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Yang Y, Qiu J, Kong J, Cao Y, Liu Y, Chen S, Wen Z, Sun F, Cao X. Development of a UPLC-MS/MS method for quantifying KPT-335 (Verdinexor) in feline plasma for a study of PK. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1438295. [PMID: 39132444 PMCID: PMC11310113 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1438295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
KPT-335 (Verdinexor) is a novel SINE that potently inhibits the nucleoprotein Exportin 1 (XPO1/CRM1) of tumor cell lines and reduces the replication level of the influenza virus. KPT-335 is mainly used for the treatment of canine tumors. Drugs for the effective treatment of feline tumors are currently unavailable in China. KPT-335 may have potential in the treatment of cat tumors. However, the effects of KPT-335 in cats are unreported, and no relevant methodology has been established for pharmacokinetic studies. In this study, a UPLC-MS/MS method was developed to determine KPT-335 concentrations in cat plasma, followed by pharmacokinetic studies. Briefly, plasma proteins are precipitated with acetonitrile, and the supernatant was collected for detection after centrifugation. The linearity for KPT-335 in cat plasma was in the range of 5-1,000 ng/mL. Satisfactory accuracy and precision were obtained. The intra-day accuracy was between -4.10% and 10.48%, the precision was ≤4.65%; the inter-day accuracy was between -0.11% and 8.09%, and the precision was ≤5.85%. Intra-day and inter-day accuracy and precision were within regulatory limits. The results of preliminary pharmacokinetic studies were as follows: Tmax was 1.46 ± 0.51 h; Cmax was 239.54 ± 190.60 ng·mL-1; T1/2 was 5.16 ± 2.30 h; AUC0-t was 1439.85 ± 964.64 ng·mL-1·h. The AUC0-∞ was 1589.82 ± 1003.75 ng·mL-1·h. The purpose of this study was to develop a rapid and simple UPLC-MS/MS method to detect KPT-335 concentration in cat plasma and to conduct preliminary pharmacokinetic studies to support the future application of KPT-335 in felines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Yang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jicheng Qiu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Kong
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuying Cao
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Sumeng Chen
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zeyu Wen
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xingyuan Cao
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Babar A, Babar M, Zubair H, Shahid A, Rafique S, Bano M, Waleed MS, Khan M, Inayat A, Safi D. Selinexor for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2024; 30:535-546. [PMID: 38454813 DOI: 10.1177/10781552241235902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple myeloma cells resist standard therapies due to overexpression of the transport protein, exportin 1. Selinexor is a novel drug that targets the Exportin 1 protein in these cells. DATA SOURCE A comprehensive search was done, and data showing the efficacy and safety of selinexor in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma was collected using PubMed, Google Scholar, and clincialtrials.gov. DATA SUMMARY Results from the clinical trials STORM, BOSTON, and STOMP were included. Parts I and II of the STORM trial revealed a progression-free survival (PFS) of 4.7 and 3.7 months, a median duration of response of 6.2 and 4.4 months, and an overall survival of 7.3 and 8.4 months, respectively. BOSTON trial's SVd arm (selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone) had a median follow-up period of 13.2 months and an mPFS of 13.93 months. The Vd arm (bortezomib and dexamethasone) had a median follow-up duration of 16.5 months and an mPFS of 9.46 months. The STOMP trial is still active and has limited data available. The SKd arm (selinexor, carfilzomib, and dexamethasone) reported an overall response rate of 66.7% in patients with triple refractory multiple myeloma, and 82% in patients with high-risk cytogenetics. The SPd arm (selinexor, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone) shows an overall response rate of 54.30% in pomalidomide naïve-nonrefractory, 35.70% in pomalidomide refractory and 60% in those dosed at RP2D. SRd arm (selinexor, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone) shows an overall response rate of 91.7% in lenalidomide naïve and 12.5% in lenalidomide refractory patients. SVd (selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone) arm reported an overall response rate of 63% in all patients while the SDd arm (selinexor, daratumumab, and dexamethasone) showed an overall response rate of 73%. CONCLUSION To improve the outcome of patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, it is critical to develop new therapies, assess potential therapeutic synergies, and overcome drug resistance by determining the efficacy of multiple myeloma therapies across multiple disease subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anum Babar
- Khyber Girls Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | - Hina Zubair
- Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Sana Rafique
- Liaquat National Medical College, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Maimona Bano
- Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | | | - Danish Safi
- J.W. Ruby Memorial Hospital, West Virginia, USA
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3
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Huang Q, Zhao R, Xu L, Hao X, Tao S. Treatment of multiple myeloma with selinexor: a review. Ther Adv Hematol 2024; 15:20406207231219442. [PMID: 38186637 PMCID: PMC10771077 DOI: 10.1177/20406207231219442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the last 20 years, breakthroughs in accessible therapies for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) have been made. Nevertheless, patients with MM resistant to immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors, and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies have a very poor outcome. Therefore, it is necessary to explore new drugs for the treatment of MM. This review summarizes the mechanism of action of selinexor, relevant primary clinical trials, and recent developments in both patients with relapsed/refractory myeloma and patients with newly diagnosed myeloma. Selinexor may be useful for the treatment of refractory MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianlei Huang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center, Haikou, China
| | - Ranran Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center, Haikou, China
| | - Xinbao Hao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center, Haikou, China
| | - Shi Tao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center, 31 Longhua Road, Haikou 570102, China
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4
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Liu X, Bao X, Li Z, Zhang Q. Investigation of Gene Networks in Three Components of Immune System Provides Novel Insights into Immune Response Mechanisms against Edwardsiella tarda Infection in Paralichthys olivaceus. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2542. [PMID: 37570350 PMCID: PMC10417057 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
As a quintessential marine teleost, Paralichthys olivaceus demonstrates vulnerability to a range of pathogens. Long-term infection with Edwardsiella tarda significantly inhibits fish growth and even induces death. Gills, blood, and kidneys, pivotal components of the immune system in teleosts, elicit vital regulatory roles in immune response processes including immune cell differentiation, diseased cell clearance, and other immunity-related mechanisms. This study entailed infecting P. olivaceus with E. tarda for 48 h and examining transcriptome data from the three components at 0, 8, and 48 h post-infection employing weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Network analyses revealed a series of immune response processes after infection and identified multiple key modules and key, core, and hub genes including xpo1, src, tlr13, stat1, and mefv. By innovatively amalgamating WGCNA and PPI network methodologies, our investigation facilitated an in-depth examination of immune response mechanisms within three significant P. olivaceus components post-E. tarda infection. Our results provided valuable genetic resources for understanding immunity in P. olivaceus immune-related components and assisted us in further exploring the molecular mechanisms of E. tarda infection in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xiaokai Bao
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Zan Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Quanqi Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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5
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Tong X, Jin J, Xu B, Su S, Li L, Li M, Peng Y, Mao X, Huang W, Zhang D. Real-world experience with selinexor-containing chemotherapy-free or low-dose chemotherapy regimens for patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia and myeloid sarcoma. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1217701. [PMID: 37601075 PMCID: PMC10436481 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1217701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Treatment of relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML) and myeloid sarcoma (MS) has presented challenges for decades. Studies on selinexor in combination with various standard or intensive chemotherapy regimens for the treatment of R/R AML have demonstrated promising results. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of chemotherapy-free or low-dose chemotherapy regimens with selinexor for R/R AML and MS patients. Methods: Ten patients with R/R AML or MS who received chemotherapy-free or low-dose chemotherapy regimens in combination with selinexor at Tongji Hospital from October 2021 to August 2022 were included in this study. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) and secondary endpoints included complete remission (CR), CR with incomplete hematological recovery (CRi), partial remission (PR), transplantation rate, and safety. Results: All patients were evaluable for response, achieving CR in four (40.0%) patients and CRi in two (20.0%) patients for a total CR/CRi of 60.0%. The ORR was 80.0% when patients with PR were included. Five (50.0%) patients underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) after treatment with selinexor-containing regimens. At the end of the follow-up, seven (70.0%) patients were alive, and three patients died of transplant-related complications or disease progression. The most frequently reported nonhematologic adverse events (AEs) in patients were grade 1 or 2 asymptomatic hyponatremia. Conclusion: The chemotherapy-free or low-dose chemotherapy regimens in combination with selinexor for R/R AML are feasible and tolerable and provide an opportunity for patients to receive transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Donghua Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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6
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Wen T, Geng M, Bai E, Wang X, Miao H, Chen Z, Zhou H, Wang J, Shi J, Zhang Y, Lei M, Zhu Y. KPT-330 and Y219 exert a synergistic antitumor effect in triple-negative breast cancer through inhibiting NF-κB signaling. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:751-762. [PMID: 36847599 PMCID: PMC10068319 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype, which has poor prognosis due to the lack of effective targeted drugs. KPT-330, an inhibitor of the nuclear export protein CRM-1, has been widely used in clinical medicine. Y219, a novel proteasome inhibitor designed by our group, shows superior efficacy, reduced toxicity, and reduced off-target effects as compared to the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib. In this study, we investigated the synergistic effect of KPT-330 and Y219 against TNBC cells, as well as the underlying mechanisms. We report that combination treatment with KPT-330 and Y219 synergistically inhibited the viability of TNBC cells in vitro and in vivo. Further analysis revealed that the combined use of KPT-330 and Y219 induced G2-M phase arrest and apoptosis in TNBC cells, and attenuated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling by facilitating nuclear localization of IκB-α. Collectively, these results suggest that the combined use of KPT-330 and Y219 may be an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Wen
- College of Life ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityChina
| | - Mengzhu Geng
- College of Life ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityChina
| | - Enhe Bai
- College of Life ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityChina
| | - Xueyuan Wang
- College of Life ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityChina
| | - Hang Miao
- College of ScienceNanjing Forestry UniversityChina
| | - Zhimeng Chen
- College of ScienceNanjing Forestry UniversityChina
| | - Hui Zhou
- College of Life ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityChina
| | - Jia Wang
- Jiangsu Chia Tai Fenghai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.NanjingChina
| | - Jingmiao Shi
- Jiangsu Chia Tai Fenghai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.NanjingChina
| | - Yin Zhang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanjing Normal UniversityChina
| | - Meng Lei
- College of ScienceNanjing Forestry UniversityChina
| | - Yongqiang Zhu
- College of Life ScienceNanjing Normal UniversityChina
- Jiangsu Chia Tai Fenghai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.NanjingChina
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical EngineeringNanjing Normal UniversityChina
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7
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Zhao C, Yang ZY, Zhang J, Li O, Liu SL, Cai C, Shu YJ, Pan LJ, Gong W, Dong P. Inhibition of XPO1 with KPT-330 induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis in gallbladder cancer by activating the p53/mTOR pathway. Lab Invest 2022; 20:434. [PMID: 36180918 PMCID: PMC9524043 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03635-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a highly aggressive malignant cancer in the biliary system with poor prognosis. XPO1 (chromosome region maintenance 1 or CRM1) mediates the nuclear export of several proteins, mainly tumor suppressors. Thus, XPO1 functions as a pro-oncogenic factor. KPT-330 (Selinexor) is a United States Food and Drug Administration approved selective inhibitor of XPO1 that demonstrates good therapeutic effects in hematologic cancers. However, the function of XPO1 and the effect of KPT-330 have not been reported in GBC. METHODS We analyzed the correlation between XPO1 expression levels by q-PCR and clinical features of GBC patients. Cell proliferation assays were used to analyze the in vitro antitumor effects of XPO1 inhibitor KPT-330. mRNA sequencing was used to explore the underlying mechanisms. Western blot was performed to explore the relationship between apoptosis and autophagy. The in vivo antitumor effect of KPT-330 was investigated in a nude mouse model of gallbladder cancer. RESULTS We found that high expression of XPO1 was related to poor prognosis of GBC patients. We observed that XPO1 inhibitor KPT-330 inhibited the proliferation of GBC cells in vitro. Furthermore, XPO1 inhibitor KPT-330 induced apoptosis by reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential and triggering autophagy in NOZ and GBC-SD cells. Indeed, XPO1 inhibitor KPT-330 led to nuclear accumulation of p53 and activated the p53/mTOR pathway to regulate autophagy-dependent apoptosis. Importantly, KPT-330 suppressed tumor growth with no obvious toxic effects in vivo. CONCLUSION XPO1 may be a promising prognostic indicator for GBC, and KPT-330 appears to be a potential drug for treating GBC effectively and safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhao
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zi-Yi Yang
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ou Li
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shi-Lei Liu
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chen Cai
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yi-Jun Shu
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Li-Jia Pan
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Wei Gong
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Ping Dong
- Laboratory of General Surgery and Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated With Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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8
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Qu B, Xu Y, Lu Y, Zhuang W, Jin X, Shi Q, Yan S, Guo Y, Shen Z, Che J, Wu Y, Tong L, Dong X, Yang H. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of sulfonamides inhibitors of XPO1 displaying activity against multiple myeloma cells. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 235:114257. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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9
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Remadevi V, Muraleedharan P, Sreeja S. FOXO1: a pivotal pioneer factor in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:4700-4710. [PMID: 34765288 PMCID: PMC8569351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor FOXO1 regulates cell cycle progression, apoptosis and oxidative stress. Interestingly, numerous studies have implicated their positive role in tumor suppression, angiogenesis and metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Distinct post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications actuate the physiological role of FOXO1 in OSCC. Here, we evaluate the role of FOXO1 proteins in OSCC, their fundamental structure and the major players involved in FOXO1 regulation and how they are Pharmacologically modulated in OSCC. Finally, their role in regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), autophagy, stress tolerance and stemness, which would significantly aid in novel potential oversight for future research and thus developing strategies to prevent or reverse OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viji Remadevi
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for BiotechnologyThiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695014, India
| | | | - Sreeharshan Sreeja
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for BiotechnologyThiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695014, India
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10
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Mathew C, Tamir S, Tripp RA, Ghildyal R. Reversible disruption of XPO1-mediated nuclear export inhibits respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) replication. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19223. [PMID: 34584169 PMCID: PMC8479129 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98767-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the primary cause of serious lower respiratory tract disease in infants, young children, the elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Therapy for RSV infections is limited to high risk infants and there are no safe and efficacious vaccines. Matrix (M) protein is a major RSV structural protein with a key role in virus assembly. Interestingly, M is localised to the nucleus early in infection and its export into the cytoplasm by the nuclear exporter, exportin-1 (XPO1) is essential for RSV assembly. We have shown previously that chemical inhibition of XPO1 function results in reduced RSV replication. In this study, we have investigated the anti-RSV efficacy of Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) compounds, KPT-335 and KPT-185. Our data shows that therapeutic administration of the SINE compounds results in reduced RSV titre in human respiratory epithelial cell culture. Within 24 h of treatment, RSV replication and XPO1 expression was reduced, M protein was partially retained in the nucleus, and cell cycle progression was delayed. Notably, the effect of SINE compounds was reversible within 24 h after their removal. Our data show that reversible inhibition of XPO1 can disrupt RSV replication by affecting downstream pathways regulated by the nuclear exporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Mathew
- Centre for Research in Therapeutic Solutions, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia
| | | | - Ralph A Tripp
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Reena Ghildyal
- Centre for Research in Therapeutic Solutions, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia.
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11
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Investigational Drug Treatments for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11070652. [PMID: 34357119 PMCID: PMC8303312 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11070652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer (BC) and accounts for 10–20% of cases. Due to the lack of expression of several receptors, hormone therapy is largely ineffective for treatment purposes. Nevertheless, TNBC often responds very well to chemotherapy, which constitutes the most often recommended treatment. New beneficial targeted therapies are important to be investigated in order to achieve enhanced outcomes in patients with TNBC. This review will focus on recent therapeutic innovations for TNBC, focusing on various inhibitors such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway inhibitors, poly-ADP-ribosyl polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, aurora kinase inhibitors, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs), and immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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12
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Holoubek A, Strachotová D, Otevřelová P, Röselová P, Heřman P, Brodská B. AML-Related NPM Mutations Drive p53 Delocalization into the Cytoplasm with Possible Impact on p53-Dependent Stress Response. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133266. [PMID: 34209894 PMCID: PMC8269334 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Nucleophosmin (NPM) is one of the most abundant nucleolar proteins and its mutations frequently occur in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The mutations cause aberrant cytoplasmic localization of mutated protein (NPMmut) and often mediate dislocation of NPM interaction partners. Tumor suppressor p53 is known to interact with NPM in response to genotoxic stress and its cytoplasmic localization is an unfavorable prognostic factor in cancers. This study aims to characterize the NPM-p53 interaction and to elucidate the effect of the NPM mutations on p53 localization and expression in live cells. In addition, the cellular dynamics of NPMmut and p53 after treatment with nuclear export inhibitor Selinexor is described and the mechanism of the Selinexor action proposed. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the oncogenic potential of NPM mutations. Abstract Nucleophosmin (NPM) interaction with tumor suppressor p53 is a part of a complex interaction network and considerably affects cellular stress response. The impact of NPM1 mutations on its interaction with p53 has not been investigated yet, although consequences of NPMmut-induced p53 export to the cytoplasm are important for understanding the oncogenic potential of these mutations. We investigated p53-NPM interaction in live HEK-293T cells by FLIM-FRET and in cell lysates by immunoprecipitation. eGFP lifetime-photoconversion was used to follow redistribution dynamics of NPMmut and p53 in Selinexor-treated cells. We confirmed the p53-NPMwt interaction in intact cells and newly documented that this interaction is not compromised by the NPM mutation causing displacement of p53 to the cytoplasm. Moreover, the interaction was not abolished for non-oligomerizing NPM variants with truncated oligomerization domain, suggesting that oligomerization is not essential for interaction of NPM forms with p53. Inhibition of the nuclear exporter XPO1 by Selinexor caused expected nuclear relocalization of both NPMmut and p53. However, significantly different return rates of these proteins indicate nontrivial mechanism of p53 and NPMmut cellular trafficking. The altered p53 regulation in cells expressing NPMmut offers improved understanding to help investigational strategies targeting these mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleš Holoubek
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.H.); (P.O.); (P.R.)
| | - Dita Strachotová
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Petra Otevřelová
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.H.); (P.O.); (P.R.)
| | - Pavla Röselová
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.H.); (P.O.); (P.R.)
| | - Petr Heřman
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: (P.H.); (B.B.); Tel.: +420-951-551-461 (P.H.); +420-221-977-354 (B.B.)
| | - Barbora Brodská
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (A.H.); (P.O.); (P.R.)
- Correspondence: (P.H.); (B.B.); Tel.: +420-951-551-461 (P.H.); +420-221-977-354 (B.B.)
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13
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Al-Zubidi N, Gombos DS, Hong DS, Subbiah V, Fu S, Ahnert JR, Piha-Paul SA, Tsimberidou AM, Karp DD, Bernstam FM, Naing A. Overview of Ocular Side Effects of Selinexor. Oncologist 2021; 26:619-623. [PMID: 33728727 DOI: 10.1002/onco.13756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this review is to elucidate the type and frequency of ocular adverse events associated with selinexor with a goal to quantify the occurrence of these events in our investigator-initiated trial. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 174 patients treated with at least one dose of selinexor in combination with multiple standard chemotherapy or immunotherapy agents between July 2015 and July 2020 at a comprehensive cancer center in the U.S. All reported ocular adverse events were assessed. RESULTS A total of 174 patient medical records were reviewed. All patients received at least one dose of selinexor in combination with multiple standard chemotherapy or immunotherapy agents in our cohort of patients with advanced malignancies. A total of 34 (19.54%) patients experienced 37 ocular adverse events. The most frequently reported ocular symptom was blurred vision, which was reported in 22 (12.64%) patients. The most frequently reported treatment-related adverse event was dry eye syndrome reported in 21 (12.1%) patients, and 19 (10.9%) of them were diagnosed with mild dry eye. The second most common treatment-related adverse event was the progression of age-related nuclear sclerosis (cataract) reported in 7 (4.0%) patients. None of the ocular adverse events required therapy discontinuation. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight that ocular adverse events associated with oral selinexor were mild. The most frequently reported ocular treatment-related adverse events were mild dry eye and progression of age-related nuclear sclerosis. None of the ocular adverse events required therapy discontinuation. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Patients receiving selinexor in combination with multiple standard chemotherapy or immunotherapy agents were reviewed, with a total of 34 patients experiencing 37 ocular adverse events. Findings highlight that ocular adverse events associated with oral selinexor were mild. The most frequently reported ocular treatment-related adverse events were mild dry eye and progression of age-related nuclear sclerosis. None of the ocular adverse events required therapy discontinuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagham Al-Zubidi
- Section of Ophthalmology, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dan S Gombos
- Section of Ophthalmology, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David S Hong
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Siqing Fu
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jordi Rodon Ahnert
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sarina A Piha-Paul
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Apostolia M Tsimberidou
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Daniel D Karp
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Funda Meric Bernstam
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aung Naing
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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14
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Seymour EK, Khan HY, Li Y, Chaker M, Muqbil I, Aboukameel A, Ramchandren R, Houde C, Sterbis G, Yang J, Bhutani D, Pregja S, Reichel K, Huddlestun A, Neveux C, Corona K, Landesman Y, Shah J, Kauffman M, Shacham S, Mohammad RM, Azmi AS, Zonder JA. Selinexor in Combination with R-CHOP for Frontline Treatment of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Results of a Phase I Study. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:3307-3316. [PMID: 33785483 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-4929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The nuclear exporter protein exportin-1 (XPO1) is overexpressed in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and correlates with poor prognosis. We evaluated enhancing R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) activity in NHL by targeted inhibition of XPO1 using the selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) compounds. PATIENTS AND METHODS We evaluated the antitumor activity of SINE compounds in combination with CHO chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. Newly diagnosed NHL patients in a phase I dose-escalation study received R-CHOP for 6 cycles with weekly selinexor (60, 80, and 100 mg), then selinexor maintenance therapy for one year. RT-PCR, Western blotting, and RNA sequencing were performed on patient blood samples. RESULTS SINE compounds synergized with CHO in vitro in NHL cell lines and in vivo in our murine xenograft model. In our phase I study, selinexor was dosed at 60 mg (n = 6) and 80 mg (n = 6). The most common adverse events (AE) among 12 patients were fatigue (67%) and nausea (100%). Grade 3-4 AEs were infrequent. Ten evaluable patients had an overall response rate of 100% and complete remission rate of 90% with sustained remissions (median follow-up: 476 days). Maximally tolerated dose was not reached; however, the recommended phase II dose was 60 mg selinexor weekly after evaluating tolerability and discontinuation rates for each dose cohort. Analysis of patient blood samples revealed downregulation of XPO1 and several prosurvival markers. CONCLUSIONS SINE compounds enhance the activity of CHO in vitro and in vivo. Selinexor in combination with R-CHOP was generally well tolerated and showed encouraging efficacy in NHL (NCT03147885).
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlene K Seymour
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Husain Yar Khan
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Yiwei Li
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Mahmoud Chaker
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Irfana Muqbil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Amro Aboukameel
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | | | | | - Jay Yang
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Divaya Bhutani
- Department of Oncology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | - Kathy Reichel
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | | | - Kelly Corona
- Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc., Newton, Massachusetts
| | | | - Jatin Shah
- Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc., Newton, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Ramzi M Mohammad
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
| | - Jeffrey A Zonder
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
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15
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Abeykoon JP, Wu X, Nowakowski KE, Dasari S, Paludo J, Weroha SJ, Hu C, Hou X, Sarkaria JN, Mladek AC, Phillips JL, Feldman AL, Ravindran A, King RL, Boysen J, Stenson MJ, Carr RM, Manske MK, Molina JR, Kapoor P, Parikh SA, Kumar S, Robinson SI, Yu J, Boughey JC, Wang L, Goetz MP, Couch FJ, Patnaik MM, Witzig TE. Salicylates enhance CRM1 inhibitor antitumor activity by induction of S-phase arrest and impairment of DNA-damage repair. Blood 2021; 137:513-523. [PMID: 33507295 PMCID: PMC7845010 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020009013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromosome region maintenance protein 1 (CRM1) mediates protein export from the nucleus and is a new target for anticancer therapeutics. Broader application of KPT-330 (selinexor), a first-in-class CRM1 inhibitor recently approved for relapsed multiple myeloma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, have been limited by substantial toxicity. We discovered that salicylates markedly enhance the antitumor activity of CRM1 inhibitors by extending the mechanisms of action beyond CRM1 inhibition. Using salicylates in combination enables targeting of a range of blood cancers with a much lower dose of selinexor, thereby potentially mitigating prohibitive clinical adverse effects. Choline salicylate (CS) with low-dose KPT-330 (K+CS) had potent, broad activity across high-risk hematological malignancies and solid-organ cancers ex vivo and in vivo. The K+CS combination was not toxic to nonmalignant cells as compared with malignant cells and was safe without inducing toxicity to normal organs in mice. Mechanistically, compared with KPT-330 alone, K+CS suppresses the expression of CRM1, Rad51, and thymidylate synthase proteins, leading to more efficient inhibition of CRM1-mediated nuclear export, impairment of DNA-damage repair, reduced pyrimidine synthesis, cell-cycle arrest in S-phase, and cell apoptosis. Moreover, the addition of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors further potentiates the K+CS antitumor effect. K+CS represents a new class of therapy for multiple types of blood cancers and will stimulate future investigations to exploit DNA-damage repair and nucleocytoplasmic transport for cancer therapy in general.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- Choline/administration & dosage
- Choline/adverse effects
- Choline/analogs & derivatives
- Choline/pharmacology
- DNA Repair/drug effects
- DNA Replication/drug effects
- DNA, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Combinations
- Drug Synergism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Hydrazines/administration & dosage
- Hydrazines/adverse effects
- Hydrazines/pharmacology
- Karyopherins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/pathology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/genetics
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Phthalazines/administration & dosage
- Phthalazines/pharmacology
- Piperazines/administration & dosage
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Random Allocation
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/antagonists & inhibitors
- S Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- Salicylates/administration & dosage
- Salicylates/adverse effects
- Salicylates/pharmacology
- Triazoles/administration & dosage
- Triazoles/adverse effects
- Triazoles/pharmacology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Exportin 1 Protein
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaosheng Wu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | | | | | - Jonas Paludo
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | | | - Chunling Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aishwarya Ravindran
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and
| | - Rebecca L King
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, and
| | - Justin Boysen
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shaji Kumar
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Health Sciences Research
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
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16
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Liao Y, Ke X, Deng T, Qin Q. The Second-Generation XPO1 Inhibitor Eltanexor Inhibits Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Replication and Promotes Type I Interferon Response. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:675112. [PMID: 34012430 PMCID: PMC8126617 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.675112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen and can be life-threatening for immunocompromised individuals. There is currently no available vaccine for the prevention of HCMV- associated diseases and most of the available antiviral drugs that target viral DNA synthesis become ineffective in treating HCMV mutants that arise after long-term use in immunocompromised patients. Here, we examined the effects of Eltanexor, a second-generation selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE), on HCMV replication. Eltanexor effectively inhibits HCMV replication in human foreskin fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. Eltanexor does not significantly inhibit viral entry and nuclear import of viral genomic DNA, but rather suppress the transcript and protein levels of viral immediate-early (IE), early (E) and late (L) genes, and abolishes the production of infectious virions. We further found Eltanexor treatment promotes proteasome-mediated degradation of XPO1, which contributes to the nuclear retention of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3), resulting in increased expression of type I interferon as well as interferon stimulating genes ISG15 and ISG54. This study reveals a novel antiviral mechanism of Eltanexor which suggests it has potential to inhibit a broad spectrum of viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyan Liao
- Laboratory of Human Virology and Oncology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xiangyu Ke
- Laboratory of Human Virology and Oncology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Tianyi Deng
- Laboratory of Human Virology and Oncology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Qingsong Qin
- Laboratory of Human Virology and Oncology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingsong Qin,
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17
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Abstract
FOXO proteins are transcription factors that are involved in numerous physiological processes and in various pathological conditions, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes and chronic neurological diseases. For example, FOXO proteins are context-dependent tumour suppressors that are frequently inactivated in human cancers, and FOXO3 is the second most replicated gene associated with extreme human longevity. Therefore, pharmacological manipulation of FOXO proteins is a promising approach to developing therapeutics for cancer and for healthy ageing. In this Review, we overview the role of FOXO proteins in health and disease and discuss the pharmacological approaches to modulate FOXO function.
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18
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HP1γ Sensitizes Cervical Cancer Cells to Cisplatin through the Suppression of UBE2L3. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21175976. [PMID: 32825184 PMCID: PMC7503686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21175976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is the most frequently used agent for chemotherapy against cervical cancer. However, recurrent use of cisplatin induces resistance, representing a major hurdle in the treatment of cervical cancer. Our previous study revealed that HP1γ suppresses UBE2L3, an E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, thereby enhancing the stability of tumor suppressor p53 specifically in cervical cancer cells. As a follow-up study of our previous findings, here we have identified that the pharmacological substances, leptomycin B and doxorubicin, can improve the sensitivity of cervical cancer cells to cisplatin inducing HP1γ-mediated elevation of p53. Leptomycin B, which inhibits the nuclear export of HP1γ, increased cisplatin-dependent apoptosis induction by promoting the activation of p53 signaling. We also found that doxorubicin, which induces the DNA damage response, promotes HP1γ-mediated silencing of UBE2L3 and increases p53 stability. These effects resulted from the nuclear translocation and binding of HP1γ on the UBE2L3 promoter. Doxorubicin sensitized the cisplatin-resistant cervical cancer cells, enhancing their p53 levels and rate of apoptosis when administered together with cisplatin. Our findings reveal a therapeutic strategy to target a specific molecular pathway that contributes to p53 degradation for the treatment of patients with cervical cancer, particularly with cisplatin resistance.
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19
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Jiménez I, Carabia J, Bobillo S, Palacio C, Abrisqueta P, Pagès C, Nieto JC, Castellví J, Martínez-Ricarte F, Escoda L, Perla C, Céspedes Torrez DH, Boix J, Purroy N, Puigdefàbregas L, Seoane J, Bosch F, Crespo M. Repolarization of tumor infiltrating macrophages and increased survival in mouse primary CNS lymphomas after XPO1 and BTK inhibition. J Neurooncol 2020; 149:13-25. [PMID: 32691208 PMCID: PMC7452938 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-020-03580-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients diagnosed with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) often face dismal outcomes due to the limited availability of therapeutic options. PCNSL cells frequently have deregulated B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, but clinical responses to its inhibition using ibrutinib have been brief. In this regard, blocking nuclear export by using selinexor, which covalently binds to XPO1, can also inhibit BCR signaling. Selinexor crosses the blood-brain barrier and was recently shown to have clinical activity in a patient with refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the CNS. We studied selinexor alone or in combination with ibrutinib in pre-clinical mouse models of PCNSL. METHODS Orthotopic xenograft models were established by injecting lymphoma cells into the brain parenchyma of athymic mice. Tumor growth was monitored by bioluminescence. Malignant cells and macrophages were studied by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. RESULTS Selinexor blocked tumor growth and prolonged survival in a bioluminescent mouse model, while its combination with ibrutinib further increased survival. CNS lymphoma in mice was infiltrated by tumor-promoting M2-like macrophages expressing PD-1 and SIRPα. Interestingly, treatment with selinexor and ibrutinib favored an anti-tumoral immune response by shifting polarization toward inflammatory M1-like and diminishing PD-1 and SIRPα expression in the remaining tumor-promoting M2-like macrophages. CONCLUSIONS These data highlight the pathogenic role of the innate immune microenvironment in PCNSL and provide pre-clinical evidence for the development of selinexor and ibrutinib as a new promising therapeutic option with cytotoxic and immunomodulatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Jiménez
- Experimental Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/Natzaret, 115-117, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Júlia Carabia
- Experimental Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/Natzaret, 115-117, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Sabela Bobillo
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Experimental Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Carles Palacio
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Experimental Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Pau Abrisqueta
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Experimental Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Carlota Pagès
- Experimental Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/Natzaret, 115-117, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Juan C Nieto
- Experimental Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/Natzaret, 115-117, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Josep Castellví
- Department of Pathology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Francisco Martínez-Ricarte
- Department of Neurosurgery, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Lourdes Escoda
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Cristóbal Perla
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | | | - Joan Boix
- Experimental Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/Natzaret, 115-117, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Noelia Purroy
- Experimental Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/Natzaret, 115-117, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, UK
| | - Lluís Puigdefàbregas
- Experimental Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/Natzaret, 115-117, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - Joan Seoane
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
- Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/Natzaret, 115-117, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca I Estudis Avançats (ICREA), CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Bosch
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Experimental Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, Barcelona, 08035, Spain
| | - Marta Crespo
- Experimental Hematology, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, C/Natzaret, 115-117, Barcelona, 08035, Spain.
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain.
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20
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Cela I, Di Matteo A, Federici L. Nucleophosmin in Its Interaction with Ligands. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4885. [PMID: 32664415 PMCID: PMC7402337 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleophosmin (NPM1) is a mainly nucleolar protein that shuttles between nucleoli, nucleoplasm and cytoplasm to fulfill its many functions. It is a chaperone of both nucleic acids and proteins and plays a role in cell cycle control, centrosome duplication, ribosome maturation and export, as well as the cellular response to a variety of stress stimuli. NPM1 is a hub protein in nucleoli where it contributes to nucleolar organization through heterotypic and homotypic interactions. Furthermore, several alterations, including overexpression, chromosomal translocations and mutations are present in solid and hematological cancers. Recently, novel germline mutations that cause dyskeratosis congenita have also been described. This review focuses on NPM1 interactions and inhibition. Indeed, the list of NPM1 binding partners is ever-growing and, in recent years, many studies contributed to clarifying the structural basis for NPM1 recognition of both nucleic acids and several proteins. Intriguingly, a number of natural and synthetic ligands that interfere with NPM1 interactions have also been reported. The possible role of NPM1 inhibitors in the treatment of multiple cancers and other pathologies is emerging as a new therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cela
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of Chieti “G. d’Annunzio”, Via Polacchi, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Adele Di Matteo
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM) of the CNR, c/o “Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy;
| | - Luca Federici
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University of Chieti “G. d’Annunzio”, Via Polacchi, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti “G. d’Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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21
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Richard S, Richter J, Jagannath S. Selinexor: a first-in-class SINE compound for treatment of relapsed refractory multiple myeloma. Future Oncol 2020; 16:1331-1350. [PMID: 32511022 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2020-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The progression of multiple myeloma is accompanied by complex cytogenetic and epigenetic alterations that include mutation or functional inactivation of tumor suppressor proteins and overexpression of oncoproteins. Patients whose myeloma is refractory to the three major classes of drugs including immunomodulatory agents, proteasome inhibitors and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies have a very poor prognosis. Drugs with novel mechanisms of action that can bypass resistance mechanisms are sorely needed for this group of patients. Selinexor represents a novel, oral agent with an innovative mechanism of action that offers a significant therapeutic advance in this group of heavily treated patients. Moreover, this novel mechanism may provide additional options for patients with less refractory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambavi Richard
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Tisch Cancer Institute, New York 10029, USA
| | - Joshua Richter
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Tisch Cancer Institute, New York 10029, USA
| | - Sundar Jagannath
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Tisch Cancer Institute, New York 10029, USA
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22
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Podar K, Shah J, Chari A, Richardson PG, Jagannath S. Selinexor for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2020; 21:399-408. [PMID: 31957504 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1707184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Despite unprecedented advances in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), almost all patients develop a disease that is resistant to the five most commonly used and active anti-MM agents. The prognosis for this patient population is particularly poor resulting in an unmet need for additional therapeutic options. Exportin-1 (XPO-1) is a major nuclear export protein of macromolecular cargo frequently overexpressed in MM. Selinexor is a first-in-class, oral Selective-Inhibitor-of-Nuclear-Export (SINE) compound that impedes XPO-1. Based on results of the STORM-trial, selinexor in combination with dexamethasone was granted accelerated FDA approval for patients with penta-refractory MM in July 2019.Areas covered: This article summarizes our up-to-date knowledge on the pathophysiologic role of XPO-1 in MM. Furthermore, it reviews the most recent clinical data on selinexor in combination with dexamethasone and other anti-MM agents; and discusses its safety profile, management strategies; and potential future developments.Expert opinion: Selinexor represents a next-generation-novel agent with an innovative mechanism of action that marks a significant advance in the treatment of heavily pretreated MM patients. Ongoing studies investigate its therapeutic potential also in earlier lines of therapy. Additional data is needed to confirm that selinexor and other SINE compounds are a valuable addition to our current therapeutic armamentarium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Podar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, University Hospital, Krems, Austria
| | - Jatin Shah
- Karyopharm Therapeutics, Newton, MA, USA
| | - Ajai Chari
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul G Richardson
- Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
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23
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Chanukuppa V, Paul D, Taunk K, Chatterjee T, Sharma S, Kumar S, Santra MK, Rapole S. XPO1 is a critical player for bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma: A quantitative proteomic approach. J Proteomics 2019; 209:103504. [PMID: 31465861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Among the blood cancers, 13% mortality is caused by Multiple myeloma (MM) type of hematological malignancy. In spite of therapeutic advances in chemotherapy treatment, still MM remains an incurable disease is mainly due to emergence of chemoresistance. At present time, FDA approved bortezomib is the first line drug for MM treatment. However, like other chemotherapy, MM patients are acquiring resistance against bortezomib. The present study aims to identify and validate bortezomib resistant protein targets in MM using iTRAQ and label free quantitative proteomic approaches. 112 differentially expressed proteins were commonly found in both approaches with similar differential expression pattern. Exportin-1 (XPO1) protein was selected for further validation as its significant high expression was observed in both iTRAQ and label free analysis. Bioinformatic analysis of these common differentially expressed proteins showed a clear cluster of proteins such as SMC1A, RCC2, CSE1, NUP88, NUP50, TPR, HSPA14, DYNLL1, RAD21 and RANBP2 being associated with XPO1. Functional studies like cell count assay, flow cytometry assay and soft agar assay proved that XPO1 knock down in RPMI 8226R cell line results in re-sensitization to bortezomib drug. The mass spectrometry data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD013859. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a type of hematological malignancy which constitutes about 13% of all blood cell related malignancies. Chemoresistance is one of the major obstacles for the successful treatment for MM. Bortezomib is a first proteasome inhibitor drug, widely used in MM treatment. The present study aims to identify and validate bortezomib resistant protein targets in MM. Here, we identified 112 candidate proteins to be associated with bortezomib resistance using global quantitative proteomic analysis. Among these candidate proteins, we show that XPO1 plays crucial role in emerging bortezomib resistance using functional studies like cell count assay, flow cytometry assay and soft agar assay. XPO1 could be a potential therapeutic target for MM and development of inhibitors of XPO1 might help to cure MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh Chanukuppa
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India; Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India
| | - Debasish Paul
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India; Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India
| | - Khushman Taunk
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India
| | | | | | - Saravanan Kumar
- Thermo Fisher Scientific India Pvt. Ltd, Whitefield, Bangalore 560066, KA, India
| | - Manas K Santra
- Cancer Biology and Epigenetics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India
| | - Srikanth Rapole
- Proteomics Lab, National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, MH, India.
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24
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Jakubowiak AJ, Jasielec JK, Rosenbaum CA, Cole CE, Chari A, Mikhael J, Nam J, McIver A, Severson E, Stephens LA, Tinari K, Rosebeck S, Zimmerman TM, Hycner T, Turowski A, Karrison T, Zonder JA. Phase 1 study of selinexor plus carfilzomib and dexamethasone for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 2019; 186:549-560. [PMID: 31124580 PMCID: PMC6772147 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Selinexor, an oral Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export, targets Exportin 1 (XPO1, also termed CRM1). Non-clinical studies support combining selinexor with proteasome inhibitors (PIs) and corticosteroids to overcome resistance in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). We conducted a phase I dose-escalation trial of twice-weekly selinexor in combination with carfilzomib and dexamethasone (SKd) to determine maximum tolerated dose in patients with RRMM (N = 21), with an expansion cohort to assess activity in carfilzomib-refractory disease and identify a recommended phase II dose (RP2D). During dose escalation, there was one dose-limiting toxicity (cardiac failure). The RP2D of twice-weekly SKd was selinexor 60 mg, carfilzomib 20/27 mg/m2 and dexamethasone 20 mg. The most common grade 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events included thrombocytopenia (71%), anaemia (33%), lymphopenia (33%), neutropenia (33%) and infections (24%). Rates of ≥minimal response, ≥partial response and very good partial response were 71%, 48% and 14%, respectively; similar response outcomes were observed for dual-class refractory (PI and immunomodulatory drug)/quad-exposed (carfilzomib, bortezomib, lenalidomide and pomalidomide) patients (n = 17), and patients refractory to carfilzomib in last line of therapy (n = 13). Median progression-free survival was 3·7 months, and overall survival was 22·4 months in the overall population. SKd was tolerable and re-established disease control in RRMM patients, including carfilzomib-refractory patients. Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02199665).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Craig E. Cole
- Department of MedicineDivision of Hematology/OncologyUniversity of Michigan School of MedicineAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Ajai Chari
- Tisch Cancer Institute/Multiple Myeloma ProgramMount Sinai School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Joseph Mikhael
- Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, and International Myeloma FoundationLos AngelesCAUSA
- Present address:
Translational Genomics Research InstituteCity of Hope Cancer CenterPhoenixAZUSA
| | - Jennifer Nam
- University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoILUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tyler Hycner
- University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoILUSA
| | | | | | - Jeffrey A. Zonder
- Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer InstituteWayne State UniversityDetroitMIUSA
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25
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TRAIL responses are enhanced by nuclear export inhibition in osteosarcoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 517:383-389. [PMID: 31362889 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anti-tumour agent that induces apoptosis of malignant cells through activation of death receptors. Death receptor agonistic antibodies are in clinical trials as TRAIL-mimetics, however, along with TRAIL monotherapy, there is limited efficacy due to the rapid emergence of TRAIL resistance, or due to existing TRAIL-insensitive disease. TRAIL-sensitisers, which enhance TRAIL activity or overcome TRAIL resistance, may facilitate death receptor agonists as viable anti-tumour strategies. In this study we demonstrate that the nuclear export inhibitor Leptomycin B, is a potent in vitro TRAIL-sensitiser in osteosarcoma cell lines. Leptomycin B works synergistically with both TRAIL and death receptor 5 agonistic antibodies to induce apoptosis in TRAIL sensitive cell lines. Further, Leptomycin B sensitises TRAIL-insensitive cell lines to TRAIL and death receptor agonistic antibody mediated apoptosis. We also confirmed that aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) positive cells are not resistant to the apoptotic effects of TRAIL and Leptomycin B, an important observation since ALDH positive cells can have enhanced tumorigenicity and are implicated in disease recurrence and metastasis. The nuclear export pathway in combination with death receptor agonists, is a potential therapeutic strategy in osteosarcoma and warrants further research on clinically relevant selective inhibitors of nuclear export.
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26
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Navarro-Bailón A, Jiménez C, Alonso-Álvarez S, Alcoceba M, González-Calle V, Chillón MC, García-Álvarez M, Prieto I, Medina A, González M, Caballero MD, Blanco Ó, Díaz LG, García-Sanz R, Sarasquete ME. Exportin-1 E571K mutation is a common finding in patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Hematol Oncol 2019; 37:215-218. [PMID: 30548996 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Almudena Navarro-Bailón
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer de Salamanca; Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Cristina Jiménez
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer de Salamanca; Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Sara Alonso-Álvarez
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Miguel Alcoceba
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer de Salamanca; Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Verónica González-Calle
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer de Salamanca; Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Carmen Chillón
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer de Salamanca; Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - María García-Álvarez
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer de Salamanca; Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Isabel Prieto
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer de Salamanca; Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alejandro Medina
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer de Salamanca; Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marcos González
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer de Salamanca; Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Dolores Caballero
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer de Salamanca; Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Óscar Blanco
- Servicio de Anatomía Patologica, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis Gonzaga Díaz
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ramón García-Sanz
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer de Salamanca; Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Eugenia Sarasquete
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer de Salamanca; Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
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27
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Abeykoon JP, Paludo J, Nowakowski KE, Stenson MJ, King RL, Wellik LE, Wu X, Witzig TE. The effect of CRM1 inhibition on human non-Hodgkin lymphoma cells. Blood Cancer J 2019; 9:24. [PMID: 30808874 PMCID: PMC6391437 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-019-0188-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jithma P Abeykoon
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Jonas Paludo
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kevin E Nowakowski
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Mary J Stenson
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Rebecca L King
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Linda E Wellik
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Xiaosheng Wu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Thomas E Witzig
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
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28
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Wang AY, Liu H. The past, present, and future of CRM1/XPO1 inhibitors. Stem Cell Investig 2019; 6:6. [PMID: 30976603 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2019.02.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Therapies targeted at inhibiting nucleo-cytoplasmic transport have found broad applications in the field of oncology. Chromosome region maintenance 1 (CRM1), better known as exportin 1 (XPO1), is the protein transporter responsible for the nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling of most of the tumor suppressor proteins (TSP) and growth regulatory factors. XPO1 is also upregulated in many malignancies and associated with a poor prognosis. Its inhibition has been a target of therapy, and hence, the selective inhibitors of nuclear transport (SINE) compounds were developed as a novel class of anti-cancer agents. The most well-known SINE agent is selinexor (KPT-330) and has been widely tested in phase I and II clinical trials in both solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. This review discusses how dysregulation of XPO1 promotes tumorigenesis, the historical considerations in the development of SINE compounds, and their role in current clinical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Y Wang
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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29
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Yan D, Pomicter AD, Tantravahi S, Mason CC, Senina AV, Ahmann JM, Wang Q, Than H, Patel AB, Heaton WL, Eiring AM, Clair PM, Gantz KC, Redwine HM, Swierczek SI, Halverson BJ, Baloglu E, Shacham S, Khorashad JS, Kelley TW, Salama ME, Miles RR, Boucher KM, Prchal JT, O'Hare T, Deininger MW. Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Transport Is a Therapeutic Target in Myelofibrosis. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 25:2323-2335. [PMID: 30563936 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Myelofibrosis is a hematopoietic stem cell neoplasm characterized by bone marrow reticulin fibrosis, extramedullary hematopoiesis, and frequent transformation to acute myeloid leukemia. Constitutive activation of JAK/STAT signaling through mutations in JAK2, CALR, or MPL is central to myelofibrosis pathogenesis. JAK inhibitors such as ruxolitinib reduce symptoms and improve quality of life, but are not curative and do not prevent leukemic transformation, defining a need to identify better therapeutic targets in myelofibrosis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A short hairpin RNA library screening was performed on JAK2V617F-mutant HEL cells. Nuclear-cytoplasmic transport (NCT) genes including RAN and RANBP2 were among top candidates. JAK2V617F-mutant cell lines, human primary myelofibrosis CD34+ cells, and a retroviral JAK2V617F-driven myeloproliferative neoplasms mouse model were used to determine the effects of inhibiting NCT with selective inhibitors of nuclear export compounds KPT-330 (selinexor) or KPT-8602 (eltanexor). RESULTS JAK2V617F-mutant HEL, SET-2, and HEL cells resistant to JAK inhibition are exquisitely sensitive to RAN knockdown or pharmacologic inhibition by KPT-330 or KPT-8602. Inhibition of NCT selectively decreased viable cells and colony formation by myelofibrosis compared with cord blood CD34+ cells and enhanced ruxolitinib-mediated growth inhibition and apoptosis, both in newly diagnosed and ruxolitinib-exposed myelofibrosis cells. Inhibition of NCT in myelofibrosis CD34+ cells led to nuclear accumulation of p53. KPT-330 in combination with ruxolitinib-normalized white blood cells, hematocrit, spleen size, and architecture, and selectively reduced JAK2V617F-mutant cells in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our data implicate NCT as a potential therapeutic target in myelofibrosis and provide a rationale for clinical evaluation in ruxolitinib-exposed patients with myelofibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Yan
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Srinivas Tantravahi
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Clinton C Mason
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Anna V Senina
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jonathan M Ahmann
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Qiang Wang
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
| | - Hein Than
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Department of Haematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ami B Patel
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - William L Heaton
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Anna M Eiring
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Phillip M Clair
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Kevin C Gantz
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Hannah M Redwine
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Sabina I Swierczek
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | | | | | - Jamshid S Khorashad
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Health Care NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Todd W Kelley
- Department of Pathology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Mohamed E Salama
- Department of Pathology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Rodney R Miles
- Department of Pathology, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Kenneth M Boucher
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Josef T Prchal
- Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Thomas O'Hare
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.,Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Michael W Deininger
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah. .,Division of Hematology and Hematologic Malignancies, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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30
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Fechter K, Feichtinger J, Prochazka K, Unterluggauer JJ, Pansy K, Steinbauer E, Pichler M, Haybaeck J, Prokesch A, Greinix HT, Beham-Schmid C, Neumeister P, Thallinger GG, Deutsch AJA. Cytoplasmic location of NR4A1 in aggressive lymphomas is associated with a favourable cancer specific survival. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14528. [PMID: 30266952 PMCID: PMC6162226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32972-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear orphan receptor NR4A1 functions as tumour suppressor in aggressive lymphomas by pro-apoptotic genomic and non-genomic effects. Here, we immunohistochemically studied the clinico-pathological relevance of NR4A1 protein expression patterns in a cohort of 60 diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients and non-neoplastic lymph nodes. We observed a significant association between high cytoplasmic NR4A1 and favourable cancer-specific survival and the germinal centre B cell-like subtype, respectively. Moreover, the percentage of lymphoma cells exhibiting cytoplasmic NR4A1 significantly correlated to those showing cleaved caspase 3. Complementary, functional profiling using gene set enrichment of Reactome pathways based on publicly available microarray data was applied to determine pathways potentially implicated in cytoplasmic localization of NR4A1 and validated by means of semi quantitative real-time PCR. The pathway analysis revealed changes in the ERK1/2 pathway, and this was corroborated by the finding that high cytoplasmic NR4A1 was associated with higher expression of ERK1/2 targets in our cohort. These data indicate that high cytoplasmic NR4A1 is associated with a favourable lymphoma-specific survival and highlights the importance of NR4A1 expression patterns as potential prognostic marker for risk assessment in aggressive lymphomas.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Cohort Studies
- Cytoplasm/genetics
- Cytoplasm/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/epidemiology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/analysis
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1/genetics
- Survival Analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Fechter
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Feichtinger
- Institute of Computational Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Omics Center Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Katharina Prochazka
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Katrin Pansy
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Martin Pichler
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Pathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Prokesch
- Institute of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Hildegard T Greinix
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Peter Neumeister
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard G Thallinger
- Institute of Computational Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
- BioTechMed Omics Center Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Alexander J A Deutsch
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.
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31
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Gandhi UH, Senapedis W, Baloglu E, Unger TJ, Chari A, Vogl D, Cornell RF. Clinical Implications of Targeting XPO1-mediated Nuclear Export in Multiple Myeloma. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2018; 18:335-345. [PMID: 29610030 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of plasma cells that is typically chronic, and relapse is common. Current therapeutic strategies include combination and sequential treatments with corticosteroids, alkylating agents, proteasomal inhibitors, immunomodulators, and monoclonal antibodies. These drugs prolong survival but ultimately become ineffective. Exportin 1 (XPO1), a nuclear export protein, is overexpressed in MM cells, and knockdown studies have suggested that XPO1 is essential for MM cell survival. Selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) compounds are novel, orally bioavailable class of agents that specifically inhibit XPO1. Selinexor (KPT-330) is the first-in-human SINE compound. Early phase clinical trials have established the safety profile of this agent and have shown promising efficacy in combination with low-dose dexamethasone and other anti-MM agents. The combination of selinexor and dexamethasone has demonstrated activity in "penta-refractory" MM, (ie, MM refractory to the 5 most active anti-MM agents currently used in treatment). We have reviewed the available data on the molecular implications of XPO1 inhibition in MM. We also reviewed the pertinent early phase clinical data with SINE compounds and discuss management strategies for common toxicities encountered with use of selinexor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujjawal H Gandhi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | | | | | | | - Ajai Chari
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Dan Vogl
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Robert F Cornell
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.
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Wu J, Zhang M, Liu D. Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor ONO/GS-4059: from bench to bedside. Oncotarget 2018; 8:7201-7207. [PMID: 27776353 PMCID: PMC5351700 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, ibrutinib, has been approved for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, and Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia. Acquired resistance to ibrutinib due to BTK C481S mutation has been reported. Mutations in PLC?2 can also mediate resistance to ibrutinib. Untoward effects due to off-target effects are also disadvantages of ibrutinib. More selective and potent BTK inhibitors (ACP-196, ONO/GS-4059, BGB-3111, CC-292) are being investigated. This review summarized the preclinical research and clinical data of ONO/GS-4059.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wu
- Department of Oncology, The first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Delong Liu
- Department of Oncology, The first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Wang AY, Weiner H, Green M, Chang H, Fulton N, Larson RA, Odenike O, Artz AS, Bishop MR, Godley LA, Thirman MJ, Kosuri S, Churpek JE, Curran E, Pettit K, Stock W, Liu H. A phase I study of selinexor in combination with high-dose cytarabine and mitoxantrone for remission induction in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:4. [PMID: 29304833 PMCID: PMC5756334 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0550-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Novel therapies for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are imperative, particularly for those with high-risk features. Selinexor, an exportin 1 (XPO1/CRM1) inhibitor, has demonstrated anti-leukemia activity as a single agent, as well as in combination with anthracyclines and/or DNA-damaging agents. METHODS We report the findings of a phase I dose escalation trial with cohort expansion in 20 patients with newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory AML that combined selinexor with age-adjusted high-dose cytarabine and mitoxantrone (HiDAC/Mito). RESULTS Three (15%) patients received the initial dose of 60 mg of selinexor (~ 35 mg/m2), and 17 (85%) received the target level of 80 mg (~ 50 mg/m2). No dose-limiting toxicities were observed. Common adverse events included febrile neutropenia (70%), diarrhea (40%), anorexia (30%), electrolyte abnormalities (30%), bacteremia (25%), cardiac toxicities (25%), fatigue (25%), and nausea/vomiting (25%). None were unexpected given the HiDAC/Mito regimen. Serious adverse events occurred in 6 (30%) patients; one was fatal. Ten (50%) patients achieved a complete remission (CR), 3 (15%) achieved CR with incomplete recovery (CRi), 1 (5%) achieved partial remission (PR), and 6 (30%) had progressive disease for an overall response rate (ORR) of 70%. Eight of 14 (57%) responders proceeded to allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Correlative studies of WT1 levels showed persistently detectable levels in patients who either did not respond or relapsed quickly after induction. CONCLUSION The selinexor/HiDAC/Mito regimen is feasible and tolerable at selinexor doses of 80 mg/day (~ 50 mg/m2/day) twice weekly. The recommended phase II dose is 80 mg and warrants further study in this combination. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT02573363 . Registered October 5, 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Y Wang
- Internal Medicine/Pediatric Residency Program, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Howard Weiner
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637-1470, USA
| | - Margaret Green
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637-1470, USA
| | - Hua Chang
- Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc, 85 Wells Avenue, Suite 210, Newton, MA, 02459, USA
| | - Noreen Fulton
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637-1470, USA
| | - Richard A Larson
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637-1470, USA
| | - Olatoyosi Odenike
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637-1470, USA
| | - Andrew S Artz
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637-1470, USA
| | - Michael R Bishop
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637-1470, USA
| | - Lucy A Godley
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637-1470, USA
| | - Michael J Thirman
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637-1470, USA
| | - Satyajit Kosuri
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637-1470, USA
| | - Jane E Churpek
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637-1470, USA
| | - Emily Curran
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637-1470, USA
| | - Kristen Pettit
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wendy Stock
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637-1470, USA
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland, MC 2115, Chicago, IL, 60637-1470, USA.
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Yogarajah M, Stone RM. A concise review of BCL-2 inhibition in acute myeloid leukemia. Expert Rev Hematol 2018; 11:145-154. [DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2018.1420474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meera Yogarajah
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Richard M. Stone
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Peripheral T-cell lymphomas: Focusing on novel agents in relapsed and refractory disease. Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 60:120-129. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Argnani L, Broccoli A, Zinzani PL. Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: Focusing on novel agents in relapsed and refractory disease. Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 61:61-69. [PMID: 29102679 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Patients with relapsed or refractory cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) display a dismal prognosis and their therapy represents an unmet medical need, as the best treatment strategy is yet to be determined. Exciting data on novel targeted agents are now emerging from recently concluded and ongoing clinical trials in patients with relapsed and refractory CTCL. Three FDA approved compounds are used as single agents including the oral retinoid bexarotene and histone deacetylase inhibitors romidepsin and vorinostat. Brentuximab vedotin, an anti-CD30 drug-conjugated monoclonal antibody, has received from European Commission the orphan designation but has not been approved by EMA yet. Several other molecules have demonstrated their activity in the same context and combination strategies are being explored. Participation in a well designed clinical trial is encouraged, as the introduction of novel agents will continue to expand the therapeutics options available in the management of CTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Argnani
- Institute of Hematology "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Broccoli
- Institute of Hematology "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Zinzani
- Institute of Hematology "L. e A. Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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Mathew C, Ghildyal R. CRM1 Inhibitors for Antiviral Therapy. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1171. [PMID: 28702009 PMCID: PMC5487384 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are a major global concern and despite major advancements in medical research, still cause significant morbidity and mortality. Progress in antiviral therapy is particularly hindered by appearance of mutants capable of overcoming the effects of drugs targeting viral components. Alternatively, development of drugs targeting host proteins essential for completion of viral lifecycle holds potential as a viable strategy for antiviral therapy. Nucleocytoplasmic trafficking pathways in particular are involved in several pathological conditions including cancer and viral infections, where hijacking or alteration of function of key transporter proteins, such as Chromosome Region Maintenance1 (CRM1) is observed. Overexpression of CRM1-mediated nuclear export is evident in several solid and hematological malignancies. Interestingly, CRM1-mediated nuclear export of viral components is crucial in various stages of the viral lifecycle and assembly. This review summarizes the role of CRM1 in cancer and selected viruses. Leptomycin B (LMB) is the prototypical inhibitor of CRM1 potent against various cancer cell lines overexpressing CRM1 and in limiting viral infections at nanomolar concentrations in vitro. However, the irreversible shutdown of nuclear export results in high cytotoxicity and limited efficacy in vivo. This has prompted search for synthetic and natural CRM1 inhibitors that can potentially be developed as broadly active antivirals, some of which are summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reena Ghildyal
- Respiratory Virology Group, Centre for Research in Therapeutic Solutions, Health Research Institute, University of CanberraCanberra, ACT, Australia
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38
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Fung HYJ, Fu SC, Chook YM. Nuclear export receptor CRM1 recognizes diverse conformations in nuclear export signals. eLife 2017; 6:e23961. [PMID: 28282025 PMCID: PMC5358978 DOI: 10.7554/elife.23961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear export receptor CRM1 binds highly variable nuclear export signals (NESs) in hundreds of different cargoes. Previously we have shown that CRM1 binds NESs in both polypeptide orientations (Fung et al., 2015). Here, we show crystal structures of CRM1 bound to eight additional NESs which reveal diverse conformations that range from loop-like to all-helix, which occupy different extents of the invariant NES-binding groove. Analysis of all NES structures show 5-6 distinct backbone conformations where the only conserved secondary structural element is one turn of helix that binds the central portion of the CRM1 groove. All NESs also participate in main chain hydrogen bonding with human CRM1 Lys568 side chain, which acts as a specificity filter that prevents binding of non-NES peptides. The large conformational range of NES backbones explains the lack of a fixed pattern for its 3-5 hydrophobic anchor residues, which in turn explains the large array of peptide sequences that can function as NESs.
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MESH Headings
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Binding Sites
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Cloning, Molecular
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Hydrogen Bonding
- Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
- Karyopherins/chemistry
- Karyopherins/genetics
- Karyopherins/metabolism
- Models, Molecular
- Nuclear Export Signals
- Protein Binding
- Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical
- Protein Conformation, beta-Strand
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/chemistry
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Thermodynamics
- Exportin 1 Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Yee Joyce Fung
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Szu-Chin Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Yuh Min Chook
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
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Camus V, Miloudi H, Taly A, Sola B, Jardin F. XPO1 in B cell hematological malignancies: from recurrent somatic mutations to targeted therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:47. [PMID: 28196522 PMCID: PMC5307790 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0412-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Many recent publications highlight the large role of the pivotal eukaryotic nuclear export protein exportin-1 (XPO1) in the oncogenesis of several malignancies, and there is emerging evidence that XPO1 inhibition is a key target against cancer. The clinical validation of the pharmacological inhibition of XPO1 was recently achieved with the development of the selective inhibitor of nuclear export compounds, displaying an interesting anti-tumor activity in patients with massive pre-treated hematological malignancies. Recent reports have shown molecular alterations in the gene encoding XPO1 and showed a mutation hotspot (E571K) in the following two hematological malignancies with similar phenotypes and natural histories: primary mediastinal diffuse large B cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin's lymphoma. Emerging evidence suggests that the mutant XPO1 E571K plays a role in carcinogenesis, and this variant is quantifiable in tumor and plasma cell-free DNA of patients using highly sensitive molecular biology techniques, such as digital PCR and next-generation sequencing. Therefore, it was proposed that the XPO1 E571K variant may serve as a minimal residual disease tool in this setting. To clarify and summarize the recent findings on the role of XPO1 in B cell hematological malignancies, we conducted a literature search to present the major publications establishing the landscape of XPO1 molecular alterations, their impact on the XPO1 protein, their interest as biomarkers, and investigations into the development of new XPO1-targeted therapies in B cell hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Camus
- Normandie Univ, INSERM U1245, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, Caen, France
- Department of Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
| | - Hadjer Miloudi
- Normandie Univ, INSERM U1245, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, Caen, France
| | - Antoine Taly
- Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Sola
- Normandie Univ, INSERM U1245, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, Caen, France.
| | - Fabrice Jardin
- Normandie Univ, INSERM U1245, UNICAEN, UNIROUEN, Caen, France
- Department of Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France
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Muqbil I, Aboukameel A, Elloul S, Carlson R, Senapedis W, Baloglu E, Kauffman M, Shacham S, Bhutani D, Zonder J, Azmi AS, Mohammad RM. Anti-tumor activity of selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) compounds, is enhanced in non-Hodgkin lymphoma through combination with mTOR inhibitor and dexamethasone. Cancer Lett 2016; 383:309-317. [PMID: 27693556 PMCID: PMC5584550 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In previous studies we demonstrated that targeting the nuclear exporter protein exportin-1 (CRM1/XPO1) by a selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) compound is a viable therapeutic strategy against Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). Our studies along with pre-clinical work from others led to the evaluation of the lead SINE compound, selinexor, in a phase 1 trial in patients with CLL or NHL (NCT02303392). Continuing our previous work, we studied combinations of selinexor-dexamethasone (DEX) and selinexor-everolimus (EVER) in NHL. Combination of selinexor with DEX or EVER resulted in enhanced cytotoxicity in WSU-DLCL2 and WSU-FSCCL cells which was consistent with enhanced apoptosis. Molecular analysis showed enhancement in the activation of apoptotic signaling and down-regulation of XPO1. This enhancement is consistent with the mechanism of action of these drugs in that both selinexor and DEX antagonize NF-κB (p65) and mTOR (EVER target) is an XPO1 cargo protein. SINE compounds, KPT-251 and KPT-276, showed activities similar to CHOP (cyclophosphamide-hydroxydaunorubicin-oncovin-prednisone) regimen in subcutaneous and disseminated NHL xenograft models in vivo. In both animal models the anti-lymphoma activity of selinexor is enhanced through combination with DEX or EVER. The in vivo activity of selinexor and related SINE compounds relative to 'standard of care' treatment is consistent with the objective responses observed in Phase I NHL patients treated with selinexor. Our pre-clinical data provide a rational basis for testing these combinations in Phase II NHL trials.
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MESH Headings
- Acrylamides/pharmacology
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus/drug effects
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cyclophosphamide/pharmacology
- Dexamethasone/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Drug Synergism
- Everolimus/pharmacology
- Humans
- Hydrazines/pharmacology
- Karyopherins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Karyopherins/metabolism
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/enzymology
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Mice, SCID
- Oxadiazoles/pharmacology
- Prednisone/pharmacology
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Thiazoles/pharmacology
- Time Factors
- Transcription Factor RelA/antagonists & inhibitors
- Transcription Factor RelA/metabolism
- Triazoles/pharmacology
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Vincristine/pharmacology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Exportin 1 Protein
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University, USA
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Wang S, Song Y, Yan F, Liu D. Mechanisms of resistance to third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Front Med 2016; 10:383-388. [PMID: 27770386 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-016-0488-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Arkwright R, Pham TM, Zonder JA, Dou QP. The preclinical discovery and development of bortezomib for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2016; 12:225-235. [PMID: 27917682 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2017.1268596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an incurable, often aggressive B-cell malignancy. Bortezomib (BTZ), the 20S proteasome inhibitor was originally developed and approved for treatment of relapsed refractory multiple myeloma, and subsequently approved for treatment of MCL. BTZ's single-agent activity induces clinical responses in approximately one-third of relapsed MCL patients. BTZ-containing combination therapies have further improved the quality and duration of clinical responses compared to standard chemotherapies in previously untreated MCL patients. Areas covered: This review summarizes the discovery, mechanisms of -action and resistance, preclinical- clinical-developments, and FDA approval of BTZ for treatments of MCL. Expert opinion: Preclinical MCL models demonstrated the apoptotic effect of BTZ through multiple mechanisms, as well as synergistic anti-MCL activity between BTZ and other chemotherapeutics. Single-agent and combinational clinical trials have validated the therapeutic potential of targeting the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) in MCL. However, inherent and acquired drug resistance remains a significant clinical problem and multiple potential mechanisms have been identified. Next-generation proteasome inhibitors with different pharmacodynamic properties from BTZ may partially address the issue of inherent resistance, with increased response rates noted in some diseases. In addition, upstream UPS components, e.g., E3 ligases or deubiquitinating enzymes, may also be targetable in MCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Arkwright
- a Department of Oncology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , Michigan , USA.,b Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute , Detroit , Michigan , USA
| | - Tri Minh Pham
- c Department of Pathology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , Michigan , USA
| | - Jeffrey A Zonder
- a Department of Oncology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , Michigan , USA.,b Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute , Detroit , Michigan , USA
| | - Q Ping Dou
- a Department of Oncology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , Michigan , USA.,b Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute , Detroit , Michigan , USA.,c Department of Pathology , Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit , Michigan , USA
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Horn H, Staiger AM, Ott G. New targeted therapies for malignant lymphoma based on molecular heterogeneity. Expert Rev Hematol 2016; 10:39-51. [DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2017.1268046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heike Horn
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart and University of Tübingen, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Annette M. Staiger
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart and University of Tübingen, Stuttgart, Germany
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - German Ott
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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44
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Kashyap T, Argueta C, Aboukameel A, Unger TJ, Klebanov B, Mohammad RM, Muqbil I, Azmi AS, Drolen C, Senapedis W, Lee M, Kauffman M, Shacham S, Landesman Y. Selinexor, a Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) compound, acts through NF-κB deactivation and combines with proteasome inhibitors to synergistically induce tumor cell death. Oncotarget 2016; 7:78883-78895. [PMID: 27713151 PMCID: PMC5346685 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear export protein, exportin-1 (XPO1/CRM1), is overexpressed in many cancers and correlates with poor prognosis. Selinexor, a first-in-class Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) compound, binds covalently to XPO1 and blocks its function. Treatment of cancer cells with selinexor results in nuclear retention of major tumor suppressor proteins and cell cycle regulators, leading to growth arrest and apoptosis. Recently, we described the selection of SINE compound resistant cells and reported elevated expression of inflammation-related genes in these cells. Here, we demonstrated that NF-κB transcriptional activity is up-regulated in cells that are naturally resistant or have acquired resistance to SINE compounds. Resistance to SINE compounds was created by knockdown of the cellular NF-κB inhibitor, IκB-α. Combination treatment of selinexor with proteasome inhibitors decreased NF-κB activity, sensitized SINE compound resistant cells and showed synergistic cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we showed that selinexor inhibited NF-κB activity by blocking phosphorylation of the IκB-α and the NF-κB p65 subunits, protecting IκB-α from proteasome degradation and trapping IκB-α in the nucleus to suppress NF-κB activity. Therefore, combination treatment of selinexor with a proteasome inhibitor may be beneficial to patients with resistance to either single-agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amro Aboukameel
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | | | | | - Ramzi M. Mohammad
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Irfana Muqbil
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Asfar S. Azmi
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Claire Drolen
- Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc., Newton, MA, 02459, USA
| | | | - Margaret Lee
- Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc., Newton, MA, 02459, USA
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Paulus A, Ailawadhi S, Chanan-Khan A. Novel therapeutic targets in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2016; 29:216-228. [PMID: 27825468 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding of molecular mechanisms that drive Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) cell survival are rapidly evolving. This review briefly highlights emerging "WM-relevant" targets; for which therapeutic strategies are currently being investigated in preclinical and clinical studies. With the discovery of MYD88L265P signaling and remarkable activity of ibrutinib in WM, other targets within the B-cell receptor pathway are now being focused on for therapeutic intervention. Additional targets which play a role in WM cell survival include TLR7, 8 and 9, proteasome-associated deubiquitinating enzymes (USP14 and UCHL5), XPO1/CRM1 and AURKA. New drugs for established targets are also discussed. Lastly, we spotlight 3 highly innovative WM-specific therapies: MYD88 peptide inhibitors, MYD88L265P-directed immune activation and CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, which are in various stages of development. Indeed, treatment of WM is poised to undergo a paradigm shift in the coming years towards highly disease-driven and more personalized therapeutic modalities with curative intent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneel Paulus
- Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Department of Cancer Biology and Division of Hematology and Oncology, United States.
| | - Sikander Ailawadhi
- Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Division of Hematology and Oncology, United States.
| | - Asher Chanan-Khan
- Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Division of Hematology and Oncology, United States.
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Wu J, Liu C, Tsui ST, Liu D. Second-generation inhibitors of Bruton tyrosine kinase. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:80. [PMID: 27590878 PMCID: PMC5010774 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0313-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a critical effector molecule for B cell development and plays a major role in lymphoma genesis. Ibrutinib is the first-generation BTK inhibitor. Ibrutinib has off-target effects on EGFR, ITK, and Tec family kinases, which explains the untoward effects of ibrutinib. Resistance to ibrutinib was also reported. The C481S mutation in the BTK kinase domain was reported to be a major mechanism of resistance to ibrutinib. This review summarizes the clinical development of novel BTK inhibitors, ACP-196 (acalabrutinib), ONO/GS-4059, and BGB-3111.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wu
- Department of Oncology, The first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Christina Liu
- Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Stella T Tsui
- SUNY Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Delong Liu
- Department of Oncology, The first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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47
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Mamorska-Dyga A, Ronny FMH, Puccio C, Islam H, Liu D. A rare case of the upper extremity diffuse large B-cell lymphoma mimicking soft tissue sarcoma in an elderly patient. Stem Cell Investig 2016; 3:25. [PMID: 27486587 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2016.06.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, with about 30% of new cases presenting with extranodal disease. Lesions originating from soft tissues of the upper extremities are extremely rare and may mimic other malignancies like sarcoma. We present a case of an elderly patient with right upper extremity (RUE) mass which was proven to be DLBCL instead of sarcoma. We emphasize the increasing need for investigating new therapeutic options for patients of extreme age and/or with underlying heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Mamorska-Dyga
- 1 Department of Medicine, 2 Department of Pathology, New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Faisal M H Ronny
- 1 Department of Medicine, 2 Department of Pathology, New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Carmelo Puccio
- 1 Department of Medicine, 2 Department of Pathology, New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Humayun Islam
- 1 Department of Medicine, 2 Department of Pathology, New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Delong Liu
- 1 Department of Medicine, 2 Department of Pathology, New York Medical College and Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY, USA
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48
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Wu J, Zhang M, Liu D. Acalabrutinib (ACP-196): a selective second-generation BTK inhibitor. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:21. [PMID: 26957112 PMCID: PMC4784459 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
More and more targeted agents become available for B cell malignancies with increasing precision and potency. The first-in-class Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, ibrutinib, has been in clinical use for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle cell lymphoma, and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. More selective BTK inhibitors (ACP-196, ONO/GS-4059, BGB-3111, CC-292) are being explored. Acalabrutinib (ACP-196) is a novel irreversible second-generation BTK inhibitor that was shown to be more potent and selective than ibrutinib. This review summarized the preclinical research and clinical data of acalabrutinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wu
- Department of Oncology, The first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Delong Liu
- Department of Oncology, The first Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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49
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Ceccon M, Merlo MEB, Mologni L, Poggio T, Varesio LM, Menotti M, Bombelli S, Rigolio R, Manazza AD, Di Giacomo F, Ambrogio C, Giudici G, Casati C, Mastini C, Compagno M, Turner SD, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Chiarle R, Voena C. Excess of NPM-ALK oncogenic signaling promotes cellular apoptosis and drug dependency. Oncogene 2015; 35:3854-3865. [PMID: 26657151 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Most of the anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) cases carry the t(2;5; p23;q35) that produces the fusion protein NPM-ALK (nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase). NPM-ALK-deregulated kinase activity drives several pathways that support malignant transformation of lymphoma cells. We found that in ALK-rearranged ALCL cell lines, NPM-ALK was distributed in equal amounts between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Only the cytoplasmic portion was catalytically active in both cell lines and primary ALCL, whereas the nuclear portion was inactive because of heterodimerization with NPM1. Thus, about 50% of the NPM-ALK is not active and sequestered as NPM-ALK/NPM1 heterodimers in the nucleus. Overexpression or relocalization of NPM-ALK to the cytoplasm by NPM genetic knockout or knockdown caused ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2) increased phosphorylation and cell death through the engagement of an ATM/Chk2- and γH2AX (phosphorylated H2A histone family member X)-mediated DNA-damage response. Remarkably, human NPM-ALK-amplified cell lines resistant to ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) underwent apoptosis upon drug withdrawal as a consequence of ERK1/2 hyperactivation. Altogether, these findings indicate that an excess of NPM-ALK activation and signaling induces apoptosis via oncogenic stress responses. A 'drug holiday' where the ALK TKI treatment is suspended could represent a therapeutic option in cells that become resistant by NPM-ALK amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Ceccon
- Department of Health Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Maria Elena Boggio Merlo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Luca Mologni
- Department of Health Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Teresa Poggio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Lydia M Varesio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Matteo Menotti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Silvia Bombelli
- Department of Health Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Roberta Rigolio
- Surgery and Translational Medicine department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Andrea D Manazza
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Filomena Di Giacomo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Ambrogio
- Molecular Oncology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Giovanni Giudici
- Tettamanti Research Centre, Pediatric Clinic, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Mastini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | - Mara Compagno
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy.,Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Suzanne D Turner
- Division of Molecular Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini
- Department of Health Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Section of Haematology, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Roberto Chiarle
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy.,Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Claudia Voena
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
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50
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Cang S, Iragavarapu C, Savooji J, Song Y, Liu D. ABT-199 (venetoclax) and BCL-2 inhibitors in clinical development. J Hematol Oncol 2015; 8:129. [PMID: 26589495 PMCID: PMC4654800 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-015-0224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With the advent of new agents targeting CD20, Bruton's tyrosine kinase, and phosphoinositol-3 kinase for chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL), more treatment options exist than ever before. B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) plays a major role in cellular apoptosis and is a druggable target. Small molecule inhibitors of BCL-2 are in active clinical studies. ABT-199 (venetoclax, RG7601, GDC-0199) has been granted breakthrough designation by FDA for relapsed or refractory CLL with 17p deletion. In this review, we summarized the latest clinical development of ABT-199/venetoclax and other novel agents targeting the BCL-2 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shundong Cang
- Department of Oncology, The Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chaitanya Iragavarapu
- Department of Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, 10595, USA
| | - John Savooji
- Department of Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, 10595, USA
| | - Yongping Song
- Henan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Delong Liu
- Henan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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