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Sañudo B, Sánchez-Oliver AJ, Fernández-Gavira J, Gaser D, Stöcker N, Peralta M, Marques A, Papakonstantinou S, Nicolini C, Sitzberger C. Physical and Psychosocial Benefits of Sports Participation Among Children and Adolescents with Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2024; 10:54. [PMID: 38750266 PMCID: PMC11096140 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-024-00722-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to identify sports interventions for children and adolescents (CaA) with chronic diseases and evaluate their impact on physical, psychological, and social well-being. The findings of this study will contribute to our understanding of the potential benefits of sports interventions for CaA with chronic diseases and inform future interventions to promote their overall health and well-being. METHODS A systematic review was conducted in eight databases. This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and utilized a comprehensive search strategy to identify studies on sport-based interventions for CaA with chronic diseases. The review included randomized controlled trials and observational studies that focused on physical and psychosocial outcomes. RESULTS We screened 10,123 titles and abstracts, reviewed the full text of 622 records, and included 52 primary studies. A total of 2352 participants were assessed with an average of 45 ± 37 participants per study. Among the included studies involving CaA with chronic diseases with an age range from 3 to 18 years, 30% (n = 15) autism spectrum disorders, 21% (n = 11) cerebral palsy, 19% (n = 10) were attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and 17% (n = 9) obesity. Other diseases included were cancer (n = 5), asthma (n = 1) and cystic fibrosis (n = 1). Interventions involved various sports and physical activities tailored to each chronic disease. The duration and frequency of interventions varied across studies. Most studies assessed physical outcomes, including motor performance and physical fitness measures. Psychosocial outcomes were also evaluated, focusing on behavioural problems, social competencies, and health-related quality of life. CONCLUSION Overall, sport-based interventions effectively improved physical and psychosocial outcomes in CaA with chronic diseases. Interventions are generally safe, and participants adhere to the prescribed protocols favorably. Despite that, there is little evidence that interventions are being implemented. Future studies should include interventions tailored to meet the common issues experienced by CaA with chronic conditions, providing a comprehensive understanding of the impact of sports interventions on those affected. REGISTRATION The methodology for this review was pre-determined and registered in the PROSPERO database (registration number: CRD42023397172).
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Sañudo
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - Dominik Gaser
- Chair of Preventive Pediatrics, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicola Stöcker
- CRETHIDEV. Creative Thinking Development, Attiki, Greece
| | - Miguel Peralta
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Chiara Nicolini
- CEIPES. Centro Internazionale per la Promozione dell'Educazione e lo Sviluppo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Christina Sitzberger
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Breij LM, van de Ven RAH, Hulst RY, Smorenburg ARP, Gorter JW, Verschuren OW. Body mass index is not suitable for assessing body composition in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil 2024; 46:509-514. [PMID: 36650975 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2167007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To measure body composition by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and body mass index (BMI) and to investigate the correlation and agreement between BMI and fat mass percentage in children with spastic Cerebral Palsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS BIA was used to assess fat mass percentage and BMI was determined from body weight and height. BMI and fat mass percentage were both categorized into five categories. The association between fat mass percentage and BMI was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Agreement between BMI and fat mass percentage was investigated with weighted Cohen's kappa coefficient. RESULTS One hundred and three children with CP across all Gross Motor Function Classification Levels (61% boys, mean age 9 years) were included. Mean BMI was 18.3 kg/m2 and mean fat mass was 24.9%. A large inter-subject variability was found with a weak correlation between BMI and fat mass percentage in children with a BMI < 20 kg/m2. Little agreement (k = 0.299, CI 0.16-0.44) between the categorization of children based on BMI and based on fat mass percentage was found. INTERPRETATION The large inter-subject variability in fat mass percentage combined with little agreement between the BMI and BIA categories suggests that BMI is not a suitable measure of fat mass in children with CP.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONUsing body mass index (BMI) and instead of fat mass percentage increases the risk of misclassifying body composition in children with spastic Cerebral Palsy.Children with a BMI < 20 kg/m2 are more at risk to be misclassified for body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Breij
- Rehabilitation Centre 'De Hoogstraat', Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rick A H van de Ven
- Rehabilitation Center Tolbrug, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands
| | - Raquel Y Hulst
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Jan Willem Gorter
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science & Sports, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Olaf W Verschuren
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science & Sports, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Zheng H, Bornman J, Granlund M, Zhao Y, Huus K. Participation of children with long-term health conditions compared to that of healthy peers: A cross-sectional comparative study. Scand J Occup Ther 2023; 30:334-343. [PMID: 35132920 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2022.2035815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge is limited on attendance and involvement of perceived participation of children with long-term health conditions. AIMS To evaluate the perceived participation of children with long-term health conditions and to compare their participation with that of healthy peers. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional comparative study was designed using self-reported data from 65 children with long-term health conditions and from 65 healthy peers, utilising the simplified Chinese version of Picture My Participation (PMP-C; Simplified). RESULTS The frequency scores of children with long-term health conditions were significantly lower than those of healthy peers in terms of attendance for the total domain and for 13 activity items. The involvement scores of children with long-term health conditions were significantly lower than those of healthy children in 3 items. There was a strong correlation between rank orders of the most important activities for the two groups (r = 0.83). CONCLUSIONS Children with long-term health conditions participated less in activities compared to healthy children. Further studies are required to investigate factors of the participation of children. SIGNIFICANCE The PMP-C (Simplified) offered an opportunity for children to express their own perspectives of participation based on their individual experience of the activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zheng
- CHILD Research Group, Swedish Institute of Disability Research, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juan Bornman
- Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Mats Granlund
- CHILD Research Group, Swedish Institute of Disability Research, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Karina Huus
- CHILD Research Group, Swedish Institute of Disability Research, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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Varahra A, Ahmed H, Lindsay S. Exploring Direct and Indirect Associations of Exercise and Sport Participation with Employment among Individuals with Disabilities: A Scoping Review. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2022; 32:44-54. [PMID: 33956265 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-021-09962-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Exercise and sports have many positive benefits for persons with or without a disability. Despite this, the contribution of exercise and sport participation to employment is less documented. The purpose of this scoping review was to provide insight into the direct and indirect associations of exercise and sport participation with employment among persons with disabilities. Methods Six databases were searched (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, PsychINFO, CINAHL, and HealthStar) from their inception date to March 20, 2020. Peer-reviewed English and French articles were included if at least one outcome measure on employment or work-related outcomes as a result of participation in, or benefits of exercise and sport participation was the focus of the study. Results The research identified 2796 hits. Of which, 23 published between 1992 and 2019 met eligibility criteria. Seven studies identified a direct association between exercise and sport participation with employment and full-time positions. Sixteen studies reported on improved health/work-related outcomes such as occupational performance (i.e., self-care, functional independence), physical fitness (i.e., upper extremity strength, endurance) and psychological well-being (i.e., self-efficacy). Conclusions This scoping review highlights that exercise and sport participation have associations with employment and work-related outcomes. Benefits of exercise and sports may be considered to a greater extent, than in the past, in programs that facilitate employment for persons with disabilities. Additional research using longitudinal design should be conducted to further understand the strength of these associations and evaluate whether exercise and sport participation should be incorporated more intensely in vocational programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azar Varahra
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Hiba Ahmed
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sally Lindsay
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Smit DJM, Zwinkels M, Takken T, Hulst RY, de Groot JF, Lankhorst K, Verschuren O. Sleep quantity and its relation with physical activity in children with cerebral palsy; insights using actigraphy. J Paediatr Child Health 2020; 56:1618-1622. [PMID: 32627283 PMCID: PMC7689710 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.15055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM To objectively assess the sleep quantity, and explore the relationships between sleep quantity and quality, and physical activity and sedentary behaviour in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was conducted. In total, 36 children with spastic CP (mean age 15y 4mo, SD 2y 6mo; classified as Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I (25), II (9), III (1) and IV (1)) were included. Active time, sedentary time and sleep quantity were measured using an activity monitor for 7 consecutive days. RESULTS Total sleep duration of children with CP ranged between 7.2 and 11.2 h. No significant correlations were found between active time and sleep quantity for total week, weekdays, and weekend days. Moderate negative correlations were found between sedentary time and sleep quantity during total week (r = -0.456, P = 0.005), weekdays (r = -0.453, P = 0.006) and weekend days (r = -0.48, P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that children with CP are getting the recommended sleep duration, and that sedentary behaviour is correlated with sleep quantity in children with CP and may be more applicable to children with better motor functions. Future studies using more elaborate, objective sleep quantity and quality measures are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise J M Smit
- UMC Utrecht Hersencentrum, Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Maremka Zwinkels
- UMC Utrecht Hersencentrum, Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Tim Takken
- UMC UtrechtChild Development and Exercise CenterUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Raquel Y Hulst
- UMC Utrecht Hersencentrum, Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Janke F de Groot
- UMC UtrechtChild Development and Exercise CenterUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Hogeschool Utrecht, Research Group Lifestyle and HealthInstitute of Human Movement StudiesUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Kristel Lankhorst
- Hogeschool Utrecht, Research Group Lifestyle and HealthInstitute of Human Movement StudiesUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Olaf Verschuren
- UMC Utrecht Hersencentrum, Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation MedicineUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
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Updated National Estimates of Disparities in Physical Activity and Sports Participation Experienced by Children and Adolescents With Disabilities: NSCH 2016-2017. J Phys Act Health 2020; 17:443-455. [PMID: 32150728 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2019-0421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children and adolescents with disabilities often report low levels of physical activity (PA). Estimating the magnitude of PA disparities has been previously challenged by underreporting and variability in subsampling of disability. Using the National Survey of Children's Health, this study estimated the population-level PA disparities experienced and the association between disability status and PA engagement. METHODS Weighted prevalence of PA engagement (National Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (2nd edition) and sports participation) was compared across disability groups for children (n = 20,867, 6-11 y) and adolescents (n = 28,651, 12-17 y) and found to be 12%. Age-stratified multivariable logistic regressions estimated the likelihood of PA engagement as a function of disability status and type, after adjusting for child and household factors. RESULTS Children, but not adolescents, with disabilities had significantly lower odds of being sufficiently active compared with peers without disabilities (adjusted odds ratio = 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.60-0.94). Across age groups, the lowest prevalence rates were observed among those experiencing function and mobility disabilities. Children and adolescents were significantly less likely to participate in sports compared with peers. CONCLUSION Children with function and mobility disabilities were identified as priority subpopulations least likely to be sufficiently active. The disparity in sports participation highlights a critical intervention point for increasing PA among children with disabilities.
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Zwinkels M, Ketelaar M, Nijboer T, Verschuren O, Te Velde S, de Groot J, Takken T, Visser-Meily A. Effects of a school-based sports program on psychosocial health and attention in youth with physical disabilities. J Pediatr Rehabil Med 2020; 13:37-46. [PMID: 32176664 DOI: 10.3233/prm-180570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Youth with physical disabilities have lower psychosocial health and attention compared to their typically developing peers. Recent research has shown positive associations between sports participation and these outcomes. The purpose of the current study was to explore whether a school-based sports program affects psychosocial health and attention in youth with physical disabilities. METHODS Seventy children and adolescents (mean age (SD) 13.8 (2.9) years, aged 8-19 years, 54% boys) with physical disabilities were included in this quasi-experimental study from schools for special education. The sports group (n= 31) followed a school-based sports program (45 min/week) for six months. The control group followed the regular curriculum. Psychosocial health was assessed with self-perception (Self-Perception Profile for Children) and quality of life (DISABKIDS Chronic Generic Measure, DCGM-37). Attention was measured with experimental tasks on search efficiency, sustained attention, and distractibility. RESULTS Linear regression analyses revealed no differences between the sports and control group for self-perception, quality of life, and attention. CONCLUSION A school-based sports program seems to have no effect on psychosocial health and attention in youth with physical disabilities. Research into the important factors influencing these variables is needed before further resources can be given to improve sports participation for increasing psychosocial health and attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maremka Zwinkels
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn Ketelaar
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Nijboer
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf Verschuren
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Janke de Groot
- HU University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Takken
- Child Development and Exercise Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Visser-Meily
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science and Sports, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Fagher K, Hassan Ahmed O, Pernheim N, Varkey E. Prevalence of sports-related injuries in paralympic judo: An exploratory study. J Sci Med Sport 2019; 22:902-906. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Puce L, Marinelli L, Girtler NG, Pallecchi I, Mori L, Simonini M, Trompetto C. Self-Perceived Psychophysical Well-Being of Young Competitive Swimmers With Physical or Intellectual Impairment. Percept Mot Skills 2019; 126:862-885. [PMID: 31362582 DOI: 10.1177/0031512519865849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Regular practice of sport activities yields psychophysical benefits for both the general population and persons affected by physical or intellectual impairments. Practicing competitive sport may add further value to these benefits. The objective of this observational cross-sectional study was to investigate the role of competitive sport practice in enhancing self-perceived psychophysical well-being of some select participants, using the Psychological General Well-Being Index and the Short Form-12 indices. We recruited at national events 100 young Italian competitive swimmers affected by physical or intellectual impairment. These respondents' results were compared with those of a control group of 100 Italian participants who did not practice competitive sport but who were also affected by physical or intellectual impairment, randomly selected from rehabilitation clinics and communities of young people with disabilities. Scores of psychological and emotional well-being were higher by 40% or more for the practitioners of competitive sport (p < .0001; Cohen's effect size d ≥ 1.3). While our study's results suggest possible positive psychophysical benefits to competitive sport practice for young people affected by physical or intellectual impairment, longitudinal research is needed to be certain that our results are not due to self-selection into sports participation of those persons with disabilities who have a uniquely higher sense of well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Puce
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Lucio Marinelli
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicola G Girtler
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Laura Mori
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Marina Simonini
- 3 Struttura Complessa Recupero e Rieducazione Funzionale, ASL3 Regione Liguria, Italy
| | - Carlo Trompetto
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Italy
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Nyquist A, Jahnsen RB, Moser T, Ullenhag A. The coolest I know – a qualitative study exploring the participation experiences of children with disabilities in an adapted physical activities program. Disabil Rehabil 2019; 42:2501-2509. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1573937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Nyquist
- Beitostølen Healthsports Center, Beitostølen, Oppland, Norway
| | - Reidun Birgitta Jahnsen
- Beitostølen Healthsports Center, Beitostølen, Oppland, Norway
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences for Children, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Research Center for Habilitation and Rehabilitation Models and Services, University of Oslo, Institute of Health and Society, CHARM, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Moser
- Department of Educational Science, University of South-Eastern Norway, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Anna Ullenhag
- Beitostølen Healthsports Center, Beitostølen, Oppland, Norway
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalens University, Västerås, Sweden
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Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIT) on physical fitness and cardiometabolic health in youth with physical disabilities. METHODS For this quasi-experimental study 70 participants were recruited from schools for special education and divided into runners and users of wheelchairs. HIT was performed for 8 weeks, twice a week, containing 30 seconds all-out exercises. RESULTS Exercise adherence was 84.5%. Following HIT, there were improvements in anaerobic performance, agility, aerobic performance, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. There were no changes in peak oxygen uptake ((Equation is included in full-text article.)O2peak), arterial stiffness, body composition, lipid profile, and fasting glucose. CONCLUSIONS Both anaerobic and aerobic performance improved after HIT, with no changes in (Equation is included in full-text article.)O2peak. There were no effects on cardiometabolic health, except for a decrease in blood pressure.
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12
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Te Velde SJ, Lankhorst K, Zwinkels M, Verschuren O, Takken T, de Groot J. Associations of sport participation with self-perception, exercise self-efficacy and quality of life among children and adolescents with a physical disability or chronic disease-a cross-sectional study. SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN 2018; 4:38. [PMID: 30112621 PMCID: PMC6093823 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-018-0152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Little evidence is available about how sports participation influences psychosocial health and quality of life in children and adolescents with a disability or chronic disease. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to assess the association of sports participation with psychosocial health and with quality of life, among children and adolescents with a disability. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 195 children and adolescents with physical disabilities or chronic diseases (11% cardiovascular, 5% pulmonary, 8% metabolic, 8% musculoskeletal/orthopaedic, 52% neuromuscular and 9% immunological diseases and 1% with cancer), aged 10–19 years, completed questionnaires to assess sports participation, health-related quality of life (DCGM-37), self-perceptions and global self-worth (SPPC or SPPA) and exercise self-efficacy. Results Regression analyses showed that those who reported to participate in sports at least twice a week had more beneficial scores on the various indicators compared to their peers who did not participate in sport or less than twice a week. Those participating in sports scored better on all scales of the DCGM-37 scale, on the scales for feelings of athletic competence and children but not adolescents participating in sports reported greater social acceptance. Finally, we found a strong association between sport participation and exercise self-efficacy. Conclusions This study provides the first indications that participating in sports is beneficial for psychosocial health among children and adolescents with a disability. However, more insight is needed in the direction of the relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maremka Zwinkels
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Olaf Verschuren
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tim Takken
- Child Development and Exercise Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Janke de Groot
- University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Willis C, Nyquist A, Jahnsen R, Elliott C, Ullenhag A. Enabling physical activity participation for children and youth with disabilities following a goal-directed, family-centred intervention. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2018; 77:30-39. [PMID: 29635224 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of research demonstrating the optimisation and maintenance of participation outcomes following physical activity interventions for children and youth with disabilities. AIM To evaluate changes in physical activity participation in children with disabilities following a goal-directed, family-centred intervention at a healthsports centre, and to identify factors influencing participation following the intervention. METHODS AND PROCEDURES A mixed methods pre-test post-test cohort design was applied. Recruitment occurred over a 12 month period during standard clinical service provision. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) was administered to children and parents pre (T1) and post-intervention (T2), and at 12 weeks follow-up (T3). Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) was applied to assess outcomes at 12 weeks follow-up (T2-T3). Qualitative inquiry described barriers to goal attainment at T3. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Ninety two children with a range of disabilities (mean age 11.1yr; 49 males) were included in the study. Statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in parent ratings of COPM performance and satisfaction of participation goals were observed following intervention. Ratings at 12 weeks follow-up remained significantly higher than baseline, and 32% of children attained their COPM-derived GAS goal. Environmental factors were the most frequent barrier to goal attainment following intervention. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These results provide preliminary evidence for goal-directed, family-centred interventions to optimise physical activity participation outcomes for children with disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Willis
- School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, Perth, 6008, WA, Australia.
| | - Astrid Nyquist
- Beitostolen Healthsports Centre, Sentervegen 4, Beitostolen, 2953, Norway.
| | - Reidun Jahnsen
- Beitostolen Healthsports Centre, Sentervegen 4, Beitostolen, 2953, Norway; Department of Clinical Neurosciences for Children, Oslo University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, Oslo, 0450, Norway.
| | - Catherine Elliott
- School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work, Curtin University, Kent St, Bentley, Perth, 6102, WA, Australia.
| | - Anna Ullenhag
- School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Box 883, 721 23, Västeraas, Sweden.
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Zwinkels M, Verschuren O, Balemans A, Lankhorst K, Te Velde S, van Gaalen L, de Groot J, Visser-Meily A, Takken T. Effects of a School-Based Sports Program on Physical Fitness, Physical Activity, and Cardiometabolic Health in Youth With Physical Disabilities: Data From the Sport-2-Stay-Fit Study. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:75. [PMID: 29632853 PMCID: PMC5879083 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of a school-based once-a-week sports program on physical fitness, physical activity, and cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents with a physical disability. METHODS This controlled clinical trial included 71 children and adolescents from four schools for special education [mean age 13.7 (2.9) years, range 8-19, 55% boys]. Participants had various chronic health conditions including cerebral palsy (37%), other neuromuscular (44%), metabolic (8%), musculoskeletal (7%), and cardiovascular (4%) disorders. Before recruitment and based on the presence of school-based sports, schools were assigned as sport or control group. School-based sports were initiated and provided by motivated experienced physical educators. The sport group (n = 31) participated in a once-a-week school-based sports program for 6 months, which included team sports. The control group (n = 40) followed the regular curriculum. Anaerobic performance was assessed by the Muscle Power Sprint Test. Secondary outcome measures included aerobic performance, VO2 peak, strength, physical activity, blood pressure, arterial stiffness, body composition, and the metabolic profile. RESULTS A significant improvement of 16% in favor of the sport group was found for anaerobic performance (p = 0.003). In addition, the sport group lost 2.8% more fat mass compared to the control group (p = 0.007). No changes were found for aerobic performance, VO2 peak, physical activity, blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and the metabolic profile. CONCLUSION Anaerobic performance and fat mass improved following a school-based sports program. These effects are promising for long-term fitness and health promotion, because sports sessions at school eliminate certain barriers for sports participation and adding a once-a-week sports session showed already positive effects for 6 months. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was registered with the Dutch Trial Registry (NTR4698).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maremka Zwinkels
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Sports, De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Olaf Verschuren
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Astrid Balemans
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Public Health, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Saskia Te Velde
- HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Janke de Groot
- HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Child Development and Exercise Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anne Visser-Meily
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science and Sports, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Tim Takken
- Child Development and Exercise Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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15
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Zwinkels M, Takken T, Ruyten T, Visser-Meily A, Verschuren O. Body mass index and fitness in high-functioning children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: What happened over a decade? RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2017; 71:70-76. [PMID: 29024824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, improving fitness has become an important goal in rehabilitation medicine in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP). AIMS To compare body mass index (BMI), performance-related fitness, and cardiorespiratory fitness of children with CP measured in 2014 with a comparable sample from 2004. METHODS AND PROCEDURES In total, 25 high-functioning children with CP (i.e., GMFCS I-II) measured in 2004 (13 boys; mean age 13.2 (2.6) years) were matched to 25 children measured in 2014. Outcomes included body mass and BMI, muscle power sprint test (MPST), 10×5m sprint test, and a shuttle run test (SRT). Data of 15 participants from 2004 (10 boys; mean age 12.6 (2.5) years) were matched and analysed for VO2peak. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Body mass and BMI were higher (both: p<0.05) in the 2014 cohort compared to the 2004 cohort. Further, performance-related fitness was better for the 2014 cohort on the MPST (p=0.004), the 10×5m sprint test (p=0.001), and the SRT (p<0.001). However, there were no differences for VO2peak. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS In high-funcitoning children with CP, there are positive ecological time trends in performance-related fitness, but not in VO2peak between 2004 and 2014. The substantial higher body mass and BMI is alarming and requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maremka Zwinkels
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Tim Takken
- Child Development and Exercise Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thijs Ruyten
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Visser-Meily
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science and Sports, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf Verschuren
- Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine and Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Willis CE, Reid S, Elliott C, Nyquist A, Jahnsen R, Rosenberg M, Girdler S. 'It's important that we learn too': Empowering parents to facilitate participation in physical activity for children and youth with disabilities. Scand J Occup Ther 2017; 26:135-148. [PMID: 28927322 DOI: 10.1080/11038128.2017.1378367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM The actions and behaviors of parents have been identified as key factors that influence a child's participation in physical activity. However, there is limited knowledge of how parents can be supported to embody facilitative roles. This study aimed to explore how an ecological intervention encourages parents of children with disabilities to develop as facilitators, to enable ongoing physical activity participation in a child's local environment. METHODS A qualitative design using grounded theory was employed. Forty four parents (26 mothers, 18 fathers) of 31 children with a range of disabilities (mean age 12y 6m (SD 2y 2m); 18 males) partaking in the Local Environment Model intervention at Beitostolen Healthsports Centre in Norway participated in the study. Data were derived from the triangulation of semi-structured interviews and participant observation. Data analysis was an iterative approach of constant comparison, where data collection, memo writing, open, axial and selective coding analysis, were undertaken simultaneously. Findings were consolidated into a model describing the central phenomenon and its relationship to other categories. RESULTS Thematic concepts uncovered in this study describe a social process of parent learning and empowerment, comprising three primary components; (i) active ingredients of the intervention that enabled learning and empowerment to transpire, (ii) parent learning and empowerment as a process, and (iii) related outcomes. CONCLUSION A family-centered approach, encompassing family-to-family support, may enhance physical activity participation outcomes for children and youth with disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Willis
- a School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health , The University of Western Australia , Perth , Australia
| | - Siobhan Reid
- a School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health , The University of Western Australia , Perth , Australia
| | - Catherine Elliott
- b School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work , Curtin University , Perth , Australia.,c Paediatric Rehabilitation and Research , Child and Adolescent Health Service , Perth , Australia
| | - Astrid Nyquist
- d Department of Research , Beitostolen Healthsports Centre , Beitostolen , Norway
| | - Reidun Jahnsen
- d Department of Research , Beitostolen Healthsports Centre , Beitostolen , Norway
| | - Michael Rosenberg
- a School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health , The University of Western Australia , Perth , Australia
| | - Sonya Girdler
- b School of Occupational Therapy and Social Work , Curtin University , Perth , Australia
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Haapala EA, Lankhorst K, de Groot J, Zwinkels M, Verschuren O, Wittink H, Backx FJ, Visser-Meily A, Takken T. The associations of cardiorespiratory fitness, adiposity and sports participation with arterial stiffness in youth with chronic diseases or physical disabilities. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2017; 24:1102-1111. [PMID: 28374647 PMCID: PMC5495431 DOI: 10.1177/2047487317702792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The evidence on the associations of cardiorespiratory fitness, body adiposity and sports participation with arterial stiffness in children and adolescents with chronic diseases or physical disabilities is limited. Methods Altogether 140 children and adolescents with chronic diseases or physical disabilities participated in this cross-sectional study. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using maximal exercise test with respiratory gas analyses either using shuttle run, shuttle ride, or cycle ergometer test. Cardiorespiratory fitness was defined as peak oxygen uptake by body weight or fat-free mass. Body adiposity was assessed using waist circumference, body mass index standard deviation score and body fat percentage. Sports participation was assessed by a questionnaire. Aortic pulse wave velocity and augmentation index were assessed by a non-invasive oscillometric tonometry device. Results Peak oxygen uptake/body weight (standardised regression coefficient β −0.222, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.386 to −0.059, P = 0.002) and peak oxygen uptake/fat-free mass (β −0.173, 95% CI −0.329 to −0.017, P = 0.030) were inversely and waist circumference directly (β 0.245, 95% CI 0.093 to 0.414, P = 0.002) associated with aortic pulse wave velocity. However, the associations of the measures of cardiorespiratory fitness with aortic pulse wave velocity were attenuated after further adjustment for waist circumference. A higher waist circumference (β −0.215, 95% CI −0.381 to −0.049, P = 0.012) and a higher body mass index standard deviation score (β 0.218, 95% CI −0.382 to −0.054, P = 0.010) were related to lower augmentation index. Conclusions Poor cardiorespiratory fitness and higher waist circumference were associated with increased arterial stiffness in children and adolescents with chronic diseases and physical disabilities. The association between cardiorespiratory fitness and arterial stiffness was partly explained by waist circumference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eero A Haapala
- 1 Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.,2 Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Finland.,3 Child Development and Exercise Center, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, the Netherlands
| | - Kristel Lankhorst
- 4 Research Group Lifestyle and Health, University of Applied Sciences, the Netherlands.,5 Partner of Shared Utrecht Pediatric Exercise Research (SUPER) Lab, the Netherlands
| | - Janke de Groot
- 3 Child Development and Exercise Center, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, the Netherlands.,4 Research Group Lifestyle and Health, University of Applied Sciences, the Netherlands.,5 Partner of Shared Utrecht Pediatric Exercise Research (SUPER) Lab, the Netherlands
| | - Maremka Zwinkels
- 5 Partner of Shared Utrecht Pediatric Exercise Research (SUPER) Lab, the Netherlands.,6 Center of Excellence in Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, the Netherlands
| | - Olaf Verschuren
- 5 Partner of Shared Utrecht Pediatric Exercise Research (SUPER) Lab, the Netherlands.,6 Center of Excellence in Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, the Netherlands
| | - Harriet Wittink
- 4 Research Group Lifestyle and Health, University of Applied Sciences, the Netherlands
| | - Frank Jg Backx
- 7 Department of Rehabilitation, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anne Visser-Meily
- 6 Center of Excellence in Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, the Netherlands.,7 Department of Rehabilitation, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tim Takken
- 3 Child Development and Exercise Center, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, the Netherlands.,5 Partner of Shared Utrecht Pediatric Exercise Research (SUPER) Lab, the Netherlands
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Fagher K, Jacobsson J, Timpka T, Dahlström Ö, Lexell J. The Sports-Related Injuries and Illnesses in Paralympic Sport Study (SRIIPSS): a study protocol for a prospective longitudinal study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2016; 8:28. [PMID: 27579170 PMCID: PMC5004301 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-016-0053-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paralympic sport provides sporting opportunities for athletes with a disability, with the Paralympic Games as the main event. Participation in sport is, however, associated with a significant risk for sustaining injuries and illnesses. Our knowledge of sports-related injuries and illnesses in Paralympic sport is very limited and there are no large-scale epidemiological cohort studies. The purpose here is to present a protocol for a prospective longitudinal study: The Sports-Related Injuries and Illnesses in Paralympic Sport Study (SRIIPSS). METHODS/DESIGN An argument-based method for investigation of design problems was used to structure the study protocol. The primary requirement of the protocol is to allow prospective studies over time and include exposure to both training and competition. To reflect the complexity of Paralympic sport with athletes' pre-existing impairments, use of assistive equipment, pain and other and medical issues, it is required that the data collection system is specifically adapted to Paralympic sport. To allow the collection of data, at the same time as there is limited access to coaches and medical personnel, it is advantageous that data can be collected online directly from the athletes. Based on this a self-report athlete monitoring system will be developed, where the athletes can enter data weekly via their mobile phones or lap-tops. Data will be collected from around 100 Swedish Paralympic athletes for approximately 1 year, which will allow us to i) prospectively estimate the annual incidence of sports-related injuries and illnesses and ii) explore risk factors and mechanisms for sustaining sports-related injuries and illnesses based on athlete exposure and training loads. DISCUSSION For effective implementation of injury and illness prevention measures, comprehensive epidemiological knowledge is required. This study will be the first prospective longitudinal self-report study of sports-related injuries and illnesses in Paralympic sport over a longer period of time. The results will eventually contribute to the development of evidence-based preventive measures specifically adapted to Paralympic sport in order to provide safe and healthy sport participation. Thereby, the project will be of relevance for Paralympic athletes at all levels and to the Paralympic Movement. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT02788500; Registration date: 22 May 2016).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Fagher
- Department of Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Medicine Research Group, Lund University, PO Box 157, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Jacobsson
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Athletics Research Center, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Toomas Timpka
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Athletics Research Center, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Örjan Dahlström
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Athletics Research Center, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden ; Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jan Lexell
- Department of Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Medicine Research Group, Lund University, PO Box 157, 221 00 Lund, Sweden ; Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, 221 85 Lund, Sweden ; Department of Health Science, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden
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Lankhorst K, van der Ende-Kastelijn K, de Groot J, Zwinkels M, Verschuren O, Backx F, Visser-Meily A, Takken T. Health in Adapted Youth Sports Study (HAYS): health effects of sports participation in children and adolescents with a chronic disease or physical disability. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:796. [PMID: 26702385 PMCID: PMC4688297 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background In typically developing children, participation in sports has been proven to be positively correlated to both physical and psychosocial health outcomes. In children and adolescents with a physical disability or chronic disease participation in both recreational and competitive sports is often reduced, while for this population an active lifestyle may be even more important in reaching optimal levels of physical and psychosocial health. Therefore, the aim of the Health in Adapted Youth Sports (HAYS) Study is to determine both negative and positive effects of sports on children and adolescents with a chronic disease or physical disability. Methods In this cross-sectional study differences will be compared in regards to physical and psychosocial health, cognitive functioning, school performance, daily physical activity and injuries between children and adolescents with a chronic disease or physical disability who participate in sports and those who do not. Children and adolescents, both ambulatory and wheelchair dependent, in the age of 10–19 years with a physical disability or chronic disease will be included. “Sports” is defined as participation in an organized sport at least two times a week for a duration of 3 months or more prior to the assessment. Parametric and non-parametric statistics will be used to determine the differences between the two groups. Discussion This study provides insight in the effects of sports participation in relation to health, psychosocial functioning, physical activity and school performance in children and adolescents (10–19 years) with a chronic disease or physical disability. Results will guide healthcare professionals working with these children to better guide this population in reaching optimal levels of health and physical activity levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristel Lankhorst
- Research Group Lifestyle and Health, Institute of Human Movement Studies, University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands ; Partner of Shared Utrecht Pediatric Exercise Research (SUPER) Lab, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Karin van der Ende-Kastelijn
- Research Group Lifestyle and Health, Institute of Human Movement Studies, University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands ; Partner of Shared Utrecht Pediatric Exercise Research (SUPER) Lab, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Janke de Groot
- Research Group Lifestyle and Health, Institute of Human Movement Studies, University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, The Netherlands ; Partner of Shared Utrecht Pediatric Exercise Research (SUPER) Lab, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maremka Zwinkels
- Partner of Shared Utrecht Pediatric Exercise Research (SUPER) Lab, Utrecht, The Netherlands ; Brain Center Rudolf Magnus and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf Verschuren
- Partner of Shared Utrecht Pediatric Exercise Research (SUPER) Lab, Utrecht, The Netherlands ; Brain Center Rudolf Magnus and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands ; Department of Rehabilitation, Nursing Science and Sports, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Backx
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nursing Science and Sports, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Visser-Meily
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus and Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Medical Center Utrecht and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, The Netherlands ; Department of Rehabilitation, Nursing Science and Sports, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Takken
- Partner of Shared Utrecht Pediatric Exercise Research (SUPER) Lab, Utrecht, The Netherlands ; Child Development and Exercise Center, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 85090, 3508AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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