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Krga I, Corral-Jara KF, Barber-Chamoux N, Dubray C, Morand C, Milenkovic D. Grapefruit Juice Flavanones Modulate the Expression of Genes Regulating Inflammation, Cell Interactions and Vascular Function in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Postmenopausal Women. Front Nutr 2022; 9:907595. [PMID: 35694160 PMCID: PMC9178201 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.907595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapefruit is a rich source of flavanones, phytochemicals suggested excreting vasculoprotective effects. We previously showed that flavanones in grapefruit juice (GFJ) reduced postmenopausal women’s pulse-wave velocity (PWV), a measure of arterial stiffness. However, mechanisms of flavanone action in humans are largely unknown. This study aimed to decipher molecular mechanisms of flavanones by multi-omics analysis in PBMCs of volunteers consuming GFJ and flavanone-free control drink for 6 months. Modulated genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) were identified using microarrays. Bioinformatics analyses assessed their functions, interactions and correlations with previously observed changes in PWV. GFJ modified gene and miRNA expressions. Integrated analysis of modulated genes and miRNA-target genes suggests regulation of inflammation, immune response, cell interaction and mobility. Bioinformatics identified putative mediators of the observed nutrigenomic effect (STAT3, NF-κB) and molecular docking demonstrated potential binding of flavanone metabolites to transcription factors and cell-signaling proteins. We also observed 34 significant correlations between changes in gene expression and PWV. Moreover, global gene expression was negatively correlated with gene expression profiles in arterial stiffness and hypertension. This study revealed molecular mechanisms underlying vasculoprotective effects of flavanones, including interactions with transcription factors and gene and miRNA expression changes that inversely correlate with gene expression profiles associated with cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Krga
- Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Claude Dubray
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CIC 501, UMR 766, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christine Morand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Dragan Milenkovic,
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2
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ADMA: A Key Player in the Relationship between Vascular Dysfunction and Inflammation in Atherosclerosis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9093026. [PMID: 32962225 PMCID: PMC7563400 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9093026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic cardiovascular disease which increases risk of major cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction and stroke. Elevated plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) have long been recognised as a hallmark of cardiovascular disease and are associated with cardiovascular risk factors including hypertension, obesity and hypertriglyceridemia. In this review, we discuss the clinical literature that link ADMA concentrations to increased risk of the development of atherosclerosis. The formation of atherosclerotic lesions relies on the interplay between vascular dysfunction, leading to endothelial activation and the accumulation of inflammatory cells, particularly macrophages, within the vessel wall. Here, we review the mechanisms through which elevated ADMA contributes to endothelial dysfunction, activation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production; how ADMA may affect vascular smooth muscle phenotype; and finally whether ADMA plays a regulatory role in the inflammatory processes occurring within the vessel wall.
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3
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Wetzel MD, Gao T, Stanley K, Cooper TK, Morris SM, Awad AS. Enhancing kidney DDAH-1 expression by adenovirus delivery reduces ADMA and ameliorates diabetic nephropathy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F509-F517. [PMID: 31904280 PMCID: PMC7052661 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00518.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction, characterized by reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide and increased oxidative stress, is a hallmark characteristic in diabetes and diabetic nephropathy (DN). High levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) are observed in several diseases including DN and are a strong prognostic marker for cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes and end-stage renal disease. ADMA, an endogenous endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) inhibitor, is selectively metabolized by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH). Low DDAH levels have been associated with cardiac and renal dysfunction, but its effects on DN are unknown. We hypothesized that enhanced renal DDAH-1 expression would improve DN by reducing ADMA and restoring NOS3 levels. DBA/2J mice injected with multiple low doses of vehicle or streptozotocin were subsequently injected intrarenally with adenovirus expressing DDAH-1 (Ad-h-DDAH-1) or vector control [Ad-green fluorescent protein (GFP)], and mice were followed for 6 wk. Diabetes was associated with increased kidney ADMA and reduced kidney DDAH activity and DDAH-1 expression but had no effect on kidney DDAH-2 expression. Ad-GFP-treated diabetic mice showed significant increases in albuminuria, histological changes, glomerular macrophage recruitment, inflammatory cytokine and fibrotic markers, kidney ADMA levels, and urinary thiobarbituric acid reactive substances excretion as an indicator of oxidative stress, along with a significant reduction in kidney DDAH activity and kidney NOS3 mRNA compared with normal mice. In contrast, Ad-h-DDAH-1 treatment of diabetic mice reversed these effects. These data indicate, for the first time, that DDAH-1 mediates renal tissue protection in DN via the ADMA-NOS3-interaction. Enhanced renal DDAH-1 activity could be a novel therapeutic tool for treating patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Wetzel
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Ting Gao
- Department of Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Kristen Stanley
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Timothy K Cooper
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Sidney M Morris
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Alaa S Awad
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
- Department of Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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4
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Amir M, Hassanein SI, Abdel Rahman MF, Gad MZ. AGXT2 and DDAH-1 genetic variants are highly correlated with serum ADMA and SDMA levels and with incidence of coronary artery disease in Egyptians. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:2411-2419. [PMID: 30284143 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4407-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dimethylarginine aminodehydrolase (DDAH1) and alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase2 (AGXT2) are two enzymes that contribute in asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) metabolism. Hence they affect production and bioavailability of eNOS-derived nitric oxide (NO) and consequently healthy blood vessels. The major aims of the current study were to investigate the association of genetic variants of AGXT2 rs37369, AGXT2 rs16899974 and DDAH1 rs997251 SNPs with incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Egyptians and to correlate these variants with the serum levels of ADMA and SDMA. The study included 150 subjects; 100 CAD patients and 50 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed by qPCR while the ADMA and SDMA concentrations were assayed by ELISA. Both serum ADMA and SDMA concentrations were significantly higher in CAD patients compared to controls (both p < 0.0001). Genotype distributions for all studied SNPs were significantly different between CAD patients and controls. Carriers of AGXT2 rs37369-T allele (CT + TT genotypes) and AGXT2 rs16899974-A allele (CA + AA genotypes) had 2.4- and 2.08-fold higher risk of having CAD than CC genotype in both SNPs (p = 0.0050 and 0.0192, respectively). DDAH1 rs997251 TC + CC genotypes were associated with 2.3-fold higher risk of CAD than TT genotype (p = 0.0063). Moreover, the AGXT2 rs37369 TT and AGXT2 rs16899974 AA genotypes were associated with the highest serum ADMA and SDMA while DDAH1 rs997251 CC genotype was associated with the highest ADMA. AGXT2 rs37369-T, AGXT2 rs16899974-A, and DDAH1 rs997251-C alleles represent independent risk factors for CAD in the Egyptians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Amir
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Main Entrance El-Tagamoa El-Khames, New Cairo City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sally I Hassanein
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Main Entrance El-Tagamoa El-Khames, New Cairo City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed F Abdel Rahman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Z Gad
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo (GUC), Main Entrance El-Tagamoa El-Khames, New Cairo City, Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) as an important risk factor for the increased cardiovascular diseases and heart failure in chronic kidney disease. Nitric Oxide 2018; 78:113-120. [PMID: 29928990 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease have an increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It has been recognized that the traditional cardiovascular risk factors could only partially explain the increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and N-monomethy l-arginine (L-NMMA) are endogenous inhibitors of nitric oxide synthases that attenuate nitric oxide production and enhance reactive oxidative specie generation. Increased plasma ADMA and/or L-NMMA are strong and independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease, and various cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes, and heart failure. Both ADMA and L-NMMA are also eliminated from the body through either degradation by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH1) or urine excretion. This short review will exam the literature of ADMA and L-NMMA degradation and urine excretion, and the role of chronic kidney diseases in ADMA and L-NMMA accumulation and the increased cardiovascular disease risk. Based on all available data, it appears that the increased cardiovascular morbidity in chronic kidney disease may relate to the dramatic increase of systemic ADMA and L-NMMA after kidney failure.
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Milewski K, Bogacińska-Karaś M, Fręśko I, Hilgier W, Jaźwiec R, Albrecht J, Zielińska M. Ammonia Reduces Intracellular Asymmetric Dimethylarginine in Cultured Astrocytes Stimulating Its y⁺LAT2 Carrier-Mediated Loss. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112308. [PMID: 29099056 PMCID: PMC5713277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously we had shown that ammonia stimulates nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in astrocytes by increasing the uptake of the precursor amino acid, arginine via the heteromeric arginine/glutamine transporter y+LAT2. Ammonia also increases the concentration in the brain of the endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthases (NOS), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), but distribution of ADMA surplus between the intraastrocytic and extracellular compartments of the brain has not been studied. Here we tested the hypothesis that ammonia modulates the distribution of ADMA and its analog symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) between the two compartments of the brain by competition with arginine for the y+LAT2 transporter. In extension of the hypothesis we analyzed the ADMA/Arg interaction in endothelial cells forming the blood-brain barrier. We measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS) technique the concentration of arginine, ADMA and SDMA in cultured cortical astrocytes and in a rat brain endothelial cell line (RBE-4) treated with ammonia and the effect of silencing the expression of a gene coding y+LAT2. We also tested the expression of ADMA metabolism enzymes: protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) and dimethylarginine dimethyl aminohydrolase (DDAH) and arginine uptake to astrocytes. Treatment for 48 h with 5 mM ammonia led to an almost 50% reduction of ADMA and SDMA concentration in both cell types, and the effect in astrocytes was substantially attenuated by silencing of the Slc7a6 gene. Moreover, the y+LAT2-dependent component of ammonia-evoked arginine uptake in astrocytes was reduced in the presence of ADMA in the medium. Our results suggest that increased ADMA efflux mediated by upregulated y+LAT2 may be a mechanism by which ammonia interferes with intra-astrocytic (and possibly intra-endothelial cell) ADMA content and subsequently, NO synthesis in both cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Milewski
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Bogacińska-Karaś
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Inez Fręśko
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Hilgier
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Radosław Jaźwiec
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jan Albrecht
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Zielińska
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
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7
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Sandqvist A, Schneede J, Kylhammar D, Henrohn D, Lundgren J, Hedeland M, Bondesson U, Rådegran G, Wikström G. Plasma L-arginine levels distinguish pulmonary arterial hypertension from left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Heart Vessels 2017; 33:255-263. [PMID: 28975394 PMCID: PMC5847178 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-017-1055-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening condition, characterized by an imbalance of vasoactive substances and remodeling of pulmonary vasculature. Nitric oxide, formed from L-arginine, is essential for homeostasis and smooth muscle cell relaxation in PAH. Our aim was to compare plasma concentrations of L-arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) in PAH compared to left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) and healthy subjects. This was an observational, multicenter study comparing 21 patients with PAH to 14 patients with LVSD and 27 healthy subjects. Physical examinations were obtained and blood samples were collected. Plasma levels of ADMA, SDMA, L-arginine, L-ornithine, and L-citrulline were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Plasma levels of ADMA and SDMA were higher, whereas L-arginine and L-arginine/ADMA ratio were lower in PAH patients compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.001). Patients with PAH also had lower levels of L-arginine than patients with LVSD (p < 0.05). L-Arginine correlated to 6 min walking distance (6MWD) (r s = 0.58, p = 0.006) and L-arginine/ADMA correlated to WHO functional class (r s = -0.46, p = 0.043) in PAH. In conclusion, L-arginine levels were significantly lower in treatment naïve PAH patients compared to patients with LVSD. Furthermore, L-arginine correlated with 6MWD in PAH. L-arginine may provide useful information in differentiating PAH from LVSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sandqvist
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Pharmacology, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Jörn Schneede
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Pharmacology, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - David Kylhammar
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Cardiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,The Section for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Dan Henrohn
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jakob Lundgren
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Cardiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,The Section for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mikael Hedeland
- Department of Chemistry, National Veterinary Institute (SVA), Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Bondesson
- Department of Chemistry, National Veterinary Institute (SVA), Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Analytical Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Göran Rådegran
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Cardiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,The Section for Heart Failure and Valvular Disease, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gerhard Wikström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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8
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Abstract
The pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension remains undefined. Changes in the expression and effects mediated by a number of vasoactive factors have been implicated to play a role in the onset and progression of the disease. The source of many of these mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin and endothelin-1 (ET-1), is the pulmonary endothelium. This article focus in the role of nitric oxide in PAH, reviewing the evidence for its involvement in regulation of pulmonary a vascular tone under physiological conditions, the mechanisms by which it can contribute to the pathological changes seen in PAH and strategies for the use of NO as a therapy for treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian H Chester
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Heart Science Centre, Harefield, Middlesex, UB9 6JH, United Kingdom
| | - Magdi H Yacoub
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Heart Science Centre, Harefield, Middlesex, UB9 6JH, United Kingdom
| | - Salvador Moncada
- School of Medical Sciences, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4QL, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most widely used drugs worldwide. They are used to treat a number of gastroesophageal disorders and are usually prescribed as a long-term medication or even taken without a prescription. There are a number of clinical studies that associate PPI use with an increased cardiovascular risk. In this article, we review the clinical evidence for adverse cardiovascular effects of PPIs, and we discuss possible biological mechanisms by which PPIs can impair cardiovascular health.
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10
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Eram MS, Shen Y, Szewczyk M, Wu H, Senisterra G, Li F, Butler KV, Kaniskan HÜ, Speed BA, dela Seña C, Dong A, Zeng H, Schapira M, Brown PJ, Arrowsmith CH, Barsyte-Lovejoy D, Liu J, Vedadi M, Jin J. A Potent, Selective, and Cell-Active Inhibitor of Human Type I Protein Arginine Methyltransferases. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:772-781. [PMID: 26598975 PMCID: PMC4798913 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) play a crucial role in a variety of biological processes. Overexpression of PRMTs has been implicated in various human diseases including cancer. Consequently, selective small-molecule inhibitors of PRMTs have been pursued by both academia and the pharmaceutical industry as chemical tools for testing biological and therapeutic hypotheses. PRMTs are divided into three categories: type I PRMTs which catalyze mono- and asymmetric dimethylation of arginine residues, type II PRMTs which catalyze mono- and symmetric dimethylation of arginine residues, and type III PRMT which catalyzes only monomethylation of arginine residues. Here, we report the discovery of a potent, selective, and cell-active inhibitor of human type I PRMTs, MS023, and characterization of this inhibitor in a battery of biochemical, biophysical, and cellular assays. MS023 displayed high potency for type I PRMTs including PRMT1, -3, -4, -6, and -8 but was completely inactive against type II and type III PRMTs, protein lysine methyltransferases and DNA methyltransferases. A crystal structure of PRMT6 in complex with MS023 revealed that MS023 binds the substrate binding site. MS023 potently decreased cellular levels of histone arginine asymmetric dimethylation. It also reduced global levels of arginine asymmetric dimethylation and concurrently increased levels of arginine monomethylation and symmetric dimethylation in cells. We also developed MS094, a close analog of MS023, which was inactive in biochemical and cellular assays, as a negative control for chemical biology studies. MS023 and MS094 are useful chemical tools for investigating the role of type I PRMTs in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad S. Eram
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Yudao Shen
- Departments of Structural and Chemical Biology, Oncological Sciences, and Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Magdalena Szewczyk
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Hong Wu
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Guillermo Senisterra
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Fengling Li
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Kyle V. Butler
- Departments of Structural and Chemical Biology, Oncological Sciences, and Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - H. Ümit Kaniskan
- Departments of Structural and Chemical Biology, Oncological Sciences, and Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Brandon A. Speed
- Departments of Structural and Chemical Biology, Oncological Sciences, and Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Carlo dela Seña
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Aiping Dong
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Hong Zeng
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Matthieu Schapira
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Peter J. Brown
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Cheryl H. Arrowsmith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Dalia Barsyte-Lovejoy
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Jing Liu
- Departments of Structural and Chemical Biology, Oncological Sciences, and Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Masoud Vedadi
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jian Jin
- Departments of Structural and Chemical Biology, Oncological Sciences, and Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
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11
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Liu X, Hou L, Xu D, Chen A, Yang L, Zhuang Y, Xu Y, Fassett JT, Chen Y. Effect of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) on heart failure development. Nitric Oxide 2016; 54:73-81. [PMID: 26923818 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthases that limits nitric oxide bioavailability and can increase production of NOS derived reactive oxidative species. Increased plasma ADMA is a one of the strongest predictors of mortality in patients who have had a myocardial infarction or suffer from chronic left heart failure, and is also an independent risk factor for several other conditions that contribute to heart failure development, including hypertension, coronary artery disease/atherosclerosis, diabetes, and renal dysfunction. The enzyme responsible for ADMA degradation is dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH1). DDAH1 plays an important role in maintaining nitric oxide bioavailability and preserving cardiovascular function in the failing heart. Here, we examine mechanisms of abnormal NO production in heart failure, with particular focus on the role of ADMA and DDAH1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liu
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Hou
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dachun Xu
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Angela Chen
- Cardiovascular Division and Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, MN55455, USA
| | - Liuqing Yang
- Cardiovascular Division and Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, MN55455, USA
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Cardiovascular Division and Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, MN55455, USA
| | - Yawei Xu
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - John T Fassett
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, Graz, 8020, Austria.
| | - Yingjie Chen
- Cardiovascular Division and Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, MN55455, USA.
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12
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Ghebremariam YT, LePendu P, Lee JC, Erlanson DA, Slaviero A, Shah NH, Leiper J, Cooke JP. Unexpected effect of proton pump inhibitors: elevation of the cardiovascular risk factor asymmetric dimethylarginine. Circulation 2013; 128:845-53. [PMID: 23825361 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.003602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are gastric acid-suppressing agents widely prescribed for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Recently, several studies in patients with acute coronary syndrome have raised the concern that use of PPIs in these patients may increase their risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. The mechanism of this possible adverse effect is not known. Whether the general population might also be at risk has not been addressed. METHODS AND RESULTS Plasma asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. Elevated plasma ADMA is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease, likely because of its attenuation of the vasoprotective effects of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. We find that PPIs elevate plasma ADMA levels and reduce nitric oxide levels and endothelium-dependent vasodilation in a murine model and ex vivo human tissues. PPIs increase ADMA because they bind to and inhibit dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase, the enzyme that degrades ADMA. CONCLUSIONS We present a plausible biological mechanism to explain the association of PPIs with increased major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with unstable coronary syndromes. Of concern, this adverse mechanism is also likely to extend to the general population using PPIs. This finding compels additional clinical investigations and pharmacovigilance directed toward understanding the cardiovascular risk associated with the use of the PPIs in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes T Ghebremariam
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Texas Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Caplin B, Leiper J. Endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitors in the biology of disease: markers, mediators, and regulators? Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32:1343-53. [PMID: 22460557 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.247726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The asymmetric methylarginines inhibit nitric oxide synthesis in vivo by competing with L-arginine at the active site of nitric oxide synthase. High circulating levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine predict adverse outcomes, specifically vascular events but there is now increasing experimental and epidemiological evidence that these molecules, and the enzymes that regulate this pathway, play a mechanistic role in cardiovascular diseases. Recent data have provided insight into the impact of altered levels of these amino acids in both humans and rodents, however these reports also suggest a simplistic approach based on measuring, and modulating circulating asymmetric dimethylarginine alone is inadequate. This review outlines the basic biochemistry and physiology of endogenous methylarginines, examines both the experimental and observational evidence for a role in disease pathogenesis, and examines the potential for therapeutic regulation of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Caplin
- Centre for Nephrology, UCL Medical School, Royal Free Campus 2nd Floor, Rowland Hill St, London NW3 2PF.
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Weiss SL, Yu M, Jennings L, Haymond S, Zhang G, Wainwright MS. Pilot study of the association of the DDAH2 -449G polymorphism with asymmetric dimethylarginine and hemodynamic shock in pediatric sepsis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33355. [PMID: 22428028 PMCID: PMC3299781 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic variability in the regulation of the nitric oxide (NO) pathway may influence hemodynamic changes in pediatric sepsis. We sought to determine whether functional polymorphisms in DDAH2, which metabolizes the NO synthase inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), are associated with susceptibility to sepsis, plasma ADMA, distinct hemodynamic states, and vasopressor requirements in pediatric septic shock. Methodology/Principal Findings In a prospective study, blood and buccal swabs were obtained from 82 patients ≤18 years (29 with severe sepsis/septic shock plus 27 febrile and 26 healthy controls). Plasma ADMA was measured using tandem mass spectrometry. DDAH2 gene was partially sequenced to determine the −871 6g/7g insertion/deletion and −449G/C single nucleotide polymorphisms. Shock type (“warm” versus “cold”) was characterized by clinical assessment. The −871 7g allele was more common in septic (17%) then febrile (4%) and healthy (8%) patients, though this was not significant after controlling for sex and race (p = 0.96). ADMA did not differ between −871 6g/7g genotypes. While genotype frequencies also did not vary between groups for the −449G/C SNP (p = 0.75), septic patients with at least one −449G allele had lower ADMA (median, IQR 0.36, 0.30–0.41 µmol/L) than patients with the −449CC genotype (0.55, 0.49–0.64 µmol/L, p = 0.008) and exhibited a higher incidence of “cold” shock (45% versus 0%, p = 0.01). However, after controlling for race, the association with shock type became non-significant (p = 0.32). Neither polymorphism was associated with inotrope score or vasoactive infusion duration. Conclusions/Significance The −449G polymorphism in the DDAH2 gene was associated with both low plasma ADMA and an increased likelihood of presenting with “cold” shock in pediatric sepsis, but not with vasopressor requirement. Race, however, was an important confounder. These results support and justify the need for larger studies in racially homogenous populations to further examine whether genotypic differences in NO metabolism contribute to phenotypic variability in sepsis pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott L Weiss
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Memorial Hospital, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
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Kandavar R, Higashi Y, Chen W, Blackstock C, Vaughn C, Sukhanov S, Sander GE, Roffidal LE, Delafontaine P, Giles TD. The effect of nebivolol versus metoprolol succinate extended release on asymmetric dimethylarginine in hypertension. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HYPERTENSION : JASH 2011; 5:161-5. [PMID: 21251896 PMCID: PMC3141281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2010.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Revised: 11/11/2010] [Accepted: 11/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to determine if metoprolol succinate ER (MET), and nebivolol (NEB), a β1-AR with increased bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), would have differing effects on plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine concentration in hypertensives. It was hypothesized that NEB, a β1-AR antagonist and β3-AR agonist with NO-releasing properties, and MET, only a β1-AR antagonist, would have different effects on plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) concentration. Forty-one hypertensive subjects randomly received either 50 mg of MET (n = 19) or 5 mg of NEB (n = 22) for 4 weeks followed by 100 mg MET and 10 mg NEB for 4 weeks. ADMA and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit; endothelial progenitor cells were estimated using fluorescein-labeled monoclonal antibody to KDR and CD133 receptors; arterial augmentation index was measured by radial tonometry. Baseline systolic/diastolic blood pressure was 155.1 ± 18.7/85.3 ± 12.5 mm Hg for MET subjects and 157.6 ± 20.7/87.1 ± 14.0 mm Hg for NEB subjects. Baseline ADMA was 0.32 ± 0.123 μmol/L in the MET group and 0.4035 ± 0.1378 in the NEB group. ADMA increased 44.78% and 72% in the MET group at weeks 4 and 8 (P < .05 for both), respectively, without increase in the NEB group. At week 8, augmentation index was increased in the MET group (P < .05). IGF-1 and endothelial progenitor cells were unchanged by treatment. Plasma ADMA and augmentation index are increased in a dose-dependent fashion by MET but not with NEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramprasad Kandavar
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70005, USA
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Hu X, Atzler D, Xu X, Zhang P, Guo H, Lu Z, Fassett J, Schwedhelm E, Böger RH, Bache RJ, Chen Y. Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 is the critical enzyme for degrading the cardiovascular risk factor asymmetrical dimethylarginine. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 31:1540-6. [PMID: 21493890 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.222638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to identify the role of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH1) in degrading the endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitors asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA) and N(g)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA). METHODS AND RESULTS We generated a global-DDAH1 gene-deficient (DDAH1(-/-)) mouse strain to examine the role of DDAH1 in ADMA and l-NMMA degradation and the physiological consequences of loss of DDAH1. Plasma and tissue ADMA and L-NMMA levels in DDAH1(-/-) mice were several folds higher than in wild-type mice, but growth and development of these DDAH1(-/-) mice were similar to those of their wild-type littermates. Although the expression of DDAH2 was unaffected, DDAH activity was undetectable in all tissues tested. These findings indicate that DDAH1 is the critical enzyme for ADMA and L-NMMA degradation. Blood pressure was ≈ 20 mm Hg higher in the DDAH1(-/-) mice than in wild-type mice, but no other cardiovascular phenotype was found under unstressed conditions. Crossing DDAH1(+/-) male with DDAH1(+/-) female mice yielded DDAH1(+/+), DDAH1(+/-), and DDAH1(-/-) mice at the anticipated ratio of 1:2:1, indicating that DDAH1 is not required for embryonic development in this strain. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that DDAH1 is required for metabolizing ADMA and L-NMMA in vivo, whereas DDAH2 had no detectable role for degrading ADMA and l-NMMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Hu
- Cardiovascular Division, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Schwedhelm E, Xanthakis V, Maas R, Sullivan LM, Schulze F, Riederer U, Benndorf RA, Böger RH, Vasan RS. Asymmetric dimethylarginine reference intervals determined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: results from the Framingham offspring cohort. Clin Chem 2009; 55:1539-45. [PMID: 19541865 PMCID: PMC3794429 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2009.124263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence links higher circulating asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) to greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Relatively small differences in ADMA concentrations between healthy individuals and those with disease underscore the need to formulate reference intervals that may aid risk stratification of individuals. METHODS We formulated reference intervals for plasma ADMA concentrations using a community-based reference sample from the Framingham Offspring Study consisting of 1126 nonsmoking individuals [mean (SD) age 56 (9) years; 60% women] who were free of clinical CVD, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity and who attended a routine examination at which ADMA was assayed. ADMA concentrations were determined using a validated tandem mass spectrometry-liquid chromatography assay. RESULTS In the study sample, the mean ADMA concentration was 0.52 (0.11) micromol/L, and the reference limits were 0.311 and 0.732 (2.5th and 97.5th percentile). The sex-specific reference limits were 0.310 and 0.745 in men and 0.313 and 0.721 micromol/L in women. In multivariable regression analysis, ADMA plasma concentrations were positively correlated with age and total plasma homocysteine (both P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Reference limits calculated for circulating ADMA in our large community-based healthy reference sample confirm the previous observation of a relatively narrow distribution of concentrations. This suggests a tight physiological control of ADMA plasma concentrations, presumably by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) metabolism of ADMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edzard Schwedhelm
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Chatterjee A, Black SM, Catravas JD. Endothelial nitric oxide (NO) and its pathophysiologic regulation. Vascul Pharmacol 2008; 49:134-40. [PMID: 18692595 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2008.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2008] [Accepted: 06/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous lipophilic free radical generated by three distinct isoforms of nitric oxide synthases (NOS), type 1 or neuronal (nNOS), type 2 or inducible (iNOS) and type 3 or endothelial NOS (eNOS). Expression of eNOS is altered in many types of cardiovascular disease, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes and hypertension. The ubiquitous chaperone heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) associates with NOS and is important for its proper folding and function. Current studies point toward a therapeutic potential by modulating hsp90-NOS association in various vascular diseases. Here we review the transcriptional regulation of endothelial NOS and factors affecting eNOS activity and function, as well as the important vascular pathologies associated with altered NOS function, focusing on the regulatory role of hsp90 and other factors in NO-associated pathogenesis of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuran Chatterjee
- Pulmonary Vascular Disease Program, Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia 30912-2500, USA
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Päivä H, Laakso J, Kähönen M, Turjanmaa V, Kööbi T, Majahalme S, Lehtimäki T, Ruokonen I, Laaksonen R. Asymmetric dimethylarginine and hemodynamic regulation in middle-aged men. Metabolism 2006; 55:771-7. [PMID: 16713437 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2006.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2005] [Accepted: 01/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the role of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in the regulation of hemodynamic functions in hypertensive men. It has been suggested that ADMA, as an endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, is linked to hypertension and vascular reactivity. Sixty-seven men aged 51.1 years (range, 45-55 years) were studied. Plasma ADMA and symmetric dimethylarginine were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Blood pressure (BP) was measured by 24-hour ambulatory recordings and casual measurements. Hemodynamic regulation was assessed by noninvasive methods. The nitric oxide production was estimated based on plasma nitrate (NO(3)(-)) determination. Results showed that plasma arginine derivatives or l-arginine/ADMA ratio was not associated with BP values observed during 24-hour monitoring or in casual measurements. Systemic vascular resistance, pulse wave velocity, or cardiac output was not associated with plasma ADMA or plasma NO(3)(-) levels. No association was found between plasma ADMA and NO(3)(-) either. Interestingly, subjects on antihypertensive treatment had lower plasma ADMA concentrations than nontreated subjects (0.30+/-0.08 and 0.36+/-0.11 micromol/L, respectively, P=.04) despite higher BP values. In conclusion, these results suggest that plasma ADMA does not have a determinative role in the regulation of hemodynamic functions in Finnish middle-aged men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannu Päivä
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland.
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