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Liu M, Chen M, Tan J, Chen A, Guo J. Plasma proteins and inflammatory dermatoses: proteome-wide Mendelian randomization and colocalization analyses. Arch Dermatol Res 2024; 316:443. [PMID: 38951247 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-03191-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Current genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of plasma proteomes provide additional possibilities for finding new drug targets for inflammatory dermatoses. We performed proteome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR) and colocalization analyses to identify novel potential drug targets for inflammatory dermatoses. We performed MR and colocalization analysis using genetic variation as instrumental variables to determine the causal relationship between circulating plasma proteins and inflammatory dermatoses. 5 plasma proteins were found to be causally associated with dermatitis eczematosa, SLE, urticaria and psoriasis using cis-pQTLs as instrumental variables, but not found in AD and LP. 19 candidate genes with high colocalization evidence were identified. These potential drug targets still require more research and rigorous validation in future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengsong Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Mulan Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Junwen Tan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Anjing Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Jing Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China.
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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Shi X, Feng D, Li D, Han P, Yang L, Wei W. A pan-cancer analysis of the oncogenic and immunological roles of apolipoprotein F (APOF) in human cancer. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:190. [PMID: 37312170 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01156-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apolipoprotein F (APOF) has been less studied in cancers. Thus, we aimed to perform a pan-cancer analysis of the oncogenic and immunological effects of APOF on human cancer. METHODS A standardized TCGA pan-cancer dataset was downloaded. Differential expression, clinical prognosis, genetic mutations, immune infiltration, epigenetic modifications, tumor stemness and heterogeneity were analyzed. We conducted all analyses through software R (version 3.6.3) and its suitable packages. RESULTS Overall, we found that the common cancers differentially expressed between tumor and normal samples and prognostic-associated were BRCA, PRAD, KIRP, and LIHC in terms of overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The pan-cancer Spearman analysis showed that the mRNA expression of APOF was negatively correlated with four tumor stemness indexes (DMPss, DNAss, ENHss, and EREG-METHss) with statistical significance for PRAD and was positively correlated for LIHC. In terms of BRCA and PRAD patients, we found negative correlation of APOF with TMB, MSI, neo, HRD and LOH. The mutation frequencies of BRCA and LIHC were 0.3%. APOF expression was negatively correlated with immune infiltration and positively correlated with tumor purity for PRAD patients. The mRNA expression of APOF was negatively associated with most TILs for LIHC, B cells, CD4+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells, but was positively associated with CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSIONS Our pan-cancer study offered a relatively comprehensive understanding of the roles of APOF on BRCA, PRAD, KIRP, and LIHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Shi
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dechao Feng
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dengxiong Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ping Han
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wuran Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang #37, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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3
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Deprince A, Hennuyer N, Kooijman S, Pronk ACM, Baugé E, Lienard V, Verrijken A, Dirinck E, Vonghia L, Woitrain E, Kloosterhuis NJ, Marez E, Jacquemain P, Wolters JC, Lalloyer F, Eberlé D, Quemener S, Vallez E, Tailleux A, Kouach M, Goossens J, Raverdy V, Derudas B, Kuivenhoven JA, Croyal M, van de Sluis B, Francque S, Pattou F, Rensen PCN, Staels B, Haas JT. Apolipoprotein F is reduced in humans with steatosis and controls plasma triglyceride-rich lipoprotein metabolism. Hepatology 2023; 77:1287-1302. [PMID: 35735979 PMCID: PMC10026963 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NAFLD affects nearly 25% of the global population. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of death among patients with NAFLD, in line with highly prevalent dyslipidemia in this population. Increased plasma triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoprotein (TRL) concentrations, an important risk factor for CVD, are closely linked with hepatic TG content. Therefore, it is of great interest to identify regulatory mechanisms of hepatic TRL production and remnant uptake in the setting of hepatic steatosis. APPROACH AND RESULTS To identify liver-regulated pathways linking intrahepatic and plasma TG metabolism, we performed transcriptomic analysis of liver biopsies from two independent cohorts of obese patients. Hepatic encoding apolipoprotein F ( APOF ) expression showed the fourth-strongest negatively correlation with hepatic steatosis and the strongest negative correlation with plasma TG levels. The effects of adenoviral-mediated human ApoF (hApoF) overexpression on plasma and hepatic TG were assessed in C57BL6/J mice. Surprisingly, hApoF overexpression increased both hepatic very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-TG secretion and hepatic lipoprotein remnant clearance, associated a ~25% reduction in plasma TG levels. Conversely, reducing endogenous ApoF expression reduced VLDL secretion in vivo , and reduced hepatocyte VLDL uptake by ~15% in vitro . Transcriptomic analysis of APOF -overexpressing mouse livers revealed a gene signature related to enhanced ApoB-lipoprotein clearance, including increased expression of Ldlr and Lrp1 , among others. CONCLUSION These data reveal a previously undescribed role for ApoF in the control of plasma and hepatic lipoprotein metabolism by favoring VLDL-TG secretion and hepatic lipoprotein remnant particle clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Deprince
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Hennuyer
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amanda C. M. Pronk
- Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Baugé
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Viktor Lienard
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - An Verrijken
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eveline Dirinck
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Luisa Vonghia
- Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eloïse Woitrain
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Niels J. Kloosterhuis
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eléonore Marez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Pauline Jacquemain
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Justina C. Wolters
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fanny Lalloyer
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Delphine Eberlé
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Sandrine Quemener
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Vallez
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Anne Tailleux
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Mostafa Kouach
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 7365‐GRITA‐Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, Lille, France
| | - Jean‐Francois Goossens
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 7365‐GRITA‐Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, Lille, France
| | - Violeta Raverdy
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1190 ‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Bruno Derudas
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Jan Albert Kuivenhoven
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mikaël Croyal
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, Nantes, France
- Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, Nantes, France
- CRNH‐Ouest Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Nantes, France
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sven Francque
- Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Paediatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - François Pattou
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1190 ‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Patrick C. N. Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology, and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Staels
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
| | - Joel T. Haas
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011‐ EGID, Lille, France
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Pan X. The Roles of Fatty Acids and Apolipoproteins in the Kidneys. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12050462. [PMID: 35629966 PMCID: PMC9145954 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12050462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidneys are organs that require energy from the metabolism of fatty acids and glucose; several studies have shown that the kidneys are metabolically active tissues with an estimated energy requirement similar to that of the heart. The kidneys may regulate the normal and pathological function of circulating lipids in the body, and their glomerular filtration barrier prevents large molecules or large lipoprotein particles from being filtered into pre-urine. Given the permeable nature of the kidneys, renal lipid metabolism plays an important role in affecting the rest of the body and the kidneys. Lipid metabolism in the kidneys is important because of the exchange of free fatty acids and apolipoproteins from the peripheral circulation. Apolipoproteins have important roles in the transport and metabolism of lipids within the glomeruli and renal tubules. Indeed, evidence indicates that apolipoproteins have multiple functions in regulating lipid import, transport, synthesis, storage, oxidation and export, and they are important for normal physiological function. Apolipoproteins are also risk factors for several renal diseases; for example, apolipoprotein L polymorphisms induce kidney diseases. Furthermore, renal apolipoprotein gene expression is substantially regulated under various physiological and disease conditions. This review is aimed at describing recent clinical and basic studies on the major roles and functions of apolipoproteins in the kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Pan
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York, NY 11501, USA;
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, NYU Langone Hospital—Long Island, Mineola, New York, NY 11501, USA
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5
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Morton RE, Mihna D. Apolipoprotein F concentration, activity, and the properties of LDL controlling ApoF activation in hyperlipidemic plasma. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100166. [PMID: 35016907 PMCID: PMC8953654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein F (ApoF) modulates lipoprotein metabolism by selectively inhibiting cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity on LDL. This ApoF activity requires that it is bound to LDL. How hyperlipidemia alters total plasma ApoF and its binding to LDL are poorly understood. In this study, total plasma ApoF and LDL-bound ApoF were quantified by ELISA (n = 200). Plasma ApoF was increased 31% in hypercholesterolemic plasma but decreased 20% in hypertriglyceridemia. However, in donors with combined hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, the elevated triglyceride ameliorated the rise in ApoF caused by hypercholesterolemia alone. Compared with normolipidemic LDL, hypercholesterolemic LDL contained ∼2-fold more ApoF per LDL particle, whereas ApoF bound to LDL in hypertriglyceridemia plasma was <20% of control. To understand the basis for altered association of ApoF with hyperlipidemic LDL, the physiochemical properties of LDL were modified in vitro by cholesteryl ester transfer protein ± LCAT activities. The time-dependent change in LDL lipid composition, proteome, core and surface lipid packing, LDL surface charge, and LDL size caused by these factors were compared with the ApoF binding capacity of these LDLs. Only LDL particle size correlated with ApoF binding capacity. This positive association between LDL size and ApoF content was confirmed in hyperlipidemic plasmas. Similarly, when in vitro produced and enlarged LDLs with elevated ApoF binding capacity were incubated with LPL to reduce their size, ApoF binding was reduced by 90%. Thus, plasma ApoF levels and the activation status of this ApoF are differentially altered by hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. LDL size is a key determinate of ApoF binding and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard E Morton
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195.
| | - Daniel Mihna
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
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6
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Liu Y, Mihna D, Izem L, Morton RE. Both full length-cholesteryl ester transfer protein and exon 9-deleted cholesteryl ester transfer protein promote triacylglycerol storage in cultured hepatocytes. Lipids 2022; 57:69-79. [PMID: 34866179 PMCID: PMC9060302 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that overexpression of full-length cholesteryl ester transfer protein (FL-CETP), but not its exon 9-deleted variant (∆E9-CETP), in an adipose cell line reduces their triacylglycerol (TAG) content. This provided mechanistic insight into several in vivo studies where FL-CETP levels are inversely correlated with adiposity. However, increased FL-CETP is also associated with elevated hepatic lipids, suggesting that the effect of CETP on cellular lipid metabolism may be tissue-specific. Here, we directly investigated the role of FL-CETP and ∆E9-CETP in hepatic lipid metabolism. FL- or ∆E9-CETP was overexpressed in HepG2-C3A by adenovirus transduction. Overexpression of either FL or ∆E9-CETP in hepatocytes increased cellular TAG mass by 25% but reduced TAG secretion. This cellular TAG was contained in larger and more numerous lipid droplets. Analysis of TAG synthetic and catabolic pathways showed that this elevated TAG content was due to increased incorporation of fatty acid into TAG (24%), and higher de novo synthesis of fatty acid (50%) and TAG from acetate (40%). siRNA knockdown of CETP had the opposite effect on TAG synthesis and lipogenesis, and decreased cellular TAG. This novel increase in cellular TAG by FL-CETP overexpression was reproduced in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. We conclude that, unlike that seen in adipocyte cells, overexpression of either CETP isoform in lipoprotein-secreting cells promotes the accumulation of TAG. These data suggest that the in vivo correlation between CETP levels and hepatic steatosis can be explained, in part, by a direct effect of CETP on hepatocyte cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Daniel Mihna
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Lahoucine Izem
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Richard E Morton
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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7
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Zhai R, Feng L, Zhang Y, Liu W, Li S, Hu Z. Combined Transcriptomic and Lipidomic Analysis Reveals Dysregulated Genes Expression and Lipid Metabolism Profiles in the Early Stage of Fatty Liver Disease in Rats. Front Nutr 2021; 8:733197. [PMID: 34604283 PMCID: PMC8484319 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.733197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease develops from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which then potentially develops into liver cirrhosis. It is a serious threat to human health. Therefore, investigating the formation and development mechanism of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is of great significance. Herein, an early model of NAFLD was successfully established by feeding rats with a high-fat and choline-deficient diet. Liver tissue samples were obtained from rats in the fatty liver model group (NAFL) and normal diet control group (CON). Afterward, transcriptome and lipidomic analysis was performed. Transcriptome results revealed that 178 differentially expressed genes were detected in NAFL and CON groups. Out of which, 105 genes were up-regulated, 73 genes were downregulated, and 8 pathways were significantly enriched. A total of 982 metabolites were detected in lipidomic analysis. Out of which 474 metabolites were significantly different, 273 were up-regulated, 201 were downregulated, and 7 pathways were significantly enriched. Based on the joint analysis, 3 common enrichment pathways were found, including cholesterol metabolism and fat digestion and absorption metabolic pathways. Overall, in the early stage of NAFLD, a small number of genetic changes caused a strong response to lipid components. The strongest reflection was glycerides and glycerophospholipids. A significant increase in fatty acid uptake accompanied by cholesterol metabolism is the most prominent metabolic feature of the liver in the early stage of NAFLD. In the early stage of fatty liver, the liver had shown the characteristics of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruina Zhai
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Ruminant Nutrition and Physiology Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Ruminant Nutrition and Physiology Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Ruminant Nutrition and Physiology Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Shengli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Hu
- Ruminant Nutrition and Physiology Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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Xing K, Liu H, Zhang F, Liu Y, Shi Y, Ding X, Wang C. Identification of key genes affecting porcine fat deposition based on co-expression network analysis of weighted genes. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:100. [PMID: 34419151 PMCID: PMC8379819 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fat deposition is an important economic consideration in pig production. The amount of fat deposition in pigs seriously affects production efficiency, quality, and reproductive performance, while also affecting consumers' choice of pork. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) is effective in pig genetic studies. Therefore, this study aimed to identify modules that co-express genes associated with fat deposition in pigs (Songliao black and Landrace breeds) with extreme levels of backfat (high and low) and to identify the core genes in each of these modules. RESULTS We used RNA sequences generated in different pig tissues to construct a gene expression matrix consisting of 12,862 genes from 36 samples. Eleven co-expression modules were identified using WGCNA and the number of genes in these modules ranged from 39 to 3,363. Four co-expression modules were significantly correlated with backfat thickness. A total of 16 genes (RAD9A, IGF2R, SCAP, TCAP, SMYD1, PFKM, DGAT1, GPS2, IGF1, MAPK8, FABP, FABP5, LEPR, UCP3, APOF, and FASN) were associated with fat deposition. CONCLUSIONS RAD9A, TCAP, SMYD1, PFKM, GPS2, and APOF were the key genes in the four modules based on the degree of gene connectivity. Combining these results with those from differential gene analysis, SMYD1 and PFKM were proposed as strong candidate genes for body size traits. This study explored the key genes that regulate porcine fat deposition and lays the foundation for further research into the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying porcine fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xing
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Huatao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yibing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangdong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
| | - Chuduan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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9
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Beyond Lipoprotein(a) plasma measurements: Lipoprotein(a) and inflammation. Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105689. [PMID: 34033878 PMCID: PMC9247870 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Genome wide association, epidemiological, and clinical studies have established high lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] as a causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Lp(a) is an apoB100 containing lipoprotein covalently bound to apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)], a glycoprotein. Plasma Lp(a) levels are to a large extent determined by genetics. Its link to cardiovascular disease (CVD) may be driven by its pro-inflammatory effects, of which its association with oxidized phospholipids (oxPL) bound to Lp(a) is the most studied. Various inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, and chronic renal failure are associated with high Lp(a) levels. In cases of RA, high Lp(a) levels are reversed by interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) blockade by tocilizumab, suggesting a potential role for IL-6 in regulating Lp(a) plasma levels. Elevated levels of IL-6 and IL-6R polymorphisms are associated with CVD. Therapies aimed at lowering apo(a) and thereby reducing plasma Lp(a) levels are in clinical trials. Their results will determine if reductions in apo(a) and Lp(a) decrease cardiovascular outcomes. As we enter this new arena of available treatments, there is a need to improve our understanding of mechanisms. This review will focus on the role of Lp(a) in inflammation and CVD.
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Chee WY, Kurahashi Y, Kim J, Miura K, Okuzaki D, Ishitani T, Kajiwara K, Nada S, Okano H, Okada M. β-catenin-promoted cholesterol metabolism protects against cellular senescence in naked mole-rat cells. Commun Biol 2021; 4:357. [PMID: 33742113 PMCID: PMC7979689 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01879-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The naked mole-rat (NMR; Heterocephalus glaber) exhibits cancer resistance and an exceptionally long lifespan of approximately 30 years, but the mechanism(s) underlying increased longevity in NMRs remains unclear. In the present study, we report unique mechanisms underlying cholesterol metabolism in NMR cells, which may be responsible for their anti-senescent properties. NMR fibroblasts expressed β-catenin abundantly; this high expression was linked to increased accumulation of cholesterol-enriched lipid droplets. Ablation of β-catenin or inhibition of cholesterol synthesis abolished lipid droplet formation and induced senescence-like phenotypes accompanied by increased oxidative stress. β-catenin ablation downregulated apolipoprotein F and the LXR/RXR pathway, which are involved in cholesterol transport and biogenesis. Apolipoprotein F ablation also suppressed lipid droplet accumulation and promoted cellular senescence, indicating that apolipoprotein F mediates β-catenin signaling in NMR cells. Thus, we suggest that β-catenin in NMRs functions to offset senescence by regulating cholesterol metabolism, which may contribute to increased longevity in NMRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woei-Yaw Chee
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Oncogene Research, Research for Microbial Disease, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Japan
| | - Yuriko Kurahashi
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Oncogene Research, Research for Microbial Disease, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Japan
| | - Junhyeong Kim
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Oncogene Research, Research for Microbial Disease, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Japan
| | - Kyoko Miura
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Department of Aging and Longevity Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Human Immunology Lab, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tohru Ishitani
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Homeostatic Regulation, Research for Microbial Disease, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Japan
| | - Kentaro Kajiwara
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Oncogene Research, Research for Microbial Disease, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Nada
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Oncogene Research, Research for Microbial Disease, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- grid.26091.3c0000 0004 1936 9959Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Masato Okada
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Department of Oncogene Research, Research for Microbial Disease, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka Japan
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11
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Morton RE, Mihna D, Liu Y. The lipid substrate preference of CETP controls the biochemical properties of HDL in fat/cholesterol-fed hamsters. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100027. [PMID: 33515552 PMCID: PMC7933494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) modulates lipoprotein metabolism by transferring cholesteryl ester (CE) and triglyceride (TG) between lipoproteins. However, differences in the way CETP functions exist across species. Unlike human CETP, hamster CETP prefers TG over CE as a substrate, raising questions regarding how substrate preference may impact lipoprotein metabolism. To understand how altering the CE versus TG substrate specificity of CETP might impact lipoprotein metabolism in humans, we modified CETP expression in fat/cholesterol-fed hamsters, which have a human-like lipoprotein profile. Hamsters received adenoviruses expressing no CETP, hamster CETP, or human CETP. Total plasma CETP mass increased up to 70% in the hamster and human CETP groups. Hamsters expressing human CETP exhibited decreased endogenous hamster CETP, resulting in an overall CE:TG preference of plasma CETP that was similar to that in humans. Hamster CETP overexpression had little impact on lipoproteins, whereas human CETP expression reduced HDL by 60% without affecting LDL. HDLs were TG enriched and CE depleted and much smaller, causing the HDL3:HDL2 ratio to increase threefold. HDL from hamsters expressing human CETP supported higher LCAT activity and greater cholesterol efflux. The fecal excretion of HDL-associated CE in human CETP animals was unchanged. However, much of this cholesterol accumulated in the liver and was associated with a 1.8-fold increase in hepatic cholesterol mass. Overall, these data show in a human-like lipoprotein model that modification of CETP's lipid substrate preference selectively alters HDL concentration and function. This provides a powerful tool for modulating HDL metabolism and impacting sterol balance in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard E Morton
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Daniel Mihna
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
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12
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Liu Y, Morton RE. Apolipoprotein F: a natural inhibitor of cholesteryl ester transfer protein and a key regulator of lipoprotein metabolism. Curr Opin Lipidol 2020; 31:194-199. [PMID: 32520778 PMCID: PMC8020876 DOI: 10.1097/mol.0000000000000688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this study is to highlight recent studies that have advanced our understanding of apolipoprotein F (ApoF) and its role in lipid metabolism. RECENT FINDINGS Previous studies showed that ApoF hepatic mRNA levels are suppressed by fat-enriched diets. Recent studies show this downregulation is mediated by agonist-induced binding of liver X receptor (LXR) and PPARalpha to a regulatory element in the ApoF promoter. First-of-kind in-vivo studies show ApoF lowers low-density lipoprotein levels and enhances reverse cholesterol transport in fat-fed hamsters. SUMMARY Diverse studies collectively provide compelling evidence that cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) plays an important role in regulating lipid metabolism. Inhibiting CETP raises HDL cholesterol. However, considering the recent failures of pharmacological inhibitors of CETP in clinical trials, it does not seem likely that global inhibition of CETP will be beneficial. ApoF is a minor apolipoprotein that functions as a natural inhibitor of CETP. However, ApoF is not a general inhibitor of CETP, but rather it preferentially inhibits CETP activity with LDL. Therefore, ApoF tailors CETP activity so that less tissue-derived cholesterol traffics from HDL into the LDL compartment. Lower LDL cholesterol levels have recognized clinical benefit for reduced cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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13
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Morton RE, Liu Y. The lipid transfer properties of CETP define the concentration and composition of plasma lipoproteins. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:1168-1179. [PMID: 32591337 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra120000691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) facilitates the net transfer of cholesteryl esters (CEs) and TGs between lipoproteins, impacting the metabolic fate of these lipoproteins. Previous studies have shown that a CETP antibody can alter CETP's preference for CE versus TG as transfer substrate, suggesting that CETP substrate preference can be manipulated in vivo. Hamster and human CETPs have very different preferences for CE and TG. To assess the effect of altering CETP's substrate preference on lipoproteins in vivo, here, we expressed human CETP in hamsters. Chow-fed hamsters received adenoviruses expressing no CETP, hamster CETP, or human CETP. Plasma CETP mass increased 2-fold in both the hamster and human CETP groups. Although the animals expressing human CETP still had low levels of hamster CETP, the CE versus TG preference of their plasma CETP was similar to that of the human ortholog. Hamster CETP overexpression had little impact on lipoproteins. However, expression of human CETP reduced HDL up to 50% and increased VLDL cholesterol 2.5-fold. LDL contained 20% more CE, whereas HDL CE was reduced 40%, and TG increased 6-fold. The HDL3:HDL2 ratio increased from 0.32 to 0.60. Hepatic expression of three cholesterol-related genes (LDLR, SCARB1, and CYP7A1) was reduced up to 40%. However, HDL-associated CE excretion into feces was unchanged. We conclude that expression of human CETP in hamsters humanizes their lipoprotein profile with respect to the relative concentrations of VLDL, LDL, HDL, and the HDL3:HDL2 ratio. Altering the lipid substrate preference of CETP provides a novel approach for modifying plasma lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard E Morton
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195
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14
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Da Z, Gao L, Su G, Yao J, Fu W, Zhang J, Zhang X, Pei Z, Yue P, Bai B, Lin Y, Meng W, Li X. Bioinformatics combined with quantitative proteomics analyses and identification of potential biomarkers in cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:130. [PMID: 32336950 PMCID: PMC7178764 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01212-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an invasive malignancy arising from biliary epithelial cells; it is the most common primary tumour of the bile tract and has a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to screen prognostic biomarkers for CCA by integrated multiomics analysis. METHODS The GSE32225 dataset was derived from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and comprehensively analysed by using R software and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to obtain the differentially expressed RNAs (DERNAs) associated with CCA prognosis. Quantitative isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) proteomics was used to screen differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between CCA and nontumour tissues. Through integrated analysis of DERNA and DEP data, we obtained candidate proteins APOF, ITGAV and CASK, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of these proteins in CCA. The relationship between CASK expression and CCA prognosis was further analysed. RESULTS Through bioinformatics analysis, 875 DERNAs were identified, of which 10 were associated with the prognosis of the CCA patients. A total of 487 DEPs were obtained by using the iTRAQ technique. Comprehensive analysis of multiomics data showed that CASK, ITGAV and APOF expression at both the mRNA and protein levels were different in CCA compared with nontumour tissues. CASK was found to be expressed in the cytoplasm and nucleus of CCA cells in 38 (45%) of 84 patients with CCA. Our results suggested that patients with positive CASK expression had significantly better overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) than those with negative CASK expression. Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated that negative expression of CASK was a significantly independent risk factor for OS and RFS in CCA patients. CONCLUSIONS CASK may be a tumour suppressor; its low expression is an independent risk factor for a poor prognosis in CCA patients, and so it could be used as a clinically valuable prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Da
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Long Gao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Gang Su
- Institute of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Jia Yao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Division of Scientific Research and Development Planning, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Wenkang Fu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Jinduo Zhang
- Department of Special Minimally Invasive Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Gansu Province Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Gansu Province Key Laboratory Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Xu Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Zhaoji Pei
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Ping Yue
- Department of Special Minimally Invasive Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Gansu Province Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Gansu Province Key Laboratory Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Bing Bai
- Department of Special Minimally Invasive Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Gansu Province Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Gansu Province Key Laboratory Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Yanyan Lin
- Department of Special Minimally Invasive Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Gansu Province Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Gansu Province Key Laboratory Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Wenbo Meng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Department of Special Minimally Invasive Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Division of Scientific Research and Development Planning, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Institute of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Gansu Province Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Gansu Province Key Laboratory Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000 China
| | - Xun Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Gansu Province Institute of Hepatopancreatobiliary, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- Gansu Province Key Laboratory Biotherapy and Regenerative Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000 China
- The Second Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000 China
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15
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Gaubatz JW, Gillard BK, Rosales C, Pownall HJ. Dietary Alcohol and Fat Differentially Affect Plasma Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Activity and Triglycerides in Normo- and Hypertriglyceridemic Subjects. Lipids 2020; 55:299-307. [PMID: 32255209 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with increased plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentrations and reduced risk for cardiovascular disease. Plasma cholesteryl ester transfer activity (CETA) mediates the exchange of HDL-cholesteryl ester (CE) for the triacylglycerol (TAG) of very-low-density lipoproteins. We compared the effects of oral challenges of Alcohol, saturated fat (SAT), and (Alcohol + SAT) on plasma CETA, cholesterol, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and TAG among normo-triglyceridemic (NTG) and mildly hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) volunteers having a range of plasma TAG concentrations. The major changes were (1) CETA increased more after ingestion of SAT and (Alcohol + SAT) in the HTG group versus the NTG group; (2) after all three challenges, elevation of plasma TAG concentration persisted longer in the HTG versus NTG group. Plasma cholesterol was not affected by the three dietary challenges, while Alcohol increased NEFA more in the HTG group than the NTG group. Plasma TAG best predicted plasma CETA, suggesting that intestinally derived lipoproteins are acceptors of HDL-CE. Unexpectedly, ingestion of (Alcohol + SAT) reduced the strength of the correlation between plasma TAG and CETA, that is the effects of (SAT and Alcohol) on plasma CETA are not synergistic nor additive but rather mutually suppressive. The alcohol-mediated inhibition of CE-transfer to chylomicrons maintains a higher plasma HDL-cholesterol concentration, which is athero-protective, although the suppressive metabolite underlying this correlation could be acetate, the terminal alcohol metabolite, other factors, including CETA inhibitors, are also likely important.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Gaubatz
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, United States
| | - Baiba K Gillard
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, United States.,Department of Medicine, Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX, 77030, United States
| | - Corina Rosales
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, United States.,Department of Medicine, Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX, 77030, United States
| | - Henry J Pownall
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, United States.,Department of Medicine, Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX, 77030, United States
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16
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Cardner M, Yalcinkaya M, Goetze S, Luca E, Balaz M, Hunjadi M, Hartung J, Shemet A, Kränkel N, Radosavljevic S, Keel M, Othman A, Karsai G, Hornemann T, Claassen M, Liebisch G, Carreira E, Ritsch A, Landmesser U, Krützfeldt J, Wolfrum C, Wollscheid B, Beerenwinkel N, Rohrer L, von Eckardstein A. Structure-function relationships of HDL in diabetes and coronary heart disease. JCI Insight 2020; 5:131491. [PMID: 31830004 PMCID: PMC7030825 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.131491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins (HDL) contain hundreds of lipid species and proteins and exert many potentially vasoprotective and antidiabetogenic activities on cells. To resolve structure-function-disease relationships of HDL, we characterized HDL of 51 healthy subjects and 98 patients with diabetes (T2DM), coronary heart disease (CHD), or both for protein and lipid composition, as well as functionality in 5 cell types. The integration of 40 clinical characteristics, 34 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) features, 182 proteins, 227 lipid species, and 12 functional read-outs by high-dimensional statistical modeling revealed, first, that CHD and T2DM are associated with different changes of HDL in size distribution, protein and lipid composition, and function. Second, different cellular functions of HDL are weakly correlated with each other and determined by different structural components. Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) was no proxy of other functions. Third, 3 potentially novel determinants of HDL function were identified and validated by the use of artificially reconstituted HDL, namely the sphingadienine-based sphingomyelin SM 42:3 and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-phospholipase D1 for the ability of HDL to inhibit starvation-induced apoptosis of human aortic endothelial cells and apolipoprotein F for the ability of HDL to promote maximal respiration of brown adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Cardner
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETH Zurich), Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mustafa Yalcinkaya
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Goetze
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology and
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Edlira Luca
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Monika Hunjadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Hartung
- Department of Cardiology, University Medicine Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Nicolle Kränkel
- Department of Cardiology, University Medicine Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silvija Radosavljevic
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michaela Keel
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alaa Othman
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gergely Karsai
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Hornemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Claassen
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Ritsch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ulf Landmesser
- Department of Cardiology, University Medicine Charité Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Krützfeldt
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Bernd Wollscheid
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology and
- Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Niko Beerenwinkel
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETH Zurich), Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Rohrer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Arnold von Eckardstein
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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17
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Liu Y, Izem L, Morton RE. Identification of a hormone response element that mediates suppression of APOF by LXR and PPARα agonists. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1865:158583. [PMID: 31812787 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2019.158583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein F (ApoF) regulates cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity. We previously observed that hepatic APOF mRNA levels are decreased by high fat, cholesterol-enriched diets. Here we show in human liver C3A cells that APOF mRNA levels are reduced by agonists of LXR and PPARα nuclear receptors. This negative regulation requires co-incubation with the RXR agonist, retinoic acid. Bioinformatic analysis of the ~2 kb sequence upstream of the APOF promoter identified one potential LXR and 4 potential PPARα binding sites clustered between nucleotides -2007 and -1961. ChIP analysis confirmed agonist-dependent binding of LXRα, PPARα, and RXRα to this hormone response element complex (HREc). A luciferase reporter containing the 2 kb 5' APOF sequence was negatively regulated by LXR and PPARα ligands as seen in cells. This regulation was maintained in constructs lacking the ~1700 nucleotides between the HREc and the APOF proximal promoter. Mutations of the HREc that disrupted LXRα and PPARα binding led to the loss of reporter construct inhibition by agonists of these nuclear receptors. siRNA knockdown studies showed that APOF gene regulation by LXRα or PPARα agonists did not require an interaction between these two nuclear receptors. Thus, APOF is subject to negative regulation by agonist-activated LXR or PPARα nuclear receptors binding to a regulatory element ~1900 bases 5' to the APOF promoter. High fat, cholesterol-enriched diets likely reduce APOF gene expression via these receptors interacting at this regulatory site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States of America
| | - Lahoucine Izem
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States of America
| | - Richard E Morton
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States of America.
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