1
|
Li XN, Wu D, Liu Y, Zhang SS, Tian FL, Sun Q, Wei W, Cao X, Jia LH. Prenatal exposure to bisphenols, immune responses in cord blood and infantile eczema: A nested prospective cohort study in China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 228:112987. [PMID: 34781129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that human exposure to bisphenols can increase the risk of allergic disease, such as child asthma. However, the mechanism by which exposure to bisphenols causes allergic disease is unclear. In addition, the effects of exposure to bisphenols during pregnancy on infantile eczema have been poorly studied. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of bisphenols (BPA, BPF and BPS) exposure during pregnancy on immune cells in cord blood, and on the occurrence of infantile eczema. 111 mother-child pairs with urine samples from pregnant women and cord blood were recruited from a birth cohort established in February 2019 in Shenyang, China. The levels of urinary bisphenols and Th1-, Th2-, Treg- and Th17-related genes, and cytokines in cord blood, as well as the incidence of infantile eczema at 6 and 12 months follow up were determined. Our results show that BPA, BPF and BPS were detected in 100%, 63.1% and 46.8% of the urine samples, respectively. The median concentration of urine specific gravity adjusted BPA (SG-BPA) was 7.46 ng/mL. High SG-BPA levels during pregnancy was independently associated with increased risk of infantile eczema (adjusted OR = 2.731, 95%CI: 1.064-7.012, P = 0.037). Higher levels of FOXP3 gene in cord blood had a significantly lower risk of developing eczema in infants (adjusted OR=0.430, 95%CI: 0.190-0.972, P = 0.042). However, BPS and BPF levels were not associated with infantile eczema. FOXP3 gene levels in cord blood mediated the relationship between SG-BPA levels during pregnancy and infantile eczema (indirect effect: β = 0.350 [CI:0.011,1.077]). Our findings indicate that high levels of BPA exposure during pregnancy increase the risk of infantile eczema, which may be associated with down-regulation of FOXP3 gene expression in cord blood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ning Li
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Fu-Lin Tian
- Center for Public Health Safety Risk Assessment, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xia Cao
- Department of obstetrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Li-Hong Jia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, Shenyang 110122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yu HR, Hsu TY, Tsai CC, Huang HC, Cheng HH, Lai YJ, Lin YJ, Chen CC, Li SC, Yang K. The Functional DNA Methylation Signatures Relevant to Altered Immune Response of Neonatal T Cells with l-Arginine Supplementation. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082780. [PMID: 34444938 PMCID: PMC8401784 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
l-Arginine is an important nutrient in the infant diet that significantly regulates the maturation of the immune system in neonates, including the maturation of CD4+ T cells. The biological activities of CD4+ T cells differ substantially between neonates and adults, and these differences may be governed by epigenetic processes. Investigating these differences and the causative processes may help understand neonatal and developmental immunity. In this study, we compared the functional DNA methylation profiles in CD4+ T cells of neonates and adults, focusing on the role of l-arginine supplementation. Umbilical cord blood and adult CD4+ T cells were cultured with/without l-arginine treatment. By comparing DNA methylation in samples without l-arginine treatment, we found that CD4+ T cells of neonatal cord blood generally showed higher DNA methylation than those of adults (average CpG methylation percentage 0.6305 for neonate and 0.6254 for adult, t-test p-value < 0.0001), suggesting gene silencing in neonates. By examining DNA methylation patterns of CpG dinucleotides induced by l-arginine treatment, we found that more CpG dinucleotides were hypomethylated and more genes appeared to be activated in neonatal T-cells as compared with adult. Genes activated by l-arginine stimulation of cord blood samples were more enriched regarding immune-related pathways. CpG dinucleotides at IL-13 promoter regions were hypomethylated after l-arginine stimulation. Hypomethylated CpG dinucleotides corresponded to higher IL-13 gene expression and cytokine production. Thus, DNA methylation partially accounts for the mechanism underlying differential immune function in neonates. Modulatory effects of l-arginine on DNA methylation are gene-specific. Nutritional intervention is a potential strategy to modulate immune function of neonates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (H.-R.Y.); (H.-C.H.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Te-Yao Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (T.-Y.H.); (C.-C.T.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Ching-Chang Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (T.-Y.H.); (C.-C.T.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Hsin-Chun Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (H.-R.Y.); (H.-C.H.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Hsin-Hsin Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (T.-Y.H.); (C.-C.T.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Yun-Ju Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (T.-Y.H.); (C.-C.T.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Yu-Ju Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (T.-Y.H.); (C.-C.T.); (H.-H.C.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Chih-Cheng Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan; (H.-R.Y.); (H.-C.H.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Sung-Chou Li
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833401, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-C.L.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kuender Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104217, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-C.L.); (K.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tsai CK, Cheng HH, Hsu TY, Wang JY, Hung CH, Tsai CC, Lai YJ, Lin YJ, Huang HC, Chan JYH, Tain YL, Chen CC, Tsai TA, Yu HR. Prenatal Exposure to Di-Ethyl Phthalate (DEP) Is Related to Increasing Neonatal IgE Levels and the Altering of the Immune Polarization of Helper-T Cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126364. [PMID: 34208324 PMCID: PMC8296186 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Phthalates are substances that are added to plastic products to increase their plasticity. These substances are released easily into the environment and can act as endocrine disruptors. Epidemiological studies in children have showed inconsistent findings regarding the relationship between prenatal or postnatal exposure to phthalates and the risk of allergic disease. Our hypothesis is that prenatal exposure to phthalates may contribute to the development of allergies in children. Material and methods: The objective of this study was to determine the associations between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in pregnant women, maternal atopic diathesis, maternal lifestyle, and cord blood IgE. Pregnant mothers and paired newborns (n = 101) were enrolled from an antenatal clinic. The epidemiologic data and the clinical information were collected using standard questionnaires and medical records. The maternal blood and urine samples were collected at 24–28 weeks gestation, and cord blood IgE, IL-12p70, IL-4, and IL-10 levels were determined from the newborns at birth. The link between phthalates and maternal IgE was also assessed. To investigate the effects of phthalates on neonatal immunity, cord blood mononuclear cells (MNCs) were used for cytokine induction in another in vitro experiment. Results: We found that maternal urine monoethyl phthalate (MEP) (a metabolite of di-ethyl phthalate (DEP)) concentrations are positively correlated with the cord blood IgE of the corresponding newborns. The cord blood IL-12p70 levels of mothers with higher maternal urine MEP groups (high DEP exposure) were lower than mothers with low DEP exposure. In vitro experiments demonstrated that DEP could enhance IL-4 production of cord blood MNCs rather than adult MNCs. Conclusion: Prenatal DEP exposure is related to neonatal IgE level and alternation of cytokines relevant to Th1/Th2 polarization. This suggests the existence of a link between prenatal exposure to specific plasticizers and the future development of allergies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ku Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (C.-K.T.); (H.-C.H.); (Y.-L.T.); (C.-C.C.); (T.-A.T.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsin Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Centre, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (H.-H.C.); (T.-Y.H.); (C.-C.T.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Te-Yao Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Centre, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (H.-H.C.); (T.-Y.H.); (C.-C.T.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Jiu-Yao Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 704302, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Chang Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Centre, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (H.-H.C.); (T.-Y.H.); (C.-C.T.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Yun-Ju Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Centre, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (H.-H.C.); (T.-Y.H.); (C.-C.T.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Yu-Ju Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Centre, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (H.-H.C.); (T.-Y.H.); (C.-C.T.); (Y.-J.L.); (Y.-J.L.)
| | - Hsin-Chun Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (C.-K.T.); (H.-C.H.); (Y.-L.T.); (C.-C.C.); (T.-A.T.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Julie Y. H. Chan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (C.-K.T.); (H.-C.H.); (Y.-L.T.); (C.-C.C.); (T.-A.T.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (C.-K.T.); (H.-C.H.); (Y.-L.T.); (C.-C.C.); (T.-A.T.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Ti-An Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (C.-K.T.); (H.-C.H.); (Y.-L.T.); (C.-C.C.); (T.-A.T.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan; (C.-K.T.); (H.-C.H.); (Y.-L.T.); (C.-C.C.); (T.-A.T.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-731-7123 (ext. 8713); Fax: +886-7-733-8009
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Roles of microRNA in the immature immune system of neonates. Cancer Lett 2018; 433:99-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
5
|
Yu HR, Tsai CC, Chang LS, Huang HC, Cheng HH, Wang JY, Sheen JM, Kuo HC, Hsieh KS, Huang YH, Yang KD, Hsu TY. l-Arginine-Dependent Epigenetic Regulation of Interleukin-10, but Not Transforming Growth Factor-β, Production by Neonatal Regulatory T Lymphocytes. Front Immunol 2017; 8:487. [PMID: 28487700 PMCID: PMC5403834 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of diseases in humans, including trauma, certain cancers, and infection, are known to be associated with l-arginine deficiency. In addition, l-arginine must be supplemented by diet during pregnancy to aid fetal development. In conditions of l-arginine depletion, T cell proliferation is impaired. We have previously shown that neonatal blood has lower l-arginine levels than adult blood, which is associated with poor neonatal lymphocyte proliferation, and that l-arginine enhances neonatal lymphocyte proliferation through an interleukin (IL)-2-independent pathway. In this study, we have further investigated how exogenous l-arginine enhances neonatal regulatory T-cells (Tregs) function in relation to IL-10 production under epigenetic regulation. Results showed that cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) produced higher levels of IL-10 than adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by phytohemagglutinin stimulation but not by anti-CD3/anti-CD28 stimulation. Addition of exogenous l-arginine had no effect on transforming growth factor-β production by PBMCs or CBMCs, but enhanced IL-10 production by neonatal CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs. Further studies showed that IL-10 promoter DNA hypomethylation, rather than histone modification, corresponded to the l-arginine-induced increase in IL-10 production by neonatal CD4+ T cells. These results suggest that l-arginine modulates neonatal Tregs through the regulation of IL-10 promoter DNA methylation. l-arginine supplementation may correct the Treg function in newborns with l-arginine deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chang Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Sai Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chun Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsin Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jiu-Yao Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research (ACIR) Center, College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Ming Sheen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Chang Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Sheng Hsieh
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsien Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuender D Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Te-Yao Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chou MY, Huang LT, Tain YL, Kuo HC, Tiao MM, Sheen JM, Chen CC, Hung PL, Hsieh KS, Yu HR. Age-Dependent Effects of Prenatal Dexamethasone Exposure on Immune Responses in Male Rats. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2017; 241:225-237. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.241.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yi Chou
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center
| | - Li-Tung Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center
| | - Ho-Chang Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center
| | - Mao-Meng Tiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center
| | - Jiunn-Ming Sheen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center
| | - Chih-Cheng Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center
| | - Pi-Lien Hung
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center
| | - Kai-Sheng Hsieh
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center
| | - Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center
- Graduate Insititute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yu HR, Hsu TY, Huang HC, Kuo HC, Li SC, Yang KD, Hsieh KS. Comparison of the Functional microRNA Expression in Immune Cell Subsets of Neonates and Adults. Front Immunol 2016; 7:615. [PMID: 28066425 PMCID: PMC5165026 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diversity of biological molecules in newborn and adult immune cells contributes to differences in cell function and atopic properties. Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are reported to involve in the regulation of immune system. Therefore, determining the miRNA expression profile of leukocyte subpopulations is important for understanding immune system regulation. In order to explore the unique miRNA profiling that contribute to altered immune in neonates, we comprehensively analyzed the functional miRNA signatures of eight leukocyte subsets (polymorphonuclear cells, monocytes, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, natural killer cells, B cells, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and myeloid dendritic cells) from both neonatal and adult umbilical cord and peripheral blood samples, respectively. We observed distinct miRNA profiles between adult and neonatal blood leukocyte subsets, including unique miRNA signatures for each cell lineage. Leukocyte miRNA signatures were altered after stimulation. Adult peripheral leukocytes had higher let-7b-5p expression levels compared to neonatal cord leukocytes across multiple subsets, irrespective of stimulation. Transfecting neonatal monocytes with a let-7b-5p mimic resulted in a reduction of LPS-induced interleukin (IL)-6 and TNF-α production, while transfection of a let-7b-5p inhibitor into adult monocytes enhanced IL-6 and TNF-α production. With this functional approach, we provide intact differential miRNA expression profiling of specific immune cell subsets between neonates and adults. These studies serve as a basis to further understand the altered immune response observed in neonates and advance the development of therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Te-Yao Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chun Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Ho-Chang Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Sung-Chou Li
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| | - Kuender D Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Sheng Hsieh
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Kaohsiung , Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ge F, Zhang Z, Hou J, Cao F, Zhang Y, Wang P, Wei H, Zhou J. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor decreases the Th1/Th2 ratio in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura in vitro. Thromb Res 2016; 148:76-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
9
|
De Paschale M, Clerici P. Microbiology laboratory and the management of mother-child varicella-zoster virus infection. World J Virol 2016; 5:97-124. [PMID: 27563537 PMCID: PMC4981827 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v5.i3.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Varicella-zoster virus, which is responsible for varicella (chickenpox) and herpes zoster (shingles), is ubiquitous and causes an acute infection among children, especially those aged less than six years. As 90% of adults have had varicella in childhood, it is unusual to encounter an infected pregnant woman but, if the disease does appear, it can lead to complications for both the mother and fetus or newborn. The major maternal complications include pneumonia, which can lead to death if not treated. If the virus passes to the fetus, congenital varicella syndrome, neonatal varicella (particularly serious if maternal rash appears in the days immediately before or after childbirth) or herpes zoster in the early years of life may occur depending on the time of infection. A Microbiology laboratory can help in the diagnosis and management of mother-child infection at four main times: (1) when a pregnant woman has been exposed to varicella or herpes zoster, a prompt search for specific antibodies can determine whether she is susceptible to, or protected against infection; (2) when a pregnant woman develops clinical symptoms consistent with varicella, the diagnosis is usually clinical, but a laboratory can be crucial if the symptoms are doubtful or otherwise unclear (atypical patterns in immunocompromised subjects, patients with post-vaccination varicella, or subjects who have received immunoglobulins), or if there is a need for a differential diagnosis between varicella and other types of dermatoses with vesicle formation; (3) when a prenatal diagnosis of uterine infection is required in order to detect cases of congenital varicella syndrome after the onset of varicella in the mother; and (4) when the baby is born and it is necessary to confirm a diagnosis of varicella (and its complications), make a differential diagnosis between varicella and other diseases with similar symptoms, or confirm a causal relationship between maternal varicella and malformations in a newborn.
Collapse
|
10
|
Yu HR, Li SC, Tseng WN, Tain YL, Chen CC, Sheen JM, Tiao MM, Kuo HC, Huang CC, Hsieh KS, Huang LT. Early and late effects of prenatal corticosteroid treatment on the microRNA profiles of lung tissue in rats. Exp Ther Med 2016; 11:753-762. [PMID: 26997989 PMCID: PMC4774352 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.2992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids have been administered to mothers at risk of premature delivery to induce maturation of preterm fetal lungs and prevent the development of respiratory distress syndrome. Micro (mi)RNAs serve various crucial functions in cell proliferation, differentiation and organ development; however, few studies have demonstrated an association between miRNAs and lung development. The aim of the present study was to investigate alterations in the miRNA profiles of rat lung tissue following prenatal glucocorticoid therapy for fetal lung development. The differences in miRNA expression profiles were compared between postnatal days 7 (D7) and 120 (D120) rat lung tissues, followed by validation using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The miRNA profiles of rat lung tissues following prenatal dexamethasone (DEX) therapy were also investigated. miRNAs with 2-fold changes were selected for further analysis. At D120, 6 upregulated and 6 downregulated miRNAs were detected, compared with D7. Among these differentially expressed miRNAs, miR-101-3p and miR-99b-5p were associated with the lowest and highest expressions of miRNA at D7, respectively. A limited impact on the miRNA profiles of rat lung tissues was observed following prenatal DEX treatment, which may help to further clarify the mechanisms underlying normal lung development. However, the results of the present study cannot entirely elucidate the effects of prenatal DEX treatment on the lung development of premature infants, and further studies investigating the impact of prenatal corticosteroids on fetal lung miRNA profiles are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Sung-Chou Li
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wan-Ning Tseng
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Cheng Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jiunn-Ming Sheen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Mao-Meng Tiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ho-Chang Kuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chao-Cheng Huang
- Department of Pathology and Medical Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kai-Sheng Hsieh
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Li-Tung Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yu HR, Kuo HC, Chen CC, Sheen JM, Tiao MM, Chen YC, Chang KA, Tain YL, Huang LT. Prenatal dexamethasone exposure in rats results in long-term epigenetic histone modifications and tumour necrosis factor-α production decrease. Immunology 2015; 143:651-60. [PMID: 24962734 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid (GC) is often given when preterm delivery is expected. This treatment is successful in stimulating the development of the fetal lung. However, reports and related research regarding the prolonged effects of prenatal GC on the development of immunity are very limited. Some data, derived from infants whose mothers were given immunosuppressants during pregnancy for the treatment of autoimmune disorders, suggest that prenatal exposure to GC may have only a limited effect on the development of the immune system. What is unknown is whether the immune modulation effects of prenatal GC might appear at a later childhood stage and beyond. Here we evaluated the immune programming influenced by prenatal GC. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats received dexamethasone (DEX; 0.1 mg/kg/day) or saline at gestational days 14-20. Male offspring were killed at day 7 or day 120 after birth. Spleens were collected for immune study. Of the inflammation mediators, matrix metalloproteinase-9, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor mRNAs decreased in the prenatal DEX group at an early stage after birth. Upon concanavalin A stimulation, prenatal DEX treatment reduced TNF-α production, but not interferon-γ production, by splenocytes at day 120 after birth compared with the vehicle group. Decreased levels of active chromatin signs (acetylation of histone H3 lysines, H3K4me1/3, and H3K36me3) in TNF-α promoter were compatible with the expressions of TNF-α. Our results suggest that prenatal DEX has a profound and lasting impact on the developing immune system even to the adult stage. Epigenetic histone modifications regulate TNF-α expression following prenatal DEX in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Paediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Centre, Graduate Insititute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yu HR, Kuo HC, Huang LT, Chen CC, Tain YL, Sheen JM, Tiao MM, Huang HC, Yang KD, Ou CY, Hsu TY. L-Arginine modulates neonatal lymphocyte proliferation through an interleukin-2 independent pathway. Immunology 2014; 143:184-92. [PMID: 24697328 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In cases of arginine depletion, lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine production and CD3ζ chain expression are all diminished. In addition to myeloid suppressor cells, polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) also exert T-cell immune suppressive effects through arginase-induced l-arginine depletion, especially during pregnancy. In this study, we investigated how arginase/l-arginine modulates neonatal lymphocyte proliferation. Results showed that the neonatal plasma l-arginine level was lower than in adults (48·1 ± 11·3 versus 86·5 ± 14·6 μm; P = 0·003). Neonatal PMN had a greater abundance of arginase I protein than adult PMN. Both transcriptional regulation and post-transcriptional regulation were responsible for the higher arginase I expression of neonatal PMN. Exogenous l-arginine enhanced neonate lymphocyte proliferation but not that of adult cells. The RNA-binding protein HuR was important but was not the only modulation factor in l-arginine-regulated neonatal T-cell proliferation. l-Arginine-mediated neonatal lymphocyte proliferation could not be blocked by interleukin-2 receptor blocking antibodies. These results suggest that the altered arginase/l-arginine cascade may be one of the mechanisms that contribute to altered neonatal immune responses. Exogenous l-arginine could enhance neonate lymphocyte proliferation through an interleukin-2-independent pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Paediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Centre, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiug, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
McLaughlin KA, Gulati K, Richardson CC, Morgan D, Bodansky HJ, Feltbower RG, Christie MR. HLA-DR4-associated T and B cell responses to specific determinants on the IA-2 autoantigen in type 1 diabetes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 193:4448-56. [PMID: 25225671 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Autoantibodies to IA-2 in type 1 diabetes are associated with HLA-DR4, suggesting influences of HLA-DR4-restricted T cells on IA-2-specific B cell responses. The aim of this study was to investigate possible T-B cell collaboration by determining whether autoantibodies to IA-2 epitopes are associated with T cell responses to IA-2 peptides presented by DR4. T cells secreting the cytokines IFN-γ and IL-10 in response to seven peptides known to elicit T cell responses in type 1 diabetes were quantified by cytokine ELISPOT in HLA-typed patients characterized for Abs to IA-2 epitopes. T cell responses were detected to all peptides tested, but only IL-10 responses to 841-860 and 853-872 peptides were associated with DR4. Phenotyping by RT-PCR of FACS-sorted CD45RO(hi) T cells secreting IL-10 in response to these two peptides indicated that these expressed GATA-3 or T-bet, but not FOXP3, consistent with these being Th2 or Th1 memory T cells rather than of regulatory phenotype. T cell responses to the same two peptides were also associated with specific Abs: those to 841-860 peptide with Abs to juxtamembrane epitopes, which appear early in prediabetes, and those to peptide 853-872 with Abs to an epitope located in the 831-862 central region of the IA-2 tyrosine phosphatase domain. Abs to juxtamembrane and central region constructs were both DR4 associated. This study identifies a region of focus for B and T cell responses to IA-2 in HLA-DR4 diabetic patients that may explain HLA associations of IA-2 autoantibodies, and this region may provide a target for future immune intervention to prevent disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry A McLaughlin
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom; and
| | - Kavita Gulati
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom; and
| | - Carolyn C Richardson
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom; and
| | - Diana Morgan
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - H Jonathan Bodansky
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Richard G Feltbower
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Michael R Christie
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom; and
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li J, Wang Z, Hu S, Zhao X, Cao L. Correction of abnormal T cell subsets by high-dose dexamethasone in patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Immunol Lett 2013; 154:42-8. [PMID: 23994430 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune disorder. Both impaired platelet production and T cell-mediated effects play a role in ITP thrombocytopenia. A Th1 polarization of the immune response, up-regulation of Th17 cells and decreased number of Treg cells have been demonstrated in ITP patients. High-dose dexamethasone was administered as first-line therapy in adult patients with ITP. However, the mechanism of effects of dexamethasone on ITP is still unclear. In this study, we tested the effectiveness of high-dose dexamethasone as initial treatment in adults with immune thrombocytopenic purpura. PBMCs were isolated from Donors, ITP and Treatment groups. T cell subsets were analyzed by FCM and transcriptional factors were checked by Real-time PCR. We found that dexamethasone returned the ratio of Th1/Th2 and the number of Th17 and Treg cells to the normal levels. Furthermore, we identified that dexamethasone corrected the T cell subset levels through inhibiting GATA3 and FOXp3 expression and promoting RORγt expression. Taken together, we reported a previously unrecognized mechanism on dexamethasone in the ITP treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianqin Li
- Department of Hematology, Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wu SA, Yeh KW, Lee WI, Yao TC, Kuo ML, Huang B, Huang JL. Impaired phagocytosis and susceptibility to infection in pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2013; 22:279-88. [PMID: 23369850 DOI: 10.1177/0961203312474704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Impaired function of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) leads to severe gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial infection, and to major morbidity and mortality. Few studies have focused on the association of impaired function of PMNs and SLE patients' susceptibility to infection. This study aimed to analyze function of PMNs in peroxidase production, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis in pediatric-onset SLE with severe infection. METHODS This study compared function of PMNs among pediatric-onset SLE patients with and without histories of severe infection and in normal control subjects. Human peripheral blood PMNs were isolated from patients and controls. Function of PMNs was measured by analyzing peroxidase, chemotaxis, and phagocytic activities. Different disease activity and severity, and drug use in newly diagnosed SLE patients were also compared. RESULTS In total, 34 SLE patients (12 patients with severe infection, 22 patients without infection) and 25 healthy controls were analyzed. There were no differences in function of PMNs between SLE patients with or without severe infection. Regardless of infection status, medication, and disease activity, SLE patients had impaired phagocytic ability against Salmonella-specific lipopolysaccharides (LPS) compared with normal controls (p < 0.01). The use of immunosuppressants did not influence phagocytic ability against Salmonella-derived LPS. CONCLUSIONS Immunosuppressant agents do not influence phagocytic ability against Salmonella in SLE subjects. Impaired phagocytosis against Salmonella is prominent in pediatric-onset SLE subjects, which may result in the high prevalence of Salmonella infection. There is no deficiency of peroxidase production and chemotaxis activity among SLE subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S-A Wu
- Division of Allergy Asthma and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Huang HW, Tang JL, Han XH, Peng YP, Qiu YH. Lymphocyte-derived catecholamines induce a shift of Th1/Th2 balance toward Th2 polarization. Neuroimmunomodulation 2013; 20:1-8. [PMID: 23095308 DOI: 10.1159/000343099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Our previous work has shown that lymphocytes synthesize and secrete catecholamines (CAs), which regulate lymphocyte proliferation and apoptosis. In the present study, we explored the effect of the lymphocyte-derived CAs on differentiation and function of T helper (Th) cells. METHODS Lymphocytes were separated from the mesenteric lymph nodes of mice and stimulated by concanavalin A (Con A). These cells were treated with alpha-methyl-p- tyrosine (α-MT), an inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) that is a rate-limiting enzyme for synthesis of CAs, and pargyline, an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase that degrades CAs. RESULTS Treatment of Con A-stimulated lymphocytes with α-MT (10(-6) M) reduced CAs both in the cultured lymphocytes and in the culture supernatants. Simultaneously, α-MT upregulated expression of mRNAs and proteins of T-box expressed in T cells (T-bet) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) but downregulated expression of mRNAs and proteins of GATA binding protein 3 (GATA-3) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in Con A-activated lymphocytes. In contrast, pargyline (10(-6) M) increased intracellular and supernatant CA contents in Con A-activated lymphocytes. Meanwhile, the treatment with pargyline downregulated expression of T-bet and IFN-γ but upregulated expression of GATA-3 and IL-4 in these lymphocytes. CONCLUSION CAs synthesized and secreted by lymphocytes regulate differentiation and function of Th cells, with an effect facilitating the shift of Th1/Th2 balance toward Th2 polarization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Wei Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, PR China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen RF, Wang L, Cheng JT, Yang KD. Induction of IFNα or IL-12 depends on differentiation of THP-1 cells in dengue infections without and with antibody enhancement. BMC Infect Dis 2012; 12:340. [PMID: 23216989 PMCID: PMC3575308 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-12-340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Appropriate induction of the early Th1 cytokine IL-12 is a critical defense directed against viral infection. We have previously shown that different viruses elicited either IL-12 or IFNα dependent Th1 reactions. Using dengue-2 virus, we sought to explore how dengue-2 induced IL-12 or IFNα expression by monocytic and its derived dendritic cells. Methods We employed human monocytic cell line, THP-1, to investigate whether differentiation of monocytic cells is involved in the switch between IFNα and IL-12 induction. Flow cytometry, RT-PCR and ELISA were respectively used to determine cell differentiation, IL-12 and IFNα mRNA expression and protein production. Results THP-1, expressing CD123, which is a plasmacytoid dendritic cell marker, but not CD14, CD11b or CD11c revealed IFNα mRNA expression while stimulated by dengue-2. In contrast, PMA-induced THP-1 differentiation toward monocytic cells expressed CD11b+, and CD14+, but not CD123, and revealed exclusively IL-12 expression while stimulated by dengue-2. Further studies showed that CD123+ expressing THP-1 cells elicited higher IFNα expression in dose and time dependent induction after infection, and PMA-induced monocytic differentiation of THP-1 cells revealed IL-12 expression. Antibody-dependent enhancement of DEN-2 infection significantly suppressed the DEN-2 induced IL-12 p40 expression in monocytic differentiated THP-1 cells. Conclusions Clarification and modulation of the early Th1 reaction in different monocytic cells may change or prevent complication from dengue infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Fu Chen
- Department of Medical Research and Development, Show Chwan Health Care System, Changhua, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yao R, Ma YL, Liang W, Li HH, Ma ZJ, Yu X, Liao YH. MicroRNA-155 modulates Treg and Th17 cells differentiation and Th17 cell function by targeting SOCS1. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46082. [PMID: 23091595 PMCID: PMC3473054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-155 is a critical player in both innate and adaptive immune responses. It can influence CD4+ T cell lineage choice. To clarify the role of miR-155 in CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T (Treg)/T helper (Th)17 cell differentiation and function, as well as the mechanism involved, we performed gain-and loss-of-function analysis by transfection pre-miR-155 and anti-miR-155 into purified CD4+ T cells. The results showed that miR-155 positively regulated both Treg and Th17 cell differentiation. It also induced the release of interleukin (IL)-17A by Th17 cells, but not the release of IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 by Treg cells. Furthermore, we found that miR-155 reacted through regulating Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) rather than TGF-β/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (SMAD) signaling pathway in the process of Treg and Th17 cells differentiation. This may because suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS)1, the important negative regulator of JAK/STAT signaling pathway, was the direct target of miR-155 in this process, but SMAD2 and SMAD5 were not. Therefore, we demonstrated that miR-155 enhanced Treg and Th17 cells differentiation and IL-17A production by targeting SOCS1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yao
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yu-Lan Ma
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Liang
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huan-Huan Li
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xian Yu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yu-Hua Liao
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Huang HC, Yu HR, Huang LT, Huang HC, Chen RF, Lin IC, Ou CY, Hsu TY, Yang KD. miRNA-125b regulates TNF-α production in CD14+ neonatal monocytes via post-transcriptional regulation. J Leukoc Biol 2012; 92:171-82. [PMID: 22581933 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1211593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonates, although deficient in cell immunity, frequently reveal sepsis with augmented proinflammatory reactions. Here, we found that neonatal monocytes produced significantly higher TNF-α mRNA and protein than adult monocytes. Assessment of the transcriptional factor found no significant difference of NF-κB p65 level between neonatal and adult monocytes. Addition of Act D to access the half-life of TNF-α mRNA revealed no significant difference of the LPS-induced TNF-α mRNA half-life between them, whereas CHX increased neonatal TNF-α mRNA significantly. This suggests that a post-transcriptional mechanism involves the augmentation of TNF-α production by neonatal monocytes. To examine whether miRNA was involved in the post-transcriptional regulation, differential displays of miRNA array between neonatal and adult MNCs were performed, along with the discovery of hsa-miR-103, hsa-miR-125b, hsa-miR-130a, hsa-miR-454-3p, and hsa-miR-542-3p, which were greater than a twofold decrease or increase after LPS treatment for 4 h. The functional validation identified that miR-125b decreased significantly in association with higher TNF-α expression by neonatal monocytes after LPS stimulation. Transfection of the miR-125b precursor into neonatal monocytes significantly repressed the TNF-α mRNA and protein expression, suggesting that miR-125b negatively regulates TNF-α expression in neonatal monocytes. Modulation of miRNA expression may be used to regulate TNF-α production in newborns with altered proinflammatory reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chun Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sun L, Adams AA, Betancourt A, Stewart JC, Liu C, Horohov DW. The role of proliferation in the regulation of interferon gamma (IFNγ) expression in foals. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2012; 36:534-539. [PMID: 22079897 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2011.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Interferon-gamma (IFNγ) plays an important role against viral and intracellular bacterial infections and its production is deficient in foals. Cellular proliferation provides an opportunity for de novo gene expression, though little is known about its role in regulating IFNγ expression in foals. While stimulation of foal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with concanavalin A (ConA) increased the frequency of IFNγ(+) cells, the overall percentage of IFNγ(+) cells remained below that of adults. By contrast, the proliferative response of foal PBMC was significantly greater than that of the adults. In foals, IFNγ production was predominantly associated with those T cells that underwent proliferation, whereas in adults non-dividing cells also produced IFNγ. While treatment with hydroxyurea inhibited cellular division, it failed to completely block IFNγ production. This residual IFNγ production likely represented memory cells as the proportion of these proliferation-independent IFNγ(+) cells increased with foal age. However, memory cells may not account for all of the IFNγ production as ConA stimulation likely provided additional signals that can control IFNγ expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingshuang Sun
- Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0099, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yu HR, Kuo HC, Huang HC, Kuo HC, Chen TY, Huang LT, Tain YL, Chen CC, Sheen JM, Lin IC, Ou CY, Hsu TY, Jheng YJ, Yang KD. Identification of immunodeficient molecules in neonatal mononuclear cells by proteomic differential displays. Proteomics 2011; 11:3491-500. [PMID: 21751377 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201100123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yu HR, Huang HC, Kuo HC, Sheen JM, Ou CY, Hsu TY, Yang KD. IFN-α production by human mononuclear cells infected with varicella-zoster virus through TLR9-dependent and -independent pathways. Cell Mol Immunol 2011; 8:181-8. [PMID: 21317915 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2010.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the defense mechanisms of the host of an organism is important for infection control. In previous studies, we demonstrated that interferon-α (IFN-α), but not IL-12, was produced by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells infected with varicella-zoster virus (VZV). Here, we investigated what kind of cell(s) and which signal molecule(s) are involved in IFN-α production. Using cell isolation and ELISA, we found that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) were responsible for IFN-α production during VZV infection. We also found that Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) was involved in VZV-induced IFN-α production because inhibitory CpG oligodeoxynucleotide inhibited IFN-α production. UV-inactivated VZV-induced IFN-α production was lower than that of active VZV, indicating another TLR9-independent pathway. Further studies demonstrated that double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, but not DNA-dependent protein kinase was involved in VZV-induced IFN-α production. Together, these results suggest that pDCs play an important role in IFN-α production during VZV infection through TLR9-dependent and -independent pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yu HR, Kuo HC, Huang HC, Huang LT, Tain YL, Chen CC, Liang CD, Sheen JM, Lin IC, Wu CC, Ou CY, Yang KD. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a reliable internal control in Western blot analysis of leukocyte subpopulations from children. Anal Biochem 2011; 413:24-9. [PMID: 21284931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2010] [Revised: 01/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To study differences in the development of immunity, leukocytes from cord blood are often compared with those from adult peripheral blood. Western blot analysis is a common method for detecting proteins. In this study, we investigated the reliability of using different housekeeping proteins (β-actin, β-tubulin, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [GAPDH]) as internal controls for different leukocyte subpopulations from infants, children, and adults. Our results showed that the expression levels of β-actin and β-tubulin were much lower in cord blood leukocytes than in adult leukocytes, and this expression pattern persisted in children up to 3 years old. Further study revealed that the β-actin expression level in newborns was especially lower in CD14-positive monocytes. However, cord blood and adult peripheral blood monocytes had similar expression levels of β-actin messenger RNA (mRNA). Further experiments showed that posttranslational regulation was responsible for the low β-actin expression level in neonatal monocytes. Thus, researchers should carefully assess the appropriate use of housekeeping gene-encoded proteins as internal standards to normalize samples for comparisons of different leukocyte populations from subjects of different ages. In this study, we determined that GAPDH was a more reliable internal control than others in Western blot analysis for comparing the development of immunity among infants, children, and adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen RF, Huang HC, Ou CY, Hsu TY, Chuang H, Chang JC, Wang L, Kuo HC, Yang KD. MicroRNA-21 expression in neonatal blood associated with antenatal immunoglobulin E production and development of allergic rhinitis. Clin Exp Allergy 2010; 40:1482-90. [PMID: 20701609 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03592.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic diseases has increased in the past decades. It is unknown whether expression of certain microRNAs (miRNAs) in neonatal leucocytes is correlated to IgE production and/or allergic diseases. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association of miRNA expression in neonatal leucocytes with cord blood IgE (CBIgE) elevation and development of allergic disease. METHODS We screened for the expression of a panel of 157 miRNAs in mononuclear leucocytes from human umbilical cord blood (CB) samples with elevated CBIgE and tracked the association of down-regulated miRNA expression to the miRNA-targeted gene expression and to children with allergic rhinitis (AR). RESULTS Among the initial screen of 10 CB samples with elevated CBIgE, expression of eight of the 157 miRNAs was low. Of these eight down-expressed miRNAs, three remained down-regulation in a validation with other 20 CB samples, and two of the three miRNAs, miR-21 and miR-126, were significantly lower in monocytes from AR children. Further analysis of mRNA expression of the miR-21-targeted genes identified that TGFBR2 expression on monocytes was significantly up-regulated in CB with elevated CBIgE, and in AR patients. Transfection of miR-21 precursor into monocytes from patients with AR increased miR-21 expression and decreased TGFBR2 expression. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the first in the literature that lower miR-21 expression in CB and increased TGFBR2 expression is associated with antenatal IgE production and development of AR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R-F Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cheng Y, Zhang J, Hou W, Wang D, Li F, Zhang Y, Yuan F. Immunoregulatory effects of sinomenine on the T-bet/GATA-3 ratio and Th1/Th2 cytokine balance in the treatment of mesangial proliferative nephritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2009; 9:894-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2009.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2008] [Revised: 03/21/2009] [Accepted: 03/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
26
|
Kaminuma O, Kitamura F, Miyatake S, Yamaoka K, Miyoshi H, Inokuma S, Tatsumi H, Nemoto S, Kitamura N, Mori A, Hiroi T. T-box 21 transcription factor is responsible for distorted T(H)2 differentiation in human peripheral CD4+ T cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009; 123:813-23.e3. [PMID: 19348920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2008] [Revised: 01/18/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regardless of T(H)1/T(H)2 theory, CD4(+) T cells of patients with allergic asthma, a typical T(H)2 disease, and those of healthy subjects expressed equivalent levels of IFN-gamma, even though T(H)2 cytokines were significantly upregulated in asthmatic patients. OBJECTIVE The mechanisms underlying distorted T(H)2 cell polarization in human T cells were elucidated. METHODS Cytokine-producing activity and the expression of T(H)1/T(H)2-specific transcription factors in naïve, T(H)1/T(H)2, or both CD4(+) T cells derived from human peripheral and cord blood were comparatively analyzed. The mechanisms of the differential expression of T-box 21 transcription factor (T-bet) in the cells were assessed by determining the chromatin accessibility at the TBX21 gene. The functional roles of T-bet and other transcription factors in human T(H)1/T(H)2 differentiation were further investigated. RESULTS T(H)2 cells derived from naive CD4(+) T cells in peripheral blood but not in cord blood produced IFN-gamma. T-bet was expressed in peripheral, but not cord blood, resting naive T cells. Consistently, the accessibility at the proximal TBX21 gene promoter in peripheral naive T cells was higher than that in cord blood naive T cells. IFN-gamma-producing activity was induced in T(H)2-differentiated cord blood T cells by means of ectopic expression of T-bet. In addition, a reduction of T-bet in peripheral T cells suppressed IFN-gamma production. T-bet not only upregulated IFN-gamma but also downregulated IL-4 and IL-13 gene transcription, independently of the modification of T(H)1/T(H)2 balance. CONCLUSION The expression of T-bet at a naive stage is crucial for the development of IFN-gamma-producing T cells in human peripheral blood, even in T(H)2-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Kaminuma
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Restoration of T-box-containing protein expressed in T cells protects against allergen-induced asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2008; 123:479-85. [PMID: 19081613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2008] [Revised: 10/21/2008] [Accepted: 10/22/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A T(H)1-specific transcription factor, T-box-containing protein expressed in T cells (T-bet), controls the production of both T(H)1 and T(H)2 cytokines in T(H) cell differentiation by means of distinct mechanisms. T-bet-deficient mice overproduce T(H)2 cytokines and have spontaneous airway inflammation. OBJECTIVES We tested whether T-bet overexpression could protect against the development or progression of asthma. METHODS We generated a T cell-specific and inducible line of T-bet-transgenic mice on a T-bet-deficient genetic background and used it to study the function of T-bet in an ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model. RESULTS Induction of T-bet in a T cell-specific manner in an OVA model of asthma concomitant with OVA injection prevented airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilic and lymphocytic inflammation, and IL-5 and IL-13 production in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and also reduced serum IgE and T(H)2 cytokine production by peripheral T cells. Even when T-bet expression was induced during later stages of asthma progression, T-bet overexpression still attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness and goblet cell hyperplasia, as well as T(H)2 cytokine production. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that T-bet expression in T cells can prevent the initiation of airway inflammation and progression of chronic inflammation and might be extrapolated to human asthma.
Collapse
|
28
|
Yeh SH, Chuang H, Lin LW, Hsiao CY, Eng HL. Regular tai chi chuan exercise enhances functional mobility and CD4CD25 regulatory T cells. Br J Sports Med 2006; 40:239-43. [PMID: 16505081 PMCID: PMC2491999 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.2005.022095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The duration and vigour of physical exercise are widely considered to be critical elements that may positively or negatively affect physical health and immune response. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of a 12 week programme of regular tai chi chuan exercise (TCC) on functional mobility, beliefs about benefits of exercise on physical and psychological health, and immune regulation in middle aged volunteers. METHODS This quasi-experimental research design involving one group with testing before and after the programme was conducted to measure the effect of 12 weeks of TCC exercise in 14 men and 23 women from the normal community. RESULTS Regular TCC exercise had a highly significant positive effect on functional mobility (p = 0.001) and beliefs about the health benefits of exercise (p = 0.013) in the 37 participants. Total white blood cell and red blood cell count did not change significantly, but a highly significant (p<0.001) decrease in monocyte count occurred. A significant (p = 0.05) increase in the ratio of T helper to suppressor cells (CD4:CD8) was found, along with a significant (p = 0.015) increase in CD4CD25 regulatory T cells. Production of the regulatory T cell mediators transforming growth factor beta and interleukin 10 under specific antigen stimulation (varicella zoster virus) was also significantly increased after this exercise programme. CONCLUSIONS A 12 week programme of regular TCC exercise enhances functional mobility, personal health expectations, and regulatory T cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S-H Yeh
- Chang Gung Institute of Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Affiliation(s)
- László Maródi
- Department of Infectious and Pediatric Immunology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Krt. 98, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Erpenbeck VJ, Hagenberg A, Krentel H, Discher M, Braun A, Hohlfeld JM, Krug N. Regulation of GATA-3, c-maf and T-bet mRNA expression in bronchoalveolar lavage cells and bronchial biopsies after segmental allergen challenge. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2006; 139:306-16. [PMID: 16498264 DOI: 10.1159/000091602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2005] [Accepted: 12/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GATA-3 (GATA binding protein 3) and the proto-oncogene c-maf are Th2-regulating transcription factors that control the expression of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-5, while T-bet (T-box expressed in T cells) is a Th1-specific transcription factor that controls the expression of interferon (IFN-gamma). Allergen provocation in asthmatics induces a Th2-dominated cytokine profile, but so far it is unknown whether the skewed cytokine expression is reflected by the expression of the respective transcriptional regulators. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the regulation of Th1- and Th2-specific transcription factors and cytokines in 10 atopic subjects with mild asthma and 5 nonatopic healthy controls at baseline and after segmental sham and allergen challenge. METHODS The mRNA expression of GATA-3, c-maf and T-bet was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells and bronchial biopsies. The percentage of IL-4+, IL-5+ and IFN-gamma+ BAL T cells was determined by flow cytometry, and BAL levels of these cytokines were measured by ELISA. RESULTS In BAL cells of asthmatics, the mRNA expression of all transcription factors was increased after allergen challenge. In bronchial biopsies, the basal expression of GATA-3 was increased in asthmatics compared to healthy controls but decreased after allergen challenge. Compared to sham challenge, the percentage of IL-5+/CD4+ BAL T cells was increased after allergen challenge in asthmatics while the percentage of IFN-gamma+/CD4+ and IFN-gamma+/CD8+ T cells was decreased. Expression of c-maf mRNA in BAL cells correlated with IL-4+/CD4+ BAL cells and BAL IL-5 levels. CONCLUSIONS Segmental allergen challenge in asthmatics leads to increased GATA-3, c-maf and T-bet expression in BAL cells but not in bronchial biopsies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veit J Erpenbeck
- Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Bronchiolitis and asthma are common wheezing illnesses of childhood. Respiratory syncytial virus is the main causative agent of Bronchiolitis. Rhinovirus is the most common trigger of exacerbations of asthma, but also has been detected increasingly in doing children with Bronchiolitis. Reportedly, childhood asthma develops in 40% of children with a history of Bronchiolitis. No convincing link has been reported between Bronchiolitis and development of atopy, although atopy generally is regarded as the main risk factor for chronic asthma. This article focuses on the association between bronchiolitis and the development of asthma. The authors address the question how respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus infections in young children, together with genetics and immunologic immaturity, may contribute to the development of asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuomas Jartti
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Finland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yu HR, Chen RF, Hong KC, Bong CN, Lee WI, Kuo HC, Yang KD. IL-12-independent Th1 polarization in human mononuclear cells infected with varicella-zoster virus. Eur J Immunol 2005; 35:3664-72. [PMID: 16285008 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200526258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
T helper type 1 (Th1) cells perform a critical role in fighting intracellular organisms, and interleukin-12 (IL-12) is known to promote a Thl response. This study was conducted to identify whether an IL-12-independent Th1 reaction is induced by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in human beings. It was found that different intracellular microorganisms could induce IFNgamma but not IL-12 production. Induction of IFNgamma production by VZV was associated with IFNalpha production and phosphorylation of both the signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT-1) and STAT-4 in lymphocytes. In contrast, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) induced IL-12 production in association with STAT-4 but not STAT-1 activation. Anti-IFNalpha but not anti-IL-12 antibodies blocked the VZV-induced Th1 polarization. A patient with an IL-12 receptor beta1 chain deficiency showed a normal VZV- but not a normal BCG-induced Th1 reaction, further supporting the concept of an IFNalpha-mediated, IL-12-independent Th1 reaction in response to certain intracellular infections. Identification of the early Th1 polarization induced by IFNalpha versus IL-12 in response to specific viruses may enable the development of better therapeutic strategies tailored to different infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ren Yu
- Department of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chen RF, Liu JW, Yeh WT, Wang L, Chang JC, Yu HR, Cheng JT, Yang KD. Altered T helper 1 reaction but not increase of virus load in patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 44:43-50. [PMID: 15780577 DOI: 10.1016/j.femsim.2004.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2004] [Revised: 11/24/2004] [Accepted: 11/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To investigate whether dengue-2 patients with and without dengue hemorrhagic fever had different virus load, immune mediators, or T helper (Th) reaction, we simultaneously measured virus load, immune mediators and the Th1/Th2 transcription factors T-bet/GATA-3 mRNA expression in a large outbreak of dengue-2 infections in Southern Taiwan. Results showed that virus load was not significantly different between patients with and without dengue hemorrhagic fever. Patients with dengue fever had higher IFN-gamma levels, but patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever had significantly higher IL-10 levels. Further studies showed that patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever had a significantly lower T-bet than those with dengue fever, but GATA-3 mRNA expression in peripheral blood leukocytes was not significant difference between both groups. In conclusion, altered Th1 reaction as reflected by lower T-bet mRNA expression associated with higher IL-10 levels might be involved in the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Fu Chen
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|