1
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Valverde A, Naqvi RA, Naqvi AR. Non-coding RNA LINC01010 regulates macrophage polarization and innate immune functions by modulating NFκB signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31225. [PMID: 38403999 PMCID: PMC11096022 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Innate immune response is regulated by tissue resident or infiltrating immune cells such as macrophages (Mφ) that play critical role in tissue development, homeostasis, and repair of damaged tissue. However, the epigenetic mechanisms that regulate Mφ plasticity and innate immune functions are not well understood. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are among the most abundant class of transcriptome but their function in myeloid cell biology is less explored. In this study, we deciphered the regulatory role of previously uncharacterized lncRNAs in Mφ polarization and innate immune responses. Two lncRNAs showed notable changes in their levels during M1 and M2 Mφ differentiation. Our findings indicate that LINC01010 expression increased and AC007032 expression decreased significantly. LINC01010 exhibit myeloid cell-specificity, while AC007032.1 is ubiquitous and expressed in both myeloid and lymphoid (T cells, B cells and NK cells) cells. Expression of these lncRNAs is dysregulated in periodontal disease (PD), a microbial biofilm-induced immune disease, and responsive to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from different oral and non-oral bacteria. Knockdown of LINC01010 but not AC007032.1 reduced the surface expression of Mφ differentiation markers CD206 and CD68, and M1Mφ polarization markers MHCII and CD32. Furthermore, LINC01010 RNAi attenuated bacterial phagocytosis, antigen processing and cytokine secretion suggesting its key function in innate immunity. Mechanistically, LINC01010 knockdown Mφ treated with Escherichia coli LPS exhibit significantly reduced expression of multiple nuclear factor kappa B pathway genes. Together, our data highlight functional role of a PD-associated lncRNA LINC01010 in shaping macrophage differentiation, polarization, and innate immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Valverde
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Raza Ali Naqvi
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Afsar R. Naqvi
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States
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2
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Erber J, Herndler-Brandstetter D. Regulation of T cell differentiation and function by long noncoding RNAs in homeostasis and cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1181499. [PMID: 37346034 PMCID: PMC10281531 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1181499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) increase in genomes of complex organisms and represent the largest group of RNA genes transcribed in mammalian cells. Previously considered only transcriptional noise, lncRNAs comprise a heterogeneous class of transcripts that are emerging as critical regulators of T cell-mediated immunity. Here we summarize the lncRNA expression landscape of different T cell subsets and highlight recent advances in the role of lncRNAs in regulating T cell differentiation, function and exhaustion during homeostasis and cancer. We discuss the different molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs and highlight lncRNAs that can serve as novel targets to modulate T cell function or to improve the response to cancer immunotherapies by modulating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
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3
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Maulik A, Bandopadhyay D, Singh M. A cytosine-patch sequence motif identified in the conserved region of lincRNA-p21 interacts with the KH3 domain of hnRNPK. Curr Res Struct Biol 2023; 5:100099. [PMID: 36941955 PMCID: PMC10023864 DOI: 10.1016/j.crstbi.2023.100099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Long Intergenic Non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) are the largest class of long non-coding RNAs in eukaryotes, originating from the genome's intergenic regions. A ∼4 kb long lincRNA-p21 is derived from a transcription unit next to the p21/Cdkn1a gene locus. LincRNA-p21 plays regulatory roles in p53-dependent transcriptional and translational repression through its physical association with proteins such as hnRNPK and HuR. It is also involved in the aberrant gene expression in different cancers. In this study, we have carried out a bioinformatics-based gene analysis and annotation of lincRNA-p21 to show that it is highly conserved in primates and identified two conserved domains in its sequence at the 5' and 3' terminal regions. hnRNPK has previously been shown to interact specifically with the 5' conserved region of lincRNA-p21. hnRNPK is known to bind preferentially to the pyrimidine-rich (poly C) nucleotide sequences in RNAs. Interestingly, we observed a single occurrence of a cytosine-rich patch (C-patch) consisting of a CUCCCGC sequence in the 5' conserved region of human lincRNA-p21, making it a putative hnRNPK binding motif. Using NMR and ITC experiments, we showed that the single-stranded C-patch containing RNA sequence motif interacts specifically with the KH3 domain of hnRNPK.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahavir Singh
- Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, 560012, India
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4
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Kumar D, Sahoo SS, Chauss D, Kazemian M, Afzali B. Non-coding RNAs in immunoregulation and autoimmunity: Technological advances and critical limitations. J Autoimmun 2023; 134:102982. [PMID: 36592512 PMCID: PMC9908861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Immune cell function is critically dependent on precise control over transcriptional output from the genome. In this respect, integration of environmental signals that regulate gene expression, specifically by transcription factors, enhancer DNA elements, genome topography and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), are key components. The first three have been extensively investigated. Even though non-coding RNAs represent the vast majority of cellular RNA species, this class of RNA remains historically understudied. This is partly because of a lag in technological and bioinformatic innovations specifically capable of identifying and accurately measuring their expression. Nevertheless, recent progress in this domain has enabled a profusion of publications identifying novel sub-types of ncRNAs and studies directly addressing the function of ncRNAs in human health and disease. Many ncRNAs, including circular and enhancer RNAs, have now been demonstrated to play key functions in the regulation of immune cells and to show associations with immune-mediated diseases. Some ncRNAs may function as biomarkers of disease, aiding in diagnostics and in estimating response to treatment, while others may play a direct role in the pathogenesis of disease. Importantly, some are relatively stable and are amenable to therapeutic targeting, for example through gene therapy. Here, we provide an overview of ncRNAs and review technological advances that enable their study and hold substantial promise for the future. We provide context-specific examples by examining the associations of ncRNAs with four prototypical human autoimmune diseases, specifically rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease and multiple sclerosis. We anticipate that the utility and mechanistic roles of these ncRNAs in autoimmunity will be further elucidated in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhaneshwar Kumar
- Immunoregulation Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Subhransu Sekhar Sahoo
- Departments of Biochemistry and Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Daniel Chauss
- Immunoregulation Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Majid Kazemian
- Departments of Biochemistry and Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Behdad Afzali
- Immunoregulation Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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5
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Evolving understandings for the roles of non-coding RNAs in autoimmunity and autoimmune disease. J Autoimmun 2022:102948. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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6
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Single-cell RNA sequencing uncovers the nuclear decoy lincRNA PIRAT as a regulator of systemic monocyte immunity during COVID-19. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2120680119. [PMID: 35998224 PMCID: PMC9457492 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2120680119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2–infected patients often display characteristic changes in the production of immune mediators that trigger life-threatening courses of COVID-19. The underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to investigate the involvement of the emerging class of long regulatory RNA in COVID-19. Our data reveal that a previously unknown regulatory RNA in the nucleus of immune cells is altered after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The degradation of this RNA removes a natural brake on the production of critical immune mediators that can promote the development of severe COVID-19. We believe that therapeutic intervention in this nuclear RNA circuit could counteract the overproduction of disease-causing immune mediators and protect against severe COVID-19. The systemic immune response to viral infection is shaped by master transcription factors, such as NF-κB, STAT1, or PU.1. Although long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been suggested as important regulators of transcription factor activity, their contributions to the systemic immunopathologies observed during SARS-CoV-2 infection have remained unknown. Here, we employed a targeted single-cell RNA sequencing approach to reveal lncRNAs differentially expressed in blood leukocytes during severe COVID-19. Our results uncover the lncRNA PIRAT (PU.1-induced regulator of alarmin transcription) as a major PU.1 feedback-regulator in monocytes, governing the production of the alarmins S100A8/A9, key drivers of COVID-19 pathogenesis. Knockout and transgene expression, combined with chromatin-occupancy profiling, characterized PIRAT as a nuclear decoy RNA, keeping PU.1 from binding to alarmin promoters and promoting its binding to pseudogenes in naïve monocytes. NF-κB–dependent PIRAT down-regulation during COVID-19 consequently releases a transcriptional brake, fueling alarmin production. Alarmin expression is additionally enhanced by the up-regulation of the lncRNA LUCAT1, which promotes NF-κB–dependent gene expression at the expense of targets of the JAK-STAT pathway. Our results suggest a major role of nuclear noncoding RNA networks in systemic antiviral responses to SARS-CoV-2 in humans.
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Yao J, Ma R, Wang C, Zhao G. LncRNA-HOTAIR Inhibits H9c2 Apoptosis After Acute Myocardial Infarction via miR-206/FN1 Axis. Biochem Genet 2022; 60:1781-1792. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10185-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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8
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Gnodi E, Meneveri R, Barisani D. Celiac disease: From genetics to epigenetics. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:449-463. [PMID: 35125829 PMCID: PMC8790554 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i4.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CeD) is a multifactorial autoimmune disorder spread worldwide. The exposure to gluten, a protein found in cereals like wheat, barley and rye, is the main environmental factor involved in its pathogenesis. Even if the genetic predisposition represented by HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 haplotypes is widely recognised as mandatory for CeD development, it is not enough to explain the total predisposition for the disease. Furthermore, the onset of CeD comprehend a wide spectrum of symptoms, that often leads to a delay in CeD diagnosis. To overcome this deficiency and help detecting people with increased risk for CeD, also clarifying CeD traits linked to disease familiarity, different studies have tried to make light on other predisposing elements. These were in many cases genetic variants shared with other autoimmune diseases. Since inherited traits can be regulated by epigenetic modifications, also induced by environmental factors, the most recent studies focused on the potential involvement of epigenetics in CeD. Epigenetic factors can in fact modulate gene expression with many mechanisms, generating more or less stable changes in gene expression without affecting the DNA sequence. Here we analyze the different epigenetic modifications in CeD, in particular DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs and RNA methylation. Special attention is dedicated to the additional predispositions to CeD, the involvement of epigenetics in developing CeD complications, the pathogenic pathways modulated by epigenetic factors such as microRNAs and the potential use of epigenetic profiling as biomarker to discriminate different classes of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Gnodi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Raffaella Meneveri
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Donatella Barisani
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
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9
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Functional Implications of Intergenic GWAS SNPs in Immune-Related LncRNAs. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1363:147-160. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-92034-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Hao H, Nakayamada S, Ohkubo N, Yamagata K, Zhang M, Shan Y, Iwata S, Zhang T, Tanaka Y. Involvement of lncRNA IL21-AS1 in interleukin-2 and T follicular regulatory cell activation in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther 2021; 23:302. [PMID: 34895341 PMCID: PMC8665514 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-021-02682-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs62324212, located in IL21 antisense RNA 1 (IL21-AS1), has been identified as a genetic risk variant associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We aimed to probe the characteristics of IL21-AS1 and explore its clinical relevance focusing on T helper subsets and disease activity in patients with SLE. METHODS rs62324212 genotyping was determined using allelic discrimination by quantitative PCR. Gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and cell surface markers in CD4+ T cells were analyzed using PCR and flow cytometry. The association among IL21-AS1, CD4+ T cell subsets, and SLE disease activity was accessed. RESULTS Ensembl Genome Browser analysis revealed that rs62324212 (C>A) was located in the predicting enhancer region of IL21-AS1. IL21-AS1 was expressed in the nucleus of CD4+ T and B cells, but its expression was decreased in patients with SLE. IL21-AS1 expression was positively correlated with mRNA levels of IL-2 but not IL-21, and it was associated with the proportion of activated T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cells. Furthermore, we observed a significant negative correlation between IL21-AS1 expression and disease activity in patients with SLE (n = 53, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION IL21-AS1 has an effect on disease activity through an involvement of IL-2-mediated activation of Tfr cells in SLE. Thus, targeting the IL21-AS1 may provide therapeutic approaches for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Hao
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shingo Nakayamada
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Naoaki Ohkubo
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kaoru Yamagata
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Mingzeng Zhang
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.,Department of Hematology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Shan
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Shigeru Iwata
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Tong Zhang
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshiya Tanaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
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11
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Sun Q, Wang J, Wang G, Wang H, Liu H. Integrated analysis of lncRNA and mRNA in liver of Megalobrama amblycephala post Aeromonas hydrophila infection. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:653. [PMID: 34511071 PMCID: PMC8435129 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07969-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As non-coding RNA molecules of more than 200 bp in length, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a variety of roles in biological processes, including regulating the immune responses to bacterial infections. In recent years, there have been many in-depth studies on mammalian lncRNAs, but the relevant studies in fish are very limited. Meanwhile, since lncRNAs are not conserved among species, it is difficult to apply the existing results directly to unstudied species. Results To obtain the information of lncRNAs in Megalobrama amblycephala, one of the most economically important freshwater fish in China, also to better understand the biological significance of lncRNAs in the immunity system, the fish liver at 0, 4, 12, 24, and 72 h post Aeromonas hydrophila infection (hpi) were obtained for lncRNA-sequencing (lncRNA-seq). A total of 14,849 lncRNAs were identified, and 2196 lncRNAs showed significant differences at different time points post A. hydrophila infection. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses showed that the target genes of the differentially expressed lncRNAs were enriched in several pathways related to immune such as apoptosis, inflammation, and immune response. Time-specific modules were then identified, using weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), and 28 modules significantly correlated with different time point after infection were found. Furthermore, four immune-related genes and six lncRNAs in the time-specific modules were subsequently verified by RT-qPCR. Conclusions The above findings reveal the discovery of widespread differentially expressed lncRNAs in the M. amblycephala liver post A. hydrophila infection, suggesting that lncRNAs might participate in the regulation of host response to bacterial infection, enriching the information of lncRNAs in teleost and providing a resources basis for further studies on the immune function of lncRNAs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07969-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Sun
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair / Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jixiu Wang
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair / Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Guowen Wang
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair / Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Huanling Wang
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair / Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hong Liu
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair / Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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12
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Baglaenko Y, Macfarlane D, Marson A, Nigrovic PA, Raychaudhuri S. Genome editing to define the function of risk loci and variants in rheumatic disease. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2021; 17:462-474. [PMID: 34188205 PMCID: PMC10782829 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-021-00637-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Discoveries in human genetic studies have revolutionized our understanding of complex rheumatic and autoimmune diseases, including the identification of hundreds of genetic loci and single nucleotide polymorphisms that potentially predispose individuals to disease. However, in most cases, the exact disease-causing variants and their mechanisms of action remain unresolved. Functional follow-up of these findings is most challenging for genomic variants that are in non-coding genomic regions, where the large majority of common disease-associated variants are located, and/or that probably affect disease progression via cell type-specific gene regulation. To deliver on the therapeutic promise of human genetic studies, defining the mechanisms of action of these alleles is essential. Genome editing technology, such as CRISPR-Cas, has created a vast toolbox for targeted genetic and epigenetic modifications that presents unprecedented opportunities to decipher disease-causing loci, genes and variants in autoimmunity. In this Review, we discuss the past 5-10 years of progress in resolving the mechanisms underlying rheumatic disease-associated alleles, with an emphasis on how genomic editing techniques can enable targeted dissection and mechanistic studies of causal autoimmune risk variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Baglaenko
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dana Macfarlane
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alexander Marson
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Rosalind Russell/Ephraim P. Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peter A Nigrovic
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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13
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Chang L, Li J, Ding J, Lian Y, Huangfu C, Wang K. Roles of long noncoding RNAs on tumor immune escape by regulating immune cells differentiation and function. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:2369-2385. [PMID: 34249405 PMCID: PMC8263655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) transcript is generally more than 200 nucleotides in length and rarely codes for any protein. Currently, many lncRNAs have been identified among mammalian genomes, and their known functions are associated with various physiological activities or pathological processes. Some lncRNAs are dysregulated in a variety of malignant tumors, while increasing evidence indicates that abnormal expression can contribute to the regulation of immune cells in tumors and to shaping the immune response. More specifically, lncRNAs participate in regulating the differentiation of immune cells, also known as myeloid and lymphoid cells, as well as recruiting various immunosuppressive factors to influence the tumor microenvironment, thereby promoting tumor cell immune escape. However, we still know very little about the specific mechanism of lncRNAs in immune escape of cancer. Nonetheless, although unprecedented achievements have allowed the development of a new generation of anti-tumor immune therapies to be applied in clinical trials, the drug resistance caused by immune escape has become a major clinical challenge. The focus of this review is to describe the relationship among lncRNAs, immune cells, and tumor immune escape, in order to identify novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Chang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifan Lian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen UniversityXiamen, Fujian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaonan Huangfu
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Keming Wang
- Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Zeni PF, Mraz M. LncRNAs in adaptive immunity: role in physiological and pathological conditions. RNA Biol 2021; 18:619-632. [PMID: 33094664 PMCID: PMC8078528 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2020.1838783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The adaptive immune system is responsible for generating immunological response and immunological memory. Regulation of adaptive immunity including B cell and T cell biology was mainly understood from the protein and microRNA perspective. However, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an emerging class of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that influence key factors in lymphocyte biology such as NOTCH, PAX5, MYC and EZH2. LncRNAs were described to modulate lymphocyte activation by regulating pathways such as NFAT, NFκB, MYC, interferon and TCR/BCR signalling (NRON, NKILA, BCALM, GAS5, PVT1), and cell effector functions (IFNG-AS1, TH2-LCR). Here we review lncRNA involvement in adaptive immunity and the implications for autoimmune diseases (multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis) and T/B cell leukaemias and lymphomas (CLL, MCL, DLBCL, T-ALL). It is becoming clear that lncRNAs are important in adaptive immune response and provide new insights into its orchestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Faria Zeni
- Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Mraz
- Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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15
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Zhang Y, Li B, Bai Q, Wang P, Wei G, Li Z, Hu L, Tian Q, Zhou J, Huang Q, Wang Z, Yue S, Wu J, Yang L, Zhou X, Jiang L, Ni T, Ye L, Wu Y. The lncRNA Snhg1-Vps13D vesicle trafficking system promotes memory CD8 T cell establishment via regulating the dual effects of IL-7 signaling. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:126. [PMID: 33758164 PMCID: PMC7987995 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00492-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficient induction and long-term persistence of pathogen-specific memory CD8 T cells are pivotal to rapidly curb the reinfection. Recent studies indicated that long-noncoding RNAs expression is highly cell- and stage-specific during T cell development and differentiation, suggesting their potential roles in T cell programs. However, the key lncRNAs playing crucial roles in memory CD8 T cell establishment remain to be clarified. Through CD8 T cell subsets profiling of lncRNAs, this study found a key lncRNA-Snhg1 with the conserved naivehi-effectorlo-memoryhi expression pattern in CD8 T cells of both mice and human, that can promote memory formation while impeding effector CD8 in acute viral infection. Further, Snhg1 was found interacting with the conserved vesicle trafficking protein Vps13D to promote IL-7Rα membrane location specifically. With the deep mechanism probing, the results show Snhg1-Vps13D regulated IL-7 signaling with its dual effects in memory CD8 generation, which not just because of the sustaining role of STAT5-BCL-2 axis for memory survival, but more through the STAT3-TCF1-Blimp1 axis for transcriptional launch program of memory differentiation. Moreover, we performed further study with finding a similar high-low-high expression pattern of human SNHG1/VPS13D/IL7R/TCF7 in CD8 T cell subsets from PBMC samples of the convalescent COVID-19 patients. The central role of Snhg1-Vps13D-IL-7R-TCF1 axis in memory CD8 establishment makes it a potential target for improving the vaccination effects to control the ongoing pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China. .,Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 401121, China.
| | - Baohua Li
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qiang Bai
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.,Laboratory of Immunophysiology, GIGA Institute, Liège University, Liège, 4000, Belgium.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Liège University, Liège, 4000, Belgium
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Gang Wei
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Zhirong Li
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Li Hu
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qin Tian
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Qizhao Huang
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Shuai Yue
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Jialin Wu
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, TX, USA
| | - Xinyuan Zhou
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Lubin Jiang
- Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ting Ni
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Lilin Ye
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology PLA, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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16
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Zhang Y, Li B, Bai Q, Wang P, Wei G, Li Z, Hu L, Tian Q, Zhou J, Huang Q, Wang Z, Yue S, Wu J, Yang L, Zhou X, Jiang L, Ni T, Ye L, Wu Y. The lncRNA Snhg1-Vps13D vesicle trafficking system promotes memory CD8 T cell establishment via regulating the dual effects of IL-7 signaling. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-021-00492-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe efficient induction and long-term persistence of pathogen-specific memory CD8 T cells are pivotal to rapidly curb the reinfection. Recent studies indicated that long-noncoding RNAs expression is highly cell- and stage-specific during T cell development and differentiation, suggesting their potential roles in T cell programs. However, the key lncRNAs playing crucial roles in memory CD8 T cell establishment remain to be clarified. Through CD8 T cell subsets profiling of lncRNAs, this study found a key lncRNA-Snhg1 with the conserved naivehi-effectorlo-memoryhi expression pattern in CD8 T cells of both mice and human, that can promote memory formation while impeding effector CD8 in acute viral infection. Further, Snhg1 was found interacting with the conserved vesicle trafficking protein Vps13D to promote IL-7Rα membrane location specifically. With the deep mechanism probing, the results show Snhg1-Vps13D regulated IL-7 signaling with its dual effects in memory CD8 generation, which not just because of the sustaining role of STAT5-BCL-2 axis for memory survival, but more through the STAT3-TCF1-Blimp1 axis for transcriptional launch program of memory differentiation. Moreover, we performed further study with finding a similar high-low-high expression pattern of human SNHG1/VPS13D/IL7R/TCF7 in CD8 T cell subsets from PBMC samples of the convalescent COVID-19 patients. The central role of Snhg1-Vps13D-IL-7R-TCF1 axis in memory CD8 establishment makes it a potential target for improving the vaccination effects to control the ongoing pandemic.
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17
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Rong R, Wang M, You M, Li H, Xia X, Ji D. Pathogenesis and prospects for therapeutic clinical application of noncoding RNAs in glaucoma: Systematic perspectives. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7097-7116. [PMID: 33634475 PMCID: PMC8451868 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Noncoding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) are an increasingly studied class of RNA molecules with extensive biological activities, including important roles in human development, health, and disease. Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease of the retina, and one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. However, the specific roles of ncRNAs in the development and progression of glaucoma are unclear, and related reports are fragmented. An in‐depth understanding of ncRNAs participating in the pathogenesis and progression of glaucoma would be helpful for opening up new avenues to facilitate the early diagnosis and clinical treatment. Therefore, in this review, we aimed to discuss the current research progress, the potentialfuture clinical applications and the research limitations of three critical classes of ncRNAs in glaucoma, namely microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and circular RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Rong
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengxiao Wang
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengling You
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Ji
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
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18
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Li X, Liu L, Song X, Wang K, Niu L, Xie L, Song X. TEP linc-GTF2H2-1, RP3-466P17.2, and lnc-ST8SIA4-12 as novel biomarkers for lung cancer diagnosis and progression prediction. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:1609-1622. [PMID: 33792796 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03502-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Platelets contain a rich repertoire of RNA species, such as mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs. During the development of tumors, platelets are "educated" by cancer cells, altering their transcriptome and molecular content, thereby, tumor educated platelet (TEP) lncRNA profile has the potential to diagnose lung cancer. The current study was aimed to examine whether TEPs might be a potential biomarker for lung cancer. METHODS Platelet precipitation was obtained by low-speed centrifugation. TEP linc-GTF2H2-1, RP3-466P17.2, and lnc-ST8SIA4-12 were selected by lncRNA microarray and validated by qPCR in a large cohort of lung cancer patients and healthy donors. Besides, we analyzed the association of their expression levels with clinicopathological features. RESULTS TEP linc-GTF2H2-1 and RP3-466P17.2 were significantly downregulated, while lnc-ST8SIA4-12 was significantly upregulated in patients with lung cancer or with early-stage lung cancer as compared to healthy donors, possessing AUCs of 0.781, 0.788, 0.725 for lung cancer and 0.704, 0.771, 0.768 for early-stage lung cancer, respectively. Notably, their combination demonstrated the markedly elevated AUCs of 0.921 for lung cancer and 0.895 for early-stage lung cancer. Besides, the combination of TEP linc-GTF2H2-1 was capable to facilitate diagnostic efficiencies of CEA, Cyfra21-1, or NSE to distinguish advanced-stage lung cancer patients from early ones, with an AUC of 0.899 based on the integration of these four factors. CONCLUSION Our data suggested that lncRNAs sequestered in TEPs enabled blood-based lung cancer diagnosis and progression prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Ji-Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lele Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Ji-Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingguo Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Ji-Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangyu Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Ji-Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Niu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Ji-Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Ji-Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianrang Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Ji-Yan Road, Jinan, 250117, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China. .,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Salviano-Silva A, Farias TDJ, Bumiller-Bini V, Castro MDS, Lobo-Alves SC, Busch H, Pföhler C, Worm M, Goebeler M, van Beek N, Franke A, Wittig M, Zillikens D, de Almeida RC, Hundt JE, Boldt ABW, Ibrahim S, Augusto DG, Petzl-Erler ML, Schmidt E, Malheiros D. Genetic variability of immune-related lncRNAs: polymorphisms in LINC-PINT and LY86-AS1 are associated with pemphigus foliaceus susceptibility. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:831-840. [PMID: 33394553 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is an autoimmune blistering disease of the skin, clinically characterized by erosions and, histopathologically, by acantholysis. PF is endemic in the Brazilian Central-Western region. Numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been shown to affect the susceptibility for PF, including SNPs at long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes, which are known to participate in many physiological and pathogenic processes, such as autoimmunity. Here, we investigated whether the genetic variation of immune-related lncRNA genes affects the risk for endemic and sporadic forms of PF. We analysed 692 novel SNPs for PF from 135 immune-related lncRNA genes in 227 endemic PF patients and 194 controls. The SNPs were genotyped by Illumina microarray and analysed by applying logistic regression at additive model, with correction for sex and population structure. Six associated SNPs were also evaluated in an independent German cohort of 76 sporadic PF patients and 150 controls. Further, we measured the expression levels of two associated lncRNA genes (LINC-PINT and LY86-AS1) by quantitative PCR, stratified by genotypes, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy subjects. We found 27 SNPs in 11 lncRNA genes associated with endemic PF (p < .05 without overlapping with protein-coding genes). Among them, the LINC-PINT SNP rs10228040*A (OR = 1.47, p = .012) was also associated with increased susceptibility for sporadic PF (OR = 2.28, p = .002). Moreover, the A+ carriers of LY86-AS1*rs12192707 mark lowest LY86-AS1 RNA levels, which might be associated with a decreasing autoimmune response. Our results suggest a critical role of lncRNA variants in immunopathogenesis of both PF endemic and sporadic forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Salviano-Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Valéria Bumiller-Bini
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Mariana de Sousa Castro
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Sara Cristina Lobo-Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Hauke Busch
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Claudia Pföhler
- Department of Dermatology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Margitta Worm
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Goebeler
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nina van Beek
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Wittig
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Detlef Zillikens
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Saleh Ibrahim
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Danillo Gardenal Augusto
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Petzl-Erler
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Enno Schmidt
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Danielle Malheiros
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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20
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Luo M, Huang P, Pan Y, Zhu Z, Zhou R, Yang Z, Wang C. Weighted gene coexpression network and experimental analyses identify lncRNA SPRR2C as a regulator of the IL-22-stimulated HaCaT cell phenotype through the miR-330/STAT1/S100A7 axis. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:86. [PMID: 33452236 PMCID: PMC7810847 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03305-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin with highly complex pathogenesis. In this study, we identified lncRNA SPRR2C (small proline-rich protein 2C) as a hub gene with a critical effect on the pathogenesis of psoriasis and response to treatment using both weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential expression analysis. SPRR2C expression was significantly upregulated in both psoriatic lesion samples and HaCaT cell lines in response to IL-22 treatment. After SPRR2C knockdown, IL-22-induced suppression of HaCaT proliferation, changes in the KRT5/14/1/10 protein levels, and suppression of the IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α mRNA levels were dramatically reversed. In the coexpression network with SPRR2C based on GSE114286, miR-330 was significantly negatively correlated with SPRR2C, while STAT1 and S100A7 were positively correlated with SPRR2C. By binding to miR-330, SPRR2C competed with STAT1 and S100A7 to counteract miR-330-mediated suppression of STAT1 and S100A7. MiR-330 overexpression also reversed the IL-22-induced changes in HaCaT cell lines; in response to IL-22 treatment, miR-330 inhibition significantly attenuated the effects of SPRR2C knockdown. STAT1 and S100A7 expression was significantly upregulated in psoriatic lesion samples. The expression of miR-330 had a negative correlation with the expression of SPRR2C, while the expression of SPRR2C had a positive correlation with the expression of STAT1 and S100A7. Thus, SPRR2C modulates the IL-22-stimulated HaCaT cell phenotype through the miR-330/STAT1/S100A7 axis. WGCNA might uncover additional biological pathways that are crucial in the pathogenesis and response to the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijunzi Luo
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, The Domestic First-class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Pan Huang
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, The Domestic First-class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Yi Pan
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, The Domestic First-class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Zhu Zhu
- The Second Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, The Domestic First-class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Zhibo Yang
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, The Domestic First-class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, The Domestic First-class Discipline Construction Project of Chinese Medicine of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, China.
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21
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Involvement of lncRNAs in celiac disease pathogenesis. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020. [PMID: 33707056 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disease that develops in genetically susceptible individuals upon gluten exposure. Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) genes in the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) have been described to represent the 40% of the genetic risk to develop CD. Aiming to gain understanding of the genetic involvement in CD, high throughput studies have been performed, revealing that many CD-associated variants are located in non-coding regions, hindering the study of the functional implications of these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In the last decade, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been described to be influenced by disease-associated SNPs and to drive many important mechanisms involved in the development of inflammatory diseases. Here we describe the lncRNAs identified and characterized in the context of celiac disease and highlight the importance of the study of these molecules in inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.
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22
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García-Santisteban I, Romero-Garmendia I, Cilleros-Portet A, Bilbao JR, Fernandez-Jimenez N. Celiac disease susceptibility: The genome and beyond. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 358:1-45. [PMID: 33707051 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Celiac Disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated complex disease that is triggered by the ingestion of gluten and develops in genetically susceptible individuals. It has been known for a long time that the Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) molecules DQ2 and DQ8 are necessary, although not sufficient, for the disease development, and therefore other susceptibility genes and (epi)genetic events must participate in CeD pathogenesis. The advances in Genomics during the last 15 years have made CeD one of the immune-related disorders with the best-characterized genetic component. In the present work, we will first review the main Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) carried out in the disorder, and emphasize post-GWAS discoveries, including diverse integrative strategies, SNP prioritization approaches, and insights into the Microbiome through the host Genomics. Second, we will explore CeD-related Epigenetics and Epigenomics, mostly focusing on the emerging knowledge of the celiac methylome, and the vast but yet under-explored non-coding RNA (ncRNA) landscape. We conclude that much has been done in the field although there are still completely unvisited areas in the post-Genomics of CeD. Chromatin conformation and accessibility, and Epitranscriptomics are promising domains that need to be unveiled to complete the big picture of the celiac Genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iraia García-Santisteban
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Leioa, Spain
| | - Irati Romero-Garmendia
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Leioa, Spain
| | - Ariadna Cilleros-Portet
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Leioa, Spain
| | - Jose Ramon Bilbao
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Leioa, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and associated Metabolic Disorders, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nora Fernandez-Jimenez
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Leioa, Spain.
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23
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Rahmani S, Noorolyai S, Ayromlou H, Khaze Shahgoli V, Shanehbandi D, Baghbani E, Abdoli Shadbad M, Jigari-Asl F, Khamiriyan M, Safaralizadeh R, Baradaran B. The expression analyses of RMRP, DDX5, and RORC in RRMS patients treated with different drugs versus naïve patients and healthy controls. Gene 2020; 769:145236. [PMID: 33068674 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Although T helper 17 (Th17) lymphocytes protect mucosal barriers against infections, they have been implicated in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). RORC and DDX5 can regulate Th17 differentiation and the development of MS. Since RMRP, as a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), can mediate the RORC-DDX5 complex, this lncRNA can be involved in developing MS. This study investigated the expression levels of RORC, DDX5, and RMRP in treatment-naïve relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients, healthy controls, and RRMS patients treated with IFNβ-1α or fingolimod, or dimethyl fumarate (DMF), or glatiramer acetate (GA). There was substantial up-regulation in the expression of RORC, DDX5, and RMRP in treatment-naïve RRMS patients compared to healthy controls. Among the comparisons of their expressions in the different groups of treated patients with treatment-naïve patients, only the down-regulation of the RMRP expression level was significant in IFNβ-1α-treated patients. Also, these changes were more pronounced in female patient groups. Our analyses have highlighted the high diagnostic value of RORC, DDX5, and RMRP in treatment-naïve RRMS patients. Furthermore, RMRP has demonstrated moderate positive correlations with the expression of DDX5 and RORC in treated RRMS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Rahmani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Noorolyai
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hormoz Ayromlou
- Neuroscience Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Baghbani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Farinaz Jigari-Asl
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Khamiriyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Safaralizadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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LncRNA Neat1 positively regulates MAPK signaling and is involved in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106992. [PMID: 33182021 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the exocrine glands. Recent, studies have shown that the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) NEAT1 plays a crucial role in regulating the immune response. However, studies on the lncRNA NEAT1 in pSS are limited. Exploring the role of the lncRNA NEAT1 in the pathogenesis of pSS was the purpose of this study. METHODS The expression of NEAT1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with pSS and healthy controls (HCs) was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and siRNA or immune stimulation with PMA/ionomycin were used to perform loss-and-gain-of-function experiments. RT-PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and Western blot were performed to detect the RNA and protein levels of specific genes induced by PMA/ionomycin stimulation. Microarray analysis was used to generate an overview of the genes that might be regulated by NEAT1. RESULTS Compared with that in HC patient cells, the expression of NEAT1 in pSS patients was mainly increased in peripheral T cells, including CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Additionally, the expression of NEAT1 in CD4+ T cells of patients with pSS was positively correlated with the course of disease. NEAT1 expression in Jurkat cells was induced by PMA/ionomycin stimulation upon activation of the TCR-p38 pathway. Upregulation of NEAT1 expression also increased the expression of CXCL8 and TNF-α. Knocking down NEAT1 expression with an ASO suppressed the expression of CXCL8 and TNF-α in PMA/ionomycin-stimulated Jurkat cells. Then, we found that NEAT1 regulated the activation of MAPK pathway to regulate NEAT1-induced factors, selectively activating the expression of p-p38 and p-ERK1/2. Furthermore, we also detected the expression profile of Jurkat cells stimulated by PMA/ionomycin when NEAT1 was silenced or not, in order to produce an overview of NEAT1-regulated genes. CONCLUSION These results provide a new understanding of the mechanisms of pSS and reveal that NEAT1 is a positive regulator of pSS, which is of substantial significance to its pathogenesis. Thus, NEAT1 provides a potential therapeutic target for pSS.
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25
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Brown CY, Sadlon T, Hope CM, Wong YY, Wong S, Liu N, Withers H, Brown K, Bandara V, Gundsambuu B, Pederson S, Breen J, Robertson SA, Forrest A, Beyer M, Barry SC. Molecular Insights Into Regulatory T-Cell Adaptation to Self, Environment, and Host Tissues: Plasticity or Loss of Function in Autoimmune Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1269. [PMID: 33072063 PMCID: PMC7533603 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been much interest in the ability of regulatory T cells (Treg) to switch function in vivo, either as a result of genetic risk of disease or in response to environmental and metabolic cues. The relationship between levels of FOXP3 and functional fitness plays a significant part in this plasticity. There is an emerging role for Treg in tissue repair that may be less dependent on FOXP3, and the molecular mechanisms underpinning this are not fully understood. As a result of detailed, high-resolution functional genomics, the gene regulatory networks and key functional mediators of Treg phenotype downstream of FOXP3 have been mapped, enabling a mechanistic insight into Treg function. This transcription factor-driven programming of T-cell function to generate Treg requires the switching on and off of key genes that form part of the Treg gene regulatory network and raises the possibility that this is reversible. It is plausible that subtle shifts in expression levels of specific genes, including transcription factors and non-coding RNAs, change the regulation of the Treg gene network. The subtle skewing of gene expression initiates changes in function, with the potential to promote chronic disease and/or to license appropriate inflammatory responses. In the case of autoimmunity, there is an underlying genetic risk, and the interplay of genetic and environmental cues is complex and impacts gene regulation networks frequently involving promoters and enhancers, the regulatory elements that control gene expression levels and responsiveness. These promoter–enhancer interactions can operate over long distances and are highly cell type specific. In autoimmunity, the genetic risk can result in changes in these enhancer/promoter interactions, and this mainly impacts genes which are expressed in T cells and hence impacts Treg/conventional T-cell (Tconv) function. Genetic risk may cause the subtle alterations to the responsiveness of gene regulatory networks which are controlled by or control FOXP3 and its target genes, and the application of assays of the 3D organization of chromatin, enabling the connection of non-coding regulatory regions to the genes they control, is revealing the direct impact of environmental/metabolic/genetic risk on T-cell function and is providing mechanistic insight into susceptibility to inflammatory and autoimmune conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Y Brown
- Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Timothy Sadlon
- Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Women's and Children's Health Network, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Ying Y Wong
- Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Soon Wong
- Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ning Liu
- Bioinformatics Hub, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Holly Withers
- Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Katherine Brown
- Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Veronika Bandara
- Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Batjargal Gundsambuu
- Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Stephen Pederson
- Bioinformatics Hub, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - James Breen
- Bioinformatics Hub, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sarah Anne Robertson
- Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Alistair Forrest
- QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Marc Beyer
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Simon Charles Barry
- Molecular Immunology, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Women's and Children's Health Network, North Adelaide, SA, Australia
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26
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Wells AC, Pobezinskaya EL, Pobezinsky LA. Non-coding RNAs in CD8 T cell biology. Mol Immunol 2020; 120:67-73. [PMID: 32085976 PMCID: PMC7093237 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CD8 T cells are among the most vigorous soldiers of the immune system that fight viral infections and cancer. CD8 T cell development, maintenance, activation and differentiation are under the tight control of multiple transcriptional and post-transcriptional networks. Over the last two decades it has become clear that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which consist of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), have emerged as global biological regulators. While our understanding of the function of specific miRNAs has increased since the discovery of RNA interference, it is still very limited, and the field of lncRNAs is just starting to blossom. Here we will summarize our knowledge on the role of ncRNAs in CD8 T cell biology, including differentiation into memory and exhausted cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria C Wells
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, United States.
| | - Elena L Pobezinskaya
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States.
| | - Leonid A Pobezinsky
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States.
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27
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Sato K, Glaser S, Francis H, Alpini G. Concise Review: Functional Roles and Therapeutic Potentials of Long Non-coding RNAs in Cholangiopathies. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:48. [PMID: 32154257 PMCID: PMC7045865 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNAs with lengths exceeding 200 nucleotides that are not translated into proteins. It is well-known that small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), regulate gene expression and play an important role in cholangiopathies. Recent studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs may also play a key role in the pathophysiology of cholangiopathies. Patients with cholangiopathies often develop cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), which is cholangiocyte-derived cancer, in the later stage. Cholangiocytes are a primary target of therapies for cholangiopathies and CCA development. Previous studies have demonstrated that expression levels of lncRNAs are altered in the liver of cholangiopathies or CCA tissues. Some lncRNAs regulate gene expression by inhibiting functions of miRNAs leading to diseased liver conditions or CCA progression, suggesting that lncRNAs could be a novel therapeutic target for those disorders. This review summarizes current understandings of functional roles of lncRNAs in cholangiopathies and seek their potentials for novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisaku Sato
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Shannon Glaser
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University, College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States
| | - Heather Francis
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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Elevated Expression of the Long Noncoding RNA IFNG-AS1 in the Peripheral Blood from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:6401978. [PMID: 32377535 PMCID: PMC7193778 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6401978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been increasingly recognized as key immune molecules that participate in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated that the lncRNA Ifng-AS1, a key scaffold that contributes to the transcription of IFN-γ, depends on T-bet for active transcription in Th1 cells. However, the effect of its human ortholog, IFNG-AS1, on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unclear. In this study, we found that the transcript level of lncRNA IFNG-AS1 was increased in the peripheral blood of RA patients. IFNG, as a target gene of IFNG-AS1, was overexpressed and positively correlated with the transcript level of IFNG-AS1 in the RA patients. Our data also showed that the transcript level of T-bet was upregulated and positively correlated with IFNG-AS1 expression. T-bet regulated the transcription of IFNG-AS1 in human CD4+ T cells in vitro. Furthermore, strong positive correlations were observed between the increased transcript level of IFNG-AS1 and the serum level of rheumatoid factor, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the C-reactive protein in RA patients, and patients positive for anticyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies had increased levels of IFNG-AS1. Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis suggested that IFNG-AS1 might be a potential biomarker of RA. Taken together, our findings indicated that IFNG-AS1, guided by T-bet, is augmented in the peripheral blood of RA patients and may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of RA by regulating the expression of IFNG.
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29
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Wang J, Yan S, Yang J, Lu H, Xu D, Wang Z. Non-coding RNAs in Rheumatoid Arthritis: From Bench to Bedside. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3129. [PMID: 32047497 PMCID: PMC6997467 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a common systemic and autoimmune disease characterized by symmetrical and inflammatory destruction of distal joints. Its primary pathological characters are synovitis and vasculitis. Accumulating studies have implicated the critical role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in inflammation and autoimmune regulation, primarily including microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and circular RNA (circRNA). NcRNAs are significant regulators in distinct physiological and pathophysiological processes. Many validated non-coding RNAs have been identified as promising biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of RA. This review will shed some light on RA pathogenesis and be helpful for identifying potential ncRNA biomarkers for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Wang
- Clinical Medicine College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Shushan Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anal Diseases Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jinghan Yang
- Clinical Medicine College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hongying Lu
- Functional Laboratory, Clinical Medicine College of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Donghua Xu
- Clinical Medicine College, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zengyan Wang
- Department of Operating Room, Zhucheng People's Hospital, Zhucheng, China
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30
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Ahmad I, Valverde A, Ahmad F, Naqvi AR. Long Noncoding RNA in Myeloid and Lymphoid Cell Differentiation, Polarization and Function. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020269. [PMID: 31979061 PMCID: PMC7072530 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) are a class of endogenous, non-protein coding RNAs that are increasingly being associated with various cellular functions and diseases. Yet, despite their ubiquity and abundance, only a minute fraction of these molecules has an assigned function. LncRNAs show tissue-, cell-, and developmental stage-specific expression, and are differentially expressed under physiological or pathological conditions. The role of lncRNAs in the lineage commitment of immune cells and shaping immune responses is becoming evident. Myeloid cells and lymphoid cells are two major classes of immune systems that work in concert to initiate and amplify innate and adaptive immunity in vertebrates. In this review, we provide mechanistic roles of lncRNA through which these noncoding RNAs can directly participate in the differentiation, polarization, and activation of myeloid (monocyte, macrophage, and dendritic cells) and lymphoid cells (T cells, B cells, and NK cells). While our knowledge on the role of lncRNA in immune cell differentiation and function has improved in the past decade, further studies are required to unravel the biological role of lncRNAs and identify novel mechanisms of lncRNA functions in immune cells. Harnessing the regulatory potential of lncRNAs can provide novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets in treating immune cell related diseases.
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31
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Jauregi-Miguel A, Santin I, Garcia-Etxebarria K, Olazagoitia-Garmendia A, Romero-Garmendia I, Sebastian-delaCruz M, Irastorza I, Castellanos-Rubio A, Bilbao JR. MAGI2 Gene Region and Celiac Disease. Front Nutr 2019; 6:187. [PMID: 31921880 PMCID: PMC6930898 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2019.00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) patients present a loss of intestinal barrier function due to structural alterations in the tight junction (TJ) network, the most apical unions between epithelial cells. The association of TJ-related gene variants points to an implication of this network in disease susceptibility. This work aims to characterize the functional implication of TJ-related, disease-associated loci in CD pathogenesis. We performed an association study of 8 TJ-related gene variants in a cohort of 270 CD and 91 non-CD controls. The expression level of transcripts located in the associated SNP region was analyzed by RT-PCR in several human tissues and in duodenal biopsies of celiac patients and non-CD controls. (si)RNA-driven silencing combined with gliadin in the Caco2 intestinal cell line was used to analyze the implication of transcripts from the associated region in the regulation of TJ genes. We replicated the association of rs6962966*A variant [p = 0.0029; OR = 1.88 (95%1.24–2.87)], located in an intron of TJ-related MAGI2 coding gene and upstream of RP4-587D13.2 transcript, bioinformatically classified as a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). The expression of both genes is correlated and constitutively downregulated in CD intestine. Silencing of lncRNA decreases the levels of MAGI2 protein. At the same time, silencing of MAGI2 affects the expression of several TJ-related genes. The associated region is functionally altered in disease, probably affecting CD-related TJ genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaia Jauregi-Miguel
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country (Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea), Leioa, Spain
| | - Izortze Santin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country (Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea), Leioa, Spain.,CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Koldo Garcia-Etxebarria
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country (Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea), Leioa, Spain
| | - Ane Olazagoitia-Garmendia
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country (Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea), Leioa, Spain
| | - Irati Romero-Garmendia
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country (Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea), Leioa, Spain
| | - Maialen Sebastian-delaCruz
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country (Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea), Leioa, Spain
| | - Iñaki Irastorza
- Department of Pediatrics, Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea), Barakaldo, Spain
| | | | - Ainara Castellanos-Rubio
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country (Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea), Leioa, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jose Ramón Bilbao
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country (Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea), Leioa, Spain.,CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases, Madrid, Spain
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Qi J, Du L, Deng J, Qin Y, Su G, Hou S, Lv M, Zhang Q, Kijlstra A, Yang P. Replication of Genome-Wide Association Analysis Identifies New Susceptibility Loci at Long Noncoding RNA Regions for Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 60:4820-4829. [PMID: 31747682 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-27708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Qi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Du
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Guannan Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Shengping Hou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Lv
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Aize Kijlstra
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Peizeng Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, The People's Republic of China
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Fu J, Shi H, Wang B, Zhan T, Shao Y, Ye L, Wu S, Yu C, Zheng L. LncRNA PVT1 links Myc to glycolytic metabolism upon CD4 + T cell activation and Sjögren's syndrome-like autoimmune response. J Autoimmun 2019; 107:102358. [PMID: 31757716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The hyperproliferation and hyperactivation of CD4+ T cells in salivary gland tissue is a hallmark of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). However, the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathological process of SS and CD4+ T cell activation has not been fully elucidated. Here, we reported that lncRNA PVT1 was involved in the glycolytic metabolism reprogramming and proliferation upon CD4+ T cell activation. Expression of PVT1 was positively related with CD4+ T cell activation both in SS patients and Ex vivo antigen simulation. Depletion of PVT1 decreased the proliferation of murine CD4+ T cells and Jurkat T cells upon activation. We also showed that expression of the transcription factor Myc is regulated by PVT1 under antigen simulation. Depletion of PVT1 significantly decreased the expression of glycolytic genes, as well as several pivotal glycolytic proteins that were directly transcribed by Myc. Measurement of glucose content and lactate secretion indicated a defected lactate secretion and glucose uptake in PVT1-depleted T cells. Additionally, the real-time extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) measurement also affirmed that PVT1 maintains glycolytic levels, glycolytic capacity under stress and ECAR/OCR ratios during T cell activation. Polarizing assays indicate that PVT1 depletion defected the function of Th1 effector cells as well as down-regulated Myc expression and glycolytic levels. Furthermore, we observed increased glycolytic levels in CD4+ T cells from SS-like NOD/Ltj mice. Treatment with 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG), an inhibitor of glycolysis, significantly decreased the extent of lymphocyte infiltration and CD4+ T cell numbers and attenuated the defect of salivary flow in the lesioned submandibular glands of NOD/Ltj mice. Thus, our study demonstrated that lncRNA PVT1, which was upregulated in the CD4+T cells of SS patients, could maintain the expression of Myc, thus controlling the proliferation and effector functions of CD4+ T cells through regulating the reprogramming of glycolysis. Inhibition of glycolysis could attenuate the proliferation of CD4+ T cells and the SS-like autoimmune response. Our study provides a novel mechanistic function of lncRNA PVT1 in the pathogenesis of SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Fu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Shi
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Baoli Wang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianle Zhan
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxiong Shao
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Shufeng Wu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuangqi Yu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Lingyan Zheng
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
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Tang L, Liang Y, Xie H, Yang X, Zheng G. Long non-coding RNAs in cutaneous biology and proliferative skin diseases: Advances and perspectives. Cell Prolif 2019; 53:e12698. [PMID: 31588640 PMCID: PMC6985680 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in transcriptome sequencing have revealed that the genome fraction largely encodes for thousands of non‐coding RNAs. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are a class of non–protein‐coding RNAs longer than approximately 200 nucleotides in length, are emerging as key epigenetic regulators of gene expression recently. Intensive studies have characterized their crucial roles in cutaneous biology and diseases. In this review, we address the promotive or suppressive effects of lncRNAs on cutaneous physiological processes. Then, we focus on the pathogenic role of dysfunctional lncRNAs in a variety of proliferative skin diseases. These evidences suggest that lncRNAs have indispensable roles in the processes of skin biology. Additionally, lncRNAs might be promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cutaneous disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Tang
- Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongxin Liang
- School of Bioscience and Bio-pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hesong Xie
- School of Bioscience and Bio-pharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhi Yang
- Guangzhou Virotech Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangjuan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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35
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Guo S, Liu J, Jiang T, Lee D, Wang R, Zhou X, Jin Y, Shen Y, Wang Y, Bai F, Ding Q, Wang G, Zhang J, Zhou X, Schrodi SJ, He D. (5R)-5-Hydroxytriptolide (LLDT-8) induces substantial epigenetic mediated immune response network changes in fibroblast-like synoviocytes from rheumatoid arthritis patients. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11155. [PMID: 31371761 PMCID: PMC6671973 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47411-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripterygium is a traditional Chinese medicine that has widely been used in the treatment of rheumatic disease. (5R)-5-hydroxytriptolide (LLDT-8) is an extracted compound from Tripterygium, which has been shown to have lower cytotoxicity and relatively higher immunosuppressive activity when compared to Tripterygium. However, our understanding of LLDT-8-induced epigenomic impact and overall regulatory changes in key cell types remains limited. Doing so will provide critically important mechanistic information about how LLDT-8 wields its immunosuppressive activity. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of LLDT-8 on transcriptome including mRNAs and long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) by a custom genome-wide microarray assay. Significant differential expressed genes were validated by QPCR. Our work shows that 394 genes (281 down- and 113 up-regulated) were significantly differentially expressed in FLS responding to the treatment of LLDT-8. KEGG pathway analysis showed 20 pathways were significantly enriched and the most significantly enriched pathways were relevant to Immune reaction, including cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (P = 4.61 × 10−13), chemokine signaling pathway (P = 1.01 × 10−5) and TNF signaling pathway (P = 2.79 × 10−4). Furthermore, we identified 618 highly negatively correlated lncRNA-mRNA pairs from the selected significantly differential lncRNA and mRNA including 27 cis-regulated and 591 trans-regulated lncRNA-mRNAs modules. KEGG and GO based function analysis to differential lncRNA also shown the enrichment of immune response. Finally, lncRNA-transcription factor (TF) and lncRNA-TF-mRNA co-expression network were constructed with high specific network characteristics, indicating LLDT-8 would influence the expression network within the whole FLS cells. The results indicated that the LLDT-8 would mainly influence the FLS cells systemically and specially in the process of immune related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shicheng Guo
- Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, United States, 54449
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200052, China.,Arthritis Institute of integrated Traditional and Western medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, 200052, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200052, China.,Arthritis Institute of integrated Traditional and Western medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, 200052, China
| | - Dungyang Lee
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rongsheng Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200052, China.,Arthritis Institute of integrated Traditional and Western medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, 200052, China
| | - Xinpeng Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200052, China
| | - Yehua Jin
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200052, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200052, China.,Arthritis Institute of integrated Traditional and Western medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, 200052, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Arthritis Institute of integrated Traditional and Western medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, 200052, China
| | - Fengmin Bai
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200052, China.,Arthritis Institute of integrated Traditional and Western medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, 200052, China
| | - Qin Ding
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200052, China.,Arthritis Institute of integrated Traditional and Western medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, 200052, China
| | - Grace Wang
- Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA
| | - Jianyong Zhang
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital and The fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. Fuhua Road, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, 518033, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- University of Texas Medical School at Houston, 6431 Fannin, MSB5.270, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Steven J Schrodi
- Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, United States, 54449.,Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Dongyi He
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200052, China. .,Arthritis Institute of integrated Traditional and Western medicine, Shanghai Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Shanghai, 200052, China.
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36
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Castellanos-Rubio A, Ghosh S. Disease-Associated SNPs in Inflammation-Related lncRNAs. Front Immunol 2019; 10:420. [PMID: 30906297 PMCID: PMC6418042 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune-mediated diseases, such as celiac disease, type 1 diabetes or multiple sclerosis, are a clinically heterogeneous group of diseases that share many key genetic triggers. Although the pathogenic mechanisms responsible for the development of immune mediated disorders is not totally understood, high-throughput genomic studies, such as GWAS and Immunochip, performed in the past few years have provided intriguing hints about underlying mechanisms and pathways that lead to disease. More than a hundred gene variants associated with disease susceptibility have been identified through such studies, but the progress toward understanding the underlying mechanisms has been slow. The majority of the identified risk variants are located in non-coding regions of the genome making it difficult to assign a molecular function to the SNPs. However, recent studies have revealed that many of the non-coding regions bearing disease-associated SNPs generate long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). LncRNAs have been implicated in several inflammatory diseases, and many of them have been shown to function as regulators of gene expression. Many of the disease associated SNPs located in lncRNAs modify their secondary structure, or influence expression levels, thereby affecting their regulatory function, hence contributing to the development of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainara Castellanos-Rubio
- Immunogenetics Research Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain.,Functional Studies in Celiac Disease Group, BioCruces Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Sankar Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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Yan J, Song J, Qiao M, Zhao X, Li R, Jiao J, Sun Q. Long noncoding RNA expression profile and functional analysis in psoriasis. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:3421-3430. [PMID: 30816535 PMCID: PMC6471922 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve important roles in the biology of autoimmune diseases and immune-associated disorders. To identify lncRNAs specifically associated with psoriasis, the expression of lncRNAs from biopsies obtained from patients with psoriasis were compared with samples obtained from healthy volunteers using a microarray. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to detect the expression of 10 identified dysregulated lncRNAs. Cis- and trans-regulated target genes of lncRNAs were predicted. The results of microarray analysis indicated that 2,194 lncRNAs and 1,725 mRNAs were significantly dysregulated. Gene Ontology and pathway analyses among the dysregulated genes were performed. Co-expression network analysis was also performed to study molecular interactions. Several identified pathways were associated with psoriasis. Among the 2,194 dysregulated lncRNAs, 1,549 of these had cis- or trans-regulated predicted target genes. Among the 1,725 dysregulated mRNAs, 289 of the cis-regulated target genes and 262 of the trans-regulated target genes may be regulated by the differentially expressed lncRNAs; 10 differentially expressed lncRNAs were randomly selected and then validated. Of these lncRNAs, 7 exhibited the same expression profile as determined via microarray analysis, of which 3 lncRNAs were upregulated and 4 lncRNAs were downregulated. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first in which a microarray has been used to investigate the expression profile of lncRNAs associated with psoriasis. Additionally, the expression levels of the 10 aforementioned lncRNAs associated with psoriasis were validated in the present study for the first time using RT-qPCR. The findings demonstrated that lncRNAs may contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis and suggested their potential diagnostic and therapeutic value. Furthermore, the findings of the present study suggest that the combined actions of several lncRNAs may contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Medical Insurance, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Meng Qiao
- Department of Dermatology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Xintong Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Ronghua Li
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Jian Jiao
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Qing Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Sheng Y, Ma J, Zhao J, Qi S, Hu R, Yang Q. Differential expression patterns of specific long noncoding RNAs and competing endogenous RNA network in alopecia areata. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:10737-10747. [PMID: 30790320 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression by acting with microRNAs (miRNAs) and indirectly interact with messenger RNA (mRNAs). However, the roles of specific lncRNA and its related competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) network in alopecia areata (AA) are not fully understood. METHODS The blood lncRNA profiles were obtained by microarray from 10 samples, including five alopecia areata samples and five normal samples. Based on bioinformatics generated from miRcode, starBase, and miRTarBase, we constructed an lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network (ceRNA network) in alopecia areata. RESULTS We found 154 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 46 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The functional enrichment indicated that the DEGs mainly regulated the pathways of focal adhesion, Mucin type O-glycan biosynthesis, and so on. The differentially expressed lncRNA (DElncRNA) involved in the pathway of thyronamine and iodothyronamine metabolism and so on. Through integrated lncRNA-mRNA and miRNA-mRNA pairs, the ceRNA network was constructed, thereafter, six ceRNA subnetworks were identified and subnetwork 1 were found to be significantly associated with the occurrence of alopecia areata. CONCLUSION Our results showed blood lncRNA expression patterns and a complex ceRNA network in alopecia areata. However, futher studies on blood and tissue verification of these lncRNAs and relative pathways are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youyu Sheng
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwen Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sisi Qi
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiming Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinping Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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The emerging role of lncRNAs in inflammatory bowel disease. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-14. [PMID: 30523244 PMCID: PMC6283835 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0188-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression is linked to the development of various diseases. Recently, an emerging body of evidence has indicated that lncRNAs play important roles in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative Colitis (UC). In IBD, lncRNAs have been shown to be involved in diverse processes, including the regulation of intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis, association with lipid metabolism, and cell–cell interactions, thereby enhancing inflammation and the functional regulation of regulatory T cells. In this review, we aim to summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of lncRNAs in IBD and highlight potential avenues for future investigation. We also collate potentially immune-relevant, IBD-associated lncRNAs identified through a built-by association analysis with respect to their neighboring protein-coding genes within IBD-susceptible loci. We further underscore their importance by highlighting their enrichment for various aspects of immune system regulation, including antigen processing/presentation, immune cell proliferation and differentiation, and chronic inflammatory responses. Finally, we summarize the potential of lncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers in IBD. Studying long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may improve diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). These RNAs are found between genes in DNA regions previously thought to be “junk,” and have recently been shown to be important in development of various diseases. IBD, which includes both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, damages the digestive tract lining, causing pain and chronic diarrhea. A better understanding of IBD’s complex causes is needed to identify more effective treatments. Flemming Pociot at the Steno Diabetes Center in Gentofte, Denmark, and co-workers reviewed recent research linking lncRNAs and IBD. They discuss how lncRNAs’ roles in immunity and inflammation influence IBD development, describing how particular lncRNAs are related to IBD. Promising avenues for further research are highlighted, including the use of lncRNAs as biomarkers of IBD, which can be difficult to diagnose.
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Rodrigues PM, Perugorria MJ, Santos-Laso A, Bujanda L, Beuers U, Banales JM. Primary biliary cholangitis: A tale of epigenetically-induced secretory failure? J Hepatol 2018; 69:1371-1383. [PMID: 30193962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease associated with autoimmune-related destruction of small to medium size intrahepatic bile ducts. The aetiology of PBC is unknown and its pathogenesis remains obscure. Both genetic variants and environmental factors have been linked to increased PBC susceptibility, with other alterations known to cooperate in disease pathobiology. Increasing evidence indicates the presence of epigenetic abnormalities in PBC, particularly alterations of cholangiocellular microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs). This review highlights and discusses the most relevant epigenetic alterations found in patients with PBC, focusing on the role of miR-506 in the promotion of cholestasis and immune activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M Rodrigues
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Maria J Perugorria
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain; National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Alvaro Santos-Laso
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Luis Bujanda
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain; National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), Spain
| | - Ulrich Beuers
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research and Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jesus M Banales
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain; National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
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Impact of Escherichia coli K12 and O18:K1 on human platelets: Differential effects on platelet activation, RNAs and proteins. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16145. [PMID: 30385858 PMCID: PMC6212526 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34473-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood platelets can interact with bacteria, possibly leading to platelet activation, cytokine and microparticle release and immune signalling. Besides, bacteria can also affect the platelet RNA content. We investigated the impact of non-pathogenic K12 and pathogenic O18:K1 Escherichia (E.) coli strains on platelet activation, RNA expression patterns, and selected proteins. Depending on bacteria concentration, contact of platelets with E. coli K12 lead to an increase of P-selectin (24–51.3%), CD63 (15.9–24.3%), PAC-1 (3.8–14.9%) and bound fibrinogen (22.4–39%) on the surface. E. coli O18:K1 did not affect these markers. Sequencing analysis of total RNA showed that E. coli K12 caused a significant concentration change of 103 spliced mRNAs, of which 74 decreased. For the RNAs of HMBS (logFC = +5.73), ATP2C1 (logFC = −3.13) and LRCH4 (logFC = −4.07) changes were detectable by thromboSeq and Tuxedo pipelines. By Western blot we observed the conversion of HMBS protein from a 47 kDA to 40 kDa product by E. coli K12, O18:K1 and by purified lipopolysaccharide. While ATP2C1 protein was released from platelets, E. coli either reduced the secretion or broke down the released protein making it undetectable by antibodies. Our results demonstrate that different E. coli strains influence activation, RNA and protein levels differently which may affect platelet-bacteria crosstalk.
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Unravelling the Roles of Susceptibility Loci for Autoimmune Diseases in the Post-GWAS Era. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9080377. [PMID: 30060490 PMCID: PMC6115971 DOI: 10.3390/genes9080377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several hundred loci associated with autoimmune diseases, their mechanistic insights are still poorly understood. The human genome is more complex than single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are interrogated by GWAS arrays. Apart from SNPs, it also comprises genetic variations such as insertions-deletions, copy number variations, and somatic mosaicism. Although previous studies suggest that common copy number variations do not play a major role in autoimmune disease risk, it is possible that certain rare genetic variations with large effect sizes are relevant to autoimmunity. In addition, other layers of regulations such as gene-gene interactions, epigenetic-determinants, gene and environmental interactions also contribute to the heritability of autoimmune diseases. This review focuses on discussing why studying these elements may allow us to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the aetiology of complex autoimmune traits.
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Zhang Q, Hu H, Liu H, Jin J, Zhu P, Wang S, Shen K, Hu Y, Li Z, Zhan P, Zhu S, Fan H, Zhang J, Lv T, Song Y. RNA sequencing enables systematic identification of platelet transcriptomic alterations in NSCLC patients. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:204-214. [PMID: 29857300 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are implicated as key players in the metastatic dissemination of tumor cells. Previous evidence demonstrated platelets retained cytoplasmic RNAs with physiologically activity, splicing pre-mRNA to mRNA and translating into functional proteins in response to external stimulation. Recently, platelets gene profile of healthy or diseased individuals were characterized with the help of RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) in some studies, leading to new insights into the mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis. In this study, we performed RNA-seq in platelets from 7 healthy individuals and 15 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Our data revealed a subset of near universal differently expressed gene (DEG) profiles in platelets of metastatic NSCLC compared to healthy individuals, including 626 up-regulated RNAs (mRNAs and ncRNAs) and 1497 down-regulated genes. The significant over-expressed genes showed enrichment in focal adhesion, platelets activation, gap junction and adherens junction pathways. The DEGs also included previously reported tumor-related genes such as PDGFR, VEGF, EGF, etc., verifying the consistence and significance of platelet RNA-Seq in oncology study. We also validated several up-regulated DEGs involved in tumor cell-induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) and tumorigenesis. Additionally, transcriptomic comparison analyses of NSCLC subgroups were conducted. Between non-metastatic and metastatic NSCLC patients, 526 platelet DEGs were identified with the most altered expression. The outcomes from subgroup analysis between lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma demonstrated the diagnostic potential of platelet RNA-Seq on distinguishing tumor histological types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Huan Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Hongda Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Jiajia Jin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Peiyuan Zhu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Shujun Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Kaikai Shen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yangbo Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Zhou Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Ping Zhan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Suhua Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Hang Fan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Jianya Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Tangfeng Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China.
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, 210002, China.
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Cipolla GA, de Oliveira JC, Salviano-Silva A, Lobo-Alves SC, Lemos DS, Oliveira LC, Jucoski TS, Mathias C, Pedroso GA, Zambalde EP, Gradia DF. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Multifactorial Diseases: Another Layer of Complexity. Noncoding RNA 2018; 4:E13. [PMID: 29751665 PMCID: PMC6027498 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna4020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multifactorial diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular conditions and neurological, immunological and metabolic disorders are a group of diseases caused by the combination of genetic and environmental factors. High-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technologies have revealed that less than 2% of the genome corresponds to protein-coding genes, although most of the human genome is transcribed. The other transcripts include a large variety of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and the continuous generation of RNA-seq data shows that ncRNAs are strongly deregulated and may be important players in pathological processes. A specific class of ncRNAs, the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), has been intensively studied in human diseases. For clinical purposes, lncRNAs may have advantages mainly because of their specificity and differential expression patterns, as well as their ideal qualities for diagnosis and therapeutics. Multifactorial diseases are the major cause of death worldwide and many aspects of their development are not fully understood. Recent data about lncRNAs has improved our knowledge and helped risk assessment and prognosis of these pathologies. This review summarizes the involvement of some lncRNAs in the most common multifactorial diseases, with a focus on those with published functional data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel A Cipolla
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Sara C Lobo-Alves
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Debora S Lemos
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Luana C Oliveira
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Tayana S Jucoski
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Carolina Mathias
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Gabrielle A Pedroso
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Erika P Zambalde
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil.
| | - Daniela F Gradia
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil.
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45
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Abstract
Platelets are equipped with RNA processing machineries, such as pre-mRNA splicing, pre-miRNA processing, and mRNA translation. Since platelets are devoid of a nucleus, most RNA transcripts in platelets are derived from megakaryocytes during thrombocytogenesis. However, platelets can also ingest RNA molecules during circulation and/or interaction with other cell types. Since platelets were first described by Bizzozero in 1881, their well-established role in hemostasis and thrombosis has been intensively studied. However, in the past decades, the list of biological processes in which platelets play an important role keeps expanding. In this review, we discuss how platelet RNA biomarker signatures can be altered in the presence of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nik Sol
- Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Thomas Wurdinger
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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46
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Sadlon T, Brown CY, Bandara V, Hope CM, Schjenken JE, Pederson SM, Breen J, Forrest A, Beyer M, Robertson S, Barry SC. Unravelling the molecular basis for regulatory T-cell plasticity and loss of function in disease. Clin Transl Immunology 2018; 7:e1011. [PMID: 29497530 PMCID: PMC5827651 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Treg) are critical for preventing autoimmunity and curtailing responses of conventional effector T cells (Tconv). The reprogramming of T‐cell fate and function to generate Treg requires switching on and off of key gene regulatory networks, which may be initiated by a subtle shift in expression levels of specific genes. This can be achieved by intermediary regulatory processes that include microRNA and long noncoding RNA‐based regulation of gene expression. There are well‐documented microRNA profiles in Treg and Tconv, and these can operate to either reinforce or reduce expression of a specific set of target genes, including FOXP3 itself. This type of feedforward/feedback regulatory loop is normally stable in the steady state, but can alter in response to local cues or genetic risk. This may go some way to explaining T‐cell plasticity. In addition, in chronic inflammation or autoimmunity, altered Treg/Tconv function may be influenced by changes in enhancer–promoter interactions, which are highly cell type‐specific. These interactions are impacted by genetic risk based on genome‐wide association studies and may cause subtle alterations to the gene regulatory networks controlled by or controlling FOXP3 and its target genes. Recent insights into the 3D organisation of chromatin and the mapping of noncoding regulatory regions to the genes they control are shedding new light on the direct impact of genetic risk on T‐cell function and susceptibility to inflammatory and autoimmune conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Sadlon
- Women's and Children's Health Network North Adelaide SA Australia.,Molecular immunology Robinson Research Institute University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Cheryl Y Brown
- Molecular immunology Robinson Research Institute University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Veronika Bandara
- Molecular immunology Robinson Research Institute University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | | | - John E Schjenken
- Reproductive Immunology Robinson Research Institute University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Stephen M Pederson
- Molecular immunology Robinson Research Institute University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia.,University of Adelaide Bioinformatics Hub University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - James Breen
- Molecular immunology Robinson Research Institute University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia.,University of Adelaide Bioinformatics Hub University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Alistair Forrest
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research University of Western Australia Perth, WA Australia
| | - Marc Beyer
- Deutsches Zentrum fur Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen Bonn Germany
| | - Sarah Robertson
- Reproductive Immunology Robinson Research Institute University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Simon C Barry
- Molecular immunology Robinson Research Institute University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
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Haberman Y, BenShoshan M, Di Segni A, Dexheimer PJ, Braun T, Weiss B, Walters TD, Baldassano RN, Noe JD, Markowitz J, Rosh J, Heyman MB, Griffiths AM, Crandall WV, Mack DR, Baker SS, Kellermayer R, Patel A, Otley A, Steiner SJ, Gulati AS, Guthery SL, LeLeiko N, Moulton D, Kirschner BS, Snapper S, Avivi C, Barshack I, Oliva-Hemker M, Cohen SA, Keljo DJ, Ziring D, Anikster Y, Aronow B, Hyams JS, Kugathasan S, Denson LA. Long ncRNA Landscape in the Ileum of Treatment-Naive Early-Onset Crohn Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:346-360. [PMID: 29361088 PMCID: PMC6231367 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izx013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) are key regulators of gene transcription and many show tissue-specific expression. We previously defined a novel inflammatory and metabolic ileal gene signature in treatment-naive pediatric Crohn disease (CD). We now extend our analyses to include potential regulatory lncRNA. METHODS Using RNAseq, we systematically profiled lncRNAs and protein-coding gene expression in 177 ileal biopsies. Co-expression analysis was used to identify functions and tissue-specific expression. RNA in situ hybridization was used to validate expression. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to test lncRNA regulation by IL-1β in Caco-2 enterocytes. RESULTS We characterize widespread dysregulation of 459 lncRNAs in the ileum of CD patients. Using only the lncRNA in discovery and independent validation cohorts showed patient classification as accurate as the protein-coding genes, linking lncRNA to CD pathogenesis. Co-expression and functional annotation enrichment analyses across several tissues and cell types 1showed that the upregulated LINC01272 is associated with a myeloid pro-inflammatory signature, whereas the downregulated HNF4A-AS1 exhibits association with an epithelial metabolic signature. We confirmed tissue-specific expression in biopsies using in situ hybridization, and validated regulation of prioritized lncRNA upon IL-1β exposure in differentiated Caco-2 cells. Finally, we identified significant correlations between LINC01272 and HNF4A-AS1 expression and more severe mucosal injury. CONCLUSIONS We systematically define differentially expressed lncRNA in the ileum of newly diagnosed pediatric CD. We show lncRNA utility to correctly classify disease or healthy states and demonstrate their regulation in response to an inflammatory signal. These lncRNAs, after mechanistic exploration, may serve as potential new tissue-specific targets for RNA-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Haberman
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio,Sheba Medical Center, Israel,Address correspondence to: Yael Haberman, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, MLC 2010, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229 ()
| | | | | | | | | | - Batia Weiss
- Sheba Medical Center, Israel,Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Thomas D Walters
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Joshua D Noe
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | | | - Joel Rosh
- Goryeb Children’s Hospital/Atlantic Health, Morristown, New Jersey
| | - Melvin B Heyman
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Anne M Griffiths
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - David R Mack
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Ashish Patel
- UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas
| | | | | | - Ajay S Gulati
- University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Iris Barshack
- Sheba Medical Center, Israel,Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | | | - Stanley A Cohen
- Children’s Center for Digestive Healthcare, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - David J Keljo
- Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Yair Anikster
- Sheba Medical Center, Israel,Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Bruce Aronow
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey S Hyams
- Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut
| | | | - Lee A Denson
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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48
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Salviano-Silva A, Lobo-Alves SC, Almeida RCD, Malheiros D, Petzl-Erler ML. Besides Pathology: Long Non-Coding RNA in Cell and Tissue Homeostasis. Noncoding RNA 2018; 4:ncrna4010003. [PMID: 29657300 PMCID: PMC5890390 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna4010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant proportion of mammalian genomes corresponds to genes that transcribe long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Throughout the last decade, the number of studies concerning the roles played by lncRNAs in different biological processes has increased considerably. This intense interest in lncRNAs has produced a major shift in our understanding of gene and genome regulation and structure. It became apparent that lncRNAs regulate gene expression through several mechanisms. These RNAs function as transcriptional or post-transcriptional regulators through binding to histone-modifying complexes, to DNA, to transcription factors and other DNA binding proteins, to RNA polymerase II, to mRNA, or through the modulation of microRNA or enzyme function. Often, the lncRNA transcription itself rather than the lncRNA product appears to be regulatory. In this review, we highlight studies identifying lncRNAs in the homeostasis of various cell and tissue types or demonstrating their effects in the expression of protein-coding or other non-coding RNA genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Salviano-Silva
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, Caixa Postal 19071, Brazil.
| | - Sara Cristina Lobo-Alves
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, Caixa Postal 19071, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo Coutinho de Almeida
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, Caixa Postal 19071, Brazil.
| | - Danielle Malheiros
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, Caixa Postal 19071, Brazil.
| | - Maria Luiza Petzl-Erler
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, Caixa Postal 19071, Brazil.
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49
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Profiling Celiac Disease-Related Transcriptional Changes. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 336:149-174. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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50
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Tuomela S, Rautio S, Ahlfors H, Öling V, Salo V, Ullah U, Chen Z, Hämälistö S, Tripathi SK, Äijö T, Rasool O, Soueidan H, Wessels L, Stockinger B, Lähdesmäki H, Lahesmaa R. Comparative analysis of human and mouse transcriptomes of Th17 cell priming. Oncotarget 2017; 7:13416-28. [PMID: 26967054 PMCID: PMC4924651 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled Th17 cell activity is associated with cancer and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. To validate the potential relevance of mouse models of targeting the Th17 pathway in human diseases we used RNA sequencing to compare the expression of coding and non-coding transcripts during the priming of Th17 cell differentiation in both human and mouse. In addition to already known targets, several transcripts not previously linked to Th17 cell polarization were found in both species. Moreover, a considerable number of human-specific long non-coding RNAs were identified that responded to cytokines stimulating Th17 cell differentiation. We integrated our transcriptomics data with known disease-associated polymorphisms and show that conserved regulation pinpoints genes that are relevant to Th17 cell-mediated human diseases and that can be modelled in mouse. Substantial differences observed in non-coding transcriptomes between the two species as well as increased overlap between Th17 cell-specific gene expression and disease-associated polymorphisms underline the need of parallel analysis of human and mouse models. Comprehensive analysis of genes regulated during Th17 cell priming and their classification to conserved and non-conserved between human and mouse facilitates translational research, pointing out which candidate targets identified in human are worth studying by using in vivo mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soile Tuomela
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Sini Rautio
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Helena Ahlfors
- Division of Molecular Immunology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Viveka Öling
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Verna Salo
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Ubaid Ullah
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Zhi Chen
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Saara Hämälistö
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Subhash K Tripathi
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Tarmo Äijö
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Omid Rasool
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Hayssam Soueidan
- Computational Cancer Biology, Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lodewyk Wessels
- Computational Cancer Biology, Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brigitta Stockinger
- Division of Molecular Immunology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Harri Lähdesmäki
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Riitta Lahesmaa
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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