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Shafe MO, Gumede NM, Nyakudya TT, Chivandi E. Lycopene: A Potent Antioxidant with Multiple Health Benefits. J Nutr Metab 2024; 2024:6252426. [PMID: 38883868 PMCID: PMC11179732 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6252426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Lycopene is a naturally occurring carotenoid predominantly found in tomatoes and tomato-based products. Like other phytochemicals, it exhibits health beneficial biological activities that can be exploited when it is used as a dietary supplement. In vitro and in vivo, lycopene has been demonstrated to mitigate oxidative stress-induced metabolic dysfunctions and diseases including inflammation, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. Lycopene has been shown to alleviate metabolic diseases that affect the bone, eye, kidney, liver, lungs, heart, and nervous system. This review presents the state of the art regarding lycopene's health benefits and its potential applications in health system delivery. Furthermore, lycopene's protective effects against toxins, safety in its use, and possible toxicity are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy Omoye Shafe
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, Bingham University, P.M.B. 005, New Karu, Nasarawa 961002, Nigeria
| | - Nontobeko Myllet Gumede
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Gezina, Pretoria 0031, South Africa
| | - Trevor Tapiwa Nyakudya
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X323, Gezina, Pretoria 0031, South Africa
| | - Eliton Chivandi
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
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2
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Gao S, Wang T, Han Z, Hu Y, Zhu P, Xue Y, Huang C, Chen Y, Liu G. Interpretation of 10 years of Alzheimer's disease genetic findings in the perspective of statistical heterogeneity. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae140. [PMID: 38711368 PMCID: PMC11074593 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Common genetic variants and susceptibility loci associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been discovered through large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS), GWAS by proxy (GWAX) and meta-analysis of GWAS and GWAX (GWAS+GWAX). However, due to the very low repeatability of AD susceptibility loci and the low heritability of AD, these AD genetic findings have been questioned. We summarize AD genetic findings from the past 10 years and provide a new interpretation of these findings in the context of statistical heterogeneity. We discovered that only 17% of AD risk loci demonstrated reproducibility with a genome-wide significance of P < 5.00E-08 across all AD GWAS and GWAS+GWAX datasets. We highlighted that the AD GWAS+GWAX with the largest sample size failed to identify the most significant signals, the maximum number of genome-wide significant genetic variants or maximum heritability. Additionally, we identified widespread statistical heterogeneity in AD GWAS+GWAX datasets, but not in AD GWAS datasets. We consider that statistical heterogeneity may have attenuated the statistical power in AD GWAS+GWAX and may contribute to explaining the low repeatability (17%) of genome-wide significant AD susceptibility loci and the decreased AD heritability (40-2%) as the sample size increased. Importantly, evidence supports the idea that a decrease in statistical heterogeneity facilitates the identification of genome-wide significant genetic loci and contributes to an increase in AD heritability. Collectively, current AD GWAX and GWAS+GWAX findings should be meticulously assessed and warrant additional investigation, and AD GWAS+GWAX should employ multiple meta-analysis methods, such as random-effects inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis, which is designed specifically for statistical heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Gao
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, You’an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, No. 26, Kexueyuan Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhifa Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 5, Dongdan Santichao, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yang Hu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92, Xidazhi Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150006, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, You’an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yanli Xue
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, You'an Men Wai, Fengtai District, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida WaiLong, Taipa 999078, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
- Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Guiyou Liu
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, No. 26, Kexueyuan Road, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
- Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, Wannan Medical College, No. 22, Wenchang Road, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
- Key Laboratory of Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong, Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian 271000, Shandong, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Translational Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory of Internet Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
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Anderson EL, Davies NM, Korologou-Linden R, Kivimäki M. Dementia prevention: the Mendelian randomisation perspective. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2024; 95:384-390. [PMID: 37967935 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2023-332293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the causes of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias remains a challenge. Observational studies investigating dementia risk factors are limited by the pervasive issues of confounding, reverse causation and selection biases. Conducting randomised controlled trials for dementia prevention is often impractical due to the long prodromal phase and the inability to randomise many potential risk factors. In this essay, we introduce Mendelian randomisation as an alternative approach to examine factors that may prevent or delay Alzheimer's disease. Mendelian randomisation is a causal inference method that has successfully identified risk factors and treatments in various other fields. However, applying this method to dementia risk factors has yielded unexpected findings. Here, we consider five potential explanations and provide recommendations to enhance causal inference from Mendelian randomisation studies on dementia. By employing these strategies, we can better understand factors affecting dementia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Louise Anderson
- Mental Health of Older People, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
| | - Neil M Davies
- Epidemiology & Applied Clinical Research, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Mika Kivimäki
- Mental Health of Older People, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
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Compton H, Smith ML, Bull C, Korologou-Linden R, Ben-Shlomo Y, Bell JA, Williams DM, Anderson EL. Life course plasma metabolomic signatures of genetic liability to Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3896. [PMID: 38365930 PMCID: PMC10873397 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54569-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms through which most known Alzheimer's disease (AD) loci operate to increase AD risk remain unclear. Although Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is known to regulate lipid homeostasis, the effects of broader AD genetic liability on non-lipid metabolites remain unknown, and the earliest ages at which metabolic perturbations occur and how these change over time are yet to be elucidated. We examined the effects of AD genetic liability on the plasma metabolome across the life course. Using a reverse Mendelian randomization framework in two population-based cohorts [Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC, n = 5648) and UK Biobank (n ≤ 118,466)], we estimated the effects of genetic liability to AD on 229 plasma metabolites, at seven different life stages, spanning 8 to 73 years. We also compared the specific effects of APOE ε4 and APOE ε2 carriage on metabolites. In ALSPAC, AD genetic liability demonstrated the strongest positive associations with cholesterol-related traits, with similar magnitudes of association observed across all age groups including in childhood. In UK Biobank, the effect of AD liability on several lipid traits decreased with age. Fatty acid metabolites demonstrated positive associations with AD liability in both cohorts, though with smaller magnitudes than lipid traits. Sensitivity analyses indicated that observed effects are largely driven by the strongest AD instrument, APOE, with many contrasting effects observed on lipids and fatty acids for both ε4 and ε2 carriage. Our findings indicate pronounced effects of the ε4 and ε2 genetic variants on both pro- and anti-atherogenic lipid traits and sphingomyelins, which begin in childhood and either persist into later life or appear to change dynamically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Compton
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Madeleine L Smith
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caroline Bull
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- School of Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Roxanna Korologou-Linden
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Joshua A Bell
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Dylan M Williams
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emma L Anderson
- Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK.
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Woolway GE, Legge SE, Lynham A, Smart SE, Hubbard L, Daniel ER, Pardiñas AF, Escott-Price V, O'Donovan MC, Owen MJ, Jones IR, Walters JT. Assessing the validity of a self-reported clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.12.06.23299622. [PMID: 38106032 PMCID: PMC10723562 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.06.23299622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Diagnoses in psychiatric research can be derived from various sources. This study assesses the validity of a self-reported clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia. Methods The study included 3,029 clinically ascertained participants with schizophrenia or psychotic disorders diagnosed by self-report and/or research interview and 1,453 UK Biobank participants with self-report and/or medical record diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder depressed-type (SA-D). We assessed positive predictive values (PPV) of self-reported clinical diagnoses against research interview and medical record diagnoses. We compared polygenic risk scores (PRS) and phenotypes across diagnostic groups, and compared the variance explained by schizophrenia PRS to samples in the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC). Results In the clinically ascertained sample, the PPV of self-reported schizophrenia to a research diagnosis of schizophrenia was 0.70, which increased to 0.81 when benchmarked against schizophrenia or SA-D. In UK Biobank, the PPV of self-reported schizophrenia to a medical record diagnosis was 0.74. Compared to self-report participants, those with a research diagnosis were younger and more likely to have a high school qualification (clinically ascertained sample) and those with a medical record diagnosis were less likely to be employed or have a high school qualification (UK Biobank). Schizophrenia PRS did not differ between participants that had a diagnosis from self-report, research diagnosis or medical record diagnosis. Polygenic liability r2, for all diagnosis definitions, fell within the distribution of PGC schizophrenia cohorts. Conclusions Self-report measures of schizophrenia are justified in research to maximise sample size and representativeness, although within sample validation of diagnoses is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace E Woolway
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sophie E Legge
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Amy Lynham
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sophie E Smart
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Leon Hubbard
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ellie R Daniel
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Antonio F Pardiñas
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael C O'Donovan
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael J Owen
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ian R Jones
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - James Tr Walters
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Chen S, Zhang W, Zheng Z, Shao X, Yang P, Yang X, Nan K. Unraveling genetic causality between type 2 diabetes and pulmonary tuberculosis on the basis of Mendelian randomization. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:228. [PMID: 37950319 PMCID: PMC10636918 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01213-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The comorbidity rate between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is high and imposes enormous strains on healthcare systems. However, whether T2DM is causally associated with PTB is unknown owing to limited evidence from prospective studies. Consequently, the present study aimed to clarify the genetic causality between T2DM and PTB on the basis of Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS Genetic variants for T2DM and PTB were obtained from the IEU OpenGWAS project. The inverse variance weighted method was used as the main statistical analysis method and was supplemented with MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode methods. Heterogeneity was analyzed using Cochran's Q statistic. Horizontal pleiotropy was assessed using the MR-PRESSO global test and MR-Egger regression. Robustness of the results was verified using the leave-one-out method. RESULTS A total of 152 independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables (IVs) to assess the genetic causality between T2DM and PTB. Patients with T2DM had a higher risk of PTB at the genetic level (odds ratio (OR) for MR-Egger was 1.550, OR for weighted median was 1.540, OR for inverse variance weighted was 1.191, OR for simple mode was 1.629, OR for weighted mode was 1.529). There was no horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity among IVs. The results were stable when removing the SNPs one by one. CONCLUSIONS This is the first comprehensive MR analysis that revealed the genetic causality between T2DM and PTB in the East Asian population. The study provides convincing evidence that individuals with T2DM have a higher risk of developing PTB at the genetic level. This offers a significant basis for joint management of concurrent T2DM and PTB in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Chen
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Medical Department of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weisong Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenquan Zheng
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Shao
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobin Yang
- Hongdong County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hongdong, 041600, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kai Nan
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Su WM, Gu XJ, Dou M, Duan QQ, Jiang Z, Yin KF, Cai WC, Cao B, Wang Y, Chen YP. Systematic druggable genome-wide Mendelian randomisation identifies therapeutic targets for Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2023; 94:954-961. [PMID: 37349091 PMCID: PMC10579488 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2023-331142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia. Currently, there are no effective disease-modifying treatments for AD. Mendelian randomisation (MR) has been widely used to repurpose licensed drugs and discover novel therapeutic targets. Thus, we aimed to identify novel therapeutic targets for AD and analyse their pathophysiological mechanisms and potential side effects. METHODS A two-sample MR integrating the identified druggable genes was performed to estimate the causal effects of blood and brain druggable expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) on AD. A repeat study was conducted using different blood and brain eQTL data sources to validate the identified genes. Using AD markers with available genome-wide association studies data, we evaluated the causal relationship between established AD markers to explore possible mechanisms. Finally, the potential side effects of the druggable genes for AD treatment were assessed using a phenome-wide MR. RESULTS Overall, 5883 unique druggable genes were aggregated; 33 unique potential druggable genes for AD were identified in at least one dataset (brain or blood), and 5 were validated in a different dataset. Among them, three prior druggable genes (epoxide hydrolase 2 (EPHX2), SERPINB1 and SIGLEC11) reached significant levels in both blood and brain tissues. EPHX2 may mediate the pathogenesis of AD by affecting the entire hippocampal volume. Further phenome-wide MR analysis revealed no potential side effects of treatments targeting EPHX2, SERPINB1 or SIGLEC11. CONCLUSIONS This study provides genetic evidence supporting the potential therapeutic benefits of targeting the three druggable genes for AD treatment, which will be useful for prioritising AD drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Su
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Gu
- Department of Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng Dou
- Chengdu Computer Application Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing-Qing Duan
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kang-Fu Yin
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei-Chen Cai
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic medical sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Technology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Wu Y, Sun Z, Zheng Q, Miao J, Dorn S, Mukherjee S, Fletcher JM, Lu Q. Pervasive biases in proxy GWAS based on parental history of Alzheimer's disease. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.13.562272. [PMID: 37904974 PMCID: PMC10614766 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.13.562272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Almost every recent Alzheimer's disease (AD) genome-wide association study (GWAS) has performed meta-analysis to combine studies with clinical diagnosis of AD with studies that use proxy phenotypes based on parental disease history. Here, we report major limitations in current GWAS-by-proxy (GWAX) practices due to uncorrected survival bias and non-random participation of parental illness survey, which cause substantial discrepancies between AD GWAS and GWAX results. We demonstrate that current AD GWAX provide highly misleading genetic correlations between AD risk and higher education which subsequently affects a variety of genetic epidemiologic applications involving AD and cognition. Our study sheds important light on the design and analysis of mid-aged biobank cohorts and underscores the need for caution when interpreting genetic association results based on proxy-reported parental disease history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchang Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Zhongxuan Sun
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Qinwen Zheng
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jiacheng Miao
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Stephen Dorn
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | | | - Jason M. Fletcher
- Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- La Follette School of Public Affairs, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Qiongshi Lu
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Center for Demography of Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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9
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Luo J, Thomassen JQ, Bellenguez C, Grenier-Boley B, de Rojas I, Castillo A, Parveen K, Küçükali F, Nicolas A, Peters O, Schneider A, Dichgans M, Rujescu D, Scherbaum N, Jürgen D, Riedel-Heller S, Hausner L, Porcel LM, Düzel E, Grimmer T, Wiltfang J, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Moebus S, Tegos T, Scarmeas N, Clarimon J, Moreno F, Pérez-Tur J, Bullido MJ, Pastor P, Sánchez-Valle R, Álvarez V, Boada M, García-González P, Puerta R, Mir P, Real LM, Piñol-Ripoll G, García-Alberca JM, Royo JL, Rodriguez-Rodriguez E, Soininen H, Kuulasmaa T, de Mendonça A, Mehrabian S, Hort J, Vyhnalek M, van der Lee S, Graff C, Papenberg G, Giedraitis V, Boland A, Bacq-Daian D, Deleuze JF, Nicolas G, Dufouil C, Pasquier F, Hanon O, Debette S, Grünblatt E, Popp J, Benussi L, Galimberti D, Arosio B, Mecocci P, Solfrizzi V, Parnetti L, Squassina A, Tremolizzo L, Borroni B, Nacmias B, Sorbi S, Caffarra P, Seripa D, Rainero I, Daniele A, Masullo C, Spalletta G, Williams J, Amouyel P, Jessen F, Kehoe P, Tsolaki M, Rossi G, Sánchez-Juan P, Sleegers K, Ingelsson M, Andreassen OA, Hiltunen M, Van Duijn C, Sims R, van der Flier W, Ruiz A, Ramirez A, Lambert JC, Frikke-Schmidt R. Genetic Associations Between Modifiable Risk Factors and Alzheimer Disease. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2313734. [PMID: 37195665 PMCID: PMC10193187 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance An estimated 40% of dementia is potentially preventable by modifying 12 risk factors throughout the life course. However, robust evidence for most of these risk factors is lacking. Effective interventions should target risk factors in the causal pathway to dementia. Objective To comprehensively disentangle potentially causal aspects of modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer disease (AD) to inspire new drug targeting and improved prevention. Design, Setting, and Participants This genetic association study was conducted using 2-sample univariable and multivariable mendelian randomization. Independent genetic variants associated with modifiable risk factors were selected as instrumental variables from genomic consortia. Outcome data for AD were obtained from the European Alzheimer & Dementia Biobank (EADB), generated on August 31, 2021. Main analyses were conducted using the EADB clinically diagnosed end point data. All analyses were performed between April 12 and October 27, 2022. Exposures Genetically determined modifiable risk factors. Main Outcomes and Measures Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for AD were calculated per 1-unit change of genetically determined risk factors. Results The EADB-diagnosed cohort included 39 106 participants with clinically diagnosed AD and 401 577 control participants without AD. The mean age ranged from 72 to 83 years for participants with AD and 51 to 80 years for control participants. Among participants with AD, 54% to 75% were female, and among control participants, 48% to 60% were female. Genetically determined high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations were associated with increased odds of AD (OR per 1-SD increase, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.05-1.16]). Genetically determined high systolic blood pressure was associated with increased risk of AD after adjusting for diastolic blood pressure (OR per 10-mm Hg increase, 1.22 [95% CI, 1.02-1.46]). In a second analysis to minimize bias due to sample overlap, the entire UK Biobank was excluded from the EADB consortium; odds for AD were similar for HDL cholesterol (OR per 1-SD unit increase, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.02-1.15]) and systolic blood pressure after adjusting for diastolic blood pressure (OR per 10-mm Hg increase, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.01-1.50]). Conclusions and Relevance This genetic association study found novel genetic associations between high HDL cholesterol concentrations and high systolic blood pressure with higher risk of AD. These findings may inspire new drug targeting and improved prevention implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Luo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Qvist Thomassen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Céline Bellenguez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, Lille, France
| | - Benjamin Grenier-Boley
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, Lille, France
| | - Itziar de Rojas
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Atahualpa Castillo
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Kayenat Parveen
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
| | - Fahri Küçükali
- Complex Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Aude Nicolas
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, Lille, France
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, Munich, Germany
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Centre for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Norbert Scherbaum
- LVR-Hospital Essen, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Deckert Jürgen
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Steffi Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lucrezia Hausner
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Central Institute for Mental Health Mannheim, Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Molina Porcel
- Neurological Tissue Bank, Biobanc Hospital Clinic, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Timo Grimmer
- Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Goettingen, Germany
- Medical Science Department, Instituto de Biomedicina, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine and University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Institute for Urban Public Health, University Hospital of University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Tegos
- First Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Jordi Clarimon
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, II B Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fermin Moreno
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
- Neurosciences Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Jordi Pérez-Tur
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Genètica Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina de València, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain
- Unidad Mixta de Neurologia Genètica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - María J Bullido
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Hospital la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pau Pastor
- Unit of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol and The Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP) Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Valle
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Service of Neurology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Genética, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Asturias, Spain
| | - Mercè Boada
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo García-González
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Puerta
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Mir
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Luis M Real
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla, Spain
- Depatamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Gerard Piñol-Ripoll
- Unitat Trastorns Cognitius, Hospital Universitari Santa Maria de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jose María García-Alberca
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Alzheimer Research Center & Memory Clinic, Instituto Andaluz de Neurociencia, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jose Luís Royo
- Depatamento de Especialidades Quirúrgicas, Bioquímica e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Eloy Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurology Service, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, University of Cantabria and IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Teemu Kuulasmaa
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Shima Mehrabian
- Clinic of Neurology, UH "Alexandrovska," Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jakub Hort
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Charles University, Second Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Vyhnalek
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Charles University, Second Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sven van der Lee
- Genomics of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Aging, Human Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, locatie VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, locatie VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Caroline Graff
- Unit for Hereditary Dementias, Theme Aging, Karolinska University Hospital-Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Goran Papenberg
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vilmantas Giedraitis
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/ and Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anne Boland
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Evry, France
| | - Delphine Bacq-Daian
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Evry, France
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Evry, France
| | - Gael Nicolas
- Normandie Univ, Université de Rouen Normandie, Inserm U1245 and CHU Rouen, Department of Genetics and Centre national de référence pour les malades Alzheimer jeunes, Rouen, France
| | - Carole Dufouil
- Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, ISPED, CIC 1401-EC, Bordeaux, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Pole santé publique, Bordeaux, France
| | - Florence Pasquier
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR1172, Resources and Research Memory Center of Distalz, Licend, Lille, France
| | - Olivier Hanon
- Université de Paris, EA 4468, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Broca, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Debette
- University Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, France
- Department of Neurology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Edna Grünblatt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julius Popp
- Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luisa Benussi
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Arosio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vincenzo Solfrizzi
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Geriatric Medicine and Memory Unit, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Centre for Memory Disturbances, Lab of Clinical Neurochemistry, Section of Neurology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lucio Tremolizzo
- Neurology Unit, Hospital San Gerardo, Monza and University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Benedetta Nacmias
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
| | - Sandro Sorbi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Davide Seripa
- Laboratory for Advanced Hematological Diagnostics, Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant, Vito Fazzi Hospital, Lecce, Italy
| | - Innocenzo Rainero
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Antonio Daniele
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Masullo
- Institute of Neurology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Julie Williams
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, Lille, France
| | - Frank Jessen
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Patrick Kehoe
- Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- First Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Giacomina Rossi
- Unit of Neurology V - Neuropathology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Pascual Sánchez-Juan
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Alzheimer's Centre Reina Sofia-CIEN Foundation-ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kristel Sleegers
- Complex Genetics of Alzheimer's Disease Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Evry, France
- Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medicine and Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Cornelia Van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Sims
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Wiesje van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, locatie VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Agustín Ruiz
- Research Center and Memory clinic Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Neurodegenerative diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Medical Faculty, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Jean-Charles Lambert
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, Lille, France
| | - Ruth Frikke-Schmidt
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Anderson EL, Williams DM. Drug target Mendelian randomisation: are we really instrumenting drug use? Diabetologia 2023; 66:1156-1158. [PMID: 36795331 PMCID: PMC9932405 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-05875-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Anderson
- Department of Mental Health of Older People, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Dylan M Williams
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, Population Science & Experimental Medicine, University College London, London, UK
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11
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Desai R, John A, Saunders R, Marchant NL, Buckman JEJ, Charlesworth G, Zuber V, Stott J. Examining the Lancet Commission risk factors for dementia using Mendelian randomisation. BMJ MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 26:e300555. [PMID: 36789917 PMCID: PMC10035779 DOI: 10.1136/bmjment-2022-300555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia incidence is increasing across the globe and currently there are no disease-modifying pharmaceutical treatments. The Lancet Commission on dementia identified 12 modifiable risk factors which explain 40% of dementia incidence. However, whether these associations are causal in nature is unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine the modifiable risk factors for dementia as identified in the Lancet Commission review using Mendelian randomisation (MR) to establish if, based on genetic evidence, these associations with different dementia subtypes are causal in nature. METHODS Publicly available genome-wide association study data were used for 10 risk factors and Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies. Two-sample MR using the inverse varianceweighted method was conducted to test for causal relationships. Weighted median MR and MR-Egger were used to test for pleiotropic effects. RESULTS Genetic proxied risk for higher levels of smoking (OR: 0.80 (95% CI: 0.69; 0.92), p=0.002), obesity (OR: 0.87 (95% CI: 0.82; 0.92), p<0.001) and blood pressure (OR: 0.90 (95% CI: 0.82; 0.99), p=0.035) appeared to be protective against the risk of AD. Post hoc analyses indicated these associations had pleiotropic effects with the risk of coronary artery disease. Genetic proxied risk of educational attainment was found to be inconsistently associated with the risk of AD. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Post hoc analysis indicated that the apparent protective effects of smoking, obesity and blood pressure were a result of survivor bias. The findings from this study did not support those presented by the Lancet Commission. Evidence from causal inference studies should be considered alongside evidence from epidemiological studies and incorporated into reviews of the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopal Desai
- ADAPT Lab, Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Amber John
- ADAPT Lab, Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rob Saunders
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Effectiveness, Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Joshua E J Buckman
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Effectiveness, Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Georgina Charlesworth
- ADAPT Lab, Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Verena Zuber
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health at Imperial College, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Joshua Stott
- ADAPT Lab, Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
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12
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Rayff da Silva P, de Andrade JC, de Sousa NF, Portela ACR, Oliveira Pires HF, Remígio MCRB, da Nóbrega Alves D, de Andrade HHN, Dias AL, Salvadori MGDSS, de Oliveira Golzio AMF, de Castro RD, Scotti MT, Felipe CFB, de Almeida RN, Scotti L. Computational Studies Applied to Linalool and Citronellal Derivatives Against Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disorders: A Review with Experimental Approach. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:842-866. [PMID: 36809939 PMCID: PMC10227923 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230221123059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's and Parkinson's are neurodegenerative disorders that affect a great number of people around the world, seriously compromising the quality of life of individuals, due to motor and cognitive damage. In these diseases, pharmacological treatment is used only to alleviate symptoms. This emphasizes the need to discover alternative molecules for use in prevention. Using Molecular Docking, this review aimed to evaluate the anti-Alzheimer's and anti-Parkinson's activity of linalool and citronellal, as well as their derivatives. Before performing Molecular Docking simulations, the compounds' pharmacokinetic characteristics were evaluated. For Molecular Docking, 7 chemical compounds derived from citronellal, and 10 compounds derived from linalool, and molecular targets involved in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's pathophysiology were selected. According to the Lipinski rules, the compounds under study presented good oral absorption and bioavailability. For toxicity, some tissue irritability was observed. For Parkinson-related targets, the citronellal and linalool derived compounds revealed excellent energetic affinity for α-Synuclein, Adenosine Receptors, Monoamine Oxidase (MAO), and Dopamine D1 receptor proteins. For Alzheimer disease targets, only linalool and its derivatives presented promise against BACE enzyme activity. The compounds studied presented high probability of modulatory activity against the disease targets under study, and are potential candidates for future drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rayff da Silva
- Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Drugs and Medicines Research, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-085, Via Ipê Amarelo, S/N, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Cabral de Andrade
- Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Drugs and Medicines Research, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-085, Via Ipê Amarelo, S/N, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Natália Ferreira de Sousa
- Cheminformatics Laboratory, Institute of Drugs and Medicines Research, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, Via Ipê Amarelo, S/N, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Anne Caroline Ribeiro Portela
- Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Drugs and Medicines Research, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-085, Via Ipê Amarelo, S/N, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Hugo Fernandes Oliveira Pires
- Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Drugs and Medicines Research, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-085, Via Ipê Amarelo, S/N, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Maria Caroline Rodrigues Bezerra Remígio
- Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Drugs and Medicines Research, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-085, Via Ipê Amarelo, S/N, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Danielle da Nóbrega Alves
- Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Drugs and Medicines Research, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-085, Via Ipê Amarelo, S/N, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Humberto Hugo Nunes de Andrade
- Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Drugs and Medicines Research, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-085, Via Ipê Amarelo, S/N, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Arthur Lins Dias
- Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Drugs and Medicines Research, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-085, Via Ipê Amarelo, S/N, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ricardo Dias de Castro
- Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Drugs and Medicines Research, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-085, Via Ipê Amarelo, S/N, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Marcus T. Scotti
- Cheminformatics Laboratory, Institute of Drugs and Medicines Research, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, Via Ipê Amarelo, S/N, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Cícero Francisco Bezerra Felipe
- Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Drugs and Medicines Research, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-085, Via Ipê Amarelo, S/N, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Reinaldo Nóbrega de Almeida
- Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Drugs and Medicines Research, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-085, Via Ipê Amarelo, S/N, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Luciana Scotti
- Cheminformatics Laboratory, Institute of Drugs and Medicines Research, Federal University of Paraíba, 58051-900, Via Ipê Amarelo, S/N, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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Cognitive performance protects against Alzheimer's disease independently of educational attainment and intelligence. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:4297-4306. [PMID: 35840796 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01695-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mendelian-randomization (MR) studies using large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified causal association between educational attainment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying mechanisms are still required to be explored. Here, we conduct univariable and multivariable MR analyses using large-scale educational attainment, cognitive performance, intelligence and AD GWAS datasets. In stage 1, we found significant causal effects of educational attainment on cognitive performance (beta = 0.907, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.884-0.930, P < 1.145E-299), and vice versa (beta = 0.571, 95% CI: 0.557-0.585, P < 1.145E-299). In stage 2, we found that both increase in educational attainment (odds ratio (OR) = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.66-0.78, P = 1.39E-14) and cognitive performance (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.64-0.75, P = 1.78E-20) could reduce the risk of AD. In stage 3, we found that educational attainment may protect against AD dependently of cognitive performance (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.90-1.28, P = 4.48E-01), and cognitive performance may protect against AD independently of educational attainment (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.53-0.89, P = 5.00E-03). In stage 4, we found significant causal effects of cognitive performance on intelligence (beta = 0.907, 95% CI: 0.877-0.938, P < 1.145E-299), and vice versa (beta = 0.957, 95% CI: 0.937-0.978, P < 1.145E-299). In stage 5, we identified that cognitive performance may protect against AD independently of intelligence (OR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.61-0.90, P = 2.00E-03), and intelligence may protect against AD dependently of cognitive performance (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 0.40-3.43, P = 4.48E-01). Collectively, our univariable and multivariable MR analyses highlight the protective role of cognitive performance in AD independently of educational attainment and intelligence. In addition to the intelligence, we extend the mechanisms underlying the associations of educational attainment with AD.
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Yao Y, Gao F, Wu Y, Zhang X, Xu J, Du H, Wang X. Mendelian randomization analysis of the causal association of bone mineral density and fracture with multiple sclerosis. Front Neurol 2022; 13:993150. [PMID: 36188366 PMCID: PMC9519880 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.993150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disorder and an autoimmune disease. Until now, observational studies have indicated the association of bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture with the risk of MS. However, these studies indicated inconsistent findings. Until now, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been conducted in BMD, fracture, and MS, which provide large-scale datasets to investigate the causal association of BMD and fracture with the risk of MS using the Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Here, we performed an MR study to clarify the causal association between BMD/fracture and the risk of MS using large-scale publicly available GWAS datasets from BMD, fracture, and MS. We first evaluated the bidirectional causal effects of BMD and MS. The main analysis method inverse-variance weighted (IVW) showed no significant causal effect of BMD on the risk of MS (β = 0.058, and p = 1.98E-01), and MS on the risk of BMD (β = −0.001, and p = 7.83E-01). We then evaluated the bidirectional causal effects of fracture and MS. However, we only identified a significant causal effect of fracture on the risk of MS using IVW (β = −0.375, p = 0.002), but no significant causal effect of MS on the risk of the fracture using IVW (β = 0.011, p = 2.39E-01). Therefore, our main analysis method IVW only found a significant causal effect of fracture on MS using the threshold for the statistically significant association p < 0.05/4 = 0.0125. Meanwhile, multivariable MR analyses showed that the causal effect of fracture on MS was independent of smoking, drinking, and obesity, but dependent on BMD. In summary, our MR analysis demonstrates that genetically increased fracture may reduce the risk of MS. Our findings should be further verified and the underlying mechanisms should be further evaluated by future studies.
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Li S, Liu B, Li QH, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Gao S, Wang L, Wang T, Han Z, Liu G, Wang K. Evaluating the Bidirectional Causal Association Between Daytime Napping and Alzheimer’s Disease Using Mendelian Randomization. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 89:1315-1322. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-220497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Until now, both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have identified controversial findings about the association between daytime napping and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or cognitive decline. Therefore, it remains unclear about the causal association between daytime napping and AD or cognitive decline. Objective: We aim to investigate the causal association between daytime napping and AD. Methods: Here, we conduct a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal association between daytime napping and AD using large-scale GWAS datasets from daytime napping including 452,633 individuals of European ancestry and AD including 35,274 AD and 59,163 controls of European ancestry. A total of five MR methods are selected including inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger, MR-PRESSO, and contamination mixture method. Results: MR analysis highlights significant causal association of AD with daytime napping using IVW (beta = -0.006, 95% CI [–0.009, –0.002], p = 2.00E-03), but no significant causal association of daytime napping with AD using IVW (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.53-1.10, p = 1.40E-01). Conclusion: Our bidirectional MR analysis demonstrates the causal effect of AD on daytime napping. However, there is no causal effect of daytime napping on AD. Our current findings are consistent with recent evidence from other MR studies that highlight little evidence supporting a causal effect of sleep traits on AD and support the causal effect of AD on sleep traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Li
- Department of Emergency, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Centerfor Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bian Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-hao Li
- Children’s Center, the Affiliated Taian City Centeral Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Haihua Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Centerfor Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Centerfor Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Longcai Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, TheAffiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifa Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy ofMedical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guiyou Liu
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Centerfor Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratoryof Cerebral Microcirculation in Universities of Shandong; Departmentof Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital; Shandong First MedicalUniversity & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of HypoxiaTranslational Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory of Internet Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Children’s Center, the Affiliated Taian City Centeral Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian, Shandong, China
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Lamptey RNL, Chaulagain B, Trivedi R, Gothwal A, Layek B, Singh J. A Review of the Common Neurodegenerative Disorders: Current Therapeutic Approaches and the Potential Role of Nanotherapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031851. [PMID: 35163773 PMCID: PMC8837071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are primarily characterized by neuron loss. The most common neurodegenerative disorders include Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Although there are several medicines currently approved for managing neurodegenerative disorders, a large majority of them only help with associated symptoms. This lack of pathogenesis-targeting therapies is primarily due to the restrictive effects of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), which keeps close to 99% of all “foreign substances” out of the brain. Since their discovery, nanoparticles have been successfully used for targeted delivery into many organs, including the brain. This review briefly describes the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and their current management approaches. We then highlight the major challenges of brain-drug delivery, followed by the role of nanotherapeutics for the diagnosis and treatment of various neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Buddhadev Layek
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (J.S.); Tel.: +1-701-231-7906 (B.L.); +1-701-231-7943 (J.S.); Fax: +1-701-231-8333 (B.L. & J.S.)
| | - Jagdish Singh
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (J.S.); Tel.: +1-701-231-7906 (B.L.); +1-701-231-7943 (J.S.); Fax: +1-701-231-8333 (B.L. & J.S.)
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Xue F, Gao L, Chen T, Chen H, Zhang H, Wang T, Han Z, Gao S, Wang L, Hu Y, Tang J, Huang L, Liu G, Zhang Y. Parkinson's Disease rs117896735 Variant Regulates INPP5F Expression in Brain Tissues and Increases Risk of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 89:67-77. [PMID: 35848021 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both INPP5D and INPP5F are members of INPP5 family. INPP5F rs117896735 variant was associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) risk, and INPP5D was an Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk gene. However, it remains unclear about the roles of INPP5F rs117896735 variant in AD. OBJECTIVE We aim to investigate the roles of rs117896735 in AD. METHODS First, we conducted a candidate variant study to evaluate the association of rs117896735 variant with AD risk using the large-scale AD GWAS dataset. Second, we conducted a gene expression analysis of INPP5F to investigate the expression difference of INPP5F in different human tissues using two large-scale gene expression datasets. Third, we conducted an expression quantitative trait loci analysis to evaluate whether rs117896735 variant regulate the expression of INPP5F. Fourth, we explore the potentially differential expression of INPP5F in AD and control using multiple AD-control gene expression datasets in human brain tissues and whole blood. RESULTS We found that 1) rs117896735 A allele was associated with the increased risk of AD with OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.005-1.315, p = 0.042; 2) rs117896735 A allele could increase INPP5F expression in multiple human tissues; 3) INPP5F showed different expression in different human tissues, especially in brain tissues; 4) INPP5F showed significant expression dysregulation in AD compared with controls in human brain tissues. CONCLUSION Conclusion: We demonstrate that PD rs117896735 variant could regulate INPP5F expression in brain tissues and increase the risk of AD. These finding may provide important information about the role of rs117896735 in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Hospital of ITCWM Nan Kai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Luyan Gao
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, The Fourth Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, The Fourth Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - TingTing Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Hospital of ITCWM Nan Kai Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongyuan Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Haihua Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifa Han
- School of Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, THU-PKU Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Longcai Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yang Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Jiangwei Tang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, The Fourth Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, The Fourth Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, The Fourth Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, The Fourth Central Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Guiyou Liu
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxia Translational Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory of Internet Medical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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