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Bairqdar A, Shakhtshneider E, Ivanoshchuk D, Mikhailova S, Kashtanova E, Shramko V, Polonskaya Y, Ragino Y. Rare Variants of Obesity-Associated Genes in Young Adults with Abdominal Obesity. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1500. [PMID: 37888112 PMCID: PMC10608506 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13101500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in the prevalence of overweight, obesity and associated diseases is a serious problem. The aim of the study was to identify rare variants in obesity-associated genes in young adults with abdominal obesity in our population and to analyze information about these variants in other populations. Targeted high-throughput sequencing of obesity-associated genes was performed (203 young adults with an abdominal obesity phenotype). In our study, all of the 203 young adults with abdominal obesity had some rare variant in the genes associated with obesity. The widest range of rare and common variants was presented in ADIPOQ, FTO, GLP1R, GHRL, and INS genes. The use of targeted sequencing and clinical criteria makes it possible to identify carriers of rare clinically significant variants in a wide range of obesity-associated genes and to investigate their influence on phenotypic manifestations of abdominal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Bairqdar
- Federal Research Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.B.)
- Department of Genetics, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str., 1, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena Shakhtshneider
- Federal Research Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.B.)
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogatkova Str. 175/1, 630004 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dinara Ivanoshchuk
- Federal Research Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.B.)
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogatkova Str. 175/1, 630004 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana Mikhailova
- Federal Research Center, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.B.)
| | - Elena Kashtanova
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogatkova Str. 175/1, 630004 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Viktoriya Shramko
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogatkova Str. 175/1, 630004 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yana Polonskaya
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogatkova Str. 175/1, 630004 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yuliya Ragino
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine, Branch of Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Bogatkova Str. 175/1, 630004 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Functionally Significant Variants in Genes Associated with Abdominal Obesity: A Review. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13030460. [PMID: 36983642 PMCID: PMC10056771 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13030460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of obesity and of its associated diseases is a major problem worldwide. Genetic predisposition and the influence of environmental factors contribute to the development of obesity. Changes in the structure and functional activity of genes encoding adipocytokines are involved in the predisposition to weight gain and obesity. In this review, variants in genes associated with adipocyte function are examined, as are variants in genes associated with metabolic aberrations and the accompanying disorders in visceral obesity.
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Delai A, Gomes PM, Foss-Freitas MC, Elias J, Antonini SR, Castro M, Moreira AC, Mermejo LM. Hyperinsulinemic-Euglycemic Clamp Strengthens the Insulin Resistance in Nonclassical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e1106-e1116. [PMID: 34693966 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insulin sensitivity evaluation by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NC-CAH) due to 21-hydroxilase deficiency. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional study at university hospital outpatient clinics. PATIENTS AND METHODS NC-CAH patients (25 females, 6 males; 24 ± 10 years) subdivided into C/NC (compound heterozygous for 1 classical and 1 nonclassical allele) and NC/NC (2 nonclassical alleles) genotypes were compared to controls. RESULTS At diagnosis, C/NC patients presented higher basal and adrenocorticotropin-stimulated 17-hydroxyprogesterone and androstenedione levels than NC/NC genotype. Patients and controls presented similar weight, body mass index, abdominal circumference, and total fat body mass. NC-CAH patients showed higher waist-to-hip ratio, lower adiponectin and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with no changes in fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, leptin, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, C-reactive protein, and carotid-intima-media thickness. All patients had used glucocorticoid (mean time of 73 months). Among the 22 patients with successful clamp, 13 were still receiving glucocorticoid-3 patients using cortisone acetate, 9 dexamethasone, and 1 prednisone (hydrocortisone equivalent dose of 5.5mg/m²/day), while 9 patients were off glucocorticoid but had previously used (hydrocortisone equivalent dose of 5.9mg/m2/day). The NC-CAH patients presented lower Mffm than controls (31 ± 20 vs 55 ± 23µmol/min-1/kg-1, P = 0.002). The Mffm values were inversely correlated with the duration of glucocorticoid treatment (r = -0.44, P = 0.04). There was association of insulin resistance and glucocorticoid type but not with androgen levels. CONCLUSION Using the gold standard method, the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, insulin resistance was present in NC-CAH patients and related to prolonged use and long-acting glucocorticoid treatment. Glucocorticoid replacement and cardiometabolic risks should be monitored regularly in NC-CAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Delai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Patricia M Gomes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Maria Cristina Foss-Freitas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Jorge Elias
- Departments of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Oncology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Sonir R Antonini
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Margaret Castro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Ayrton C Moreira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Livia M Mermejo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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Barbieri MA, Ferraro AA, Simões VMF, Goldani MZ, Cardoso VC, Moura da Silva AA, Bettiol H. Cohort Profile: The 1978-79 Ribeirao Preto (Brazil) birth cohort study. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 51:27-28g. [PMID: 34564724 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyab190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Antônio Barbieri
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Zubaran Goldani
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Viviane Cunha Cardoso
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Heloisa Bettiol
- Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Foss-Freitas MC, Akinci B, Luo Y, Stratton A, Oral EA. Diagnostic strategies and clinical management of lipodystrophy. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2020; 15:95-114. [PMID: 32368944 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2020.1735360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Lipodystrophy is a heterogeneous group of rare diseases characterized by various degrees of fat loss which leads to serious morbidity due to metabolic abnormalities associated with insulin resistance and subtype-specific clinical features associated with underlying molecular etiology.Areas covered: This article aims to help physicians address challenges in diagnosing and managing lipodystrophy. We systematically reviewed the literature on PubMed and Google Scholar databases to summarize the current knowledge in lipodystrophy management.Expert opinion: Adipose tissue is a highly active endocrine organ that regulates metabolic homeostasis in the human body through a comprehensive communication network with other organ systems such as the central nervous system, liver, digestive system, and the immune system. The adipose tissue is capable of producing and secreting numerous factors with important endocrine functions such as leptin that regulates energy homeostasis. Recent developments in the field have helped to solve some of the mysteries behind lipodystrophy that allowed us to get a better understanding of adipocyte function and differentiation. From a clinical standpoint, physicians who suspect lipodystrophy should distinguish the disease from several others that may present with similar clinical features. It is also important for physicians to carefully interpret clinical features, laboratory, and imaging results before moving to more sophisticated tests and making decisions about therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Foss-Freitas
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes (MEND), Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, Sao Paulo University, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Baris Akinci
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes (MEND), Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yingying Luo
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes (MEND), Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Elif A Oral
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes (MEND), Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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He J, Stryjecki C, Reddon H, Peralta-Romero J, Karam-Araujo R, Suarez F, Gomez-Zamudio J, Burguete-Garcia A, Alyass A, Cruz M, Meyre D. Adiponectin is associated with cardio-metabolic traits in Mexican children. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3084. [PMID: 30816311 PMCID: PMC6395686 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39801-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The adipocyte-derived adiponectin hormone bridges obesity and its cardio-metabolic complications. Genetic variants at the ADIPOQ locus, in ADIPOR1, and ADIPOR2 have been associated with adiponectin concentrations and cardio-metabolic complications in diverse ethnicities. However, no studies have examined these associations in Mexican children. We recruited 1 457 Mexican children from Mexico City. Six genetic variants in or near ADIPOQ (rs182052, rs2241766, rs266729, rs822393), ADIPOR1 (rs10920533), and ADIPOR2 (rs11061971) were genotyped. Associations between serum adiponectin, genetic variants, and cardio-metabolic traits were assessed using linear and logistic regressions adjusted for age, sex, and recruitment center. Serum adiponectin concentration was negatively associated with body mass index, waist to hip ratio, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and overweight/obesity status (7.76 × 10−40 ≤ p ≤ 3.00 × 10−3). No significant associations between genetic variants in ADIPOQ, ADIPOR1, and ADIPOR2 and serum adiponectin concentration were identified (all p ≥ 0.30). No significant associations between the six genetic variants and cardio-metabolic traits were observed after Bonferroni correction (all p < 6.9 × 10−4). Our study suggests strong associations between circulating adiponectin concentration and cardio-metabolic traits in Mexican children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juehua He
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Carolina Stryjecki
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Hudson Reddon
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Jesus Peralta-Romero
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roberto Karam-Araujo
- Health Promotion Division, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernando Suarez
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Gomez-Zamudio
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana Burguete-Garcia
- Centro de investigación sobre enfermedades infecciosas. Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Akram Alyass
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Miguel Cruz
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - David Meyre
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada. .,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
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Yamada Y, Kato K, Oguri M, Horibe H, Fujimaki T, Yasukochi Y, Takeuchi I, Sakuma J. Identification of four genes as novel susceptibility loci for early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, or hyperuricemia. Biomed Rep 2018; 9:21-36. [PMID: 29930802 PMCID: PMC6006760 DOI: 10.3892/br.2018.1105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Given that early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and hyperuricemia have been shown to have strong genetic components, the statistical power of a genetic association study may be increased by focusing on early-onset subjects with these conditions. Although genome-wide association studies have identified various genes and loci significantly associated with T2DM, MetS, and hyperuricemia, genetic variants that contribute to predisposition to these conditions in Japanese subjects remain to be identified definitively. We performed exome-wide association studies (EWASs) for early-onset T2DM, MetS, or hyperuricemia to identify genetic variants that confer susceptibility to these conditions. A total of 8,102 individuals aged ≤65 years were enrolled in the present study. The EWAS for T2DM was performed with 7,407 subjects (1,696 cases, 5,711 controls), that for MetS with 4,215 subjects (2,296 cases, 1,919 controls), and that for hyperuricemia with 7,919 subjects (1,365 cases, 6,554 controls). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped with Illumina Human Exome-12 DNA Analysis BeadChip or Infinium Exome-24 BeadChip arrays. The relationship of allele frequencies for 31,210, 31,521, or 31,142 SNPs that passed quality control for T2DM, MetS, or hyperuricemia, respectively, was examined with Fisher's exact test. To compensate for multiple comparisons of genotypes with T2DM, MetS, or hyperuricemia, we applied Bonferroni's correction for statistical significance of association. The EWAS of allele frequencies revealed that four, six, or nine SNPs were significantly associated with T2DM (P<1.60×10-6), MetS (P<1.59×10-6), or hyperuricemia (P<1.61×10-6), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age and sex revealed that three, six, or nine SNPs were significantly related to T2DM (P<0.0031), MetS (P<0.0021), or hyperuricemia (P<0.0014). After examination of the association of identified SNPs to T2DM-, MetS-, or hyperuricemia-related traits, linkage disequilibrium of the SNPs, and results of previous genome-wide association studies, newly identified ZNF860 and OR4F6 were the susceptibility loci for T2DM, OR52E4 and OR4F6 for MetS, and HERPUD2 for hyperuricemia. Given that OR4F6 was significantly associated with both T2DM and MetS, we newly identified four genes (ZNF860, OR4F6, OR52E4, HERPUD2) that confer susceptibility to early-onset T2DM, MetS, or hyperuricemia. Determination of genotypes for the SNPs in these genes may prove informative for assessment of the genetic risk for T2DM, MetS, or hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiji Yamada
- Department of Human Functional Genomics, Advanced Science Research Promotion Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Kimihiko Kato
- Department of Human Functional Genomics, Advanced Science Research Promotion Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Meitoh Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi 465-0025, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Oguri
- Department of Human Functional Genomics, Advanced Science Research Promotion Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.,Department of Cardiology, Kasugai Municipal Hospital, Kasugai, Aichi 486-8510, Japan
| | - Hideki Horibe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gifu Prefectural Tajimi Hospital, Tajimi, Gifu 507-8522, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Fujimaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Northern Mie Medical Center Inabe General Hospital, Inabe, Mie 511-0428, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yasukochi
- Department of Human Functional Genomics, Advanced Science Research Promotion Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takeuchi
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.,Department of Computer Science, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan.,RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
| | - Jun Sakuma
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.,RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan.,Computer Science Department, College of Information Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
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van Andel M, Drent ML, van Herwaarden AE, Ackermans MT, Heijboer AC. A method comparison of total and HMW adiponectin: HMW/total adiponectin ratio varies versus total adiponectin, independent of clinical condition. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 465:30-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI. Effects of Rosuvastatin Alone or in Combination with Omega-3 Fatty Acid on Adiponectin Levels and Cardiometabolic Profile. J Basic Clin Pharm 2017; 8:8-14. [PMID: 28104968 PMCID: PMC5201066 DOI: 10.4103/0976-0105.195080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiponectin is an important adipocyte-related protein that has been postulated to participate in prevention of the development of metabolic syndrome. The relationship between adiponectin serum levels and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) has been widely investigated and remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of rosuvastatin and/or omega-3 fatty acid on adiponectin serum levels in patients with insulin resistance (IR) and CAD. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study involved 87 patients with CADs and IR of different etiology, the patients were divided into three groups; 24 patients on treatment with rosuvastatin, 22 patients on treatment with omega-3 fatty acid, 23 patients on treatment with omega-3 fatty acid and rosuvastatin, 18 patients were not previously or currently treated with either rosuvastatin or omega-3 fatty acid, those regarded as control patients. Anthropometric measures, adiponectin serum levels, and other biochemical parameters were assessed in each treated group. RESULTS Rosuvastatin therapy leads to a significant elevation in adiponectin serum levels from 4.1 ± 0.99 ng/mL to 6.76 ± 1.03 ng/mL compared to control P < 0.01. Omega-3 fatty acid therapy leads to a significant elevation in adiponectin serum levels from 4.1 ± 0.99 ng/mL to 6.11 ± 1.29 ng/mL compared to control P < 0.01. Rosuvastatin plus omega-3 fatty acid therapy lead to a significant elevation in adiponectin serum levels from 4.1 ± 0.99 ng/mL to 7.99 ± 1.76 ng/mL compared to control P < 0.01. CONCLUSIONS Rosuvastatin and/or omega-3 fatty acid lead to significant cardiometabolic protection through an increment in adiponectin serum levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, AlMustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, AlMustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
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10
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Dorcely B, Katz K, Jagannathan R, Chiang SS, Oluwadare B, Goldberg IJ, Bergman M. Novel biomarkers for prediabetes, diabetes, and associated complications. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2017; 10:345-361. [PMID: 28860833 PMCID: PMC5565252 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s100074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of individuals with prediabetes is expected to grow substantially and estimated to globally affect 482 million people by 2040. Therefore, effective methods for diagnosing prediabetes will be required to reduce the risk of progressing to diabetes and its complications. The current biomarkers, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fructosamine, and glycated albumin have limitations including moderate sensitivity and specificity and are inaccurate in certain clinical conditions. Therefore, identification of additional biomarkers is being explored recognizing that any single biomarker will also likely have inherent limitations. Therefore, combining several biomarkers may more precisely identify those at high risk for developing prediabetes and subsequent progression to diabetes. This review describes recently identified biomarkers and their potential utility for addressing the burgeoning epidemic of dysglycemic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Dorcely
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Karin Katz
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Ram Jagannathan
- Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stephanie S Chiang
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Babajide Oluwadare
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Ira J Goldberg
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Michael Bergman
- New York University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
- Correspondence: Michael Bergman, New York University School of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, NYU Langone Medical Center, 550 1st Avenue, Suite 5E, New York, NY 10016, USA, Tel +1 212 481 1350, Fax +1 212 481 1355, Email
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Zhao Y, Gu X, Zhang N, Kolonin MG, An Z, Sun K. Divergent functions of endotrophin on different cell populations in adipose tissue. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 311:E952-E963. [PMID: 27729337 PMCID: PMC6189636 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00314.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Endotrophin is a cleavage product of collagen 6 (Col6) in adipose tissue (AT). Previously, we demonstrated that endotrophin serves as a costimulator to trigger fibrosis and inflammation within the unhealthy AT milieu. However, how endotrophin affects lipid storage and breakdown in AT and how different cell types in AT respond to endotrophin stimulation remain unknown. In the current study, by using a doxycycline-inducible mouse model, we observed significant upregulation of adipogenic genes in the white AT (WAT) of endotrophin transgenic mice. We further showed that the mice exhibited inhibited lipolysis and accelerated hypertrophy and hyperplasia in WAT. To investigate the effects of endotrophin in vitro, we incubated different cell types from AT with conditioned medium from endotrophin-overexpressing 293T cells. We found that endotrophin activated multiple pathological pathways in different cell types. Particularly in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, endotrophin triggered a fibrotic program by upregulating collagen genes and promoted abnormal lipid accumulation by downregulating hormone-sensitive lipolysis gene and decreasing HSL phosphorylation levels. In macrophages isolated from WAT, endotrophin stimulated higher expression of the collagen-linking enzyme lysyl oxidase and M1 proinflammatory marker genes. In the stromal vascular fraction isolated from WAT, endotrophin induced upregulation of both profibrotic and proinflammatory genes. In conclusion, our study provides a new perspective on the effect of endotrophin in abnormal lipid accumulation and a mechanistic insight into the roles played by adipocytes and a variety of other cell types in AT in shaping the unhealthy microenvironment upon endotrophin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueshui Zhao
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas; and
| | - Xue Gu
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas; and
| | - Ningyan Zhang
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas; and
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Kai Sun
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas; and
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12
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Huang-Doran I, Tomlinson P, Payne F, Gast A, Sleigh A, Bottomley W, Harris J, Daly A, Rocha N, Rudge S, Clark J, Kwok A, Romeo S, McCann E, Müksch B, Dattani M, Zucchini S, Wakelam M, Foukas LC, Savage DB, Murphy R, O'Rahilly S, Barroso I, Semple RK. Insulin resistance uncoupled from dyslipidemia due to C-terminal PIK3R1 mutations. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e88766. [PMID: 27766312 PMCID: PMC5070960 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.88766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related insulin resistance is associated with fatty liver, dyslipidemia, and low plasma adiponectin. Insulin resistance due to insulin receptor (INSR) dysfunction is associated with none of these, but when due to dysfunction of the downstream kinase AKT2 phenocopies obesity-related insulin resistance. We report 5 patients with SHORT syndrome and C-terminal mutations in PIK3R1, encoding the p85α/p55α/p50α subunits of PI3K, which act between INSR and AKT in insulin signaling. Four of 5 patients had extreme insulin resistance without dyslipidemia or hepatic steatosis. In 3 of these 4, plasma adiponectin was preserved, as in insulin receptor dysfunction. The fourth patient and her healthy mother had low plasma adiponectin associated with a potentially novel mutation, p.Asp231Ala, in adiponectin itself. Cells studied from one patient with the p.Tyr657X PIK3R1 mutation expressed abundant truncated PIK3R1 products and showed severely reduced insulin-stimulated association of mutant but not WT p85α with IRS1, but normal downstream signaling. In 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, mutant p85α overexpression attenuated insulin-induced AKT phosphorylation and adipocyte differentiation. Thus, PIK3R1 C-terminal mutations impair insulin signaling only in some cellular contexts and produce a subphenotype of insulin resistance resembling INSR dysfunction but unlike AKT2 dysfunction, implicating PI3K in the pathogenesis of key components of the metabolic syndrome. C-terminal mutations in human PIK3R1 are associated with severe insulin resistance in the absence of dyslipidemia or hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Huang-Doran
- The University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,The National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Patsy Tomlinson
- The University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,The National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Felicity Payne
- Metabolic Disease Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Gast
- The University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,The National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Sleigh
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research/Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - William Bottomley
- Metabolic Disease Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Harris
- The University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,The National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Allan Daly
- Metabolic Disease Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nuno Rocha
- The University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,The National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Rudge
- Inositide Laboratory, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Clark
- Inositide Laboratory, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Albert Kwok
- The University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,The National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Romeo
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emma McCann
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Glan Clwyd Hospital, Rhyl, United Kingdom
| | - Barbara Müksch
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mehul Dattani
- Section of Genetics and Epigenetics in Health and Disease, Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Zucchini
- Pediatric Endocrine Unit, S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michael Wakelam
- Inositide Laboratory, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lazaros C Foukas
- Institute of Healthy Ageing and Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David B Savage
- The University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,The National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rinki Murphy
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Stephen O'Rahilly
- The University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,The National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Inês Barroso
- The University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,The National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Metabolic Disease Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Robert K Semple
- The University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,The National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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13
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Semple RK. EJE PRIZE 2015: How does insulin resistance arise, and how does it cause disease? Human genetic lessons. Eur J Endocrinol 2016; 174:R209-23. [PMID: 26865583 DOI: 10.1530/eje-15-1131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Insulin orchestrates physiological responses to ingested nutrients; however, although it elicits widely ramifying metabolic and trophic responses from diverse tissues, 'insulin resistance (IR)', a pandemic metabolic derangement commonly associated with obesity, is usually defined solely by blunting of insulin's hypoglycaemic effect. Recent study of monogenic forms of IR has established that biochemical subphenotypes of IR exist, clustering into those caused by primary disorders of adipose tissue and those caused by primary defects in proximal insulin signalling. IR is often first recognised by virtue of its associated disorders including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia (DL), fatty liver and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Although these clinically observed associations are confirmed by cross-sectional and longitudinal population-based studies, causal relationships among these phenomena have been more difficult to establish. Single gene IR is important to recognise in order to optimise clinical management and also permits testing of causal relationships among components of the IR syndrome using the principle of Mendelian randomisation. Thus, where a precisely defined genetic defect is identified that directly produces one component of the syndrome, then phenomena that are causally linked to that component should be seen. Where this is not the case, then a simple causal link is refuted. This article summarises known forms of monogenic severe IR and considers the lessons to be learned about the pathogenic mechanisms both upstream from common IR and those downstream linking it to disorders such as DL, fatty liver, PCOS and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Semple
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research LaboratoriesWellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Level 4, Box 289, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK
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14
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Grundy SM. Adipose tissue and metabolic syndrome: too much, too little or neither. Eur J Clin Invest 2015; 45:1209-17. [PMID: 26291691 PMCID: PMC5049481 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome. Recent research suggests that excess adipose tissue plays an important role in development of the syndrome. On the other hand, persons with a deficiency of adipose tissue (e.g. lipodystrophy) also manifest the metabolic syndrome. In some animal models, expansion of adipose tissue pools mitigates adverse metabolic components (e.g. insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia and dyslipidemia). Hence, there are conflicting data as to whether adipose tissue worsens the metabolic syndrome or protects against it. This conflict may relate partly to locations of adipose tissue pools. For instance, lower body adipose tissue may be protective whereas upper body adipose tissue may promote the syndrome. One view holds that in either case, the accumulation of ectopic fat in muscle and liver is the driving factor underlying the syndrome. If so, there may be some link between adipose tissue fat and ectopic fat. But the mechanisms underlying this connection are not clear. A stronger association appears to exist between excessive caloric intake and ectopic fat accumulation. Adipose tissue may act as a buffer to reduce the impact of excess energy consumption by fat storage; but once a constant weight has been achieved, it is unclear whether adipose tissue influences levels of ectopic fat. Another mechanism whereby adipose tissue could worsen the metabolic syndrome is through release of adipokines. This is an intriguing mechanism, but the impact of adipokines on metabolic syndrome risk factors is uncertain. Thus, many potential connections between adipose tissue and metabolic syndrome remain to unravelled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Grundy
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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15
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Xu P, Fischer-Posovszky P, Bischof J, Radermacher P, Wabitsch M, Henne-Bruns D, Wolf AM, Hillenbrand A, Knippschild U. Gene expression levels of Casein kinase 1 (CK1) isoforms are correlated to adiponectin levels in adipose tissue of morbid obese patients and site-specific phosphorylation mediated by CK1 influences multimerization of adiponectin. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 406:87-101. [PMID: 25724478 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
White adipose tissue has now been recognized as an important endocrine organ secreting bioactive molecules termed adipocytokines. In obesity, anti-inflammatory adipocytokines like adiponectin are decreased while pro-inflammatory factors are over-produced. These changes contribute to the development of insulin resistance and obesity-associated diseases. Since members of the casein kinase 1 (CK1) family are involved in the regulation of various signaling pathways we ask here whether they are able to modulate the functions of adiponectin. We show that CK1δ and ε are expressed in adipose tissue and that the expression of CK1 isoforms correlates with that of adiponectin. Furthermore, adiponectin co-immunoprecipitates with CK1δ and CK1ε and is phosphorylated by CK1δ at serine 174 and threonine 235, thereby influencing the formation of adiponectin oligomeric complexes. Furthermore, inhibition of CK1δ in human adipocytes by IC261 leads to an increase in basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. In summary, our data indicate that site-specific phosphorylation of adiponectin, especially at sites targeted by CK1δ in vitro, provides an additional regulatory mechanism for modulating adiponectin complex formation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xu
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Pamela Fischer-Posovszky
- Divison of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, Eythstrasse 24, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Joachim Bischof
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Process Development in Anesthesia, University of Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Divison of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Ulm, Eythstrasse 24, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Doris Henne-Bruns
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Wolf
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Hillenbrand
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Uwe Knippschild
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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16
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Bergman M. The Early Diabetes Intervention Program--is early actually late? Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2014; 30:654-8. [PMID: 25400067 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This Commentary briefly reviews the background of prediabetes including its definition and pathophysiology and describes as well the natural course of glycemic deterioration as it follows a continuum. Research efforts in identifying glucose and other biomarkers for the early detection of high-risk individuals are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bergman
- Diabetes and Endocrine Assoc, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Giamila Fantuzzi
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, IL , USA
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