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He Z, Zhou M, Feng X, Di Q, Meng D, Yu X, Yan Y, Sun M, Li Y. The Role of Brassinosteroids in Plant Cold Stress Response. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:1015. [PMID: 39202757 PMCID: PMC11355907 DOI: 10.3390/life14081015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Temperature affects plant growth and geographical distribution. Cold stress occurs when temperatures fall below the physiologically optimal range for plants, causing permanent and irreversible damage to plant growth, development, and production. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are steroid hormones that play an important role in plant growth and various stress responses. Recent studies have shown that low temperatures affect BR biosynthesis in many plant species and that BR signaling is involved in the regulation of plant tolerance to low temperatures, both in the CBF-dependent and CBF-independent pathways. These two regulatory pathways correspond to transient and acclimation responses of low temperature, respectively. The crosstalk between BRs and other hormones is a significant factor in low-temperature tolerance. We provide an overview of recent developments in our knowledge of BRs' function in plant responses to cold stress and how they interact with other plant hormones in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mintao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (Z.H.); (M.Z.); (X.F.); (Q.D.); (D.M.); (X.Y.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yansu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (Z.H.); (M.Z.); (X.F.); (Q.D.); (D.M.); (X.Y.); (Y.Y.)
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Huang L, Liu X, Liu Y, Tanveer M, Chen W, Fu W, Wang Q, Guo Y, Shabala S. Revealing mechanistic basis of ameliorating detrimental effects of cadmium in cherry tomatoes by exogenous application of melatonin and brassinosteroids. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 283:116768. [PMID: 39067078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Increased anthropogenic activities over the last decades have led to a gradual increase in cadmium content in the soil, which, due to its high mobility in soil, makes Cd accumulation in plants a serious threat to the health of animals and humans. Plant hormones including melatonin (Mel) and brassinosteroids (BR) are known to provide tolerance against various abiotic stresses. In this work, the role of combined and separate exogenous application of Mel and BR on Cd stress in cherry tomato plants was examined. Cd stress significantly reduced tomato growth by inducing oxidative stress and reduced K+ uptake in roots and shoots. Combined application of Mel and BR reduced detrimental effects of Cd in tomato by (i) reducing Cd accumulation in the shoot; (ii) increasing the activities of different antioxidants (SOD, CAT, APX, GR); (iii) triggering higher expression of genes relating to Cd vacuolar sequestration (Na+/H+ EXCHANGER, SlNHX1; NATURAL RESISTANCE-ASSOCIATED MACROPHAGE PROTEIN 6, SlNRAMP6), and Cd transport and detoxification (HEAVY-METAL-ASSOCIATED 3, SlHMA3; PLANT CADMIUM RESISTANT 2, SlPCR2); and (iv) improving plant K+ homeostasis and contents in root and shoot. The latter trait was associated with the reduced gene expression of K+-permeable outward rectifying channel (SlGORK3), and transcriptional upregulation of high affinity potassium transporter 5 (SIHAK5) under Cd stress. A separate application of Mel and BR showed tissue-specific regulation of tomato growth and Cd tolerance by regulating antioxidant activities, K+ uptake, Cd uptake, and translocation from root to shoot and their endogenous contents. Melatonin per se was more effective in improving Cd tolerance in shoot while beneficial BR effects were more pronounced in roots, and their combined application was effective in both tissues. Taken together, reported results show tissue-specific regulation of Cd tolerance by Mel and BR in cherry tomato plants and demonstrate the efficiency of combined Mel + BR treatment as a practical tool to reduce Cd accumulation and mitigate its negative effects on plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Huang
- International Research Canter for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China.
| | - Xing Liu
- International Research Canter for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yue Liu
- International Research Canter for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Mohsin Tanveer
- Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Wen Chen
- International Research Canter for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Wenxuan Fu
- International Research Canter for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Qianqian Wang
- International Research Canter for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yongjun Guo
- International Research Canter for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- International Research Canter for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China; School of Biological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Perth, Australia.
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Bungala LTDC, Park C, Dique JEL, Sathasivam R, Shin SY, Park SU. Ethylene: A Modulator of the Phytohormone-Mediated Insect Herbivory Network in Plants. INSECTS 2024; 15:404. [PMID: 38921119 PMCID: PMC11203721 DOI: 10.3390/insects15060404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Plants have evolved to establish insect herbivory defences by modulating their metabolism, growth, and development. Precise networks of phytohormones are essential to induce those herbivory defences. Gaseous phytohormone ET plays an important role in forming herbivory defences. Its role in insect herbivory is not fully understood, but previous studies have shown that it can both positively and negatively regulate herbivory. This review presents recent findings on crosstalk between ET and other phytohormones in herbivory responses. Additionally, the use of exogenous ETH treatment to induce ET in response to herbivory is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Tarcisio da Cristina Bungala
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (L.T.d.C.B.); (C.P.); (R.S.)
- Mozambique Agricultural Research Institute, Central Regional Center, Highway N° 6, Chimoio P.O. Box 42, Mozambique;
| | - Chanung Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (L.T.d.C.B.); (C.P.); (R.S.)
| | - José Eulário Lampi Dique
- Mozambique Agricultural Research Institute, Central Regional Center, Highway N° 6, Chimoio P.O. Box 42, Mozambique;
- Department of Biology, Natural Science Institute, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37203-202, Brazil
| | - Ramaraj Sathasivam
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (L.T.d.C.B.); (C.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Su Young Shin
- Using Technology Development Department, Bio-Resources Research Division, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources (NNIBR), 137, Donam 2-gil, Sangju-si 37242, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea; (L.T.d.C.B.); (C.P.); (R.S.)
- Department of Smart Agriculture Systems, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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4
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Zhang Z, Xia Z, Zhou C, Wang G, Meng X, Yin P. Insights into Salinity Tolerance in Wheat. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:573. [PMID: 38790202 PMCID: PMC11121000 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Salt stress has a detrimental impact on food crop production, with its severity escalating due to both natural and man-made factors. As one of the most important food crops, wheat is susceptible to salt stress, resulting in abnormal plant growth and reduced yields; therefore, damage from salt stress should be of great concern. Additionally, the utilization of land in coastal areas warrants increased attention, given diminishing supplies of fresh water and arable land, and the escalating demand for wheat. A comprehensive understanding of the physiological and molecular changes in wheat under salt stress can offer insights into mitigating the adverse effects of salt stress on wheat. In this review, we summarized the genes and molecular mechanisms involved in ion transport, signal transduction, and enzyme and hormone regulation, in response to salt stress based on the physiological processes in wheat. Then, we surveyed the latest progress in improving the salt tolerance of wheat through breeding, exogenous applications, and microbial pathways. Breeding efficiency can be improved through a combination of gene editing and multiple omics techniques, which is the fundamental strategy for dealing with salt stress. Possible challenges and prospects in this process were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Pengcheng Yin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; (Z.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.Z.); (G.W.); (X.M.)
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Wang M, Li J, Li T, Kang S, Jiang S, Huang J, Tang H. Light Supplementation in Pitaya Orchards Induces Pitaya Flowering in Winter by Promoting Phytohormone Biosynthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4794. [PMID: 38732009 PMCID: PMC11083671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The interaction between light and phytohormones is crucial for plant growth and development. The practice of supplementing light at night during winter to promote pitaya flowering and thereby enhance yield has been shown to be crucial and widely used. However, it remains unclear how supplemental winter light regulates phytohormone levels to promote flowering in pitaya. In this study, through analyzing the transcriptome data of pitaya at four different stages (NL, L0, L1, L2), we observed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly enriched in the phytohormone biosynthesis pathway. We further analyzed the data and found that cytokinin (CK) content first increased at the L0 stage and then decreased at the L1 and L2 stages after supplemental light treatment compared to the control (NL). Gibberellin (GA), auxin (IAA), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA) content increased during the formation of flower buds (L1, L2 stages). In addition, the levels of GA, ethylene (ETH), IAA, and abscisic acid (ABA) increased in flower buds after one week of development (L2f). Our results suggest that winter nighttime supplemental light can interact with endogenous hormone signaling in pitaya, particularly CK, to regulate flower bud formation. These results contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism of phytohormone interactions during the induction of flowering in pitaya under supplemental light in winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (M.W.); (J.L.); (T.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.)
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jiaxue Li
- Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (M.W.); (J.L.); (T.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.)
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tao Li
- Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (M.W.); (J.L.); (T.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.)
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shaoling Kang
- Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (M.W.); (J.L.); (T.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.)
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Senrong Jiang
- Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (M.W.); (J.L.); (T.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.)
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jiaquan Huang
- Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (M.W.); (J.L.); (T.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.)
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China; (M.W.); (J.L.); (T.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.)
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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Tong J, Zhao W, Wang K, Deng D, Xiao L. Organ-level distribution tandem mass spectrometry analysis of three structural types of brassinosteroids in rapeseed. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1308781. [PMID: 38516662 PMCID: PMC10956354 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1308781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of naturally occurring steroidal phytohormones mediating a wide range of pivotal developmental and physiological functions throughout the plant's life cycle. Therefore, it is of great significance to determine the content and the distribution of BRs in plants.Regretfully, although a large number of quantitative methods for BRs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) have been reported, the in planta distribution of BRs is still unclear because of their lower contents in plant tissues and the lack of effective ionizable groups in their chemical structures. Methods We stablished a novel analytical method of BRs based on C18 cartridge solid-phase extraction (SPE) purification, 4-(dimethylamino)-phenylboronic acid (DMAPBA) derivatization, and online valve-switching system coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electro spray ionization-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS). This method has been used to quantify three structural types of BRs (epibrassinolide, epicastasterone, and 6-deoxo-24-epicastaster one) in different organs of Brassica napus L. (rapeseed). Results We obtained the contents of three structural types of BRs in various organ tissues of rapeseed. The contents of three BRs in rapeseed flowers were the highest, followed by tender pods. The levels of three BRs all decreased during the maturation of the organs. We outlined the spatial distribution maps of three BRs in rapeseed based on these results, so as to understand the spatial distribution of BRs at the visual level. Conclusions Our results provided useful information for the precise in situ localization of BRs in plants and the metabolomic research of BRs in future work. The in planta spatial distribution of BRs at the visual level has been studied for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Tong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Laboratory of Yuelu Mountain, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenkui Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Keming Wang
- Assets and Laboratory Management Department, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Danyi Deng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Laboratory of Yuelu Mountain, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Langtao Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Laboratory of Yuelu Mountain, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Li J, Sun H, Wang Y, Fan D, Zhu Q, Zhang J, Zhong K, Yang H, Chang W, Cao S. Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of the BES1 Family Genes under Abiotic Stresses in Phoebe bournei. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3072. [PMID: 38474317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The BRI1 EMS suppressor 1(BES1) transcription factor is a crucial regulator in the signaling pathway of Brassinosteroid (BR) and plays an important role in plant growth and response to abiotic stress. Although the identification and functional validation of BES1 genes have been extensively explored in various plant species, the understanding of their role in woody plants-particularly the endangered species Phoebe bournei (Hemsl.) Yang-remains limited. In this study, we identified nine members of the BES1 gene family in the genome of P. bournei; these nine members were unevenly distributed across four chromosomes. In our further evolutionary analysis of PbBES1, we discovered that PbBES1 can be divided into three subfamilies (Class I, Class II, and Class IV) based on the evolutionary tree constructed with Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, and Solanum lycopersicum. Each subfamily contains 2-5 PbBES1 genes. There were nine pairs of homologous BES1 genes in the synteny analysis of PbBES1 and AtBES1. Three segmental replication events and one pair of tandem duplication events were present among the PbBES1 family members. Additionally, we conducted promoter cis-acting element analysis and discovered that PbBES1 contains binding sites for plant growth and development, cell cycle regulation, and response to abiotic stress. PbBES1.2 is highly expressed in root bark, stem bark, root xylem, and stem xylem. PbBES1.3 was expressed in five tissues. Moreover, we examined the expression profiles of five representative PbBES1 genes under heat and drought stress. These experiments preliminarily verified their responsiveness and functional roles in mediating responses to abiotic stress. This study provides important clues to elucidate the functional characteristics of the BES1 gene family, and at the same time provides new insights and valuable information for the regulation of resistance in P. bournei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingshu Li
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Honggang Sun
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry of Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Dunjin Fan
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qin Zhu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jiangyonghao Zhang
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Laboratory of Virtual Teaching and Research on Forest Therapy Specialty of Taiwan Strait, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Kai Zhong
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hao Yang
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Weiyin Chang
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Laboratory of Virtual Teaching and Research on Forest Therapy Specialty of Taiwan Strait, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shijiang Cao
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Song X, Wang H, Wang Y, Zeng Q, Zheng X. Metabolomics combined with physiology and transcriptomics reveal how Nicotiana tabacum leaves respond to cold stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108464. [PMID: 38442629 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Low temperature-induced cold stress is a major threat to plant growth, development and distribution. Unraveling the responses of temperature-sensitive crops to cold stress and the mechanisms of cold acclimation are critical for food demand. In this study, combined physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses were conducted on Nicotiana tabacum suffering short-term 4 °C cold stress. Our results showed that cold stress destroyed cellular membrane stability, decreased the chlorophyll (Chl) and carotenoid contents, and closed stomata, resulting in lipid peroxidation and photosynthesis restriction. Chl fluorescence measurements revealed that primary photochemistry, photoelectrochemical quenching and photosynthetic electron transport in Nicotiana tabacum leaves were seriously suppressed upon exposer to cold stress. Enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, reduced glutathione, proline, and soluble sugar, were all profoundly increased to trigger the cold acclimation defense against oxidative damage. A total of 178 metabolites and 16,204 genes were differentially expressed in cold-stressed Nicotiana tabacum leaves. MEturquoise and MEblue modules identified by WGCNA were highly correlated with physiological indices, and the corresponding hub genes were significantly enriched in pathways related to photosynthesis - antenna proteins and flavonoid biosynthesis. Untargeted metabolomic analysis identified specific metabolites, including sucrose, phenylalanine, glutamine, glutamate, and proline, that enhance plant cold acclimation. Combined transcriptomics and metabolomic analysis highlight the vital roles of carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism in enhancing the cold tolerance of Nicotiana tabacum. Our comprehensive investigation provides novel insights for efforts to alleviate low temperature-induced oxidative damage to Nicotiana tabacum plants and proposes a breeding target for cold stress-tolerant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiliang Song
- College of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, De'zhou, 253023, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Henan Tobacco Company, Luoyang Branch, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Henan Tobacco Company, Luoyang Branch, Luoyang, 471000, China
| | - Qiangcheng Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Dezhou University, De'zhou, 253023, China.
| | - Xuebo Zheng
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences China, Qingdao, 266101, China.
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Zhang X, Huang T, Liang Y, Hussain S, Peng R, Wang T, Deng H, Wang J, Lv X, Liang D, Xia H. Melatonin and 14-hydroxyed brassinosteroid combined promote kiwifruit seedling growth by improving soil microbial distribution, enzyme activity and nutrients uptake. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1336116. [PMID: 38390297 PMCID: PMC10881855 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1336116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Kiwifruit, a nutrient-dense fruit, has become increasingly popular with consumers in recent decades. However, kiwifruit trees are prone to stunted growth after a few years of planting, called early tree decline. In this study, melatonin (MT), pollen polysaccharide (SF), 14-hydroxyed brassinosteroid (14-HBR) were applied alone or in combination to investigate their influence on plant growth, nutrition absorption and rhizosphere bacterial abundance in kiwifruit seedlings. The results revealed that MT, SF and 14-HBR alone treatments significantly increased leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic capacity and activities of dismutase and catalase compared with the control. Among them, MT treatment significantly increased the dry root biomass by 35.7%, while MT+14-HBR treatment significant enhanced the dry shoot biomass by 36.9%. Furthermore, both MT and MT+14-HBR treatments markedly improved the activities of invertase, urease, protease and phosphatase in soil, as well as the abundance of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria in rhizosphere microorganisms based on 16S rDNA sequencing. In addition, MT treatment improved the content of available K and organic matter in soil, and increased the uptake of P, K and Fe by seedlings. In summary, 14-HBR and MT combined had the best effect on promoting rhizosphere bacterial distribution, nutrient absorption and plant growth. These findings may provide valuable guidance for solving growth weakness problem in kiwifruit cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Huang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Liang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shafiq Hussain
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Peng
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Honghong Deng
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiulan Lv
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Liang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Xia
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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10
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Nie W, Gong B, Geng B, Wen D, Qiao P, Guo H, Shi Q. The Effects of Exogenous 2,4-Epibrassinolide on the Germination of Cucumber Seeds under NaHCO 3 Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:394. [PMID: 38337927 PMCID: PMC10856843 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
This investigation focused on the suppressive impact of varying NaHCO3 concentrations on cucumber seed germination and the ameliorative effects of 2,4-Epibrassinolide (EBR). The findings revealed a negative correlation between NaHCO3 concentration and cucumber seed germination, with increased NaHCO3 concentrations leading to a notable decline in germination. Crucially, the application of exogenous EBR significantly counteracted this inhibition, effectively enhancing germination rates and seed vigor. Exogenous EBR was observed to substantially elevate the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD), thereby mitigating oxidative damage triggered under NaHCO3 stress conditions. Additionally, EBR improved enzyme activity under alkaline stress conditions and reduced starch content in the seeds. Pertinently, EBR upregulated genes that were associated with gibberellin (GA) synthesis (GA20ox and GA3ox), and downregulated genes that were linked to abscisic acid (ABA) synthesis (NCED1 and NCED2). This led to an elevation in GA3 concentration and a reduction in ABA concentration within the cucumber seeds. Therefore, this study elucidates that alleviating oxidative stress, promoting starch catabolism, and regulating the GA and ABA balance are key mechanisms through which exogenous EBR mitigates the suppression of cucumber seed germination resulting from alkaline stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Nie
- Yantai Engineering Research Center for Plant Stem Cell Targeted Breeding, Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Yantai 264001, China; (W.N.)
| | - Biao Gong
- Stage Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Bing Geng
- Yantai Engineering Research Center for Plant Stem Cell Targeted Breeding, Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Yantai 264001, China; (W.N.)
| | - Dan Wen
- Yantai Engineering Research Center for Plant Stem Cell Targeted Breeding, Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Yantai 264001, China; (W.N.)
| | - Peng Qiao
- Yantai Engineering Research Center for Plant Stem Cell Targeted Breeding, Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Yantai 264001, China; (W.N.)
| | - Hongen Guo
- Yantai Engineering Research Center for Plant Stem Cell Targeted Breeding, Shandong Institute of Sericulture, Yantai 264001, China; (W.N.)
| | - Qinghua Shi
- Stage Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China
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Qiao Z, Li J, Zhang X, Guo H, He C, Zong D. Genome-Wide Identification, Expression Analysis, and Subcellular Localization of DET2 Gene Family in Populus yunnanensis. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:148. [PMID: 38397138 PMCID: PMC10888042 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Brassinosteroids (BRs) are important hormones involved in almost all stages of plant growth and development, and sterol dehydrogenase is a key enzyme involved in BRs biosynthesis. However, the sterol dehydrogenase gene family of Populus yunnanensis Dode (P. yunnanensis) has not been studied. (2) Methods: The PyDET2 (DEETIOLATED2) gene family was identified and analyzed. Three genes were screened based on RNA-seq of the stem tips, and the PyDET2e was further investigated via qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction) and subcellular localization. (3) Results: The 14 DET2 family genes in P. yunnanensis were categorized into four groups, and 10 conserved protein motifs were identified. The gene structure, chromosome distribution, collinearity, and codon preference of all PyDET2 genes in the P. yunnanensis genome were analyzed. The codon preference of this family is towards the A/U ending, which is strongly influenced by natural selection. The PyDET2e gene was expressed at a higher level in September than in July, and it was significantly expressed in stems, stem tips, and leaves. The PyDET2e protein was localized in chloroplasts. (4) Conclusions: The PyDET2e plays an important role in the rapid growth period of P. yunnanensis. This systematic analysis provides a basis for the genome-wide identification of genes related to the brassinolide biosynthesis process in P. yunnanensis, and lays a foundation for the study of the rapid growth mechanism of P. yunnanensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhensheng Qiao
- College of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (H.G.); (C.H.)
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in University of YunnanProvince, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
| | - Jiaqi Li
- College of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (H.G.); (C.H.)
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in University of YunnanProvince, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in University of YunnanProvince, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
- College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Haiyang Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (H.G.); (C.H.)
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in University of YunnanProvince, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
| | - Chengzhong He
- College of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (H.G.); (C.H.)
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in University of YunnanProvince, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Dan Zong
- College of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Z.Q.); (J.L.); (H.G.); (C.H.)
- Key Laboratory for Forest Genetic and Tree Improvement and Propagation in University of YunnanProvince, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, State Forestry Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
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12
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Cheng HY, Wang W, Wang W, Yang MY, Zhou YY. Interkingdom Hormonal Regulations between Plants and Animals Provide New Insight into Food Safety. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4-26. [PMID: 38156955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Food safety has become an attractive topic among consumers. Raw material production for food is also a focus of social attention. As hormones are widely used in agriculture and human disease control, consumers' concerns about the safety of hormone agents have never disappeared. The present review focuses on the interkingdom regulations of exogenous animal hormones in plants and phytohormones in animals, including physiology and stress resistance. We summarize these interactions to give the public, researchers, and policymakers some guidance and suggestions. Accumulated evidence demonstrates comprehensive hormonal regulation across plants and animals. Animal hormones, interacting with phytohormones, help regulate plant development and enhance environmental resistance. Correspondingly, phytohormones may also cause damage to the reproductive and urinary systems of animals. Notably, the disease-resistant role of phytohormones is revealed against neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes. These resistances derive from the control for abnormal cell cycle, energy balance, and activity of enzymes. Further exploration of these cross-kingdom mechanisms would surely be of greater benefit to human health and agriculture development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Yuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xi Lu, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Human Development Family Studies, Iowa State University, 2330 Palmer Building, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xi Lu, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mu-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xi Lu, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu-Yi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xi Lu, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
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13
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Khan TA, Kappachery S, Karumannil S, AlHosani M, Almansoori N, Almansoori H, Yusuf M, Tran LSP, Gururani MA. Brassinosteroid Signaling Pathways: Insights into Plant Responses under Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17246. [PMID: 38139074 PMCID: PMC10743706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
With the growing global population, abiotic factors have emerged as a formidable threat to agricultural food production. If left unaddressed, these stress factors might reduce food yields by up to 25% by 2050. Plants utilize natural mechanisms, such as reactive oxygen species scavenging, to mitigate the adverse impacts of abiotic stressors. Diverse plants exhibit unique adaptations to abiotic stresses, which are regulated by phytohormones at various levels. Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a crucial role in controlling essential physiological processes in plants, including seed germination, xylem differentiation, and reproduction. The BR cascade serves as the mechanism through which plants respond to environmental stimuli, including drought and extreme temperatures. Despite two decades of research, the complex signaling of BRs under different stress conditions is still being elucidated. Manipulating BR signaling, biosynthesis, or perception holds promise for enhancing crop resilience. This review explores the role of BRs in signaling cascades and summarizes their substantial contribution to plants' ability to withstand abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer Alam Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (T.A.K.); (S.K.); (S.K.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (H.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Sajeesh Kappachery
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (T.A.K.); (S.K.); (S.K.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (H.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Sameera Karumannil
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (T.A.K.); (S.K.); (S.K.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (H.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Mohamed AlHosani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (T.A.K.); (S.K.); (S.K.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (H.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Nemah Almansoori
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (T.A.K.); (S.K.); (S.K.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (H.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Hamda Almansoori
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (T.A.K.); (S.K.); (S.K.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (H.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Mohammad Yusuf
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (T.A.K.); (S.K.); (S.K.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (H.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Mayank Anand Gururani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (T.A.K.); (S.K.); (S.K.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (H.A.); (M.Y.)
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14
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Meng D, Li S, Feng X, Di Q, Zhou M, Yu X, He C, Yan Y, Wang J, Sun M, Li Y. CsBPC2 is essential for cucumber survival under cold stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:566. [PMID: 37968586 PMCID: PMC10652477 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04577-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Cold stress affects the growth and development of cucumbers. Whether the BPC2 transcription factor participates in cold tolerance and its regulatory mechanism in plants have not been reported. Here, we used wild-type (WT) cucumber seedlings and two mutant Csbpc2 lines as materials. The underlying mechanisms were studied by determining the phenotype, physiological and biochemical indicators, and transcriptome after cold stress. The results showed that CsBPC2 knockout reduced cucumber cold tolerance by increasing the chilling injury index, relative electrical conductivity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content and decreasing antioxidant enzyme activity. We then conducted RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to explore transcript-level changes in Csbpc2 mutants. A large number of differentially expressed genes (1032) were identified and found to be unique in Csbpc2 mutants. However, only 489 down-regulated genes related to the synthesis and transport of amino acids and vitamins were found to be enriched through GO analysis. Moreover, both RNA-seq and qPT-PCR techniques revealed that CsBPC2 knockout also decreased the expression of some key cold-responsive genes, such as CsICE1, CsCOR413IM2, CsBZR1 and CsBZR2. These results strongly suggested that CsBPC2 knockout not only affected cold function genes but also decreased the levels of some key metabolites under cold stress. In conclusion, this study reveals for the first time that CsBPC2 is essential for cold tolerance in cucumber and provides a reference for research on the biological function of BPC2 in other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shuzhen Li
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, College of Life Science, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xiaojie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qinghua Di
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mengdi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xianchang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chaoxing He
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mintao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yansu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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15
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Hernández-Carranza P, Avila-Sosa R, Vera-López O, Navarro-Cruz AR, Ruíz-Espinosa H, Ruiz-López II, Ochoa-Velasco CE. Uncovering the Role of Hormones in Enhancing Antioxidant Defense Systems in Stressed Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum) Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3648. [PMID: 37896111 PMCID: PMC10610232 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Tomato is one of the most important fruits worldwide. It is widely consumed due to its sensory and nutritional attributes. However, like many other industrial crops, it is affected by biotic and abiotic stress factors, reducing its metabolic and physiological processes. Tomato plants possess different mechanisms of stress responses in which hormones have a pivotal role. They are responsible for a complex signaling network, where the antioxidant system (enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants) is crucial for avoiding the excessive damage caused by stress factors. In this sense, it seems that hormones such as ethylene, auxins, brassinosteroids, and salicylic, jasmonic, abscisic, and gibberellic acids, play important roles in increasing antioxidant system and reducing oxidative damage caused by different stressors. Although several studies have been conducted on the stress factors, hormones, and primary metabolites of tomato plants, the effect of endogenous and/or exogenous hormones on the secondary metabolism is still poorly studied, which is paramount for tomato growing management and secondary metabolites production. Thus, this review offers an updated overview of both endogenous biosynthesis and exogenous hormone application in the antioxidant system of tomato plants as a response to biotic and abiotic stress factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Hernández-Carranza
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur. Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla C.P. 72570, Mexico; (P.H.-C.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Raúl Avila-Sosa
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur. Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla C.P. 72570, Mexico; (P.H.-C.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Obdulia Vera-López
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur. Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla C.P. 72570, Mexico; (P.H.-C.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Addí R. Navarro-Cruz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur. Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla C.P. 72570, Mexico; (P.H.-C.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Héctor Ruíz-Espinosa
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur. Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla C.P. 72570, Mexico; (H.R.-E.); (I.I.R.-L.)
| | - Irving I. Ruiz-López
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur. Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla C.P. 72570, Mexico; (H.R.-E.); (I.I.R.-L.)
| | - Carlos E. Ochoa-Velasco
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y 18 Sur. Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla C.P. 72570, Mexico; (P.H.-C.); (R.A.-S.)
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16
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Nazir F, Jahan B, Kumari S, Iqbal N, Albaqami M, Sofo A, Khan MIR. Brassinosteroid modulates ethylene synthesis and antioxidant metabolism to protect rice (Oryza sativa) against heat stress-induced inhibition of source‒sink capacity and photosynthetic and growth attributes. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 289:154096. [PMID: 37776751 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
This study presents an exploration of the efficacy of brassinosteroids (BRs) and ethylene in mediating heat stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa). Heat is one of the major abiotic factors that prominently deteriorates rice production by influencing photosynthetic efficiency, source‒sink capacity, and growth traits. The application of BR (0.5 mM) and ethylene (200 μl l-1) either individually and/or in combination was found to alleviate heat stress-induced toxicity by significantly improving photosynthesis, source‒sink capacity and defense systems; additionally, it reduced the levels of oxidative stress markers and ethylene formation. The study revealed the positive influence of BR in promoting plant growth responses under heat stress through its interplay with ethylene biosynthesis and enhanced plant defense systems. Interestingly, treatment with the ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) substantiated that BR application to heat-stressed rice plants enhanced ethylene-dependent pathways to counteract the underlying adversities. Thus, BR action was found to be mediated by ethylene to promote heat tolerance in rice. The present study sheds light on the potential tolerance mechanisms which can ensure rice sustainability under heat stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faroza Nazir
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Badar Jahan
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India
| | - Sarika Kumari
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Noushina Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Mohammed Albaqami
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adriano Sofo
- Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures: Architecture, Environment, Cultural Heritage (DiCEM), University of Basilicata, Via Lanera 20, 75100, Matera, MT, Italy
| | - M Iqbal R Khan
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India.
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Wang D, Zuo J, Liu S, Wang W, Lu Q, Hao X, Fang Z, Liang T, Sun Y, Guo C, Zhao C, Tang Y. BRI1 EMS SUPPRESSOR1 genes regulate abiotic stress and anther development in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1219856. [PMID: 37621887 PMCID: PMC10446898 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1219856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BRI1 EMS SUPPRESSOR1 (BES1) family members are crucial downstream regulators that positively mediate brassinosteroid signaling, playing vital roles in the regulation of plant stress responses and anther development in Arabidopsis. Importantly, the expression profiles of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) BES1 genes have not been analyzed comprehensively and systematically in response to abiotic stress or during anther development. In this study, we identified 23 BES1-like genes in common wheat, which were unevenly distributed on 17 out of 21 wheat chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis clustered the BES1 genes into four major clades; moreover, TaBES1-3A2, TaBES1-3B2 and TaBES1-3D2 belonged to the same clade as Arabidopsis BES1/BZR1 HOMOLOG3 (BEH3) and BEH4, which participate in anther development. The expression levels of 23 wheat BES1 genes were assessed using real-time quantitative PCR under various abiotic stress conditions (drought, salt, heat, and cold), and we found that most TaBES1-like genes were downregulated under abiotic stress, particularly during drought stress. We therefore used drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive wheat cultivars to explore TaBES1 expression patterns under drought stress. TaBES1-3B2 and TaBES1-3D2 expression was high in drought-tolerant cultivars but substantially repressed in drought-sensitive cultivars, while TaBES1-6D presented an opposite pattern. Among genes preferentially expressed in anthers, TaBES1-3B2 and TaBES1-3D2 expression was substantially downregulated in thermosensitive genic male-sterile wheat lines compared to common wheat cultivar under sterile conditions, while we detected no obvious differences under fertile conditions. This result suggests that TaBES1-3B2 and TaBES1-3D2 might not only play roles in regulating drought tolerance, but also participate in low temperature-induced male sterility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhou Wang
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghong Zuo
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Agriculture College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiaocong Hao
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaofeng Fang
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Liang
- Agriculture College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Agriculture College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Chunman Guo
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Changping Zhao
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Beijing, China
| | - Yimiao Tang
- Institute of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
- The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Beijing, China
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18
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Parrey ZA, Shah SH, Mohammad F, Siddiqui MH, Alamri S, Kalaji HM. Exogenous epibrassinolide application improves essential oil biosynthesis and trichome development in peppermint via modulating growth and physicochemical processes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12924. [PMID: 37558811 PMCID: PMC10412686 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40210-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Peppermint has gained a promising status due to the presence of a high proportion of bioactive compounds, especially menthol. Due to its pharmacological efficacy, the demand for its plant-based bioactive compounds necessitates its cultivation worldwide. Brassinosteroids are polyhydroxylated sterol derivatives that regulate diverse processes and control many agronomic traits during plant growth and development. A factorial randomised pot experiment was performed in the net house to investigate the effect of 24-Epibrassinolide (EBL) on the growth, physiology, essential oil content, stomatal behaviour and trichome development of the three cultivars of peppermint. Four levels of foliage-applied EBL, viz. 0, 10-5, 10-6 and 10-7 M were applied to the three cultivars of peppermint (Kukrail, Pranjal and Tushar). Among the different treatments of EBL, the application of 10-6 M increased shoot length by 38.84, 37.59 and 36.91%, root length by 36.73, 29.44 and 33.47%, chlorophyll content by 24.20, 22.48 and 23.32%, PN by 32.88, 32.61 and 33.61%, EO content by 32.72, 30.00 and 28.84%, EO yield per plant by 66.66, 77.77 and 73.33% and menthol yield per plant by 127.27, 110 and 118.18% in Kukrail, Tushar and Pranjal respectively, compared with their respective control plants. Further, the 10-6 M EBL exhibited improved trichome size and density, cellular viability and menthol content of the oil analysed from scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy and GC-MS respectively as compared to the control. In conclusion, out of different levels of EBL, two sprays of 10-6 M EBL proved effective in enhancing the morphophysiological features and productivity of mint plants, particularly for cultivar Kukrail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair Ahmad Parrey
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Sajad Hussain Shah
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Firoz Mohammad
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw, University of Life Sciences SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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Zhao Z, Wu S, Gao H, Tang W, Wu X, Zhang B. The BR signaling pathway regulates primary root development and drought stress response by suppressing the expression of PLT1 and PLT2 in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1187605. [PMID: 37441172 PMCID: PMC10333506 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1187605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Introduction With the warming global climate, drought stress has become an important abiotic stress factor limiting plant growth and crop yield. As the most rapidly drought-sensing organs of plants, roots undergo a series of changes to enhance their ability to absorb water, but the molecular mechanism is unclear. Results and methods In this study, we found that PLT1 and PLT2, two important transcription factors of root development in Arabidopsis thaliana, are involved in the plant response to drought and are inhibited by BR signaling. PLT1- and PLT2-overexpressing plants showed greater drought tolerance than wild-type plants. Furthermore, we found that BZR1 could bind to the promoter of PLT1 and inhibit its transcriptional activity in vitro and in vivo. PLT1 and PLT2 were regulated by BR signaling in root development and PLT2 could partially rescue the drought sensitivity of bes1-D. In addition, RNA-seq data analysis showed that BR-regulated root genes and PLT1/2 target genes were also regulated by drought; for example, CIPK3, RCI2A, PCaP1, PIP1;5, ERF61 were downregulated by drought and PLT1/2 but upregulated by BR treatment; AAP4, WRKY60, and AT5G19970 were downregulated by PLT1/2 but upregulated by drought and BR treatment; and RGL2 was upregulated by drought and PLT1/2 but downregulated by BR treatment. Discussion Our findings not only reveal the mechanism by which BR signaling coordinates root growth and drought tolerance by suppressing the expression of PLT1 and PLT2 but also elucidates the relationship between drought and root development. The current study thus provides an important theoretical basis for the improvement of crop yield under drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuting Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Han Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenqiang Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuedan Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Baowen Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology; Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
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20
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Clemente-Suárez VJ, Martín-Rodríguez A, Redondo-Flórez L, López-Mora C, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Tornero-Aguilera JF. New Insights and Potential Therapeutic Interventions in Metabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10672. [PMID: 37445852 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine homeostasis and metabolic diseases have been the subject of extensive research in recent years. The development of new techniques and insights has led to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying these conditions and opened up new avenues for diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we discussed the rise of metabolic diseases, especially in Western countries, the genetical, psychological, and behavioral basis of metabolic diseases, the role of nutrition and physical activity in the development of metabolic diseases, the role of single-cell transcriptomics, gut microbiota, epigenetics, advanced imaging techniques, and cell-based therapies in metabolic diseases. Finally, practical applications derived from this information are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
| | | | - Laura Redondo-Flórez
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street s/n, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odon, Spain
| | - Clara López-Mora
- Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas y de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Valencia, Pg. de l'Albereda, 7, 46010 València, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile
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21
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Ahmed S, Mudassar S, Sardar R, Yasin NA. 28-Homo-Brassinolide Confers Cadmium Tolerance in Vigna radiate L. Through Modulating Minerals Uptake, Antioxidant System and Gas Exchange Attributes. JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00344-023-11027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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22
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Sheikhi S, Ebrahimi A, Heidari P, Amerian MR, Rashidi-Monfared S, Alipour H. Exogenous 24-epibrassinolide ameliorates tolerance to high-temperature by adjusting the biosynthesis of pigments, enzymatic, non-enzymatic antioxidants, and diosgenin content in fenugreek. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6661. [PMID: 37095206 PMCID: PMC10125993 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33913-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
High-temperature stress is widely considered a main plant-growth-limiting factor. The positive effects of 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) as analogs of brassinosteroids (BRs) in modulating abiotic stresses have led this hormone to be referred to as a growth regulator in plants. The current study highlights the influence of EBR on enhancing tolerance to high-temperature and altering the diosgenin content in fenugreek. Different amounts of EBR (4, 8, and 16 μM), harvesting times (6, and 24 h), as well as temperature regimes (23 °C, and 42 °C) were, used as treatments. EBR application under normal temperature and high-temperature stress resulted in decreased malondialdehyde content and electrolyte leakage percentage, while the activity of antioxidant enzymes improved significantly. Exogenous EBR application possibly contributes to activating the nitric oxide, H2O2, and ABA-dependent pathways, enhancing the biosynthesis of abscisic acid and auxin, and regulating the signal transduction pathways, which raises fenugreek tolerance to high-temperature. The SQS (eightfold), SEP (2.8-fold), CAS (11-fold), SMT (17-fold), and SQS (sixfold) expression, considerably increased following EBR application (8 μM) compared to the control. Compared to the control, when the short-term (6 h) high-temperature stress was accompanied by EBR (8 μM), a sixfold increase in diosgenin content was achieved. Our findings highlight the potential role of exogenous 24-epibrassinolide in mitigating the high-temperature stress in fenugreek by stimulating the biosynthesis processes of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, chlorophylls, and diosgenin. In conclusion, the current results could be of utmost importance in breeding or biotechnology-based programs of fenugreek and also in the researches related to the engineering of the biosynthesis pathway of diosgenin in this valuable plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahla Sheikhi
- Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Semnan, Iran
| | - Amin Ebrahimi
- Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Parviz Heidari
- Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mohamad Reza Amerian
- Department of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sajad Rashidi-Monfared
- Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadi Alipour
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
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23
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Zhang W, Huang H, Zhou Y, Zhu K, Wu Y, Xu Y, Wang W, Zhang H, Gu J, Xiong F, Wang Z, Liu L, Yang J. Brassinosteroids mediate moderate soil-drying to alleviate spikelet degeneration under high temperature during meiosis of rice. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:1340-1362. [PMID: 36097648 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that brassinosteroids (BRs) mediate moderate soil-drying (MD) to alleviate spikelet degeneration under high temperature (HT) stress during meiosis of rice (Oryza sativa L.). A rice cultivar was pot-grown and subjected to normal temperature (NT) and HT treatments during meiosis, and two irrigation regimes including well-watered (WW) and MD were imposed to the plants simultaneously. The MD effectively alleviated the spikelet degeneration and yield loss under HT stress mainly via improving root activity and canopy and panicle traits including higher photosynthetic capacity, tricarboxylic acid cycle activity, and antioxidant capacity than WW. These parameters were regulated by BRs levels in plants. The decrease in BRs levels at HT was due mainly to the enhanced BRs decomposition, and the MD could rescue the BRs deficiency at HT via enhancing BRs biosynthesis and impeding decomposition. The connection between BRs and HT was verified by using rice BRs-deficient mutants, transgenic rice lines, and chemical regulators. Similar results were obtained in the open-air field experiment. The results suggest that BRs can mediate the MD to alleviate spikelet degeneration under HT stress during meiosis mainly via enhancing root activity, canopy traits, and young panicle traits of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hanghang Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yujiao Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kuanyu Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yunfei Wu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunji Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weilu Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Junfei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Fei Xiong
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianchang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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24
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Jiang G, Wang S, Xie J, Tan P, Han L. Discontinuous low temperature stress and plant growth regulators during the germination period promote roots growth in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 197:107624. [PMID: 36948023 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In high-cold regions, alfalfa is susceptible to cold damage during the seed germination. The effects of discontinuous low temperature stress and plant growth regulators (PGRs) on alfalfa were studied in response to the high day/night temperature differentials in the area. The experiments included seed germination, seedling cold tolerance and plant recovery. Variable temperatures (VT) of 0 °C/15 °C, 5 °C/20 °C and 10 °C/25 °C were set and seeds were soaked with alginate oligosaccharides (AOS), brassinolide (BR) and diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate (DA-6) during the germination period. Parameters such as seed germination and mean germination time (MGT), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity and oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) content of early seedlings, dry matter accumulation and root crown of the restored plants were analysed. The results showed that low variable-temperature (LVT) stress prolonged the MGT but had little inhibitory effect on germination percentage. Early seedlings adapted to LVT stress by regulating their own water and OPC content, PAL activity and other parameters. LVT induced early alfalfa seedlings to increase their underground biomass by shortening root length and increasing root diameter, and those that had accumulated more underground biomass had faster growth rates and higher total biomass when the ambient temperature rose. AOS also promoted an increase in root crown diameter and root dry weight. This research proved that LVT stress and AOS during the germination process can lead to better growth of alfalfa in high cold regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoqian Jiang
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences / Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology / Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050022, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shichao Wang
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences / Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology / Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050022, China
| | - Jin Xie
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences / Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology / Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050022, China
| | - Pan Tan
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences / Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology / Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050022, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lipu Han
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences / Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology / Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050022, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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25
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Zhang G, Liu Y, Xie Q, Tong H, Chu C. Crosstalk between brassinosteroid signaling and variable nutrient environments. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023:10.1007/s11427-022-2319-0. [PMID: 36907968 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2319-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroid (BR) represents a group of steroid hormones that regulate plant growth and development as well as environmental adaptation. The fluctuation of external nutrient elements is a situation that plants frequently face in the natural environment, in which nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are two of the most critical nutrients restraint of the early growth of plants. As the macronutrients, N and P are highly required by plants, but their availability or solubility in the soil is relatively low. Since iron (Fe) and P always modulate each other's content and function in plants mutually antagonistically, the regulatory mechanisms of Fe and P are inextricably linked. Recently, BR has emerged as a critical regulator in nutrient acquisition and phenotypic plasticity in response to the variable nutrient levels in Arabidopsis and rice. Here, we review the current understanding of the crosstalk between BR and the three major nutrients (N, P, and Fe), highlighting how nutrient signaling regulates BR synthesis and signaling to accommodate plant growth and development in Arabidopsis and rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxia Zhang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Key Laboratory for Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency of Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qingjun Xie
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,Key Laboratory for Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency of Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hongning Tong
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Chengcai Chu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Key Laboratory for Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency of Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Song Y, Wang Y, Yu Q, Sun Y, Zhang J, Zhan J, Ren M. Regulatory network of GSK3-like kinases and their role in plant stress response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1123436. [PMID: 36938027 PMCID: PMC10014926 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1123436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) family members are evolutionally conserved Ser/Thr protein kinases in mammals and plants. In plants, the GSK3s function as signaling hubs to integrate the perception and transduction of diverse signals required for plant development. Despite their role in the regulation of plant growth and development, emerging research has shed light on their multilayer function in plant stress responses. Here we review recent advances in the regulatory network of GSK3s and the involvement of GSK3s in plant adaptation to various abiotic and biotic stresses. We also discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying how plants cope with environmental stresses through GSK3s-hormones crosstalk, a pivotal biochemical pathway in plant stress responses. We believe that our overview of the versatile physiological functions of GSK3s and underlined molecular mechanism of GSK3s in plant stress response will not only opens further research on this important topic but also provide opportunities for developing stress-resilient crops through the use of genetic engineering technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Song
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Qianqian Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yueying Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Jianling Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Jiasui Zhan
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maozhi Ren
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
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Anwar A, Zhang S, Wang L, He L, Gao J. BrCYP71A15 Negatively Regulates Hg Stress Tolerance by Modulating Cell Wall Biosynthesis in Yeast. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:723. [PMID: 36840071 PMCID: PMC9966778 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, heavy metal pollution has been a common problem worldwide, greatly threatening crop production. As one of the metal pollutants, Mercury (Hg) causes damage to plant cells and reduces cellular and biochemical activities. In this study, we identified a novel cytochrome P450 family gene, BrCYP71A15, which was involved in Hg stress response in yeast. In Chinese cabbage, the BrCYP71A15 gene was located on chromosome A01, which was highly expressed in roots. Additionally, the expression level of BrCYP71A15 was induced by different heavy metal stresses, and the BrCYP71A15 protein exhibited a strong interaction with other proteins. Overexpression of BrCYP71A15 in yeast cells showed no response to a number of heavy metal stresses (Cu, Al, Co, Cd) in yeast but showed high sensitivity to Hg stress; the cells grew slower than those carrying the empty vector (EV). Moreover, upon Hg stress, the growth of the BrCYP71A15-overexpressing cells increased over time, and Hg accumulation in yeast cells was enhanced by two-fold compared with the control. Additionally, BrCYP71A15 was translocated into the nucleus under Hg stress. The expression level of cell wall biosynthesis genes was significantly influenced by Hg stress in the BrCYP71A15-overexpressing cells. These findings suggested that BrCYP71A15 might participate in HG stress tolerance. Our results provide a fundamental basis for further genome editing research and a novel approach to decrease Hg accumulation in vegetable crops and reduce environmental risks to human health through the food chain.
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Ding M, Wang L, Sun Y, Zhang J, Chen Y, Wang X, Liu L. Transcriptome analysis of brassinolide under low temperature stress in winter wheat. AOB PLANTS 2023; 15:plad005. [PMID: 37025104 PMCID: PMC10071052 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plad005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Low temperatures are the main abiotic factor affecting wheat growth. Brassinolide is a novel plant hormone that can improve the cold resistance of plants; however, the molecular mechanism of brassinolide in winter wheat at low temperatures remains unclear. In this study, winter wheat Dongnong dongmai 1 was sprayed with 0.01, 0.1, or 1.0 mg·L-1 brassinolide (BR) at the three-leaf stage, and tillering nodes were sampled at different temperatures (5, -10 and -25 °C), and then physiological indexes were determined and the transcriptome was sequenced. The results showed that the optimum concentration of brassinolide for cold resistance is 0.1 mg·L-1. A total of 15 302 (8198 upregulated and 7104 downregulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the B1 vs D1 comparison (B1 represents 5 °C 0.1 mg·L-1 BR treatment, D1 represents 5 °C control); 3386 (1930 upregulated and 1456 downregulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the B2 vs D2 comparison (B2 represents -10 °C 0.1 mg·L-1 BR treatment, D2 represents -10 °C control); and 2684 (2102 upregulated and 582 downregulated) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the B3 vs D3 comparison (B3 represents -25 °C 0.1 mg·L-1 BR treatment, D3 represents -25 °C control). Further studies showed that these DEGs were mainly involved in carbon fixation in photosynthetic organs, photosynthesis and plant-pathogen interactions, all of which were related to stress and energy metabolism. This indicates that brassinolide can produce substances that improve cold resistance in wheat seedlings. This study provides a theoretical basis for further research on the improvement of cold resistance in winter wheat by brassinolide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyun Ding
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, 42 Wenhua street, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, 42 Wenhua street, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuting Sun
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, 42 Wenhua street, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Junbao Zhang
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, 42 Wenhua street, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yushu Chen
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, 42 Wenhua street, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- College of Life Science and Agriculture Forestry, Qiqihar University, 42 Wenhua street, Qiqihar 161006, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lijie Liu
- Corresponding author’s e-mail address:
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Silva S, Dias MC, Pinto DCGA, Silva AMS. Metabolomics as a Tool to Understand Nano-Plant Interactions: The Case Study of Metal-Based Nanoparticles. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:491. [PMID: 36771576 PMCID: PMC9921902 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a powerful tool in diverse research areas, enabling an understanding of the response of organisms, such as plants, to external factors, their resistance and tolerance mechanisms against stressors, the biochemical changes and signals during plant development, and the role of specialized metabolites. Despite its advantages, metabolomics is still underused in areas such as nano-plant interactions. Nanoparticles (NPs) are all around us and have a great potential to improve and revolutionize the agri-food sector and modernize agriculture. They can drive precision and sustainability in agriculture as they can act as fertilizers, improve plant performance, protect or defend, mitigate environmental stresses, and/or remediate soil contaminants. Given their high applicability, an in-depth understanding of NPs' impact on plants and their mechanistic action is crucial. Being aware that, in nano-plant interaction work, metabolomics is much less addressed than physiology, and that it is lacking a comprehensive review focusing on metabolomics, this review gathers the information available concerning the metabolomic tools used in studies focused on NP-plant interactions, highlighting the impact of metal-based NPs on plant metabolome, metabolite reconfiguration, and the reprogramming of metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria Celeste Dias
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diana C. G. A. Pinto
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Nowicka B. Modifications of Phytohormone Metabolism Aimed at Stimulation of Plant Growth, Improving Their Productivity and Tolerance to Abiotic and Biotic Stress Factors. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3430. [PMID: 36559545 PMCID: PMC9781743 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to the growing human population, the increase in crop yield is an important challenge for modern agriculture. As abiotic and biotic stresses cause severe losses in agriculture, it is also crucial to obtain varieties that are more tolerant to these factors. In the past, traditional breeding methods were used to obtain new varieties displaying demanded traits. Nowadays, genetic engineering is another available tool. An important direction of the research on genetically modified plants concerns the modification of phytohormone metabolism. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art research concerning the modulation of phytohormone content aimed at the stimulation of plant growth and the improvement of stress tolerance. It aims to provide a useful basis for developing new strategies for crop yield improvement by genetic engineering of phytohormone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrycze Nowicka
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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Zhang S, Hu X, Dong J, Du M, Song J, Xu S, Zhao C. Identification, evolution, and expression analysis of OsBSK gene family in Oryza sativa Japonica. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:565. [PMID: 36464674 PMCID: PMC9720961 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03905-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As an essential component of the BR (brassinosteroid) signaling pathway, BSK (BR-signalling kinases) plays a vital role in plant growth, development, and stress regulation. There have been sporadic reports on the functions of members of this family in monocotyledonous model plant rice, but few reports have been reported on the phylogenetic analysis and gene expression profiling of the family genes. RESULTS In this study, a total of 6 OsBSK members were identified at the genomic level by bioinformatics methods, distributed on four rice chromosomes. Through the evolution analysis of 74 BSK proteins from 22 species, it was found that BSKs originated from higher plants, were highly conserved, and could be divided into six subgroups. Among them, OsBSKs belonged to four subgroups or two significant groups. OsBSK family gene promoters contained a large number of light, abscisic acid (ABA), and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) response-related elements. At the same time, the qRT-PCR test also showed that the genes of this family were involved in response to a variety of hormones, biotic and abiotic stress treatments, and expression patterns of the family gene can be roughly divided into two categories, which were similar to the tissue expression patterns of genes in different growth stages. OsBSK1-1, OsBSK1-2, and OsBSK3 were mostly up-regulated. OsBSK2, OsBSK4, and OsBSK5 were mostly down-regulated or had little change in expression. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the origin and evolution of the BSK family and the farm-out of BSKs in rice growth, development, and stress response. It provides the theoretical reference for in-depth analysis of BR hormone, signal transduction, and molecular breeding design for resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang China
- Engineering Research Center of Crop Straw Utilization, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang China
| | - Xuewei Hu
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang China
- Engineering Research Center of Crop Straw Utilization, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang China
| | - Jiejing Dong
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang China
- Engineering Research Center of Crop Straw Utilization, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang China
| | - Mengxiang Du
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang China
- Engineering Research Center of Crop Straw Utilization, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang China
| | - Juqi Song
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang China
- Engineering Research Center of Crop Straw Utilization, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang China
| | - Shangyuan Xu
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang China
- Engineering Research Center of Crop Straw Utilization, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang China
| | - Changjiang Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang China
- Engineering Research Center of Crop Straw Utilization, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, 163319 Heilongjiang China
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Faizan M, Cheng SH, Tonny SH, Robab MI. Specific roles of strigolactones in plant physiology and remediation of heavy metals from contaminated soil. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 192:186-195. [PMID: 36244191 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) have been implicated in various developmental processes of the plant, including the response against several abiotic stresses. It is well known as a class of endogenous phytohormones that regulates shoot branching, secondary growth and root morphology. This hormone facilitates plants in responding to nitrogen and phosphorus starvation by shaping the above and below ground structural design. SLs actively participate within regulatory networks of plant stress adaptation that are governed by phytohormones. Heavy metals (HMs) in soil are considered a serious environmental problem that causes various harmful effects on plants. SLs along with other plant hormones imply the role in plant architecture is far from being fully understood. Strategy to remove/remediation of HMs from the soil with the help of SLs has not been defined yet. Therefore, the present review aims to comprehensively provide an overview of SLs role in fine-tuning plant architectures, relation with other plant hormones under abiotic stress, and remediation of HMs contaminated soil using SLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Faizan
- Botany Section, School of Sciences, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad, 500032, India.
| | - Shi Hui Cheng
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Sadia Haque Tonny
- Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agriculture University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Merajul Islam Robab
- Botany Section, School of Sciences, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad, 500032, India
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Physio-Biochemical and Transcriptomic Features of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Relieving Cadmium Stress in Wheat. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122390. [PMID: 36552597 PMCID: PMC9774571 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can improve plant cadmium (Cd) tolerance, but the tolerance mechanism in wheat is not fully understood. This study aimed to examine the physiological properties and transcriptome changes in wheat inoculated with or without Glomus mosseae (GM) under Cd stress (0, 5, and 10 mg·kg-1 CdCl2) to understand its role in wheat Cd tolerance. The results showed that the Cd content in shoots decreased while the Cd accumulation in roots increased under AMF symbiosis compared to the non-inoculation group and that AMF significantly promoted the growth of wheat seedlings and reduced Cd-induced oxidative damage. This alleviative effect of AMF on wheat under Cd stress was mainly attributed to the fact that AMF accelerated the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle, promoted the production of GSH and metallothionein (MTs), improved the degradation of methylglyoxal (MG), and induced GRSP (glomalin-related soil protein) secretion. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of the transcriptomes of the symbiotic group and the non-symbiotic group revealed multiple differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the 'metal ion transport', 'glutathione metabolism', 'cysteine and methionine metabolism', and 'plant hormone signal transduction' terms. The expression changes of these DEGs were basically consistent with the changes in physio-biochemical characteristics. Overall, AMF alleviated Cd stress in wheat mainly by promoting immobilization and sequestration of Cd, reducing ROS production and accelerating their scavenging, in which the rapid metabolism of GSH may play an important role.
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Hajiboland R, Panda CK, Lastochkina O, Gavassi MA, Habermann G, Pereira JF. Aluminum Toxicity in Plants: Present and Future. JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00344-022-10866-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
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Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants: Brassinosteroids Navigate Competently. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314577. [PMID: 36498906 PMCID: PMC9737064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassinosteroid hormones (BRs) multitask to smoothly regulate a broad spectrum of vital physiological processes in plants, such as cell division, cell expansion, differentiation, seed germination, xylem differentiation, reproductive development and light responses (photomorphogenesis and skotomorphogenesis). Their importance is inferred when visible abnormalities arise in plant phenotypes due to suboptimal or supraoptimal hormone levels. This group of steroidal hormones are major growth regulators, having pleiotropic effects and conferring abiotic stress resistance to plants. Numerous abiotic stresses are the cause of significant loss in agricultural yield globally. However, plants are well equipped with efficient stress combat machinery. Scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a unique mechanism to combat the deleterious effects of abiotic stresses. In light of numerous reports in the past two decades, the complex BR signaling under different stress conditions (drought, salinity, extreme temperatures and heavy metals/metalloids) that drastically hinders the normal metabolism of plants is gradually being untangled and revealed. Thus, crop improvement has substantial potential by tailoring either the brassinosteroid signaling, biosynthesis pathway or perception. This review aims to explore and dissect the actual mission of BRs in signaling cascades and summarize their positive role with respect to abiotic stress tolerance.
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The use of ecological analytical tools as an unconventional approach for untargeted metabolomics data analysis: the case of Cecropia obtusifolia and its adaptive responses to nitrate starvation. Funct Integr Genomics 2022; 22:1467-1493. [PMID: 36199002 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-022-00904-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Plant metabolomics studies haves revealed new bioactive compounds. However, like other omics disciplines, the generated data are not fully exploited, mainly because the commonly performed analyses focus on elucidating the presence/absence of distinctive metabolites (and/or their precursors) and not on providing a holistic view of metabolomic changes and their participation in organismal adaptation to biotic and abiotic stress conditions. Therefore, spectral libraries generated from Cecropia obtusifolia cell suspension cultures in a previous study were considered as a case study and were reanalyzed herein. These libraries were obtained from a time-course experiment under nitrate starvation conditions using both electrospray ionization modes. The applied methodology included the use of ecological analytical tools in a systematic four-step process, including a population analysis of metabolite α diversity, richness, and evenness (i); a chemometrics analysis to identify discriminant groups (ii); differential metabolic marker identification (iii); and enrichment analyses and annotation of active metabolic pathways enriched by differential metabolites (iv). Our species α diversity results referring to the diversity of metabolites represented by mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) values detected at a specific retention time (rt) (an uncommon way to analyze untargeted metabolomic data) suggest that the metabolome is dynamic and is modulated by abiotic stress. A total of 147 and 371 m/z_rt pairs was identified as differential markers responsive to nitrate starvation in ESI- and ESI+ modes, respectively. Subsequent enrichment analysis showed a high degree of completeness of biosynthetic pathways such as those of brassinosteroids, flavonoids, and phenylpropanoids.
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Zhang Q, Liang M, Song R, Song Z, Song H, Qiao X. Brassinosteroids enhance resistance to manganese toxicity in Malus robusta Rehd. via modulating polyamines profile. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 277:153808. [PMID: 36088781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) toxicity in soil is a widely observed phenomenon, which seriously restricts growth, quality, and yield of various crops and fruits including apples. However, mechanisms underlying the regulation of polyamines (PAs) by brassinosteroids (BRs) to improve tolerance to Mn stress are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of 2,4-epibrassinolide (EBL; a BR) on the expression of genes involved in BR signaling pathway, Mn accumulation, PAs-mediated responses (PA precursor levels, metabolic enzymes, and genes), and growth parameters in Mn-stressed Malus robusta Rehd. EBL application significantly modulated the expressions of genes related to BR signaling (MdBRI, MdBSK, etc.) and reduced Mn accumulation, along with improving the rate of increase in root length and plant height, relative water content, chlorophyll content, maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), and actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPSII) and decreasing electrical conductivity. Furthermore, EBL application significantly reduced putrescine (Put) accumulation and increased spermine (Spm) content and (Spd + Spm)/Put ratio. EBL weakened ornithine (Orn) pathway, decreased ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity, and increased biosynthesis of Spm from Put via elevating the PA oxidase (PAO) activity and expression of MdSPDS, MdSPMS, and MdPAO. The trends for free, PS-conjugated, and PIS-bound PAs were similar to that of total PAs, except that no significant change was observed in free Spm, PS-conjugated Spd, and Spm, as well as PIS-bound Spd. This study revealed that BR-regulated PAs help in mitigating Mn toxicity and clarified the mechanisms of regulation of PAs by BRs in apple trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China; The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China
| | - Meixia Liang
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China; The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China
| | - Ruoxuan Song
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China; The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China
| | - Zhizhong Song
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China
| | - Hao Song
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China
| | - Xuqiang Qiao
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China; The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China.
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Soares F, Pimentel D, Erban A, Neves C, Reis P, Pereira M, Rego C, Gama-Carvalho M, Kopka J, Fortes AM. Virulence-related metabolism is activated in Botrytis cinerea mostly in the interaction with tolerant green grapes that remain largely unaffected in contrast with susceptible green grapes. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac217. [PMID: 36479580 PMCID: PMC9720446 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea is responsible for the gray mold disease, severely affecting Vitis vinifera grapevine and hundreds of other economically important crops. However, many mechanisms of this fruit-pathogen interaction remain unknown. The combined analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome of green fruits infected with B. cinerea from susceptible and tolerant genotypes was never performed in any fleshy fruit, mostly because green fruits are widely accepted to be resistant to this fungus. In this work, peppercorn-sized fruits were infected in the field or mock-treated, and berries were collected at green (EL32) stage from a susceptible (Trincadeira) and a tolerant (Syrah) variety. RNAseq and GC-MS data suggested that Syrah exhibited a pre-activated/basal defense relying on specific signaling pathways, hormonal regulation, namely jasmonate and ethylene metabolisms, and linked to phenylpropanoid metabolism. In addition, putative defensive metabolites such as shikimic, ursolic/ oleanolic, and trans-4-hydroxy cinnamic acids, and epigallocatechin were more abundant in Syrah than Trincadeira before infection. On the other hand, Trincadeira underwent relevant metabolic reprogramming upon infection but was unable to contain disease progression. RNA-seq analysis of the fungus in planta revealed an opposite scenario with higher gene expression activity within B. cinerea during infection of the tolerant cultivar and less activity in infected Trincadeira berries. The results suggested an activated virulence state during interaction with the tolerant cultivar without visible disease symptoms. Together, this study brings novel insights related to early infection strategies of B. cinerea and the green berry defense against necrotrophic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio Soares
- BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Diana Pimentel
- BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Alexander Erban
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Catarina Neves
- BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Reis
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marcelo Pereira
- BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cecilia Rego
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food-Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Margarida Gama-Carvalho
- BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joachim Kopka
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Chinese Cabbage S1fa Transcription Factors and Their Roles in Response to Salt Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091782. [PMID: 36139856 PMCID: PMC9495863 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The S1fa transcription factor is part of a small family involved in plant growth and development and abiotic stress tolerance. However, the roles of the S1fa genes in abiotic stress tolerance in Chinese cabbage are still unclear. In this study, four S1fa genes in the Chinese cabbage genome were identified and characterized for abiotic stress tolerance. Tissue-specific expression analysis suggested that three of these four S1fa genes were expressed in all tissues of Chinese cabbage, while Bra006994 was only expressed in the silique. Under Hg and Cd stresses, the S1fa genes were significantly expressed but were downregulated under NaCl stresses. The Bra034084 and Bra029784 overexpressing yeast cells exhibited high sensitivity to NaCl stresses, which led to slower growth compared with the wild type yeast cells (EV) under 1 M NaCl stress. In addition, the growth curve of the Bra034084 and Bra029784 overexpressing cells shows that the optical density was reduced significantly under salt stresses. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes, SOD, POD and CAT, were decreased, and the MDA, H2O2 and O2− contents were increased under salt stresses. The expression levels of cell wall biosynthesis genes Ccw14p, Cha1p, Cwp2p, Sed1p, Rlm1p, Rom2p, Mkk1p, Hsp12p, Mkk2p, Sdp1p and YLR194c were significantly enhanced, while Bck1p, and Ptc1p were downregulated under salt stresses. These results suggest that the Bra034084 and Bra029784 genes regulate cell wall biosynthesis and the defense regulatory system under salt stresses. These findings provide a fundamental basis for the further investigation of crop genetic modification to improve crop production and abiotic stress tolerance in Chinese cabbage.
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Sun Z, Guo D, Lv Z, Bian C, Ma C, Liu X, Tian Y, Wang C, Zheng X. Brassinolide alleviates Fe deficiency-induced stress by regulating the Fe absorption mechanism in Malus hupehensis Rehd. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:1863-1874. [PMID: 35781542 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02897-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous brassinolide promotes Fe absorption through mechanism I strategy, thus improving the tolerance of Malus hupehensis seedlings to Fe deficiency stress. Iron (Fe) deficiency is a common nutritional disorder that results in decreased yield and poor fruit quality in apple production. As a highly active synthetic analog of brassinosteroids, brassinolide (BL) plays numerous roles in plant responses to abiotic stresses. However, its role in Fe deficiency stress in apple plants has never been reported. Herein, we found that the exogenous application of 0.2 mg L-1 BL could significantly enhance the tolerance of apple seedlings to Fe deficiency stress and result in a low etiolation rate and a high photosynthetic rate. The functional mechanisms of this effect were also explored. We found that first, exogenous BL could improve Fe absorption through the mechanism I strategy. BL induced the activity of H+-ATPase and the expression of MhAHA family genes, resulting in rhizosphere acidification. Moreover, BL could enhance the activity of Fe chelate reductase and absorb Fe through direct binding with the E-box of the MhIRT1 or MhFRO2 promoter via the transcription factors MhBZR1 and MhBZR2. Second, exogenous BL alleviated osmotic stress by increasing the contents of osmolytes (proline, solution proteins, and solution sugar) and scavenged reactive oxygen species by improving the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Lastly, exogenous BL could cooperate with other endogenous plant hormones, such as indole-3-acetic acid, isopentenyl adenosine, and gibberellic acid 4, that respond to Fe deficiency stress indirectly. This work provided a theoretical basis for the application of exogenous BL to alleviate Fe deficiency stress in apple plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Sun
- College of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Dianming Guo
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zhichao Lv
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Chuanjie Bian
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Changqing Ma
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yike Tian
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao, 266109, China.
- Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Basit F, Bhat JA, Hu J, Kaushik P, Ahmad A, Guan Y, Ahmad P. Brassinosteroid Supplementation Alleviates Chromium Toxicity in Soybean (Glycine max L.) via Reducing Its Translocation. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172292. [PMID: 36079674 PMCID: PMC9460071 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) phytotoxicity severely inhibits plant growth and development which makes it a prerequisite to developing techniques that prevent Cr accumulation in food chains. However, little is explored related to the protective role of brassinosteroids (BRs) against Cr-induced stress in soybean plants. Herein, the morpho-physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of soybean cultivars with/without foliar application of BRs under Cr toxicity were intensely investigated. Our outcomes deliberated that BRs application noticeably reduced Cr-induced phytotoxicity by lowering Cr uptake (37.7/43.63%), accumulation (63.92/81.73%), and translocation (26.23/38.14%) in XD-18/HD-19, plant tissues, respectively; besides, improved seed germination ratio, photosynthetic attributes, plant growth, and biomass, as well as prevented nutrient uptake inhibition under Cr stress, especially in HD-19 cultivar. Furthermore, BRs stimulated antioxidative defense systems, both enzymatic and non-enzymatic, the compartmentalization of ion chelation, diminished extra production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and electrolyte leakage in response to Cr-induced toxicity, specifically in HD-19. In addition, BRs improved Cr stress tolerance in soybean seedlings by regulating the expression of stress-related genes involved in Cr accumulation, and translocation. Inclusively, by considering the above-mentioned biomarkers, foliar spray of BRs might be considered an effective inhibitor of Cr-induced damages in soybean cultivars, even in Cr polluted soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farwa Basit
- The Advanced Seed Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Javaid Akhter Bhat
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jin Hu
- The Advanced Seed Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Prashant Kaushik
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yajing Guan
- The Advanced Seed Institute, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (P.A.)
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC Pulwama, Srinagar 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (P.A.)
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Sousa DJP, Nogueira GAS, Teixeira KBS, Monteiro GGTN, Brito AEA, Nascimento VR, Albuquerque GDP, Oliveira TJM, Souza LC, Freitas JMN, Oliveira Neto CF, Okumura RS. Mitigation of the effects of salt stress in cowpea bean through the exogenous aplication of brassinosteroid. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e260818. [PMID: 35857948 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.260818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is a legume widely cultivated by small, medium and large producers in several Brazilian regions. However, one of the concerns for the production of cowpea in Brazil in recent years is the low rainfall activity in these regions, which generates the accumulation of salts on the surface. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of salt stress on growth parameters and enzyme activity in cowpea plants at different concentrations of brassinosteroids. Experiment was developed in a greenhouse using a completely randomized experimental design in a 3 x 3 factorial scheme. The treatments consisted of three levels of brassinosteroids (0, 3 and 6 µM EBL) and three levels of salt stress (0, 50 and 100 mM NaCl). Growth factors (height, diameter and number of leaves) decreased in the saline condition. With the presence of brassinosteroid the height did not increase, but the number of leaves did, mainly in the saline dosage of 100 mM NaCl. In the variable membrane integrity, brassinosteroid was efficient in both salinity dosages, the same not happening with the relative water content, where the saline condition did not affect the amount of water in the vegetable, with the application of brassino it remained high, decreasing only at dosage 100 mM NaCl. The nitrate reductase enzyme was greatly affected in the root system even with the application of increasing doses of brassino. Therefore, brassinosteroids as a promoter of saline tolerance in cowpea seedlings was positive. The concentration of 3µM of EBL provided the most satisfactory effect in tolerating the deleterious effects of the saline condition. The same cannot be concluded for the concentration of 6µM of EBL that did not promote tolerance to some variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J P Sousa
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Grupo de Estudos da Biodiversidade em Plantas Superiores, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - G A S Nogueira
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Grupo de Estudos da Biodiversidade em Plantas Superiores, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - K B S Teixeira
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Grupo de Estudos da Biodiversidade em Plantas Superiores, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - G G T N Monteiro
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Grupo de Estudos da Biodiversidade em Plantas Superiores, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - A E A Brito
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Grupo de Estudos da Biodiversidade em Plantas Superiores, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - V R Nascimento
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Grupo de Estudos da Biodiversidade em Plantas Superiores, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - G D P Albuquerque
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Grupo de Estudos da Biodiversidade em Plantas Superiores, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - T J M Oliveira
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Grupo de Estudos da Biodiversidade em Plantas Superiores, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - L C Souza
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Grupo de Estudos da Biodiversidade em Plantas Superiores, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - J M N Freitas
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Grupo de Estudos da Biodiversidade em Plantas Superiores, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - C F Oliveira Neto
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Grupo de Estudos da Biodiversidade em Plantas Superiores, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - R S Okumura
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal, Grupo de Estudos da Biodiversidade em Plantas Superiores, Parauapebas, PA, Brasil
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Younas A, Yousaf Z, Riaz N, Rashid M, Aftab A, Fiaz S, Shamsheer B, Huang S. Effect of Qiangdi 863 Nanosynergids Treated Water, Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium Fertilizers on Rice Growth Physiology and Grain Quality. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:916949. [PMID: 35909737 PMCID: PMC9334000 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.916949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is an emerging technique that helps in solving the biotic and abiotic agricultural issues leading to enhance crop productivity. Therefore, it was hypothesized to check the effect of Qiangdi 863 nano synergids biological-assisted growth apparatus and nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium (NPK) fertilizers improving rice germination, early growth, physiology, and yield. An experiment was performed on five rice varieties for three consecutive years (2017-2019). The nanosynergids-treated water (NTW) significantly improved the speed of germination (25.3, 35.6, and 32.3%), final emergence percentage (100%) and seed emergence energy percentage (80, 95, and 90%), radical (1.25, 1.7, and 2.35 cm) and plumule growth (1.29, 1.24, and 1.66 cm), soil plant analysis development (46, 45, and 47), antioxidant enzymatic activities, such as catalase activity (34,376 μg-1FW h-1, 33,264 μg-1FW h-1, and 34,453 μg-1F W h-1), superoxide dismutase (18,456 μg-1F W h-1, 19,445 μg-1F W h-1, and 19,954 μg-1F W h-1), peroxide (745 Ug-1F W, 734 Ug-1F W, and 752 Ug-1F W), production and declined malondialdehyde (4.5 μmolg-1F W, 5.1 μmolg-1F W, and 4.2 μmolg-1F W) for all years respectively in KSK 133. The application of nano-treated irrigated water enriched the biomass of rice seedlings. The overall nano synergid treatments successfully enhanced the endogenous hormones as salicylic acid (6,016.27 p mol/L, 5823.22 p mol/L, and 5922.12 p mol/L), jasmonates (JA) (5,175.6 p mol/L, 4231 p mol/L, and 5014.21 p mol/L) brassinosteroids (BR) (618.2 p mol/L, 546.83 p mol/L, and 582.1 p mol/L) quantification and yield 1000 grain weight (22.3, 22, and 23.2 g) of KSK 133. Hence, the overall results proved that NTW could effectively enhance the early growth and yield of rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afifa Younas
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zubaida Yousaf
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Riaz
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Madiha Rashid
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
- Division of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arusa Aftab
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Fiaz
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Shamsheer
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shiwen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
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Zhao H, Liu H, Jin J, Ma X, Li K. Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis on Diploid and Polyploid Populus ussuriensis Kom. under Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147529. [PMID: 35886879 PMCID: PMC9319462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Populus ussuriensis Kom. is a valuable forest regeneration tree species in the eastern mountainous region of Northeast China. It is known that diploid P. ussuriensis (CK) performed barely satisfactorily under salt stress, but the salt stress tolerance of polyploid (i.e., triploid (T12) and tetraploid (F20)) P. ussuriensis is still unknown. In order to compare the salt stress tolerance and salt stress response mechanism between diploid and polyploid P. ussuriensis, phenotypic observation, biological and biochemistry index detections, and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) were performed on CK, T12, and F20. Phenotypic observation and leaf salt injury index analysis indicated CK suffered more severe salt injury than T12 and F20. SOD and POD activity detections indicated the salt stress response capacity of T12 was stronger than that of CK and F20. MDA content, proline content and relative electric conductivity detections indicated CK suffered the most severe cell-membrane damage, and T12 exhibited the strongest osmoprotective capacity under salt stress. Transcriptome analysis indicated the DEGs of CK, T12, and F20 under salt stress were different in category and change trend, and there were abundant WRKY, NAM, MYB and AP2/ERF genes among the DEGs in CK, T12, and F20 under salt stress. GO term enrichment indicated the basic growth progresses of CK, and F20 was obviously influenced, while T12 immediately launched more salt stress response processes in 36 h after salt stress. KEGG enrichment indicated the DEGs of CK mainly involved in plant−pathogen interaction, ribosome biogenesis in eukaryotes, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, degradation of aromatic compounds, plant hormone signal transduction, photosynthesis, and carbon metabolism pathways. The DEGs of T12 were mainly involved in plant−pathogen interaction, cysteine and methionine metabolism, phagosomes, biosynthesis of amino acids, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and starch and sucrose metabolism pathways. The DEGs of F20 were mainly involved in plant hormone signal transduction, plant−pathogen interaction, zeatin biosynthesis, and glutathione metabolism pathways. In conclusion, triploid exhibited stronger salt stress tolerance than tetraploid and diploid P. ussuriensis (i.e., T12 > F20 > CK). The differences between the DEGs of CK, T12, and F20 probably are the key clues for discovering the salt stress response signal transduction network in P. Ussuriensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Z.); (H.L.); (J.J.); (X.M.)
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Huanzhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Z.); (H.L.); (J.J.); (X.M.)
| | - Jiaojiao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Z.); (H.L.); (J.J.); (X.M.)
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Z.); (H.L.); (J.J.); (X.M.)
| | - Kailong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (H.Z.); (H.L.); (J.J.); (X.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Ali MM, Anwar R, Malik AU, Khan AS, Ahmad S, Hussain Z, Hasan MU, Nasir M, Chen F. Plant Growth and Fruit Quality Response of Strawberry is Improved After Exogenous Application of 24-Epibrassinolide. JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION 2022. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s00344-021-10422-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
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46
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Helaly MN, El-Hoseiny HM, Elsheery NI, Kalaji HM, de los Santos-Villalobos S, Wróbel J, Hassan IF, Gaballah MS, Abdelrhman LA, Mira AM, Alam-Eldein SM. 5-Aminolevulinic Acid and 24-Epibrassinolide Improve the Drought Stress Resilience and Productivity of Banana Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:743. [PMID: 35336624 PMCID: PMC8949027 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth, development, and productivity are adversely affected under drought conditions. Previous findings indicated that 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) play an important role in the plant response to adverse environmental conditions. This study demonstrated the role of ALA and EBL on oxidative stress and photosynthetic capacity of drought-stressed 'Williams' banana grown under the Egyptian semi-arid conditions. Exogenous application of either ALA or EBL at concentrations of 15, 30, and 45 mg·L-1 significantly restored plant photosynthetic activity and increased productivity under reduced irrigation; this was equivalent to 75% of the plant's total water requirements. Both compounds significantly reduced drought-induced oxidative damages by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase 'SOD', catalase 'CAT', and peroxidase 'POD') and preserving chloroplast structure. Lipid peroxidation, electrolyte loss and free non-radical H2O2 formation in the chloroplast were noticeably reduced compared to the control, but chlorophyll content and photosynthetic oxygen evolution were increased. Nutrient uptake, auxin and cytokinin levels were also improved with the reduced abscisic acid levels. The results indicated that ALA and EBL could reduce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and maintain the stability of the chloroplast membrane structure under drought stress. This study suggests that the use of ALA or EBL at 30 mg·L-1 can promote the growth, productivity and fruit quality of drought-stressed banana plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed N. Helaly
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Hanan M. El-Hoseiny
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Desert and Environmental Agriculture, Matrouh University, Fouka 51511, Egypt;
| | - Nabil I. Elsheery
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; or
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, National Research Institute, Falenty, Al.Hrabska 3, 05-090 Pruszków, Poland
| | | | - Jacek Wróbel
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Islam F. Hassan
- Water Relations and Field Irrigation Department, Agricultural and Biological Research Institute, National Research Center, Giza 12622, Egypt; (I.F.H.); (M.S.G.)
| | - Maybelle S. Gaballah
- Water Relations and Field Irrigation Department, Agricultural and Biological Research Institute, National Research Center, Giza 12622, Egypt; (I.F.H.); (M.S.G.)
| | - Lamyaa A. Abdelrhman
- Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute (SWERI), Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Amany M. Mira
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Shamel M. Alam-Eldein
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
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Tiwari M, Kumar R, Min D, Jagadish SVK. Genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying root architecture and function under heat stress-A hidden story. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:771-788. [PMID: 35043409 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress events are resulting in a significant negative impact on global food production. The dynamics of cellular, molecular and physiological homoeostasis in aboveground parts under heat stress are extensively deciphered. However, root responses to higher soil/air temperature or stress signalling from shoot to root are limited. Therefore, this review presents a holistic view of root physio-morphological and molecular responses to adapt under hotter environments. Heat stress reprogrammes root cellular machinery, including crosstalk between genes, phytohormones, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. Spatio-temporal regulation and long-distance transport of phytohormones, such as auxin, cytokinin and abscisic acid (ABA) determine the root growth and development under heat stress. ABA cardinally integrates a signalling pathway involving heat shock factors, heat shock proteins and ROS to govern heat stress responses. Additionally, epigenetic modifications by transposable elements, DNA methylation and acetylation also regulate root growth under heat stress. Exogenous application of chemical compounds or biological agents such as ascorbic acid, metal ion chelators, fungi and bacteria can alleviate heat stress-induced reduction in root biomass. Future research should focus on the systemic effect of heat stress from shoot to root with more detailed investigations to decipher the molecular cues underlying the roots architecture and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Tiwari
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Ritesh Kumar
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - Doohong Min
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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Mekureyaw MF, Pandey C, Hennessy RC, Nicolaisen MH, Liu F, Nybroe O, Roitsch T. The cytokinin-producing plant beneficial bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens G20-18 primes tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) for enhanced drought stress responses. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 270:153629. [PMID: 35151004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are known for exerting beneficial effects on plant growth and tolerance to plant pathogens. However, their specific role in mediating protection against abiotic stress remains underexplored. The aim of this study was to characterise the ability of the cytokinin-producing beneficial bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens G20-18 to enhance tomato growth and boost tolerance to drought stress. Tomato seedlings were root inoculated and their growth and physiological and molecular responses assessed under well-watered conditions and also in response to progressive drought stress and a subsequent recovery period. Root inoculation with G20-18 had a significant positive impact on tomato growth. Furthermore, G20-18 inoculated and drought-stressed plants showed higher leaf chlorophyll and abscisic acid (ABA) content and stomatal closure than non-inoculated controls. Root inoculation also increased the activity of different carbohydrate metabolism enzymes, which are important for root and leaf growth and development in drought stressed plants. A significant increase in the activity of different antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant capacity correlated with elevated levels of relevant secondary metabolites, such as phenolics, anthocyanins and flavonoids. RNA sequencing revealed distinct qualitative and quantitative differences in gene regulation in response to G20-18. Notably, the number of genes differentially regulated in response to G20-18 was approximately sevenfold higher during drought stress, indicating that root inoculation with the bacteria primed the plants for a much stronger transcriptionally regulated systemic drought stress response. The regulated genes are related to phenylalanine metabolism and other key processes linked to plant growth, development and drought stress resilience. A role of the ability of G20-18 to produce the plant hormone cytokinin for interaction with tomato was established by the cytokinin-deficient biosynthesis mutants CNT1 and CNT2. In comparison with G20-18, the inoculation of plants with CNT1 resulted in a reduced number of differentially regulated genes. The relative change was most prominent under well-watered conditions with a 85 % reduction, corresponding to 462 genes. However, under drought conditions the absolute number of differentially regulated genes was reduced by even 2219 in response to the CNT1 mutant. The relevance of the ability of G20-18 to produce cytokinins for interaction with plants was also evident from differences in growth and specific cell and ecophysiological parameters in response to CNT1 and CNT2. These findings provide novel insights about G20-18's ability to improve drought stress responses and the role of interkingdom signalling by bacterial-derived cytokinins, and contribute to enhance the robustness of the practical application of these microorganisms to improve crop resilience in agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengistu F Mekureyaw
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Crop Science, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology, Denmark
| | - Chandana Pandey
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Crop Science, Denmark
| | - Rosanna C Hennessy
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology, Denmark
| | - Mette H Nicolaisen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology, Denmark
| | - Fulai Liu
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Crop Science, Denmark
| | - Ole Nybroe
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Microbial Ecology and Biotechnology, Denmark
| | - Thomas Roitsch
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section of Crop Science, Denmark; Department of Adaptive Biotechnologies, Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Pinto-Poblete A, Retamal-Salgado J, López MD, Zapata N, Sierra-Almeida A, Schoebitz M. Combined Effect of Microplastics and Cd Alters the Enzymatic Activity of Soil and the Productivity of Strawberry Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11040536. [PMID: 35214870 PMCID: PMC8878574 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The synergistic effect between heavy metals and microplastics can affect soil properties as well as plant performance and yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the combined effect of microplastics and cadmium on a soil-plant system. Specifically, we proposed to explore changes in soil microbiological activity, the growth and yield parameters of strawberry plants, and to evaluate the accumulation of these pollutants in the soil and root system. Plants were planted in clay pots under greenhouse conditions. The experiment was set up as a completely randomized design, with four treatments (Control; MPs; Cd; and Cd + MPs) and five replicates. The results showed that MPs and/or Cd affected plant growth, plant biomass, the number of fruits, root characteristics, dehydrogenase activity, acid phosphatase, and microbial biomass, and increased the accumulation of Cd in the roots and soil. The increased bioavailability of Cd, due to the presence of microplastics, could explain the observed negative effects on soil properties and the performance of strawberry plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Pinto-Poblete
- Faculty of Agronomy, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.P.-P.); (M.D.L.); (N.Z.)
- Faculty of Engineering and Business, Universidad Adventista de Chile, Km 12 Camino a Tanilvoro, Chillán 3780000, Chile
| | - Jorge Retamal-Salgado
- Faculty of Engineering and Business, Universidad Adventista de Chile, Km 12 Camino a Tanilvoro, Chillán 3780000, Chile
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA-Quilamapu, Avenida Vicente Méndez 515, Chillán 3800062, Chile
- Correspondence: (J.R.-S.); (M.S.); Tel.: +56-9-95179625 (M.S.)
| | - María Dolores López
- Faculty of Agronomy, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.P.-P.); (M.D.L.); (N.Z.)
| | - Nelson Zapata
- Faculty of Agronomy, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.P.-P.); (M.D.L.); (N.Z.)
| | - Angela Sierra-Almeida
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural and Oceanographic Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario s/n, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
| | - Mauricio Schoebitz
- Faculty of Agronomy, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (A.P.-P.); (M.D.L.); (N.Z.)
- Correspondence: (J.R.-S.); (M.S.); Tel.: +56-9-95179625 (M.S.)
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Sharma A, Ramakrishnan M, Khanna K, Landi M, Prasad R, Bhardwaj R, Zheng B. Brassinosteroids and metalloids: Regulation of plant biology. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127518. [PMID: 34836689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Metalloid contamination in the environment is one of the serious concerns posing threat to our ecosystems. Excess of metalloid concentrations (including antimony, arsenic, boron, selenium etc.) in soil results in their over accumulation in plant tissues, which ultimately causes phytotoxicity and their bio-magnification. So, it is very important to find some ecofriendly approaches to counter negative impacts of above mentioned metalloids on plant system. Brassinosteroids (BRs) belong to family of plant steroidal hormones, and are considered as one of the ecofriendly way to counter metalloid phytotoxicity. This phytohormone regulates the plant biology in presence of metalloids by modulating various key biological processes like cell signaling, primary and secondary metabolism, bio-molecule crosstalk and redox homeostasis. The present review explains the in-depth mechanisms of BR regulated plant responses in presence of metalloids, and provides some biotechnological aspects towards ecofriendly management of metalloid contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Muthusamy Ramakrishnan
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kanika Khanna
- Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environment Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Marco Landi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy; CIRSEC, Centre for Climatic Change Impact, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Horticulture, Kulbhaskar Ashram Post Graduate College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environment Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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