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Shao Y, Han S, Hou Z, Yang C, Zhao Y. Tumor-associated macrophages within the immunological milieu: An emerging focal point for therapeutic intervention. Heliyon 2024; 10:e36839. [PMID: 39281573 PMCID: PMC11401039 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages play an important role in the tumor immune microenvironment, and regulating the function of tumor-associated macrophages has important therapeutic potential in tumor therapy. Mature macrophages could migrate to the tumor microenvironment, influencing multiple factors such as tumor cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, extracellular matrix remodeling, immune suppression, and drug resistance. As a major component of the tumor microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages crosstalk with other immune cells. Currently, tumor-associated macrophages have garnered considerable attention in tumor therapy, broadening the spectrum of drug selection to some extent, thereby aiding in mitigating the prevailing clinical drug resistance dilemma. This article summarizes the recent advances in tumor-associated macrophages concerning immunology, drug targeting mechanisms for tumor-associated macrophages treatment, new developments, and existing challenges, offering insights for future therapeutic approaches. In addition, this paper summarized the impact of tumor-associated macrophages on current clinical therapies, discussed the advantages and disadvantages of targeted tumor-associated macrophages therapy compared with existing tumor therapies, and predicted and discussed the future role of targeted tumor-associated macrophages therapy and the issues that need to be focused on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchi Shao
- Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Song Han
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenxin Hou
- Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanbin Zhao
- Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Lahmadi M, Beddar L, Ketit S, Makhbouche T, Laouar N, Filali T. Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer in Algeria: a single-center retrospective study. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:946. [PMID: 39095812 PMCID: PMC11297703 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12709-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer-related death in men in Algeria. Little is known about the characteristics of lung cancer in Algeria. This study aimed to determine the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in Algeria. METHODS This retrospective study was performed on 269 pathologically confirmed cases of NSCLC at the Benbadis University Hospital of Constantine (2015-2023). Of these, 95 patients were included in the survival analysis. The clinicopathological and outcome data were investigated based on the patients' medical records. RESULTS This study showed male predominance with sex ratio of 5.7, with a mean age of 61.8 years. Histologically, 67.3% of cases had adenocarcinoma (ADC) and 22.7% squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). ADC and SCC occurred more frequently in female (p = 0.02) and male (p = 0.003) patients, respectively. Smoking was estimated at 82.2% in men. Over 28% were non-smokers, of which 50.7% were women, and presented at younger age (p = 0.04). Most of our patients (75.5%) have an advanced stage at diagnosis. Around 70% of patients underwent chemotherapy (CT) as first-line treatment, with medians diagnostic and treatment delays of 4 and 1 months, respectively. The median overall survival (mOS) was estimated at 10.3 and 6.7 months in I-III and IV stages, respectively. Other factors that negatively impact OS were age > 65 years (p = 0.01), and the presence of symptoms (p = 0.005) and comorbidity (p = 0.004) in stage IV, and delayed treatment (p = 0.03) and receiving CT alone (p = 0.03) in stages I-III cases. Medians progression free survival (mPFS) in stage IV, III, and II patients were 4.1, 5.2, and 8.3 months, respectively, and negatively affected by the comorbidity (stage IV, p = 0.03) and receiving CT alone (stages II-III, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS NSCLC presents at an early age and advanced stage in Algerian patients. ADC is the most frequent histological subtype and smoking remains the most important risk factor in men. Furthermore, the prognostic factors affecting survival are stage, age, comorbidity, symptoms, and treatment. Thus, tobacco control, early detection program, and access to novel therapies may be the best strategies to reduce NSCLC morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Lahmadi
- Division of Biotechnology and Health, Biotechnology Research Centre (CRBt), Constantine, Algeria.
| | - Leila Beddar
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Benbadis Hospital, University Constantine 3, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Souad Ketit
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Benbadis Hospital, University Constantine 3, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Tarek Makhbouche
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Benbadis Hospital, University Constantine 3, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Narriman Laouar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Benbadis Hospital, University Constantine 3, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Taha Filali
- Department of Medical Oncology, Benbadis Hospital, University Constantine 3, Constantine, Algeria
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Meyer ML, Hirsch FR, Bunn PA, Ujhazy P, Fredrickson D, Berg CD, Carbone DP, Halmos B, Singh H, Borghaei H, Ferris A, Langer C, Dacic S, Mok TS, Peters S, Johnson BE. Calls to action on lung cancer management and research. Oncologist 2024:oyae169. [PMID: 39002167 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyae169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, remains a pressing health issue despite significant medical advances. The New York Lung Cancer Foundation brought together experts from academia, the pharmaceutical and biotech industries as well as organizational leaders and patient advocates, to thoroughly examine the current state of lung cancer diagnosis, treatment, and research. The goal was to identify areas where our understanding is incomplete and to develop collaborative public health and scientific strategies to generate better patient outcomes, as highlighted in our "Calls to Action." The consortium prioritized 8 different calls to action. These include (1) develop strategies to cure more patients with early-stage lung cancer, (2) investigate carcinogenesis leading to lung cancers in patients without a history of smoking, (3) harness precision medicine for disease interception and prevention, (4) implement solutions to deliver prevention measures and effective therapies to individuals in under-resourced countries, (5) facilitate collaborations with industry to collect and share data and samples, (6) create and maintain open access to big data repositories, (7) develop new immunotherapeutic agents for lung cancer treatment and prevention, and (8) invest in research in both the academic and community settings. These calls to action provide guidance to representatives from academia, the pharmaceutical and biotech industries, organizational and regulatory leaders, and patient advocates to guide ongoing and planned initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- May-Lucie Meyer
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine and Thoracic Oncology Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Fred R Hirsch
- Hematology and Oncology Department, Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine and Thoracic Oncology Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Paul A Bunn
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Peter Ujhazy
- Translational Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | | | | | - David P Carbone
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University-James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Balazs Halmos
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Harpreet Singh
- US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Washington, DC, United States
| | | | | | - Corey Langer
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sanja Dacic
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Tony S Mok
- State Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Solange Peters
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bruce E Johnson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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4
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Sarova P, Mosleh B, Zehetmayer S, Oberndorfer F, Widder J, Prosch H, Aigner C, Idzko M, Hoda MA, Gompelmann D. PD-L1 expression in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer is associated with sex and genetic alterations: A retrospective study within the Caucasian population. Thorac Cancer 2024; 15:1598-1606. [PMID: 38860475 PMCID: PMC11246784 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is a well-established biomarker for predicting responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors and certain targeted therapies. As a result, treatment strategies for patients vary based on their PD-L1 expression status. Understanding the clinical features of patients with distinct PD-L1 levels is crucial for personalized treatment approaches. METHODS Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of 227 patients (54% male, mean age 67 ± 9.9 years) newly diagnosed with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) between April 2020 and December 2022 were retrospectively compared among three groups based on the PD-L1 expression: PD-L1 Tumor Proportion Score (TPS) negative, 1-50%, and ≥50%. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate predictors for high PD-L1 expression ≥50%. RESULTS PD-L1 expression levels were distributed as follows: negative in 29% of patients, between 1% and 50% in 41%, and greater than 50% (high) in 29%. In comparison to negative PD-L1 expression, low and high PD-L1 expression was associated with female sex (32.9% vs. 52.7% vs. 50.7%, p = 0.031), with the absence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations (83.6% vs. 91.1% vs. 98.1% p = 0.029), and with the absence of ERBB2 (HER2) tyrosine kinase mutations (90.9% vs. 100% vs. 98.1% p = 0.007), respectively. Age, smoking status, histological subtype, and disease stage showed no significant differences among the three patient groups. In the univariate logistic regression, EGFR mutation appeared to be the only predictor for PD-L1 expression, although it did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.06). CONCLUSION Although sex and genomic alterations are associated with PD-L1 expression in patients with NSCLC, no clinical characteristics seem to predict PD-L1 expression significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sarova
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - B Mosleh
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Zehetmayer
- Center for Medical Data Science, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - F Oberndorfer
- Department of Pathology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Widder
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Prosch
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Aigner
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Idzko
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M A Hoda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Gompelmann
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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5
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Sun Y, Dang Q, Ge Y, Zhang J, Cheng Q, Sun H, Wang L, Gao A, Sun Y, Li J. Prognostic value of body mass index for first-line chemoimmunotherapy combinations in advanced non-small cell lung cancer in Chinese population. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31863. [PMID: 38841444 PMCID: PMC11152932 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Few studies have examined the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and effectiveness of first-line chemoimmunotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); moreover, the conclusion remains elusive and no such studies have been conducted in the Chinese population. Our study aimed to validate the predictive significance of BMI in Chinese patients with advanced NSCLC receiving first-line chemoimmunotherapy combinations. Methods Data of patients with advanced NSCLC treated with first-line chemoimmunotherapy between June 2018 and February 2022 at three centers were retrieved retrospectively. The association between baseline BMI with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression models. BMI was categorized according to the World Health Organization criteria. Results Of the included 805 patients, 5.3 % were underweight, 63.4 % had normal weight, 27.8 % were overweight, and 3.5 % were obese. Survival analysis showed that patients in the high BMI group had significantly better PFS (p = 0.012) and OS (p = 0.014) than those in the low BMI group. Further, patients in the overweight subgroup had better PFS (p = 0.036) and OS (p = 0.043) compared to the normal weight population. The results of Cox regression analysis confirmed the correlations between BMI and prognosis of advanced NSCLC patients receiving first-line chemoimmunotherapy combinations. Conclusions Baseline BMI affected the clinical outcomes of first-line chemoimmunotherapy combinations in patients with advanced NSCLC, and was especially favorable for the overweight subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Sun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Dang
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yihui Ge
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qinglei Cheng
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haifeng Sun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Leirong Wang
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Aiqin Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuping Sun
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Li
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Xu J, Tian L, Qi W, Lv Q, Wang T. Advancements in NSCLC: From Pathophysiological Insights to Targeted Treatments. Am J Clin Oncol 2024; 47:291-303. [PMID: 38375734 PMCID: PMC11107893 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000001088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
With the global incidence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) on the rise, the development of innovative treatment strategies is increasingly vital. This review underscores the pivotal role of precision medicine in transforming NSCLC management, particularly through the integration of genomic and epigenomic insights to enhance treatment outcomes for patients. We focus on the identification of key gene mutations and examine the evolution and impact of targeted therapies. These therapies have shown encouraging results in improving survival rates and quality of life. Despite numerous gene mutations being identified in association with NSCLC, targeted treatments are available for only a select few. This paper offers an exhaustive analysis of the pathogenesis of NSCLC and reviews the latest advancements in targeted therapeutic approaches. It emphasizes the ongoing necessity for research and development in this domain. In addition, we discuss the current challenges faced in the clinical application of these therapies and the potential directions for future research, including the identification of novel targets and the development of new treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Lin Tian
- Pulmonology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Wenlong Qi
- Pulmonology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Qingguo Lv
- Pulmonology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Tan Wang
- Pulmonology Department, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, P.R. China
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7
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Muscatello LV, Gobbo F, Avallone G, Innao M, Benazzi C, D'Annunzio G, Romaniello D, Orioles M, Lauriola M, Sarli G. PDL1 immunohistochemistry in canine neoplasms: Validation of commercial antibodies, standardization of evaluation, and scoring systems. Vet Pathol 2024; 61:393-401. [PMID: 37920996 DOI: 10.1177/03009858231209410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Immuno-oncology research has brought to light the paradoxical role of immune cells in the induction and elimination of cancer. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1), expressed by tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL1), expressed by tumor cells, are immune checkpoint proteins that regulate the antitumor adaptive immune response. This study aimed to validate commercially available PDL1 antibodies in canine tissue and then, applying standardized methods and scoring systems used in human pathology, evaluate PDL1 immunopositivity in different types of canine tumors. To demonstrate cross-reactivity, a monoclonal antibody (22C3) and polyclonal antibody (cod. A1645) were tested by western blot. Cross-reactivity in canine tissue cell extracts was observed for both antibodies; however, the polyclonal antibody (cod. A1645) demonstrated higher signal specificity. Canine tumor histotypes were selected based on the human counterparts known to express PDL1. Immunohistochemistry was performed on 168 tumors with the polyclonal anti-PDL1 antibody. Only membranous labeling was considered positive. PDL1 labeling was detected both in neoplastic and infiltrating immune cells. The following tumors were immunopositive: melanomas (17 of 17; 100%), renal cell carcinomas (4 of 17; 24%), squamous cell carcinomas (3 of 17; 18%), lymphomas (2 of 14; 14%), urothelial carcinomas (2 of 18; 11%), pulmonary carcinomas (2 of 20; 10%), and mammary carcinomas (1 of 31; 3%). Gastric (0 of 10; 0%) and intestinal carcinomas (0 of 24; 0%) were negative. The findings of this study suggest that PDL1 is expressed in some canine tumors, with high prevalence in melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Giulia D'Annunzio
- University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Lombardia and Emilia-Romagna, Brescia, Italy
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8
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Ding HP, Ling YQ, Chen W, Ding Q, Xu LQ, Wu Y, Wang Q, Ni TH, He BQ. Effects of nutritional indices and inflammatory parameters on patients received immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Curr Probl Cancer 2024; 48:101035. [PMID: 37988903 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This research explored the relationship between a patient's nutritional state and inflammatory markers and the prognosis of their non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment while receiving a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. METHOD This retrospective and single-center analysis included NSCLC patients who received a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy at the Department of Oncology at Shanghai Lung Hospital. Patients were categorized based on malnutrition, sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and advanced-lung-cancer-inflammation-index (ALI) scores after collecting nutritional and inflammatory indices. Kaplan-Meier and the Cox models were utilized to analyze survival. RESULTS There was a significant correlation between malnutrition, sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and low ALI scores with lower overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) (p < 0.05). Low ALI score and malnutrition were independent factors influencing patient survival in terms of both OS and PFS (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The nutritional and inflammatory indices of immunotherapy-treated NSCLC patients substantially affect their prognosis. Assessing these variables could aid in optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. Additional research is required to comprehend the intricate relationship between nutrition, inflammation, and cancer progression and to develop individualized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ping Ding
- Department of Nutrition, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi-Qun Ling
- Department of Nutrition, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 226006, China
| | - Qin Ding
- Department of Nutrition, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 226006, China
| | - Liu-Qing Xu
- Department of Nutrition, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tian-Hao Ni
- Department of Nutrition, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bing-Qin He
- Department of Nutrition, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Jiang CY, Zhao L, Green MD, Ravishankar S, Towlerton AMH, Scott AJ, Raghavan M, Cusick MF, Warren EH, Ramnath N. Class II HLA-DRB4 is a predictive biomarker for survival following immunotherapy in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:345. [PMID: 38172168 PMCID: PMC10764770 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48546-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are important treatment options for metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC). However, not all patients benefit from ICIs and can experience immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Limited understanding exists for germline determinants of ICI efficacy and toxicity, but Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) genes have emerged as a potential predictive biomarker. We performed HLA typing on 85 patients with mNSCLC, on ICI therapy and analyzed the impact of HLA Class II genotype on progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and irAEs. Most patients received pembrolizumab (83.5%). HLA-DRB4 genotype was seen in 34/85 (40%) and its presence correlated with improved OS in both univariate (p = 0.022; 26.3 months vs 10.2 months) and multivariate analysis (p = 0.011, HR 0.49, 95% CI [0.29, 0.85]). PFS did not reach significance (univariate, p = 0.12, 8.2 months vs 5.1 months). Eleven patients developed endocrine irAEs. HLA-DRB4 was the predominant genotype among these patients (9/11, 81.8%). Cumulative incidence of endocrine irAEs was higher in patients with HLA-DRB4 (p = 0.0139). Our study is the first to suggest that patients with metastatic NSCLC patients on ICI therapy with HLA-DRB4 genotype experience improved survival outcomes. Patients with HLA-DRB4 had the longest median OS (26.3 months). Additionally, we found a correlation between HLA-DRB4 and the occurrence of endocrine irAEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Y Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael D Green
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Andrea M H Towlerton
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anthony J Scott
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Malini Raghavan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Matthew F Cusick
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Edus H Warren
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nithya Ramnath
- Lieutenant Colonel Charles S. Kettles VA Medical Center (VA Ann Arbor Health System), 2215 Fuller Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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10
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Sua LF, Osorio ÁE, Zuñiga-Restrepo V, Ibarra CD, Quintero N, Fernández-Trujillo L. Development of a Second Primary Lung Cancer Following a Primary Breast Cancer: A Case Series. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2024; 12:23247096241272013. [PMID: 39390783 PMCID: PMC11468341 DOI: 10.1177/23247096241272013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) accounts for 24.2% of all women's malignant tumors, with rising survival rates due to advancements in chemotherapy and targeted treatments. However, second primary cancers, particularly lung cancer (LC), have become more prevalent, often emerging approximately 10 years after BC treatment. This study presents a case series of 9 women diagnosed with second primary LC following BC, treated at a high-complexity hospital in Colombia between 2014 and 2019. All initial BCs were ductal carcinomas, 7 were triple negative, 1 was human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive, and 1 was estrogen and progesterone positive. Each patient had undergone radiation therapy, and 7 had received chemotherapy, increasing their LC risk. The second primary LCs, all adenocarcinomas, were confirmed using immunohistochemical stains for thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1), Napsin A, and estrogen receptor (ER) status. The interval between treatments and LC detection ranged from 1 to 17 years, with 4 cases identified after 10 years and 3 within 1 to 3 years, underscoring the need for prolonged surveillance. Seven LCs were ipsilateral to the BC and radiation site, while 2 were contralateral, highlighting the necessity of monitoring both sides for potential LC development. This case series enhances the local epidemiological understanding, showing that prior radiotherapy for BC and histological analysis are key in characterizing second primary LC patients. The study emphasizes the critical role of accurate histological diagnosis in guiding treatment approaches for lung lesions in BC survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz F. Sua
- Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
- Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Álvaro E. Osorio
- Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
- Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
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Larsen TV, Maansson CT, Daugaard TF, Andresen BS, Sorensen BS, Nielsen AL. Trans-Regulation of Alternative PD-L1 mRNA Processing by CDK12 in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells. Cells 2023; 12:2844. [PMID: 38132164 PMCID: PMC10741404 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy using checkpoint inhibitors targeting the interaction between PD-1 on T cells and PD-L1 on cancer cells has shown significant results in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Not all patients respond to the therapy, and PD-L1 expression heterogeneity is proposed to be one determinant for this. The alternative processing of PD-L1 RNA, which depends on an alternative poly-A site in intron 4, generates a shorter mRNA variant (PD-L1v4) encoding soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1), relative to the canonical PD-L1v1 mRNA encoding membrane-associated PD-L1 (mPD-L1). This study aimed to identify factors influencing the ratio between these two PD-L1 mRNAs in NSCLC cells. First, we verified the existence of the alternative PD-L1 RNA processing in NSCLC cells, and from in silico analyses, we identified a candidate list of regulatory factors. Examining selected candidates showed that CRISPR/Cas9-generated loss-of-function mutations in CDK12 increased the PD-L1v4/PD-L1v1 mRNA ratio and, accordingly, the sPD-L1/mPD-L1 balance. The CDK12/13 inhibitor THZ531 could also increase the PD-L1v4/PD-L1v1 mRNA ratio and impact the PD-L1 transcriptional response to IFN-γ stimulation. The fact that CDK12 regulates PD-L1 transcript variant formation in NSCLC cells is consistent with CDK12's role in promoting transcriptional elongation over intron-located poly-A sites. This study lays the groundwork for clinical investigations to delineate the implications of the CDK12-mediated balancing of sPD-L1 relative to mPD-L1 for immunotherapeutic responses in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine V. Larsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (T.V.L.); (C.T.M.); (T.F.D.)
| | - Christoffer T. Maansson
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (T.V.L.); (C.T.M.); (T.F.D.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark;
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tina F. Daugaard
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (T.V.L.); (C.T.M.); (T.F.D.)
| | - Brage S. Andresen
- Department of Biology and Molecular Biology, Southern University of Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
| | - Boe S. Sorensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark;
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders L. Nielsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (T.V.L.); (C.T.M.); (T.F.D.)
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12
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Huang L, Lou N, Xie T, Tang L, Han X, Shi Y. Identification of an antigen-presenting cells/T/NK cells-related gene signature to predict prognosis and CTSL to predict immunotherapeutic response for lung adenocarcinoma: an integrated analysis of bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:3259-3277. [PMID: 37458771 PMCID: PMC10991236 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03485-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antigen-presenting cells (APC)/T/NK cells are key immune cells that play crucial roles in fighting against malignancies including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In this study, we aimed to identify an APC/T/NK cells-related gene signature (ATNKGS) and potential immune cell-related genes (IRGs) to realize risk stratification, prognosis, and immunotherapeutic response prediction for LUAD patients. METHODS Based on the univariate Cox regression and the LASSO Cox regression results of 196 APC/T/NK cells-related genes collected from three pathways in the KEGG database, we determined the final genes and established the ATNKGS-related risk model. The single-cell RNA sequencing data were applied for key IRGs identification and investigate their value in immunotherapeutic response prediction. Several GEO datasets and an external immunotherapy cohort from Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, were applied for validation. RESULTS In this study, nine independent public datasets including 1108 patients were enrolled. An ATNKGS containing 16 genes for predicting overall survival of LUAD patients was constructed with robust prognostic capability. The ATNKGS high risk group was related to significantly worse OS outcomes than those in the low-risk group, which were verified in TCGA and four GEO datatsets. A nomogram combining the ATNKGS risk score with clinical TNM stage achieved the optimal prediction performance. The single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed CTSL as an IRG of macrophage and monocyte. Moreover, though CTSL was an indicator for poor prognosis of LUAD patients, CTSL high expression group was associated with higher ESTIMATEScore, immune checkpoints expression, and lower TIDE score. Several immunotherapeutic cohorts have confirmed the response-predicting significance of CTSL in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our study provided an insight into the significant role of APC/T/NK cells-related genes in survival risk stratification and CTSL in response prediction of immunotherapy in patients with LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liling Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study On Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Ning Lou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study On Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Tongji Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study On Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Le Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study On Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiaohong Han
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Drug, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical PK & PD Investigation for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Yuankai Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Study On Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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13
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Xu Y, Huang Z, Chang J, Yu Y, Liu C, Li J, Zhao J, Lv D, Sun S, Zhang Q, Zhou Y, Xu J, Fan Y. Safety and efficacy of atezolizumab in Chinese patients with previously treated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: An open-label, single-arm, multicenter study. Lung Cancer 2023; 183:107288. [PMID: 37463531 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2023.107288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of atezolizumab monotherapy in Chinese patients with previously treated, locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this open-label, single-arm, multicenter study, patients received atezolizumab 1200 mg intravenously on Day 1 of each 21-day cycle. The primary endpoint was incidence of atezolizumab-related serious adverse events (SAEs). Secondary endpoints included other safety and efficacy measures. Patients with available tumor tissue and blood samples underwent biomarker analyses. Patients with available tumor biopsies underwent exome sequencing. RESULTS The safety and evaluable populations included 101 and 97 patients, respectively. Exome sequencing data were available for 31 patients. Median follow-up time was 27.43 months. Atezolizumab-related SAEs and immune-related adverse events occurred in 25.7% and 47.5% of the safety population, respectively, and in the following subgroups: central nervous system metastases (n = 14), 35.7% and 35.7%; squamous NSCLC (n = 39), 33.3% and 53.8%. The 24-month overall survival rate was 37.4%. Median overall survival and progression-free survival by RECIST v1.1 were 15.31 and 2.86 months, respectively; objective response rate was 16.5% in the evaluable population. PRRC2C (odds ratio: 12.780, P = 0.014) and ZMYND8 (odds ratio: 19.963, P = 0.016) gene mutations were significantly enriched in atezolizumab responders vs non-responders. Patients with CD8+ TILs > 10% vs ≤ 10% were significantly more likely to be atezolizumab responders. CONCLUSION No new safety concerns were raised, and clinically meaningful benefits of atezolizumab monotherapy were shown. The results of the biomarker analyses may guide future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyu Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Chang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shenzhen Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Harbin Medical University Tumor Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Chunling Liu
- The Second Ward, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, Urumchi, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dongqing Lv
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Si Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiannan Zhang
- Medical Department, Shanghai Roche Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Medical Department, Shanghai Roche Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Medical Department, Shanghai Roche Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
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Zhu Q, Zhang J, Xu D, Zhao R. Association between PD-L1 and Ki-67 expression and clinicopathologic features in NSCLC patients. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:5339-5346. [PMID: 37692968 PMCID: PMC10492061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between PD-L1, Ki-67 and the association between PD-L1, Ki-67, and clinicopathologic features and laboratory parameters in the peripheral blood of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. METHODS The clinical records of 213 NSCLC patients were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into high or low expression groups by cut-off values of Ki-67 and PD-L1. Correlation of PD-L1 and Ki-67 expression were analyzed by linear regression analysis. The data were tested by Mann-Whitney test. Relationship of PD-L1 and Ki-67 was tested by chi-square test. RESULTS Linear regression analysis revealed a positive association between the expression of PD-L1 and Ki-67 (R2=0.26, P<0.001). The clinicopathologic features and laboratory parameters such as gender, smoking history, histological types, TNM stage, tumor size, ALB, and FIB were all significantly associated with PD-L1 and Ki-67 expression (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The expression of PD-L1 and Ki-67 is related to some clinicopathologic features and inflammatory factors, which brings new sight for exploiting combination biomarkers and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Derong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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15
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Niu M, Yi M, Wu Y, Lyu L, He Q, Yang R, Zeng L, Shi J, Zhang J, Zhou P, Zhang T, Mei Q, Chu Q, Wu K. Synergistic efficacy of simultaneous anti-TGF-β/VEGF bispecific antibody and PD-1 blockade in cancer therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:94. [PMID: 37573354 PMCID: PMC10423429 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01487-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, therapeutic antibodies against programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) have exerted potent anticancer effect in a variety of tumors. However, blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 axis alone is not sufficient to restore normal immune response. Other negative regulators of antitumor immunity, like TGF-β and VEGFA, are also involved in immune escape of tumor cells and induce immunotherapy resistance. METHODS We developed a novel anti-TGF-β/VEGF bispecific antibody Y332D based on the Nano-YBODY™ technology platform. The CCK-8, flow cytometry, SBE4 luciferase reporter assay, western blotting and transwell assays were used to measure the biological activities of the anti-TGF-β moiety. The NFAT luciferase reporter assay, luminescent cell viability assay and tube formation assay were used to measure the biological activities of the anti-VEGF moiety. The in vivo anticancer efficacy of Y332D alone or in combination with PD-1 blockade was evaluated in H22, EMT-6, 4T1, and AKT/Ras-driven murine hepatocellular carcinoma tumor models. Immunofluorescent staining, flow cytometry, RNA-seq and quantitative RT-PCR were adopted to analyze the alterations in the tumor microenvironment. RESULTS Y332D could maintain specific binding affinities for TGF-β and VEGFA. Y332D almost entirely counteracted the in vitro biological functions of TGF-β and VEGFA, including immunosuppression, activated TGF-β signaling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), activated VEGF/VEGFR signaling, HUVEC proliferation and tube formation. The in vivo experiment data demonstrated that Y332D was more effective in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis than anti-TGF-β and anti-VEGF monotherapies. In combination therapies, Y332D plus PD-1 blockade exhibited the most potent and durable anticancer effect. Mechanistically, Y332D plus PD-1 blockade upregulated the density and function of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and exerted reinvigorated antitumor immunity. CONCLUSION Y332D could simultaneously block TGF-β and VEGF signalings. In comparison with the monotherapies, Y332D combined with PD-1 blockade exerts superior antitumor effect through improving immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000 China
| | - Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Lijuan Lyu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710000 China
| | - Qing He
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Yang
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Zeng
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Shi
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032 China
| | - Qi Mei
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032 China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032 China
- Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
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Zhang W, Pan X, Xu Y, Guo H, Zheng M, Chen X, Wu H, Luan F, He Q, Ding L, Yang B. Mevalonate improves anti-PD-1/PD-L1 efficacy by stabilizing CD274 mRNA. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:2585-2600. [PMID: 37425040 PMCID: PMC10326297 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mevalonate metabolism plays an important role in regulating tumor growth and progression; however, its role in immune evasion and immune checkpoint modulation remains unclear. Here, we found that non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with higher plasma mevalonate response better to anti-PD-(L)1 therapy, as indicated by prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival. Plasma mevalonate levels were positively correlated with programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression in tumor tissues. In NSCLC cell lines and patient-derived cells, supplementation of mevalonate significantly up-regulated the expression of PD-L1, whereas deprivation of mevalonate reduced PD-L1 expression. Mevalonate increased CD274 mRNA level but did not affect CD274 transcription. Further, we confirmed that mevalonate improved CD274 mRNA stability. Mevalonate promoted the affinity of the AU-rich element-binding protein HuR to the 3'-UTR regions of CD274 mRNA and thereby stabilized CD274 mRNA. By in vivo study, we further confirmed that mevalonate addition enhanced the anti-tumor effect of anti-PD-L1, increased the infiltration of CD8+ T cells, and improved cytotoxic function of T cells. Collectively, our findings discovered plasma mevalonate levels positively correlated with the therapeutic efficacy of anti-PD-(L)1 antibody, and provided the evidence that mevalonate supplementation could be an immunosensitizer in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Zhang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaohui Pan
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanjun Xu
- Department of Medical Thoracic Oncology, the Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Hongjie Guo
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mingming Zheng
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Honghai Wu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fengming Luan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ling Ding
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- The Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Sánchez-Magraner L, Gumuzio J, Miles J, Quimi N, Martínez del Prado P, Abad-Villar MT, Pikabea F, Ortega L, Etxezarraga C, Martín-Algarra S, Lozano MD, Saiz-Camin M, Egurrola-Izquierdo M, Barredo-Santamaría I, Saiz-López A, Gomez-Mediavilla J, Segues-Merino N, Juaristi-Abaunz MA, Urruticoechea A, Geraedts EJ, van Elst K, Claessens NJ, Italiano A, Applebee CJ, del Castillo S, Evans C, Aguirre F, Parker PJ, Calleja V. Functional Engagement of the PD-1/PD-L1 Complex But Not PD-L1 Expression Is Highly Predictive of Patient Response to Immunotherapy in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:2561-2570. [PMID: 36821809 PMCID: PMC10414696 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.01748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In many cancers, the expression of immunomodulatory ligands leads to immunoevasion, as exemplified by the interaction of PD-L1 with PD-1 on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Profound advances in cancer treatments have come with the advent of immunotherapies directed at blocking these immuno-suppressive ligand-receptor interactions. However, although there has been success in the use of these immune checkpoint interventions, correct patient stratification for these therapies has been challenging. MATERIALS AND METHODS To address this issue of patient stratification, we have quantified the intercellular PD-1/PD-L1 interaction in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples from patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma, using a high-throughput automated quantitative imaging platform (quantitative functional proteomics [QF-Pro]). RESULTS The multisite blinded analysis across a cohort of 188 immune checkpoint inhibitor-treated patients demonstrated the intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity of PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint engagement and notably showed no correlation between the extent of PD-1/PD-L1 interaction and PD-L1 expression. Importantly, PD-L1 expression scores used clinically to stratify patients correlated poorly with overall survival; by contrast, patients showing a high PD-1/PD-L1 interaction had significantly better responses to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatments, as evidenced by increased overall survival. This relationship was particularly strong in the setting of first-line treatments. CONCLUSION The functional readout of PD-1/PD-L1 interaction as a predictive biomarker for the stratification of patients with non-small-cell lung carcinoma, combined with PD-L1 expression, should significantly improve the response rates to immunotherapy. This would both capture patients excluded from checkpoint immunotherapy (high PD-1/PD-L1 interaction but low PD-L1 expression, 24% of patients) and additionally avoid treating patients who despite their high PD-L1 expression do not respond and suffer from side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Gumuzio
- HAWK Biosystems (formerly known as FASTBASE Solutions S.L.), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - James Miles
- HAWK Biosystems (formerly known as FASTBASE Solutions S.L.), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Nicole Quimi
- HAWK Biosystems (formerly known as FASTBASE Solutions S.L.), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Erica J. Geraedts
- Department of pulmonology, Groene Hart Ziekenhuis, Gouda, the Netherlands
| | - Kim van Elst
- Department of pulmonology, Groene Hart Ziekenhuis, Gouda, the Netherlands
| | | | - Antoine Italiano
- Early Phase Trials and Sarcoma, Institut Bergonié, Cours de l'Argonne, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Sandra del Castillo
- HAWK Biosystems (formerly known as FASTBASE Solutions S.L.), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Charles Evans
- HAWK Biosystems (formerly known as FASTBASE Solutions S.L.), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Fernando Aguirre
- HAWK Biosystems (formerly known as FASTBASE Solutions S.L.), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Peter J. Parker
- HAWK Biosystems (formerly known as FASTBASE Solutions S.L.), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciencess, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Véronique Calleja
- HAWK Biosystems (formerly known as FASTBASE Solutions S.L.), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
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Khan SU, Khan MU, Azhar Ud Din M, Khan IM, Khan MI, Bungau S, Hassan SSU. Reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages as a unique approach to target tumor immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1166487. [PMID: 37138860 PMCID: PMC10149956 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last ten years, it has become increasingly clear that tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells drive not just carcinogenesis via cancer-related inflammatory processes, but also tumor development, invasion, and metastasis. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in particular are the most common kind of leucocyte in many malignancies and play a crucial role in establishing a favorable microenvironment for tumor cells. Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) is vital as the primary immune cell subset in the tumor microenvironment (TME).In order to proliferate and spread to new locations, tumors need to be able to hide from the immune system by creating an immune-suppressive environment. Because of the existence of pro-tumoral TAMs, conventional therapies like chemotherapy and radiotherapy often fail to restrain cancer growth. These cells are also to blame for the failure of innovative immunotherapies premised on immune-checkpoint suppression. Understanding the series of metabolic changes and functional plasticity experienced by TAMs in the complex TME will help to use TAMs as a target for tumor immunotherapy and develop more effective tumor treatment strategies. This review summarizes the latest research on the TAMs functional status, metabolic changes and focuses on the targeted therapy in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safir Ullah Khan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Munir Ullah Khan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Azhar Ud Din
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan KPK, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Ibrar Muhammad Khan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Syed Shams ul Hassan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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19
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Nikoo M, Rabiee F, Mohebbi H, Eghbalifard N, Rajabi H, Yazdani Y, Sakhaei D, Khosravifarsani M, Akhavan-Sigari R. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab combination therapy in cancer: Current evidence to date. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109881. [PMID: 37012882 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer immunotherapy, yielding significant antitumor responses across multiple cancer types. Combination ICI therapy with anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 antibodies outperforms either antibody alone in terms of clinical efficacy. As a consequence, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) plus nivolumab (anti-PD-1) as the first-ever approved therapies for combined ICI in patients with metastatic melanoma. Despite the success of ICIs, treatment with checkpoint inhibitor combinations poses significant clinical challenges, such as increased rates of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and drug resistance. Thus, identifying optimal prognostic biomarkers could help to monitor the safety and efficacy of ICIs and identify patients who may benefit the most from these treatments. In this review, we will first go over the fundamentals of the CTLA-4 and PD-1 pathways, as well as the mechanisms of ICI resistance. The results of clinical findings that evaluated the combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab are then summarized to support future research in the field of combination therapy. Finally, the irAEs associated with combined ICI therapy, as well as the underlying biomarkers involved in their management, are discussed.
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20
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Chen H, Xu S, Zhang Y, Chen P. Systematic analysis of lncRNA gene characteristics based on PD-1 immune related pathway for the prediction of non-small cell lung cancer prognosis. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:9818-9838. [PMID: 37322912 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is heterogeneous. Molecular subtyping based on the gene expression profiles is an effective technique for diagnosing and determining the prognosis of NSCLC patients. METHODS Here, we downloaded the NSCLC expression profiles from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Gene Expression Omnibus databases. ConsensusClusterPlus was used to derive the molecular subtypes based on long-chain noncoding RNA (lncRNA) associated with the PD-1-related pathway. The LIMMA package and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-Cox analysis were used to construct the prognostic risk model. The nomogram was constructed to predict the clinical outcomes, followed by decision curve analysis (DCA) to validate the reliability of this nomogram. RESULTS We discovered that PD-1 was strongly and positively linked to the T-cell receptor signaling pathway. Furthermore, we identified two NSCLC molecular subtypes yielding a significantly distinctive prognosis. Subsequently, we developed and validated the 13-lncRNA-based prognostic risk model in the four datasets with high AUC values. Patients with low-risk showed a better survival rate and were more sensitive to PD-1 treatment. Nomogram construction combined with DCA revealed that the risk score model could accurately predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that lncRNAs engaged in the T-cell receptor signaling pathway played a significant role in the onset and development of NSCLC, and that they could influence the sensitivity to PD-1 treatment. In addition, the 13 lncRNA model was effective in assisting clinical treatment decision-making and prognosis evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejian Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Shuiyu Xu
- Department of Oncology, HaploX Biotechnology, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, HaploX Biotechnology, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Peifeng Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Zhuji People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhuji 311800, China
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21
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Larsen TV, Dybdal N, Daugaard TF, Lade-Keller J, Lin L, Sorensen BS, Nielsen AL. Examination of the Functional Relationship between PD-L1 DNA Methylation and mRNA Expression in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061909. [PMID: 36980795 PMCID: PMC10047551 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy targeting the interaction between programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a treatment option for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The expression of PD-L1 by the NSCLC cells determines treatment effectiveness, but the relationship between PD-L1 DNA methylation and expression has not been clearly described. We investigated PD-L1 DNA methylation, mRNA expression, and protein expression in NSCLC cell lines and tumor biopsies. We used clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) to modify PD-L1 genetic contexts and endonuclease deficient Cas9 (dCas9) fusions with ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 (TET1) and DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) to manipulate PD-L1 DNA methylation. In NSCLC cell lines, we identified specific PD-L1 CpG sites with methylation levels inversely correlated with PD-L1 mRNA expression. However, inducing PD-L1 mRNA expression with interferon-γ did not decrease the methylation level for these CpG sites, and using CRISPR-Cas9, we found that the CpG sites did not directly confer a negative regulation. dCas9-TET1 and dCas9-DNMT3A could induce PD-L1 hypo- and hyper-methylation, respectively, with the latter conferring a decrease in expression showing the functional impact of methylation. In NSCLC biopsies, the inverse correlation between the methylation and expression of PD-L1 was weak. We conclude that there is a regulatory link between PD-L1 DNA methylation and expression. However, since these measures are weakly associated, this study highlights the need for further research before PD-L1 DNA methylation can be implemented as a biomarker and drug target for measures to improve the effectiveness of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine V Larsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nina Dybdal
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tina F Daugaard
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Lin Lin
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Boe S Sorensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anders L Nielsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
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22
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Babar Q, Saeed A, Murugappan S, Dhumal D, Tabish T, Thorat ND. Promise of dostarlimab in cancer therapy: Advancements and cross-talk considerations. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103577. [PMID: 37004983 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, immunotherapy for cancer treatment using monoclonal antibodies has shown clinical success, particularly with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Dostarlimab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, interacts with adaptive immunity by binding to human PD-1, inhibiting PD-L1 and PD-L2 interactions, and cross-talk with adaptive immunity. Recent clinical trials have shown that dostarlimab is effective in treating mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) in endometrial cancer patients, leading to its approval in the United States and the European Union in 2021. This article provides a comprehensive overview of dostarlimab, its therapeutic ability, and the different indications for which it is being used. Dostarlimab could serve as a potential alternative to many cancer treatments that frequently have severe consequences on patients' quality of life. Teaser The comprehensive story behind dostarlimab is how it cured all 18 cancer patients who took part in the experimental clinical trial, ultimately leading to its approval by the US FDA.
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23
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Goh KY, Cheng TYD, Tham SC, Lim DWT. Circulating Biomarkers for Prediction of Immunotherapy Response in NSCLC. Biomedicines 2023; 11:508. [PMID: 36831044 PMCID: PMC9953588 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constitutes the majority of the lung cancer population and the prognosis is poor. In recent years, immunotherapy has become the standard of care for advanced NSCLC patients as numerous trials demonstrated that immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are more efficacious than conventional chemotherapy. However, only a minority of NSCLC patients benefit from this treatment. Therefore, there is an unmet need for biomarkers that could accurately predict response to immunotherapy. Liquid biopsy allows repeated sampling of blood-based biomarkers in a non-invasive manner for the dynamic monitoring of treatment response. In this review, we summarize the efforts and progress made in the identification of circulating biomarkers that predict immunotherapy benefit for NSCLC patients. We also discuss the challenges with future implementation of circulating biomarkers into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Yee Goh
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Terence You De Cheng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Su Chin Tham
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Darren Wan-Teck Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Office of Academic and Clinical Development, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
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24
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Siemiątkowska A, Bryl M, Kosicka-Noworzyń K, Tvrdoň J, Gołda-Gocka I, Główka FK. Low on-treatment levels of serum soluble CD8 (sCD8) predict better outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with atezolizumab. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:1853-1863. [PMID: 36688998 PMCID: PMC9870198 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03377-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy has changed the paradigm of treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). But, selecting patients who will achieve long-term benefits from treatment remains unsatisfactory. Here, we investigated the possible use of the soluble form of CD8 antigen (sCD8) in predicting durable disease control after PD-1/PD-L1 blockade. CD8 is a marker of the cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Its soluble form (sCD8) is secreted under activation of the immune system but also has immunosuppressive properties. The data about serum sCD8 in patients dosed with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 drugs are lacking. METHODS AND RESULTS We included 42 NSCLC patients and collected samples at baseline and for the first 3 months of atezolizumab immunotherapy. The serum sCD8 concentrations were measured with the ELISA kit and correlated with treatment outcomes. Patients with durable (≥ 12 months) disease control presented lower serum sCD8 than those without long-term benefits. The sCD8 levels measured at the end of cycle 2 (sCD8.2) were the earliest time point that successfully differentiated patients (3.76 vs. 9.68 ng/mL, respectively, p < 0.001). Individuals with low sCD8.2 (≤ 4.09 ng/mL) presented longer progression-free survival (HR = 0.061, p < 0.001) and overall survival (HR = 0.104, p < 0.05) compared to individuals with high sCD8.2 (median values unreached vs. 4.4 months and 14.4 months for PFS and OS, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Serum sCD8 could be an early biomarker of durable disease control after anti-PD-L1 treatment. Higher sCD8 in patients with worse outcomes could suggest the inhibitory effect of sCD8 on cytotoxic T-cells activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Siemiątkowska
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806, Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Bryl
- Department of Clinical Oncology with the Subdepartment of Diurnal Chemotherapy, Wielkopolska Center of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery, 62 Szamarzewskiego Street, 60-569 Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kosicka-Noworzyń
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806, Poznań, Poland
| | - Jakub Tvrdoň
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806, Poznań, Poland
| | - Iwona Gołda-Gocka
- Department of Clinical Oncology with the Subdepartment of Diurnal Chemotherapy, Wielkopolska Center of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery, 62 Szamarzewskiego Street, 60-569 Poznań, Poland
| | - Franciszek K. Główka
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka Street, 60-806, Poznań, Poland
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25
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Shi L, Lu J, Zhong D, Song M, Liu J, You W, Li WH, Lin L, Shi D, Chen Y. Clinicopathological and predictive value of MAIT cells in non-small cell lung cancer for immunotherapy. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:jitc-2022-005902. [PMID: 36657812 PMCID: PMC9853268 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remain ineffective in a large group of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, a population of unconventional innate-like T lymphocytes abundant in the human body, play important roles in human malignancies. Little is known about the immune characteristics of MAIT cells in NSCLC and correlation with prognosis and response rate of ICIs treatment. METHODS To investigate the distribution, activation status, and function of MAIT cells in NSCLC patients and their correlations with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, MAIT cells in peripheral blood, tumor and paratumor samples from NSCLC patients with or without anti-PD-1 immunotherapy were analyzed using flow cytometry and single-cell RNA-sequencing. RESULTS MAIT cells were enriched in the tumor lesions of NSCLC patients migrating from peripheral blood via the CCR6-CCL20 axis. Both peripheral and tumor-infiltrating MAIT cells displayed an exhausted phenotype with upregulated PD-1, TIM-3, and IL-17A while less IFN-γ. Anti-PD-1 therapy reversed the function of circulating MAIT cells with higher expression of IFN-γ and granzyme B. Subcluster MAIT-17s (defined as cells highly expressing exhausted and Th17-related genes) mainly infiltrated in the non-responsive tissues, while the subcluster MAIT-IFNGRs (cells expressing genes related to cytotoxic function) were mainly enriched in responsive tissues. Moreover, we found predictive value of circulating MAIT cells for anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in NSCLC patients. CONCLUSIONS MAIT cells shifted to an exhausted tumor-promoting phenotype in NSCLC patients and the circulating MAIT subset could be a predictor for patients who respond to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China,Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinying Lu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Da Zhong
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meijuan Song
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenhua You
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen-Hui Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Yancheng School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, The Third People’s Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongyan Shi
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China,Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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26
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Smok-Kalwat J, Mertowska P, Mertowski S, Smolak K, Kozińska A, Koszałka F, Kwaśniewski W, Grywalska E, Góźdź S. The Importance of the Immune System and Molecular Cell Signaling Pathways in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:1506. [PMID: 36675020 PMCID: PMC9861992 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a disease that in recent years has become one of the greatest threats to modern society. Every year there are more and more new cases and the percentage of deaths caused by this type of cancer increases. Despite many studies, scientists are still looking for answers regarding the mechanisms of lung cancer development and progression, with particular emphasis on the role of the immune system. The aim of this literature review was to present the importance of disorders of the immune system and the accompanying changes at the level of cell signaling in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. The collected results showed that in the process of immunopathogenesis of almost all subtypes of lung cancer, changes in the tumor microenvironment, deregulation of immune checkpoints and abnormalities in cell signaling pathways are involved, which contribute to the multistage and multifaceted carcinogenesis of this type of cancer. We, therefore, suggest that in future studies, researchers should focus on a detailed analysis of tumor microenvironmental immune checkpoints, and to validate their validity, perform genetic polymorphism analyses in a wide range of patients and healthy individuals to determine the genetic susceptibility to lung cancer development. In addition, further research related to the analysis of the tumor microenvironment; immune system disorders, with a particular emphasis on immunological checkpoints and genetic differences may contribute to the development of new personalized therapies that improve the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Smok-Kalwat
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Holy Cross Cancer Centre, 3 Artwinskiego Street, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
| | - Paulina Mertowska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sebastian Mertowski
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Konrad Smolak
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kozińska
- Student Research Group of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Filip Koszałka
- Student Research Group of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kwaśniewski
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewelina Grywalska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Stanisław Góźdź
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Holy Cross Cancer Centre, 3 Artwinskiego Street, 25-734 Kielce, Poland
- Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
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Davenne T, Percier P, Larbanoix L, Moser M, Leo O, Meylan E, Goriely S, Gérard P, Wauthoz N, Laurent S, Amighi K, Rosière R. Inhaled dry powder cisplatin increases antitumour response to anti-PD1 in a murine lung cancer model. J Control Release 2023; 353:317-326. [PMID: 36470334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapy in lung cancer, chemotherapy remains the backbone of treatment in most patients at different stages of the disease. Inhaled chemotherapy is a promising strategy to target lung tumours and to limit the induced severe systemic toxicities. Cisplatin dry powder for inhalation (CIS-DPI) was tested as an innovative way to deliver cisplatin locally via the pulmonary route with minimal systemic toxicities. In vivo, CIS-DPI demonstrated a dose-dependent antiproliferative activity in the M109 orthotopic murine lung tumour model and upregulated the immune checkpoint PD-L1 on lung tumour cells. Combination of CIS-DPI with the immune checkpoint inhibitor anti-PD1 showed significantly reduced tumour size, increased the number of responders and prolonged median survival over time in comparison to the anti-PD1 monotherapy. Furthermore, the CIS-DPI and anti-PD1 combination induced an intra-tumour recruitment of conventional dendritic cells and tumour infiltrating lymphocytes, highlighting an anti-tumour immune response. This study demonstrates that combining CIS-DPI with anti-PD1 is a promising strategy to improve lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Davenne
- InhaTarget Therapeutics, Rue Antoine de Saint-Exupéry 2, Gosselies, Belgium; Laboratory of Immunobiology, U-CRI, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Gosselies, Belgium; Unit of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, ULB, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Pauline Percier
- InhaTarget Therapeutics, Rue Antoine de Saint-Exupéry 2, Gosselies, Belgium.
| | - Lionel Larbanoix
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Université de Mons, Gosselies, Belgium.
| | - Muriel Moser
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, U-CRI, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Gosselies, Belgium.
| | - Oberdan Leo
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, U-CRI, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Gosselies, Belgium.
| | - Etienne Meylan
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, U-CRI, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Gosselies, Belgium; Lung Cancer and Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Bordet Cancer Research Laboratories, Institut Jules Bordet, ULB, Anderlecht, Belgium.
| | - Stanislas Goriely
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, U-CRI, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Gosselies, Belgium.
| | - Pierre Gérard
- InhaTarget Therapeutics, Rue Antoine de Saint-Exupéry 2, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Wauthoz
- Unit of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, ULB, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Université de Mons, Gosselies, Belgium.
| | - Karim Amighi
- Unit of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, ULB, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Rémi Rosière
- InhaTarget Therapeutics, Rue Antoine de Saint-Exupéry 2, Gosselies, Belgium; Unit of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, ULB, Brussels, Belgium.
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Yeo BSY, Song HJJMD, Soong YL, Chua MLK, Ang MK, Lim DWT, See A, Lim CM. Efficacy of Anti-PD1 Blockade in Treating Recurrent or Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Oral Oncol 2023; 136:106242. [PMID: 36413976 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.106242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Anti-PD1 antibody has emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic option in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic nasopharyngeal cancers (RM-NPC). We aim to summarise existing evidence on the use of anti-PD1 antibodies in the treatment of these patients and compare its effectiveness with standard-of-care palliative chemotherapy. Our secondary aim is to explore potential combination therapies with anti-PD1 antibodies. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases were systematically searched for studies comparing the efficacy of various anti-PD1 antibodies in the treatment of RM-NPC (either as first or second line treatment) from inception to 2 September 2022. Meta-analyses were performed to correlate the various anti-PD1 antibodies with primary endpoints including overall response rate disease control rate (DCR), progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Eighteen studies with 1,887 patients met the inclusion criteria. The use of anti-PD1 antibody monotherapy as second-line treatment of RM-NPC revealed an ORR of 23 % (95 % CI = 19 %-28 %) and DCR of 51 % (95 % CI = 42 %-60 %). The ORRs for first-line as well as a combination of first and second-line treatments were 21 % (95 % CI = 15 % - 30 %) and 22 % (95 % CI = 6 % - 56 %, I2 = 75 %) respectively. The 12-month PFS and 12-month OS was also 27 % (95 % CI = 21 %-33 %) and 63 % (95 % CI = 53 %-72 %) respectively. ORR was much higher at 73 % (95 % CI = 32 %-94 %) when anti-PD1 antibodies were combined with Gemcitabine plus Cisplatin. CONCLUSION Anti-PD1 antibody demonstrate considerable activity in previously treated RM-NPC patients. Combining anti-PD1 antibodies with gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy enhanced the efficacy of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Sheng Yep Yeo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, 117597, Singapore
| | | | - Yoke Lim Soong
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cres, 169610, Singapore
| | - Melvin Lee Kiang Chua
- Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cres, 169610, Singapore
| | - Mei-Kim Ang
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cres, 169610, Singapore
| | - Darren Wan Teck Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Cres, 169610, Singapore
| | - Anna See
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore; Academic Clinical Program, Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore.
| | - Chwee Ming Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore; Academic Clinical Program, Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, 169857, Singapore.
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Xu K, Ma J, Hall SRR, Peng RW, Yang H, Yao F. Battles against aberrant KEAP1-NRF2 signaling in lung cancer: intertwined metabolic and immune networks. Theranostics 2023; 13:704-723. [PMID: 36632216 PMCID: PMC9830441 DOI: 10.7150/thno.80184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (KEAP1/NRF2) pathway is well recognized as a key regulator of redox homeostasis, protecting cells from oxidative stress and xenobiotics under physiological circumstances. Cancer cells often hijack this pathway during initiation and progression, with aberrant KEAP1-NRF2 activity predominantly observed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), suggesting that cell/tissue-of-origin is likely to influence the genetic selection during malignant transformation. Hyperactivation of NRF2 confers a multi-faceted role, and recently, increasing evidence shows that a close interplay between metabolic reprogramming and tumor immunity remodelling contributes to its aggressiveness, treatment resistance (radio-/chemo-/immune-therapy) and susceptibility to metastases. Here, we discuss in detail the special metabolic and immune fitness enabled by KEAP1-NRF2 aberration in NSCLC. Furthermore, we summarize the similarities and differences in the dysregulated KEAP1-NRF2 pathway between two major histo-subtypes of NSCLC, provide mechanistic insights on the poor response to immunotherapy despite their high immunogenicity, and outline evolving strategies to treat this recalcitrant cancer subset. Finally, we integrate bioinformatic analysis of publicly available datasets to illustrate the new partners/effectors in NRF2-addicted cancer cells, which may provide new insights into context-directed treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anhui Chest Hospital, Hefei, 230000, China
| | - Sean R. R. Hall
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University; Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ren-Wang Peng
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Bern, 3010, Switzerland
| | - Haitang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China.,✉ Corresponding author: Haitang Yang (, +86 18217015189), Feng Yao (, +86 13636354837), Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. West Huaihai 241, 200030, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
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30
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Li X, Wang R, Wang S, Wang L, Yu J. Construction of a B cell-related gene pairs signature for predicting prognosis and immunotherapeutic response in non-small cell lung cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:989968. [PMID: 36389757 PMCID: PMC9647047 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.989968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 03/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence indicates that the B cells play important roles in anti-tumor immunity and shaping tumor development. This study aimed to explore the expression profiles of B cell marker genes and construct a B cell-related gene pairs (BRGPs) signature associated with the prognosis and immunotherapeutic efficiency in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. METHODS B cell-related marker genes in NSCLC were identified using single-cell RNA sequencing data. TCGA and GEO datasets were utilized to identify the prognostic BRGPs based on a novel algorithm of cyclically single pairing along with a 0-or-1 matrix. BRGPs signature was then constructed using Lasso-Cox regression model. Its prognostic value, associated immunogenomic features, putative molecular mechanism and predictive ability to immunotherapy were investigated in NSCLC patients. RESULTS The BRGPs signature was composed of 23 BRGPs including 28 distinct B cell-related genes. This predictive signature demonstrated remarkable power in distinguishing good or poor prognosis and can serve as an independent prognostic factor for NSCLC patients in both training and validation cohorts. Furthermore, BRGPs signature was significantly associated with immune scores, tumor purity, clinicopathological characteristics and various tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Besides, we demonstrated that the tumor mutational burden scores and TIDE scores were positively correlated with the risk score of the model implying immune checkpoint blockade therapy may be more effective in NSCLC patients with high-risk scores. CONCLUSIONS This novel BRGPs signature can be used to assess the prognosis of NSCLC patients and may be useful in guiding immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in our clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanzong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ruozheng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Shijiang Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jinming Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Research Unit of Radiation Oncology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Barbar J, Armach M, Hodroj MH, Assi S, El Nakib C, Chamseddine N, Assi HI. Emerging genetic biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma. SAGE Open Med 2022; 10:20503121221132352. [PMID: 36277445 PMCID: PMC9583216 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221132352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive genomic profiling is a next-generation sequencing approach used to
detect several known and emerging genomic alterations. Many genomic variants
detected by comprehensive genomic profiling have become recognized as
significant cancer biomarkers, leading to the development of major clinical
trials. Lung adenocarcinoma has become one of the most targeted cancers for
genomic profiling with a series of actionable mutations such as EGFR, KRAS,
HER2, BRAF, FGFR, MET, ALK, and many others. The importance of these mutations
lies in establishing targeted therapies that significantly change the outcome in
lung adenocarcinoma besides the prognostic value of some mutations. This review
sheds light on the development of the comprehensive genomic profiling field,
mainly lung adenocarcinoma, and discusses the role of a group of mutations in
this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawad Barbar
- Department of Internal Medicine,
Division of Hematology and Oncology, Naef K. Basile Cancer Institute, American
University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maria Armach
- Department of Internal Medicine,
Division of Hematology and Oncology, Naef K. Basile Cancer Institute, American
University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohammad Hassan Hodroj
- Department of Internal Medicine,
Division of Hematology and Oncology, Naef K. Basile Cancer Institute, American
University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Assi
- Department of Internal Medicine,
American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Clara El Nakib
- Department of Internal Medicine,
Division of Hematology and Oncology, Naef K. Basile Cancer Institute, American
University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nathalie Chamseddine
- Department of Internal Medicine,
Division of Hematology and Oncology, Naef K. Basile Cancer Institute, American
University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hazem I Assi
- Department of Internal Medicine,
Division of Hematology and Oncology, Naef K. Basile Cancer Institute, American
University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon,Hazem I Assi, Department of Internal
Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Naef K. Basile Cancer Institute,
American University of Beirut Medical Center, P.O. Box: 11-0236, Riad El Solh,
Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon.
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Yi M, Niu M, Wu Y, Ge H, Jiao D, Zhu S, Zhang J, Yan Y, Zhou P, Chu Q, Wu K. Combination of oral STING agonist MSA-2 and anti-TGF-β/PD-L1 bispecific antibody YM101: a novel immune cocktail therapy for non-inflamed tumors. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:142. [PMID: 36209176 PMCID: PMC9548169 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01363-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-inflamed tumors, including immune-excluded and immune-desert tumors, are commonly resistant to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 (α-PD-1/PD-L1) therapy. Our previous study reported the potent antitumor activity of anti-TGF-β/PD-L1 bispecific antibody YM101 in immune-excluded tumors. However, YM101 had limited antitumor activity in immune-desert models. MSA-2 is a novel oral stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist, which activates the innate immune system and may synergize with YM101 in overcoming immunotherapy resistance. METHODS The dose-dependent effect of MSA-2 on STING signaling was determined by interferon-β level. The maturation and function of dendritic cell (DC) were measured by flow cytometry, RNA-seq, one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), OVA peptide pulse, and cytokine/chemokine detection. The synergistic effect between MSA-2 and YM101 was assessed by one-way MLR. The macrophage activation was measured by flow cytometry and cytokine/chemokine detection. The in vivo antitumor activity of MSA-2 combined with YM101 was explored in syngeneic murine tumor models. After treatments, the alterations in the tumor microenvironment (TME) were detected by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry staining, immunofluorescence staining, RNA-seq, and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq). RESULTS MSA-2 could promote the maturation and antigen presentation capability of murine DC. In the one-way MLR assay, MSA-2 synergized with YM101 in enhancing naive T cell activation. Moreover, MSA-2 stimulated the classical activation of macrophage, without significant influence on alternative activation. Further in vivo explorations showed that MSA-2 increased multiple proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the TME. MSA-2 combined with YM101 remarkedly retarded tumor growth in immune-excluded and immune-desert models, with superior antitumor activity to monotherapies. Flow cytometry, bulk RNA-seq, and scRNA-seq assays indicated that the combination therapy simultaneously boosted the innate and adaptive immunity, promoted antigen presentation, improved T cell migration and chemotaxis, and upregulated the numbers and activities of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that MSA-2 synergizes with YM101 in boosting antitumor immunity. This immune cocktail therapy effectively overcomes immunotherapy resistance in immune-excluded and immune-desert models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, People's Republic of China
| | - Dechao Jiao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangli Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Biolake, Wuhan, 430075, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxiang Yan
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Biolake, Wuhan, 430075, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Biolake, Wuhan, 430075, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China.
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Lin A, Fang J, Cheng Q, Liu Z, Luo P, Zhang J. B Cell Receptor Signaling Pathway Mutation as Prognosis Predictor of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Lung Adenocarcinoma by Bioinformatic Analysis. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:5541-5555. [PMID: 36176353 PMCID: PMC9514294 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s379016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a revolutionary breakthrough. However, without the selection of a specific target population, the response rate of ICI therapy in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is low, so a clinical challenge has arisen in effectively using biomarkers to determine which patients can benefit from ICI therapy. Methods In this study, patients were divided according to whether or not nonsynonymous mutations were present in the BCR signaling pathway, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were established based on a LUAD cohort treated with ICIs (Miao-LUAD). Then the relationship between the mutation status of the BCR signaling pathway and the prognosis of immunotherapy was examined. Finally, data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) LUAD cohort, the Rizvi-LUAD, the Samstein-LUAD, and the Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University LUAD (Local-LUAD) cohort were combined, and the mutation panorama, immunogenicity, tumor microenvironment (TME) and pathway enrichment analysis between the BCR signaling pathway mutant group (BCR signaling MUT) and the BCR signaling pathway wild group (BCR signaling WT) were comprehensively compared. Results It was found that, compared with the BCR signaling WT, the BCR signaling MUT had a significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate, higher immunogenicity (tumor mutational burden, neoantigen load, and DNA damage response signaling mutations), and anti-tumor immune microenvironment. Conclusion These results revealed that the mutation state of the BCR signaling pathway has potential as a biomarker to predict the efficacy of ICIs in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Fang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Bidgoli A, DePriest BP, Saatloo MV, Jiang H, Fu D, Paczesny S. Current Definitions and Clinical Implications of Biomarkers in Graft-versus-Host Disease. Transplant Cell Ther 2022; 28:657-666. [PMID: 35830932 PMCID: PMC9547856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a potentially curative treatment for many hematologic and nonhematologic disorders. Graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) in its acute or chronic form remains the most important nonrelapse post-HCT complication. Biomarkers offer objective, unbiased information on systemic disorders, and significant attention has focused on identifying biomarkers for GVHD. Ideally, a GVHD biomarker is actionable, with the results of biomarker testing used to guide clinical management of disease and clinical trial design. Although many GVHD biomarkers have been identified, none have been properly qualified for clinical use. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have provided biomarker subtype definitions; however, confusion remains about the proper definition and application of these subtypes in the HCT field. The 2014 NIH consensus development project provided a framework for the development of biomarkers for clinical practice. This review aims to clarify the biomarker subtype definitions and reemphasize the developmental framework. Armed with this knowledge, clinicians can properly translate GVHD biomarkers for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Bidgoli
- Departments of (1)Microbiology and Immunology and (2)Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Brittany Paige DePriest
- Departments of (1)Microbiology and Immunology and (2)Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Maedeh Vakili Saatloo
- Departments of (1)Microbiology and Immunology and (2)Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Hua Jiang
- Departments of (1)Microbiology and Immunology and (2)Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Denggang Fu
- Departments of (1)Microbiology and Immunology and (2)Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Sophie Paczesny
- Departments of (1)Microbiology and Immunology and (2)Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.
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Tumor-Intrinsic PD-L1 Exerts an Oncogenic Function through the Activation of the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911031. [PMID: 36232331 PMCID: PMC9569632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) strongly inhibits T cell activation, thereby aiding tumors in escaping the immune response. PD-L1 inhibitors have proven to be effective in the treatment of different types of cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Yet, the knowledge regarding the biological function of tumor-intrinsic PD-L1 in lung cancer remains obscure. In our study, we set the goal of determining the function of PD-L1 using overexpression and knockdown strategies. PD-L1 silencing resulted in decreased migratory and invasive ability of tumor cells, together with attenuated colony-forming capacity. Ectopic expression of PD-L1 showed the opposite effects, along with increased activities of MAPK and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, and the upregulation of Wnt/β-catenin target genes. Additionally, overexpression of PD-L1 was associated with dysregulated cellular and exosomal miRNAs involved in tumor progression and metastasis. In primary lung tumors, immunohistochemistry revealed that both PD1 and PD-L1 were highly expressed in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) compared to adenocarcinoma (p = 0.045 and p = 0.036, respectively). In SCC, PD1 expression was significantly associated with tumor grading (p = 0.016). Taken together, our data suggest that PD-L1 may exert an oncogenic function in NSCLC through activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and may act as a potential diagnostic marker for lung SCC.
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Bojungikki-Tang Enhances the Effect of PD-1 Blockade in a Syngeneic Murine Model of Lung Carcinoma. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10091683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although immunotherapy has become the standard of treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), only a limited number of patients benefit from it clinically because of the resistance to immunotherapeutic agents. Of late, the usefulness of herbal medicines in combination with immunotherapy has been investigated. Bojungikki-Tang (BJIKT) is a widely used traditional herbal medicine. It synergistically enhances the antitumor effects of chemotherapy and regulates the immune responses in cancer, but its antitumor effect with immunotherapy in NSCLC is unclear. In this study, we investigated the combined effects of BJIKT and an anti-PD-1 antibody in a KLN205-DBA/2 syngeneic lung cancer model. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry analyses were performed to analyze the changes in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. BJIKT plus an anti-PD-1 antibody treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth, unlike the respective monotherapies. Compared to monotherapy, the combination treatment resulted in a higher population of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and a lower number of Ki67+ cells in the tumor tissues. Furthermore, the combination treatment decreased the proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells but increased the proportion of M1-like macrophages compared to that observed with monotherapy. Cytokine analysis showed that the combination treatment increased the levels of T helper type 1-related cytokines. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that BJIKT might regulate multiple signaling pathways related to immune function and tumor progression in NSCLC. These findings indicate that the combination treatment with BJIKT and an anti-PD-1 antibody effectively suppresses tumor growth by regulating immune function and may be an alternative therapeutic option for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Li W, Wang F, Guo R, Bian Z, Song Y. Targeting macrophages in hematological malignancies: recent advances and future directions. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:110. [PMID: 35978372 PMCID: PMC9387027 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01328-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that the detection and clearance of cancer cells via phagocytosis induced by innate immune checkpoints play significant roles in tumor-mediated immune escape. The most well-described innate immune checkpoints are the "don't eat me" signals, including the CD47/signal regulatory protein α axis (SIRPα), PD-1/PD-L1 axis, CD24/SIGLEC-10 axis, and MHC-I/LILRB1 axis. Molecules have been developed to block these pathways and enhance the phagocytic activity against tumors. Several clinical studies have investigated the safety and efficacy of CD47 blockades, either alone or in combination with existing therapy in hematological malignancies, including myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and lymphoma. However, only a minority of patients have significant responses to these treatments alone. Combining CD47 blockades with other treatment modalities are in clinical studies, with early results suggesting a synergistic therapeutic effect. Targeting macrophages with bispecific antibodies are being explored in blood cancer therapy. Furthermore, reprogramming of pro-tumor macrophages to anti-tumor macrophages, and CAR macrophages (CAR-M) demonstrate anti-tumor activities. In this review, we elucidated distinct types of macrophage-targeted strategies in hematological malignancies, from preclinical experiments to clinical trials, and outlined potential therapeutic approaches being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Rongqun Guo
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Zhilei Bian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yongping Song
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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Role of circular RNAs in disease progression and diagnosis of cancers: An overview of recent advanced insights. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 220:973-984. [PMID: 35977596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a crucial regulator of tumor progression and cells in the TME release a number of molecules that are responsible for anaplasticity, invasion, metastasis of tumor, establishing stem cell niches, up-regulation and down-regulation of various pathways in cancer cells, interfering with immune surveillance and immune escape. Moreover, they can serve as diagnostic markers, and determine effective therapies. Among them, CircRNAs have gained special attention due to their involvement in mutated pathways in cancers. By functioning as a molecular sponge for miRNAs, binding with proteins, and directing selective splicing. CircRNAs modify the immunological environment of cancers to promote their growth. Besides of critical role in tumor growth, circRNAs are emerging as potential candidates as biomarkers for diagnosis cancer therapy. Also, circRNAs vaccination even offers a novel approach to tumor immunotherapy. Over the recent years, studies are advocating that circRNAs have tissue specific tumor specific expression patterns, which indicates their potential clinical utility. Especially, circRNAs have emerged as potential predictive and prognostic biomarkers. Although, there has been significant progress in deciphering the role of circRNA in cancers, literature lacks comprehensive overview on this topic. Keeping in view of these significant discoveries, this review systematically discusses circRNA and their role in the tumor in different dimensions.
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Garg T, Shrigiriwar A, Habibollahi P, Cristescu M, Liddell RP, Chapiro J, Inglis P, Camacho JC, Nezami N. Intraarterial Therapies for the Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143351. [PMID: 35884412 PMCID: PMC9322128 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Image-guided locoregional therapies play a crucial role in the management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Transarterial therapies consist of a group of catheter-based treatments where embolic agents are delivered directly into the tumor via their supplying arteries. Some of the transarterial therapies available include bland embolization (TAE), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), drug-eluting beads-transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE), selective internal radioembolization therapy (SIRT), and hepatic artery infusion (HAI). This article provides a review of pre-procedural, intra-procedural, and post-procedural aspects of each therapy, along with a review of the literature. Newer embolotherapy options and future directions are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Garg
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (T.G.); (R.P.L.)
| | - Apurva Shrigiriwar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
| | - Peiman Habibollahi
- Department of Interventional Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Mircea Cristescu
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology Division, Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA;
| | - Robert P. Liddell
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; (T.G.); (R.P.L.)
| | - Julius Chapiro
- Section of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Peter Inglis
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Juan C. Camacho
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA;
- Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Radiology Associates of Florida, Sarasota, FL 34239, USA
| | - Nariman Nezami
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
- Experimental Therapeutics Program, University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Correspondence:
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Primary and Acquired Resistance against Immune Check Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143294. [PMID: 35884355 PMCID: PMC9316464 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary NSCLC accounts for approximately 84% of lung malignancies and the clinical application of ICIs provides a novel and promising strategy. However, approximately 80% of NSCLC patients do not benefit from ICIs due to drug resistance complicated by disciplines and diverse mechanisms. Through this review, we provide a whole map of current understanding of primary and acquired resistance mechanisms in NSCLC. In the first part, resistance mechanisms of 6 FDA-approved ICIs-related primary resistance are collected and arranged into 7 steps of the well-known cancer-immunity cycle. Acquired resistance induced by ICIs are summarized in the second part. In the third part, we discuss the future direction, including the deeper understanding of tumor microenvironment and the combinational treatment. Through this review, clinicians can get clear and direct clues to find the underlying mechanisms in patients and translational researchers can acquire several directions to overcome resistance and apply new combinational treatment. Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors have emerged as the treatment landscape of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in recent years. However, approximately 80% of NSCLC patients do not benefit from ICIs due to primary resistance (no initial response) or acquired resistance (tumor relapse after an initial response). In this review, we highlight the mechanisms of primary and secondary resistance. Furthermore, we provide a future direction of the potential predictive biomarkers and the tumor microenvironmental landscape and suggest treatment strategies to overcome these mechanisms.
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When artificial intelligence meets PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors: Population screening, response prediction and efficacy evaluation. Comput Biol Med 2022; 145:105499. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Wen T, Su C, Cheng X, Wang Y, Ma T, Bai Z, Zhang H, Liu Z. Circulating myeloid-derived suppressors cells correlate with clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes undergoing neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1184-1194. [PMID: 34988921 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02765-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Myeloid-derived suppressors cells (MDSCs) are heterogeneous immunosuppressive cells, closely related to the development, efficacy and prognosis in various tumors. The relationship between clinicopathological characteristics, efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NCIO) and circulating MDSCs in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was investigated in this study. METHODS This study analyzed the clinical data of patients diagnosed at Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest Hospital from November 2020 to August 2021. MDSCs and T cells subgroups were measured in fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) at baseline. Flow cytometry was used to detect MDSCs and T cells subgroups. RESULTS A total of 78 patients with NSCLC and 20 patients with benign nodule underwent direct surgery. 23 patients with NSCLC scheduled to accept NCIO before surgery. NSCLC had elevated levels of total MDSCs, PMN-MDSCs and M-MDSCs compared to patients with benign nodule. MDSCs subgroups were correlated to the pTNM stage in NSCLC patients. The frequency of total MDSCs were moderately positively correlated with regulatory T cells (Tregs)(r = 0.3597, P < 0.01) and negatively correlated with CD4 + T cells(r = 0.2714, P < 0.05). The baseline levels of total MDSCs, PMN-MDSCs and Tregs in pCR patients were significantly decreased than those of non-pCR patients (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Circulating MDSCs were increased in NSCLC patients. MDSC subgroups were related to pTNM stage in NSCLC patients. Total MDSCs were positively correlated with Tregs levels and negatively correlated with CD4 + T cells in peripheral blood. The level of MDSCs and Tregs in peripheral blood may have potential value in predicting pathological response in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Wen
- No. 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - C Su
- No. 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - X Cheng
- No. 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Wang
- No. 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - T Ma
- No. 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Z Bai
- No. 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - H Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Z Liu
- No. 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Roelofsen L, Kaptein P, Thommen D. Multimodal predictors for precision immunotherapy. IMMUNO-ONCOLOGY TECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:100071. [PMID: 35755892 PMCID: PMC9216437 DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) unleashes immune cells to attack tumors, thereby inducing durable clinical responses in many cancer types. The number of patients responding to ICB is modest, however, and combination treatments are likely needed to overcome the multifaceted suppressive pathways active in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The development of precision immuno-oncology (IO) strategies allowing to identify the optimal treatment of each patient upfront is therefore a pivotal question in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Although single-parameter biomarkers can enrich for response to ICB, their predictive capacity is far from perfect and their clinical utility is complicated by their continuous nature and the difficulty to determine cut-offs that reliably distinguish responding patients from those without clinical benefit. The antitumor immune response that is induced or reinvigorated by immunotherapy is a complex cascade of events requiring the interplay of multiple cell types. To move towards precision IO, it is therefore essential to understand for each individual patient at which level(s) the antitumor immune response failed and how it can be therapeutically restored. Holistic approaches to profile human tumor microenvironments and treatment-induced responses may help to identify critical rate-limiting factors of antitumor immunity. These factors need to be translated into clinically applicable multimodal predictors that allow for the selection of the best IO treatment. This review discusses strategies to (i) create such holistic views of antitumor immunity, (ii) identify measurable parameters capturing the complexity of a patient's immune status, and (iii) facilitate the incorporation of precision IO research in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - D.S. Thommen
- Division of Molecular Oncology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Ulivi P, Urbini M, Petracci E, Canale M, Dubini A, Bartolini D, Calistri D, Cravero P, Fonzi E, Martinelli G, Priano I, Andrikou K, Bronte G, Crinò L, Delmonte A. Wide Next-Generation Sequencing Characterization of Young Adults Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102352. [PMID: 35625958 PMCID: PMC9139648 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular characterization of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is mandatory before any treatment decision making. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches represent the best strategy in this context. The turnaround time for NGS methodologies and the related costs are becoming more and more adaptable for their use in clinical practice. In our study, we analyzed a case series of young (under 65 years old) NSCLC patients with a wide NGS gene panel assay. The most frequent altered genes were TP53 (64.55%), followed by KRAS (44.1%), STK11 (26.9%), CDKN2A (21.5%), CDKN2B (14.0%), EGFR (16.1%), and RB1 (10.8%). Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was also evaluated. Considering the cut-off of 10 mut/Mb, 62 (68.9%) patients showed a TMB < 10 mut/Mb, whereas 28 (31.1%) showed a TMB ≥ 10 mut/Mb. STK11 and KRAS mutations were significantly associated with a higher TMB (p = 0.019 and p = 0.004, respectively). Conversely, EGFR and EML4-ALK alterations were more frequently found in tumors with low TMB (p = 0.019 and p < 0.001, respectively). We compared results obtained from this approach with those obtained from a single or few genes approach, observing perfect concordance of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Ulivi
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (P.U.); (M.U.); (D.C.)
| | - Milena Urbini
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (P.U.); (M.U.); (D.C.)
| | - Elisabetta Petracci
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (E.P.); (E.F.)
| | - Matteo Canale
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (P.U.); (M.U.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0543-739232; Fax: +39-0543-739221
| | | | | | - Daniele Calistri
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (P.U.); (M.U.); (D.C.)
| | - Paola Cravero
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (P.C.); (G.M.); (I.P.); (K.A.); (G.B.); (L.C.); (A.D.)
| | - Eugenio Fonzi
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (E.P.); (E.F.)
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (P.C.); (G.M.); (I.P.); (K.A.); (G.B.); (L.C.); (A.D.)
| | - Ilaria Priano
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (P.C.); (G.M.); (I.P.); (K.A.); (G.B.); (L.C.); (A.D.)
| | - Kalliopi Andrikou
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (P.C.); (G.M.); (I.P.); (K.A.); (G.B.); (L.C.); (A.D.)
| | - Giuseppe Bronte
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (P.C.); (G.M.); (I.P.); (K.A.); (G.B.); (L.C.); (A.D.)
| | - Lucio Crinò
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (P.C.); (G.M.); (I.P.); (K.A.); (G.B.); (L.C.); (A.D.)
| | - Angelo Delmonte
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy; (P.C.); (G.M.); (I.P.); (K.A.); (G.B.); (L.C.); (A.D.)
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Eklund EA, Wiel C, Fagman H, Akyürek LM, Raghavan S, Nyman J, Hallqvist A, Sayin VI. KRAS Mutations Impact Clinical Outcome in Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092063. [PMID: 35565194 PMCID: PMC9103674 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need to identify new predictive biomarkers for treatment response to both platinum doublet chemotherapy (PT) and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Here, we evaluated whether treatment outcome could be affected by KRAS mutational status in patients with metastatic (Stage IV) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). All consecutive patients molecularly assessed and diagnosed between 2016−2018 with Stage IV NSCLC in the region of West Sweden were included in this multi-center retrospective study. The primary study outcome was overall survival (OS). Out of 580 Stage IV NSCLC patients, 35.5% harbored an activating mutation in the KRAS gene (KRASMUT). Compared to KRAS wild-type (KRASWT), KRASMUT was a negative factor for OS (p = 0.014). On multivariate analysis, KRASMUT persisted as a negative factor for OS (HR 1.478, 95% CI 1.207−1.709, p < 0.001). When treated with first-line platinum doublet (n = 195), KRASMUT was a negative factor for survival (p = 0.018), with median OS of 9 months vs. KRASWT at 11 months. On multivariate analysis, KRASMUT persisted as a negative factor for OS (HR 1.564, 95% CI 1.124−2.177, p = 0.008). KRASMUT patients with high PD-L1 expression (PD-L1high) had better OS than PD-L1highKRASWT patients (p = 0.036). In response to first-line ICB, KRASMUT patients had a significantly (p = 0.006) better outcome than KRASWT patients, with a median OS of 23 vs. 6 months. On multivariable Cox analysis, KRASMUT status was an independent prognostic factor for better OS (HR 0.349, 95% CI 0.148−0.822, p = 0.016). kRAS mutations are associated with better response to treatment with immune checkpoint blockade and worse response to platinum doublet chemotherapy as well as shorter general OS in Stage IV NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella A. Eklund
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (E.A.E.); (C.W.)
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (J.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Clotilde Wiel
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (E.A.E.); (C.W.)
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (H.F.); (L.M.A.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Levent M. Akyürek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (H.F.); (L.M.A.)
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sukanya Raghavan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Jan Nyman
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (J.N.); (A.H.)
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andreas Hallqvist
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (J.N.); (A.H.)
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Volkan I. Sayin
- Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (E.A.E.); (C.W.)
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence:
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Amarillo D, Brugnini A, Trías N, Rodriguez Sande V, Salisbury S, Cuello M, Lens D. Circulating T regulatory cell subsets in patients with untreated lung cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:1755-1763. [PMID: 35445283 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02827-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Regulatory T Cells (Tregs) play an important role in carcinogenesis and tumor immunoediting by preventing the development of effective antitumor immunity. Several reports showed that circulating Tregs are increased in patients with solid tumors, including lung cancer. Treg population could be categorized into "naive," "effector," and "memory" subtypes, bearing potential unique functions. However, the data regarding the prognostic impact of these Tregs subtypes is limited in lung cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of different circulating Tregs subtypes in lung cancer and their correlation with clinical outcomes. METHODS We analyzed the frequency of circulating CD4, CD8 and, Tregs lymphocytes in 66 patients with lung cancer and 32 healthy controls using flow cytometry. Circulating Tregs subtypes: naïve (CD3+ , CD4+ , CCR4+ , CD25+ and CD127low, CD45RO-), memory (CD3+ , CD4+ , CCR4+ , CD25+ and CD127low, CD45RO+) and the expression of the activation marker HLA-DR were correlated with overall survival. RESULTS The percentage and the absolute number of total, memory and activated Tregs was significantly higher in lung cancer patients than healthy controls. Patients with a Tregs percentage higher than 5.4% and higher than 20% of HLA-DR + Tregs had worse overall survival than those with lower levels. CONCLUSIONS Circulating Tregs and activated Tregs are a potential prognostic factor in patients with lung cancer treated with conventional therapy and could be considered a predictive biomarker in patients not eligible for immune blockade treatments. Additionally, it will be interesting to study these Tregs subsets for immune treatments in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahiana Amarillo
- Departamento Básico de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andreina Brugnini
- Departamento Básico de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Natalia Trías
- Departamento Básico de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Virginia Rodriguez Sande
- Departamento Básico de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Siul Salisbury
- Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mauricio Cuello
- Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Daniela Lens
- Departamento Básico de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas Dr. Manuel Quintela, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Impact of Baseline Clinical Biomarkers on Treatment Outcomes in Patients with Advanced NSCLC Receiving First-line Pembrolizumab-based Therapy. Clin Lung Cancer 2022; 23:438-445. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Niu M, Liu Y, Yi M, Jiao D, Wu K. Biological Characteristics and Clinical Significance of Soluble PD-1/PD-L1 and Exosomal PD-L1 in Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:827921. [PMID: 35386715 PMCID: PMC8977417 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.827921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune checkpoint pathway consisting of the cell membrane-bound molecule programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 has been found to mediate negative regulatory signals that effectively inhibit T-cell proliferation and function and impair antitumor immune responses. Considerable evidence suggests that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is responsible for tumor immune tolerance and immune escape. Blockage of this pathway has been found to reverse T lymphocyte depletion and restore antitumor immunity. Antagonists targeting this pathway have shown significant clinical activity in specific cancer types. Although originally identified as membrane-type molecules, several other forms of PD-1/PD-L1 have been detected in the blood of cancer patients, including soluble PD-1/PD-L1 (sPD-1/sPD-L1) and exosomal PD-L1 (exoPD-L1), increasing the composition and functional complications of the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway. For example, sPD-1 has been shown to block the PD-1/PD-L immunosuppressive pathway by binding to PD-L1 and PD-L2, whereas the role of sPD-L1 and its mechanism of action in cancer remain unclear. In addition, many studies have investigated the roles of exoPD-L1 in immunosuppression, as a biomarker for tumor progression and as a predictive biomarker for response to immunotherapy. This review describes the molecular mechanisms underlying the generation of sPD-1/sPD-L1 and exoPD-L1, along with their biological activities and methods of detection. In addition, this review discusses the clinical importance of sPD-1/sPD-L1 and exoPD-L1 in cancer, including their predictive and prognostic roles and the effects of treatments that target these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dechao Jiao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Kongming Wu, ; Dechao Jiao,
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Kongming Wu, ; Dechao Jiao,
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Holmen Olofsson G, Mikkelsen MK, Ragle AM, Christiansen AB, Olsen AP, Heide-Ottosen L, Horsted CB, Pedersen CMS, Engell-Noerregaard L, Lorentzen T, Persson GF, Vinther A, Nielsen DL, thor Straten P. High Intensity Aerobic exercise training and Immune cell Mobilization in patients with lung cancer (HI AIM)—a randomized controlled trial. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:246. [PMID: 35247994 PMCID: PMC8897734 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09349-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The increasing role of exercise training in cancer care is built on evidence that exercise can reduce side effects of treatment, improve physical functioning and quality of life. We and others have shown in mouse tumor models, that exercise leads to an adrenalin-mediated increased influx of T and NK cells into the tumor, altering the tumor microenvironment (TME) and leading to reduced tumor growth. These data suggest that exercise could improve immune responses against cancer cells by increase immune cell infiltration to the tumor and potentially having an impact on disease progression. Additionally, there are data to suggest that infiltration of T and NK cells into the TME is correlates with response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients. We have therefore initiated the clinical trial HI AIM, to investigate if high intensity exercise can mobilize and increase infiltration of immune cells in the TME in patients with lung cancer. Methods HI AIM (NCT04263467) is a randomized controlled trial (70 patients, 1:1) for patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Patients in the treatment arm, receive an exercise-intervention consisting of supervised and group-based exercise training, comprising primarily intermediate to high intensity interval training three times per week over 6 weeks. All patients will also receive standard oncological treatments; checkpoint inhibitors, checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy or oncological surveillance. Blood samples and biopsies (ultrasound guided), harvested before, during and after the 6-week training program, will form basis for immunological measurements of an array of immune cells and markers. Primary outcome is circulating NK cells. Secondary outcome is other circulating immune cells, infiltration of immune cells in tumor, inflammatory markers, aerobic capacity measured by VO2 max test, physical activity levels and quality of life measured by questionnaires, and clinical outcomes. Discussion To our knowledge, HI AIM is the first project to combine supervised and monitored exercise in patients with lung cancer, with rigorous analyses of immune and cancer cell markers over the course of the trial. Data from the trial can potentially support exercise as a tool to mobilize cells of the immune system, which in turn could potentiate the effect of immunotherapy. Trial registration The study was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov on February 10th 2020, ID: NCT04263467. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04263467
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Zhao Y, Liao P, Huang S, Deng T, Tan J, Huang Y, Zhan H, Li Y, Chen S, Zhong L. Increased TOX expression associates with exhausted T cells in patients with multiple myeloma. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:12. [PMID: 35246241 PMCID: PMC8895562 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00267-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown increased aberrant expression of immune checkpoint (IC) proteins, such as programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) and T cell immunoglobulin mucin-domain-containing-3 (Tim-3) on T cells from patients with multiple myeloma (MM), which result in T cell exhaustion and dysfunction. However, little is known about the mechanism regulating aberrant IC protein expression. In this study, we analyzed the expression of TOX (thymocyte selection-associated HMG BOX), a crucial transcription factor involved in T cell exhaustion, and its co-expression with PD-1, Tim-3, and CD244 in T cell subsets by multi-color fluorescent flow cytometry in peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) samples from patients with MM. Significantly, the percentage of TOX + CD3 +/CD4 +/CD8 + T cells was increased, and similarly, higher numbers of TOX co-expression with PD-1, Tim-3, and CD244 on CD3 +/CD4 +/CD8 + T cells were found. Interestingly, the numbers of TOX +, TOX + PD-1 +, and TOX + Tim-3 + regulatory T (Treg) cells also significantly increased in both the PB and BM of MM patients. In summary, we for the first time observed increased TOX expression concurrent with PD-1, Tim-3, and CD244 on T cells, which may contribute to T cell exhaustion and impair their function in MM. Thus, TOX may be considered a potential target for reversing T cell exhaustion and improving T cell function in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Institute of Hematology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Pengjun Liao
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shuxin Huang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Institute of Hematology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Tairan Deng
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Institute of Hematology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jiaxiong Tan
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Youxue Huang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Institute of Hematology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Huien Zhan
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yangqiu Li
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Institute of Hematology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Institute of Hematology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Liye Zhong
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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