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Fiorini Bincoletto A, Zanini L, Spitoni GF, Lingiardi V. Negative and positive ageism in an Italian sample: how ageist beliefs relate to epistemic trust, psychological distress, and well-being. RESEARCH IN PSYCHOTHERAPY (MILANO) 2023; 26:676. [PMID: 37503673 PMCID: PMC10483480 DOI: 10.4081/ripppo.2023.676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Ageism is a social issue of growing concern; ageist beliefs can shape the individual and collective experience of aging. The present study aimed to explore positive and negative ageism in young adults (YA) (18-30 years) and adults (AD) (31-60 years) and their relationship with epistemic trust, psychological distress, and psychological well-being. 301 Italian adult participants completed an online survey that included the following self-report questionnaires: attitudes towards older people scale, epistemic trust, mistrust and credulity questionnaire, depression anxiety stress scale-21, and Warwick-Edinburgh mental wellbeing scale. Negative ageism was significantly higher in YA compared to AD; on the contrary, AD presented more positive ageism than YA. When considering the entire sample, negative ageism was correlated with various dimensions of psychological distress and epistemic trust. A mediation model revealed that epistemic mistrust fully mediated the relationship between age and negative ageism, suggesting that changes in ageist beliefs that seem to occur with age are mediated by a mistrustful epistemic stance. Future research should focus on further exploring the link between epistemic trust, mental health, and holding ageist beliefs. The results are also discussed in terms of their implications for the treatment of older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ludovica Zanini
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome.
| | - Grazia Fernanda Spitoni
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome.
| | - Vittorio Lingiardi
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome.
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2
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Maoulida H, Madhukar M, Celume MP. A Case Study of 21st Century Cognitive, Social and Emotional Competencies Using Online-Learning. J Intell 2023; 11:116. [PMID: 37367518 DOI: 10.3390/jintelligence11060116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the conceptualisation of the 21st Century Competencies Framework from the Center for Curriculum Redesign (CCR) we developed an online program to enable school-age students to increase their level on several social-emotional competencies. BE organized is a program that aims to help students to better organize themselves to be more efficient in today's and tomorrow's world. To do so, 12 individual sessions were designed to develop 4 out of the twelve 21st century competencies: Critical Thinking, Mindfulness, Resilience and Metacognition; collective sessions (action lab) to develop others such as Creativity. We used a mixed methodology, i.e., quantitative (two questionnaires) and qualitative (reflective questions) evaluation to test whether the targeted competencies have been developed during this program. Preliminary results (since it involves only a small number of participants, n = 27) partially confirm our hypotheses. Both qualitative and quantitative data show a development of critical thinking; the cross-sectional results are more mixed for the other three targeted competencies. Moreover, some other competencies, such as Creativity and Growth Mindset, seem to be developed during this program. However, it is difficult to determine whether it is the group and/or individual sessions that are responsible for these non-targeted competencies development. These results will be discussed in relation to the youth literature on 21st century competency and the broader literature on socio-emotional learning (SEL) and/or emotional intelligence (EI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Haïfat Maoulida
- Laboratoire de Psychologie et d'Ergonomie Appliquées (LaPEA, UMR 7708T), Institut de Psychologie, Université de Paris Cité, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
- Beyond Education, Learning Planet Institute (LPI, ex CRI), 75004 Paris, France
| | - Manisha Madhukar
- Beyond Education, Learning Planet Institute (LPI, ex CRI), 75004 Paris, France
| | - Macarena-Paz Celume
- Centre de Recherche en Psychologie de la Connaissance, du Langage et de l'Émotion (Centre PsyCLE, EA 3273), Institut Créativité et Innovations, Université Aix-Marseille, 13385 Marseille, France
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3
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Teh WL, Abdin E, P V A, Siva Kumar FD, Roystonn K, Wang P, Shafie S, Chang S, Jeyagurunathan A, Vaingankar JA, Sum CF, Lee ES, van Dam RM, Subramaniam M. Measuring social desirability bias in a multi-ethnic cohort sample: its relationship with self-reported physical activity, dietary habits, and factor structure. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:415. [PMID: 36859251 PMCID: PMC9979418 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social desirability bias is one of the oldest forms of response bias studied in social sciences. While individuals may feel the need to fake good or bad answers in response to sensitive or intrusive questions, it remains unclear how rampant such a bias is in epidemiological research pertaining to self-reported lifestyle indicators in a multicultural Asian context. The main purpose of the current study is, therefore, to examine the sociodemographic correlates and impact of social desirability responding on self-reported physical activity and dietary habits at an epidemiological scale in a non-western multi-cultural Asian setting. METHODS Prior to the main analyses, confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were conducted to determine the factorial validity of a western derived concept of social desirability. Multiple regression analyses were conducted on cross-sectional data (n = 2995) extracted from a nationwide survey conducted between 2019 and 2020. RESULTS A unique factor structure of social desirability was found and was therefore used for subsequent analyses. Multiple regression analyses revealed older age groups, the Indian ethnic group, those with past or present marriages, and having no income, had a significantly greater tendency to act on the bias. CONCLUSION The construct of social desirability bias was fundamentally different in a multicultural context than previously understood. Only a small proportion of variance of self-report lifestyle scores was explained by social desirability, thus providing support for data integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Lin Teh
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Edimansyah Abdin
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Asharani P V
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fiona Devi Siva Kumar
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kumarasan Roystonn
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peizhi Wang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saleha Shafie
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sherilyn Chang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anitha Jeyagurunathan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Chee Fang Sum
- Admiralty Medical Centre, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 676 Woodlands Drive 71, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng Sing Lee
- National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, 3 Fusionopolis Link. Nexus@One-North, Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, Singapore, Singapore.,Departments of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences and Epidemiology, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Ave NW, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Mythily Subramaniam
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
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Huang YH, Huang YT, Yen NS. Interoceptive sensibility differentiates the predictive pattern of emotional reactivity on depression. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1011584. [PMID: 36936002 PMCID: PMC10017445 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1011584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of emotional reactivity in the psychopathology of depression has been studied widely but not comprehensively. Inconsistencies in existing literature indicate the presence of other factors may affect this dynamic. An individual's method of processing their physiological sensations is a third variable because emotions are psychophysiological. This study identified the predictiveness of ease of activation, intensity, and duration of negative and positive emotions on depressive symptoms differentiated by interoceptive sensibility (IS). A total of 270 community participants filled-in questionnaires assessing their IS, habitual emotional reactivity, depressive severity, and response bias. A two-step clustering analysis identified the IS characteristics. Negative and positive reactivity models among each IS cluster were tested using bootstrapping regression, controlling for gender and response bias. IS can be clustered into "high IS," "low IS," and "worriers." Both positive and negative reactivity's predictiveness patterns on depression were different between IS clusters. Lower positive reactivity predicted depression among individuals with low IS (harder to activate positive emotions) and worriers (shorter duration of positive emotions) but not among individuals with high IS. Those with high IS also exhibited the highest positive reactivity. Ease of activating negative emotions predicted depression among high IS individuals, and a longer duration of negative emotions predicted depression among worriers. IS may affect the psychopathology of depression through subjective emotional reactivity. Thus, IS characteristics can be incorporated into intervention plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hsin Huang
- Department of Psychology, Fo Guang University, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Huang
- Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Shing Yen
- Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Nai-Shing Yen,
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Yajima N, Kawaguchi T, Takahashi R, Nishiwaki H, Toyoshima Y, Oh K, Odai T, Kanai T, Morisky DE, Yamaguchi T, Kasama T. Adherence to methotrexate and associated factors considering social desirability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a multicenter cross-sectional study. BMC Rheumatol 2022; 6:75. [PMID: 36527156 PMCID: PMC9758812 DOI: 10.1186/s41927-022-00305-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessing medication adherence in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is clinically significant as low adherence is associated with high disease activity. Self-reported medication adherence surveys have been shown to have problems with overestimation of adherence due to social desirability bias. However, no MTX adherence studies adjusted for social desirability have been conducted to date. This study aimed to evaluate adherence to MTX and perform an investigatory search for factors associated with MTX adherence including social desirability. METHODS This cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted among adult RA patients consuming oral MTX for ≥ 3 months. We examined the distribution of MTX adherence, according to the eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Social desirability was using the Social Desirability Scale (SDS). Furthermore, an exploratory factor analysis involving social desirability was examined to identify factors associated with MTX adherence using linear regression analysis. To deal with missing values, we used multiple imputations with chained equations methods. RESULTS A total of 165 RA patients were enrolled. The median age was 64 years, and 86.1% were women. Based on the MMAS-8, low, medium, and high adherences were noted in 12.1%, 60.0%, and 27.9% of participants, respectively. High social desirability (coefficient, 0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.05-0.23; p < 0.05) and high age (coefficient per 10 years, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.01-0.03; p < 0.05) were associated with high MTX adherence, whereas full-time work was negatively associated with high MTX adherence (coefficient, -0.50; 95% CI, -0.95--0.05; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS A large proportion of patients with RA do not take MTX as prescribed. High social desirability, high educational level, and non-full-time work may be associated with high MTX adherence. Physicians should confirm MTX adherence before switching or adding disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in cases of uncontrolled disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Yajima
- grid.410714.70000 0000 8864 3422Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666 Japan ,grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan ,grid.411582.b0000 0001 1017 9540Center for Innovative Research for Communities and Clinical Excellence, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takashi Kawaguchi
- grid.410785.f0000 0001 0659 6325Department of Practical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Takahashi
- grid.410714.70000 0000 8864 3422Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666 Japan
| | - Hiroki Nishiwaki
- grid.412808.70000 0004 1764 9041Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Japan ,grid.410714.70000 0000 8864 3422Showa University Research Administration Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Toyoshima
- grid.412812.c0000 0004 0443 9643Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koei Oh
- grid.482675.a0000 0004 1768 957XDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Odai
- grid.482675.a0000 0004 1768 957XDepartment of Internal Medicine, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan ,Department of Rheumatology, Yokohama Asahi Central General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kanai
- Department of Nephrology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Donald E. Morisky
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Community Health Sciences, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Takuhiro Yamaguchi
- grid.69566.3a0000 0001 2248 6943Division of Biostatistics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kasama
- grid.410714.70000 0000 8864 3422Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666 Japan
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Do alexithymia and negative affect predict poor sleep quality? The moderating role of interoceptive sensibility. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275359. [PMID: 36191028 PMCID: PMC9529110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Emotion-related hyperarousal is an important core pathology of poor sleep. Studies investigating the interplay of alexithymia and affective experiences in determining sleep quality have yielded mixed results. To disentangle the inconsistency, this study examined the concurrent predictive power of alexithymia, and negative and positive affect, while incorporating interoceptive sensibility (IS) as a possible moderator. METHODS A sample of 224 (70.10% were female) participants completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA), and Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (for controlling response bias) using paper and pencil. A two-stage cluster analysis of the MAIA was used to capture IS characteristics. Stepwise regression was conducted separately for each IS cluster. RESULTS A three-group structure for IS characteristics was found. Higher alexithymia was predictive of poor sleep quality in the low IS group, while higher negative affect predicted poor sleep quality in the moderate and high IS groups. Additionally, alexithymia and positive affect were significantly different in the three IS groups, while negative affect and sleep quality were not. CONCLUSIONS Emotion and cognitive arousal may impact sleep quality differently in individuals with different levels of internal focusing ability, depending on physiological versus emotional self-conceptualization. The implications on pathological research, clinical intervention, study limitations and future directions are discussed.
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Poder TG, carrier N, Camden C, Roy M. Women's preferences for water immersion during labor and birth: Results from a discrete choice experiment. Midwifery 2022; 114:103451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2022.103451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Bernardi RA, Nash J. The importance and efficacy of controlling for social desirability response bias. ETHICS & BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2022.2093201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan Nash
- Peter T. Paul College of Business and Economics, University of New Hampshire
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9
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Cain P, Donaghue N, Ditchburn G. Development and validation of the Fat Attitudes Assessment Toolkit (FAAT): A multidimensional nonstigmatizing measure of contemporary attitudes toward fatness and fat people. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Cain
- School of Nursing and Midwifery Edith Cowan University Joondalup Australia
| | - Ngaire Donaghue
- School of Humanities University of Tasmania Hobart Australia
| | - Graeme Ditchburn
- College of Science, health, Engineering and Education Murdoch University Perth Australia
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10
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Pompeo-Fargnoli A. Mental health stigma among college students: misperceptions of perceived and personal stigmas. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:1030-1039. [PMID: 32703102 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1784904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between college student perceived and personal mental health stigmas. Participants: A sample of 352 undergraduate college students from two large Universities in the Eastern United States was utilized. Methodology: A self-report anonymous online survey was utilized. The survey contained demographics as well as questions to assess participant levels of perceived stigma, personal stigma, and social desirability.ResultsResults revealed that college student perceived stigma was significantly greater than personal stigma, and that perceived stigma and personal stigma were significantly and positively correlated. Conclusions: Overall findings suggest a misperception of campus mental health stigma levels. Based upon these student misperceptions of stigma, best practices for addressing stigma within the clinical setting are discussed. Overall implications for college counseling centers are presented, including campus outreach strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyson Pompeo-Fargnoli
- Department of Educational Counseling and Leadership, Monmouth University, West Long Branch, NJ, USA
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Nurumov K, Hernández-Torrano D, Ait Si Mhamed A, Ospanova U. Measuring Social Desirability in Collectivist Countries: A Psychometric Study in a Representative Sample From Kazakhstan. Front Psychol 2022; 13:822931. [PMID: 35465473 PMCID: PMC9020785 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.822931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Social desirability bias (SDB) is a pervasive measurement challenge in the social sciences and survey research. More clarity is needed to understand the performance of social desirability scales in diverse groups, contexts, and cultures. The present study aims to contribute to the international literature on social desirability measurement by examining the psychometric performance of a short version of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MCSDS) in a nationally representative sample of teachers in Kazakhstan. A total of 2,461 Kazakhstani teachers completed the MCSDS - Form C in their language of choice (i.e., Russian or Kazakh). The results failed to support the theoretical unidimensionality of the original scale. Instead, the results of Random Intercept Item Factor Analysis model suggest that the scale answers depend more on the method factor rather than the substantial factor that represents SDB. In addition, an alternative explanation indicates that the scale seems better suited to measuring two SDB correlated factors: attribution and denial. Internal consistency coefficients demonstrated unsatisfactory reliability scores for the two factors. The Kazakhstani version of the MCSDS - Form C was invariant across geographic location (i.e., urban vs. rural), language (i.e., Kazakh vs. Russian), and partially across age groups. However, no measurement invariance was demonstrated for gender. Despite these limitations, the analysis of the Kazakhstani version of the MCSDS - Form C presented in this study constitutes a first step in facilitating further research and measurement of SDB in post-Soviet Kazakhstan and other collectivist countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali Ait Si Mhamed
- Graduate School of Education, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
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The Relative Role of Knowledge and Empathy in Predicting Pro-Environmental Attitudes and Behavior. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14084622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Planet Earth is undergoing unprecedented levels of environmental degradation and destruction at a global scale. Incentivizing people to adopt behaviors that are compatible with a sustainable future will help address the current ecological crisis. However, it is first necessary to understand the psychological drivers of pro-environmental behavior. Here, we examined whether greater levels of environmental knowledge and empathy predicted higher levels of pro-environmental behavior in an Australian population sample. We aimed to advance our understanding of the psychological variables that motivate people to act in pro-environmental ways, while also advancing the ongoing debate amongst conservation scientists regarding the relative importance of fostering empathy. Correlational analyses revealed that objective, verifiable knowledge was a strong predictor of pro-environmental attitudes and behavior. Empathy also correlated positively with pro-environmental attitudes and behavior, but with a dissociation with respect to its cognitive and affective components. Multivariate analyses revealed that knowledge was a stronger predictor of both pro-environmental attitudes and behavior after controlling for individual variation in cognitive and affective empathy. This finding casts doubt on the claim by compassionate conservationists that fostering empathy is the key to solving the current environmental conservation crisis. Future research should aim to extend the present findings by testing whether a more exhaustive test of participants’ environmental knowledge and other measures of empathy, including empathic competencies and the recently developed Emotional and Cognitive Scale of the Human–Nature Relationship (ECS-HNR), yield the same dominance of knowledge over empathy.
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13
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Tan HC, Ho JA, Kumarusamy R, Sambasivan M. Measuring social desirability bias: Do the full and short versions of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability scale matter? J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics 2021; 17:382-400. [PMID: 34612754 DOI: 10.1177/15562646211046091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Given the sensitive nature of ethics research, the presence of social desirability bias (SDB) threatens the validity of research findings. As ethics studies often overlook this bias, we aimed to provide evidence that SDB varies across individual and situational factors. We thus investigated the influence of socio-demographic factors and survey modes on SDB. A total of 348 working adults were randomly chosen to participate in either an on-line or off-line survey containing eight versions of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability (MCSD) scale. The reliabilities for the eight versions ranged from 0.35 to 0.81. Statistical tests revealed that different socio-demographic factors influence different versions of the MCSD scale. The results also showed that using on-line surveys minimizes SDB. This study provides practical implications and suggestions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houng Chien Tan
- Faculty of Accountancy, Finance and Business, 61777Tunku Abdul Rahman University College, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jo Ann Ho
- School of Business and Economics, 37449Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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14
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Nicolini P, Abbate C, Inglese S, Mari D, Rossi PD, Cesari M. Socially desirable responding in geriatric outpatients with and without mild cognitive impairment and its association with the assessment of self-reported mental health. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:494. [PMID: 34525955 PMCID: PMC8442330 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02435-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Socially desirable responding is a potentially relevant issue in older adults and can be evaluated with the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MCSDS). However, the eight-item MCSDS has never been specifically administered to geriatric subjects, and there is a dearth of literature on the relationship between social desirability and cognitive impairment. Also, the connection between social desirability and subjective measures of psychological well-being is a matter of controversy. This study has three main aims. First, to determine the psychometric properties of the eight-item MCSDS in geriatric outpatients without dementia (i.e. with normal cognition (NC) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI)). Second, to investigate the link between social desirability and cognitive functioning. Third, to determine the association between social desirability and the assessment of self-reported mental health. Methods Community-dwelling outpatients (aged ≥ 65) were consecutively recruited and neuropsychologically tested to diagnose NC or MCI (n = 299). Social desirability was assessed with the eight-item MCSDS. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured with the short Geriatric Depression (GDS-s) and the State-Trait Personality Inventory Trait Anxiety (STPI-TA) scales. Results On principal components analysis, the eight-item MCSDS was found to have a multidimensional structure. Of the initial three-component solution, only two subscales had acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.6): “Acceptance of responsibility” and “Integrity”. The third subscale (“Kindness towards others”) appeared to gauge two distinct constructs of formal (i.e. politeness) versus substantive (i.e. forgiveness) compassion. On binary logistic regression, only higher income was a significant predictor of formal compassion. Test-retest reliability was substantial to excellent (Gwet’s AC2 ≥ 0.8). There were no meaningful differences in social desirability between the NC and MCI groups. Likewise, negative Spearman’s correlations between social desirability and cognitive Z-scores across the whole sample were weak (rs < |0.3|) and confined to one MCSDS item. Although social desirability was an independent predictor of the STPI-TA score in multiple linear regression, it explained only a marginal amount of incremental variance in anxiety symptoms (less than 2%). Conclusions Our results suggest that social desirability need not be a major concern when using questionnaires to assess mental health in geriatric outpatients without dementia. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02435-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Nicolini
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Carlo Abbate
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Inglese
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Mari
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo D Rossi
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Is social desirability bias important for effective ethics research? A review of literature. ASIAN JOURNAL OF BUSINESS ETHICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13520-021-00128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bryant E, Miskovic-Wheatley J, Touyz S, Crosby RD, Koreshe E, Cao L, Maguire S. Transitioning to digital first line intervention - validation of a brief online screener for early identification of a suspected eating disorder: study protocol. J Eat Disord 2020; 8:60. [PMID: 33292579 PMCID: PMC7657667 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-020-00339-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only one in four people with eating disorders seeks treatment, and of those who do seek treatment, 20% go on to experience a chronic course. Early intervention has been associated with better prognosis, with those seeking specialised intervention in the early stages of their illness more than twice as likely to achieve remission. Current screening measures typically require expert administration and are rarely validated across a spectrum of DSM-5 eating disorder presentations or for online use. In light of COVID-19 and increasing reliance on telehealth technologies in the intervention and delivery of mental health services, online assessments suitable for self-referral are likely to be the first step to seeking care. InsideOut Institute has developed a 6-item online screening tool for the purposes of identifying eating disorder risk and symptomatology, aimed specifically at increasing help-seeking behaviour in subsyndromal and early presentations. METHODS This study investigates the reliability and validity of the InsideOut Institute Screener (IOI-S), using a cross-sectional survey research design. Participants aged 14 and over will complete an extensive baseline survey battery for evaluation. 50% of participants will be randomly selected for one follow-up re-test of the IOI-S only, 2 weeks post initial testing. The IOI-S will be analysed for statistical reliability on two parameters: internal consistency and test re-test reliability, and for statistical validity on four parameters: concurrent validity, sensitivity and specificity, convergent and discriminant validity. DISCUSSION The rapid and ongoing shift to digital intervention has highlighted gaps and opportunities in our pathways to care. Adequate screening for eating disorders is a major gap. This study aims to validate an online screening tool for use in telehealth early intervention, designed for users seeking information for a suspected eating disorder. The screener meets those at risk 'where they are' (i.e. online) and may improve timely referrals to relevant services. This is of particular salience as face-to-face healthcare and traditional frontline interventions are disrupted, and we are challenged to re-design our practices to deliver diagnostic and treatment services in highly adaptive digital contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Bryant
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Jane Miskovic-Wheatley
- InsideOut Institute for Eating Disorders, The Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen Touyz
- InsideOut Institute for Eating Disorders, The Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ross D Crosby
- Sanford Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Eyza Koreshe
- InsideOut Institute for Eating Disorders, The Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Li Cao
- Sanford Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Sarah Maguire
- InsideOut Institute for Eating Disorders, The Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise and Eating Disorders, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Sabot DL, Hicks RE. Does psychological capital mediate the impact of dysfunctional sleep beliefs on well-being? Heliyon 2020; 6:e04314. [PMID: 32617422 PMCID: PMC7322688 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional sleep beliefs are strongly involved in sleep difficulties, which in turn negatively predict psychological health and well-being. In contrast, psychological capital (PsyCap) is a positive cognitive resource, comprising four dimensions (hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism), that positively predicts psychological well-being. Significant associations between sleep beliefs and well-being, and PsyCap and well-being are detailed; however, research on their interrelations (among sleep beliefs, well-being, and PsyCap) remains scarce. This cross-sectional study aimed to elucidate the relationships among the variables. The convenience sample consisted of 123 Australian working adults. Participants completed an online survey comprising four empirically established measures (Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale, Psychological Well-being Scale, Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and a social desirability scale). Hypotheses were derived from Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, which underlines the importance of cognitive mechanisms that guide adaptive psychological responses. Results were consistent with hypotheses: dysfunctional sleep beliefs significantly and negatively predicted PsyCap, and PsyCap mediated the relationship between sleep beliefs and well-being. Findings suggested that PsyCap, which can be developed, may help buffer the adverse effects of sleep beliefs to benefit well-being. Replication of model coefficients in larger samples and future testing of PsyCap training within sleep-hygiene practices are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debbie L. Sabot
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University; Australia
| | - Richard E. Hicks
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University; Australia
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18
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Associations of Social Desirability on Psychological Assessment Outcomes for Surgical Weight Loss Patients. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2020; 28:384-393. [DOI: 10.1007/s10880-020-09725-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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McKinney M, Smith KE, Dong KA, Babenko O, Ross S, Kelly MA, Salvalaggio G. Development of the Inner City attitudinal assessment tool (ICAAT) for learners across Health care professions. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:174. [PMID: 32143705 PMCID: PMC7059309 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-5000-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many health professions learners report feeling uncomfortable and underprepared for professional interactions with inner city populations. These learners may hold preconceptions which affect therapeutic relationships and provision of care. Few tools exist to measure learner attitudes towards these populations. This article describes the development and validity evidence behind a new tool measuring health professions learner attitudes toward inner city populations. METHODS Tool development consisted of four phases: 1) Item identification and generation informed by a scoping review of the literature; 2) Item refinement involving a two stage modified Delphi process with a national multidisciplinary team (n = 8), followed by evaluation of readability and response process validity with a focus group of medical and nursing students (n = 13); 3) Pilot testing with a cohort of medical and nursing students; and 4) Analysis of psychometric properties through factor analysis and reliability. RESULTS A 36-item online version of the Inner City Attitudinal Assessment Tool (ICAAT) was completed by 214 of 1452 undergraduate students (67.7% from medicine; 32.3% from nursing; response rate 15%). The resulting tool consists of 24 items within a three-factor model - affective, behavioural, and cognitive. Reliability (internal consistency) values using Cronbach alpha were 0.87, 0.82, and 0.82 respectively. The reliability of the whole 24-item ICAAT was 0.90. CONCLUSIONS The Inner City Attitudinal Assessment Tool (ICAAT) is a novel tool with evidence to support its use in assessing health care learners' attitudes towards caring for inner city populations. This tool has potential to help guide curricula in inner city health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark McKinney
- Inner City Health and Wellness Program, Edmonton, AB Canada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON Canada
| | - Katherine E. Smith
- Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB Canada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - Kathryn A. Dong
- Inner City Health and Wellness Program, Edmonton, AB Canada
- Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB Canada
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - Oksana Babenko
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - Shelley Ross
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
| | - Martina A. Kelly
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB Canada
| | - Ginetta Salvalaggio
- Inner City Health and Wellness Program, Edmonton, AB Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, 610 University Terrace, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T4 Canada
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20
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Bloom ZD, Lambie GW. The Adolescent Measure of Empathy and Sympathy in a Sample of Emerging Adults. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07481756.2019.1667243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary D. Bloom
- Department of Counselor Education, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Glenn W. Lambie
- Department of Child, Family, and Community Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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21
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Bloom ZD, Dillman Taylor D. The Online Dating Intensity Scale: Exploratory Factor Analysis in a Sample of Emerging Adults. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07481756.2019.1640614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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22
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Te M, Blackstock F, Fryer C, Gardner P, Geary L, Kuys S, McPherson K, Nahon I, Tang C, Taylor L, Van Kessel G, van der Zwan K, Chipchase L. Predictors of self-perceived cultural responsiveness in entry-level physiotherapy students in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2019; 19:56. [PMID: 30760254 PMCID: PMC6375174 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-019-1487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ensuring physiotherapy students are well prepared to work safely and effectively in culturally diverse societies upon graduation is vital. Therefore, determining whether physiotherapy programs are effectively developing the cultural responsiveness of students is essential. This study aimed to evaluate the level of self-perceived cultural responsiveness of entry level physiotherapy students during their training, and explore the factors that might be associated with these levels. METHODS A cross sectional study of physiotherapy students from nine universities across Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand was conducted using an online self-administered questionnaire containing three parts: The Cultural Competence Assessment tool, Altemeyer's Dogmatism scale, and the Marlowe-Crowne social desirability scale- short form. Demographic data relating to university, program, and level of study were also collected. Data was analysed using one-way ANOVA, t-tests and multiple regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 817 (19% response rate) students participated in this study. Overall, students had a moderate level of self-perceived cultural responsiveness (Mean (SD) = 5.15 (0.67)). Fewer number of weeks of clinical placement attended, lower levels of dogmatism, and greater social desirability were related to greater self-perceived cultural responsiveness. Additionally, fourth year undergraduate students perceived themselves to be less culturally responsive than first and second year students (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results provide educators with knowledge about the level of self-perceived cultural responsiveness in physiotherapy students, and the factors that may need to be assessed and addressed to support the development of culturally responsive practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxine Te
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
| | - Felicity Blackstock
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
| | - Caroline Fryer
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA Australia
| | - Peter Gardner
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Bently, WA Australia
| | - Louise Geary
- School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Suzanne Kuys
- School of Physiotherapy, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Kerstin McPherson
- School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW Australia
| | - Irmina Nahon
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, ACT Bruce, Australia
| | - Clarice Tang
- School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Lynne Taylor
- School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gisela Van Kessel
- School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA Australia
| | - Kelly van der Zwan
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD Australia
| | - Lucy Chipchase
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751 Australia
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Oser ML, Nizzi MC, Zinser JL, Turk M, Epstein R, Bueno E, Gitlin D, Pomahac B. Quality of Life and Psychosocial Functioning 2 Years Following Facial Transplantation. PSYCHOSOMATICS 2018; 59:591-600. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fall Prevention Mobile Clinic: A Novel Fall Prevention Program for Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Can J Aging 2018; 37:482-495. [PMID: 30176953 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980818000284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACTCauses of falls in older adults are common, multifactorial, and can lead to significant injury. This before-and-after study evaluated the benefits of a Fall Prevention Mobile Clinic (FPMC) in reducing the risk of falling in older adults in British Columbia, Canada. Four hundred seventy-six participants (average age of 83.6 years) enrolled in the study and were followed for 12 months after attending the FPMC. At 12-month follow-up, the mean percentage uptake of fall prevention recommendations was 48.8 per cent (SD = 25.7%), the Timed Up and Go mobility measure improved from a median of 19.04 seconds to 17.45 seconds and the number of participants falling decreased from 64.8 per cent (in the 12 months before attending the clinic) to 55.6 per cent (in the 12 months after attending the clinic) (p = .012). After attending the FPMC, participants acted on recommendations, improved mobility and decreased their risk of future falls.
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Kose S, Celikel FC, Kulacaoglu F, Akin E, Yalcin M, Ceylan V. Reliability, validity, and factorial structure of the Turkish version of the Empathy Quotient (Turkish EQ). PSYCHIAT CLIN PSYCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2018.1462039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samet Kose
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research on Addictions, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Psychology, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | | | - Filiz Kulacaoglu
- Department of Psychiatry, Bagcilar Research & Training Hospital, Health Sciences University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ercan Akin
- Department of Psychology, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
- Department of Educational Sciences, Division of Guidance and Psychological Counseling, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yalcin
- Department of Psychology, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Vedat Ceylan
- Department of Psychology, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Gignac GE. Socially desirable responding suppresses the association between self-assessed intelligence and task-based intelligence. INTELLIGENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Dar-Nimrod I, Ganesan A, MacCann C. Coolness as a trait and its relations to the Big Five, self-esteem, social desirability, and action orientation. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Blount AJ, Lambie GW. Development and Factor Structure of the Helping Professional Wellness Discrepancy Scale. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/07481756.2017.1358060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mullen PR, Lambie GW, Conley AH. Development of the Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale. MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION IN COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0748175613513807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Vésteinsdóttir V, Reips UD, Joinson A, Thorsdottir F. An item level evaluation of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale using item response theory on Icelandic Internet panel data and cognitive interviews. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Pechorro P, Ayala-Nunes L, Oliveira JP, Nunes C, Gonçalves RA. Psychometric properties of the Socially Desirable Response Set-5 among incarcerated male and female juvenile offenders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LAW AND PSYCHIATRY 2016; 49:17-21. [PMID: 27210577 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Socially Desirable Response Set-5 (SDRS-5) among a forensic sample (N=324) of incarcerated male (n=221) and female (n=103) juvenile offenders. The Portuguese validation of the SDRS-5 demonstrated good psychometric properties, namely in terms of its factor structure, internal consistency, convergent validity, and discriminant validity that overall justifies its use among this population. Findings are discussed in terms of the use of the SDRS-5 with male and female juvenile offenders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Pechorro
- School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
| | - Lara Ayala-Nunes
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Seville, C/ Camilo José Cela, s/n, 41018 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - João Pedro Oliveira
- Lusófona University of Humanities and Technologies, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Nunes
- Research Centre for Spatial and Organizational Dynamics, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas. 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
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Kuokkanen H, Sun W. Social Desirability and Cynicism: Bridging the Attitude-Behavior Gap in CSR Surveys. EMOTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONAL GOVERNANCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1108/s1746-979120160000012008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Psychometric properties of measurements obtained with the Marlowe–Crowne Social Desirability Scale in an Icelandic probability based Internet sample. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2015.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Uziel L. Rethinking Social Desirability Scales: From Impression Management to Interpersonally Oriented Self-Control. PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2015; 5:243-62. [PMID: 26162157 DOI: 10.1177/1745691610369465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Social desirability (specifically, impression management) scales are widely used by researchers and practitioners to screen individuals who bias self-reports in a self-favoring manner. These scales also serve to identify individuals at risk for psychological and health problems. The present review explores the evidence with regard to the ability of these scales to achieve these objectives. In the first part of the review, I present six criteria to evaluate impression management scales and conclude that they are unsatisfactory as measures of response style. Next, I explore what individual differences in impression management scores actually do measure. I compare two approaches: a defensiveness approach, which argues that these scales measure defensiveness that stems from vulnerable self-esteem, and an adjustment approach, which suggests that impression management is associated with personal well-being and interpersonal adjustment. Data from a wide variety of fields including social behavior, affect and well-being, health, and job performance tend to favor the adjustment approach. Finally, I argue that scales measuring impression management should be redefined as measures of interpersonally oriented self-control that identify individuals who demonstrate high levels of self-control, especially in social contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liad Uziel
- Psychology Department, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
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Bornstein MH, Putnick DL, Lansford JE, Pastorelli C, Skinner AT, Sorbring E, Tapanya S, Uribe Tirado LM, Zelli A, Alampay LP, Al-Hassan SM, Bacchini D, Bombi AS, Chang L, Deater-Deckard K, Di Giunta L, Dodge KA, Malone PS, Oburu P. Mother and father socially desirable responding in nine countries: Two kinds of agreement and relations to parenting self-reports. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 50:174-85. [PMID: 25043708 PMCID: PMC4297254 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We assessed 2 forms of agreement between mothers' and fathers' socially desirable responding in China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, the Philippines, Sweden, Thailand and the United States (N = 1110 families). Mothers and fathers in all 9 countries reported socially desirable responding in the upper half of the distribution, and countries varied minimally (but China was higher than the cross-country grand mean and Sweden lower). Mothers and fathers did not differ in reported levels of socially desirable responding, and mothers' and fathers' socially desirable responding were largely uncorrelated. With one exception, mothers' and fathers' socially desirable responding were similarly correlated with self-perceptions of parenting, and correlations varied somewhat across countries. These findings are set in a discussion of socially desirable responding, cultural psychology and family systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc H Bornstein
- Child and Family Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, USA
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Ross TP, Ross LT, Short SD, Cataldo S. THE MULTIDIMENSIONAL HEALTH LOCUS OF CONTROL SCALE: PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES AND FORM EQUIVALENCE. Psychol Rep 2015; 116:889-913. [PMID: 25961714 DOI: 10.2466/09.02.pr0.116k29w3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the psychometric equivalence of Forms A and B of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale in a sample of college students (N = 370; M = 19.5 yr.; 318 Caucasians; 281 women). Given the dearth of studies that address the issue of form equivalence directly, this study sought to ascertain whether these forms could be used interchangeably by researchers. Subscales on the two forms had fairly high correlations (range of r = .77-.81), and similar alpha and omega reliability coefficients. Additionally, confirmatory factor analysis revealed both forms fit a three-factor model well. However, paired-sample t tests yielded significant mean differences for all three subscales. Furthermore, the two forms yielded inconsistent associations with relevant measures. Although the observed pattern of associations with social desirability and safe swimming behaviors were similar for Forms A and B, the pattern of differences was not identical for smoking groups and bicycle helmet use groups between forms. Overall, these results suggested that Forms A and B do not meet the strict criteria for parallel forms, but instead should be considered alternative forms.
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Odendaal A. Cross-cultural differences in social desirability scales: Influence of cognitive ability. SA JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.4102/sajip.v41i1.1259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Orientation: The use of personality tests for selection and screening has been consistently criticised resulting from the risk of socially desirable responding amongst job applicants. Research purpose: This study examined the magnitude of culture and language group meanscore differences amongst job applicants and the moderating effect of race on the relationship between social desirability and cognitive ability. Motivation for the study: The influence of cognitive ability and potential race and ethnic group differences in social desirability scale scores, which can lead to disproportional selection ratios, has not been extensively researched in South Africa. Research design, approach and method: A quantitative, cross-sectional research design, based on secondary datasets obtained from the test publisher, was employed. The dataset consisted of 1640 job applicants across industry sectors. Main findings: Moderated multiple regression analyses revealed that the relationship between social desirability and general reasoning was moderated by culture and language, with group differences in social desirability being more pronounced at the low general reasoning level. This suggests that social desirability scales may be an ambiguous indicator of faking as the scales may indicate tendency to fake, but not the ability to fake, that is likely to be connected to the level of cognitive ability of the respondent.Practical/managerial implications: Individual differences in social desirability are not fully explained by cognitive ability as cultural differences also played a role. Responding in a certain manner, reflects a level of psychological sophistication that is informed by the level of education and socio-economic status. In relation to selection practice, this study provided evidence of the potentially adverse consequences of using social desirability scales to detect response distortion. Contribution/value-add: The exploration of cross-cultural differences in the application of social desirability scales and the influence of cognitive ability is seen as a major contribution, supported by possible explanations for the differences observed and recommendations regarding the practice of universal corrections and adjustments.
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Abstract
AbstractObjectives: This study examined the impact of psychiatric teaching on attitudes toward psychiatry of a cohort of medical students by means of a questionnaire survey. The impact of social desirability bias on questionnaire responses was also explored. Gender and nationality subgroups in the cohort were examined in more detail to determine whether these variables had any bearing on attitude change.Methods: Fifth year medical students at NUI Galway completed the Attitudes to Psychiatry-30 questionnaire at the beginning and end of the psychiatric curriculum.This was coupled to the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (13 items) to determine the effect of this potential bias on responses to the attitudinal scale.Anonymity was ensured by using unique identification codes on the questionnaires, which facilitated individual comparisons of pre- and post-teaching responses.Results: Attitudes toward psychiatry were positive prior to training but significantly improved following the teaching programme.There was no difference in attitudinal change between male and female subgroups.While students from outside the EU did show an improvement in mean scores on the ATP-30 this increase failed to reach significance. This finding was in contrast to the results for students from EU states whose mean increase on the ATP-30 was highly significant.Social desirability questionnaire scores fell significantly between the first and second administration, lending support to the findings being a true reflection of the students' attitudes toward psychiatry.Conclusions: These findings suggest that a teaching programme has the ability to influence students' attitudes. This is encouraging for recruitment into psychiatry and overall patient care.
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Gignac GE, Karatamoglou A, Wee S, Palacios G. Emotional intelligence as a unique predictor of individual differences in humour styles and humour appreciation. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2013.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Nolte S, Elsworth GR, Osborne RH. Absence of social desirability bias in the evaluation of chronic disease self-management interventions. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2013; 11:114. [PMID: 23835133 PMCID: PMC3710271 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-11-114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bias due to social desirability has long been of concern to evaluators relying on self-report data. It is conceivable that health program evaluation is particularly susceptible to social desirability bias as individuals may be inclined to present themselves or certain health behaviors in a more positive light and/or appease the course leader. Thus, the influence of social desirability bias on self-report outcomes was explored in the present study. METHODS Data were collected from 331 participants of group-based chronic disease self-management interventions using the highly robust eight-scale Health Education Impact Questionnaire (heiQ) and the 13-item short form Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MC-C). The majority of self-management courses were run by community-based organizations across Australia between February 2005 and December 2006 where 6 to 12 individuals have the opportunity to develop considerable rapport with course leaders and each other over about six weeks. Pre-test data were collected on the first day of courses, while post-test and social desirability scores were assessed at the end of courses. A model of partial mediation within the framework of structural equation modeling was developed with social desirability as the mediating variable between pre-test and post-test. RESULTS The 'Defensiveness' factor of the MC-C showed clear association with heiQ pre-test data, a prerequisite for investigating mediation; however, when investigating the eight full pre-test/post-test models 'Defensiveness' was only associated with one heiQ scale. This effect was small, explaining 8% of the variance in the model. No other meditational effects through social desirability were observed. CONCLUSIONS The overall lack of association of social desirability with heiQ outcomes was surprising as it had been expected that it would explain at least some of the variance observed between pre-test and post-test. With the assumption that the MC-C captures the propensity for an individual to provide socially desirable answers, this study concludes that change scores in chronic disease self-management program evaluation are not biased by social desirability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Nolte
- Medical Clinic for Psychosomatics, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Public Health Innovation, Population Health Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, School of Health & Social Development, Faculty of Health, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood VIC 3125, Australia
| | - Gerald R Elsworth
- Public Health Innovation, Population Health Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, School of Health & Social Development, Faculty of Health, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood VIC 3125, Australia
| | - Richard H Osborne
- Public Health Innovation, Population Health Strategic Research Centre, Deakin University, School of Health & Social Development, Faculty of Health, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood VIC 3125, Australia
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Cherry KE, Allen PD, Denver JY, Holland KR. Contributions of Social Desirability to Self-Reported Ageism. J Appl Gerontol 2013; 34:712-33. [DOI: 10.1177/0733464813484984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The authors examined the role of social desirability in 445 participants’ responses to self-reported measures of ageism across two studies. In Study 1, college students and community adults completed the Relating to Older People Evaluation (ROPE) and a short form of the Marlowe–Crowne Social Desirability Scale (M-C SDS). Study 2 was a conceptual replication that included the Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA). Correlation analyses confirmed a small but significant relationship between scores on the positive ageist items and the social desirability scale in both studies. Ageist attitudes were correlated with negative ageist behaviors in Study 2. Implications for current views on ageism and strategies for reducing ageist attitudes and behaviors in everyday life are discussed.
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Abstract
Fat talk refers to negative body-related conversations between girls or young women. This research aimed to use qualitative data from young women to guide development of a quantitative fat talk measure. In Study 1, a preliminary 62-item questionnaire was developed and administered to 200 female participants. Item analysis resulted in the elimination of items, yielding a final questionnaire with 14 items. Principal components analysis of this questionnaire indicated a single factor. In Study 2, 95 female participants completed the newly developed Fat Talk Questionnaire and theoretically related (e.g., body image) and unrelated (e.g., social desirability) constructs. Additionally, 49 male participants completed the questionnaire to examine known groups validity. In Study 3, 54 participants completed the Fat Talk Questionnaire on two occasions to assess temporal stability. The results showed that the Fat Talk Questionnaire is reliable and valid. The Fat Talk Questionnaire may have important utility in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Royal
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3.
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Carr SC, McWha I, Maclachlan M, Furnham A. International-local remuneration differences across six countries: do they undermine poverty reduction work? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2012; 45:321-40. [PMID: 22044054 DOI: 10.1080/00207594.2010.491990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite the rhetoric of a single global economy, professionals in poorer countries continue to be remunerated differently depending on whether they are compensated at a local vs. international rate. Project ADDUP (Are Development Discrepancies Undermining Performance?) surveyed 1290 expatriate and local professionals (response rate = 47%) from aid, education, government, and business sectors in (1) Island Nations (Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands), (2) landlocked economies (Malaŵi, Uganda), and (3) emerging economies (India, China). Difference in pay was estimated using purchasing power parity, from the World Bank's World Development Indicators 2007. Psychological measures included self-reported pay and benefits (remuneration), self-attributed ability, remuneration comparison, sense of justice in remuneration, remuneration-related motivation, thoughts of turnover and thoughts about international mobility. We included control measures of candour, culture shock, cultural values (horizontal/vertical individualism/collectivism), personality (from the "big five"), job satisfaction and work engagement. Controlling for these and country (small effects) and organization effects (medium), (a) pay ratios between international and local workers exceeded what were perceived to be acceptable pay thresholds among respondents remunerated locally; who also reported a combination of a sense of relative (b) injustice and demotivation; which (c) together with job satisfaction/work engagement predicted turnover and international mobility. These findings question the wisdom of dual salary systems in general, expose and challenge a major contradiction between contemporary development policy and practice, and have a range of practical, organizational, and theoretical implications for poverty reduction work.
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Sârbescu P, Costea I, Rusu S. Psychometric properties of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale in a Romanian sample. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.01.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Smith HL, Robinson EHM, Young ME. The Relationship Among Wellness, Psychological Distress, and Social Desirability of Entering Master's-Level Counselor Trainees. COUNSELOR EDUCATION AND SUPERVISION 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/j.1556-6978.2007.tb00041.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Improving job fit for mission workers by including expatriate and local job experts in job specification. JOURNAL OF MANAGERIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1108/02683941111154347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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McCall WV, D'Agostino R, Rosenquist PB, Kimball J, Boggs N, Lasater B, Blocker J. Dissection of the factors driving the placebo effect in hypnotic treatment of depressed insomniacs. Sleep Med 2011; 12:557-64. [PMID: 21601519 PMCID: PMC3110560 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2011.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Revised: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our prior work has shown that there is improvement in self-reported sleep in persons receiving placebo in hypnotic clinical trials. We examined the components of the "placebo response" in a hypnotic clinical trial. METHODS This was an exploratory analysis of a randomized, double-blind clinical trial of eszopiclone versus placebo in the treatment of persons with depression and insomnia who were also receiving fluoxetine at a clinic of a teaching hospital. Sixty adults with both depression and insomnia symptoms, who were free of significant primary sleep disorders, received open-label fluoxetine for 9weeks. Patients were further randomized 1:1 to receive either masked eszopiclone 3mg or placebo at bedtime after the first week of fluoxetine. We examined the respective contributions of three factors associated with the "placebo effect": (1) regression to the mean, (2) expectancy, and (3) social desirability. RESULTS There was evidence for regression to the mean for the continuous measurement of the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. There was evidence for expectancy in self-reported Wake After Sleep Onset, continuous measurement of ISI, and dichotomous remission/non-remitter measurement of ISI. There was evidence of social desirability affecting self-reported Total Sleep Time. CONCLUSIONS Factors that have been associated with the "placebo effect" are operating in hypnotic clinical trials. However, the role of each factor differs depending upon which self-reported variable is being considered. The findings have implications for clinical trial design in insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Vaughn McCall
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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