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Andrade JA, Salaroli LB, Noll PRES, Noll M, Feitosa SO, Raimundo RD, de Oliveira AG, Mendonça CR, de Abreu LC. Indicators of Eating Disorders in Sexually Abused Brazilian Adolescents: Family and School Contexts. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1393. [PMID: 37628392 PMCID: PMC10453146 DOI: 10.3390/children10081393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Eating disorders, characterized by abnormal eating behaviors, are among a wide variety of psychiatric conditions that mainly affect children and adolescents. These disorders have a multifactorial origin and can be associated with restrictive diets, negative feelings, harmful family relationships, and post-traumatic stress. Thus, this study's objective was to evaluate the association between indicators of eating disorders and family and school contexts in Brazilian adolescents who previously experienced sexual abuse and examine the findings based on sex. National School Health Survey data were utilized. Among 102,301 students between 11 and 19 years of age, 4124 reported having experienced sexual abuse and were included in this study. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess participants' health status and the presence of risk behaviors, which were examined through multivariate analysis using a Poisson regression model. The results indicated positive relationships between self-induced vomiting, laxative misuse, and other purgative methods and infrequent meals with family, hunger, and the presence of violence in students' daily lives, regardless of sex (p < 0.05). In addition, body dissatisfaction and negative feelings about one's body were associated with having been bullied or teased by schoolmates for both sexes (p < 0.05). Distant relationships with parents were associated with purgative methods and body dissatisfaction among female students (p < 0.05). In conclusion, body dissatisfaction, negative feelings about one's body, laxative misuse, self-induced vomiting, and purgative methods were found to be associated with factors in family and school contexts such as hunger, infrequent meals with family, family violence, distant relationships with parents, and bullying at school in adolescents who have previously experienced sexual abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Altoé Andrade
- Nutrition and Health Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University Espirito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil; (J.A.A.); (L.B.S.)
| | - Luciane Bresciani Salaroli
- Nutrition and Health Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University Espirito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil; (J.A.A.); (L.B.S.)
| | | | - Matias Noll
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Ceres 76300-000, Brazil; (P.R.e.S.N.); (M.N.); (S.O.F.)
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Medical School, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74605-080, Brazil;
| | | | - Rodrigo Daminello Raimundo
- Laboratório de Delineamento de Estudos e Escrita Científica, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André 09060-590, Brazil; (R.D.R.); (A.G.d.O.)
| | - Adriana Gonçalves de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Delineamento de Estudos e Escrita Científica, Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André 09060-590, Brazil; (R.D.R.); (A.G.d.O.)
| | - Carolina Rodrigues Mendonça
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Medical School, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia 74605-080, Brazil;
| | - Luiz Carlos de Abreu
- Nutrition and Health Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University Espirito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil; (J.A.A.); (L.B.S.)
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Ampofo AG, Boyes AW, Asibey SO, Oldmeadow C, Mackenzie LJ. Prevalence and correlates of modifiable risk factors for cervical cancer and HPV infection among senior high school students in Ghana: a latent class analysis. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:340. [PMID: 36793003 PMCID: PMC9930033 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14908-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While health risk behaviours are likely to co-occur, there is dearth of studies exploring the clustering of cervical cancer and HPV infection risk factors among adolescents. This study aimed to determine: 1) the prevalence of modifiable risk factors for cervical cancer and HPV infection, 2) the clustering of modifiable risk factors for cervical cancer and HPV infection, and 3) factors associated with the identified clusters. METHODS Female students (aged 16-24 years, N = 2400) recruited from 17 randomly selected senior high schools in the Ashanti Region, Ghana completed a questionnaire assessing modifiable risk factors for cervical cancer and HPV infection including sexual experience, early sexual intercourse (< 18 years), unprotected sex, smoking, sexually transmitted infections (STIs); multiple sexual partners (MSP) and smoking. Latent class analysis explored separate classes of students according to their risk factor profiles for cervical cancer and HPV infection. Latent class regression analysis explored factors associated with latent class memberships. RESULTS Approximately one in three students (34%, 95%CI: 32%-36%) reported exposure to at least one risk factor. Two separate classes emerged: high-risk and low-risk (cervical cancer: 24% and 76% of students, respectively; HPV infection: 26% and 74% of students, respectively). Compared to participants in the low-risk classes i) the cervical cancer high-risk class were more likely to report exposure to oral contraceptives; early sexual intercourse (< 18 years); STIs; MSP and smoking; and ii) the HPV infection high risk class were more likely to report exposure to sexual intercourse; unprotected sex and MSP. Participants with higher risk factor knowledge had significantly higher odds of belonging to cervical cancer and HPV infection high-risk classes. Participants with greater perceived susceptibility to cervical cancer and HPV infection were more likely to belong to the high-risk HPV infection class. Sociodemographic characteristics and greater perceived seriousness about cervical cancer and HPV infection had significantly lower odds of belonging to both high-risk classes. CONCLUSIONS The co-occurrence of cervical cancer and HPV infection risk factors suggests that a single school-based multi-component risk reduction intervention could concurrently target multiple risk behaviours. However, students in the high risk class may benefit from more complex risk reduction interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ama Gyamfua Ampofo
- Health Behaviour Research Collaborative, School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. .,Equity in Health and Wellbeing Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia. .,Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.
| | - Allison W. Boyes
- grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XHealth Behaviour Research Collaborative, School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308 Australia ,grid.413648.cEquity in Health and Wellbeing Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW Australia ,grid.413648.cHunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW Australia
| | - Shadrack Osei Asibey
- grid.462504.10000 0004 0439 6970Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Kumasi Technical University, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Lisa J. Mackenzie
- grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XHealth Behaviour Research Collaborative, School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308 Australia ,grid.413648.cEquity in Health and Wellbeing Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW Australia ,grid.413648.cHunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW Australia
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Fernandes MDSV, da Silva TMV, Noll PRES, de Almeida AA, Noll M. Depressive Symptoms and Their Associated Factors in Vocational-Technical School Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:3735. [PMID: 35329421 PMCID: PMC8955985 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to compare the prevalence of depressive symptoms, behavioral habits, and QoL in students from two vocational-technical schools, and to determine the association of depressive symptoms with behavioral habits and quality of life (QoL) in these students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with students attending the institution of the Brazilian Federal Network of Professional, Scientific and Technological Education. The students answered a questionnaire on sociodemographic variables, situations related to the COVID-19 pandemic, behavioral habits, QoL, and depressive symptoms. The outcome variable was the presence of depressive symptoms, assessed using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was performed. A total of 343 students participated in this study (women, 55.7%; mean age of 16.1 ± 0.93 years). The prevalence of depressive symptoms among students was 43.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 38.0-49.0), and these symptoms were significantly associated with being female (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.72; 95% CI: 1.31-2.27); being in the 10th grade (PR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.18-2.76) and 9th grade (PR 2.08; 95% CI: 1.37-3.18); social isolation (PR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.00-4.14); hunger due to a lack of food at home (PR: 1.78; 95% CI: 1.33-2.39); low physical activity levels (PR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.09-2.59); and moderate (PR: 2.87, 95% CI: 1.68-4.89) and low QoL (PR: 5.66; 95% CI: 3.48-9.19). The results emphasize the importance of interventions aimed mainly at female students and those in the initial years of high school, in addition to the importance of physical activity, food safety, and QoL to improve the mental health of students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thays Martins Vital da Silva
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Goiano, Goiás 76300-000, Brazil; (T.M.V.d.S.); (P.R.e.S.N.)
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais 38706-328, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Rayanne e Silva Noll
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Goiano, Goiás 76300-000, Brazil; (T.M.V.d.S.); (P.R.e.S.N.)
- University of São Paulo (Universidade de São Paulo—USP), São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | | | - Matias Noll
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Goiano, Goiás 76300-000, Brazil; (T.M.V.d.S.); (P.R.e.S.N.)
- Federal University of Goiás, Goiás 74001-970, Brazil
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
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Feitosa SO, Noll M, Mendonça CR, Silveira EA, Esposito Sorpreso IC, Noll PRES. Prevalence of sexual abuse and its association with health-risk behaviors among Brazilian adolescents: A populational study. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2021; 122:105347. [PMID: 34634524 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Analysis of sexual abuse has usually been neglected in research at developing countries despite its everlasting consequences. This study examined the prevalence of sexual abuse among Brazilian adolescents according to data from the National School Health Survey (PeNSE) and analyzed it based on Brazilian regions, sociodemographic aspects, health information, and health-risk behaviors among Brazilian adolescents who reported having experienced sexual abuse previously. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The PeNSE data were utilized, and the sample included 102,072 students from all over Brazil, aged between 11 and 19 years. METHODS Data were collected by questionnaires and were analyzed by multivariate analysis using the Poisson regression model. RESULTS The results denoted a relation between sexual abuse, social determinants of health variables (i.e., black, indigenous, and mixed skin color/ethnicity; Brazilian region public school, age between 15 and 18 years, and low education level of the mother), and health-risk behaviors (i.e., early sexual intercourse, having multiple sexual partners, unprotected sexual intercourse, use of tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs). CONCLUSION Therefore, reports of sexual abuse are associated with risky behaviors. Given these findings, targeted interventions on sexual abuse are essential for the health of adolescents and the prevention of risky behaviors, and can also facilitate programs to prevent sexual abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matias Noll
- Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Ceres, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil; Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | | | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Programa de Pós-graduação Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Brazil
| | - Isabel Cristina Esposito Sorpreso
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Rayanne E Silva Noll
- Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Ceres, Brazil; Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
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Peltzer K, Pengpid S. Health risk behaviours among adolescents in Argentina: trends between 2007, 2012 and 2018 national cross-sectional school surveys. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:464. [PMID: 34670497 PMCID: PMC8529741 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02929-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to assess trends of various health risk behaviours among adolescents across three different surveys in Argentina. Methods Data from 115,697 adolescents (mean age:14.6 years, SD=1.2) that participated in three cross-sectional national school surveys in 2007, 2012 and 2018 were analysed. In all, 27 health risk behaviours were assessed through a self-administered questionnaire. Significance of a linear trend was tested by treating study year as categorical variable in logistic regression analyses, adjusted by age group and food insecurity for boys and girls separately Results Among both sexes, four health risk behaviours (current cigarette use, passive smoking, trouble from alcohol use, and physically attacked) significantly reduced from 2007 to 2018. Among boys five health risk behaviours (experience of hunger, parental tobacco use, current alcohol use, involvement in physical fighting, and multiple sexual partners), and among girls, inadequate physical activity significantly reduced over time. Among both sexes, the prevalence of four health risk behaviours (overweight/obesity, obesity, leisure-time sedentary behaviour and insufficient fruit intake) significantly increased among both sexes, and among girls ten health risk behaviours (not walking/biking to school, current other tobacco use, bullying victimisation, lifetime drunkenness, having no close friends, suicide plan, suicidal ideation, worry-induced sleep disturbance, loneliness, and ever sexual intercourse) significantly increased over time. Conclusion Nine health risk behaviours among boys and five health risk behaviours among girls decreased, and four health risk behaviours among boys and 14 health compromising behaviours among girls increased over a period of 11 years. School health programmes for adolescents should be strengthened in Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Peltzer
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
| | - Supa Pengpid
- Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa. .,ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
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Zhang Y. WITHDRAWN: The health management status of medical and health service institutions and its correlation with residents' health risk. Work 2021:WOR210263. [PMID: 34308895 DOI: 10.3233/wor-210263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ahead of Print article withdrawn by publisher.
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Miloicov Bacean OC, Fira-Mladinescu O, Putnoky S, Tuta Sas I, Cristina P, Bagiu R, Bagiu IC, Suciu O, Fira-Mladinescu C, Vlaicu B. High School Pupils' Relationships with Their Parents, Schoolmates, and Friends, and Health-Related Risk Behaviors. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2021; 14:587-593. [PMID: 34079396 PMCID: PMC8163963 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s306133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aims of this study were to evaluate high school pupils’ relationships with their parents, schoolmates, and friends, and the presence of health-related risk behaviors among the family members and friends on the pupils’ smoking and binge drinking status. Materials and Methods The study was a cross-sectional population-based study that involved a questionnaire, and the sample involved 2908 pupils at high schools in Timis county, Romania. In our study, the following factors related to family members and friends and the living environment were identified. First, there were issues with the relationships with parents among some pupils, with 23.2% being neither satisfied nor unsatisfied and 4.9% being unsatisfied. Second, there were also issues regarding some pupils’ satisfaction with the financial situation of their family, with 21.8% being neither satisfied nor unsatisfied and 16.4% being unsatisfied. An odds ratio (OR) is a statistic that quantifies the strength of the association between two events. Results There were 1495 (51.5%) girls and 1407 (48.5%) boys aged 14–20 years, and 79.2% came from organized families. Among the pupils, 71.1% reported that they were satisfied with their relationship with their parents, while 4.9% were unsatisfied. Additionally, 46.2% were satisfied with the financial status of their families, while 16.4% were unsatisfied. Moreover, 59.2% were satisfied with their relationship with their schoolmates and 80.2% were satisfied with their relationship with their friends, while only 1.8% were unsatisfied with their relationship with their friends. The logistic regression model of the pupils’ smoking status identified two moderate predictive factors: this was defined “>1” friends who smoke (odds ratio [OR]=2.875) and smoking status of siblings (OR=2.222). The major predictive factor in the logistic regression model of occasional alcohol consumption in high quantities by pupils was male gender (OR=5.148). Conclusion The predictive model of pupils’ smoking status identified the following moderate predictors: high number of friends who smoke and smoking status of siblings. The major predictor in the model of occasional alcohol consumption in high quantities by pupils was male gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Codruta Miloicov Bacean
- Discipline of Hygiene, Department 14 Microbiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Center for Studies in Preventive Medicine, Timisoara, Timis, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Fira-Mladinescu
- Pneumology Discipline, Department 13th Infectious Diseases, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Center for Studies in Preventive Medicine, Timisoara, Timis, Romania
| | - Salomeia Putnoky
- Discipline of Hygiene, Department 14 Microbiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Center for Studies in Preventive Medicine, Timisoara, Timis, Romania
| | - Ioana Tuta Sas
- Discipline of Hygiene, Department 14 Microbiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Center for Studies in Preventive Medicine, Timisoara, Timis, Romania
| | - Petrescu Cristina
- Discipline of Hygiene, Department 14 Microbiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Center for Studies in Preventive Medicine, Timisoara, Timis, Romania
| | - Radu Bagiu
- Discipline of Hygiene, Department 14 Microbiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Center for Studies in Preventive Medicine, Timisoara, Timis, Romania
| | - Iulia Cristina Bagiu
- Discipline of Microbiology, Department 14 Microbiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Center for Studies in Preventive Medicine, Timisoara, Timis, Romania
| | - Oana Suciu
- Discipline of Hygiene, Department 14 Microbiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Center for Studies in Preventive Medicine, Timisoara, Timis, Romania
| | - Corneluta Fira-Mladinescu
- Discipline of Hygiene, Department 14 Microbiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Center for Studies in Preventive Medicine, Timisoara, Timis, Romania
| | - Brigitha Vlaicu
- Discipline of Hygiene, Department 14 Microbiology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Center for Studies in Preventive Medicine, Timisoara, Timis, Romania
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da Costa BGG, Chaput JP, Lopes MVV, Malheiros LEA, da Silva KS. Associations between Sociodemographic, Dietary, and Substance Use Factors with Self-Reported 24-Hour Movement Behaviors in a Sample of Brazilian Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:2527. [PMID: 33806301 PMCID: PMC7967640 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to identify sociodemographic, dietary, and substance use factors associated with self-reported sleep duration, physical activity (PA), and sedentary behavior (SB) indicators in a sample of Brazilian adolescents. Adolescents (n = 731, 51% female, mean age: 16.4 years) answered a questionnaire. The volume of total PA, sports, non-sports, total SB, leisure-time SB, involuntary SB, sleep duration, dietary behaviors, sociodemographic, and substance use indicators were self-reported. Multilevel linear models were fitted. Females engaged in less total PA, sports, total SB, and leisure-time SB, but in more involuntary SB than males. Age was positively associated with non-sports and involuntary SB. Socioeconomic status was positively associated with total PA. Adolescents who lived with the mother only practiced more sports compared to those living with two parents. Unprocessed food was positively associated with total PA and sports. Processed food was inversely associated with total PA and non-sports, and positively associated with total SB and leisure-time SB. Alcohol use was positively associated with total PA, and tobacco smoking was negatively associated with total PA. No associations were observed for sleep duration. In conclusion, sociodemographic, dietary, and substance use factors are associated with the 24 h movement behaviors among Brazilian adolescents, and some associations are type specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Gonçalves Galdino da Costa
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (M.V.V.L.); (L.E.A.M.); (K.S.d.S.)
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada;
| | - Marcus Vinicius Veber Lopes
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (M.V.V.L.); (L.E.A.M.); (K.S.d.S.)
| | - Luis Eduardo Argenta Malheiros
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (M.V.V.L.); (L.E.A.M.); (K.S.d.S.)
| | - Kelly Samara da Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (M.V.V.L.); (L.E.A.M.); (K.S.d.S.)
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de Souza ALG, de Almeida AA, Noll PRES, Noll M. Unhealthy life habits associated with self-induced vomiting and laxative misuse in Brazilian adolescents. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2482. [PMID: 33510267 PMCID: PMC7843628 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81942-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a stage in life characterized by important social, cognitive, and physical changes. Adolescents are vulnerable to various psychosocial disorders, including eating disorders. We aimed to investigate the association between unhealthy habits, sociodemographic characteristics, and the practice of self-induced vomiting or laxative misuse in a representative sample of Brazilian adolescent girls and boys. Data from 102,072 students who participated in the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey were analyzed using the dependent variable: presence or absence of self-induced vomiting and/or laxative misuse; independent variables: consumption of unhealthy and high-calorie food items, age during first sexual intercourse, and the use of tobacco, alcohol, and/or illicit drugs. Associations between exposure and outcome were estimated using Poisson's regression models stratified by sex, and including region, school, age group, and mother's educational history as adjustment variables. Eating ultra-processed foods and age during first sexual intercourse were associated with self-induced vomiting and laxative misuse only for girls; all other variables (consuming unhealthy foods and using legal or illicit substances) were associated with these behaviors for both sexes after applying adjustment variables. Early interventions focusing on changing unhealthy behaviors may prevent development of eating disorders in adolescents. Our findings demonstrate a strong association of many unhealthy habits with laxative misuse and self-induced vomiting practices in Brazilian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Priscilla Rayanne E Silva Noll
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Ceres, Ceres, GO, Brazil
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Matias Noll
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Ceres, Ceres, GO, Brazil.
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Tavares MKB, de Melo RLP, da Rocha BF, Andrade DJ, Evangelista DR, Peres MCTS, Baldaçara LR, DeSouza-Vieira T, Assis EV, Silva JBNF. Dating Applications, Sexual Behaviors, and Attitudes of College Students in Brazil's Legal Amazon. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207494. [PMID: 33076286 PMCID: PMC7602409 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Although dating applications (apps) have become popular among young adults, there is a dearth of information regarding the sexual health implications among Brazilian college students. This study examined risky sexual behavior and attitudes of dating app users, based on their sex in Brazil’s Legal Amazon. Three hundred and fifty-nine students reported their sociodemographic data, dating app use, and sexual behaviors and attitudes through self-administered questionnaires. Bivariate analyses and analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni post-hoc tests were performed. Dating app use was reported by 238 (66.3%) subjects, most of whom had an encounter and sex with a casual partner. Women frequently requested condom use. Trust in one’s partner or having repeated encounters were the main reasons for engaging in risky sexual behavior. Men had a greater number of sexual partners and less protective attitudes. Sexual health awareness by apps was not reported by 97% of women, and most of them were not tested for sexually transmitted infections. A positive attitude toward sexual health was not a predictor of safe sex. Important similarities and differences regarding risky sexual behaviors and attitudes were observed between the sexes, many of which correlated with increased sexual vulnerability during the sexual encounters arranged through the dating apps. This cross-sectional study supports efforts on sexual health promotion and sexual education implementation in the face of growing usage of apps among young adults for sexual matters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maycon Klerystton B. Tavares
- Medicine Course, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, 77001-923 Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil; (M.K.B.T.); (B.F.d.R.); (D.J.A.); (M.C.T.S.P.); (L.R.B.)
| | - Romulo L. P. de Melo
- Psychology Course, Faculdade Santa Maria, 589000-000 Cajazeiras, Paraíba, Brazil;
| | - Bianca F. da Rocha
- Medicine Course, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, 77001-923 Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil; (M.K.B.T.); (B.F.d.R.); (D.J.A.); (M.C.T.S.P.); (L.R.B.)
| | - Débora J. Andrade
- Medicine Course, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, 77001-923 Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil; (M.K.B.T.); (B.F.d.R.); (D.J.A.); (M.C.T.S.P.); (L.R.B.)
| | | | - Márcia C. T. S. Peres
- Medicine Course, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, 77001-923 Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil; (M.K.B.T.); (B.F.d.R.); (D.J.A.); (M.C.T.S.P.); (L.R.B.)
| | - Leonardo R. Baldaçara
- Medicine Course, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, 77001-923 Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil; (M.K.B.T.); (B.F.d.R.); (D.J.A.); (M.C.T.S.P.); (L.R.B.)
| | - Thiago DeSouza-Vieira
- Vector Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA;
| | - Elisangela V. Assis
- Medicine Course, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 58900-000 Cajazeiras, Paraíba, Brazil;
| | - José Bruno N. F. Silva
- Medicine Course, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, 77001-923 Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil; (M.K.B.T.); (B.F.d.R.); (D.J.A.); (M.C.T.S.P.); (L.R.B.)
- Correspondence:
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da Costa BGG, Chaput JP, Lopes MVV, da Costa RM, Malheiros LEA, Silva KS. Association between Lifestyle Behaviors and Health-Related Quality of Life in a Sample of Brazilian Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E7133. [PMID: 33003466 PMCID: PMC7579499 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the association between lifestyle behaviors and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Brazilian adolescents. We evaluated 739 adolescents (51.0% girls; mean age, 16.4 ± 1.0 years) from the mesoregion Grande Florianópolis, Brazil. Participants were asked to complete an online questionnaire and sex, age, mother's education, health-related quality of life, physical activity, screen time indicators, sleep duration, diet, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and drug experimentation were retrieved. Health-related quality of life was assessed using the Kidscreen-10 instrument. Measures of body mass and height were taken by trained researchers. Mixed-effects linear regression models were used. Self-reported health-related quality of life was higher in males (β = 3.68, 95%CI: 2.75; 4.61) compared to females, and no association was observed for age and mother's education level. Practicing sports (β = 1.19, 95%CI: 0.29; 2.08) was associated with better HRQoL, while processed food score (β = -0.45, 95%CI: -0.78; -0.13), working using screen devices for more than 4 h/day (β = -2.38, 95%CI: -4.52; -0.25), having experimented illicit drugs (β = -2.05, 95%CI: -3.20; -0.90), and sleeping less than 8 h/night (β = -1.35, 95%CI: -2.27; -0.43) were unfavorably associated with HRQoL. Non-sport physical activities, unprocessed food, studying, watching videos, playing videogames, using social media, alcohol drinking, and smoking were not associated with health-related quality of life. These findings suggest that promoting sports and adequate sleep, and preventing excessive workloads and the use of drugs among adolescents may be effective strategies to improve HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Gonçalves Galdino da Costa
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (M.V.V.L.); (R.M.d.C.); (L.E.A.M.); (K.S.S.)
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada;
| | - Marcus Vinicius Veber Lopes
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (M.V.V.L.); (R.M.d.C.); (L.E.A.M.); (K.S.S.)
| | - Rafael Martins da Costa
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (M.V.V.L.); (R.M.d.C.); (L.E.A.M.); (K.S.S.)
| | - Luís Eduardo Argenta Malheiros
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (M.V.V.L.); (R.M.d.C.); (L.E.A.M.); (K.S.S.)
| | - Kelly Samara Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil; (M.V.V.L.); (R.M.d.C.); (L.E.A.M.); (K.S.S.)
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Noll M, Noll PRES, Gomes JM, Soares Júnior JM, Silveira EA, Sorpreso ICE. Associated factors and sex differences in condom non-use among adolescents: Brazilian National School Health Survey (PeNSE). Reprod Health 2020; 17:139. [PMID: 32894142 PMCID: PMC7487653 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-020-00987-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Condom non-use among sexually active adolescents is a major cause of unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. In order to promote condom use, it is essential to understand factors associated with condom non-use. Aim Our aim was to evaluate sex differences and associated factors of condom non-use based on the nationally representative Brazilian National School Health Survey. Methods The study participants were 100,962 adolescents 13–18 years old, 9th graders from both public and private schools throughout Brazil. The following factors were considered as explanatory group variables for the outcome of condom non-use among adolescents: school and health service, sexual behavior, substance use, and self-reported body and health perception. Poisson regression model was performed. Results Of the total students, 28% (n = 28,157) had had sexual intercourse at least once. (boys, 37.1%; girls, 19.5%). Of these, 69.2% had used condoms the last time they had intercourse (girls: 68%; boys: 69.9%). The variables associated with condom non-use for both sexes were not having accessed a health service or approached a health professional for health-related care; not having received pregnancy prevention counseling or guidance on AIDS or STI prevention at school; early sexual initiation; no additional contraception method; substance use; feeling alone; not being satisfied with their own body; feeling fat or thin; and poor self-reported health. The number of sexual partners was also associated with condom non-use; however, contrasting behavior was indicated between sexes. A higher number of sexual partners indicated less use of condoms among girls, while for boys, a higher number of sexual partners indicated higher condom use. Conclusion High condom non-use appears to be associated with lack of health care access and sexual health education, poor sexual practices, substance use, and poor self-perception, indicating areas for health promotion programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Noll
- Instituto Federal Goiano (IF Goiano), Goiás, Brazil. .,Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiás, Brazil.
| | - Priscilla Rayanne E Silva Noll
- Instituto Federal Goiano (IF Goiano), Goiás, Brazil.,Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Menezes Gomes
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - José Maria Soares Júnior
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiás, Brazil
| | - Isabel Cristina Esposito Sorpreso
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Escobar DFSS, de Jesus TF, Noll PRES, Noll M. Family and School Context: Effects on the Mental Health of Brazilian Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176042. [PMID: 32825209 PMCID: PMC7503299 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mental health during adolescence can affect an individual’s long-term quality of life. However, the effects of family and school contexts on students’ mental health have been little explored. This study aims to analyze the relationships between family and school life and feelings of loneliness and trouble sleeping owing to worries in adolescents. The data from this cross-sectional study were obtained from Brazil’s National School Health Survey (PeNSE), which obtained its data through questionnaires. This study’s sample consisted of 102,072 ninth-grade students aged between 11 and 19 years, 52,782 (51.7%) of whom were female, enrolled in public and private schools throughout Brazil. The methodology consisted of an analysis using the Poisson regression model. Regarding the family context, mental health issues were associated with hunger, distant relationships with parents, and family violence. Regarding the school context, feelings of loneliness and trouble sleeping were associated with poor peer relationships, insecurity at school, and schools in more violent areas. This study contributes to the elaboration of public policies aimed at bringing awareness to family members and school bodies that indicators of mental health in adolescents are influenced by the quality of bonds established within these environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thais Ferreira de Jesus
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Ceres, Ceres 76300-000, Brazil; (D.F.S.S.E.); (T.F.d.J.); (P.R.eS.N.)
| | - Priscilla Rayanne e Silva Noll
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Ceres, Ceres 76300-000, Brazil; (D.F.S.S.E.); (T.F.d.J.); (P.R.eS.N.)
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Matias Noll
- Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Ceres, Ceres 76300-000, Brazil; (D.F.S.S.E.); (T.F.d.J.); (P.R.eS.N.)
- Correspondence:
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Escobar DFSS, Noll PRES, de Jesus TF, Noll M. Assessing the Mental Health of Brazilian Students Involved in Risky Behaviors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3647. [PMID: 32455911 PMCID: PMC7277166 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence, which is the transition from childhood to adulthood, is marked by emotional sensitivity and inconsistency and may be affected by mental health problems. In order to fill the gap related to the risky behaviors in students in Brazil, our cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the relationship between risky behaviors and indicators of mental health of Brazilian students. We used the data from the National School Health Survey to analyze the relationship between risk behaviors and three symptoms of mental health issues: feeling of being alone, number of close friends, and trouble sleeping due to worries. The sample consisted of 102,072 students in Brazil (48.3% boys and 51.7% girls), aged between 11 to 19 years. The risk behaviors evaluated were substance use, sedentary lifestyle, sexual behavior, and suffering violence and bullying. We have performed a multivariate analysis based on the Poisson regression model, and the measure of effect used was the prevalence ratio (PR) with confidence intervals (CI) of 95%. Our results showed that students with symptoms of mental health issues were involved in risky behaviors, including drug use and unsafe sex. Thus, mental illness outcomes may be associated with risky behaviors, or mental health may be impaired by them. Given these findings, in-school programs focused on improving mental health outcomes should be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Priscilla Rayanne e Silva Noll
- Public Health, Instituto Federal Goiano—Campus Ceres, Ceres 76300-000, Brazil; (D.F.S.S.E.); (P.R.eS.N.); (T.F.d.J.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-070, Brazil
| | - Thaís Ferreira de Jesus
- Public Health, Instituto Federal Goiano—Campus Ceres, Ceres 76300-000, Brazil; (D.F.S.S.E.); (P.R.eS.N.); (T.F.d.J.)
| | - Matias Noll
- Public Health, Instituto Federal Goiano—Campus Ceres, Ceres 76300-000, Brazil; (D.F.S.S.E.); (P.R.eS.N.); (T.F.d.J.)
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