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Gómez-Lázaro L, Martín-Sabroso C, Aparicio-Blanco J, Torres-Suárez AI. Assessment of In Vitro Release Testing Methods for Colloidal Drug Carriers: The Lack of Standardized Protocols. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:103. [PMID: 38258113 PMCID: PMC10819705 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Although colloidal carriers have been in the pipeline for nearly four decades, standardized methods for testing their drug-release properties remain to be established in pharmacopeias. The in vitro assessment of drug release from these colloidal carriers is one of the most important parameters in the development and quality control of drug-loaded nano- and microcarriers. This lack of standardized protocols occurs due to the difficulties encountered in separating the released drug from the encapsulated one. This review aims to compare the most frequent types of release testing methods (i.e., membrane diffusion techniques, sample and separate methods and in situ detection techniques) in terms of the advantages and disadvantages of each one and of the key parameters that influence drug release in each case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gómez-Lázaro
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-L.); (C.M.-S.); (A.I.T.-S.)
| | - Cristina Martín-Sabroso
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-L.); (C.M.-S.); (A.I.T.-S.)
- Institute of Industrial Pharmacy, Complutense University Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Aparicio-Blanco
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-L.); (C.M.-S.); (A.I.T.-S.)
- Institute of Industrial Pharmacy, Complutense University Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Torres-Suárez
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.-L.); (C.M.-S.); (A.I.T.-S.)
- Institute of Industrial Pharmacy, Complutense University Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Sun P, Li X, Kong B, Zhu YA, Wang M, Wang H, Liu Q. Fabrication and characterization of microwave-assisted synthesis of carbon dots crosslinked sodium alginate hydrogel films. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127130. [PMID: 37776925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, potassium-incorporated carbon dots (K-CDs) and nitrogen-incorporated carbon dots (N-CDs) were composted using the microwave-assisted method, in which the carbon source is citric acid. Subsequently, the prepared CDs were added into sodium alginate (NaAlg)/CaCO3 to form a hydrogel film. The Ca2+ in the system is tend to be released in the presence of acidic CDs to promote the cross-linking of NaAlg. This study presents a NaAlg hydrogel film preparation process that requires no additional acid and is natural and environmentally friendly. Moreover, it gives the NaAlg hydrogel film excellent antioxidant and antimicrobial properties and also improves its mechanical properties and gel strength. The release behaviors of the CDs in the hydrogel films were also explored. The prepared CD-incorporated NaAlg hydrogel films have potential applications in medical, biological engineering, food preservation, and other fields owing to their functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyuan Sun
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xin Li
- Sharable Platform of Large-Scale Instruments & Equipments, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Baohua Kong
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Ying-Ao Zhu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Meihui Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China.
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Šedbarė R, Janulis V, Ramanauskiene K. Edible Gels with Cranberry Extract: Evaluation of Anthocyanin Release Kinetics. Gels 2023; 9:796. [PMID: 37888369 PMCID: PMC10606237 DOI: 10.3390/gels9100796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The bioactive compounds found in cranberry fruit are natural antioxidants, and their consumption reduces the risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancers, and urinary tract infections. Oral gels with cranberry fruit extract are a promising product that can ensure accurate dosage and release of the active compounds and are suitable for people with dysphagia. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of polymeric materials on the dissolution kinetics of cranberry fruit anthocyanins from gel formulations. Gel formulations were prepared using freeze-dried cranberry fruit extract with different gelling excipients: chitosan (G1-G3), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (G4-G6), and sodium carboxymethylcellulose combined with carbomers (G7-G9). The dissolution test showed that the release of anthocyanins from gel formulations G1-G6 and G9 was most intense within the first 10 min, with little change in the anthocyanin content of the acceptor medium afterwards. For the formulations based on carboxymethyl cellulose and carbomers G7 and G8, the amount of anthocyanins released into the acceptor medium gradually increased, which prolonged the release time of the active compounds. The test for the release of anthocyanins from the semi-solid systems through a hydrophilic membrane revealed that within the first hour, the total amount of anthocyanins released from the modeled gel formulations (G1-G9) was within the range of 6.02%-13.50%. The 1% chitosan (G1) gel formulation released the fastest and highest amount of anthocyanins (70% within 6 h). The other formulations showed a slower release of anthocyanins, and after 6 h, the amount of anthocyanins released from formulations G2-G9 was <57%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Šedbarė
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Valdimaras Janulis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Kristina Ramanauskiene
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50162 Kaunas, Lithuania;
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Hossain ML, Nguyen M, Benington L, Lim LY, Hammer K, Hettiarachchi D, Locher C. Application of a Customised Franz-Type Cell Coupled with HPTLC to Monitor the Timed Release of Bioactive Components in Complex Honey Matrices. Methods Protoc 2023; 6:70. [PMID: 37623921 PMCID: PMC10459218 DOI: 10.3390/mps6040070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the release profile of components in five different honeys (a New Zealand Manuka and two Western Australian honeys, a Jarrah honey and a Coastal Peppermint honey) and their corresponding honey-loaded gel formulations using a custom-designed Franz-type diffusion cell in combination with High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). To validate the suitability of the customised setup, release data using this new approach were compared with data obtained using a commercial Franz cell apparatus, which is an established analytical tool to monitor the release of active ingredients from topical semisolid products. The release profiles of active compounds from pure honey and honey-loaded formulations were found to be comparable in both types of Franz cells. For example, when released either from pure honey or its corresponding pre-gel formulation, the percentage release of two Jarrah honey constituents, represented by distinct bands at RF 0.21 and 0.53 and as analysed by HPTLC, was not significantly different (p = 0.9986) at 12 h with over 99% of these honey constituents being released in both apparatus. Compared to the commercial Franz diffusion cell, the customised Franz cell offers several advantages, including easy and convenient sample application, the requirement of only small sample quantities, a large diffusion surface area, an ability to analyse 20 samples in a single experiment, and lower cost compared to purchasing a commercial Franz cell. Thus, the newly developed approach coupled with HPTLC is conducive to monitor the release profile of minor honey constituents from pure honeys and honey-loaded semisolid formulations and might also be applicable to other complex natural-product-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Lokman Hossain
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia; (M.L.H.); (M.N.); (L.B.); (L.Y.L.); (D.H.)
| | - Minh Nguyen
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia; (M.L.H.); (M.N.); (L.B.); (L.Y.L.); (D.H.)
| | - Leah Benington
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia; (M.L.H.); (M.N.); (L.B.); (L.Y.L.); (D.H.)
| | - Lee Yong Lim
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia; (M.L.H.); (M.N.); (L.B.); (L.Y.L.); (D.H.)
| | - Katherine Hammer
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia;
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited, 128 Yanchep Beach Road, Perth 6035, Australia
| | - Dhanushka Hettiarachchi
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia; (M.L.H.); (M.N.); (L.B.); (L.Y.L.); (D.H.)
| | - Cornelia Locher
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia; (M.L.H.); (M.N.); (L.B.); (L.Y.L.); (D.H.)
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited, 128 Yanchep Beach Road, Perth 6035, Australia
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Hossain ML, Lim LY, Hammer K, Hettiarachchi D, Locher C. Monitoring the Release of Methylglyoxal (MGO) from Honey and Honey-Based Formulations. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062858. [PMID: 36985830 PMCID: PMC10051060 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO) is considered to be one of the vital components responsible for the anti-bacterial activity of Leptospermum spp. (Manuka) honey. While many studies have demonstrated a dose-dependent antibacterial activity for MGO in vitro, from a therapeutic viewpoint, it is also important to confirm its release from Manuka honey and also from Manuka honey-based formulations. This study is the first to report on the release profile of MGO from five commercial products containing Manuka honey using a Franz diffusion cell and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The release of MGO expressed as percentage release of MGO content at baseline was monitored over a 12 h period and found to be 99.49 and 98.05% from an artificial honey matrix and NZ Manuka honey, respectively. For the investigated formulations, a time-dependent % MGO release between 85% and 97.18% was noted over the 12 h study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Lokman Hossain
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia
| | - Lee Yong Lim
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia
| | - Katherine Hammer
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited, 128 Yanchep Beach Road, Perth 6035, Australia
| | - Dhanushka Hettiarachchi
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia
| | - Cornelia Locher
- Division of Pharmacy, School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Honey Bee Products Limited, 128 Yanchep Beach Road, Perth 6035, Australia
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Wolska E, Szymańska M. Comparison of the In Vitro Drug Release Methods for the Selection of Test Conditions to Characterize Solid Lipid Microparticles. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020511. [PMID: 36839833 PMCID: PMC9964376 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The release profiles of active substances from microspheres are one of the most important features in solid lipid microparticles (SLM) characterization. Unfortunately, the results of the dissolution tests are largely dependent on the chosen method and test conditions, which in relation to novel dosage forms, such as dispersions of lipid microspheres, are not clearly defined in international compendiums and guidelines. This makes it impossible to compare the results of different studies. The aim of the research was to identify the factors most influencing the variability of the obtained results. An attempt was also made to select the most appropriate method for testing drug substance release from SLM. Various dissolution methods were employed (method I: without a membrane, method II: in a dialysis bag, and method III: in a Side-Bi-Side chamber), and the obtained release profiles of cyclosporine and indomethacin from SLM dispersions were compared. In addition to the effect of membranes, the types of acceptor fluids were also investigated. Significant differences were observed when testing the SLM formulations under various test conditions. The results were significantly influenced by the selected membrane, the acceptor fluid, or the difference in the concentrations of active substance between the donor and acceptor compartments. The burst effect observed in some experimental methods was not noticed in other conditions. At this stage, the method with a dialysis bag has been selected as the most suitable, while the methods without the membrane can only play a complementary role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Wolska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Gdansk, Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-58-349-1085
| | - Martyna Szymańska
- Student Chapter of the International Society of Pharmaceutical Engineering (ISPE), Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
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da Silva Honório T, Simon A, Machado RMC, Rodrigues CR, do Carmo FA, Cabral LM, de Sousa VP. Use of In silico Methodologies to Predict the Bioavailability of Oral Suspensions: A Regulatory Approach. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:3040-3049. [PMID: 37957861 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128257028231030113156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral suspensions are heterogeneous disperse systems, and the particle size distribution, crystalline form of the dispersed solid, and composition of the formulation can be listed as parameters that control the drug dissolution rate and its bioavailability. OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to develop a discriminative dissolution test, which, in association with in silico methodologies, can make it possible to safely anticipate bioavailability problems. METHODS Nimesulide and ibuprofen (BCS class II) and cephalexin (BCS class I) oral suspensions were studied. Previously, solid-state structure and particle size in active pharmaceutical ingredients were characterized and the impact of differences on solubility was evaluated for the choice of discriminative medium. Afterwards, particle size distribution (0.1 to 360 μm), dissolution profile, and in vitro permeability in Caco-2 cell of commercial suspensions, were determined. These parameters were used as input for the establishment of the in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) for the suspensions using the GastroPlus™ with Wagner-Nelson and Loo- Riegelmann deconvolution approach. RESULTS The predicted/observed pharmacokinetic model showed good correlation coefficients (r) of 0.960, 0.950, and 0.901, respectively. The IVIVC was established for one nimesulide and two ibuprofen suspensions with r between 0.956 and 0.932, and the percent prediction error (%PE) did not exceed 15%. CONCLUSION In this work, we have performed a complete study combining in vitro/in silico approaches with the aim of anticipating the safety and efficacy of oral pharmaceutical suspensions in order to provide a regulatory tool for this category of products in a faster and more economical way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago da Silva Honório
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling & QSAR, Department of Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cell Culture (LabCel), Department of Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alice Simon
- Laboratory of Cell Culture (LabCel), Department of Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Industrial Technology (LabTIF), Department of Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Raiane Monteiro Clacino Machado
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Industrial Technology (LabTIF), Department of Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rangel Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling & QSAR, Department of Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flávia Almada do Carmo
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Industrial Technology (LabTIF), Department of Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucio Mendes Cabral
- Laboratory of Cell Culture (LabCel), Department of Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Industrial Technology (LabTIF), Department of Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valeria Pereira de Sousa
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Industrial Technology (LabTIF), Department of Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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3D Printing of Paracetamol Suppositories: An Automated Manufacturing Technique for Individualized Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122676. [PMID: 36559169 PMCID: PMC9785904 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical compounding using the molding technique is the currently applied method for the on-demand manufacturing of suppositories and pessaries. Potential errors of this method are difficult to detect, and the possibilities of individualization of size and shape of the suppositories are limited. In this study, a syringe-based semi-solid 3D printing technique was developed for the manufacturing of suppositories in three different printing designs with the suppository bases polyethylene glycol (PEG) and hard fat (HF). The 3D printed suppositories were analyzed for their visual appearance, uniformity of mass and content, diametrical dimension, breaking force and release behavior and compared to suppositories of the same composition prepared by a commonly used molding technique. The results showed no adverse properties for the 3D printed suppositories compared to the molded ones. Moreover, the easy adaptation of shape using the 3D printing technique was demonstrated by the printing of different sizes and infill structures. Thus, 3D printing has great potential to complement the available manufacturing methods for compounded suppositories, as it represents an automated system for the individualized manufacturing of suppositories that meet patients' needs.
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Serebrova S, Kurguzova D, Krasnykh L, Vasilenko G, Drozdov V, Lazareva N, Shikh E, Zhuravleva M, Rykova S, Eremenko N, Kareva E, Mirzaev K, Sychev D, Prokofiev A. Potential factors of Helicobacter pylori resistance to clarithromycin. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2022; 37:383-391. [PMID: 36027921 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2021-0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A comparative dissolution kinetics test (CDKT) and bioequivalence studies of generic proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) do not model pharmacological acid suppression (PAS) and pathological duodenogastric reflux (PDGR). This study aimed to model them in CDKT to assess drugs stability and potential pantoprazole-clarithromycin interactions. METHODS In CDKT, PDGR (dissolution medium pH 7.00 ± 0.05, preexposure at pH 1.20 ± 0.05) and PAS (pH 4.00 ± 0.05) were modelled for original pantoprazole (OP) and its generics (GP1-4). In CDKT with high-performance liquid chromatography, dissolution gastric medium in adequate (pH 4.00 ± 0.05) and inadequate (pH 1.20 ± 0.05) PAS were modelled for original clarithromycin (OC) and its generics (GC1-4). RESULTS After exposure in pH 7.00 ± 0.05, pantoprazole was released from GP1 within 10 min in the amount of 68.8%. In рН 4.00 ± 0.05, 83.0% and 81.5% of pantoprazole were released from GP1 and GP4. When OP, GP2 and GP3 were placed in pH 7.00 ± 0.05, pantoprazole was released in amount: 99.4%, 88.0% and 98.2%. Clarithromycin releasing from OC, GC1, GC2, GC3, GC4 in pH 4.00 ± 0.05 was 93.5%, 91.6%, 92.9%, 79.4% and 83.0%. In pH 1.20 ± 0.05: 9.7%, 6.7%, 8.5%, 33.3%, 28.8%. CONCLUSIONS Destruction of enteric coats of some local pantoprazole generics in CDKT-models might be a potential factor for inadequate therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Serebrova
- Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Daria Kurguzova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Lyudmila Krasnykh
- Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Galina Vasilenko
- Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Drozdov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia Lazareva
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Eugenia Shikh
- Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Marina Zhuravleva
- Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana Rykova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia Eremenko
- Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Kareva
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Karin Mirzaev
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education "Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education" of The Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitriy Sychev
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Further Professional Education "Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education" of The Ministry of Healthcare of The Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Prokofiev
- Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products, Moscow, Russian Federation.,I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
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Rahman-Yildir J, Wiedey R, Breitkreutz J. Dissolution studies of 3D-printed inserts in a novel biopharmaceutical bladder model. Int J Pharm 2022; 624:121984. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kim Y, Park EJ, Kim TW, Na DH. Recent Progress in Drug Release Testing Methods of Biopolymeric Particulate System. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1313. [PMID: 34452274 PMCID: PMC8399039 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Biopolymeric microparticles have been widely used for long-term release formulations of short half-life chemicals or synthetic peptides. Characterization of the drug release from microparticles is important to ensure product quality and desired pharmacological effect. However, there is no official method for long-term release parenteral dosage forms. Much work has been done to develop methods for in vitro drug release testing, generally grouped into three major categories: sample and separate, dialysis membrane, and continuous flow (flow-through cell) methods. In vitro drug release testing also plays an important role in providing insight into the in vivo performance of a product. In vitro release test with in vivo relevance can reduce the cost of conducting in vivo studies and accelerate drug product development. Therefore, investigation of the in vitro-in vivo correlation (IVIVC) is increasingly becoming an essential part of particulate formulation development. This review summarizes the principles of the in vitro release testing methods of biopolymeric particulate system with the recent research articles and discusses their characteristics including IVIVC, accelerated release testing methods, and stability of encapsulated drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (Y.K.); (T.W.K.)
- G2GBIO, Inc., Daejeon 34054, Korea
| | | | - Tae Wan Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (Y.K.); (T.W.K.)
| | - Dong Hee Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (Y.K.); (T.W.K.)
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Butkevičiūtė A, Liaudanskas M, Ramanauskienė K, Janulis V. Biopharmaceutical Evaluation of Capsules with Lyophilized Apple Powder. Molecules 2021; 26:1095. [PMID: 33669650 PMCID: PMC7922082 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Apples are an important source of biologically active compounds. Consequently, we decided to model hard gelatin capsules with lyophilized apple powder by using different excipients and to evaluate the release kinetics of phenolic compounds. The apple slices of "Ligol" cultivar were immediately frozen in a freezer (at -35°C) with air circulation and were lyophilized with a sublimator at the pressure of 0.01 mbar (condenser temperature, -85°C). Lyophilized apple powder was used as an active substance filled into hard gelatin capsules. We conducted capsule disintegration and dissolution tests to evaluate the quality of apple lyophilizate-containing capsules of different encapsulating content. Individual phenolic compounds can be arranged in the following descending order according to the amount released from the capsules of different compositions: chlorogenic acid > rutin > avicularin > hyperoside > phloridzin > quercitrin > (-)-epicatechin > isoquercitrin. Chlorogenic acid was the compound that was released in the highest amounts from capsules of different encapsulating content: its released amounts ranged from 68.4 to 640.3 μg/mL. According to the obtained data, when hypromellose content ranged from 29% to 41% of the capsule mass, the capsules disintegrated within less than 30 min, and such amounts of hypromellose did not prolong the release of phenolic compounds. Based on the results of the dissolution test, the capsules can be classified as fast-dissolving preparations, as more than 85% of the active substances were released within 30 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurita Butkevičiūtė
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.L.); (V.J.)
| | - Mindaugas Liaudanskas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.L.); (V.J.)
| | - Kristina Ramanauskienė
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Valdimaras Janulis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.L.); (V.J.)
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13
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Challenges of Dissolution Methods Development for Soft Gelatin Capsules. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020214. [PMID: 33557167 PMCID: PMC7913951 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the development of soft gelatin capsules (SGCs) dosage forms has attracted a great deal of interest in the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs. This is attributed to the increased number of poorly soluble drugs in the pipeline, and hence the challenges of finding innovative ways of developing bioavailable and stable dosage forms. Encapsulation of these drugs into SGCs is one of the approaches that is utilized to deliver the active ingredients to the systemic circulation to overcome certain formulation hurdles. Once formulated, encapsulated drugs in the form of SGCs require suitable in vitro dissolution test methods to ensure drug product quality and performance. This review focuses on challenges facing dissolution test method development for SGCs. A brief discussion of the physicochemical and formulation factors that affect the dissolution properties of SGCs will be highlighted. Likewise, the influence of cross-linking of gelatin on the dissolution properties of SGCs will also be discussed.
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14
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Alemzadeh K, Jones SB, Davies M, West N. Development of a Chewing Robot With Built-in Humanoid Jaws to Simulate Mastication to Quantify Robotic Agents Release From Chewing Gums Compared to Human Participants. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2021; 68:492-504. [PMID: 32746044 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2020.3005863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Medicated chewing gum has been recognised as a new advanced drug delivery method, with a promising future. Its potential has not yet been fully exploited because currently there is no gold standard for testing the release of agents from chewing gum in vitro. This study presents a novel humanoid chewing robot capable of closely replicating the human chewing motion in a closed environment, incorporating artificial saliva and allowing measurement of xylitol release from the gum. The release of xylitol from commercially available chewing gum was quantified following both in vitro and in vivo mastication. The chewing robot demonstrated a similar release rate of xylitol as human participants. The greatest release of xylitol occurred during the first 5 minutes of chewing and after 20 minutes of chewing only a low amount of xylitol remained in the gum bolus, irrespective of the chewing method used. Saliva and artificial saliva solutions respectively were collected after 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes of continuous chewing and the amount of xylitol released from the chewing gum determined. Bioengineering has been implemented as the key engineering strategy to create an artificial oral environment that closely mimics that found in vivo. These results demonstrate the chewing robot with built-in humanoid jaws could provide opportunities for pharmaceutical companies to investigate and refine drug release from gum, with reduced patient exposure and reduced costs using this novel methodology.
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15
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Kožák J, Rabišková M, Lamprecht A. In-vitro drug release testing of parenteral formulations via an agarose gel envelope to closer mimic tissue firmness. Int J Pharm 2020; 594:120142. [PMID: 33326826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Current in vitro drug-release testing of the sustained-release parenterals represents the in vivo situation insufficiently. In this work, a thin agarose hydrogel layer surrounding the tested dosage form was proposed to mimic the tissue. The method was applied on implantable formulations of different geometries (films, microspheres, and cylindrical implants); prepared from various polymers (several Resomer® grades or ethyl cellulose) and loaded with different model drugs: flurbiprofen, lidocaine or risperidone. The hydrogel layer did not possess any retarding effect on the released drug and acted as a physical restriction to swelling and/or plastic deformation of the tested dosage forms. This led to a different surface area available for drug-release compared with testing in release medium alone and correspondingly to significantly different release profiles of the majority of the formulations obtained between the two methods (e.g. t50% = 18 days in pure release medium vs. t50% = 26 days in gel-setup for risperidone loaded Resomer® 503 H films or t50% = 7 days vs. t50% = 19 days for risperidone loaded Resomer® 503 H microspheres). The limited space for swelling and the rigidity of the agarose gel might mimic the tight encapsulation of the dosage form in the tissue better than the conventional liquid medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kožák
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 3, 53121 Bonn, Germany; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203/8, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Miloslava Rabišková
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203/8, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Alf Lamprecht
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 3, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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16
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Weng J, Tong HHY, Chow SF. In Vitro Release Study of the Polymeric Drug Nanoparticles: Development and Validation of a Novel Method. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E732. [PMID: 32759786 PMCID: PMC7465254 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro release study is a critical test to assess the safety, efficacy, and quality of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems, but there is no compendial or regulatory standard. The variety of testing methods makes direct comparison among different systems difficult. We herein proposed a novel sample and separate (SS) method by combining the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) apparatus II (paddle) with well-validated centrifugal ultrafiltration (CU) technique that efficiently separated the free drug from nanoparticles. Polymeric drug nanoparticles were prepared by using a four-stream multi-inlet vortex mixer with d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate as a stabilizer. Itraconazole, cholecalciferol, and flurbiprofen were selected to produce three different nanoparticles with particle size <100 nm. By comparing with the dialysis membrane (DM) method and the SS methods using syringe filters, this novel SS + CU technique was considered the most appropriate in terms of the accuracy and repeatability to provide the in vitro release kinetics of nanoparticles. Interestingly, the DM method appeared to misestimate the release kinetics of nanoparticles through separate mechanisms. This work offers a superior analytical technique for studying in vitro drug release from polymeric nanoparticles, which could benefit the future development of in vitro-in vivo correlation of polymeric nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Weng
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Henry H. Y. Tong
- School of Health Sciences and Sports, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao SAR, China;
| | - Shing Fung Chow
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China;
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17
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In vitro release testing methods for drug-releasing vaginal rings. J Control Release 2019; 313:54-69. [PMID: 31626862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Drug-releasing vaginal rings are torus-shaped devices, generally fabricated from thermoplastic polymers or silicone elastomers, used to administer pharmaceutical drugs to the human vagina for periods typically ranging from three weeks to twelve months. One of the most important product performance tests for vaginal rings is the in vitro release test. Although it has been fifty years since a vaginal ring device was first described in the scientific literature, and despite seven drug-releasing vaginal rings having been approved for market, there is no universally accepted method for testing in vitro drug release, and only one non-compendial shaking incubator method (for the estradiol-releasing ring Estring®) is described in the US Food and Drug Administration's Dissolution Methods Database. Here, for the first time, we critically review the diverse range of test methods that have been described in the scientific literature for testing in vitro release of drug-releasing vaginal rings. Issues around in vitro-in vivo correlation and modelling of in vitro release data are also discussed.
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18
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Zieschang L, Klein M, Jung N, Krämer J, Windbergs M. Formulation development of medicated chewing gum tablets by direct compression using the SeDeM-Diagram-Expert-System. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 144:68-78. [PMID: 31493511 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Medicated chewing gums represent an orally administered dosage form with promising potential for local and systemic drug delivery. However, compared to other solid oral dosage forms, formulation development and release mechanism of medicated chewing gums are extremely complex, and thus only few products reached the approval for the market so far. Therefore, Quality by Design (QbD) approaches for rational formulation development of medicated chewing gums are needed to utilize their full potential. For chewing gum tablets, which are manufactured by direct compression, QbD approaches derived from tableting processes might be exerted. In this context, the SeDeM-Diagram-Expert-System implements the QbD approach while indicating whether a blend is suitable for direct compression and comprises powder properties, which need to be improved to facilitate the formulation development. Here, we present the successful application of the SeDeM-Diagram-Expert-System to the formulation development of medicated chewing gum tablets manufactured by direct compression. Furthermore, limitations of the SeDeM-System for medicated chewing gum tablets are evaluated and potential modifications of the system are suggested and discussed for future use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Zieschang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; PHAST Development GmbH & Co. KG, Byk-Gulden-Str. 2, Campus Konstanz, 78467, Germany
| | - Martin Klein
- PHAST Development GmbH & Co. KG, Byk-Gulden-Str. 2, Campus Konstanz, 78467, Germany
| | - Nathalie Jung
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Maike Windbergs
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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19
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Rawal M, Singh A, Amiji MM. Quality-by-Design Concepts to Improve Nanotechnology-Based Drug Development. Pharm Res 2019; 36:153. [PMID: 31482243 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2692-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to discuss the challenges associated with the development of nanoparticle-based quality drug products in adhering to the principles of quality by design (QbD) and defining appropriate quality parameters towards successful product development. With the advent of nanotechnology into the pharmaceutical field, the novel field of nanomedicine was born. Due to their unique properties in terms of size, conformation and targeted delivery, nanomedicines are able to overcome many drawbacks of conventional medicine. As nano-sized formulations have made their way into more and more therapies, it has became clear that these very unique properties create hurdles for nanomedicines in successfully traversing the regulatory pathways and there is a need to develop nanomedicines in a more controlled and consistent fashion. The elements of a QbD methodology explained in this review enable the development of nano-based formulations in a way that maximizes the possibility of success. The identification of critical quality attributes (CQA) of the drug product and its intermediates are discussed in detail with a focus on nanomaterial-based formulations. In conclusion, QbD and the identification and specification of CQAs at its core are critical to the design, development and growth of nanomaterials in pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghana Rawal
- AllExcel Inc., 1 Controls Drive, Shelton, Connecticut, 06484, USA.
| | - Amit Singh
- PureTech Health, 6 Tide Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02110, USA
| | - Mansoor M Amiji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Bouve College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
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20
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Core-shell nanofibers as drug delivery systems. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2019; 69:131-153. [PMID: 31259723 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2019-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Core-shell nanofibers have grown in popularity over the last decade owing to their special features and their many applications in biomedicine. They can be produced by electrospinning of immiscible polymer blends or emulsions through a single nozzle or by electrospinning using a coaxial nozzle. Several of the electrospinning parameters allow great versatility for the compositions and diameters of core-shell nanofibers to be produced. Morphology of core-shell nanofibers can be investigated using transmission electron microscopy and, in some cases, scanning electron microscopy. Several studies have shown that core-shell nanofibers have some advantages over monolithic nanofibers, such as better drug, protein, gene or probiotic incorporation into the nanofibers, greater control over drug release, and maintenance of protein structure and activity during electrospinning. We herein review the production and characterization of core-shell nanofibers, the critical parameters that affect their development, and their advantages as delivery systems.
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21
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How to assess orodispersible film quality? A review of applied methods and their modifications. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2019; 69:155-176. [PMID: 31259725 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2019-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a tendency toward creating innovative, easy to use and patient-friendly drug delivery systems suitable for every consumer profile, which would ensure safety, stability and acceptability of a drug. One of the relatively novel and promising approaches is the manufacture of orodispersible films (ODFs), which is an upcoming area of interest in drug delivery. They are defined as polymer thin films that disintegrate in the oral cavity within seconds, without drinking water or chewing, and eliminate the risk of choking. Gaining special usefulness in therapies of children and the elderly, ODFs seem to fill the gap in the range of preparations available for these groups of patients. As no detailed monography of ODFs including testing methods and uniform requirements has been presented in any of the pharmacopoeias to date, the aim of this article is to give an overview of the applied testing methods, their modifications and innovative approaches related to ODF quality assessment.
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22
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Sheshala R, Anuar NK, Abu Samah NH, Wong TW. In Vitro Drug Dissolution/Permeation Testing of Nanocarriers for Skin Application: a Comprehensive Review. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:164. [PMID: 30993407 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1362-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This review highlights in vitro drug dissolution/permeation methods available for topical and transdermal nanocarriers that have been designed to modulate the propensity of drug release, drug penetration into skin, and permeation into systemic circulation. Presently, a few of USFDA-approved in vitro dissolution/permeation methods are available for skin product testing with no specific application to nanocarriers. Researchers are largely utilizing the in-house dissolution/permeation testing methods of nanocarriers. These drug release and permeation methods are pending to be standardized. Their biorelevance with reference to in vivo plasma concentration-time profiles requires further exploration to enable translation of in vitro data for in vivo or clinical performance prediction.
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Speer I, Preis M, Breitkreutz J. Dissolution testing of oral film preparations: Experimental comparison of compendial and non-compendial methods. Int J Pharm 2019; 561:124-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Magri G, Selmin F, Cilurzo F, Fotaki N. Biorelevant release testing of biodegradable microspheres intended for intra-articular administration. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 139:115-122. [PMID: 30905777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of controlled release formulations used for intra-articular (IA) drug administration is challenging. Bio-relevant synovial fluids (BSF), containing physiologically relevant amounts of hyaluronic acid, phospholipids and proteins, were recently proposed to simulate healthy and osteoarthritic conditions. This work aims to evaluate the performance of different controlled release formulations of methylprednisolone (MP) for IA administration, under healthy and disease states simulated conditions. Microspheres differed in grade of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and in the theoretical drug content (i.e. 23 or 30% w/w). Their performance was compared with the commercially available suspension of MP acetate (MPA). Under osteoarthritic state simulated condition, proteins increased the MPA release and reduced the MPA hydrolysis rate, over 48 h. Regarding microspheres, the release patterns over 40 days were significantly influenced by the composition of BSF. The pattern of the release mechanism and the amount released was affected by the presence of proteins. Protein concentration affected the release and the concentration used is critical, particularly given the relevance of the concentrations to target patient populations, i.e. patients with osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Magri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Selmin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Cilurzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Nikoletta Fotaki
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
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Localized Therapy of Vaginal Infections and Inflammation: Liposomes-In-Hydrogel Delivery System for Polyphenols. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11020053. [PMID: 30691199 PMCID: PMC6410284 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11020053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural polyphenols, such as resveratrol (RES) or epicatechin (EPI), are attractive for treatments of various diseases, including vaginal infections and inflammation, because of their strong anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. However, their low solubility and consequent poor bioavailability limit their therapeutic uses. To overcome these limitations, a vaginal delivery system comprising either RES or EPI liposomes-in-hydrogel was developed. This system permits therapeutic action of both liposomal polyphenol (RES or EPI) and chitosan-based hydrogel. Liposomes of around 200 nm and entrapment efficiency of 81% and 77% for RES and EPI, respectively, were incorporated into chitosan hydrogel, respectively. Medium molecular weight chitosan (2.5%, w/w) was found to have optimal texture properties and mucoadhesiveness in ex vivo conditions. The in vitro release studies confirmed the sustained release of polyphenols from the system. Both liposomal polyphenols and polyphenols-in-liposomes-in-hydrogel exhibited only minor effects on cell toxicity. EPI showed superior radical scavenging activity at lower concentrations compared to antioxidants vitamin C and E. Anti-inflammatory activity expressed as the inhibitory activity of formulations on the NO production in the LPS-induced macrophages (RAW 264.7) confirmed the superiority of EPI liposomes-in-hydrogel. The plain liposomes-in-hydrogel also exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity, suggesting that chitosan hydrogel acts in synergy regarding anti-inflammatory effect of formulation.
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26
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Redfearn A, Scarpa M, Orlu M, Hanson B. In Vitro Oral Cavity Model for Screening the Disintegration Behavior of Orodispersible Films: A Bespoke Design. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:1831-1836. [PMID: 30639737 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The availability of biorelevant methods for the disintegration study of pharmaceutical orodispersible dosage forms is required. The disintegration of orodispersibles should be assessed using in vitro methods that can combine biorelevant volumes of disintegration medium and mechanical stresses mimicking in vivo conditions. This study proposes an adaptation of a mechanical oral cavity model for the disintegration study of orodispersible films. A periodic compression is applied to the sample in the presence of a biorelevant volume of artificial salivary fluid. Four orodispersible film samples (P1, C1, P2, and C2), differing in polymer type and molecular weight, and Listerine® were tested and filmed during disintegration. An image analysis program was developed for the determination of the volume reduction of the film matrix over time, as a descriptor of film disintegration behavior. Samples P1 and Listerine® showed a volume reduction at 180 s of >90%, C1, P2, and C2 were 85%, 48%, and 37%, respectively. The model was able to detect differences in the disintegration behavior of the 4 samples, and results were comparable with the benchmark product. The concept of disintegration behavior of orodispersible films was introduced for the first time as an informative method for the study of orodispersible dosage form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Redfearn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, UK.
| | | | - Mine Orlu
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ben Hanson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
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27
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Irimia T, Dinu-Pîrvu CE, Ghica MV, Lupuleasa D, Muntean DL, Udeanu DI, Popa L. Chitosan-Based In Situ Gels for Ocular Delivery of Therapeutics: A State-of-the-Art Review. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:E373. [PMID: 30304825 PMCID: PMC6212818 DOI: 10.3390/md16100373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular in situ gels are a promising alternative to overcome drawbacks of conventional eye drops because they associate the advantages of solutions such as accuracy and reproducibility of dosing, or ease of administration with prolonged contact time of ointments. Chitosan is a natural polymer suitable for use in ophthalmic formulations due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, mucoadhesive character, antibacterial and antifungal properties, permeation enhancement and corneal wound healing effects. The combination of chitosan, pH-sensitive polymer, with other stimuli-responsive polymers leads to increased mechanical strength of formulations and an improved therapeutic effect due to prolonged ocular contact time. This review describes in situ gelling systems resulting from the association of chitosan with various stimuli-responsive polymers with emphasis on the mechanism of gel formation and application in ophthalmology. It also comprises the main techniques for evaluation of chitosan in situ gels, along with requirements of safety and ocular tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Irimia
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Bucharest 020956, Romania.
| | - Cristina-Elena Dinu-Pîrvu
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Bucharest 020956, Romania.
| | - Mihaela Violeta Ghica
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Bucharest 020956, Romania.
| | - Dumitru Lupuleasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Bucharest 020956, Romania.
| | - Daniela-Lucia Muntean
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Analysis of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Târgu Mureş, Târgu Mureş 540138, Romania.
| | - Denisa Ioana Udeanu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Bucharest 020956, Romania.
| | - Lăcrămioara Popa
- Department of Physical and Colloidal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Bucharest 020956, Romania.
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28
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de Graaff W, Grimard B. Progesterone-releasing devices for cattle estrus induction and synchronization: Device optimization to anticipate shorter treatment durations and new device developments. Theriogenology 2018; 112:34-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Padula C, Pescina S, Nicoli S, Santi P. Generic patches containing fentanyl: In vitro equivalence and abuse deterrent evaluation according to EMA and FDA guidelines. Int J Pharm 2018; 537:57-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Jug M, Hafner A, Lovrić J, Kregar ML, Pepić I, Vanić Ž, Cetina-Čižmek B, Filipović-Grčić J. An overview of in vitro dissolution/release methods for novel mucosal drug delivery systems. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 147:350-366. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Simon A, Amaro MI, Healy AM, Cabral LM, de Sousa VP. Development of a Discriminative In Vitro Release Test for Rivastigmine Transdermal Patches Using Pharmacopeial Apparatuses: USP 5 and USP 6. AAPS PharmSciTech 2017; 18:2561-2569. [PMID: 28224389 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0738-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop and validate a discriminating in vitro release test to evaluate rivastigmine transdermal patches. The Exelon® Patch was chosen as a model transdermal product. The studies of in vitro release were designed to determine the impact of the official apparatus chosen (USP apparatus 5 and USP apparatus 6), the rotation speed, and the dissolution medium characteristics on the rivastigmine release profile from transdermal patches. Patches with different drug release profiles were tested in order to evaluate the discriminating power of the in vitro release test developed and validated. Variables such as the apparatus type, the dissolution medium, and the rotation speed have a significant influence on the drug release characteristics from a transdermal patch. The in vitro release methodologies using the USP apparatus 5 at 50 rpm and USP apparatus 6 at 25 rpm using the medium phosphate-buffered saline pH 7.4 were considered discriminative and adequate to characterize the rivastigmine (RV) release from a commercial transdermal patch, Exelon® Patch.
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Petrović S, Tačić A, Savić S, Nikolić V, Nikolić L, Savić S. Sulfanilamide in solution and liposome vesicles; in vitro release and UV-stability studies. Saudi Pharm J 2017; 25:1194-1200. [PMID: 30166909 PMCID: PMC6111141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The main goal of this study was to develop a liposome formulation with sulfanilamide and to investigate the liposomes impact on its release and stability to the UV-A/UV-B and UV-C irradiation. Liposome dispersions with incorporated sulfanilamide were prepared by thin-film hydration method and liposomes role to the sulfanilamide release was investigated by using a dialysis method. Comparatively, sulfanilamide in phosphate buffer solution was subject to release study as well to the UV irradiation providing for the possibilities of kinetics analysis. In vitro drug release study demonstrated that 20% of sulfanilamide was released from liposomes within 1 h that is approximately twice as slower as in the case of dissolved sulfanilamide in phosphate buffer solution. The kinetic release process can be described by Korsmeyer–Peppas model and according to the value of diffusion release exponent it can be concluded that drug release mechanism is based on the phenomenon of diffusion. The sulfanilamide degradation in phosphate buffer solution and liposomes is related to the formation of UV-induced degradation products that are identified by UHPLC/MS analysis as: sulfanilic acid, aniline and benzidine. The UV-induced sulfanilamide degradation in the phosphate buffer solution and liposome vesicles fits the first- order kinetic model. The degradation rate constants are dependent on the involved UV photons energy input as well as sulfanilamide microenvironment. Liposome microenvironment provides better irradiation sulfanilamide stability. The obtained results suggest that liposomes might be promising carriers for delayed sulfanilamide delivery and may serve as a basis for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Petrović
- University of Nis - Faculty of Technology, Department of Organic and Technological Sciences, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia
| | - Ana Tačić
- University of Nis - Faculty of Technology, Department of Organic and Technological Sciences, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia
| | - Saša Savić
- University of Nis - Faculty of Technology, Department of Organic and Technological Sciences, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia
| | - Vesna Nikolić
- University of Nis - Faculty of Technology, Department of Organic and Technological Sciences, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia
| | - Ljubiša Nikolić
- University of Nis - Faculty of Technology, Department of Organic and Technological Sciences, Bulevar Oslobodjenja 124, 16000 Leskovac, Serbia
| | - Sanela Savić
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia.,DCP Hemigal, Tekstilna 97, 1600 Leskovac, Serbia
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Critical quality attributes, in vitro release and correlated in vitro skin permeation-in vivo tape stripping collective data for demonstrating therapeutic (non)equivalence of topical semisolids: A case study of "ready-to-use" vehicles. Int J Pharm 2017; 528:253-267. [PMID: 28602800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to prove the ability of "ready-to-use" topical vehicles based on alkyl polyglucoside-mixed emulsifier (with/without co-solvent modifications) to replace the conventionally used pharmacopoeial bases (e.g., non-ionic hydrophilic cream) in compounding practice. For this purpose, considering the regulatory efforts to establish alternative, scientifically valid methods for evaluating therapeutic equivalence of topical semisolids, we performed a comparative assessment of microstructure, selected critical quality attributes (CQAs) and in vitro/in vivo product performances, by utilizing aceclofenac as a model drug. The differences in composition between investigated samples have imposed remarkable variances in monitored CQAs (particularly in the amount of aceclofenac dissolved, rheological properties and water distribution mode), reflecting the distinct differences in microstructure formed, as partially observed by polarization microscopy and confocal Raman spectral imaging. Although not fully indicative of the in vivo performances, in vitro release data (vertical diffusion vs. immersion cells) proved the microstructure peculiarities, asserting the rheological properties as decisive factor for obtained liberation profiles. Contrary, in vitro permeation results obtained using pig ear epidermis correlated well with in vivo dermatopharmacokinetic data and distinguished unequivocally between tested formulations, emphasizing the importance of skin/vehicle interactions. In summary, suggested multi-faceted approach can provide adequate proof on topical semisolids therapeutic equivalence or lack thereof.
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Pescina S, Macaluso C, Gioia GA, Padula C, Santi P, Nicoli S. Mydriatics release from solid and semi-solid ophthalmic formulations using different in vitro methods. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 43:1472-1479. [PMID: 28426341 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1318910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present paper was the development of semi-solid (hydrogels) and solid (film) ophthalmic formulations for the controlled release of two mydriatics: phenylephrine and tropicamide. The formulations - based on polyvinylalcohol and hyaluronic acid - were characterized, and release studies were performed with three different in vitro set-ups, i.e. Franz-type diffusion cell, vial method and inclined plane; for comparison, a solution and a commercial insert, both clinically used to induce mydriasis, were evaluated. Both gels and film allowed for a controlled release of drugs, appearing a useful alternative for mydriatics administration. However, the release kinetic was significantly influenced by the method used, highlighting the need for optimization and standardization of in vitro models for the evaluation of drug release from ophthalmic dosage forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pescina
- a Food and Drug Department , University of Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - Claudio Macaluso
- b Ophthalmology Department, DiMeC , University of Parma , Parma , Italy
| | | | - Cristina Padula
- a Food and Drug Department , University of Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - Patrizia Santi
- a Food and Drug Department , University of Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - Sara Nicoli
- a Food and Drug Department , University of Parma , Parma , Italy
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Jøraholmen MW, Basnet P, Acharya G, Škalko-Basnet N. PEGylated liposomes for topical vaginal therapy improve delivery of interferon alpha. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 113:132-139. [PMID: 28087379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies regarding mucosal drug delivery indicate that nanosystems with surface-available polyethylene glycol (PEG) are able to penetrate mucus barrier, assure closer contact with the epithelium, and improve drug delivery to vagina. In the present work, we developed the mucus-penetrating PEGylated liposomes containing interferon alpha-2b (IFN α-2b), destined to provide localized therapy for human papilloma virus (HPV) vaginal infections. The PEGylated liposomes were of a mean size of 181±8nm, bearing a negative zeta potential of - 13mV and an entrapment efficiency of 81±10%. In vitro release experiments on model membrane showed a nearly non-existent IFN α-2b release from both the control and liposomally-associated IFN α-2b. However, the ex vivo penetration studies performed on the vaginal tissue obtained from pregnant sheep, showed the clear elevated IFN α-2b penetration from PEGylated liposomes as compared to the control. Furthermore, mucin studies confirmed the absence of interaction between the PEG-modified liposomes and mucin, confirming their ability to penetrate mucus and reach the deeper epithelium. The system holds a promise in improving topical delivery of IFN α-2b through enhanced efficacy of local anti-viral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Wenche Jøraholmen
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Purusotam Basnet
- Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of North Norway, Sykehusveien 5738, 9038 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Ganesh Acharya
- Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of North Norway, Sykehusveien 5738, 9038 Tromsø, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, Intervention & Technology, Karolinska Institute, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Nataša Škalko-Basnet
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
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Mori K, Hori S, Kawata T, Kogure S, Matsumoto K, Hasegawa T, Akimoto M. The in Vitro Release of Indomethacin from Suppositories: Effects of Bases and Comparison of Different Dissolution Methods. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2017; 65:674-677. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c16-00794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Mori
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | - Seiichi Hori
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | - Tsubasa Kawata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | - Sanae Kogure
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | - Kaori Matsumoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | - Tetsuya Hasegawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | - Masayuki Akimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
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Zupančič Š, Potrč T, Baumgartner S, Kocbek P, Kristl J. Formulation and evaluation of chitosan/polyethylene oxide nanofibers loaded with metronidazole for local infections. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 95:152-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ahnfelt E, Sjögren E, Hansson P, Lennernäs H. In Vitro Release Mechanisms of Doxorubicin From a Clinical Bead Drug-Delivery System. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:3387-3398. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Development and evaluation of accelerated drug release testing methods for a matrix-type intravaginal ring. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 110:1-12. [PMID: 27793758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Accelerated drug release testing is a valuable quality control tool for long-acting non-oral extended release formulations. Currently, several intravaginal ring candidates designed for the long-term delivery of steroids or anti-infective drugs are being in the developing pipeline. The present article addresses the demand for accelerated drug release methods for these formulations. We describe the development and evaluation of accelerated release methods for a steroid releasing matrix-type intravaginal ring. The drug release properties of the formulation were evaluated under real-time and accelerated test conditions. Under real-time test conditions drug release from the intravaginal ring was strongly affected by the steroid solubility in the release medium. Under sufficient sink conditions that were provided in release media containing surfactants drug release was Fickian diffusion driven. Both temperature and hydro-organic dissolution media were successfully employed to accelerate drug release from the formulation. Drug release could be further increased by combining the temperature effect with the application of a hydro-organic release medium. The formulation continued to exhibit a diffusion controlled release kinetic under the investigated accelerated conditions. Moreover, the accelerated methods were able to differentiate between different prototypes of the intravaginal ring that exhibited different release profiles under real-time test conditions. Overall, the results of the present study indicate that both temperature and hydro-organic release media are valid parameters for accelerating drug release from the intravaginal ring. Variation of either a single or both parameters yielded release profiles that correlated well with real-time release.
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40
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Swaine T, Tang Y, Garcia P, John J, Waters LJ, Lewis AL. Evaluation of ion exchange processes in drug-eluting embolization beads by use of an improved flow-through elution method. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 93:351-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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41
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Hori S, Kawada T, Kogure S, Yabu S, Mori K, Akimoto M. Comparative release studies on suppositories using the basket, paddle, dialysis tubing and flow-through cell methods I. Acetaminophen in a lipophilic base suppository. Pharm Dev Technol 2016; 22:130-135. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2016.1230132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seiichi Hori
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Kawada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sanae Kogure
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinako Yabu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenji Mori
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Akimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane, Chiba, Japan
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Janagam DR, Wang L, Ananthula S, Johnson JR, Lowe TL. An Accelerated Release Study to Evaluate Long-Acting Contraceptive Levonorgestrel-Containing in Situ Forming Depot Systems. Pharmaceutics 2016; 8:E28. [PMID: 27598191 PMCID: PMC5039447 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics8030028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polymer-based injectable in situ forming depot (ISD) systems that solidify in the body to form a solid or semisolid reservoir are becoming increasingly attractive as an injectable dosage form for sustained (months to years) parenteral drug delivery. Evaluation of long-term drug release from the ISD systems during the formulation development is laborious and costly. An accelerated release method that can effectively correlate the months to years of long-term release in a short time such as days or weeks is economically needed. However, no such accelerated ISD system release method has been reported in the literature to date. The objective of the current study was to develop a short-term accelerated in vitro release method for contraceptive levonorgestrel (LNG)-containing ISD systems to screen formulations for more than 3-month contraception after a single subcutaneous injection. The LNG-containing ISD formulations were prepared by using biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and polylactic acid polymer and solvent mixtures containing N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and benzyl benzoate or triethyl citrate. Drug release studies were performed under real-time (long-term) conditions (PBS, pH 7.4, 37 °C) and four accelerated (short-term) conditions: (A) PBS, pH 7.4, 50 °C; (B) 25% ethanol in PBS, pH 7.4, 50 °C; (C) 25% ethanol in PBS, 2% Tween 20, pH 7.4, 50 °C; and (D) 25% ethanol in PBS, 2% Tween 20, pH 9, 50 °C. The LNG release profile, including the release mechanism under the accelerated condition D within two weeks, correlated (r² ≥ 0.98) well with that under real-time conditions at four months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileep R Janagam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Lizhu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Suryatheja Ananthula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - James R Johnson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Tao L Lowe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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da Silva AS, da Rosa Silva CE, Paula FR, da Silva FEB. Discriminative Dissolution Method for Benzoyl Metronidazole Oral Suspension. AAPS PharmSciTech 2016; 17:778-86. [PMID: 26349689 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-015-0407-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A dissolution method for benzoyl metronidazole (BMZ) oral suspensions was developed and validated using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. After determination of sink conditions, dissolution profiles were evaluated using different dissolution media and agitation speeds. The sample insertion mode in dissolution media was also evaluated. The best conditions were obtained using a paddle, 50 rpm stirring speed, simulated gastric fluid (without pepsin) as the dissolution medium, and sample insertion by a syringe. These conditions were suitable for providing sink conditions and discriminatory power between different formulations. Through the tested conditions, the results can be considered specific, linear, precise, accurate, and robust. The dissolution profiles of five samples were compared using the similarity factor (f 2) and dissolution efficiency. The dissolution kinetics were evaluated and described by the Weibull model. Whereas there is no monograph for this pharmaceutical formulation, the dissolution method proposed can be considered suitable for quality control and dissolution profile comparison of different commercial formulations.
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45
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Tajiri T, Morita S, Sakamoto R, Mimura H, Ozaki Y, Reppas C, Kitamura S. Developing dissolution testing methodologies for extended-release oral dosage forms with supersaturating properties. Case example: Solid dispersion matrix of indomethacin. Int J Pharm 2015; 490:368-74. [PMID: 26022889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop an in vitro dissolution test method with discrimination ability for an extended-release solid dispersion matrix of a lipophilic drug using the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Apparatus 4, flow-through cell apparatus. In the open-loop configuration, the sink condition was maintained by manipulating the flow rate of the dissolution medium. To evaluate the testing conditions, the drug release mechanism from an extended-release solid dispersion matrix containing hydrophobic and hydrophilic polymers was investigated. As the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) maintained concentrations of indomethacin higher than the solubility in a dissolution medium, the release of HPMC into the dissolution medium was also quantified using size-exclusion chromatography. We concluded that the USP Apparatus 4 is suitable for application to an in vitro dissolution method for orally administered extended-release solid dispersion matrix formulations containing poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Tajiri
- CTM Manufacturing, Astellas Pharma Europe B.V., Leiden 2333 BE, The Netherlands.
| | - Shigeaki Morita
- Department of Engineering Science, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Neyagawa, Osaka 572-8530, Japan
| | - Ryosaku Sakamoto
- Analytical Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0072, Japan
| | - Hisahi Mimura
- Analytical Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., Yaizu, Shizuoka 425-0072, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei-Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Christos Reppas
- Faculty of Pharmacy, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 157 71 Zografou, Greece
| | - Satoshi Kitamura
- Technology Planning & Administration Strategic Planning, Astellas Pharma Inc., Chuo, Tokyo 103-8411, Japan
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Lusina Kregar M, Dürrigl M, Rožman A, Jelčić Ž, Cetina-Čižmek B, Filipović-Grčić J. Development and validation of an in vitro release method for topical particulate delivery systems. Int J Pharm 2015; 485:202-14. [PMID: 25772416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop an in vitro release method for topical particulate delivery systems using the immersion cell in combination with paddle dissolution apparatus. Chitosan- and methacrylate-based microparticles with mupirocin were prepared and used as model topical delivery systems for method development. Diffusion of the drug occurred across a mixed cellulose ester membrane, which demonstrated low drug adsorption and low diffusional resistance. After an initial lag phase the amount of drug released became proportional to the square root of time. The method was discriminative toward differences in formulation, as well as toward differences in drug concentration inside the sample compartment. The method was further used to confirm sameness between batches of the same composition prepared by the same process. Variations in paddle rotation speed (25 rpm, 50 rpm, 100 rpm), paddle height (1cm, 2.5 cm) and volume of release medium (100ml, 200 ml) did not significantly alter the release rates. The method of analysis was validated according to ICH guidelines. Currently there are no compendial or standard methods and apparatuses for in vitro release testing of topical microparticles. The developed method can be a useful guide in formulation development of such delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marjana Dürrigl
- PLIVA Croatia Ltd., Prilaz baruna Filipovića 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Andrea Rožman
- PLIVA Croatia Ltd., Prilaz baruna Filipovića 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Želimir Jelčić
- PLIVA Croatia Ltd., Prilaz baruna Filipovića 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | - Jelena Filipović-Grčić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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47
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In vitro dissolution testing of oral thin films: A comparison between USP 1, USP 2 apparatuses and a new millifluidic flow-through device. Chem Eng Res Des 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2014.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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48
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Abstract
This review summarizes the methods used to study real-time (37°C) drug release from nanoparticulate drug delivery systems and establish an IVIVC. Since no compendial standards exist, drug release is currently assessed using a variety of methods including sample and separate (SS), continuous flow (CF), dialysis membrane (DM) methods, and a combination thereof, as well as novel techniques like voltametry and turbidimetry. This review describes the principle of each method along with their advantages and disadvantages, including challenges with set-up and sampling. The SS method allows direct measurement of drug release with simple set-up requirements, but sampling is cumbersome. With the CF method, sampling is straightforward but the set-up is time consuming. Set-up as well as sampling is easier with the DM, but it may not be suitable for drugs that bind to the membrane. Novel methods offer the possibility of real-time drug release measurement but may be restricted to certain types of drugs. Of these methods, Level A IVIVCs have been obtained with dialysis, alone or in combination with the sample and separate technique. Future efforts should focus on developing mathematical models that describe drug release mechanisms as well as facilitate formulation development of nano-sized dosage forms.
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Beber T, Andrade D, Kann B, Fontana M, Coradini K, Windbergs M, Beck R. Submicron polymeric particles prepared by vibrational spray-drying: Semisolid formulation and skin penetration/permeation studies. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 88:602-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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50
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Kostewicz ES, Abrahamsson B, Brewster M, Brouwers J, Butler J, Carlert S, Dickinson PA, Dressman J, Holm R, Klein S, Mann J, McAllister M, Minekus M, Muenster U, Müllertz A, Verwei M, Vertzoni M, Weitschies W, Augustijns P. In vitro models for the prediction of in vivo performance of oral dosage forms. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 57:342-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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