1
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Sharma S. Unraveling the role of long non-coding RNAs in therapeutic resistance in acute myeloid leukemia: New prospects & challenges. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:1203-1221. [PMID: 39036603 PMCID: PMC11259994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a fatal hematological disease characterized by the unchecked proliferation of immature myeloid blasts in different tissues developed by various mutations in hematopoiesis. Despite intense chemotherapeutic regimens, patients often experience poor outcomes, leading to substandard remission rates. In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have increasingly become important prognostic and therapeutic hotspots, due to their contributions to dysregulating many functional epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-translational mechanisms leading to alterations in cell expressions, resulting in increased chemoresistance and reduced apoptosis in leukemic cells. Through this review, I highlight and discuss the latest advances in understanding the major mechanisms through which lncRNAs confer therapy resistance in AML. In addition, I also provide perspective on the current strategies to target lncRNA expressions. A better knowledge of the critical role that lncRNAs play in controlling treatment outcomes in AML will help improve existing medications and devise new ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhant Sharma
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
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2
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Jia B, Xue R, Li J, Xu G, Li X, Wang W, Li Z, Liu J. Molecular mechanisms of EGCG-CSH/n-HA/CMC in promoting osteogenic differentiation and macrophage polarization. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107493. [PMID: 38870703 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
2. This research investigates the impact of the EGCG-CSH/n-HA/CMC composite material on bone defect repair, emphasizing its influence on macrophage polarization and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Comprehensive evaluations of the composite's physical and chemical characteristics were performed. BMSC response to the material was tested in vitro for proliferation, migration, and osteogenic potential. An SD rat model was employed for in vivo assessments of bone repair efficacy. Both transcriptional and proteomic analyses were utilized to delineate the mechanisms influencing macrophage behavior and stem cell differentiation. The material maintained excellent structural integrity and significantly promoted BMSC functions critical to bone healing. In vivo results confirmed accelerated bone repair, and molecular analysis highlighted the role of macrophage M2 polarization, particularly through changes in the SIRPA gene and protein expression. EGCG-CSH/n-HA/CMC plays a significant role in enhancing bone repair, with implications for macrophage and BMSC function. Our findings suggest that targeting SIRPA may offer new therapeutic opportunities for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Jia
- Nosocomial Infection Management Department, Hebei Medical University First Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Rui Xue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Guohui Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Jianning Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
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3
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Marima R, Basera A, Miya T, Damane BP, Kandhavelu J, Mirza S, Penny C, Dlamini Z. Exosomal long non-coding RNAs in cancer: Interplay, modulation, and therapeutic avenues. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:887-900. [PMID: 38616862 PMCID: PMC11015109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In the intricate field of cancer biology, researchers are increasingly intrigued by the emerging role of exosomal long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) due to their multifaceted interactions, complex modulation mechanisms, and potential therapeutic applications. These exosomal lncRNAs, carried within extracellular vesicles, play a vital partin tumorigenesis and disease progression by facilitating communication networks between tumor cells and their local microenvironment, making them an ideal candidates for use in a liquid biopsy approach. However, exosomal lncRNAs remain an understudied area, especially in cancer biology. Therefore this review aims to comprehensively explore the dynamic interplay between exosomal lncRNAs and various cellular components, including interactions with tumor-stroma, immune modulation, and drug resistance mechanisms. Understanding the regulatory functions of exosomal lncRNAs in these processes can potentially unveil novel diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for cancer. Additionally, the emergence of RNA-based therapeutics presents exciting opportunities for targeting exosomal lncRNAs, offering innovative strategies to combat cancer progression and improve treatment outcomes. Thus, this review provides insights into the current understanding of exosomal lncRNAs in cancer biology, highlighting their crucial roles, regulatory mechanisms, and the evolving landscape of therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, we have also discussed the advantage of exosomes as therapeutic carriers of lncRNAs for the development of personalized targeted therapy for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahaba Marima
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Afra Basera
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Thabiso Miya
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Botle Precious Damane
- Department of Surgery, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa
| | - Jeyalakshmi Kandhavelu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sheefa Mirza
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Clement Penny
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChi Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, South Africa
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4
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Gawel AM, Betkowska A, Gajda E, Godlewska M, Gawel D. Current Non-Metal Nanoparticle-Based Therapeutic Approaches for Glioblastoma Treatment. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1822. [PMID: 39200286 PMCID: PMC11351974 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The increase in the variety of nano-based tools offers new possibilities to approach the therapy of poorly treatable tumors, which includes glioblastoma multiforme (GBM; a primary brain tumor). The available nanocomplexes exhibit great potential as vehicles for the targeted delivery of anti-GBM compounds, including chemotherapeutics, nucleic acids, and inhibitors. The main advantages of nanoparticles (NPs) include improved drug stability, increased penetration of the blood-brain barrier, and better precision of tumor targeting. Importantly, alongside their drug-delivery ability, NPs may also present theranostic properties, including applications for targeted imaging or photothermal therapy of malignant brain cells. The available NPs can be classified into two categories according to their core, which can be metal or non-metal based. Among non-metal NPs, the most studied in regard to GBM treatment are exosomes, liposomes, cubosomes, polymeric NPs, micelles, dendrimers, nanogels, carbon nanotubes, and silica- and selenium-based NPs. They are characterized by satisfactory stability and biocompatibility, limited toxicity, and high accumulation in the targeted tumor tissue. Moreover, they can be easily functionalized for the improved delivery of their cargo to GBM cells. Therefore, the non-metal NPs discussed here, offer a promising approach to improving the treatment outcomes of aggressive GBM tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata M. Gawel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chalubinskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Betkowska
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.); (E.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Ewa Gajda
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.); (E.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Marlena Godlewska
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.); (E.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Damian Gawel
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.); (E.G.); (M.G.)
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5
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Li Q, Zhang Y, Jin P, Chen Y, Zhang C, Geng X, Mun KS, Phang KC. New insights into the potential of exosomal circular RNAs in mediating cancer chemotherapy resistance and their clinical applications. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117027. [PMID: 38925018 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance typically leads to tumour recurrence and is a major obstacle to cancer treatment. Increasing numbers of circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been confirmed to be abnormally expressed in various tumours, where they participate in the malignant progression of tumours, and play important roles in regulating the sensitivity of tumours to chemotherapy drugs. As exosomes mediate intercellular communication, they are rich in circRNAs and exhibit a specific RNA cargo sorting mechanism. By carrying and delivering circRNAs, exosomes can promote the efflux of chemotherapeutic drugs and reduce intracellular drug concentrations in recipient cells, thus affecting the cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, angiogenesis, invasion and migration. The mechanisms that affect the phenotype of tumour stem cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and DNA damage repair also mediate chemotherapy resistance in many tumours. Exosomal circRNAs are diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for reversing chemotherapy resistance in tumours. Currently, the rise of new fields, such as machine learning and artificial intelligence, and new technologies such as biosensors, multimolecular diagnostic systems and platforms based on circRNAs, as well as the application of exosome-based vaccines, has provided novel ideas for precision cancer treatment. In this review, the recent progress in understanding how exosomal circRNAs mediate tumour chemotherapy resistance is reviewed, and the potential of exosomal circRNAs in tumour diagnosis, treatment and immune regulation is discussed, providing new ideas for inhibiting tumour chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China; Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Peikan Jin
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China
| | - Yepeng Chen
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China
| | - Chuchu Zhang
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China
| | - Xiuchao Geng
- School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China.
| | - Kein Seong Mun
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Kean Chang Phang
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
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6
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Goleij P, Pourali G, Raisi A, Ravaei F, Golestan S, Abed A, Razavi ZS, Zarepour F, Taghavi SP, Ahmadi Asouri S, Rafiei M, Mousavi SM, Hamblin MR, Talei S, Sheida A, Mirzaei H. Role of Non-coding RNAs in the Response of Glioblastoma to Temozolomide. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04316-z. [PMID: 39023794 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are widely used in clinical practice across the globe as cancer treatments. Intrinsic or acquired chemoresistance poses a significant problem for medical practitioners and researchers, causing tumor recurrence and metastasis. The most dangerous kind of malignant brain tumor is called glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) that often recurs following surgery. The most often used medication for treating GBM is temozolomide chemotherapy; however, most patients eventually become resistant. Researchers are studying preclinical models that accurately reflect human disease and can be used to speed up drug development to overcome chemoresistance in GBM. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to be substantial in regulating tumor development and facilitating treatment resistance in several cancers, such as GBM. In this work, we mentioned the mechanisms of how different ncRNAs (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs) can regulate temozolomide chemosensitivity in GBM. We also address the role of these ncRNAs encapsulated inside secreted exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pouya Goleij
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran
- USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Pourali
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arash Raisi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ravaei
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Shahin Golestan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atena Abed
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Razavi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zarepour
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Pouya Taghavi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sahar Ahmadi Asouri
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Moein Rafiei
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | - Sahand Talei
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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7
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Feng Q, Xu K, Shah M, Li S, Leavitt AD, Godley LA, De Smith AJ, Wiemels JL. Evaluation of the genetic basis of familial-associated early-onset hematologic cancers in an ancestral/ethnically diverse population. Haematologica 2024; 109:2085-2091. [PMID: 38205536 PMCID: PMC11215364 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.284224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic predisposition to hematologic malignancies has historically been addressed utilizing patients recruited from clinical trials and pedigrees constructed at major treatment centers. Such efforts leave unexplored the genetic basis of variations in risk by race/ethnic group shown in population-based surveillance data where cancer registration, compulsory by law, delivers universal enrollment. To address this, we performed exome sequencing on DNA isolated from newborn bloodspots derived from sibling pairs with early-onset cancers across California in which at least one of the siblings developed a hematologic cancer, using unbiased recruitment from the full state population. We identified pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/ LP) variants among 1,172 selected cancer genes that were private or present at low allele frequencies in reference populations. Within 64 subjects from 32 families, we found 9 LP variants shared between siblings, and an additional 7 such variants in singleton children (not shared with their sibling). In 8 of the shared cases, the ancestral origin of the local haplotype that carries P/LP variants matched the dominant global ancestry of study participant families. This was the case for Latino sibling pairs on FLG and CBLB, non-Latino White sibling pairs in TP53 and NOD2, and a shared GATA2 variant for a non-Latino Black sibling pair. A new inherited mutation in HABP2 was identified in a sibling pair, one with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and the other with neuroblastoma. Overall, the profile of P/LP germline variants across ancestral/ethnic groups suggests that rare alleles contributing to hematologic diseases originate within their race/ethnic origin parental populations, demonstrating the value of this discovery process in diverse, population-based registries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxi Feng
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Keren Xu
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Mancy Shah
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, and the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Shaobo Li
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Andrew D Leavitt
- Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Lucy A Godley
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, and the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Adam J De Smith
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Joseph L Wiemels
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
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8
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Cheng HY, Su GL, Wu YX, Chen G, Yu ZL. Extracellular vesicles in anti-tumor drug resistance: Mechanisms and therapeutic prospects. J Pharm Anal 2024; 14:100920. [PMID: 39104866 PMCID: PMC11298875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance presents a significant challenge to achieving positive clinical outcomes in anti-tumor therapy. Prior research has illuminated reasons behind drug resistance, including increased drug efflux, alterations in drug targets, and abnormal activation of oncogenic pathways. However, there's a need for deeper investigation into the impact of drug-resistant cells on parental tumor cells and intricate crosstalk between tumor cells and the malignant tumor microenvironment (TME). Recent studies on extracellular vesicles (EVs) have provided valuable insights. EVs are membrane-bound particles secreted by all cells, mediating cell-to-cell communication. They contain functional cargoes like DNA, RNA, lipids, proteins, and metabolites from mother cells, delivered to other cells. Notably, EVs are increasingly recognized as regulators in the resistance to anti-cancer drugs. This review aims to summarize the mechanisms of EV-mediated anti-tumor drug resistance, covering therapeutic approaches like chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and even radiotherapy. Detecting EV-based biomarkers to predict drug resistance assists in bypassing anti-tumor drug resistance. Additionally, targeted inhibition of EV biogenesis and secretion emerges as a promising approach to counter drug resistance. We highlight the importance of conducting in-depth mechanistic research on EVs, their cargoes, and functional approaches specifically focusing on EV subpopulations. These efforts will significantly advance the development of strategies to overcome drug resistance in anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Guang-Liang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zi-Li Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China
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Yang Z, Wu H, Wang Z, Bian E, Zhao B. The role and application of small extracellular vesicles in glioma. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:229. [PMID: 38951882 PMCID: PMC11218314 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are cell-derived, nanometer-sized particles enclosed by a lipid bilayer. All kinds of biological molecules, including proteins, DNA fragments, RNA, lipids, and metabolites, can be selectively loaded into sEVs and transmitted to recipient cells that are near and distant. Growing shreds of evidence show the significant biological function and the clinical significance of sEVs in cancers. Numerous recent studies have validated that sEVs play an important role in tumor progression and can be utilized to diagnose, stage, grading, and monitor early tumors. In addition, sEVs have also served as drug delivery nanocarriers and cancer vaccines. Although it is still infancy, the field of basic and translational research based on sEVs has grown rapidly. In this review, we summarize the latest research on sEVs in gliomas, including their role in the malignant biological function of gliomas, and the potential of sEVs in non-invasive diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, i.e., as nanocarriers for drug or gene delivery and cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - HaoYuan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - ZhiWei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China
| | - ErBao Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Bing Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
- Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui Province, China.
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10
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Hao X, Wang S, Wang L, Li J, Li Y, Liu J. Exosomes as drug delivery systems in glioma immunotherapy. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:340. [PMID: 38890722 PMCID: PMC11184820 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02611-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, the significant benefits of cancer immunotherapy for most cancers have been demonstrated in clinical and preclinical studies. However, the efficacy of these immunotherapies for gliomas is limited, owing to restricted drug delivery and insufficient immune activation. As drug carriers, exosomes offer the advantages of low toxicity, good biocompatibility, and intrinsic cell targeting, which could enhance glioma immunotherapy efficacy. However, a review of exosome-based drug delivery systems for glioma immunotherapy has not been presented. This review introduces the current problems in glioma immunotherapy and the role of exosomes in addressing these issues. Meanwhile, preparation and application strategies of exosome-based drug delivery systems for glioma immunotherapy are discussed, especially for enhancing immunogenicity and reversing the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Finally, we briefly describe the challenges of exosome-based drug delivery systems in clinical translation. We anticipate that this review will guide the use of exosomes as drug carriers for glioma immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqing Hao
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 193 Lianhe Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, China
- Dalian Innovation Institute of Stem Cell and Precision Medicine, No. 57 Xinda Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116085, China
| | - Shiming Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 193 Lianhe Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 193 Lianhe Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, China
- Dalian Innovation Institute of Stem Cell and Precision Medicine, No. 57 Xinda Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116085, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Ying Li
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 193 Lianhe Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, China.
- Dalian Innovation Institute of Stem Cell and Precision Medicine, No. 57 Xinda Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116085, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 193 Lianhe Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, China.
- Dalian Innovation Institute of Stem Cell and Precision Medicine, No. 57 Xinda Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116085, China.
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11
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Shehaj A, Khristov V, Mareboina M, Tufano E, Abdeen A, Rizk E, Connor J. Genetic Biomarkers in Astrocytoma: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Potential. World Neurosurg 2024:S1878-8750(24)00955-0. [PMID: 38857866 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Astrocytoma is the most common adult brain tumor, with glioblastoma being the deadliest neuro-related malignancy. Despite advances in oncology, the prognosis for astrocytoma, especially glioblastoma, remains poor, and tracking disease progression is challenging due to a lack of robust biomarkers. Genetic biomarkers, including microRNAs, cell-free DNA, circulating tumor DNA, circular RNA, and long noncoding RNA, can serve as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets. In this review, we examine the existing literature, analyzing the various less established liquid and tumor genetic biomarkers and their potential to act as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets. We highlight the clinical challenges and limitations in implementing liquid biopsy strategies in clinical practice. The article discusses the potential of liquid biopsies as valuable tools for personalized astrocytoma management while emphasizing the need for standardized protocols and further advancements to establish their clinical utility and therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Shehaj
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Vladimir Khristov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Manvita Mareboina
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emily Tufano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ahmed Abdeen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elias Rizk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James Connor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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12
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Cela I, Capone E, Trevisi G, Sala G. Extracellular vesicles in glioblastoma: Biomarkers and therapeutic tools. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 101:25-43. [PMID: 38754752 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive tumor among the gliomas and intracranial tumors and to date prognosis for GBM patients remains poor, with a median survival typically measured in months to a few years depending on various factors. Although standardized therapies are routinely employed, it is clear that these strategies are unable to cope with heterogeneity and invasiveness of GBM. Furthermore, diagnosis and monitoring of responses to therapies are directly dependent on tissue biopsies or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. From this point of view, liquid biopsies are arising as key sources of a variety of biomarkers with the advantage of being easily accessible and monitorable. In this context, extracellular vesicles (EVs), physiologically shed into body fluids by virtually all cells, are gaining increasing interest both as natural carriers of biomarkers and as specific signatures even for GBM. What makes these vesicles particularly attractive is they are also emerging as therapeutical vehicles to treat GBM given their native ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Here, we reviewed recent advances on the use of EVs as biomarker for liquid biopsy and nanocarriers for targeted delivery of anticancer drugs in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cela
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Emily Capone
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Gianluca Trevisi
- Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; Neurosurgical Unit, Santo Spirito Hospital, Pescara 65121, Italy
| | - Gianluca Sala
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
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13
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Hashemi M, Mousavian Roshanzamir S, Orouei S, Daneii P, Raesi R, Zokaee H, Bikarannejad P, Salmani K, Khorrami R, Deldar Abad Paskeh M, Salimimoghadam S, Rashidi M, Hushmandi K, Taheriazam A, Entezari M. Shedding light on function of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in glioblastoma. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:508-522. [PMID: 38511060 PMCID: PMC10950594 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The brain tumors and especially glioblastoma, are affecting life of many people worldwide and due to their high mortality and morbidity, their treatment is of importance and has gained attention in recent years. The abnormal expression of genes is commonly observed in GBM and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have demonstrated dysregulation in this tumor. LncRNAs have length more than 200 nucleotides and they have been located in cytoplasm and nucleus. The current review focuses on the role of lncRNAs in GBM. There two types of lncRNAs in GBM including tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressor lncRNAs and overexpression of oncogenic lncRNAs increases progression of GBM. LncRNAs can regulate proliferation, cell cycle arrest and metastasis of GBM cells. Wnt, STAT3 and EZH2 are among the molecular pathways affected by lncRNAs in GBM and for regulating metastasis of GBM cells, these RNA molecules mainly affect EMT mechanism. LncRNAs are involved in drug resistance and can induce resistance of GBM cells to temozolomide chemotherapy. Furthermore, lncRNAs stimulate radio-resistance in GBM cells. LncRNAs increase PD-1 expression to mediate immune evasion. LncRNAs can be considered as diagnostic and prognostic tools in GBM and researchers have developed signature from lncRNAs in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sophie Mousavian Roshanzamir
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Orouei
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouria Daneii
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Department of Nursing, Torbat Jam Faculty of Medical Sciences, Torbat Jam, Iran
- Department of Health Services Management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Haleh Zokaee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, Dental Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Pooria Bikarannejad
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiana Salmani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Khorrami
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Xu Y, Xin X, Tao T. Decoding the neurotoxic effects of propofol: insights into the RARα-Snhg1-Bdnf regulatory cascade. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C1735-C1752. [PMID: 38618701 PMCID: PMC11371332 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00547.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The potential neurotoxic effects of propofol, an extensively utilized anesthetic, underline the urgency to comprehend its influence on neuronal health. Insights into the role of the retinoic acid receptor-α, small nucleolar RNA host gene 1, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (RARα-Snhg1-Bdnf) network can offer significant advancements in minimizing these effects. The study targets the exploration of the RARα and Snhg1 regulatory network's influence on Bdnf expression in the realm of propofol-induced neurotoxicity. Harnessing the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and utilizing JASPAR and RNA-Protein Interaction Prediction (RPISeq) database for projections, the study embarks on an in-depth analysis employing both in vitro and in vivo models. The findings draw a clear link between propofol-induced neurotoxicity and the amplification of RAR signaling pathways, impacting hippocampal development and apoptosis and leading to increased RARα and Snhg1 and decreased Bdnf. Propofol is inferred to accentuate neurotoxicity by heightening RARα and Snhg1 interactions, culminating in Bdnf suppression.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study aimed to decode propofol's neurotoxic effects on the regulatory cascade, provide insights into the RARα-Snhg1-Bdnf interaction, apply extensive validation techniques, provide a detailed analysis and exploration of propofol's neurotoxicity, and offer a comprehensive approach to understanding molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhai Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianzhu Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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15
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Zhao B, Zheng X, Wang Y, Cheng N, Zhong Y, Zhou Y, Huang J, Wang F, Qi X, Zhuang Q, Wang Y, Liu X. Lnc-CCNH-8 promotes immune escape by up-regulating PD-L1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102125. [PMID: 38356866 PMCID: PMC10865404 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy with poor prognosis. In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have enabled breakthroughs in the clinical treatment of patients with HCC, but the overall response rate to ICIs in HCC patients is still low, and no validated biomarker is available to guide clinical decision making. Here, we demonstrated that the long non-coding RNA Lnc-CCNH-8 is highly expressed in HCC and correlates with poor prognosis. Functionally, elevated Lnc-CCNH-8 inactivated co-cultured T cells in vitro and compromised antitumor immunity in an immunocompetent mouse model. Mechanistically, up-regulated Lnc-CCNH-8 can sponge microRNA (miR)-217 to regulate the expression of PD-L1. In addition, Lnc-CCNH-8 can also stabilize PD-L1 through miR-3173/PKP3 axis. Furthermore, mice bearing tumors with high Lnc-CCNH-8 expression had significant therapeutic sensitivity to anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody treatment. More important, HCC patients with high levels of plasma exosomal Lnc-CCNH-8 had a better therapeutic response to ICIs. Taken together, our results reveal the function of Lnc-CCNH-8 in inducing immune escape from CD8+ T-cell-mediated killing by up-regulating PD-L1 in a miR-217/miR-3173-dependent manner, which also reveals a novel mechanism of PD-L1 regulation in HCC, and exosomal Lnc-CCNH-8 can serve as a predictive marker for immunotherapy response in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bixing Zhao
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumors, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zheng
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumors, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Niangmei Cheng
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumors, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhong
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhou
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumors, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
| | - Jingyun Huang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumors, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
| | - Xin Qi
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
| | - Qiuyu Zhuang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumors, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
| | - Yingchao Wang
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumors, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
- Mengchao Med-X Center, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P.R. China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumors, Fuzhou 350025, P.R. China
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16
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Yang S, Sun Y, Liu W, Zhang Y, Sun G, Xiang B, Yang J. Exosomes in Glioma: Unraveling Their Roles in Progression, Diagnosis, and Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:823. [PMID: 38398214 PMCID: PMC10887132 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas, the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumors, present a challenging prognosis even after undergoing surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Exosomes, nano-sized extracellular vesicles secreted by various cells, play a pivotal role in glioma progression and contribute to resistance against chemotherapy and radiotherapy by facilitating the transportation of biological molecules and promoting intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, exosomes exhibit the remarkable ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier, positioning them as potent carriers for therapeutic delivery. These attributes hold promise for enhancing glioma diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in exosome research within the realm of tumors. In this article, we primarily focus on elucidating the role of exosomes in glioma development, highlighting the latest breakthroughs in therapeutic and diagnostic approaches, and outlining prospective directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Yumeng Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Guozhu Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Bai Xiang
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Jiankai Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
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17
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Dai J, Jiang Y, Hu H, Zhang S, Chen Y. Extracellular vesicles as modulators of glioblastoma progression and tumor microenvironment. Pathol Oncol Res 2024; 30:1611549. [PMID: 38379858 PMCID: PMC10876843 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2024.1611549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive brain tumor with extremely poor prognosis in adults. Routine treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy; however, these may lead to rapid relapse and development of therapy-resistant tumor. Glioblastoma cells are known to communicate with macrophages, microglia, endothelial cells, astrocytes, and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to promote tumor preservation. It was recently demonstrated that Glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) participate in bidirectional intercellular communication in the TME. Apart from promoting glioblastoma cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, EVs and their cargos (primarily proteins and miRNAs) can act as biomarkers for tumor diagnosis and prognosis. Furthermore, they can be used as therapeutic tools. In this review, the mechanisms of Glioblastoma-EVs biogenesis and intercellular communication with TME have been summarized. Moreover, there is discussion surrounding EVs as novel diagnostic structures and therapeutic tools for glioblastoma. Finally, unclear questions that require future investigation have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Dai
- Department of Pathology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Haoyue Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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18
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You Q, Liang F, Wu G, Cao F, Liu J, He Z, Wang C, Zhu L, Chen X, Yang Y. The Landscape of Biomimetic Nanovesicles in Brain Diseases. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306583. [PMID: 37713652 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Brain diseases, such as brain tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, and brain injuries, are caused by various pathophysiological changes, which pose a serious health threat. Brain disorders are often difficult to treat due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Biomimetic nanovesicles (BNVs), including endogenous extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from various cells and artificial nanovesicles, possess the ability to penetrate the BBB and thus can be utilized for drug delivery to the brain. BNVs, especially endogenous EVs, are widely distributed in body fluids and usually carry various disease-related signal molecules such as proteins, RNA, and DNA, and may also be analyzed to understand the etiology and pathogenesis of brain diseases. This review covers the exhaustive classification and characterization of BNVs and pathophysiological roles involved in various brain diseases, and emphatically focuses on nanotechnology-integrated BNVs for brain disease theranostics, including various diagnosis strategies and precise therapeutic regulations (e.g., immunity regulation, disordered protein clearance, anti-neuroinflammation, neuroregeneration, angiogenesis, and the gut-brain axis regulation). The remaining challenges and future perspectives regarding the nanotechnology-integrated BNVs for the diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases are also discussed and outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing You
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Fuming Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Friendship Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Gege Wu
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Fangfang Cao
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Jingyi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Friendship Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Yanlian Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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19
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Liu X, Liu L, Wu A, Huang S, Xu Z, Zhang X, Li Z, Li H, Dong J. Transformed astrocytes confer temozolomide resistance on glioblastoma via delivering ALKBH7 to enhance APNG expression after educating by glioblastoma stem cells-derived exosomes. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14599. [PMID: 38332576 PMCID: PMC10853646 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is the most malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Temozolomide (TMZ) stands for the first-line chemotherapeutic agent against glioblastoma. Nevertheless, the therapeutic efficacy of TMZ appears to be remarkably limited, because of low cytotoxic efficiency against glioblastoma. Besides, various mechanical studies and the corresponding strategies fail to enhancing TMZ curative effect in clinical practice. Our previous studies have disclosed remodeling of glial cells by GSCs, but the roles of these transformed cells on promoting TMZ resistance have never been explored. METHODS Exosomes were extracted from GSCs culture through standard centrifugation procedures, which can activate transformation of normal human astrocytes (NHAs) totumor-associated astrocytes (TAAs) for 3 days through detect the level of TGF-β, CD44 and tenascin-C. The secretive protein level of ALKBH7 of TAAs was determined by ELISA kit. The protein level of APNG and ALKBH7 of GBM cells were determined by Western blot. Cell-based assays of ALKBH7 and APNG triggered drug resistance were performed through flow cytometric assay, Western blotting and colony formation assay respectively. A xenograft tumor model was applied to investigate the function of ALKBH7 in vivo. Finally, the effect of the ALKBH7/APNG signaling on TMZ resistance were evaluated by functional experiments. RESULTS Exosomes derived from GSCs can activate transformation of normal human astrocytes (NHAs)to tumor-associated astrocytes (TAAs), as well as up-regulation of ALKBH7expression in TAAs. Besides, TAAs derived ALKBH7 can regulate APNG gene expression of GBM cells. After co-culturing with TAAs for 5 days, ALKBH7 and APNG expression in GBM cells were elevated. Furthermore, Knocking-down of APNG increased the inhibitory effect of TMZ on GBM cells survival. CONCLUSION The present study illustrated a new mechanism of glioblastoma resistance to TMZ, which based on GSCs-exo educated TAAs delivering ALKBH7 to enhance APNG expression of GBM cells, which implied that targeting on ALKBH7/APNG regulation network may provide a new strategy of enhancing TMZ therapeutic effects against glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglei Liu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Nanjing Brain HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Anyi Wu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Shilu Huang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Xiaopei Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Zengyang Li
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Jun Dong
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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20
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Jiang LY, Wang GH, Xu JJ, Li XL, Lin XY, Fang X, Zhang HX, Feng M, Jiang CM. CREB-induced LINC00473 promotes chemoresistance to TMZ in glioblastoma by regulating O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase expression via CEBPα binding. Neuropharmacology 2024; 243:109790. [PMID: 37981063 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ) offers substantial therapeutic benefits for glioblastoma (GB), yet its efficacy is hindered the development of chemoresistance. The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis and chemoresistance has garnered great attention in studies on TMZ resistance. This study aimed to reveal the role of LINC00473 in TMZ chemoresistance and the underlying mechanism in GB. The expression of LINC00473 in TMZ-resistant and TMZ-sensitive GB cells was investigated using qPCR analysis. The role of LINC00473 in regulating TMZ resistance in GB cells was analyzed using the CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry. The next steps included assessing if LINC00473 is regulated by CREB and whether LINC00473 promotes chemoresistance through MGMT regulation via CEBPα. Further, chemoresistance delivery between cells via exosomal LINC00473 was validated in vitro and in vivo. Results showed that LINC00473 levels were elevated in TMZ-resistant cells upon CREB activation, and the lncRNA promoted the chemoresistance of GB cells through the upregulation of MGMT expression. Mechanistically, LINC00473 regulated the MGMT expression by binding to CEBPα. The highly-expressed LINC00473 packaged in exosomes transferred chemoresistance to the adjacent TMZ-sensitive GB cells. In conclusion, a novel CREB/LINC00473/CEBPα/MGMT pathway was revealed in the GB TMZ-resistance formation. In addition, an exosome-based mechanism of chemoresistance transmission was revealed, suggesting that LINC00473 could be used as a novel therapeutic target for GB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ya Jiang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China; Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guan-Hao Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China; The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing-Jiao Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China; The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Li Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hong-Xu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mei Feng
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Chun-Ming Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang Province, China.
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21
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Fattahi M, Alamdari-Palangi V, Rahimi Jaberi K, Ehtiati S, Ojaghi S, Rahimi-Jaberi A, Samavarchi Tehrani S, Dang P, Movahedpour A, Hossein Khatami S. Exosomal long non-coding RNAs in glioblastoma. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 553:117705. [PMID: 38086498 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent primary tumor found in the central nervous system, accounting for 70% of all adult brain tumors. The median overall survival rate is one year post-diagnosis with treatment, and only four months without treatment. Current GBM diagnostic methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), surgery, and brain biopsies, have limitations. These include difficulty distinguishing between tumor recurrence and post-surgical necrotic regions, and operative risks associated with obtaining histological samples through direct surgery or biopsies. Consequently, there is a need for rapid, inexpensive, and minimally invasive techniques for early diagnosis and improved subsequent treatment. Research has shown that tumor-derived exosomes containing various long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical regulatory roles in immunomodulation, cancer metastasis, cancer development, and drug resistance in GBM. They regulate genes that enhance cancer growth and progression and alter the expression of several key signaling pathways. Due to the specificity and sensitivity of exosomal lncRNAs, they have the potential to be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis, as well as to monitor a patient's response to chemotherapy for GBM. In this review, we discuss the role of exosomal lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of GBM and their potential clinical applications for early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Fattahi
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Vahab Alamdari-Palangi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Khojaste Rahimi Jaberi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sajad Ehtiati
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Ojaghi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Rahimi-Jaberi
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Phuyen Dang
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | | | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Jia X, Xi J, Tian B, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Wang F, Li Z, Long J, Wang J, Fan GH, Li Q. The Tautomerase Activity of Tumor Exosomal MIF Promotes Pancreatic Cancer Progression by Modulating MDSC Differentiation. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:72-90. [PMID: 37956411 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease that is largely resistant to immunotherapy, in part because of the accumulation of immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Much evidence suggests that tumor-derived exosomes (TDE) contribute to the immunosuppressive activity mediated by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) within the pancreatic cancer TME. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, we report that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in TDEs has a key role in inducing MDSC formation in pancreatic cancer. We identified MIF in both human and murine pancreatic cancer-derived exosomes. Upon specific shRNA-mediated knockdown of MIF, the ability of pancreatic cancer-derived exosomes to promote MDSC differentiation was abrogated. This phenotype was rescued by reexpression of the wild-type form of MIF rather than a tautomerase-null mutant or a thiol-protein oxidoreductase-null mutant, indicating that both MIF enzyme activity sites play a role in exosome-induced MDSC formation in pancreatic cancer. RNA sequencing data indicated that MIF tautomerase regulated the expression of genes required for MDSC differentiation, recruitment, and activation. We therefore developed a MIF tautomerase inhibitor, IPG1576. The inhibitor effectively inhibited exosome-induced MDSC differentiation in vitro and reduced tumor growth in an orthotopic pancreatic cancer model, which was associated with decreased numbers of MDSCs and increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells in the TME. Collectively, our findings highlight a pivotal role for MIF in exosome-induced MDSC differentiation in pancreatic cancer and underscore the potential of MIF tautomerase inhibitors to reverse the immunosuppressive pancreatic cancer microenvironment, thereby augmenting anticancer immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebing Jia
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbei Xi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Immunophage Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Binle Tian
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Immunophage Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- Department of Oncology, Immunophage Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Autoimmune Disease, Immunophage Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Long
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - JianFei Wang
- Excecutive Office, Immunophage Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Laboratory Animal Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Huang Fan
- Excecutive Office, Immunophage Biotech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Li
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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23
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Tendulkar R, Tendulkar M. Current Update of Research on Exosomes in Cancer. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:26-39. [PMID: 37461337 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230717105000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are vesicles secreted by the plasma membrane of the cells delimited by a lipid bilayer membrane into the extracellular space of the cell. Their release is associated with the disposal mechanism to remove unwanted materials from the cells. Exosomes released from primary tumour sites migrate to other parts of the body to create a metastatic environment for spreading the tumour cells. We have reviewed that exosomes interfere with the tumour progression by (i) promoting angiogenesis, (ii) initiating metastasis, (iii) regulating tumour microenvironment (TME) and inflammation, (iv) modifying energy metabolism, and (v) transferring mutations. We have found that EVs play an important role in inducing tumour drug resistance against anticancer drugs. This review discusses the potential of exosomes to generate a significant therapeutic effect along with improved diagnosis, prognosis, insights on the various research conducted and their significant findings of our interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Tendulkar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vivekanand Education Society's College of Pharmacy, India
| | - Mugdha Tendulkar
- Faculty of Science, Sardar Vallabhbhai College of Science, India
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24
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Ostrowska-Lesko M, Rajtak A, Moreno-Bueno G, Bobinski M. Scientific and clinical relevance of non-cellular tumor microenvironment components in ovarian cancer chemotherapy resistance. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189036. [PMID: 38042260 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) components play a crucial role in cancer cells' resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. This phenomenon is exceptionally fundamental in patients with ovarian cancer (OvCa), whose outcome depends mainly on their response to chemotherapy. Until now, most reports have focused on the role of cellular components of the TME, while less attention has been paid to the stroma and other non-cellular elements of the TME, which may play an essential role in the therapy resistance. Inhibiting these components could help define new therapeutic targets and potentially restore chemosensitivity. The aim of the present article is both to summarize the knowledge about non-cellular components of the TME in the development of OvCa chemoresistance and to suggest targeting of non-cellular elements of the TME as a valuable strategy to overcome chemoresistance and to develop new therapeutic strategies in OvCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ostrowska-Lesko
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Lublin, 8b Jaczewskiego Street, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Alicja Rajtak
- 1st Chair and Department of Oncological Gynecology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland
| | - Gema Moreno-Bueno
- Biochemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas 'Sols-Morreale' (IIBm-CISC), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Fundación MD Anderson Internacional (FMDA), Spain.
| | - Marcin Bobinski
- 1st Chair and Department of Oncological Gynecology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
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25
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Rismanbaf A. Improving targeted small molecule drugs to overcome chemotherapy resistance. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e1945. [PMID: 37994401 PMCID: PMC10809209 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional cancer treatments face the challenge of therapeutic resistance, which causes poor treatment outcomes. The use of combination therapies can improve treatment results in patients and is one of the solutions to overcome this challenge. Chemotherapy is one of the conventional treatments that, due to the non-targeted and lack of specificity in targeting cancer cells, can cause serious complications in the short and long-term for patients by damaging healthy cells. Also, the employment of a wide range of strategies for chemotherapy resistance by cancer cells, metastasis, and cancer recurrence create serious problems to achieve the desired results of chemotherapy. Accordingly, targeted therapies can be used as a combination treatment with chemotherapy to both cause less damage to healthy cells, which as a result, they reduce the side effects of chemotherapy, and by targeting the factors that cause therapeutic challenges, can improve the results of chemotherapy in patients. RECENT FINDINGS Small molecules are one of the main targeted therapies that can be used for diverse targets in cancer treatment due to their penetration ability and characteristics. However, small molecules in cancer treatment are facing obstacles that a better understanding of cancer biology, as well as the mechanisms and factors involved in chemotherapy resistance, can lead to the improvement of this type of major targeted therapy. CONCLUSION In this review article, at first, the challenges that lead to not achieving the desired results in chemotherapy and how cancer cells can be resistant to chemotherapy are examined, and at the end, research areas are suggested that more focusing on them, can lead to the improvement of the results of using targeted small molecules as an adjunctive treatment for chemotherapy in the conditions of chemotherapy resistance and metastasis of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Rismanbaf
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical SciencesIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
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26
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Al-Hawary SIS, Alhajlah S, Olegovich BD, Hjazi A, Rajput P, Ali SHJ, Abosoda M, Ihsan A, Oudah SK, Mustafa YF. Effective extracellular vesicles in glioma: Focusing on effective ncRNA exosomes and immunotherapy methods for treatment. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3921. [PMID: 38269511 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive article explores the complex field of glioma treatment, with a focus on the important roles of non-coding RNAsRNAs (ncRNAs) and exosomes, as well as the potential synergies of immunotherapy. The investigation begins by examining the various functions of ncRNAs and their involvement in glioma pathogenesis, progression, and as potential diagnostic biomarkers. Special attention is given to exosomes as carriers of ncRNAs and their intricate dynamics within the tumor microenvironment. The exploration extends to immunotherapy methods, analyzing their mechanisms and clinical implications in the treatment of glioma. By synthesizing these components, the article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how ncRNAs, exosomes, and immunotherapy interact, offering valuable insights into the evolving landscape of glioma research and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sharif Alhajlah
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqraa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bokov Dmitry Olegovich
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pranchal Rajput
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Saad Hayif Jasim Ali
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Health and Medical Technology, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Munther Abosoda
- College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Ihsan
- Department of Medical Laboratories Techniques, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Iraq
| | - Shamam Kareem Oudah
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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27
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Zheng R, Gao F, Xiao Y, Liang J, Mao Z, Gan C, Song H, Du M, Wang M, Tian M, Zhang Z. PM 2.5-derived exosomal long noncoding RNA PAET participates in childhood asthma by enhancing DNA damage via m 6A-dependent OXPHOS regulation. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108386. [PMID: 38134679 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is known to enhance DNA damage levels and is involved in respiratory diseases. Exosomes can carry noncoding RNAs, especially long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), as regulators of DNA damage, which participate in diseases. However, their role in PM2.5-induced childhood asthma remains unclear. We performed RNA-seq to profile aberrantly expressed exosomal lncRNAs derived from PM2.5-treated human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cell models. The role of exosomal lncRNAs in childhood asthma was determined in a case-control study. The intercellular communication mechanisms of exosomal lncRNA on DNA damage were determined in vitro. Exosomes secreted by PM2.5-treated HBE cells (PM2.5-Exos) could increase the DNA damage levels of recipient HBE cells and promote the expression levels of airway remodeling-related markers in sensitive human bronchial smooth muscle cells (HBSMCs). LncRNA PM2.5-associated exosomal transcript (PAET) was highly expressed in PM2.5-Exos and was associated with PM2.5 exposure in childhood asthma. Mechanistically, exosomal lncRNA PAET promoted methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) accumulation by increasing its stability, which stimulated N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4I1 (COX4I1), and COX4I1 levels were decreased in a mechanism dependent on the m6A "reader" YTH domain family 3 (YTHDF3). COX4I1 deficiency subsequently disrupted oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), resulting in attenuated adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which increased DNA damage levels. This comprehensive study extends the understanding of PM2.5-induced childhood asthma via DNA damage and identifies exosomal lncRNA PAET as a potential target for childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zheng
- Departments of Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Genomics, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China.
| | - Fang Gao
- Departments of Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Genomics, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanping Xiao
- Departments of Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Genomics, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiayuan Liang
- Departments of Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Genomics, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenguang Mao
- Departments of Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Genomics, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cong Gan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Song
- Departments of Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Genomics, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mulong Du
- Departments of Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Genomics, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Biostatistics, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meilin Wang
- Departments of Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Genomics, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Man Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- Departments of Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Genomics, The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, China.
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28
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Zheng S, Tian Q, Yuan Y, Sun S, Li T, Xia R, He R, Luo Y, Lin Q, Fu Z, Zhou Y, Chen R, Hu C. Extracellular vesicle-packaged circBIRC6 from cancer-associated fibroblasts induce platinum resistance via SUMOylation modulation in pancreatic cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:324. [PMID: 38012734 PMCID: PMC10683239 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02854-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play pivotal roles in chemoresistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Revealing the cross-talk network between tumor stroma and pancreatic cancer and developing effective strategies against oxaliplatin resistance are highly desired in the clinic. METHODS High-throughput sequence was used to screened the key circRNAs transmitted by extracellular vesicles (EVs) from CAFs to pancreatic cancer cells. The associations between EV-packaged circBIRC6 and chemotherapy responsiveness were validated in a cohort of 82 cases of advanced PDAC patients. Then, the effects of EV-packaged circBIRC6 on CAF-induced oxaliplatin resistance were investigated by flow cytometry, colony formation, viability of pancreatic cancer organoids in vitro and by xenograft models in vivo. RNA pulldown, RNA immunoprecipitation, and sites mutation assays were used to reveal the underlying mechanism. RESULTS We identified a circRNA, circBIRC6, is significantly upregulated in CAF-derived EVs and is positively associated with oxaliplatin-based chemoresistance. In vitro and in vivo functional assays showed that CAF-derived EV-packaged circBIRC6 enhance oxaliplatin resistance of pancreatic cancer cells and organoids via regulating the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) dependent DNA repair. Mechanistically, circBIRC6 directly binds with XRCC4 and enhanced the interaction of XRCC4 with SUMO1 at the lysine 115 residue, which facilitated XRCC4 chromatin localization. XRCC4K115R mutation dramatically abrogated the EV-packaged circBIRC6 induced effect. Moreover, combination of antisense oligonucleotide inhibitors against circBIRC6 with Olaparib dramatically suppressed chemoresistance in patient-derived xenograft models. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that EV-packaged circBIRC6 confer oxaliplatin resistance in PDAC by mediating SUMOylation of XRCC4, introducing a promising predictive and therapeutic target for PDAC on oxaliplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangyou Zheng
- Department of Pancreas Center, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Tian
- School of medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Guangdong cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuxin Sun
- Department of Pancreas Center, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingting Li
- School of medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Renpeng Xia
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Rihua He
- Department of Pancreas Center, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong province, China
| | - Yuming Luo
- Department of Pancreas Center, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Pancreas Center, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pancreatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pancreas Center, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Rufu Chen
- Department of Pancreas Center, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
- School of medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong Province, China.
- Guangdong cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chonghui Hu
- Department of Pancreas Center, Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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Lunavat TR, Nieland L, Vrijmoet AB, Zargani-Piccardi A, Samaha Y, Breyne K, Breakefield XO. Roles of extracellular vesicles in glioblastoma: foes, friends and informers. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1291177. [PMID: 38074665 PMCID: PMC10704464 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1291177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) tumors are one of the most insidious cancers which take over the brain and defy therapy. Over time and in response to treatment the tumor and the brain cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) undergo many genetic/epigenetic driven changes in their phenotypes and this is reflected in the cellular contents within the extracellular vesicles (EVs) they produce. With the result that some EVs try to subdue the tumor (friends of the brain), while others participate in the glioblastoma takeover (foes of the brain) in a dynamic and ever changing process. Monitoring the contents of these EVs in biofluids can inform decisions based on GB status to guide therapeutic intervention. This review covers primarily recent research describing the different cell types in the brain, as well as the tumor cells, which participate in this EV deluge. This includes EVs produced by the tumor which manipulate the transcriptome of normal cells in their environment in support of tumor growth (foes), as well as responses of normal cells which try to restrict tumor growth and invasion, including traveling to cervical lymph nodes to present tumor neo-antigens to dendritic cells (DCs). In addition EVs released by tumors into biofluids can report on the status of living tumor cells via their cargo and thus serving as biomarkers. However, EVs released by tumor cells and their influence on normal cells in the tumor microenvironment is a major factor in immune suppression and coercion of normal brain cells to join the GB "band wagon". Efforts are being made to deploy EVs as therapeutic vehicles for drugs and small inhibitory RNAs. Increasing knowledge about EVs in the TME is being utilized to track tumor progression and response to therapy and even to weaponize EVs to fight the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taral R. Lunavat
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lisa Nieland
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, RC, Netherlands
| | - Anne B. Vrijmoet
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Ayrton Zargani-Piccardi
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Youssef Samaha
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Koen Breyne
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Xandra O. Breakefield
- Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
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Molodtsova D, Guryev DV, Osipov AN. Composition of Conditioned Media from Radioresistant and Chemoresistant Cancer Cells Reveals miRNA and Other Secretory Factors Implicated in the Development of Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16498. [PMID: 38003688 PMCID: PMC10671404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chemo- or radiotherapy is the main obstacle to consistent treatment outcomes in oncology patients. A deeper understanding of the mechanisms driving the development of resistance is required. This review focuses on secretory factors derived from chemo- and radioresistant cancer cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and cancer stem cells (CSCs) that mediate the development of resistance in unexposed cells. The first line of evidence considers the experiments with conditioned media (CM) from chemo- and radioresistant cells, CAFs, MSCs, and CSCs that elevate resistance upon the ionizing radiation or anti-cancer drug exposure of previously untreated cells. The composition of CM revealed factors such as circular RNAs; interleukins; plasminogen activator inhibitor; and oncosome-shuttled lncRNAs, mRNAs, and miRNAs that aid in cellular communication and transmit signals inducing the chemo- and radioresistance of sensitive cancer cells. Data, demonstrating that radioresistant cancer cells become resistant to anti-neoplastic drug exposure and vice versa, are also discussed. The mechanisms driving the development of cross-resistance between chemotherapy and radiotherapy are highlighted. The secretion of resistance-mediating factors to intercellular fluid and blood brings attention to its diagnostic potential. Highly stable serum miRNA candidates were proposed by several studies as prognostic markers of radioresistance; however, clinical studies are needed to validate their utility. The ability to predict a treatment response with the help of the miRNA resistance status database will help with the selection of an effective therapeutic strategy. The possibility of miRNA-based therapy is currently being investigated with ongoing clinical studies, and such approaches can be used to alleviate resistance in oncology patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Molodtsova
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- State Research Center—Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency (SRC—FMBC), 123098 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Denis V. Guryev
- State Research Center—Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency (SRC—FMBC), 123098 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Andreyan N. Osipov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- State Research Center—Burnasyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center of Federal Medical Biological Agency (SRC—FMBC), 123098 Moscow, Russia;
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot-Curie St., 141980 Dubna, Russia
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Zhang Y, Jiao Z, Wang S. Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Release miR-378a-5p-Carried Extracellular Vesicles to Alleviate Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Innate Immun 2023; 15:893-910. [PMID: 37926093 PMCID: PMC10715757 DOI: 10.1159/000534830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates whether bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) can affect rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by delivering microRNA (miR)-378a-5p to regulate the interferon regulatory factor 1/signal transducer and transcription 1 (IRF1/STAT1) axis. We identified RA-associated miRNAs using the GEO microarray dataset GSE121894. We found the most important miRNAs in RA synovial tissues using RT-qPCR. BMSC-derived EVs were ultracentrifuged and cocultured with human synovial microvascular endothelial cells (HSMECs) in vitro. Dual-luciferase and RNA immunoprecipitation studies examined miR-378a-5p's specific binding to IRF1. We also measured angiogenesis, migration, and proliferation using CCK-8, Transwell, and tube formation assays. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice models were created by inducing arthritis and scoring it. RA synovial tissues had low miR-378a-5p expression, whereas BMSC-derived EVs had high levels. The transfer of miR-378a-5p by BMSC-derived EVs to HSMECs boosted proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. miR-378a-5p inhibited IRF1. MiR-378a-5p-containing BMSC-derived EVs decreased STAT1 phosphorylation and HSMEC IRF1 expression. EVs with miR-378a-5p mimic promoted HSMEC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, whereas dexmedetomidine inhibited STAT1 phosphorylation. In CIA mice, BMSC-derived EVs containing miR-378a-5p enhanced synovial vascular remodeling and histopathology. Thus, miR-378a-5p from BMSC-derived EVs promotes HSMEC proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis, inactivating the IRF1/STAT1 axis and preventing RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Ziying Jiao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui No.2 Provincial People’s Hospital, Hefei, PR China
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Wu W, He J. Unveiling the functional paradigm of exosome-derived long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer: based on a narrative review and systematic review. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:15219-15247. [PMID: 37578522 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05273-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The intricate mechanisms underlying intercellular communication within the tumor microenvironment remain largely elusive. Recently, attention has shifted towards exploring the intercellular signaling mediated by exosomal long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) within this context. This comprehensive systematic review aims to elucidate the functional paradigm of exosome-derived lncRNAs in cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The review provides a comprehensive narrative of lncRNA definition, characteristics, as well as the formation, sorting, and uptake processes of exosome-derived lncRNAs. Additionally, it describes comprehensive technology for exosome research and nucleic acid drug loading. This review further systematically examines the cellular origins, functional roles, and underlying mechanisms of exosome-derived lncRNAs in recipient cells within the cancer setting. RESULTS The functional paradigm of exosome-derived lncRNAs in cancer mainly depends on the source cells and sorting mechanism of exosomal lncRNAs, the recipient cells and uptake mechanisms of exosomal lncRNAs, and the specific molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in recipient cells. The source cells of exosomal lncRNAs mainly involved in the current review included tumor cells, cancer stem cells, normal cells, macrophages, and cancer-associated fibroblasts. CONCLUSION This synthesis of knowledge offers valuable insights for accurately identifying exosomal lncRNAs with potential as tumor biomarkers. Moreover, it aids in the selection of appropriate targeting strategies and preclinical models, thereby facilitating the clinical translation of exosomal lncRNAs as promising therapeutic targets against cancer. Through a comprehensive understanding of the functional role of exosome-derived lncRNAs in cancer, this review paves the way for advancements in personalized medicine and improved treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Wu
- Department of General Surgery (Gastrointestinal Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Jia He
- Faculty Affairs and Human Resources Management Department, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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33
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Bryja A, Zadka Ł, Farzaneh M, Zehtabi M, Ghasemian M, Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska M, Mozdziak P, Zabel M, Podhorska-Okołów M, Dzięgiel P, Piotrowska-Kempisty H, Kempisty B. Small extracellular vesicles - A host for advanced bioengineering and "Trojan Horse" of non-coding RNAs. Life Sci 2023; 332:122126. [PMID: 37769803 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are a type of membranous vesicles that can be released by cells into the extracellular space. The relationship between sEVs and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) is highly intricate and interdependent. This symbiotic relationship plays a pivotal role in facilitating intercellular communication and holds profound implications for a myriad of biological processes. The concept of sEVs and their ncRNA cargo as a "Trojan Horse" highlights their remarkable capacity to traverse biological barriers and surreptitiously deliver their cargo to target cells, evading detection by the host-immune system. Accumulating evidence suggests that sEVs may be harnessed as carriers to ferry therapeutic ncRNAs capable of selectively silencing disease-driving genes, particularly in conditions such as cancer. This approach presents several advantages over conventional drug delivery methods, opening up new possibilities for targeted therapy and improved treatment outcomes. However, the utilization of sEVs and ncRNAs as therapeutic agents raises valid concerns regarding the possibility of unforeseen consequences and unintended impacts that may emerge from their application. It is important to consider the fundamental attributes of sEVs and ncRNAs, including by an in-depth analysis of the practical and clinical potentials of exosomes, serving as a representative model for sEVs encapsulating ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Bryja
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Zadka
- Division of Ultrastructural Research, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Zehtabi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Ghasemian
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Paul Mozdziak
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA
| | - Maciej Zabel
- Division of Ultrastructural Research, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland; Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland; Division of Anatomy and Histology, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Dzięgiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland; Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland; Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Toruń, Poland.
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Marangon D, Lecca D. Exosomal non-coding RNAs in glioma progression: insights into tumor microenvironment dynamics and therapeutic implications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1275755. [PMID: 38020906 PMCID: PMC10646304 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1275755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common and deadly types of brain tumors, known for their extensive genetic and epigenetic variability, which poses considerable challenges for pharmacological treatment. Glioma heterogeneity is also related to their intricate and dynamic tumor microenvironment (TME), which comprises a diverse array of cell types, including immune cells, vascular cells, glial cells, and neural precursors, collectively influencing tumor behavior and progression. A pivotal aspect of this intercellular communication relies on the exchange of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contain and transfer complex molecular cargoes typical of their cells of origin, such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, metabolites, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), that encompass microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). Glioma cells actively release EVs loaded with specific ncRNAs that can target genes and other ncRNAs in recipient cells residing within the TME. Among these recipient cells, prominent players include tumor-associated macrophages and microglia (TAMs), non-neoplastic astrocytes and endothelial cells. The intricate interplay between EVs derived from glioma cells and these recipient cells significantly contributes to the establishment of a tumor-permissive microenvironment, promoting tumor cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and invasion, by targeting various downstream pathways. This review critically examines the current understanding of the intricate interplay between glioma, exosomal ncRNAs, and various components of the glioma TME. By shedding light on the roles of ncRNAs in mediating intercellular communication, this review underscores their significance in orchestrating TME transformation and highlights their potential as novel therapeutic targets for effectively tackling glioma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Marangon
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology of Purinergic Transmission, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Soni N, Nandi G, Chaudhary M, Bissa B. The role of ncRNA in the co-regulation of autophagy and exosome pathways during cancer progression. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119523. [PMID: 37348764 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery a few decades ago, autophagy has been recognized as a crucial signaling pathway, linked to the recycling of cellular components in nutrient stress. Autophagy is a two-way sword, playing a dual role in tumorigenesis. In this catabolic process, dysfunctional organelles, biomolecules, and misfolded proteins are sequestered in the autophagosome and sent to the lysosome for degradation. Alongside, there are cellular messengers called exosomes, which are released from cells and are known to communicate and regulate metabolism in recipient cells. Multivesicular bodies (MVB) act as the intricate link between autophagy and exosome pathways. The continuous crosstalk between the two pathways is coordinated and regulated by multiple players among which ncRNA is the emerging candidates. The exosomes carry varied cargo of which non-coding RNA exerts an immediate regulatory effect on recipient cells. ncRNA is known to exhibit dual behavior in both promoting and inhibiting tumor growth. There is increasing evidence for the involvement of ncRNAs' in the regulation of different hallmarks of cancer. Different ncRNAs are involved in the co-regulation of autophagy and exosome pathways and therefore represent a superior therapeutic approach to target cancer chemoresistance. Here, we will discuss the ncRNA involved in regulating autophagy, and exosomes pathways and its relevance in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Soni
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Gargi Nandi
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Megha Chaudhary
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
| | - Bhawana Bissa
- Dept. of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India.
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Nag S, Bhattacharya B, Dutta S, Mandal D, Mukherjee S, Anand K, Eswaramoorthy R, Thorat N, Jha SK, Gorai S. Clinical Theranostics Trademark of Exosome in Glioblastoma Metastasis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5205-5221. [PMID: 37578350 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive type of cancer that has led to the death of a large population. The traditional approach fails to develop a solution for GBM's suffering life. Extensive research into tumor microenvironments (TME) indicates that TME extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a vital role in cancer development and progression. EVs are classified into microvacuoles, apoptotic bodies, and exosomes. Exosomes are the most highlighted domains in cancer research. GBM cell-derived exosomes participate in multiple cancer progression events such as immune suppression, angiogenesis, premetastatic niche formation (PMN), ECM (extracellular matrix), EMT (epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition), metastasis, cancer stem cell development and therapeutic and drug resistance. GBM exosomes also carry the signature of a glioblastoma-related status. The exosome-based GBM examination is part of the new generation of liquid biopsy. It also solved early diagnostic limitations in GBM. Traditional therapeutic approaches do not cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Exosomes are a game changer in GBM treatment and it is emerging as a potential platform for effective, efficient, and specific therapeutic development. In this review, we have explored the exosome-GBM interlink, the clinical impact of exosomes on GBM biomarkers, the therapeutics signature of exosomes in GBM, exosome-based research challenges, and future directions in GBM. Therefore, the GBM-derived exosomes offer unique therapeutic opportunities, which are currently under preclinical and clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagnik Nag
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Bikramjit Bhattacharya
- Department of Applied Microbiology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Swagata Dutta
- Department of Agricultural and food Engineering, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
| | - Debashmita Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology (MAKAUT), Haringhata, Nadia, West Bengal 741249, India
| | - Sayantanee Mukherjee
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala 682041, India
| | - Krishnan Anand
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy
- Department of Biomaterials, Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha institute of Medical and Technical sciences (SIMATS) Chennai 600077, India
| | - Nanasaheb Thorat
- Limerick Digital Cancer Research Centre and Department of Physics, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Co. Limerick, Limerick V94T9PX, Ireland
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Knowledge Park-III, Institutional Area, Greater Noida 201310, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Sukhamoy Gorai
- Rush University Medical Center, 1620 W Harrison Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
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Liu Q, Peng Q, Zhang B, Tan Y. X-ray cross-complementing family: the bridge linking DNA damage repair and cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:602. [PMID: 37679817 PMCID: PMC10483876 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic instability is a common hallmark of human tumours. As a carrier of genetic information, DNA is constantly threatened by various damaging factors that, if not repaired in time, can affect the transmission of genetic information and lead to cellular carcinogenesis. In response to these threats, cells have evolved a range of DNA damage response mechanisms, including DNA damage repair, to maintain genomic stability. The X-ray repair cross-complementary gene family (XRCC) comprises an important class of DNA damage repair genes that encode proteins that play important roles in DNA single-strand breakage and DNA base damage repair. The dysfunction of the XRCC gene family is associated with the development of various tumours. In the context of tumours, mutations in XRCC and its aberrant expression, result in abnormal DNA damage repair, thus contributing to the malignant progression of tumour cells. In this review, we summarise the significant roles played by XRCC in diverse tumour types. In addition, we discuss the correlation between the XRCC family members and tumour therapeutic sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Qiu Peng
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Yueqiu Tan
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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Luo M, Luan X, Jiang G, Yang L, Yan K, Li S, Xiang W, Zhou J. The Dual Effects of Exosomes on Glioma: A Comprehensive Review. J Cancer 2023; 14:2707-2719. [PMID: 37779868 PMCID: PMC10539397 DOI: 10.7150/jca.86996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a frequently occurring type of cancer that affects the central nervous system. Despite the availability of standardized treatment options including surgical resection, concurrent radiotherapy, and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) therapy, the prognosis for glioma patients is often unfavorable. Exosomes act as vehicles for intercellular communication, contributing to tissue repair, immune modulation, and the transfer of metabolic cargo to recipient cells. However, the transmission of abnormal substances can also contribute to pathologic states such as cancer, metabolic diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. The field of exosome research in oncology has seen significant advancements, with exosomes identified as dynamic modulators of tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as angiogenesis and drug resistance. Exosomes have negligible cytotoxicity, low immunogenicity, and small size, rendering them an ideal therapeutic candidate for glioma. This comprehensive review discusses the dual effects of exosomes in glioma, with an emphasis on their role in facilitating drug resistance. Furthermore, the clinical applications and current limitations of exosomes in glioma therapy are also discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maowen Luo
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xingzhao Luan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of PanZhiHua University, PanZhiHua 617000, China
| | - Gen Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Luxia Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Kekun Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of PanZhiHua University, PanZhiHua 617000, China
| | - Shenjie Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Luzhou 646000, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Luzhou 646000, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Luzhou 646000, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou 646000, China
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Agosti E, Panciani PP, Zeppieri M, De Maria L, Pasqualetti F, Tel A, Zanin L, Fontanella MM, Ius T. Tumor Microenvironment and Glioblastoma Cell Interplay as Promoters of Therapeutic Resistance. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12050736. [PMID: 37237548 DOI: 10.3390/biology12050736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The invasive nature of glioblastoma is problematic in a radical surgery approach and can be responsible for tumor recurrence. In order to create new therapeutic strategies, it is imperative to have a better understanding of the mechanisms behind tumor growth and invasion. The continuous cross-talk between glioma stem cells (GSCs) and the tumor microenvironment (TME) contributes to disease progression, which renders research in this field difficult and challenging. The main aim of the review was to assess the different possible mechanisms that could explain resistance to treatment promoted by TME and GSCs in glioblastoma, including the role of M2 macrophages, micro RNAs (miRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) from exosomes from the TME. A systematic review of the literature on the role of the TME in developing and promoting radioresistance and chemoresistance of GBM was performed according to PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) guidelines. A dedicated literature review search was also performed on the immunotherapeutic agents against the immune TME. We identified 367 papers using the reported keywords. The final qualitative analysis was conducted on 25 studies. A growing amount of evidence in the current literature supports the role of M2 macrophages and non-coding RNAs in promoting the mechanisms of chemo and radioresistance. A better insight into how GBM cells interact with TME is an essential step towards comprehending the mechanisms that give rise to resistance to standard treatment, which can help to pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Agosti
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Panciani
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Zeppieri
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Lucio De Maria
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesco Pasqualetti
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, 56100 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Alessandro Tel
- Clinic of Maxillofacial Surgery, Head-Neck and NeuroScience Department, University Hospital of Udine, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Luca Zanin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Maria Fontanella
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Tamara Ius
- Neurosurgery Unit, Head-Neck and NeuroScience Department, University Hospital of Udine, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia 15, 33100 Udine, Italy
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Lenda B, Żebrowska-Nawrocka M, Turek G, Balcerczak E. Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox Family: Non-Coding RNA and Epigenetic Regulation in Gliomas. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051364. [PMID: 37239035 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumours. Among them, glioblastoma (GBM) is a grade four tumour with a median survival of approximately 15 months and still limited treatment options. Although a classical epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is not the case in glioma due to its non-epithelial origin, the EMT-like processes may contribute largely to the aggressive and highly infiltrative nature of these tumours, thus promoting invasive phenotype and intracranial metastasis. To date, many well-known EMT transcription factors (EMT-TFs) have been described with clear, biological functions in glioma progression. Among them, EMT-related families of molecules such as SNAI, TWIST and ZEB are widely cited, well-established oncogenes considering both epithelial and non-epithelial tumours. In this review, we aimed to summarise the current knowledge with a regard to functional experiments considering the impact of miRNA and lncRNA as well as other epigenetic modifications, with a main focus on ZEB1 and ZEB2 in gliomas. Although we explored various molecular interactions and pathophysiological processes, such as cancer stem cell phenotype, hypoxia-induced EMT, tumour microenvironment and TMZ-resistant tumour cells, there is still a pressing need to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which EMT-TFs are regulated in gliomas, which will enable researchers to uncover novel therapeutic targets as well as improve patients' diagnosis and prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Lenda
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, BRaIN Laboratories, Medical University of Lodz, Czechoslowacka 4, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Żebrowska-Nawrocka
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, BRaIN Laboratories, Medical University of Lodz, Czechoslowacka 4, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Turek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bródnowski Masovian Hospital, Kondratowicza 8, 03-242 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Balcerczak
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, BRaIN Laboratories, Medical University of Lodz, Czechoslowacka 4, 92-216 Lodz, Poland
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CD24-associated ceRNA network reveals prognostic biomarkers in breast carcinoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3826. [PMID: 36882451 PMCID: PMC9992383 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25072-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer types which is described as the leading cause of cancer death in women. After competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hypothesis was proposed, this triple regulatory network has been observed in various cancers, and increasing evidences reveal that ceRNA network plays a significant role in the migration, invasion, proliferation of cancer cells. In the current study, our target is to construct a CD24-associated ceRNA network, and to further identify key prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer. Using the transcriptom profiles from TCGA database, we performed a comprehensive analysis between CD24high tumor samples and CD24low tumor samples, and identified 132 DElncRNAs, 602 DEmRNAs and 26 DEmiRNAs. Through comprehensive analysis, RP1-228H13.5/miR-135a-5p/BEND3 and SIM2 were identified as key CD24-associated biomarkers, which exhibited highly significance with overall survival, immune microenvironment as well as clinical features. To sum up the above, the current study constructed a CD24-associated ceRNA network, and RP1-228H13.5/miR-135a-5p/BEND3 and SIM2 axis worked as a potential therapeutic target and a predictor for BRCA diagnosis and prognosis.
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Yu Z, Tang H, Chen S, Xie Y, Shi L, Xia S, Jiang M, Li J, Chen D. Exosomal LOC85009 inhibits docetaxel resistance in lung adenocarcinoma through regulating ATG5-induced autophagy. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 67:100915. [PMID: 36641841 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aims at investigating the role of a neighbor long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) of HDAC4 (LOC85009) in docetaxel (DTX) resistance of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). METHODS RT-qPCR was used to analyze LOC85009 expression in DTX-resistant LUAD cells. In vitro and in vivo experiments were applied to detect the influence of LOC85009 on LUAD cell growth and xenograft tumor growth. DNA pull down assay, RNA pull down assay, ChIP assay, CoIP assay and RIP assay were performed to identify the direct interactions between factors. RESULTS LOC85009 was lowly-expressed in DTX-resistant LUAD cells. Functionally, LOC85009 overexpression inhibited DTX resistance and cell proliferation but triggered cell apoptosis. Moreover, we identified that LOC85009 was transferred from LUAD cells to DTX-resistant LUAD cells via exosomes. Exosomal LOC85009 inhibited DTX resistance, proliferation and autophagy while induced apoptosis in DTX-resistant cells. Additionally, we found that LOC85009 sequestered ubiquitin-specific proteinase 5 (USP5) to destabilize upstream transcription factor 1 (USF1) protein, thereby inactivating ATG5 transcription. CONCLUSIONS Exosomal LOC85009 inhibits DTX resistance through regulation of ATG5-induced autophagy via USP5/USF1 axis, suggesting that LOC85009 might be a potential target to reverse DTX resistance in the treatment of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyuan Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hailin Tang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510062, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaomu Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yufeng Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liyan Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuhua Xia
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.188 Shizi Street, Gusu District, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiaoyang Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 519041, Guangdong, China.
| | - Dongqin Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.160 Pujian Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127, China; Department of Oncology, Nantong City No. 1 People's Hospital and Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No. 666, Shengli Road, Nantong 226000, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Roh J, Im M, Kang J, Youn B, Kim W. Long non-coding RNA in glioma: novel genetic players in temozolomide resistance. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2023; 27:19-28. [PMID: 36819921 PMCID: PMC9937017 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2023.2175497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and accounts for approximately 80% of brain and central nervous system tumors. In 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) published a new taxonomy for glioma based on its histological features and molecular alterations. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) catalyzes the decarboxylation of isocitrate, a critical metabolic reaction in energy generation in cells. Mutations in the IDH genes interrupt cell differentiation and serve as molecular biomarkers that can be used to classify gliomas. For example, the mutant IDH is widely detected in low-grade gliomas, whereas the wild type is in high-grade ones, including glioblastomas. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are epigenetically involved in gene expression and contribute to glioma development. To investigate the potential use of lncRNAs as biomarkers, we examined lncRNA dysregulation dependent on the IDH mutation status. We found that several lncRNAs, namely, AL606760.2, H19, MALAT1, PVT1 and SBF2-AS1 may function as glioma risk factors, whereas AC068643.1, AC079228.1, DGCR5, FAM13A-AS1, HAR1A and WDFY3-AS2 may have protective effects. Notably, H19, MALAT1, PVT1, and SBF2-AS1 have been associated with temozolomide resistance in glioma patients. This review study suggests that targeting glioma-associated lncRNAs might aid the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungwook Roh
- Department of Science Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijung Im
- Department of Science Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - JiHoon Kang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - BuHyun Youn
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea, BuHyun Youn Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil 2, Geumjeong-gu, Busan46241, Republic of Korea; Wanyeon Kim Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education, 250 Taeseongtabyeon-ro, Gangnae-myeon, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk28173, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanyeon Kim
- Department of Science Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea,Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea, BuHyun Youn Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil 2, Geumjeong-gu, Busan46241, Republic of Korea; Wanyeon Kim Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education, 250 Taeseongtabyeon-ro, Gangnae-myeon, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk28173, Republic of Korea
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Hussain SA, Venkatesh T. YBX1/lncRNA SBF2-AS1 interaction regulates proliferation and tamoxifen sensitivity via PI3K/AKT/MTOR signaling in breast cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:3413-3428. [PMID: 36754932 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08308-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) is a multifunctional oncoprotein that can interact with several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) to regulate metastasis in malignancies including breast cancer (BC). In the present study, we demonstrated the association of YBX1 with oncogenic lncRNA SBF2-AS1 (SET-binding factor 2 antisense RNA 1) via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling to regulate BC cell proliferation. We further explored the involvement of the YBX1/SBF2-AS1/PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis in the restoration of tamoxifen (TAM) sensitivity. METHODS AND RESULTS YBX1-SBF2-AS1 association was predicted in silico and verified by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP)-qPCR assay. Transfection experiments, Real-time RT PCR, Western blots, Phospho AKT/mTOR antibody array kit, and cell proliferation/apoptosis assays were employed to detect the YBX1/SBF2-AS1/ PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis and its effects upon TAM treatment in vitro. We identified that the YBX1 protein specifically binds to lncRNA SBF2-AS1. Our transfection experiments in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cells with SBF2-AS1 silenced or overexpressed YBX1 plasmids, and their negative controls revealed that YBX1 regulates the expression of SBF2-AS1 by forming a positive feedback loop for its activation. We further demonstrated YBX1-SBF2-AS1 association exerts its effects on cell proliferation via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Furthermore, we observed an increase in TAM sensitivity in BC cells after the knockdown of YBX1-SBF2-AS1 marked by decreased cell proliferation through disruption of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis. CONCLUSION Our study has identified a novel YBX1/SBF2-AS1/PI3K/AKT/mTOR regulatory axis which may serve as a potential target to improve the effectiveness and efficacy of TAM treatment in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaharbhanu A Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India
| | - Thejaswini Venkatesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, 671316, India.
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Mei Y, Chen D, He S, Ye J, Luo M, Wu Q, Huang Y. Transcription Factor ELK3 Promotes Stemness and Oxaliplatin Resistance of Glioma Cells by Regulating RNASEH2A. Horm Metab Res 2023; 55:149-155. [PMID: 36638810 DOI: 10.1055/a-1981-3328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin is a member of the platinum group that is often used to treat glioma, a common type of malignant brain tumor, though it does not come with desirable and notable effects. This study attempted to investigate how ELK3 impacts the oxaliplatin resistance of glioma cells and its molecular mechanism. Bioinformatics analysis was employed to screen mRNAs with differential expression in glioma cells and predict the possible regulator downstream. We used qRT-PCR to detect the expression of ELK3 and RNASEH2A. Dual-luciferase and ChIP assays were adopted to reassure the regulatory relationship between the two. We also evaluated cell viability and sphere formation efficiency through CCK-8 and sphere formation assay and calculated the IC50 value by using CCK-8 assay. The expression of stemness-related proteins (ALDH1 and Nanog) was assessed through western blot. Glioma cells and tissues presented a significantly high expression of ELK3, the knock-down of which would reduce the cell viability, stemness and oxaliplatin resistance dramatically. Bioinformatics analysis predicted RNASEH2A to be the downstream regulator of ELK3. RNASEH2A was remarkably upregulated in glioma tissue and cells. The results from dual luciferase assay and ChIP experiment verified the binding relationship between RNASEH2A promoter region and ELK3. Then through rescue experiments, we confirmed that overexpression of RNASEH2A could compensate for the inhibition of glioma cell progression resulting from the knock-down of ELK3. ELK3 could promote stemness and oxaliplatin resistance of glioma cells by upregulating RNASEH2A, indicating that targeting ELK3/RNASEH2A axis may be a possible solution to overcome oxaliplatin resistance of glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Mei
- Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Duoning Chen
- Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Shike He
- Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Jinping Ye
- Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Ming Luo
- Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Qiangjun Wu
- Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Pathology, Zhejiang Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China
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Lv Y, Du X, Tang W, Yang Q, Gao F. Exosomes: The Role in Tumor Tolerance and the Potential Strategy for Tumor Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020462. [PMID: 36839784 PMCID: PMC9960400 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug and radiotherapy resistance is the primary cause of treatment failure and poor prognosis in patients with tumors. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles loaded with substances such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins that transmit information between cells. Studies have found that exosomes are involved in tumor therapy resistance through drug efflux, promotion of drug resistance phenotypes, delivery of drug-resistance-related molecules, and regulation of anti-tumor immune responses. Based on their low immunogenicity and high biocompatibility, exosomes have been shown to reduce tumor therapy resistance by loading nucleic acids, proteins, and drugs inside xosomes or expressing tumor-specific antigens, target peptides, and monoclonal antibodies on their phospholipid bimolecular membranes. Consequently, future research on genetically engineered exosomes is expected to eliminate resistance to tumor treatment, improving the overall prognosis of patients with tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lv
- Departmant of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Xiaobo Du
- Departmant of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Wenqiang Tang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637503, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Center of Scientific Research, Chengdu Medical College, No. 783, Xindu Avenue, Xindu District, Chengdu 610500, China
- Correspondence: or (Q.Y.); (F.G.)
| | - Feng Gao
- Departmant of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation (Mianyang Central Hospital), Mianyang Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Mianyang 621000, China
- Correspondence: or (Q.Y.); (F.G.)
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Cao Y, Xu P, Shen Y, Wu W, Chen M, Wang F, Zhu Y, Yan F, Gu W, Lin Y. Exosomes and cancer immunotherapy: A review of recent cancer research. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1118101. [PMID: 36727049 PMCID: PMC9885269 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1118101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
As phospholipid extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by various cells, exosomes contain non-coding RNA (ncRNA), mRNA, DNA fragments, lipids, and proteins, which are essential for intercellular communication. Several types of cells can secrete exosomes that contribute to cancer initiation and progression. Cancer cells and the immune microenvironment interact and restrict each other. Tumor-derived exosomes (TDEs) have become essential players in this balance because they carry information from the original cancer cells and express complexes of MHC class I/II epitopes and costimulatory molecules. In the present study, we aimed to identify potential targets for exosome therapy by examining the specific expression and mechanism of exosomes derived from cancer cells. We introduced TDEs and explored their role in different tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), with a particular emphasis on gastrointestinal cancers, before briefly describing the therapeutic strategies of exosomes in cancer immune-related therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cao
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Hematology, Soochow Hopes Hematology Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yangling Shen
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuandong Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiying Gu
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Yan Lin, ; Weiying Gu,
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China,*Correspondence: Yan Lin, ; Weiying Gu,
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Zhu Q, Zhang Y, Li M, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Chen J, Liu Z, Yuan P, Yang Z, Wang X. MiR-124-3p impedes the metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer via extracellular exosome transport and intracellular PI3K/AKT signaling. Biomark Res 2023; 11:1. [PMID: 36600320 PMCID: PMC9811783 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-022-00441-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis is a significant factor that affects the survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nevertheless, the molecular regulatory mechanism underlying the metastasis is currently not fully understood. This study aims to identify the important role of miR-124-3p in metastasis of NSCLC, thereby providing a potential therapeutic intervention. METHODS Exosome secretion was determined by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) and the uptake was measured by fluorescence inverted microscope. The binding mechanism between miR-124-3p and its upstream or downstream target genes was validated experimentally by Luciferase reporter. Cells migration was evaluated by transwell assays. Transcriptome sequencing on A549 was carried out to verify the potential signaling pathway underlying miR-124-3p regulation. Western blotting analysis was used to assess the level of AKT, p-AKT, PI3K, and p-PI3K protein expression in NSCLC cell lines. The role of miR-124-3p to suppress the tumor metastasis was verified in NSCLC xenograft model. RESULTS Exosomes were more abundant in serum from patients with advanced lung cancer (n = 24 patients) than in these from patients with early-stage lung cancer (n = 30 patients), which suggested the potential correlation between amount of exosome secretion and the metastasis of NSCLC. Interestingly, the exosome release, uptake and the migration of NSCLC cells were notably inhibited by miR-124-3p. LINC00511 suppressed the expression of miR-124-3p to facilitate exosome transport due to its role as the competitive endogenous RNA for miR-124-3p. The miR-124-3p could directly target the 3'-UTR of Rab27a in NSCLC cells to inhibit exosome secretion and thereby prevent cell migration and invasion. Aside from the inhibition of exosome transport, miR-124-3p inhibited the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling in the intracellular environment. Finally, by measuring subcutaneous tumor weight and volume and lung metastasis, we also demonstrated that miR-124-3p inhibited tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION In NSCLC, miR-124-3p significantly suppressed metastasis through extracellular exosome transport and intracellular PI3K/AKT signaling. These findings provide new insights toward a better understanding of the NSCLC metastasis and suggest a potential treatment biomarker for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhu
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050 China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021 China
| | - Yixuan Zhang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021 China
| | - Mo Li
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021 China
| | - Ying Zhang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021 China
| | - Huan Zhang
- grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012 China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012 China
| | - Zhaoyang Liu
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021 China
| | - Peng Yuan
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021 China
| | - Zhaogang Yang
- grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012 China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021 China
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Musatova OE, Rubtsov YP. Effects of glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles on the functions of immune cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1060000. [PMID: 36960410 PMCID: PMC10028257 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1060000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive variant of glioma, the tumor of glial origin which accounts for 80% of brain tumors. Glioblastoma is characterized by astoundingly poor prognosis for patients; a combination of surgery, chemo- and radiotherapy used for clinical treatment of glioblastoma almost inevitably results in rapid relapse and development of more aggressive and therapy resistant tumor. Recently, it was demonstrated that extracellular vesicles produced by glioblastoma (GBM-EVs) during apoptotic cell death can bind to surrounding cells and change their phenotype to more aggressive. GBM-EVs participate also in establishment of immune suppressive microenvironment that protects glioblastoma from antigen-specific recognition and killing by T cells. In this review, we collected present data concerning characterization of GBM-EVs and study of their effects on different populations of the immune cells (T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells). We aimed at critical analysis of experimental evidence in order to conclude whether glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles are a major factor in immune evasion of this deadly tumor. We summarized data concerning potential use of GBM-EVs for non-invasive diagnostics of glioblastoma. Finally, the applicability of approaches aimed at blocking of GBM-EVs production or their fusion with target cells for treatment of glioblastoma was analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana E. Musatova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury P. Rubtsov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, RAS, Moscow, Russia
- N.N.Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Yury P. Rubtsov,
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Xu X, Liang Y, Gareev I, Liang Y, Liu R, Wang N, Yang G. LncRNA as potential biomarker and therapeutic target in glioma. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:841-851. [PMID: 36331751 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08056-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the most frequent type of malignant tumor in the central nervous system, accounting for about 80% of primary malignant brain tumors, usually with a poor prognosis. A number of studies have been conducted on the molecular abnormalities in glioma to further understand its pathogenesis, and it has been found that lncRNAs (long non-coding RNA) play a key role in angiogenesis, tumor growth, infiltration and metastasis of glioma. Since specific lncRNAs have an aberrant expression in brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid as well as peripheral circulation of glioma patients, they are considered to be potential biomarkers. This review focuses on the biological characteristics of lncRNA and its value as a biomarker for glioma diagnosis and prognosis. Moreover, in view of the role of lncRNAs in glioma proliferation and chemoradiotherapy resistance, we discussed the feasibility for lncRNAs as therapeutic targets. Finally, the persisting deficiencies and future prospects of using lncRNAs as clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets were concluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuzhou Third People's Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ilgiz Gareev
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia, 450008
| | - Yanchao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Youzheng Street 23, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
- Institute of Brain Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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