further built to predict overall survival (OS). Functional enrichment analyses showed that the low-risk group was enriched with immune-related pathways, such as antigen processing and presentation and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, whereas the high-risk group was enriched in mTOR and Wnt signaling pathways. CIBERSORTx and ImmuCellAI showed that the low-risk group had abundant anti-tumor immune cells, whereas in the high-risk group, immunosuppressive cells were dominant. Independent immunotherapy datasets (IMvigor210 and GSE78220), TIDE, IPS and pRRophetic analyses revealed that the low-risk group responded better to common immunotherapy and chemotherapy drugs.ConclusionsWe constructed a novel prognostic signature combining lactate metabolism and hypoxia to predict OS, immune status, and treatment response of patients with breast cancer, providing a viewpoint for individualized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Hao Qiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shiyu Sun
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Cong Feng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chaofan Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wanjun Yan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei Lv
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Huizi Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mengjie Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yifan Cai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhangjian Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Shuqun Zhang, ; Yinbin Zhang, ; Zhangjian Zhou,
| | - Yinbin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Shuqun Zhang, ; Yinbin Zhang, ; Zhangjian Zhou,
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Shuqun Zhang, ; Yinbin Zhang, ; Zhangjian Zhou,
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19
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Wang Q, Feng J, Tang L. Non-Coding RNA Related to MAPK Signaling Pathway in Liver Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11908. [PMID: 36233210 PMCID: PMC9570382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The advancement in high-throughput sequencing analysis and the evaluation of chromatin state maps have revealed that eukaryotic cells produce many non-coding transcripts/RNAs. Further, a strong association was observed between some non-coding RNAs and cancer development. The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) belong to the serine-threonine kinase family and are the primary signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation from the cell surface to the nucleus. They play an important role in various human diseases. A few non-coding RNAs associated with the MAPK signaling pathway play a significant role in the development of several malignancies, including liver cancer. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms and interactions of microRNA, lncRNA, and other non-coding RNAs in the development of liver cancer that are associated with the MAPK signaling pathway. Further, we briefly discuss the therapeutic strategies for liver cancer related to ncRNA and the MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jianguo Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Liling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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20
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Liu T, Liao S, Mo J, Bai X, Li Y, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Cheng R, Zhao N, Che N, Guo Y, Dong X, Zhao X. LncRNA n339260 functions in hepatocellular carcinoma progression via regulation of miRNA30e-5p/TP53INP1 expression. J Gastroenterol 2022; 57:784-797. [PMID: 35802258 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-022-01901-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, the molecular mechanism of the interaction between lncRNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) and the target of miRNAs in tumor vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation have not been clarified. Our aim is to study the interaction between lncRNA n339260 and miRNA30e-5p in the formation of VM. METHODS Animal xenografts were established, 104 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients' frozen tissues were obtained and HCC cells in vitro were used to observe the role of n339260 in HCC progression. RESULTS In vivo experiment showed lncRNA n339260 promoted tumor growth and VM formation. LncRNA n339260 and miRNA30e-5p were found to be associated with VM formation, metastasis and survival time in HCC patients. In vitro experiment showed that LncRNA n339260 could inhibit miRNA30e-5p expression and TP53INP1 was found to be the downstream targets of miRNA30e-5p. Snail, MMP2, MMP9, VE-cadherin, vimentin and N-cadherin overexpression and the downregulation of TP53INP1 and E-cadherin were observed in HCCLM3 and HepG2 cells overexpressing lncRNA n339260 or in cells with decreased expression of miRNA30e-5p. CONCLUSION LncRNA n339260 promotes the development of VM, and lncRNA n339260 may enhance Snail expression by decreasing the expression of miRNA30e-5p, thereby reducing TP53INP1 expression. Therefore, a potential lncRNA n339260- miRNA30e-5p- TP53INP1 regulatory axis was associated with HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieju Liu
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Shihan Liao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Jing Mo
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xiaoyu Bai
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yanlei Li
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Danfang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Runfen Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Na Che
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yuhong Guo
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Xueyi Dong
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xiulan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China. .,Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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21
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Jiang Y, You J, Wu C, Kang Y, Chen F, Chen L, Wu W. High expression of DARS2 indicates poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24691. [PMID: 36085578 PMCID: PMC9550967 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background DARS2 was overexpressed in multiple tumor types, but the biological role of DARS2 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have not been elucidated. Methods Firstly, the DARS2 expression in LUAD was explored using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Then, qRT‐PCR and Western blot were performed to confirm DARS2 expression in LUAD. Next, Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier methods were utilized to evaluate whether DARS2 expression can affect the overall survival. The relationships between DARS2 expression and clinicopathological characteristics were investigated by TCGA database. Moreover, we utilized Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to detect DARS2‐related signaling pathways in LUAD. Finally, the special function of DARS2 in cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis was assessed in vitro. Results The higher expression of DARS2 was found in LUAD compared to para‐carcinoma tissues and significantly related to tumor stage, T stage, and M stage. The survival analysis indicated that DARS2 overexpression was related to poor prognosis in LUAD. Multivariate analysis suggested that DARS2 expression was a prognostic indicator. GSEA revealed that DARS2 was primarily involved in cell cycle‐related pathways. In addition, upregulation of DARS2 facilitated LUAD cell proliferation, migration, invasion and inhabited apoptosis, DARS2 knockdown showed an opposite result. Conclusion DARS2 modulates the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of LUAD cells, and sever as a promising therapeutic target for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfeng Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianbin You
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chuncai Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Yanli Kang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Falin Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liangyuan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenbing Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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22
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Wusiman W, Zhang Z, Ding Q, Liu M. The pathophyiological role of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in digestive system diseases. Front Physiol 2022; 13:935576. [PMID: 36017335 PMCID: PMC9396140 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.935576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) catalyze the ligation of amino acids to their cognate transfer RNAs and are indispensable enzymes for protein biosynthesis in all the cells. Previously, ARSs were considered simply as housekeeping enzymes, however, they are now known to be involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, such as tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and immune response. In this review, we summarize the role of ARSs in the digestive system, including the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon, as well as the auxiliary organs such as the pancreas, liver, and the gallbladder. Furthermore, we specifically focus on the diagnostic and prognostic value of ARSs in cancers, aiming to provide new insights into the pathophysiological implications of ARSs in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wugelanmu Wusiman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zerui Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Mei Liu,
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23
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Mousavi M, Nayeri Fasaei B, Tafsiri E, Yahya Rayat R, Ghalyanchi Langeroudi A. Investigation of the target genes of BLV miRNAs and the expression levels of miR-B4-3p and miR-B2-5p in cattle infected with Bovine Leukemia Virus. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2022; 13:265-274. [PMID: 35919847 PMCID: PMC9340297 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2020.123330.2908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) is an oncogenic retrovirus of the genus Deltaretrovirus. The genome of BLV encodes a cluster of 10 mature microRNAs (miRNAs). Considering the importance of miRNAs in regulating gene expression, it seems that each of the miRNAs of BLV plays a vital role in the process of pathogenesis and tumorigenesis of the virus. First, sequences of each of the miRNAs of BLV were selected and downloaded from the miRBase database. The sequences were then investigated using TargetScan and miRWalk to identify target genes of each of the mature miRNAs of the virus. Second, the expression levels of the two miRNAs with the highest number of target genes in B lymphocytes and lymphoid tissues were evaluated using qPCR and were compared between cattle with different forms of BLV infection: PL form was compared to aleukemic (AL) form (Group 1) and BLV+ with normal lymph nodes were compared to lymphosarcoma form (Group 2). We identified a total of 1595 target genes of the micro RNAs. The miRNAs with the highest target genes included miR-B4-3p with 760 and B2-5p with 102 target genes. In the second phase, miRNA expression in BLV-infected animals was investigated. The Fold Change (FC) values for miR-B4-3p and miR-B2-5p in group 1 were 22 and 67, respectively. In the second group, the FCs for miR-B4-3p and miR-B2-5p were 47 and 133, respectively. The expression was significantly higher in persistent lymphocytosis (PL) cattle in group one and lymphosarcoma cattle in group two.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Mousavi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Bahar Nayeri Fasaei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Elham Tafsiri
- Department of Molecular Medical Genetics, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ramak Yahya Rayat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Arash Ghalyanchi Langeroudi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; ,Correspondence Arash Ghalyanchi Langeroudi. DVM, PhD , Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran . E-mail:
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24
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Mitochondrial-Related Transcriptome Feature Correlates with Prognosis, Vascular Invasion, Tumor Microenvironment, and Treatment Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1592905. [PMID: 35535359 PMCID: PMC9078845 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1592905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common subtype of primary liver cancer, which was highly correlated with metabolic dysfunction. Nevertheless, the association between nuclear mitochondrial-related transcriptome and HCC remained unclear. Materials and Methods A total of 147 nuclear mitochondrial-related genes (NMRGs) were downloaded from the MITOMAP: A Human Mitochondrial Genome Database. The training dataset was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), while validation datasets were retrieved from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The univariate and multivariate, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analyses were applied to construct a NMRG signature, and the value of area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was utilized to assess the signature and nomogram. Then, data from the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) were used for the evaluation of chemotherapy response in HCC. Results Functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HCC and paired normal tissue samples demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction was significantly associated with HCC development. Survival analysis showed a total of 35 NMRGs were significantly correlated with overall survival (OS) of HCC, and the LASSO Cox regression analysis further identified a 25-NMRG signature and corresponding prognosis score based on their transcriptional profiling. HCC patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups according to the median prognosis score, and high-risk patients had significantly worse OS (median OS: 27.50 vs. 83.18 months, P < 0.0001). The AUC values for OS at 1, 3, and 5 years were 0.79, 0.77, and 0.77, respectively. The prognostic capacity of NMRG signature was verified in the GSE14520 dataset and ICGC-HCC cohort. Besides, the NMRG signature outperformed each NMRG and clinical features in prognosis prediction and could also differentiate whether patients presented with vascular invasions (VIs) or not. Subsequently, a prognostic nomogram (C-index: 0.753, 95% CI: 0.703~0.804) by the integration of age, tumor metastasis, and NMRG prognosis score was constructed with the AUC values for OS at 1, 3, and 5 years were 0.82, 0.81, and 0.82, respectively. Notably, significant enrichment of regulatory and follicular helper T cells in high-risk group indicated the potential treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitors for these patients. Interestingly, the NMRG signature could also identify the potential responders of sorafenib or transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment. Additionally, HCC patients in high-risk group appeared to be more sensitive to cisplatin, vorinostat, and methotrexate, reversely, patients in low-risk group had significantly higher sensitivity to paclitaxel and bleomycin instead. Conclusions In summary, the development of NMRG signature provided a more comprehensive understanding of mitochondrial dysfunction in HCC, helped predict prognosis and tumor microenvironment, and provided potential targeted therapies for HCC patients with different NMRG prognosis scores.
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25
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Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal microRNA-381-3p alleviates vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease by targeting NFAT5. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:278. [PMID: 35351860 PMCID: PMC8964813 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04703-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is a significant complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cellular apoptosis is one of the intricate mechanisms of VC. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome (BMSC-Exo) alleviates VC, but the mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the mechanism of BMSC-Exo using high phosphate stimulated Human aortic smooth muscle cells (HA-VSMCs) and 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy (SNx) rat models. We demonstrated that the effect of BMSC-Exo on the inhibition of cellular apoptosis and calcification partially depended on exosomal microRNA-381-3p (miR-381-3p) both in vivo and in vitro, and confirmed that miR-381-3p could inhibit Nuclear Factor of Activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) expression by directly binding to its 3′ untranslated region. Additionally, we found that severe calcification of arteries in dialysis patients was associated with decreased miR-381-3p and increased NFAT5 expression levels. Collectively, our findings proved that BMSC-Exo plays anti-calcification and anti-apoptosis roles in CKD by delivering enclosed miR-381-3p, which directly targets NFAT5 mRNA, and leads to a better understanding of the mechanism of CKD-VC. ![]()
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26
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García-Cárdenas JM, Armendáriz-Castillo I, Pérez-Villa A, Indacochea A, Jácome-Alvarado A, López-Cortés A, Guerrero S. Integrated In Silico Analyses Identify PUF60 and SF3A3 as New Spliceosome-Related Breast Cancer RNA-Binding Proteins. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11040481. [PMID: 35453681 PMCID: PMC9030152 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
More women are diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) than any other type of cancer. Although large-scale efforts have completely redefined cancer, a cure remains unattainable. In that respect, new molecular functions of the cell should be investigated, such as post-transcriptional regulation. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are emerging as critical post-transcriptional modulators of tumorigenesis, but only a few have clear roles in BC. To recognize new putative breast cancer RNA-binding proteins, we performed integrated in silico analyses of all human RBPs (n = 1392) in three major cancer databases and identified five putative BC RBPs (PUF60, TFRC, KPNB1, NSF, and SF3A3), which showed robust oncogenic features related to their genomic alterations, immunohistochemical changes, high interconnectivity with cancer driver genes (CDGs), and tumor vulnerabilities. Interestingly, some of these RBPs have never been studied in BC, but their oncogenic functions have been described in other cancer types. Subsequent analyses revealed PUF60 and SF3A3 as central elements of a spliceosome-related cluster involving RBPs and CDGs. Further research should focus on the mechanisms by which these proteins could promote breast tumorigenesis, with the potential to reveal new therapeutic pathways along with novel drug-development strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennyfer M. García-Cárdenas
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Salud y de la Vida, Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito 170113, Ecuador; (J.M.G.-C.); (A.J.-A.)
- Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruna, Spain
- Latin American Network for the Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), 28001 Madrid, Spain; (I.A.-C.); (A.P.-V.)
| | - Isaac Armendáriz-Castillo
- Latin American Network for the Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), 28001 Madrid, Spain; (I.A.-C.); (A.P.-V.)
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Quito 170136, Ecuador
- Facultad de Ingenierías y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Internacional SEK, Quito 170302, Ecuador
| | - Andy Pérez-Villa
- Latin American Network for the Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), 28001 Madrid, Spain; (I.A.-C.); (A.P.-V.)
| | - Alberto Indacochea
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Andrea Jácome-Alvarado
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Salud y de la Vida, Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito 170113, Ecuador; (J.M.G.-C.); (A.J.-A.)
| | - Andrés López-Cortés
- Latin American Network for the Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), 28001 Madrid, Spain; (I.A.-C.); (A.P.-V.)
- Programa de Investigación en Salud Global, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional SEK, Quito 170302, Ecuador
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170124, Ecuador
- Correspondence: (A.L.-C.); (S.G.)
| | - Santiago Guerrero
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Salud y de la Vida, Universidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito 170113, Ecuador; (J.M.G.-C.); (A.J.-A.)
- Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071 A Coruna, Spain
- Latin American Network for the Implementation and Validation of Clinical Pharmacogenomics Guidelines (RELIVAF-CYTED), 28001 Madrid, Spain; (I.A.-C.); (A.P.-V.)
- Correspondence: (A.L.-C.); (S.G.)
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27
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Han L, Huang C, Wang X, Tong D. The RNA-binding protein GRSF1 promotes hepatocarcinogenesis via competitively binding to YY1 mRNA with miR-30e-5p. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:17. [PMID: 34998399 PMCID: PMC8742353 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02217-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Dysregulation of RNA binding protein (RBP) expression has been confirmed to be causally linked with tumorigenesis. The detailed biological effect and underlying mechanisms of the RBP GRSF1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Methods HCC cells with stable knockdown of GRSF1 were established using two sh-RNA-encoding lentiviruses. The functions of GRSF1 in HCC were explored using MTT, colony formation, flow cytometry, and Transwell assays and a xenograft model. Transcriptomic sequencing in GRSF1-deficient MHCC-97H cells was carried out to identify the downstream effector of GRSF1. The regulatory mechanisms among GRSF1, YY1 and miR-30e-5p were investigated via RNA immunoprecipitation, luciferase, RNA pull-down and ChIP assays. Several in vivo assays were used to assess the selectivity of the small-molecule compound VE-821 in HCC and to confirm the absence of general toxicity in animal models. Results GRSF1 was frequently increased in HCC tissue and cells and was associated with worse clinical outcomes. GRSF1 functions as a novel oncogenic RBP by enhancing YY1 mRNA stability, and the GUUU motifs within the YY1 3`UTR 2663-2847 were the specific binding motifs for GRSF1. YY1 feedback promoted GRSF1 expression by binding to the GRSF1 promoter. In addition, YY1 was a critical target of miR-30e-5p, which was confirmed in this study to inhibit HCC hepatocarcinogenesis. GRSF1 and miR-30e-5p competitively regulated YY1 by binding to its 3`UTR 2663-2847 region. Finally, we identified that VE-821 blocked HCC progression by inhibiting the GRSF1/YY1 pathway. Conclusion This study revealed the interaction network among GRSF1, YY1 and miR-30e-5p, providing new insight into HCC pathogenesis, and indicated that VE821 may serve as a novel agent with potential for HCC treatment through inhibition of the GRSF1/YY1 axis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02217-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Han
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Chen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Dongdong Tong
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
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28
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Sun N, Chu J, Hu W, Chen X, Yi N, Shen Y. A novel 14-gene signature for overall survival in lung adenocarcinoma based on the Bayesian hierarchical Cox proportional hazards model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:27. [PMID: 34996932 PMCID: PMC8741994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03645-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been few investigations of cancer prognosis models based on Bayesian hierarchical models. In this study, we used a novel Bayesian method to screen mRNAs and estimate the effects of mRNAs on the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Based on the identified mRNAs, we can build a prognostic model combining mRNAs and clinical features, allowing us to explore new molecules with the potential to predict the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. The mRNA data (n = 594) and clinical data (n = 470) for lung adenocarcinoma were obtained from the TCGA database. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), univariate Cox proportional hazards regression, and the Bayesian hierarchical Cox proportional hazards model were used to explore the mRNAs related to the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression was used to identify independent markers. The prediction performance of the prognostic model was evaluated not only by the internal cross-validation but also by the external validation based on the GEO dataset (n = 437). With the Bayesian hierarchical Cox proportional hazards model, a 14-gene signature that included CPS1, CTPS2, DARS2, IGFBP3, MCM5, MCM7, NME4, NT5E, PLK1, POLR3G, PTTG1, SERPINB5, TXNRD1, and TYMS was established to predict overall survival in lung adenocarcinoma. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the 14-gene signature (HR 3.960, 95% CI 2.710–5.786), T classification (T1, reference; T3, HR 1.925, 95% CI 1.104–3.355) and N classification (N0, reference; N1, HR 2.212, 95% CI 1.520–3.220; N2, HR 2.260, 95% CI 1.499–3.409) were independent predictors. The C-index of the model was 0.733 and 0.735, respectively, after performing cross-validation and external validation, a nomogram was provided for better prediction in clinical application. Bayesian hierarchical Cox proportional hazards models can be used to integrate high-dimensional omics information into a prediction model for lung adenocarcinoma to improve the prognostic prediction and discover potential targets. This approach may be a powerful predictive tool for clinicians treating malignant tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jiadong Chu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xuanli Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Nengjun Yi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Yueping Shen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Hu F, Liu H, Wang C, Li H, Qiao L. Expression of the microRNA-30 family in pulmonary arterial hypertension and the role of microRNA-30d-5p in the regulation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell toxicity and apoptosis. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:108. [PMID: 34976150 PMCID: PMC8674961 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.11031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The biological processes of pulmonary artery vascular smooth muscle cells (PA-SMCs) and pulmonary artery endothelial cells in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are generally abnormal, with increased levels of proliferation and reduced levels of apoptosis. Although microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) participate in a number of biological processes in a variety of diseases, such as tumors and infections, studies on the association between miRNAs and PAH are limited. In the present study, blood samples were collected from 6 patients with patent ductus arteriosus. The experimental group included 3 patients with severe PAH, while the control group included 3 patients without PAH. Microarray technology was used to detect the presence of any associated miRNAs. Moreover, a rat PAH model was established via left lung resection followed by monocrotaline injection, involving a total of 8 rats in the PAH group and 8 untreated rat in the control group. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was performed to verify the expression levels of the miR-30 family in the animal model. miR-30d-5p mimics and anti-miR-30d-5p were transfected into primary cultured PA-SMCs. Levels of cytotoxicity and cell apoptosis were examined, and Notch-3 expression levels were studied using western blotting. The results of the present study demonstrated that miR-30d-5p expression was downregulated in both patient blood and animal models of the PAH group compared with control groups. In primary cultured PA-SMCs, overexpression of miR-30d-5p attenuated the platelet-derived growth factor-induced toxicity of PA-SMCs, while knockdown of miR-30d-5p resulted in the increased toxicity of PA-SMCs compared with control group. The apoptosis rate of PA-SMCs increased with the overexpression of miR-30d-5p compared with control group. Moreover, the expression levels of Notch-3 in the miR-30d-5p group were significantly reduced compared with the anti-miR-30d-5p and miR-NC groups. In total, 10 circulating miRNAs that may be associated with PAH were discovered in the present study. Moreover, the expression of the miR-30 family was verified in animal models in vivo, and seven miRNAs in this family were discovered that may be associated with PAH. Additionally, miR-30d-5p was downregulated in both patients with PAH and animal models compared with control groups. Thus, the results of the present study demonstrated that the regulatory mechanism underlying PA-SMCs may be via the Notch-3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hanmin Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hanwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Lina Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Jiang X, Xia Y, Meng H, Liu Y, Cui J, Huang H, Yin G, Shi B. Identification of a Nuclear Mitochondrial-Related Multi-Genes Signature to Predict the Prognosis of Bladder Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:746029. [PMID: 34692528 PMCID: PMC8528313 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.746029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most prevalent urinary cancers, and its management is still a problem causing recurrence and progression, elevating mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS We aimed at the nuclear mitochondria-related genes (MTRGs), collected from the MITOMAP: A Human Mitochondrial Genome Database. Meanwhile, the expression profiles and clinical information of BC were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) as a training group. The univariate, multivariate, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analyses were used to construct a nuclear mitochondrial-related multi-genes signature and the prognostic nomogram. RESULTS A total of 17 nuclear MTRGs were identified to be correlated with the overall survival (OS) of BC patients, and a nuclear MTRGs signature based on 16 genes expression was further determined by the LASSO Cox regression analysis. Based on a nuclear MTRGs scoring system, BC patients from the TCGA cohort were divided into high- and low- nuclear MTRGs score groups. Patients with a high nuclear MTRGs score exhibited a significantly poorer outcome (median OS: 92.90 vs 20.20 months, p<0.0001). The nuclear MTRGs signature was further verified in three independent datasets, namely, GSE13507, GSE31684, and GSE32548, from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The BC patients with a high nuclear MTRGs score had significantly worse survival (median OS in GSE13507: 31.52 vs 98.00 months, p<0.05; GSE31684: 32.85 months vs unreached, p<0.05; GSE32548: unreached vs unreached, p<0.05). Furthermore, muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients had a significantly higher nuclear MTRGs score (p<0.05) than non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients. The integrated signature outperformed each involved MTRG. In addition, a nuclear MTRGs-based nomogram was constructed as a novel prediction prognosis model, whose AUC values for OS at 1, 3, 5 years were 0.76, 0.75, and 0.75, respectively, showing the prognostic nomogram had good and stable predicting ability. Enrichment analyses of the hallmark gene set and KEGG pathway revealed that the E2F targets, G2M checkpoint pathways, and cell cycle had influences on the survival of BC patients. Furthermore, the analysis of tumor microenvironment indicated more CD8+ T cells and higher immune score in patients with high nuclear MTRGs score, which might confer sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Not only could the signature and prognostic nomogram predict the prognosis of BC, but it also had potential therapeutic guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Benkang Shi
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji’nan, China
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Wei C, Chen M, Deng W, Bie L, Ma Y, Zhang C, Liu K, Shen W, Wang S, Yang C, Luo S, Li N. Characterization of gastric cancer stem-like molecular features, immune and pharmacogenomic landscapes. Brief Bioinform 2021; 23:6375060. [PMID: 34571533 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbab386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) actively reprogram their tumor microenvironment (TME) to sustain a supportive niche, which may have a dramatic impact on prognosis and immunotherapy. However, our knowledge of the landscape of the gastric cancer stem-like cell (GCSC) microenvironment needs to be further improved. A multi-step process of machine learning approaches was performed to develop and validate the prognostic and predictive potential of the GCSC-related score (GCScore). The high GCScore subgroup was not only associated with stem cell characteristics, but also with a potential immune escape mechanism. Furthermore, we experimentally demonstrated the upregulated infiltration of CD206+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the invasive margin region, which in turn maintained the stem cell properties of tumor cells. Finally, we proposed that the GCScore showed a robust capacity for prediction for immunotherapy, and investigated potential therapeutic targets and compounds for patients with a high GCScore. The results indicate that the proposed GCScore can be a promising predictor of prognosis and responses to immunotherapy, which provides new strategies for the precision treatment of GCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Mingkai Chen
- Department of Digestion Internal Medicine, Zhengzhou Yihe Hospital Affiliated to Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Wenying Deng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Liangyu Bie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Yijie Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Academy of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450008, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453000, China
| | - Shuyi Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Chaogang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery & Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China
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Zhang D, Guo S, Schrodi SJ. Mechanisms of DNA Methylation in Virus-Host Interaction in Hepatitis B Infection: Pathogenesis and Oncogenetic Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9858. [PMID: 34576022 PMCID: PMC8466338 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV), the well-studied oncovirus that contributes to the majority of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) worldwide, can cause a severe inflammatory microenvironment leading to genetic and epigenetic changes in hepatocyte clones. HBV replication contributes to the regulation of DNA methyltransferase gene expression, particularly by X protein (HBx), and subsequent methylation changes may lead to abnormal transcription activation of adjacent genes and genomic instability. Undoubtedly, the altered expression of these genes has been known to cause diverse aspects of infected hepatocytes, including apoptosis, proliferation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and immune responses. Additionally, pollutant-induced DNA methylation changes and aberrant methylation of imprinted genes in hepatocytes also complicate the process of tumorigenesis. Meanwhile, hepatocytes also contribute to epigenetic modification of the viral genome to affect HBV replication or viral protein production. Meanwhile, methylation levels of HBV integrants and surrounding host regions also play crucial roles in their ability to produce viral proteins in affected hepatocytes. Both host and viral changes can provide novel insights into tumorigenesis, individualized responses to therapeutic intervention, disease progress, and early diagnosis. As such, DNA methylation-mediated epigenetic silencing of cancer-related genes and viral replication is a compelling therapeutic goal to reduce morbidity and mortality from liver cancer caused by chronic HBV infection. In this review, we summarize the most recent research on aberrant DNA methylation associated with HBV infection, which is involved in HCC development, and provide an outlook on the future direction of the research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dake Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
| | - Steven J. Schrodi
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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33
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Chernyakov D, Groß A, Fischer A, Bornkessel N, Schultheiss C, Gerloff D, Edemir B. Loss of RANBP3L leads to transformation of renal epithelial cells towards a renal clear cell carcinoma like phenotype. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:226. [PMID: 34233711 PMCID: PMC8265145 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01982-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Renal cell carcinomas (RCC) are characterized by the deregulation of several hundred hyperosmolality-responsive genes. High expression of a subset of these genes including the Ran binding protein 3 like (RANBP3L) is linked to a favorable prognostic outcome in RCC. However, the cellular function of RANBP3L remains largely unknown. Methods We used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing to generate functional deletions of the Ranbp3l and nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (Nfat5) gene loci in a murine renal cell line. The NFAT5-KO cells were used to assess the regulation of Ranbp3l by NFAT5 using immunofluorescence, RNA-Seq and promoter assays. RANBP3L-deficient cells were analyzed for changes in cell morphology, proliferation, migration and colony-forming capacity using immunofluorescence and live cell imaging. RANPB3L-dependent changes in gene expression were identified by RNA-Seq. Results We show that NFAT5 directly regulates Ranpb3l under hyperosmotic conditions by binding its promoter. Functional analysis of RANBP3L-deficient cells revealed a loss of epithelial structure, an increased cell migration behavior and colony forming capacity, accompanied by massive alterations in gene expression, all of which are hallmarks for tumor cells. Strikingly, a RANBP3L dependent signature of 60 genes separated samples with clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) from papillary (KIRP), chromophobe renal carcinoma (KICH) and healthy tissue. Conclusions Loss of RANBP3L induces a tumor like phenotype resembles RCC, especially KIRC, on the morphological and gene expression level and might promote tumor development and progression. Therapeutic reconstitution or elevation of osmoregulated RANBP3L expression might represent a novel treatment strategy for RCC or KIRC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-01982-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Chernyakov
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Alexander Groß
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Annika Fischer
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Nicola Bornkessel
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christoph Schultheiss
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dennis Gerloff
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Bayram Edemir
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany. .,Current address: Klinik für Innere Medizin IV, Hämatologie und Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Wu Y, Liu Z, Wei X, Feng H, Hu B, Liu B, Luan Y, Ruan Y, Liu X, Liu Z, Wang S, Liu J, Wang T. Identification of the Functions and Prognostic Values of RNA Binding Proteins in Bladder Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:574196. [PMID: 34239534 PMCID: PMC8258248 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.574196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-transcriptional regulation plays a leading role in gene regulation and RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are the most important posttranscriptional regulatory protein. RBPs had been found to be abnormally expressed in a variety of tumors and is closely related to its occurrence and progression. However, the exact mechanism of RBPs in bladder cancer (BC) is unknown. We downloaded transcriptomic data of BC from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and used bioinformatics techniques for subsequent analysis. A total of 116 differentially expressed RBPs were selected, among which 61 were up-regulated and 55 were down-regulated. We then identified 12 prognostic RBPs including CTIF, CTU1, DARS2, ENOX1, IGF2BP2, LIN28A, MTG1, NOVA1, PPARGC1B, RBMS3, TDRD1, and ZNF106, and constructed a prognostic risk score model. Based on this model we found that patients in the high-risk group had poorer overall survival (P < 0.001), and the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve for this model was 0.677 for 1 year, 0.697 for 3 years, and 0.709 for 5 years. Next, we drew a nomogram based on the risk score and other clinical variables, which showed better predictive performance. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis, progression and metastasis of BC. The model of these 12 genes has good predictive value and may have good prospects for improving clinical treatment regimens and patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian Wei
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Feng
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bintao Hu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Luan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yajun Ruan
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaming Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaogang Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Yang X, Sun J, Sun H, Wen B, Zhang M, An H, Chen W, Zhao W, Zhong X, He C, Pang J, He S. MicroRNA-30a-3p acts as a tumor suppressor in MHCC-97H hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting COX-2. J Cancer 2021; 12:3945-3957. [PMID: 34093801 PMCID: PMC8176251 DOI: 10.7150/jca.52298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs which can bind to target mRNAs and regulate gene expression. Increasing evidences suggest that miRNAs play an important role in driving hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression by regulating tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration. In this study, we demonstrated that the expression of microRNA-30a-3p (miR-30a-3p) was reduced in HCC cell lines in comparison to immortalized liver cell line, LO2. Augmented miR-30a-3p level markedly inhibited MHCC-97H cell growth, migration and invasion in vitro. MiR-30a-3p was also found to inhibit tumor growth in vivo using tumor-bearing mice. Mechanismly, COX-2 was discovered to be a direct and functional target of miR-30a-3p in MHCC-97H cells. Raised miR-30a-3p expression reduced the transcriptional level of COX-2 in MHCC-97H cells, while genetically upregulated COX-2 expression was able to reverse the function of miR-30a-3p-mediated suppression of MHCC-97H cells growth, migration and invasion. In addition, we found that using a COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib, could enhance the anti-metastatic role of miR-30a-3p in MHCC-97H cells. Lastly, we found that decreased COX-2 protein level affected PGE2 production, leading to lower Bcl-2, Caspase-3, MMP2 and MMP9 expression but higher Bax and E-cadherin expression, which in turn culminated in higher rates of cell death and lower rates of cell migration. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that miR-30a-3p could be a target for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma cells progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- XueMei Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - JiaLing Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - HaiTao Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Wen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Air Force Hospital Of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - MingJia Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - HaiYan An
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - WeiCong Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - WenTing Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - XiaoDan Zhong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - ChunYu He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Pang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - SongQi He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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NFAT5-Mediated Signalling Pathways in Viral Infection and Cardiovascular Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094872. [PMID: 34064510 PMCID: PMC8124654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) is well known for its sensitivity to cellular osmolarity changes, such as in the kidney medulla. Accumulated evidence indicates that NFAT5 is also a sensitive factor to stress signals caused by non-hypertonic stimuli such as heat shock, biomechanical stretch stress, ischaemia, infection, etc. These osmolality-related and -unrelated stimuli can induce NFAT5 upregulation, activation and nuclear accumulation, leading to its protective role against various detrimental effects. However, dysregulation of NFAT5 expression may cause pathological conditions in different tissues, leading to a variety of diseases. These protective or pathogenic effects of NFAT5 are dictated by the regulation of its target gene expression and activation of its signalling pathways. Recent studies have found a number of kinases that participate in the phosphorylation/activation of NFAT5 and related signal proteins. Thus, this review will focus on the NFAT5-mediated signal transduction pathways. As for the stimuli that upregulate NFAT5, in addition to the stresses caused by hyperosmotic and non-hyperosmotic environments, other factors such as miRNA, long non-coding RNA, epigenetic modification and viral infection also play an important role in regulating NFAT5 expression; thus, the discussion in this regard is another focus of this review. As the heart, unlike the kidneys, is not normally exposed to hypertonic environments, studies on NFAT5-mediated cardiovascular diseases are just emerging and rapidly progressing. Therefore, we have also added a review on the progress made in this field of research.
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Nong W, Ma L, Lan B, Liu N, Yang H, Lao X, Deng Q, Huang Z. Comprehensive Identification of Bridge Genes to Explain the Progression from Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection to Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1613-1624. [PMID: 33907440 PMCID: PMC8071210 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s298977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus infection co-occurs in 33% of individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. However, the molecular link between hepatitis B virus and hepatocellular carcinoma is unknown. Thus, we aimed to elucidate molecular linkages underlying pathogenesis through in-depth data mining analysis. Materials and Methods Differentially expressed genes were identified from patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection, hepatocellular carcinoma, or both. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed signaling pathways involving differentially expressed genes. Protein-protein interaction networks, protein crosstalk, and enrichment were analyzed to determine whether differentially expressed gene products might serve as a bridge from hepatitis B virus infection to hepatocellular carcinoma pathogenesis. Prognostic potential and transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators of bridge genes were also examined. Results We identified vital bridge factors in hepatitis B virus infection-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. Differentially expressed genes were clustered into modules based on relative protein function. Signaling pathways associated with cancer, inflammation, immune system, and microenvironment showed significant crosstalk between modules. Thirty-two genes were dysregulated in hepatitis B virus infection-mediated hepatocellular carcinoma. CPEB3, RAB26, SLCO1B1, ST3GAL6 and XK had higher connectivity in the modular network, suggesting significant associations with survival. CDC20 and NUP107 were identified as driver genes as well as markers of poor prognosis. Conclusion Our results suggest that the sustained inflammatory environment created by hepatitis B virus infection is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. The identification of hepatitis B virus infection-related hepatocellular carcinoma bridge genes provides testable hypotheses about the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Nong
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Biyang Lan
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Lao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaomei Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihu Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Minzu Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Viral infections lead to the death of more than a million people each year around the world, both directly and indirectly. Viruses interfere with many cell functions, particularly critical pathways for cell death, by affecting various intracellular mediators. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a major example of these mediators because they are involved in many (if not most) cellular mechanisms. Virus-regulated miRNAs have been implicated in three cell death pathways, namely, apoptosis, autophagy, and anoikis. Several molecules (e.g., BECN1 and B cell lymphoma 2 [BCL2] family members) are involved in both apoptosis and autophagy, while activation of anoikis leads to cell death similar to apoptosis. These mechanistic similarities suggest that common regulators, including some miRNAs (e.g., miR-21 and miR-192), are involved in different cell death pathways. Because the balance between cell proliferation and cell death is pivotal to the homeostasis of the human body, miRNAs that regulate cell death pathways have drawn much attention from researchers. miR-21 is regulated by several viruses and can affect both apoptosis and anoikis via modulating various targets, such as PDCD4, PTEN, interleukin (IL)-12, Maspin, and Fas-L. miR-34 can be downregulated by viral infection and has different effects on apoptosis, depending on the type of virus and/or host cell. The present review summarizes the existing knowledge on virus-regulated miRNAs involved in the modulation of cell death pathways. Understanding the mechanisms for virus-mediated regulation of cell death pathways could provide valuable information to improve the diagnosis and treatment of many viral diseases.
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Curcio C, Brugiapaglia S, Bulfamante S, Follia L, Cappello P, Novelli F. The Glycolytic Pathway as a Target for Novel Onco-Immunology Therapies in Pancreatic Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:1642. [PMID: 33804240 PMCID: PMC7998946 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is one of the most lethal forms of human cancer, characterized by unrestrained progression, invasiveness and treatment resistance. To date, there are limited curative options, with surgical resection as the only effective strategy, hence the urgent need to discover novel therapies. A platform of onco-immunology targets is represented by molecules that play a role in the reprogrammed cellular metabolism as one hallmark of cancer. Due to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME), PDA cells display an altered glucose metabolism-resulting in its increased uptake-and a higher glycolytic rate, which leads to lactate accumulation and them acting as fuel for cancer cells. The consequent acidification of the TME results in immunosuppression, which impairs the antitumor immunity. This review analyzes the genetic background and the emerging glycolytic enzymes that are involved in tumor progression, development and metastasis, and how this represents feasible therapeutic targets to counteract PDA. In particular, as the overexpressed or mutated glycolytic enzymes stimulate both humoral and cellular immune responses, we will discuss their possible exploitation as immunological targets in anti-PDA therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Curcio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (S.B.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (P.C.)
- Centro Ricerche Medicina Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Brugiapaglia
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (S.B.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (P.C.)
- Centro Ricerche Medicina Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Bulfamante
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (S.B.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (P.C.)
- Centro Ricerche Medicina Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Follia
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (S.B.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (P.C.)
- Computer Science Department, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Cappello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (S.B.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (P.C.)
- Centro Ricerche Medicina Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Novelli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (C.C.); (S.B.); (S.B.); (L.F.); (P.C.)
- Centro Ricerche Medicina Sperimentale, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
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The construction and validation of an RNA binding protein-related prognostic model for bladder cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:244. [PMID: 33685397 PMCID: PMC7938493 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07930-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play crucial and multifaceted roles in post-transcriptional regulation. While RBPs dysregulation is involved in tumorigenesis and progression, little is known about the role of RBPs in bladder cancer (BLCA) prognosis. This study aimed to establish a prognostic model based on the prognosis-related RBPs to predict the survival of BLCA patients. Methods We downloaded BLCA RNA sequence data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and identified RBPs differentially expressed between tumour and normal tissues. Then, functional enrichment analysis of these differentially expressed RBPs was conducted. Independent prognosis-associated RBPs were identified by univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses to construct a risk score model. Subsequently, Kaplan–Meier and receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to assess the performance of this prognostic model. Finally, a nomogram was established followed by the validation of its prognostic value and expression of the hub RBPs. Results The 385 differentially expressed RBPs were identified included 218 and 167 upregulated and downregulated RBPs, respectively. The eight independent prognosis-associated RBPs (EFTUD2, GEMIN7, OAS1, APOBEC3H, TRIM71, DARS2, YTHDC1, and RBMS3) were then used to construct a prognostic prediction model. An in-depth analysis showed lower overall survival (OS) in patients in the high-risk subgroup compared to that in patients in the low-risk subgroup according to the prognostic model. The area under the curve of the time-dependent receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve were 0.795 and 0.669 for the TCGA training and test datasets, respectively, showing a moderate predictive discrimination of the prognostic model. A nomogram was established, which showed a favourable predictive value for the prognosis of BLCA. Conclusions We developed and validated the performance of a prognostic model for BLCA that might facilitate the development of new biomarkers for the prognostic assessment of BLCA patients.
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Zhou Z, Sun B, Nie A, Yu D, Bian M. Roles of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:599765. [PMID: 33330488 PMCID: PMC7729087 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.599765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) catalyze the ligation of amino acids to their cognate transfer RNAs (tRNAs), thus playing an important role in protein synthesis. In eukaryotic cells, these enzymes exist in free form or in the form of multi-tRNA synthetase complex (MSC). The latter contains nine cytoplasmic ARSs and three ARS-interacting multifunctional proteins (AIMPs). Normally, ARSs and AIMPs are regarded as housekeeping molecules without additional functions. However, a growing number of studies indicate that ARSs are involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, especially tumorigenesis. Here, we introduce the roles of ARSs and AIMPs in certain cancers, such as colon cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, we particularly focus on their potential clinical applications in cancer, aiming at providing new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bao Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institution of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Anzheng Nie
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Yu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng Bian
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Guo C, Shao T, Jiang X, Wei D, Wang Z, Li M, Bao G. Comprehensive analysis of the functions and prognostic significance of RNA-binding proteins in bladder urothelial carcinoma. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:7160-7173. [PMID: 33312357 PMCID: PMC7724358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are reported in various cancer types; however, the role of RBPs in bladder urothelial cancer (BLCA) remains unknown. This study aimed to systematically examine the function and prognostic significance of RBPs in bladder cancer using bioinformatics analyses. RNA sequencing and clinical data for BLCA were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and differentially expressed RBPs (DERBPs) between normal and cancer tissues were identified. A total of 388 DERBPs were identified, including 219 upregulated and 169 downregulated RBPs. All RBPs were screened for the prognostic model establishment and 9 RBPs (TRIM71, YTHDC1, DARS2, XPOT, ZNF106, FTO, IPO7, EFTUD2, and CTU1) were regarded as prognosis-related hub RBPs in BLCA. Further analysis revealed worse overall survival (OS) in the high-risk cohort compared to the model-based low-risk cohort. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.752 in the training group and 0.701 in the testing group, which supports the strength of its predictive ability. A nomogram was established according to nine prognosis-related RBPs, which showed strong predictive ability for BLCA. The C-indices of the nomogram were 0.7033 in the training group, and 0.6295 in the testing group. The prognosis-related hub RBPs may be involved in oncogenesis, development, and metastasis of BLCA. Our results will be of great significance in revealing the pathogenesis of BLCA, and developing new therapeutic targets and prognostic molecular markers for BLCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changgang Guo
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng UniversityChifeng 024000, China
- Urology Research Center, Chifeng UniversityChifeng 024000, China
| | - Ting Shao
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng UniversityChifeng 024000, China
| | - Xiling Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng UniversityChifeng 024000, China
| | - Dadong Wei
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng UniversityChifeng 024000, China
| | - Zhanhua Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng UniversityChifeng 024000, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng UniversityChifeng 024000, China
| | - Guochang Bao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chifeng UniversityChifeng 024000, China
- Urology Research Center, Chifeng UniversityChifeng 024000, China
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Li M, Hua Q, Shao Y, Zeng H, Liu Y, Diao Q, Zhang H, Qiu M, Zhu J, Li X, Ling Y, Zhang R, Jiang Y. Circular RNA circBbs9 promotes PM 2.5-induced lung inflammation in mice via NLRP3 inflammasome activation. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 143:105976. [PMID: 32707273 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is one of the most important components of environmental pollutants, and is associated with pulmonary injury. However, the biological mechanisms of pulmonary damage caused by PM2.5 are poorly defined, especially the molecular pathways related to inflammation. Following system exposure to PM2.5 for 3 months in normal mice and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) model mice, it was found that PM2.5 exposure increased the expression of IL-1β and IL-18 in lung tissues via NLRP3 activation, and these effects were more intense in COPD model mice. Circular RNA (circRNA) sequencing showed that the expression profiles of circRNAs were changed after PM2.5 exposure, and the positive roles of circBbs9 in inflammation induced by PM2.5 were verified. The circBbs9 knockdown alleviated PM2.5-induced inflammation via NLRP3 inflammasome inactivation, as well as IL-1β and IL-18 inhibition in RAW264.7 cells, while overexpression of circBbs9 had the opposite effect. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assays showed that circBbs9 bound to microRNA-30e-5p (miR-30e-5p) and co-regulated the expression of Adar, a downstream target gene of miR-30e-5p. Taken together, these results revealed that PM2.5 induced pulmonary inflammation through NLRP3 inflammasome activation regulated by the circBbs9-miR-30e-5p-Adar pathway. Our findings provide a new target, circBbs9, for the assessment of lung inflammation and COPD exacerbation induced by PM2.5 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Qiuhan Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yueting Shao
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Huixian Zeng
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Qinqin Diao
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Miaoyun Qiu
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jialu Zhu
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xun Li
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yihui Ling
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yiguo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
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Zhang S, Li G, Liu C, Lu S, Jing Q, Chen X, Zheng H, Ma H, Zhang D, Ren S, Shen Z, Wang Y, Lu Z, Huang D, Tan P, Chen J, Zhang X, Qiu Y, Liu Y. miR-30e-5p represses angiogenesis and metastasis by directly targeting AEG-1 in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:356-368. [PMID: 31778279 PMCID: PMC7004514 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a critical determinant for the treatment strategy and prognosis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). However, the mechanisms underlying SCCHN metastasis are poorly understood. Our study sought to determine the key microRNA and their functional mechanisms involved in SCCHN metastasis. For The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data analysis, quantitative PCR was used to quantify the level of miR-30e-5p in SCCHN and its clinical significance was further analyzed. A series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were applied to determine the effects of miR-30e-5p and its target AEG-1 on SCCHN metastasis. A mechanism investigation further revealed that AEG-1 was implicated in the angiogenesis and metastasis mediated by miR-30e-5p. Overall, our study confirms that miR-30e-5p is a valuable predictive biomarker and potential therapeutic target in SCCHN metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiting Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
| | - Guo Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
| | - Shanhong Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
| | - Qiancheng Jing
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryChangsha Central HospitalUniversity of South ChinaChangshaChina
| | - Xiyu Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
| | - Hua Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
| | - Huiling Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
| | - Diekuo Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
| | - Shuling Ren
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
| | - Zhe Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
| | - Yunyun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
| | - Zhaoyi Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
| | - Donghai Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
| | - Pingqing Tan
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHunan Cancer HospitalThe Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical SchoolCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryHunan Cancer HospitalThe Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical SchoolCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
| | - Yuanzheng Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
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Jiang Y, He R, Jiang Y, Liu D, Tao L, Yang M, Lin C, Shen Y, Fu X, Yang J, Li J, Huo Y, Hua R, Liu W, Zhang J, Shen B, Zhang Z, Sun Y. Transcription factor NFAT5 contributes to the glycolytic phenotype rewiring and pancreatic cancer progression via transcription of PGK1. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:948. [PMID: 31827081 PMCID: PMC6906509 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia and the hypovascular tumor microenvironment are major hallmarks of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), in which glycolysis is of great importance to tumor survival and proliferation. There is little research regarding the role of Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells 5 (NFAT5) in relation to carcinoma. Here, we explored the impact of NFAT5 on the biological behavior of PDAC and the underlying mechanism. We demonstrated that NFAT5 was highly expressed in PDAC and was related to poorer prognosis. Knockdown of NFAT5 lead to impaired proliferation of tumor cells caused by an aberrant Warburg effect. Mechanically, phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK-1), which is the first enzyme generating ATP in glycolysis, was verified as a target gene of NFAT5. Over-expression of PGK1 compromised the aberrant oncological behavior caused by knockdown of NFAT5 both in vitro and in vivo. Clinical samples underwent positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) examination and KrasG12D/+/Trp53R172H/+/Pdx1-Cre (KPC) mice were collected to support our conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Jiang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ruizhe He
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yuhong Jiang
- Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Dejun Liu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Lingye Tao
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Minwei Yang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Chaoyi Lin
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Xueliang Fu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jianyu Yang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreas Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tong Ji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yanmiao Huo
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Rong Hua
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Baiyong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Rui Jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Yongwei Sun
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
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Bogusławska J, Popławski P, Alseekh S, Koblowska M, Iwanicka-Nowicka R, Rybicka B, Kędzierska H, Głuchowska K, Hanusek K, Tański Z, Fernie AR, Piekiełko-Witkowska A. MicroRNA-Mediated Metabolic Reprograming in Renal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121825. [PMID: 31756931 PMCID: PMC6966432 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of renal cell cancer (RCC). We hypothesized that altered metabolism of RCC cells results from dysregulation of microRNAs targeting metabolically relevant genes. Combined large-scale transcriptomic and metabolic analysis of RCC patients tissue samples revealed a group of microRNAs that contribute to metabolic reprogramming in RCC. miRNAs expressions correlated with their predicted target genes and with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolome profiles of RCC tumors. Assays performed in RCC-derived cell lines showed that miR-146a-5p and miR-155-5p targeted genes of PPP (the pentose phosphate pathway) (G6PD and TKT), the TCA (tricarboxylic acid cycle) cycle (SUCLG2), and arginine metabolism (GATM), respectively. miR-106b-5p and miR-122-5p regulated the NFAT5 osmoregulatory transcription factor. Altered expressions of G6PD, TKT, SUCLG2, GATM, miR-106b-5p, miR-155-5p, and miR-342-3p correlated with poor survival of RCC patients. miR-106b-5p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-342-3p stimulated proliferation of RCC cells. The analysis involving >6000 patients revealed that miR-34a-5p, miR-106b-5p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-155-5p are PanCancer metabomiRs possibly involved in global regulation of cancer metabolism. In conclusion, we found that microRNAs upregulated in renal cancer contribute to disturbed expression of key genes involved in the regulation of RCC metabolome. miR-146a-5p and miR-155-5p emerge as a key “metabomiRs” that target genes of crucial metabolic pathways (PPP (the pentose phosphate pathway), TCA cycle, and arginine metabolism).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Bogusławska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, ul. Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (J.B.); (P.P.); (B.R.); (H.K.); (K.G.); (K.H.)
| | - Piotr Popławski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, ul. Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (J.B.); (P.P.); (B.R.); (H.K.); (K.G.); (K.H.)
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (S.A.); (A.R.F.)
- Center for Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Marta Koblowska
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (R.I.-N.)
- Laboratory for Microarray Analysis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roksana Iwanicka-Nowicka
- Laboratory of Systems Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (M.K.); (R.I.-N.)
- Laboratory for Microarray Analysis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Rybicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, ul. Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (J.B.); (P.P.); (B.R.); (H.K.); (K.G.); (K.H.)
| | - Hanna Kędzierska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, ul. Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (J.B.); (P.P.); (B.R.); (H.K.); (K.G.); (K.H.)
| | - Katarzyna Głuchowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, ul. Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (J.B.); (P.P.); (B.R.); (H.K.); (K.G.); (K.H.)
| | - Karolina Hanusek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, ul. Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (J.B.); (P.P.); (B.R.); (H.K.); (K.G.); (K.H.)
| | - Zbigniew Tański
- Masovian Specialist Hospital in Ostroleka, 07-410 Ostroleka, Poland;
| | - Alisdair R. Fernie
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; (S.A.); (A.R.F.)
- Center for Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Agnieszka Piekiełko-Witkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, ul. Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (J.B.); (P.P.); (B.R.); (H.K.); (K.G.); (K.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-5693810
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Ding B, Lou W, Liu J, Li R, Chen J, Fan W. In silico analysis excavates potential biomarkers by constructing miRNA-mRNA networks between non-cirrhotic HCC and cirrhotic HCC. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:186. [PMID: 31346321 PMCID: PMC6637578 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0901-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mounting evidences have demonstrated that HCC patients with or without cirrhosis possess different clinical characteristics, tumor development and prognosis. However, few studies directly investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms between non-cirrhotic HCC and cirrhotic HCC. Methods The clinical information and RNA-seq data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of HCC with or without cirrhosis were obtained by R software. Functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis were performed by Enrichr. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established through STRING and mapped to Cytoscape to identify hub genes. MicroRNAs were predicted through miRDB database. Furthermore, correlation analysis between selected genes and miRNAs were conducted via starBase database. MiRNAs expression levels between HCC with or without cirrhosis and corresponding normal liver tissues were further validated through GEO datasets. Finally, expression levels of key miRNAs and target genes were validated through qRT-PCR. Results Between 132 non-cirrhotic HCC and 79 cirrhotic HCC in TCGA, 768 DEGs were acquired, mainly involved in neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway. According to the result from gene expression analysis in TCGA, CCL19, CCL25, CNR1, PF4 and PPBP were renamed as key genes and selected for further investigation. Survival analysis indicated that upregulated CNR1 correlated with worse OS in cirrhotic HCC. Furthermore, ROC analysis revealed the significant diagnostic values of PF4 and PPBP in cirrhotic HCC, and CCL19, CCL25 in non-cirrhotic HCC. Next, 517 miRNAs were predicted to target the 5 key genes. Correlation analysis confirmed that 16 of 517 miRNAs were negatively regulated the key genes. By detecting the expression levels of these key miRNAs from GEO database, we found 4 miRNAs have high research values. Finally, potential miRNA-mRNA networks were constructed based on the results of qRT-PCR. Conclusion In silico analysis, we first constructed the miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks in non-cirrhotic HCC and cirrhotic HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bisha Ding
- 1Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang Province China
| | - Weiyang Lou
- 1Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang Province China
| | - Jingxing Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Changxing People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou, 313100 Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruohan Li
- 3Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004 Shanxi China
| | - Jing Chen
- 4First Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Weimin Fan
- 1Program of Innovative Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang Province China
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48
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Jiang Y, Han QJ, Zhang J. Hepatocellular carcinoma: Mechanisms of progression and immunotherapy. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:3151-3167. [PMID: 31333308 PMCID: PMC6626719 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i25.3151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common malignancies, and various pathogenic factors can lead to its occurrence and development. Among all primary liver cancers, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common. With extensive studies, an increasing number of molecular mechanisms that promote HCC are being discovered. Surgical resection is still the most effective treatment for patients with early HCC. However, early detection and treatment are difficult for most HCC patients, and the postoperative recurrence rate is high, resulting in poor clinical prognosis of HCC. Although immunotherapy takes longer than conventional chemotherapy to produce therapeutic effects, it persists for longer. In recent years, the emergence of many new immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies, has given new hope for the treatment of HCC.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Cancer Vaccines/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/immunology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Disease Progression
- Humans
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Liver Neoplasms/immunology
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/therapy
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/immunology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/prevention & control
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/immunology
- Treatment Outcome
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiu-Ju Han
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Immunopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
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Zheng XM, Zhang P, Liu MH, Chen P, Zhang WB. MicroRNA-30e inhibits adhesion, migration, invasion and cell cycle progression of prostate cancer cells via inhibition of the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway by downregulating CHRM3. Int J Oncol 2019; 54:443-454. [PMID: 30483762 PMCID: PMC6317654 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) testing is currently based on measurement of serum prostate‑specific antigen levels and digital rectal examination, which are limited by a low predictive value and the adverse effects associated with overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Recent studies have reported that the abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is associated with the mechanism underlying the development of PCa. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of miR‑30e and its target gene, M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (CHRM3), on the adhesion, migration, invasion and cell cycle distribution of PCa cells via the mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. The differentially expressed genes were screened in the Gene Expression Omnibus database from a gene expression microarray (GSE55945) of PCa. PCa tissues and adjacent tissues were collected from patients with PCa. The PC‑3 and DU145 human PCa cell lines were treated with activator, inhibitor and siRNAs. The effects of miR‑30e on cell adhesion, migration, invasion and cell cycle distribution with the involvement of CHRM3 and the MAPK signaling pathway were investigated. The bioinformatics results demonstrated that the CHRM3 gene and the MAKP signaling pathway were involved in the progression of PCa, and has‑miR‑30e was selected for further study. The levels of miR‑30e were significantly downregulated, while the levels of CHRM3 were obviously upregulated in PCa. CHRM3 was verified as a target gene of miR‑30e. Upregulation of miR‑30e and downregulation of CHRM3 decreased the levels of p‑P38, p‑extracellular signal‑regulated kinase, p‑c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase, p‑c‑fos and p‑c‑JUN, cell adhesion, migration and invasion ability, and the number of cells in the S phase, while they increased the number of cells in the G0 and G1 phases. The findings of the present study suggest that miR‑30e inhibited the adhesion, migration, invasion and cell cycle entry of PCa cells by suppressing the activation of the MAPK signaling pathway and inhibiting CHRM3 expression. Thus, miR‑30e may serve as a candidate target for the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Min Zheng
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of WuHan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of WuHan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071
| | - Man-Hua Liu
- The Second Department of Surgery, Jingan People’s Hospital, Jingan, Jiangxi 330600, P.R. China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of WuHan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071
| | - Wei-Bing Zhang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of WuHan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071
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50
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Yang XL, Wang X, Peng BW. NFAT5 Has a Job in the Brain. Dev Neurosci 2018; 40:289-300. [PMID: 30391952 DOI: 10.1159/000493789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor of activated T cells 5 (NFAT5) has recently been classified as a new member of the Rel family. In addition, there are 5 more well-defined members (NF-κB and NFAT1-4) in the Rel family, which participate in regulating the expression of immune and inflammatory response-related genes. NFAT5 was initially identified in renal medullary cells where it regulated the expression of osmoprotective-related genes during the osmotic response. Many studies have demonstrated that NFAT5 is highly expressed in the nuclei of neurons in fetal and adult brains. Additionally, its expression is approximately 10-fold higher in fetal brains. With the development of detection technologies (laser scanning confocal microscopy, transgene technology, etc.), recent studies suggest that NFAT5 is also expressed in glial cells and plays a more diverse functional role. This article aims to summarize the current knowledge regarding the expression of NFAT5, its regulation of activation, and varied biological functions in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Liang Yang
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disorder, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disorder, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bi-Wen Peng
- Department of Physiology, Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disorder, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China,
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