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Xu C, Huang X, Ma N, Liu Y, Xu A, Zhang X, Li D, Li Y, Zhang W, Wang K. MicroRNA164 Affects Plant Responses to UV Radiation in Perennial Ryegrass. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1242. [PMID: 38732457 PMCID: PMC11085334 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Increasing the ultraviolet radiation (UV) level, particularly UV-B due to damage to the stratospheric ozone layer by human activities, has huge negative effects on plant and animal metabolism. As a widely grown cool-season forage grass and turfgrass in the world, perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is UV-B-sensitive. To study the effects of miR164, a highly conserved microRNA in plants, on perennial ryegrass under UV stress, both OsmiR164a overexpression (OE164) and target mimicry (MIM164) transgenic perennial ryegrass plants were generated using agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and UV-B treatment (~600 μw cm-2) of 7 days was imposed. Morphological and physiological analysis showed that the miR164 gene affected perennial ryegrass UV tolerance negatively, demonstrated by the more scorching leaves, higher leaf electrolyte leakage, and lower relative water content in OE164 than the WT and MIM164 plants after UV stress. The increased UV sensitivity could be partially due to the reduction in antioxidative capacity and the accumulation of anthocyanins. This study indicated the potential of targeting miR164 and/or its targeted genes for the genetic manipulation of UV responses in forage grasses/turfgrasses; further research to reveal the molecular mechanism underlying how miR164 affects plant UV responses is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (X.H.); (N.M.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xin Huang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (X.H.); (N.M.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ning Ma
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (X.H.); (N.M.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanrong Liu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (X.H.); (N.M.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Aijiao Xu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (X.H.); (N.M.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xunzhong Zhang
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;
| | - Dayong Li
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China;
| | - Yue Li
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (X.H.); (N.M.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Wanjun Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (X.H.); (N.M.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (Y.L.)
| | - Kehua Wang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.X.); (X.H.); (N.M.); (Y.L.); (A.X.); (Y.L.)
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Tamburino R, Docimo T, Sannino L, Gualtieri L, Palomba F, Valletta A, Ruocco M, Scotti N. Enzyme-Based Biostimulants Influence Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Lactuca sativa L. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1765. [PMID: 38136636 PMCID: PMC10742310 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Biostimulants (BSs) are natural materials (i.e., organic or inorganic compounds, and/or microorganisms) having beneficial effects on plant growth and productivity, and able to improve resilience/tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore, they represent an innovative alternative to the phyto- and agrochemicals, being environmentally friendly and a valuable tool to cope with extreme climate conditions. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of several biomolecules (i.e., Xylanase, β-Glucosidase, Chitinase, and Tramesan), alone or in combinations, on lettuce plant growth and quality. With this aim, the influence of these biomolecules on biomass, pigment content, and antioxidant properties in treated plants were investigated. Our results showed that Xylanase and, to a lesser extent, β-Glucosidase, have potentially biostimulant activity for lettuce cultivation, positively influencing carotenoids, total polyphenols, and ascorbic acid contents; similar effects were found with respect to antioxidative properties. Furthermore, the effect of the more promising molecules (Xylanase and β-Glucosidase) was also evaluated in kiwifruit cultured cells to test their putative role as sustainable input for plant cell biofactories. The absence of phytotoxic effects of both molecules at low doses (0.1 and 0.01 µM), and the significantly enhanced cell biomass growth, indicates a positive impact on kiwifruit cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachele Tamburino
- Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse (CNR-IBBR), 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.T.); (T.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Teresa Docimo
- Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse (CNR-IBBR), 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.T.); (T.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Lorenza Sannino
- Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse (CNR-IBBR), 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.T.); (T.D.); (L.S.)
| | - Liberata Gualtieri
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (CNR-IPSP), 80055 Portici, Italy; (L.G.); (F.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Francesca Palomba
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (CNR-IPSP), 80055 Portici, Italy; (L.G.); (F.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Alessio Valletta
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Michelina Ruocco
- Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (CNR-IPSP), 80055 Portici, Italy; (L.G.); (F.P.); (M.R.)
| | - Nunzia Scotti
- Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse (CNR-IBBR), 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.T.); (T.D.); (L.S.)
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Iannelli MA, Nicolodi C, Coraggio I, Fabriani M, Baldoni E, Frugis G. A Novel Role of Medicago truncatula KNAT3/4/5-like Class 2 KNOX Transcription Factors in Drought Stress Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12668. [PMID: 37628847 PMCID: PMC10454132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Class 2 KNOX homeobox transcription factors (KNOX2) play a role in promoting cell differentiation in several plant developmental processes. In Arabidopsis, they antagonize the meristematic KNOX1 function during leaf development through the modulation of phytohormones. In Medicago truncatula, three KNOX2 genes belonging to the KNAT3/4/5-like subclass (Mt KNAT3/4/5-like or MtKNOX3-like) redundantly works upstream of a cytokinin-signaling module to control the symbiotic root nodule formation. Their possible role in the response to abiotic stress is as-of-yet unknown. We produced transgenic M. truncatula lines, in which the expression of four MtKNOX3-like genes was knocked down by RNA interference. When tested for response to water withdrawal in the soil, RNAi lines displayed a lower tolerance to drought conditions compared to the control lines, measured as increased leaf water loss, accelerated leaf wilting time, and faster chlorophyll loss. Reanalysis of a transcriptomic M. truncatula drought stress experiment via cluster analysis and gene co-expression networks pointed to a possible role of MtKNOX3-like transcription factors in repressing a proline dehydrogenase gene (MtPDH), specifically at 4 days after water withdrawal. Proline measurement and gene expression analysis of transgenic RNAi plants compared to the controls confirmed the role of KNOX3-like genes in inhibiting proline degradation through the regulation of the MtPDH gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Adelaide Iannelli
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Rome Unit, Via Salaria Km. 29,300, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Roma, Italy; (M.A.I.); (C.N.); (I.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Chiara Nicolodi
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Rome Unit, Via Salaria Km. 29,300, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Roma, Italy; (M.A.I.); (C.N.); (I.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Immacolata Coraggio
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Rome Unit, Via Salaria Km. 29,300, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Roma, Italy; (M.A.I.); (C.N.); (I.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Marco Fabriani
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Rome Unit, Via Salaria Km. 29,300, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Roma, Italy; (M.A.I.); (C.N.); (I.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Elena Baldoni
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Frugis
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Rome Unit, Via Salaria Km. 29,300, Monterotondo Scalo, 00015 Roma, Italy; (M.A.I.); (C.N.); (I.C.); (M.F.)
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Székely Á, Szalóki T, Jancsó M, Pauk J, Lantos C. Temporal Changes of Leaf Spectral Properties and Rapid Chlorophyll-A Fluorescence under Natural Cold Stress in Rice Seedlings. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2415. [PMID: 37446976 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, hyperspectral remote sensing data are widely used in nutrient management, crop yield forecasting and stress monitoring. These data can be acquired with satellites, drones and handheld spectrometers. In this research, handheld spectrometer data were validated by chlorophyll-a fluorescence measurements under natural cold stress. The performance of 16 rice cultivars with different origins and tolerances was monitored in the seedling stage. The studies were carried out under field conditions across two seasons to simulate different temperature regimes. Twenty-four spectral indices and eleven rapid chlorophyll-a fluorescence parameters were compared with albino plants. We identified which wavelengths are affected by low temperatures. Furthermore, the differences between genotypes were characterized by certain well-known and two newly developed (AAR and RAR) indices based on the spectral difference between the genotype and albino plant. The absorbance, reflectance and transmittance differences from the control are suitable for the discrimination of tolerant-sensitive varieties, especially based on their shape, peak and shifting distance. The following wavelengths are capable of determining the tolerant varieties, namely 548-553 nm, 667-670 nm, 687-688 nm and 800-950 nm in case of absorbance; above 700 nm for reflectance; and the whole spectrum (400-1100 nm) for transmittance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Árpád Székely
- Research Centre for Irrigation and Water Management, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Anna-Liget Str. 35, H-5540 Szarvas, Hungary
| | - Tímea Szalóki
- Research Centre for Irrigation and Water Management, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Anna-Liget Str. 35, H-5540 Szarvas, Hungary
| | - Mihály Jancsó
- Research Centre for Irrigation and Water Management, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Anna-Liget Str. 35, H-5540 Szarvas, Hungary
| | - János Pauk
- Cereal Research Non-Profit Company, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Lantos
- Cereal Research Non-Profit Company, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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Kuanar SR, Sarkar RK, Panigrahi R, Mohapatra PK. Introgression of SUB1 aggravates the susceptibility of the popular rice cultivars Swarna and Savitri to stagnant flooding. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9032. [PMID: 37270542 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35251-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification of the Sub1 gene for tolerance to flash flooding and its introgression into high-yielding rice cultivars are major targets in rice breeding for flood-prone rice agro-ecosystems for ensuring yield stability. However, knowledge is scant on the response of the modified genotypes under stagnant flooding (SF) to meet the challenge of finding a superior allele that may confer greater resilience to the plant under a stress-prone environment. In pursuance, we have tested the response of Sub1-introgression in two popular rice varieties, Swarna and Savitri to SF by comparing the biochemical factors in the control of flag leaf senescence and its primary production mechanisms of the parental lines' versus Sub1-introgressed lines. The activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GR), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) increased while various parameters of primary production like total chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance (gs), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and photosynthetic activity (Pn) decreased progressively with passage of time in the flag leaf of the cultivars during the post-anthesis period and SF-treatment increased the enzyme activity while depressing primary production further. Introgression of Sub1 had no influence on these activities under control conditions but widened the margin of effects under SF. It was concluded that the functional ability of flag leaf in mega rice cultivars like Swarna and Savitri decreased significantly by SF because of an ethylene-mediated promotion of senescence of the flag leaf. The enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activity by SF could not sustain the stability of primary production in the flag leaf. The introgression of the Sub1 gene made the cultivars more vulnerable to SF because the gene induced overexpression of ethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Rani Kuanar
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
- Anchal College, Padampur, 768036, India
| | | | - Rashmi Panigrahi
- School of Life Science, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Sambalpur, 768019, India
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Pineda M, Barón M. Assessment of Black Rot in Oilseed Rape Grown under Climate Change Conditions Using Biochemical Methods and Computer Vision. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1322. [PMID: 36987010 PMCID: PMC10058869 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Global warming is a challenge for plants and pathogens, involving profound changes in the physiology of both contenders to adapt to the new environmental conditions and to succeed in their interaction. Studies have been conducted on the behavior of oilseed rape plants and two races (1 and 4) of the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) and their interaction to anticipate our response in the possible future climate. Symptoms caused by both races of Xcc were very similar to each other under any climatic condition assayed, although the bacterial count from infected leaves differed for each race. Climate change caused an earlier onset of Xcc symptoms by at least 3 days, linked to oxidative stress and a change in pigment composition. Xcc infection aggravated the leaf senescence already induced by climate change. To identify Xcc-infected plants early under any climatic condition, four classifying algorithms were trained with parameters obtained from the images of green fluorescence, two vegetation indices and thermography recorded on Xcc-symptomless leaves. Classification accuracies were above 0.85 out of 1.0 in all cases, with k-nearest neighbor analysis and support vector machines performing best under the tested climatic conditions.
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Wei L, Wang D, Gupta R, Kim ST, Wang Y. A Proteomics Insight into Advancements in the Rice-Microbe Interaction. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12051079. [PMID: 36903938 PMCID: PMC10005616 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Rice is one of the most-consumed foods worldwide. However, the productivity and quality of rice grains are severely constrained by pathogenic microbes. Over the last few decades, proteomics tools have been applied to investigate the protein level changes during rice-microbe interactions, leading to the identification of several proteins involved in disease resistance. Plants have developed a multi-layered immune system to suppress the invasion and infection of pathogens. Therefore, targeting the proteins and pathways associated with the host's innate immune response is an efficient strategy for developing stress-resistant crops. In this review, we discuss the progress made thus far with respect to rice-microbe interactions from side views of the proteome. Genetic evidence associated with pathogen-resistance-related proteins is also presented, and challenges and future perspectives are highlighted in order to understand the complexity of rice-microbe interactions and to develop disease-resistant crops in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dacheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ravi Gupta
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Tae Kim
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Yiming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Disease and Pests, Ministry of Education, Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Mmbando GS, Ando S, Takahashi H, Hidema J. High ultraviolet-B sensitivity due to lower CPD photolyase activity is needed for biotic stress response to the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae. PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN PHOTOCHEMISTRY ASSOCIATION AND THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR PHOTOBIOLOGY 2023:10.1007/s43630-023-00379-4. [PMID: 36729358 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00379-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Sensitivity to ultraviolet-B (UVB, 280-315 nm) radiation varies widely among rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars due to differences in the activity of cyclobutane pyrimidines dimer (CPD) photolyase. Interestingly, cultivars with high UVB sensitivity and low CPD photolyase activity have been domesticated in tropical areas with high UVB radiation. Here, we investigated how differences in CPD photolyase activity affect plant resistance to the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, which is one of the other major stresses. We used Asian and African rice cultivars and transgenic lines with different CPD photolyase activities to evaluate the interaction effects of CPD photolyase activity on resistance to M. oryzae. In UVB-resistant rice plants overexpressing CPD photolyase, 12 h of low-dose UVB (0.4 W m-2) pretreatment enhanced sensitivity to M. oryzae. In contrast, UVB-sensitive rice (transgenic rice with antisense CPD photolyase, A-S; and rice cultivars with low CPD photolyase activity) showed resistance to M. oryzae. Several defense-related genes were upregulated in UVB-sensitive rice compared to UVB-resistant rice. UVB-pretreated A-S plants showed decreased multicellular infection and robust accumulation of reactive oxygen species. High UVB-induced CPD accumulation promoted defense responses and cross-protection mechanisms against rice blast disease. This may indicate a trade-off between high UVB sensitivity and biotic stress tolerance in tropical rice cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon S Mmbando
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan.,Department of Biology, College of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, University of Dodoma, P. O. Box 256, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Sugihiro Ando
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Hideki Takahashi
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8572, Japan
| | - Jun Hidema
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan.
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Patlavath R, Pillai SE, Gandhi D, Albert S. Cajanus cajan shows multiple novel adaptations in response to regular mechanical stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2022; 135:809-821. [PMID: 36241771 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-022-01414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cajanus cajan is one of the least studied crop plants regarding its responses to stress conditions. Regular mechanical stress suppresses plant physiology and growth at the cellular and systemic levels. In the current study, we have explored morphological, physiological, and anatomical adaptations of C. cajan seedlings to regular mechanical stress. Young seedlings of C. cajan were given mechanical stress in the form of touch for fifteen days and observed for various changes. Touch stimuli caused an immediate release of oxidative burst, suppressed plant growth, increased compactness of the stem tissue, and altered the chlorophyll a/b ratio. We have also identified two novel phenotypes; regular touch stimuli affected the nyctinasty movements of the leaves and also affected the root nodule development. We have identified and studied the expression of four putative touch responsive calcium binding genes, TCH gene homologs, in C. cajan using Arabidopsis TCH gene sequences. At an early time point, the expression of two TCH gene homologs (CcTCH1-1 and CcTCH2-2) were found to be upregulated. This study unravels the novel adaptation displayed by C. cajan in response to mechanical stress that can be used as a phenotypic marker for future studies in this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinayak Patlavath
- Department of Botany, The M S University of Baroda, 390 002, Vadodara, India.
| | | | - Dhara Gandhi
- Department of Botany, The M S University of Baroda, 390 002, Vadodara, India
| | - Susy Albert
- Department of Botany, The M S University of Baroda, 390 002, Vadodara, India
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Henschel JM, Dantas EFO, Soares VDA, Santos SKD, Santos LWOD, Dias TJ, Batista DS. Salicylic acid mitigates the effects of mild drought stress on radish ( Raphanus sativus) growth. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2022; 49:822-831. [PMID: 35697057 DOI: 10.1071/fp22040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Water deficit is the most critical factor limiting plant growth and production and salicylic acid (SA) has potential for stress mitigation in plants; therefore, we evaluated the effect of SA on radish (Raphanus sativus L.) growth and ecophysiology under water deficit. Plants were sprayed with SA (100μM) or water (control), and irrigated at 80% (W80), 60% (W60), 40% (W40), and 20% (W20) of field capacity. The SA treatments and drought stress started 7days after sowing and lasted until the end of the cycle (30days after sowing). The morphophysiological analyses showed that radish plants had impaired growth at the lower water supply levels, but the treatment with SA reversed these growth restraints under moderate stress, leading to increases in shoot mass at W40 and storage root mass at W60 and W40. SA treatment also reversed the reduction of storage root volume at W60. The tendency of water deficit to increase F O and reduce F V /F M suggests possible damage to the photosystem II of drought-stressed plants. The parameters of gas exchange and photosynthetic pigments showed maintained photosynthetic efficiency, but total photosynthesis decreased due the lower shoot dry mass. Overall, exogenously applied SA reversed the growth restraints at W60 and W40, which revealed that SA was effective in mitigating the effects of moderate water deficit on biomass accumulation and partitioning in radish plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Maciel Henschel
- Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Paraíba, Bananeiras, PB 58220-000, Brazil; and Graduate Program in Agronomy (PPGA), Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, PB 58397-000, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Thiago Jardelino Dias
- Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Paraíba, Bananeiras, PB 58220-000, Brazil; and Graduate Program in Agronomy (PPGA), Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, PB 58397-000, Brazil
| | - Diego Silva Batista
- Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Paraíba, Bananeiras, PB 58220-000, Brazil; and Graduate Program in Agronomy (PPGA), Federal University of Paraíba, Areia, PB 58397-000, Brazil
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Das A, Roy S, Upadhyaya G, Agarwal T, Ray S. NBS1 protein from Physcomitrium patens confers protection against oxidative damage by limiting the accumulation of cellular reactive oxygen species. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 180:81-90. [PMID: 35398654 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1 (NBS1) protein is a core member of the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex that plays a crucial role in DNA damage sensing and repair in plants. Here we report that NBS1 from moss Physcomitrium patens reduces oxidative damage by lowering the cellular ROS in addition to its known role in oxidative DNA damage recovery. Real-time transcript analysis showed up-regulation of the PpNBS1 transcript under different stress conditions. Bacterial cells showed better cell survivability upon over-expressing PpNBS1 protein as compared to untransformed cells. Likewise, overexpression of PpNBS1 in tobacco plants provides improved protection against oxidative damage and exhibited a lesser amount of ROS upon exposure to oxidative stress. Moreover, PpNBS1 contributes to the antioxidant defense mechanism by positively regulating the expression of the antioxidant genes under stress conditions in transgenic tobacco plants. PpNBS1 expressing transgenic tobacco plants resulted in lesser membrane damage, lower lipid peroxidation level, and higher chlorophyll content under stress conditions. Taken together, we conclude in addition to its known role as DNA damage sensor, PpNBS1 also plays a definite role in oxidative stress mitigation by minimizing ROS accumulation in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arup Das
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Shuddhanjali Roy
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Gouranga Upadhyaya
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Tanushree Agarwal
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sudipta Ray
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
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12
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Larsen DH, Li H, van de Peppel AC, Nicole CCS, Marcelis LFM, Woltering EJ. High light intensity at End-Of-Production improves the nutritional value of basil but does not affect postharvest chilling tolerance. Food Chem 2022; 369:130913. [PMID: 34481404 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Basil suffers from chilling injury (CI) when stored at temperatures below 10-12 °C which seems related to the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. We hypothesized that increased light intensity applied shortly before harvest (EOP, End-Of-Production) increases nutritional value i.e. carbohydrates and antioxidants and could improve the chilling tolerance. Two basil cultivars were grown in a vertical farming set-up at a light intensity of 150 µmol m-2 s-1. During the last 5 days of growth, EOP light treatments ranging from 50 to 600 µmol m-2 s-1 were applied. After harvest the leaves were stored at 4 or 12 °C in darkness. Higher EOP light intensity increased the antioxidant (total ascorbic acid, rosmarinic acid) and carbohydrate contents at harvest. During storage antioxidants decreased more rapidly at 4 than at 12 °C. However, increased EOP light intensity did not alleviate chilling symptoms suggesting a minor role of antioxidants studied against chilling stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorthe H Larsen
- Horticulture and Product Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16 6700AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hua Li
- Horticulture and Product Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16 6700AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Arjen C van de Peppel
- Horticulture and Product Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16 6700AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Leo F M Marcelis
- Horticulture and Product Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16 6700AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ernst J Woltering
- Horticulture and Product Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16 6700AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Food & Biobased Research, P.O. Box 17 6700AA, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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13
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Ercan I, Tombuloglu H, Alqahtani N, Alotaibi B, Bamhrez M, Alshumrani R, Ozcelik S, Kayed TS. Magnetic field effects on the magnetic properties, germination, chlorophyll fluorescence, and nutrient content of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 170:36-48. [PMID: 34844116 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic field (MF) interacts with biological systems and has the potential to increase germination, plant growth and productivity. Although it is known as a low cost and promising approach, the mechanism that increases growth is not fully understood yet. In this study, the effect of different MF strengths (20, 42, 125, and 250 mT) was investigated on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). In addition to phenological parameters, possible cell damage, electron transport rate, chlorophyll fluorescence, magnetic character and elemental status of tissues were determined. Results showed that lower strengths (≤125 mT) of MF treatment improve germination. Confocal microscopy analyzes revealed MF-induced cell membrane damage in roots that could alter the elemental content of tissues. Elemental analyzes found that the content of macroelements (Ca, Mg, P, and K) are gradually reduced with increasing MF forces; in opposite the microelement contents (Fe, B, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Mo) are increased in roots. Diamagnetism is the dominant magnetic character in all root and leaf samples. However, the roots became surprisingly superparamagnetic in 250 mT application. It seems that MF treatment at higher strength (250 mT in this study) could influence the orientation of magnetic moments. These findings suggest that MF application: i) can alter the magnetic character of plants, ii) enhances the germination, photosynthetic machinery, and growth, and iii) affects the nutrient uptake and abundance in tissues, depending on the MF strength. This comprehensive study can help in understanding the interaction of magnetic field with plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Ercan
- Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 34221, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Huseyin Tombuloglu
- Department of Genetics Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 34221, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha Alqahtani
- Department of Genetics Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 34221, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bayan Alotaibi
- Department of Genetics Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 34221, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muruj Bamhrez
- Department of Genetics Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 34221, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raghdah Alshumrani
- Department of Genetics Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 34221, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sezen Ozcelik
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hakkari University, 30000, Hakkari, Turkey
| | - Tarek Said Kayed
- Department of Basic Engineering Sciences, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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Upadhyaya G, Das A, Ray S. A rice R2R3-MYB (OsC1) transcriptional regulator improves oxidative stress tolerance by modulating anthocyanin biosynthesis. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:2334-2349. [PMID: 34625959 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The R2R3 type MYB transcription factors participate in controlling flavonoid production in plants, including anthocyanin and proanthocyanin. Black rice with high anthocyanin content is an important candidate for understanding R2R3-MYB-based regulation of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway (ABP). This study was undertaken to draw the functional relationship of an R2R3-MYB protein with anthocyanin biosynthesis and oxidative stress tolerance in plants. The expression levels of the late ABP genes in the panicle stage of black rice were in good agreement with the accumulation of anthocyanin, especially cyanidin 3-glucoside. Among all MYB genes present in rice, an R2R3 type (C1) regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis and was studied further. The positive correlation between the expression of ABP genes and OsC1 along with the nuclear localization of OsC1 are in line with its possible involvement as a transcriptional regulator of ABP genes. Interestingly, OsC1 overexpressed in white rice plants triggered anthocyanin production through augmentation of the transcript level of late ABP genes. Moreover, OsC1-transformed plants exhibited a lower amount of reactive oxygen species upon exposure to oxidative stress. The increased anthocyanin content in white rice seedlings resulted in higher photosynthetic efficiency, less membrane damage and consequently lower oxidative stress. The OsC1 transcriptional regulator helps to ameliorate oxidative stresses in plants owing to its anthocyanin modulating ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouranga Upadhyaya
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Arup Das
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Sudipta Ray
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
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15
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Umpierrez-Failache M, Rahim AA, Betancor L, Ghoshal S. Oryza sativa as a tool for assessing arsenic efficacy of arsenic remediation of agricultural soils by sulfidated zerovalent iron nanoparticles. IEEE Trans Nanobioscience 2021; 21:157-165. [PMID: 34398760 DOI: 10.1109/tnb.2021.3105281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is highly toxic in its inorganic form. It is naturally presented at elevated levels in the groundwater of a number of countries and contaminates drinking water sources, generating numerous health and environmental problems. Current methodologies for its remediation have deficiencies which fuel the constant exploration of new alternatives. Therefore, the development of robust methodologies for the evaluation of potential remediation technologies are not only timely but also highly needed. In this study we have investigated the use of a rice plant species as a means to evaluate the efficacy of As remediation using sulfidated zerovalent iron nanoparticles (S-nZVI). The obtained results show that addition of S-nZVI to soils had a beneficial impact to plant growth in the presence of As(V) and As(III) concentrations between 10 and 50 ppm. Positive effects were also found for plant biomass and chlorophyll content in the plants. Moreover, evaluation of As uptake by plants showed that the application of S-nZVI reduced the amount of both As(V) and As(III) in shoots and increased the amount of As in the roots. Studies on the Fe and P content in shoot and root after exposure to As with and without the nanoparticles demonstrated that nanoparticles remain mainly in the roots and that P uptake by plants was not significantly affected, suggesting that S-nZVI treatment is safe for plants at the assayed doses. These results overall confirm the method as robust and reliable for demonstrating the reduction of the bioavailability of As in soil by S-nZVI sequestration.
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Ma K, Zhang W, Zhang L, He X, Fan Y, Alam S, Yuan X. Effect of Pyrazosulfuron-Methyl on the Photosynthetic Characteristics and Antioxidant Systems of Foxtail Millet. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:696169. [PMID: 34421947 PMCID: PMC8375152 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.696169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Foxtail millet (Setaria Italica L.) plays a principal role in food security in Africa and Asia, but it is sensitive to a variety of herbicides. This study was performed to clarify whether pyrazosulfuron-methyl can be used in foxtail millet fields and the effect of pyrazosulfuron-methyl on the photosynthetic performance of foxtail millet. Two foxtail millet varieties (Jingu 21 and Zhangzagu 10) were subjected to five doses (0, 15, 30, 60, and 120 g ai ha-1) of pyrazosulfuron-methyl in pot and field experiments. The plant height, leaf area, stem diameter, photosynthetic pigment contents, gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities, and antioxidant contents at 7 and 15 days after pyrazosulfuron-methyl application, and the yield of foxtail millet were measured. The results suggested that pyrazosulfuron-methyl inhibited the growth of foxtail millet and reduced the photosynthetic pigment contents, photosynthetic rate, and photosynthetic system II activity. Similarly, pyrazosulfuron-methyl decreased the antioxidant enzyme activities and antioxidant contents. These results also indicated that the toxicity of pyrazosulfuron-methyl to foxtail millet was decreased gradually with the extension of time after application; however, the foxtail millet yield was still significantly reduced. Therefore, pyrazosulfuron-methyl is not recommended for application in foxtail millet fields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiangyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (in Preparation), College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, China
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17
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Kumar U, Kaviraj M, Rout S, Chakraborty K, Swain P, Nayak PK, Nayak AK. Combined application of ascorbic acid and endophytic N-fixing Azotobacter chroococcum Avi2 modulates photosynthetic efficacy, antioxidants and growth-promotion in rice under moisture deficit stress. Microbiol Res 2021; 250:126808. [PMID: 34146939 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This group has previously reported the role of ascorbic acid (AA) as an antioxidant for survivability and ability to enhancing diazotrophic efficacy in Azotobacter chroococcum Avi2 under hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stress. However, the present study showed the combined application of AA and Avi2 in drought-susceptible (IR64 and Naveen) and drought-tolerant (Ankit and Satyabhama) rice cultivars to determine their photosynthetic efficacy (chlorophyll fluorescence-imaging), antioxidants, and plant growth-promotion (PGP) under moisture deficit stress (MS, -60 kPa). The results indicated that combined application of AA and Avi2 significantly (p < 0.05) increased the total chlorophyll, relative water content, electrolytic leakage, super oxide dismutase, and catalase activities in all rice cultivars as compared to other MS treatments, whereas stress indicators like proline and H2O2 contents were proportionally increased under MS and their concentration were normalized under combined application of AA and Avi2. Photochemical quenching, non-photochemical quenching, photosynthetic electron transport rate, and the effective quantum efficiency were found to be increased significantly (p < 0.05) in Avi2 + AA as compared to other MS treatments. Moreover, rice roots harbored significantly (p < 0.05) higher copy number of nifH gene in Avi2 + AA treatment followed by Avi2 compared to flooded control and other MS treatments. Combined application of AA and Avi2 also increased the grain yield significantly (p < 0.05) by 7.09 % and 3.92 % in drought-tolerant (Ankit and Satyabhama, respectively) and 31.70 % and 34.19 % in drought-susceptible (IR64 and Naveen, respectively) rice cultivars compared to MS treatment. Overall, the present study indicated that AA along with Avi2 could be an effective formulation to alleviate MS vis à vis enhances PGP traits in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upendra Kumar
- ICAR- National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India.
| | - Megha Kaviraj
- ICAR- National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - Snehasini Rout
- ICAR- National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - K Chakraborty
- ICAR- National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - P Swain
- ICAR- National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - P K Nayak
- ICAR- National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - A K Nayak
- ICAR- National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
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18
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The Alleviation of Photosynthetic Damage in Tomato under Drought and Cold Stress by High CO 2 and Melatonin. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155587. [PMID: 32759822 PMCID: PMC7432885 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The atmospheric CO2 concentration (a[CO2]) is increasing at an unprecedented pace. Exogenous melatonin plays positive roles in the response of plants to abiotic stresses, including drought and cold. The effect of elevated CO2 concentration (e[CO2]) accompanied by exogenous melatonin on plants under drought and cold stresses remains unknown. Here, tomato plants were grown under a[CO2] and e[CO2], with half of the plants pre-treated with melatonin. The plants were subsequently treated with drought stress followed by cold stress. The results showed that a decreased net photosynthetic rate (PN) was aggravated by a prolonged water deficit. The PN was partially restored after recovery from drought but stayed low under a successive cold stress. Starch content was downregulated by drought but upregulated by cold. The e[CO2] enhanced PN of the plants under non-stressed conditions, and moderate drought and recovery but not severe drought. Stomatal conductance (gs) and the transpiration rate (E) was less inhibited by drought under e[CO2] than under a[CO2]. Tomato grown under e[CO2] had better leaf cooling than under a[CO2] when subjected to drought. Moreover, melatonin enhanced PN during recovery from drought and cold stress, and enhanced biomass accumulation in tomato under e[CO2]. The chlorophyll a content in plants treated with melatonin was higher than in non-treated plants under e[CO2] during cold stress. Our findings will improve the knowledge on plant responses to abiotic stresses in a future [CO2]-rich environment accompanied by exogenous melatonin.
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19
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Zhou R, Yu X, Wen J, Jensen NB, Dos Santos TM, Wu Z, Rosenqvist E, Ottosen CO. Interactive effects of elevated CO 2 concentration and combined heat and drought stress on tomato photosynthesis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:260. [PMID: 32505202 PMCID: PMC7276063 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02457-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extreme weather events are predicted to increase, such as combined heat and drought. The CO2 concentration ([CO2]) is predicted to approximately double by 2100. We aim to explore how tomato physiology, especially photosynthesis, is affected by combined heat and drought under elevated [CO2] (e [CO2]). RESULTS Two genotypes, 'OuBei' ('OB', Solanum lycopersicum) and 'LA2093' (S. pimpinellifolium) were grown at a [CO2] (atmospheric [CO2], 400 ppm) and e [CO2] (800 ppm), respectively. The 27-days-old seedlings were treated at 1) a [CO2], 2) a [CO2] + combined stress, 3) e [CO2] and 4) e [CO2] + combined stress, followed by recovery. The PN (net photosynthetic rate) increased at e [CO2] as compared with a [CO2] and combined stress inhibited the PN. Combined stress decreased the Fv/Fm (maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II) of 'OB' at e [CO2] and that of 'LA2093' in regardless of [CO2]. Genotypic difference was observed in the e [CO2] effect on the gas exchange, carbohydrate accumulation, pigment content and dry matter accumulation. CONCLUSIONS Short-term combined stress caused reversible damage on tomato while the e [CO2] alleviated the damage on photosynthesis. However, the e [CO2] cannot be always assumed have positive effects on plant growth during stress due to increased water consumption. This study provided insights into the physiological effects of e [CO2] on tomato growth under combined stress and contributed to tomato breeding and management under climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhou
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Xiaqing Yu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junqin Wen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | | | | | - Zhen Wu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Eva Rosenqvist
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Taastrup, Denmark
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Yeung E, Bailey-Serres J, Sasidharan R. After The Deluge: Plant Revival Post-Flooding. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 24:443-454. [PMID: 30857921 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Increasing flooding events have detrimentally impacted food security amid a growing global population. Complete submergence of plants represents the most severe flooding stress and studies have identified underwater responses to low oxygen and light availability. However, knowledge on plant responses during the post-submergence phase is limited. It is important to consider how plants can resume vegetative growth after enduring submergence and post-submergence stress. This review highlights current knowledge on physiological and molecular adaptations following desubmergence. Interplays of reactive oxygen species (ROS), energy depletion, photoinhibition, desiccation stress, and hormonal signaling have been characterized as components of the post-submergence stress response. Active elucidation of key genes and traits enhancing post-submergence adaptations is highly relevant for the improvement of submergence tolerance and ultimately crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Yeung
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Plant Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK
| | - Julia Bailey-Serres
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Center for Plant Cell Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of Riverside, CA, USA. https://twitter.com/@jnbserres
| | - Rashmi Sasidharan
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. https://twitter.com/@R_Sasidharan
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Šiukšta R, Bondzinskaitė S, Kleizaitė V, Žvingila D, Taraškevičius R, Mockeliūnas L, Stapulionytė A, Mak K, Čėsnienė T. Response of Tradescantia plants to oxidative stress induced by heavy metal pollution of soils from industrial areas. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:44-61. [PMID: 30276686 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Numerous investigations have demonstrated that even soil in which concentrations of individual elements do not exceed permissible limits can cause harmful effects in living organisms. In the present study, polluted-soil-induced oxidative stress was evaluated using Tradescantia clone 4430, which is widely used for genotoxicity evaluations, employing biochemical (superoxide dismutase (SOD), contents of ascorbic acid (AA), carotenoids (Car), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), chlorophyll (Chl) a/b ratio), and molecular (RAPD and differential display (DD-PCR)) markers after long-term exposure. The activity (staining intensity) of SOD isoforms in Tradescantia leaves was higher in plants grown in all heavy-metal-polluted test soils compared to the control. No direct link between the soil pollution category and the contents of AA, Car, Chl a/b in Tradescantia leaves was revealed, but the concentration of H2O2 was shown to be a sensitive biochemical indicator that may appropriately reflect the soil contamination level. Both short-term (treatment of cuttings with H2O extracts of soil) and long-term (0.5 and 1.0 year) exposure increased MN frequencies, but the coincidence of the MN induction and the soil pollution level was observed only in some cases of long-term exposure. Soil (geno)toxin-induced polymorphism in the RAPD profile was determined with two primers in plants after long-term exposure to soils of an extremely hazard category. Transcript profiling of plants after long-term cultivation in test soils using DD-PCR showed that the majority of differentially expressed transcript-derived fragments (TDFs) were homologous to genes directly or indirectly participating in photosynthesis, the abiotic stress response, and signal transduction cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimondas Šiukšta
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekis Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania.
- Botanical Garden of Vilnius University, Kairėnai Str. 43, LT-10239, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Skaistė Bondzinskaitė
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekis Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Violeta Kleizaitė
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekis Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Donatas Žvingila
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekis Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ričardas Taraškevičius
- Nature Research Centre, Institute of Geology and Geography, Akademija Str. 2, LT-08412, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Laurynas Mockeliūnas
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekis Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Asta Stapulionytė
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekis Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kristina Mak
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekis Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Tatjana Čėsnienė
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekis Ave. 7, LT-10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
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