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Li Y, Zhang L, Yang Y, Xiang S, Hu W. Addiction-Prone Personality and Creative Cognitive Styles: A Moderated Mediation Model of Novelty Seeking and Depression Tendency. Psychol Rep 2024; 127:1214-1236. [PMID: 36315897 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221137239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
This study attempted to examine the mechanism of the impact of Addiction-Prone Personality (APP) on creative cognitive styles (idea generation, idea selection), especially to explore the mediating role of novelty seeking and the moderating role of depression tendency on the relationship between APP and creative cognitive styles. College students (N = 576, 79% female) participated in and completed measures of APP, idea generation and selection, novelty seeking, and depression tendency. Results showed that (1) APP was positively related with idea generation while negatively related with idea selection; (2) novelty seeking played a partial mediating role in the relationship between APP and idea generation and a suppressing effect between APP and idea selection; (3) depression tendency moderated the indirect relationship between APP and creative cognitive styles through novelty seeking. Therefore, APP has different indirect effects on idea generation and idea selection via novelty seeking. When there was a higher depression tendency, there was a stronger indirect effect. The study highlights the significant importance of the underlying processes between APP and creative cognitive styles and offers implications for rethinking the relationship between addiction and creativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yilong Yang
- School of English Studies, Xi'an International Studies University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuoqi Xiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weiping Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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Wang L, Pei Y, Zhu Y, Long H, Pang W. The Moderation Effect of Approach Motivation Between Schizotypy and Creative Ideational Behavior. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:1947-1960. [PMID: 38742225 PMCID: PMC11090125 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s441013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The schizotypy-creativity link has been studied from different perspectives over the past few decades, yet the results of this relationship are inconsistent in the literature. Previous studies have suggested that two basic motivational systems-Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS, avoidance motivation) and Behavioral Activation System (BAS, approach motivation)-underlie the relationship between schizotypy and creativity. Few empirical studies, however, have examined how the relationship interacts with other variables. This study fills these gaps and explores the role of the approach and avoidance motivation assessed by trait behavioral activation and inhibition in the link between schizotypy as a dimensional personality trait and creative ideational behavior as a measure of creativity. Method Undergraduate students (N = 388) completed questionnaires including the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) measuring 3 dimensions of schizotypy, Runco Ideational Behavior Scale (RIBS) measuring creative ideational behavior, and BIS/BAS Scales measuring trait behavioral motivation. Bivariate Pearson correlation was computed, and hierarchical linear regression was performed to explore the effects of schizotypy, BIS/BAS, and their interaction on creative ideational behavior. The conditional effect of schizotypy based on different levels of the moderator was further tested. Results The total score, positive dimension and disorganized dimension of SPQ were all positively correlated with RIBS, BAS, and BIS. Negative dimension of SPQ was not significantly correlated with the RIBS score but was positively correlated with BIS. Additionally, after controlling gender and age, BAS significantly moderated the relationship between the positive and disorganized dimensions of schizotypy and creative ideational behavior measured by RIBS. However, BIS was not a significant moderator. Discussion The findings of this study regarding the relationships between different dimensions of schizotypy, two motivational systems, and creative ideational behavior were mostly consistent with previous findings. The significant moderated effect of BAS on the relationship between two dimensions of schizotypy and creative ideational behavior made significant contributions to the understanding of the relationship between schizotypy and creativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Wang
- Shanghai Teacher Institute, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yilai Pei
- China Institute of Education and Social Development, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanfei Zhu
- Shanghai Teacher Institute, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiying Long
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Weiguo Pang
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Perchtold‐Stefan CM, Rominger C, Fink A. Depressive Symptoms are Positively Linked to Malevolent Creativity: A Novel Perspective on the Maladaptive Nature of Revenge Ideation. JOURNAL OF CREATIVE BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/jocb.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
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4
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Translation and validation of the Chinese version of the Friedman life balance scale among nursing students: A psychometric analysis. Nurse Educ Pract 2023; 66:103505. [PMID: 36462275 DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2022.103505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To conduct a Chinese translation and validation of the Friedman Life Balance Scale (FLBS). BACKGROUND Prevalence of mental disorders is high among nursing students. Life balance is important for nursing students, which may help them increase efficiency in their studies and develop physical and psychological health. Yet, little is known about life balance in nursing students. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate the status of life balance of the students to lay the foundation for exploring its associated factors. DESIGN A multi-centre cross-sectional design. METHOD The study was comprised of 420 nursing students from 15 hospitals and two educational institutes in East, North and Northeast China from July 2021 to January 2022. The Chinese version of the FLBS was translated and adapted based on published, standardized, international guidelines. Psychometric evaluation included floor and ceiling effects, factorial validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, diagnosis accuracy and calibration. The tests used for validity included floor and ceiling effects, confirmatory factor analysis, average extracted variance (AVE) value, composite reliability, correlations with life satisfaction and subjective well-being. The tests used for reliability incudes Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients. Diagnosis accuracy was tested by the area under the curve and calibration was tested by Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test. RESULTS The Chinese version of the Friedman life balance scale did not demonstrate floor or ceiling effect, showing content validity is not limited. Confirmatory factor analysis showed acceptable model fit after it was modified. Convergent validity and discriminant validity of the Friedman life balance scale were supported, except subscales two and three were not discriminated well by AVE technique. The internal consistency was acceptable and the test-retest reliability was good with 0.858. The area under the curve was 0.762 and the optimal cut-off point for depressive symptoms was 44. Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed the calibration to be acceptable. Life balance is moderate among Chinese nursing students. The subscale "self-forgive, compassion, love" had the highest correlations with well-being and life satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS The Chinese version of the Friedman life balance scale is a suitable instrument for assessing life balance in Chinese-speaking contexts. It also may have potential utility in identifying nursing students with or without depressive symptoms that may need further examination. Future work should examine additional samples of Chinese nursing students, as well as, perhaps other student populations to determine the extent to which the psychometric properties of the FLBS generalize to other students and contexts.
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Gutterman D, Aafjes Van-Doorn K. An Exploration of the Intersection Between Creativity and Psychotherapy. CREATIVITY RESEARCH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10400419.2022.2127566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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6
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Greenwood TA, Chow LJ, Gur RC, Kelsoe JR. Bipolar spectrum traits and the space between Madness and Genius: The Muse is in the Dose. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 153:149-158. [PMID: 35816974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Creativity has long been associated with the bipolar spectrum, particularly among unaffected first-degree relatives and those with milder expressions of bipolar traits, suggesting that some aspects of the bipolar spectrum may confer advantages for creativity. Here we took a multifaceted approach to better define the shared vulnerability between creativity and bipolar disorder. We recruited 135 individuals with bipolar disorder, 102 creative controls, and 103 non-creative controls for a total of 340 participants. All participants completed a comprehensive assessment battery that included several self-report temperament and personality questionnaires, a computerized test of cognitive function across multiple domains, and an evaluation of creative performance and achievement. Significant group differences were observed for the hypothesized shared vulnerability traits of hypomanic personality, cyclothymic temperament, impulsivity, and positive schizotypy. While both the creative and bipolar groups demonstrated superior creative ability, the creative group alone revealed enhanced cognitive performance. Accounting for intercorrelations between traits, a combination of openness, hypomanic personality, divergent thinking, and reasoning ability emerged as the strongest predictors of creativity, collectively explaining 34% of the variance in creative achievement and correctly classifying 85% of individuals with high achievement irrespective of diagnosis. These results confirm and extend earlier observations of a shared vulnerability between creativity and bipolar disorder and suggest that mild to moderate expressions of bipolar spectrum traits are associated with enhanced cognitive functioning and creative expression. Further investigation of these traits is needed to clarify the nature of this shared vulnerability and suggest individualized treatment strategies to improve clinical outcomes in bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany A Greenwood
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Lauren J Chow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John R Kelsoe
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Wiseman R, Watt C. Experiencing the impossible and creativity: a targeted literature review. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13755. [PMID: 35880216 PMCID: PMC9308459 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous work suggests that unexpected and surprising experiences (e.g., living in another culture or looking at surreal images) promotes creative thinking. This targeted literature review examines whether the inherent cognitive disruption associated with experiencing the seemingly impossible has a similar effect. Correlational and experimental research across six domains (entertainment magic, fantasy play, virtual reality and computer gaming, dreaming, science fiction/fantasy, and anomalous experiences) provided consistent support for the hypothesis. In addition, anecdotal evidence illustrated the possible impact that the creative output associated with each of these areas may have had on technology, science, and the arts. It is argued that impossible experiences are an important driver of creative thinking, thus accounting for reports of such experiences across the lifespan and throughout history. The theoretical and practical implications of this work are discussed, along with recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Wiseman
- Department of Psychology, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline Watt
- School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom
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Shanok NA, Saldias-Manieu C, Mize KD, Chassin V, Jones NA. Mindfulness-Training in Preadolescents in School: The Role of Emotionality, EEG in Theta/Beta Bands, Creativity and Attention. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2022:10.1007/s10578-022-01318-7. [PMID: 35113301 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01318-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Mindfulness meditation is a means of increasing awareness of the present moment. Mindfulness Mediation Interventions (MMI) positively impact psychological functioning, yet the neurocognitive mechanisms that mediate these effects have been less well-defined. Here, the primary aim was to evaluate whether the effects of a 10-week MMI were mediated by changes in attention and creativity performance, as well as resting-state theta/beta (TB) ratio and alpha power. We also sought to determine whether any of these measures at baseline were predictive of mindfulness success, as rated by the 7-11-year-old participants and their teachers. Reductions in depression from pre-to-post were mediated by reductions in TB ratio and increases in alpha power; however, they were not mediated by attention/creativity changes. Higher baseline attention and creativity scores predicted enhanced mindfulness success post-intervention but notably, follow-up analyses revealed that those scoring lower on these measures were more likely to have reduced depression from pre-to-post.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel A Shanok
- Department of Behavioral Sciences/Neuroscience, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA.
| | - Camila Saldias-Manieu
- Department of Behavioral Sciences/Neuroscience, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - Krystal D Mize
- Department of Behavioral Sciences/Neuroscience, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - Victoria Chassin
- Department of Behavioral Sciences/Neuroscience, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - Nancy Aaron Jones
- Department of Behavioral Sciences/Neuroscience, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
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Devenney EM, Tu S, Caga J, Ahmed RM, Ramsey E, Zoing M, Kwok J, Halliday GM, Piguet O, Hodges JR, Kiernan MC. Neural mechanisms of psychosis vulnerability and perceptual abnormalities in the ALS-FTD spectrum. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2021; 8:1576-1591. [PMID: 34156763 PMCID: PMC8351398 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to (i) explore psychotic experiences across the entire amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-frontotemporal dementia (ALS-FTD) spectrum from a clinical and genetic perspective, (ii) determine the rate of abnormal perceptual experiences across the five sensory modalities and (iii) explore the neurobiological factors that lead to psychosis vulnerability in ALS-FTD. METHODS In a prospective case-controlled study design, 100 participants were enrolled including ALS (n = 37, 24% satisfied criteria for ALS-Plus), ALS-FTD (n = 11), bvFTD (n = 27) and healthy controls (n = 25). Psychotic experiences, perceptual abnormalities and psychosocial factors were determined by means of the clinical interview and carer and patient reports. Voxel-based morphometry analyses determined atrophy patterns in patients experiencing psychosis-like experiences and other perceptual abnormalities. RESULTS The rates of psychotic experiences and abnormalities of perception in each sensory modality were high across the entire ALS-FTD continuum. The rate was highest in those with C9orf72 expansions. Rates were also high in patients with pure ALS including psychosis measured by carer-based reports (18%) and self-report measures of psychotic-like experiences (21%). In an ENTER regression model, social anxiety and ACE-III scores were the best predictors of psychosis proneness, accounting for 44% of the score variance. Psychosis-like experiences and perceptual abnormalities were associated with a predominantly frontal and temporal pattern of atrophy that extended to the cerebellum and centred on the anterior thalamus. INTERPRETATION The model for psychosis proneness in ALS-FTD likely includes complex interactions between cognitive, social and neurobiological factors that determine vulnerability to psychosis and that may have relevance for individualised patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M. Devenney
- Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Translational Research CollectiveUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Sicong Tu
- Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Translational Research CollectiveUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Jashelle Caga
- Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Translational Research CollectiveUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Rebekah M. Ahmed
- Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Institute of Clinical NeurosciencesRoyal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Eleanor Ramsey
- Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Margie Zoing
- Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - John Kwok
- Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health School of Medical SciencesThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Glenda M. Halliday
- Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health School of Medical SciencesThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Olivier Piguet
- Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of Science, School of PsychologyThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its DisordersSydneyNSWAustralia
| | - John R. Hodges
- Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Matthew C. Kiernan
- Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Translational Research CollectiveUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
- Institute of Clinical NeurosciencesRoyal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyNSWAustralia
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Chen P, Zhang J, Li H, Fu M. Relationships between Parenting Behaviors and Adolescents' Creativity in China: The Mediating Role of Autonomous Motivation. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 155:457-472. [PMID: 33960913 DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2021.1902916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study used a two-wave, longitudinal design to examine the relationships between parenting behaviors (parental autonomy support, parental behavioral control, and parental psychological control) and Chinese adolescents' creativity, and the mechanism underlying the relationships. A total of 258 Chinese adolescents (mean age = 13.35, 48% girls) participated in the present study. The study measured the parenting behaviors received by the participants, their autonomous motivation, and creativity using the Parenting Scale, the Self-Regulatory Style Questionnaire-Academic, and the verbal and figural Divergent Thinking Tests, respectively. Structural equation models revealed that parental autonomy support and parental behavioral control had positive effects on Chinese adolescents' creativity one year later, whereas the relationship between parental psychological control and creativity one year later was not significant. In addition, parental autonomy support and parental behavioral control contributed to adolescents' creativity through the mediating effect of autonomous motivation. Findings from the present study help clarify developmental pathways linking parenting behaviors to adolescents' creativity in Chinese culture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hongxuan Li
- Shandong Normal University.,NO 3. Primary School of Yantai Etdz
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Acar S, Tadik H, Myers D, Sman C, Uysal R. Creativity and Well‐being: A Meta‐analysis. JOURNAL OF CREATIVE BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jocb.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Danielle Myers
- Buffalo State, State University of New York Buffalo NY USA
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Chen P, Zhang J. Development of Chinese Junior High School Students' Creative Potential: Within-Person and Between-Person Effects of Student-Student Support and Need for Cognition. Front Psychol 2020; 11:552831. [PMID: 33132961 PMCID: PMC7578343 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.552831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A longitudinal study was conducted to examine the developmental trend of creative potential in Chinese junior high school students and the within-person and between-person effects of student–student support and need for cognition. Two hundred and fourteen Chinese junior high school students participated in the present study (mean age = 13.29 years, SD = 0.49 years, 116 boys). Student–student support, need for cognition, and creative potential were measured once per year for 3 years. Longitudinal multilevel models indicated that (1) Chinese junior high school students’ creative potential showed a downward trend from grades 7 to 9; (2) at the within-person level, time-varying student–student support positively predicted time-varying creative potential; (3) at the within-person level, time-varying need for cognition moderated the positive link between time-varying student–student support and time-varying creative potential; and (4) at the between-person level, no support was found for the links between student–student support, need for cognition, and creative potential. Specifically, average levels of student–student support neither significantly predicted initial levels and developmental rates of creative potential nor moderated the links between average levels of student–student and initial levels and developmental rates of creative potential. The findings highlight that at the within-person and between-person levels, student–student support and need for cognition have differential influences on Chinese junior school students’ creative potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Chen
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinghuan Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Kim KH, Park SG. Relationship between Parents’ Cultural Values and Children’s Creativity. CREATIVITY RESEARCH JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10400419.2020.1821566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shin-Gyu Park
- Jikji Elementary School, Daegu National University of Education, Gimcheon, Korea
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Abstract
Bipolar disorder is a lifelong mood disorder characterized by extreme mood swings between mania and depression. Despite fitness costs associated with increased mortality and significant impairment, bipolar disorder has persisted in the population with a high heritability and a stable prevalence. Creativity and other positive traits have repeatedly been associated with the bipolar spectrum, particularly among unaffected first-degree relatives and those with milder expressions of bipolar traits. This suggests a model in which large doses of risk variants cause illness, but mild to moderate doses confer advantages, which serve to maintain bipolar disorder in the population. Bipolar disorder may thus be better conceptualized as a dimensional trait existing at the extreme of normal population variation in positive temperament, personality, and cognitive traits, aspects of which may reflect a shared vulnerability with creativity. Investigations of this shared vulnerability may provide insight into the genetic mechanisms underlying illness and suggest novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany A Greenwood
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA;
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15
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Kapoor H, Khan A. Creators and Presses: The Person–Situation Interaction in Negative Creativity. JOURNAL OF CREATIVE BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jocb.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Silver Lining Theories of Creativity: Commentary on “Why Being Bored Might Not Be a Bad Thing after All” by G. Park, B. Lim, and H. Oh. ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT DISCOVERIES 2019. [DOI: 10.5465/amd.2018.0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mélendez JC, Alfonso-Benlliure V, Mayordomo T. Idle minds are the devil's tools? Coping, depressed mood and divergent thinking in older adults. Aging Ment Health 2018; 22:1606-1613. [PMID: 29052429 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2017.1387765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The main aim was to test a causal relations model of the problem-focused and emotion-focused coping styles, depressed mood, and divergent thinking (DT) in older adults. It was hypothesized that both forms of coping would have a significant effect on predicting depressed mood, and that problem-focused coping and depressed mood would have a significant effect on DT. METHOD Participants were 135 subjects with ages ranging between 55 and 84 years old, who took part in a personal interview and filled out several questionnaires. The statistical analysis included structural equations models (SEM). RESULTS The initial model led to a final model endorsed by the goodness of fit, composite reliability, and discriminant validity indexes. This model confirms a direct relationship between the two types of coping strategies and depressed mood (with the opposite sign), but not between rational coping and DT. Finally, depressed mood was also confirmed as a mediator variable between coping and DT. CONCLUSION The type of coping is a clear predictor of mood in older adults. Advanced age decline is not necessarily translated into inefficacy in everyday problem solving especially in those who, through proble-focused coping, avoid depressed moods and maintain good levels of DT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Mélendez
- a Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology , University of Valencia , Valencia , Spain
| | - Vicente Alfonso-Benlliure
- a Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology , University of Valencia , Valencia , Spain
| | - Teresa Mayordomo
- b Department of Psychology , Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir , Valencia , Spain
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Acar S, Chen X, Cayirdag N. Schizophrenia and creativity: A meta-analytic review. Schizophr Res 2018; 195:23-31. [PMID: 28867517 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the relationship between creativity and schizophrenia with a 3-level multilevel meta-analytic approach. Analyses with 200 effect sizes obtained from 42 studies found a mean effect size of r=-0.324, 95%CI [-0.42, -0.23]. Further analyses focused on moderators and indicated that the relationship between schizophrenia and creativity is moderated by type of creativity measure, the content of creativity measure, the severity of schizophrenia, and patient status. The negative mean effect size was stronger with semantic-category or verbal-letter fluency tasks than the divergent thinking or associational measures. Performance on verbal measures of creativity was significantly lower than the nonverbal measures. When effect sizes were compared at different levels of severity, a stronger and more negative mean effect size was obtained at chronic schizophrenia than acute and early onset levels. Studies that involved inpatients had a significantly higher (more negative) mean effect size than those involving outpatients. When these findings are considered along with previous meta-analyses on the link between creativity and psychoticism and schizotypy, creativity and psychopathology seem to have an inverted-U relationship. A mild expression of schizophrenia symptoms may support creativity but a full demonstration of the symptoms undermines it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selcuk Acar
- International Center for Studies in Creativity, Buffalo State - State University of New York, United States.
| | - Xiao Chen
- International Center for Studies in Creativity, Buffalo State - State University of New York, United States.
| | - Nur Cayirdag
- International Center for Studies in Creativity, Buffalo State - State University of New York, United States.
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Vellante F, Sarchione F, Ebisch SJH, Salone A, Orsolini L, Marini S, Valchera A, Fornaro M, Carano A, Iasevoli F, Martinotti G, De Berardis D, Di Giannantonio M. Creativity and psychiatric illness: A functional perspective beyond chaos. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 80:91-100. [PMID: 28689007 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Vellante
- Department of Neurosciences Clinical Imaging, Chair of Psychiatry, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; NHS, Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagnosis and Treatment, Hospital "G. Mazzini", Asl 4, Teramo, Italy
| | - Fabiola Sarchione
- Department of Neurosciences Clinical Imaging, Chair of Psychiatry, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sjoerd J H Ebisch
- Department of Neurosciences Clinical Imaging, Chair of Psychiatry, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Anatolia Salone
- Department of Neurosciences Clinical Imaging, Chair of Psychiatry, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Laura Orsolini
- Polyedra Research Group, 64100 Teramo, Italy.; Villa S. Giuseppe Hospital, Hermanas Hospitalarias, Ascoli Piceno, Italy; School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Stefano Marini
- Department of Neurosciences Clinical Imaging, Chair of Psychiatry, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Michele Fornaro
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (NYPSI), Columbia University, NYC, NY, USA
| | - Alessandro Carano
- Department of Neurosciences Clinical Imaging, Chair of Psychiatry, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; NHS, Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagnosis and Treatment, Hospital "Maria SS del Soccorso", San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy
| | - Felice Iasevoli
- Polyedra Research Group, 64100 Teramo, Italy.; Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatogical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinotti
- Department of Neurosciences Clinical Imaging, Chair of Psychiatry, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Domenico De Berardis
- NHS, Department of Mental Health, Psychiatric Service of Diagnosis and Treatment, Hospital "G. Mazzini", Asl 4, Teramo, Italy; Department of Neurosciences Clinical Imaging, Chair of Psychiatry, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
| | - Massimo Di Giannantonio
- Department of Neurosciences Clinical Imaging, Chair of Psychiatry, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Taylor CL. Creativity and Mood Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2017; 12:1040-1076. [DOI: 10.1177/1745691617699653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although the belief that creativity is related to psychopathology is prevalent, empirical evidence is limited. Research findings relating to mood disorder in particular are mixed, possibly as a result of differing research approaches (e.g., assessing the creativity of individuals with versus without mood disorder opposed to the prevalence of mood disorder in creative versus noncreative individuals). Therefore, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to investigate prior research examining the link between mood disorder and creativity from three distinct research approaches. Multilevel random effects models were used to calculate the overall effect size for studies that assessed (a) creativity in a clinical versus nonclinical sample ( k = 13), (b) mood disorder in a creative versus noncreative sample ( k = 10), and (c) the correlation between dimensional measures of creativity and mood disorder symptoms ( k = 15). Potential moderators were examined using meta-regression and subgroup analyses, as significant heterogeneity was detected among the effects in all three analyses. Results reveal a differential strength and pattern of effects across the three analyses, suggesting that the relationship between creativity and mood disorder differs according to the research approach. The theoretical implications of results and potential mechanisms responsible for the relationship between creativity and mood disorder are discussed.
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Lindberg S, Jormfeldt H, Bergquist M. Unlocking design potential: Design with people diagnosed with schizophrenia. Inform Health Soc Care 2017; 44:31-47. [PMID: 28853962 DOI: 10.1080/17538157.2017.1363762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
With the expansion of e-health systems to more diverse and heterogeneous contexts and user groups, it is increasingly important to include users in design. Designers recognize the benefits of user participation, but including users with lowered cognitive and social abilities can be difficult. This paper intends to answer how these users can participate in the design of e-health systems. We conducted a case study with stakeholder interviews and design workshops with users diagnosed with schizophrenia to identify and overcome the challenges for participation. From the stakeholder interviews, we identified challenges relating to social interaction, technical experience, cognitive ability, and loss of individuality. We designed workshops that addressed these challenges and identify five strategies for unlocking the design potential of the participants: (1) work together with concrete materials and examples; (2) maintain a positive focus; (3) accept all ideas; (4) maintain and require realism; and (5) use previous interaction. We conclude that, when supported appropriately, it is possible to involve people diagnosed with schizophrenia. We also highlight the difficulty for someone not self-experienced to understand contexts as challenging and sensitive as this, and thus the value of user participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Lindberg
- a School of Information Technology , Halmstad University , Halmstad , Sweden
| | - Henrika Jormfeldt
- b School of Health and Welfare , Halmstad University , Halmstad , Sweden
| | - Magnus Bergquist
- a School of Information Technology , Halmstad University , Halmstad , Sweden
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Wang L, Xu X, Wang Q, Healey G, Su L, Pang W. Are Individuals with Schizophrenia or Schizotypy More Creative? Evidence from Multiple Tests of Creative Potential. CREATIVITY RESEARCH JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10400419.2017.1302777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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24
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Greenwood TA. Positive Traits in the Bipolar Spectrum: The Space between Madness and Genius. MOLECULAR NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2017; 2:198-212. [PMID: 28277566 PMCID: PMC5318923 DOI: 10.1159/000452416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder is a severe, lifelong mood disorder for which little is currently understood of the genetic mechanisms underlying risk. By examining related dimensional phenotypes, we may further our understanding of the disorder. Creativity has a historical connection with the bipolar spectrum and is particularly enhanced among unaffected first-degree relatives and those with bipolar spectrum traits. This suggests that some aspects of the bipolar spectrum may confer advantages, while more severe expressions of symptoms negatively influence creative accomplishment. Creativity is a complex, multidimensional construct with both cognitive and affective components, many of which appear to reflect a shared genetic vulnerability with bipolar disorder. It is suggested that a subset of bipolar risk variants confer advantages as positive traits according to an inverted-U-shaped curve with clinically unaffected allele carriers benefitting from the positive traits and serving to maintain the risk alleles in the population. The association of risk genes with creativity in healthy individuals (e.g., NRG1), as well as an overall sharing of common genetic variation between bipolar patients and creative individuals, provides support for this model. Current findings are summarized from a multidisciplinary perspective to demonstrate the feasibility of research in this area to reveal the mechanisms underlying illness.
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Llewellyn S. Crossing the invisible line: De-differentiation of wake, sleep and dreaming may engender both creative insight and psychopathology. Conscious Cogn 2016; 46:127-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Freiberg Hoffmann A, Fernández Liporace MM. Paradoxical Personality and Academic Achievement in College Students From Buenos Aires. EUROPES JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 11:597-618. [PMID: 27247680 PMCID: PMC4873078 DOI: 10.5964/ejop.v11i4.898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents a study on paradoxical personality, defined as a distinctive feature in creative persons, developed with 350 college students from Buenos Aires. Goals aimed at describing and analysing possible significant differences of paradoxical traits in students from diverse majors representing seven different fields of study, and examining the relationship between each bipolar trait and academic achievement. The sample was composed of 7 groups (n = 50 by group) representing fields of study typically offered in public universities, Biology, Computer Science, Engineering, Law, Nutrition, Psychology, and History of Art. Analyses by career provided descriptive information about students of these majors, concerning their paradoxical personality profiles. Correlational studies verified significant associations between academic achievement and most paradoxical traits in majors such as Computer Science, Nutrition and Psychology. Results are discussed regarding practical outcomes and teaching programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Freiberg Hoffmann
- National Council of Scientific and Technical Research, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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McCain J, Gentile B, Campbell WK. A Psychological Exploration of Engagement in Geek Culture. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142200. [PMID: 26580564 PMCID: PMC4651513 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Geek culture is a subculture of enthusiasts that is traditionally associated with obscure media (Japanese animation, science fiction, video games, etc.). However, geek culture is becoming increasingly mainstream; for example, in the past year alone, Dragon*Con, a major Geek convention in Atlanta, Georgia, attracted an attendance of over 57,000 members. The present article uses an individual differences approach to examine three theoretical accounts of geek culture. Seven studies (N = 2354) develop the Geek Culture Engagement Scale (GCES) to quantify geek engagement and assess its relationships to theoretically relevant personality and individual differences variables. These studies present evidence that individuals may engage in geek culture in order to maintain narcissistic self-views (the great fantasy migration hypothesis), to fulfill belongingness needs (the belongingness hypothesis), and to satisfy needs for creative expression (the need for engagement hypothesis). Geek engagement is found to be associated with elevated grandiose narcissism, extraversion, openness to experience, depression, and subjective well-being across multiple samples. These data lay the groundwork for further exploration of geek culture as well as provide a foundation for examining other forms of subculture participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica McCain
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Brittany Gentile
- Outcomes Research, ICON plc, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - W. Keith Campbell
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
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Varrone A, Svenningsson P, Marklund P, Fatouros-Bergman H, Forsberg A, Halldin C, Nilsson LG, Farde L. 5-HT1B receptor imaging and cognition: a positron emission tomography study in control subjects and Parkinson's disease patients. Synapse 2015; 69:365-74. [PMID: 25914348 DOI: 10.1002/syn.21823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The serotonin 5-HT1B receptor subtype is involved in the modulation of serotonin release and is a target of interest for neuroreceptor imaging. Previous studies have shown that the serotonin system is affected in Parkinson's disease (PD). Cognitive function, frequently impaired in PD, has been linked to the serotonin system. The aim of this study was to examine whether 5-HT1B receptor availability in the brain of healthy subjects and PD patients is associated with measures of cognitive function. METHODS Twelve control subjects and ten PD patients with normal mini-mental state examination scores were included in this study. Cognitive function was evaluated by assessment of semantic, episodic, and working memory, as well as fluency and visual attention. Creative ability, a measure of divergent thinking, was examined with the alternative uses of objects task. PET measurements were performed with the 5-HT1B receptor-radioligand [(11) C]AZ10419369 using the HRRT system. RESULTS PD patients showed statistically significant lower measures of semantic and episodic memory, as well as creative ability, compared with control subjects. Statistically significant positive correlations were found in control subjects between creative ability and average 5-HT1B receptor availability in grey matter, and in PD patients between scores of Beck Depression Inventory-II and creative ability. CONCLUSION Though creativity has been conventionally linked to dopamine function, our findings in control subjects suggest a link between 5-HT1B receptor availability and creative ability. In PD patients, creative ability was significantly associated with depressive symptoms but not with 5-HT1B receptor availability. This finding deserves further investigation in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Varrone
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stockholm Brain Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Svenningsson
- Stockholm Brain Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Marklund
- Stockholm Brain Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Helena Fatouros-Bergman
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anton Forsberg
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christer Halldin
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stockholm Brain Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars-Göran Nilsson
- Stockholm Brain Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Lars Farde
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stockholm Brain Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,AstraZeneca Translational Science Center at Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
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Park HRP, Kirk IJ, Waldie KE. Neural correlates of creative thinking and schizotypy. Neuropsychologia 2015; 73:94-107. [PMID: 25979607 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Empirical studies indicate a link between creativity and schizotypal personality traits, where individuals who score highly on schizotypy measures also display greater levels of creative behaviour. However, the exact nature of this relationship is not yet clear, with only a few studies examining this association using neuroimaging methods. In the present study, the neural substrates of creative thinking were assessed with a drawing task paradigm in healthy individuals using fMRI. These regions were then statistically correlated with the participants' level of schizotypy as measured by the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Feelings and Experiences (O-LIFE), which is a questionnaire consisting of four dimensions. Neural activations associated with the creativity task were observed in bilateral inferior temporal gyri, left insula, left parietal lobule, right angular gyrus, as well as regions in the prefrontal cortex. This widespread pattern of activation suggests that creative thinking utilises multiple neurocognitive networks, with creative production being the result of collaboration between these regions. Furthermore, the correlational analyses found the Unusual Experiences factor of the O-LIFE to be the most common dimension associated with these areas, followed by the Impulsive Nonconformity dimension. These correlations were negative, indicating that individuals who scored the highest in these factors displayed the least amount of activation when performing the creative task. This is in line with the idea that 'less is more' for creativity, where the deactivation of specific cortical areas may facilitate creativity. Thus, these findings contribute to the evidence of a common neural basis between creativity and schizotypy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haeme R P Park
- Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, School of Psychology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Ian J Kirk
- Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, School of Psychology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Karen E Waldie
- Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, School of Psychology, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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Abstract
A long-standing tradition in personality research in psychology, and nowadays increasingly in psychiatry, is that psychotic and psychotic-like thoughts are considered common experiences in the general population. Given their widespread occurrence, such experiences cannot merely reflect pathological functioning. Moreover, reflecting the multi-dimensionality of schizotypy, some dimensions might be informative for healthy functioning while others less so. Here, we explored these possibilities by reviewing research that links schizotypy to favorable functioning such as subjective wellbeing, cognitive functioning (major focus on creativity), and personality correlates. This research highlights the existence of healthy people with psychotic-like traits who mainly experience positive schizotypy (but also affective features mapping onto bipolar disorder). These individuals seem to benefit from a healthy way to organize their thoughts and experiences, that is, they employ an adaptive cognitive framework to explain and integrate their unusual experiences. We conclude that, instead of focusing only on the pathological, future studies should explore the behavioral, genetic, imaging, and psychopharmacological correlates that define the healthy expression of psychotic-like traits. Such studies would inform on protective or compensatory mechanisms of psychosis-risk and could usefully inform us on the evolutionary advantages of the psychosis dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Mohr
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Gordon Claridge
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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31
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Wesnousky AE, Oettingen G, Gollwitzer PM. Holding a silver lining theory: When negative attributes heighten performance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bilder RM, Knudsen KS. Creative cognition and systems biology on the edge of chaos. Front Psychol 2014; 5:1104. [PMID: 25324809 PMCID: PMC4179729 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Bilder
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA, USA ; Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA, USA ; Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kendra S Knudsen
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Drus M, Kozbelt A, Hughes RR. Creativity, Psychopathology, and Emotion Processing: A Liberal Response Bias for Remembering Negative Information is Associated with Higher Creativity. CREATIVITY RESEARCH JOURNAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10400419.2014.929400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Toward an Integrative Model of Creativity and Personality: Theoretical Suggestions and Preliminary Empirical Testing. JOURNAL OF CREATIVE BEHAVIOR 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jocb.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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What are the neurocognitive correlates of basic self-disturbance in schizophrenia? Integrating phenomenology and neurocognition: Part 2 (aberrant salience). Schizophr Res 2014; 152:20-7. [PMID: 23863772 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2013.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Phenomenological research indicates that disturbance of the basic sense of self may be a core phenotypic marker of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Basic self-disturbance refers to disruption of the sense of ownership of experience and agency of action and is associated with a variety of anomalous subjective experiences. Little is known about the neurocognitive underpinnings of basic self-disturbance. In these two theoretical papers (of which this is Part 2), we review some recent phenomenological and neurocognitive research and point to a convergence of these approaches around the concept of self-disturbance. Specifically, we propose that subjective anomalies associated with basic self-disturbance may be associated with: 1. source monitoring deficits, which may contribute particularly to disturbances of "ownership" and "mineness" (the phenomenological notion of presence or self-affection) and 2. aberrant salience, and associated disturbances of memory, prediction and attention processes, which may contribute to hyper-reflexivity, disturbed "grip" or "hold" on perceptual and conceptual fields, and disturbances of intuitive social understanding ("common sense"). In this paper (Part 2) we focus on aberrant salience. Part 1 (this issue) addressed source monitoring deficits. Empirical studies are required in a variety of populations in order to test these proposed associations between phenomenological and neurocognitive aspects of self-disturbance in schizophrenia. An integration of findings across the phenomenological and neurocognitive "levels" would represent a significant advance in the understanding of schizophrenia and possibly enhance early identification and intervention strategies.
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Michalica K, Hunt H. Creativity, Schizotypicality, and Mystical Experience: An Empirical Study. CREATIVITY RESEARCH JOURNAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10400419.2013.813780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Gill P, Horgan J, Hunter ST, D. Cushenbery L. Malevolent Creativity in Terrorist Organizations. JOURNAL OF CREATIVE BEHAVIOR 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jocb.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Fulford D, Feldman G, Tabak BA, McGillicuddy M, Johnson SL. Positive Affect Enhances the Association of Hypomanic Personality and Cognitive Flexibility. Int J Cogn Ther 2013; 6:1-16. [PMID: 24049557 DOI: 10.1521/ijct.2013.6.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Several lines of research have suggested a link between mania and creativity, The goal of the present study was to test whether positive affect moderated the relationship between risk for mania (assessed with the Hypomanic Personality Scale [HPS]) and a variable postulated to be a cognitive component of creativity: cognitive flexibility. Fifty-three undergraduate students were randomly assigned to either a neutral or positive mood induction condition. They then completed the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (DKEFS) Sorting Test as a measure of cognitive flexibility. Consistent with our hypothesis, higher HPS scores were associated with greater cognitive flexibility among participants in the positive mood induction condition. Covariate analyses revealed that results were not confounded by verbal intelligence or the presence of current depression symptoms. Our findings suggest a mood-dependent link between hypomanic personality and one potential component of creative cognition.
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Drapeau CW, DeBrule DS. The Relationship of Hypomania, Creativity, and Suicidal Ideation in Undergraduates. CREATIVITY RESEARCH JOURNAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10400419.2013.752231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Differential effects of cognitive inhibition and intelligence on creativity. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2012; 53-334:480-485. [PMID: 22945970 PMCID: PMC3387381 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2012.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 04/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
There are different conceptions about how cognitive inhibition is related to creativity. Creativity has either been associated with effective inhibition, or with disinhibition, or with an adaptive engagement of inhibition. In this study, we examined the relationship of cognitive inhibition, assessed by means of the random motor generation task, with different measures of creativity. We also analyzed whether this relation is mediated by intelligence. We generally found a positive correlation of inhibition and creativity measures. Moreover, latent variable analyses indicate that inhibition may primarily promote the fluency of ideas, whereas intelligence specifically promotes the originality of ideas. These findings support the notion that creative thought involves executive processes and may help to better understand the differential role of inhibition and intelligence in creativity.
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Armstrong D. The Contributions of Creative Cognition and Schizotypal Symptoms to Creative Achievement. CREATIVITY RESEARCH JOURNAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10400419.2012.677329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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GUASTELLO STEPHENJ, GUASTELLO DENISED, HANSON CASEYA. Creativity, Mood Disorders, and Emotional Intelligence. JOURNAL OF CREATIVE BEHAVIOR 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2162-6057.2004.tb01244.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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43
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PAPWORTH MARKA, JORDAN GABRIELE, BACKHOUSE CATHERINE, EVANS NICOLA, KENT-LEMON NICOLA, MORRIS JENNIFER, WINCHESTER KENNETHJG. Artists' vulnerability to psychopathology: Towards an integrative cognitive perspective. JOURNAL OF CREATIVE BEHAVIOR 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2162-6057.2008.tb01292.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Johnson SL, Murray G, Fredrickson B, Youngstrom EA, Hinshaw S, Bass JM, Deckersbach T, Schooler J, Salloum I. Creativity and bipolar disorder: touched by fire or burning with questions? Clin Psychol Rev 2011; 32:1-12. [PMID: 22088366 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2011] [Revised: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Substantial literature has linked bipolar disorder with creative accomplishment. Much of the thinking in this area has been inspired by biographical accounts of poets, musicians, and other highly accomplished groups, which frequently document signs of bipolar disorder in these samples. A smaller literature has examined quantitative measures of creativity among people with bipolar disorder or at risk for the disorder. In this paper, we provide a critical review of such evidence. We then consider putative mechanisms related to the link of bipolar disorder with creativity, by drawing on literature outside of bipolar disorder on personality, motivational, and affective predictors of creativity. Because so little research has directly evaluated whether these factors could help explain the elevations of creativity in bipolar disorder, we conclude with an agenda for future research on the theoretically and clinically compelling topic of creativity in bipolar disorder.
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Lindell AK. Lateral thinkers are not so laterally minded: Hemispheric asymmetry, interaction, and creativity. Laterality 2010; 16:479-98. [DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2010.497813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Humphrey MK, Bryson FM, Grimshaw GM. Metaphor processing in high and low schizotypal individuals. Psychiatry Res 2010; 178:290-4. [PMID: 20493534 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2008] [Revised: 06/09/2009] [Accepted: 06/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Two hypotheses were considered regarding the relationship between positive schizotypy and metaphor processing. On the basis of continuity between schizophrenia and schizotypy, high schizotypal individuals would be expected to be impaired at metaphor processing. However, given the right hemisphere processing bias that has been associated with positive schizotypy, they would be expected to be superior at metaphor processing. A story completion task in which participants judged the appropriateness of literal and metaphoric statements was administered to 30 high and 29 low schizotypal individuals. Contrary to both hypotheses, groups did not differ in their ability to discriminate between appropriate and inappropriate statements, whether literal or metaphoric. However, the high schizotypal group demonstrated a less conservative response bias; they were more likely than the low schizotypal group to identify a statement as appropriate, whether it was or was not. Implications of these results for our understanding of language processing in schizophrenia and schizotypy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan K Humphrey
- School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Furnham A, Nederstrom M. Ability, demographic and personality predictors of creativity. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2010.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Schizotypy and affective temperament: Relationships with divergent thinking and creativity styles. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2009.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Claridge G, McDonald A. An investigation into the relationships between convergent and divergent thinking, schizotypy, and autistic traits. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2009.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Personality and ability predictors of the “Consequences” Test of divergent thinking in a large non-student sample. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2008.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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