1
|
Ramya Ranjan Nayak SP, Boopathi S, Haridevamuthu B, Arockiaraj J. Toxic ties: Unraveling the complex relationship between endocrine disrupting chemicals and chronic kidney disease. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 338:122686. [PMID: 37802289 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is inherently linked to several metabolic diseases and high mortality. The kidney is more susceptible to environmental pollutants compared to other organs as it is involved in concentrating and filtering most of these toxins. Few epidemiological studies revealed the intrinsic relationship between exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) and CKD development. Though EDCs have the potential to cause severe pathologies, the specific molecular mechanisms by which they accelerate the progression of CKD remain elusive. In particular, our understanding of how pollutants affect the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) through the gut-kidney axis is currently limited. EDCs modulate the composition and function of the gut microbial community and favor the colonization of harmful gut pathogens. This alteration leads to an overproduction of uremic toxin and membrane vesicles. These vesicles carry several inflammatory molecules that exacerbate inflammation and renal tissue damage and aggravate the progression of CKD. Several experimental studies have revealed potential pathways by which uremic toxin further aggravates CKD. These include the induction of membrane vesicle production in host cells, which can trigger inflammatory pathways and insulin resistance. Reciprocally, CKD can also modulate gut bacterial composition that might further aggravate CKD condition. Thus, EDCs pose a significant threat to kidney health and the global CKD burden. Understanding this complicated issue necessitates multidisciplinary initiatives such as strict environmental controls, public awareness, and the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting EDCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S P Ramya Ranjan Nayak
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Seenivasan Boopathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Haridevamuthu
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao H, Wang K, Suarez JA, Jin Z, Rocha KCE, Zhang D, Farrell A, Truong T, Tekin Y, Tan B, Jung HS, Kempf J, Mahata SK, Dillmann WH, Suarez J, Ying W. Gut lumen-leaked microbial DNA causes myocardial inflammation and impairs cardiac contractility in ageing mouse heart. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1216344. [PMID: 37520546 PMCID: PMC10373503 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1216344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates the critical roles of microbiota in mediating host cardiac functions in ageing, however, the mechanisms underlying the communications between microbiota and cardiac cells during the ageing process have not been fully elucidated. Bacterial DNA was enriched in the cardiomyocytes of both ageing humans and mice. Antibiotic treatment remarkably reduced bacterial DNA abundance in ageing mice. Gut microbial DNA containing extracellular vesicles (mEVs) were readily leaked into the bloodstream and infiltrated into cardiomyocytes in ageing mice, causing cardiac microbial DNA enrichment. Vsig4+ macrophages efficiently block the spread of gut mEVs whereas Vsig4+ cell population was greatly decreased in ageing mice. Gut mEV treatment resulted in cardiac inflammation and a reduction in cardiac contractility in young Vsig4-/- mice. Microbial DNA depletion attenuated the pathogenic effects of gut mEVs. cGAS/STING signaling is critical for the effects of microbial DNA. Restoring Vsig4+ macrophage population in ageing WT mice reduced cardiac microbial DNA abundance and inflammation and improved heart contractility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ke Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jorge A. Suarez
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Zhongmou Jin
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Karina Cunha e Rocha
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Dinghong Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Andrea Farrell
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Tyler Truong
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Yasemin Tekin
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Breanna Tan
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Hyun Suh Jung
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Julia Kempf
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Sushil K. Mahata
- the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Wolfgang H. Dillmann
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Jorge Suarez
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Wei Ying
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fenneman AC, Weidner M, Chen LA, Nieuwdorp M, Blaser MJ. Antibiotics in the pathogenesis of diabetes and inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20:81-100. [PMID: 36258032 PMCID: PMC9898198 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-022-00685-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic use is increasing worldwide. However, the use of antibiotics is clearly associated with changes in gut microbiome composition and function, and perturbations have been identified as potential environmental risk factors for chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. In this Review, we examine the association between the use of antibiotics and the onset and development of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, as well as coeliac disease and eosinophilic oesophagitis. We discuss the key findings of epidemiological studies, provide mechanistic insights into the pathways by which the gut microbiota might contribute to these diseases, and assess clinical trials investigating the effects of antibiotics. Such studies indicate that antibiotic exposures, varying in type, timing and dosage, could explain differences in disease risk. There seems to be a critical window in early life in which perturbation of the microbiome has a substantial effect on disease development. Identifying the antibiotic-perturbed gut microbiota as a factor that contributes to the pathophysiology of these inflammatory disorders might stimulate new approaches to prevention, diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline C. Fenneman
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Melissa Weidner
- Department of Paediatrics, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Lea Ann Chen
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences (ACS), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism (AGEM), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martin J. Blaser
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang B, Zhao J, Jiang M, Peng D, Dou X, Song Y, Shi J. The Potential Role of Gut Microbial-Derived Exosomes in Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: Implications for Treatment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:893617. [PMID: 35634340 PMCID: PMC9131825 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.893617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and incidence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), a clinically heterogeneous disease whose primary clinical therapies include dietary control and exercise therapy, is increasing worldwide and constitutes a significant medical burden. Gut microbes influence the physiopathological processes of the liver through different mechanisms based on the gut-liver axis. Exosomes are essential carriers of intercellular communication. Most previous studies have focused on adipocyte- and hepatocyte-derived exosomes, while the critical role of microbial-derived exosomes and the molecular mechanisms behind them in MAFLD have received little attention. Therefore, we searched and screened the latest relevant studies in the PubMeb database to elucidate the link between microbial-derived exosomes and the pathogenesis of MAFLD, mainly in terms of insulin resistance, intestinal barrier, inflammatory response, lipid metabolism, and liver fibrosis. The aim was to provide a theoretical framework and support for clinical protocols and innovative drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Zhang
- Department of Translational Medicine Platform, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Minjie Jiang
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Peng
- Department of Translational Medicine Platform, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Dou
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Song
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junping Shi
- Department of Translational Medicine Platform, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Infectious & Hepatology Diseases, Metabolic Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vetrani C, Di Nisio A, Paschou SA, Barrea L, Muscogiuri G, Graziadio C, Savastano S, Colao A. From Gut Microbiota through Low-Grade Inflammation to Obesity: Key Players and Potential Targets. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102103. [PMID: 35631244 PMCID: PMC9145366 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, the gut microbiota has gained much interest in relation to human health. Mounting evidence has shown a strict association between gut microbiota and obesity and its related diseases. Inflammation has been appointed as the driving force behind this association. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms by which gut microbiota might influence inflammation in the host could pave for the identification of effective strategies to reduce inflammation-related diseases, such as obesity and obesity-related diseases. For this purpose, we carried out an extensive literature search for studies published in the English language during the last 10 years. Most relevant studies were used to provide a comprehensive view of all aspects related to the association of gut microbiota and low-grade inflammation with obesity. Accordingly, this narrative review reports the evidence on the key players supporting the role of gut microbiota in the modulation of inflammation in relation to obesity and its complications. Moreover, therapeutic approaches to reduce microbiota-related inflammation are discussed to provide potential targets for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Vetrani
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.V.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Andrea Di Nisio
- Department of Medicine, Operative Unit of Andrology and Medicine of Human Reproduction, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy;
| | - Stavroula A. Paschou
- Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, 80143 Napoli, Italy;
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.V.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- UNESCO Chair “Education for Health and Sustainable Development”, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Chiara Graziadio
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.V.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.V.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.V.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- UNESCO Chair “Education for Health and Sustainable Development”, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Luo Z, Ji Y, Zhang D, Gao H, Jin Z, Yang M, Ying W. Microbial DNA enrichment promotes liver steatosis and fibrosis in the course of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2022; 235:e13827. [PMID: 35500155 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM Low-grade inflammation is the hallmark of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The leakage of microbiota-derived products can contribute to liver inflammation during NAFLD/NASH development. Here, we assessed the roles of gut microbial DNA-containing extracellular vesicles (mEVs) in regulating liver cellular abnormalities in the course of NAFLD/NASH. METHODS We performed studies with Vsig4-/- , C3-/- , cGAS-/- , and their wild-type littermate mice. Vsig4+ macrophage population and bacterial DNA abundance were examined in both mouse and human liver by either flow cytometric or immunohistochemistry analysis. Gut mEVs were adoptively transferred into Vsig4-/- , C3-/- , cGAS-/- , or littermate WT mice, and hepatocyte inflammation and HSC fibrogenic activation were measured in these mice. RESULTS Non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis development was concomitant with a diminished liver Vsig4+ macrophage population and a marked bacterial DNA enrichment in both hepatocytes and HSCs. In the absence of Vsig4+ macrophages, gut mEVs translocation led to microbial DNA accumulation in hepatocytes and HSCs, resulting elevated hepatocyte inflammation and HSC fibrogenic activation. In contrast, in lean WT mice, Vsig4+ macrophages remove gut mEVs from bloodstream through a C3-dependent opsonization mechanism and prevent the infiltration of gut mEVs into hepatic cells. Additionally, Vsig4-/- mice more quickly developed significant liver steatosis and fibrosis than WT mice after Western diet feeding. In vitro treatment with NASH mEVs triggered hepatocyte inflammation and HSC fibrogenic activation. Microbial DNAs are key cargo for the effects of gut mEVs by activating cGAS/STING. CONCLUSION Accumulation of microbial DNAs fuels the development of NAFLD/NASH-associated liver abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlong Luo
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism Department of Medicine University of California San Diego California USA
- Department of Gastroenterology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yudong Ji
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism Department of Medicine University of California San Diego California USA
- Department of Anesthesiology Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Dinghong Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism Department of Medicine University of California San Diego California USA
| | - Hong Gao
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism Department of Medicine University of California San Diego California USA
| | - Zhongmou Jin
- Division of Biological Sciences University of California San Diego California USA
| | - Meixiang Yang
- Pediatric Diabetes Research Center Department of Pediatrics University of California San Diego California USA
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine Zhuhai People’s Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University Biomedical Translational Research Institute Jinan University Guangzhou China
| | - Wei Ying
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism Department of Medicine University of California San Diego California USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chakaroun R, Massier L, Musat N, Kovacs P. New Paradigms for Familiar Diseases: Lessons Learned on Circulatory Bacterial Signatures in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2022; 130:313-326. [PMID: 35320847 DOI: 10.1055/a-1756-4509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Despite the strongly accumulating evidence for microbial signatures in metabolic tissues, including the blood, suggesting a novel paradigm for metabolic disease development, the notion of a core blood bacterial signature in health and disease remains a contentious concept. Recent studies clearly demonstrate that under a strict contamination-free environment, methods such as 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, fluorescence in-situ hybridization, transmission electron microscopy, and several more, allied with advanced bioinformatics tools, allow unambiguous detection and quantification of bacteria and bacterial DNA in human tissues. Bacterial load and compositional changes in the blood have been reported for numerous disease states, suggesting that bacteria and their components may partially induce systemic inflammation in cardiometabolic disease. This concept has been so far primarily based on measurements of surrogate parameters. It is now highly desirable to translate the current knowledge into diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic approaches.This review addresses the potential clinical relevance of a blood bacterial signature pertinent to cardiometabolic diseases and outcomes and new avenues for translational approaches. It discusses pitfalls related to research in low bacterial biomass while proposing mitigation strategies for future research and application approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rima Chakaroun
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.,Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lucas Massier
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niculina Musat
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung eV, Neuherberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gao H, Jin Z, Tang K, Ji Y, Suarez J, Suarez JA, Cunha e Rocha K, Zhang D, Dillmann WH, Mahata SK, Ying W. Microbial DNA Enrichment Promotes Adrenomedullary Inflammation, Catecholamine Secretion, and Hypertension in Obese Mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e024561. [PMID: 35112881 PMCID: PMC9245808 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.121.024561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Obesity is an established risk factor for hypertension. Although obesity‐induced gut barrier breach leads to the leakage of various microbiota‐derived products into host circulation and distal organs, the roles of microbiota in mediating the development of obesity‐associated adrenomedullary disorders and hypertension have not been elucidated. We seek to explore the impacts of microbial DNA enrichment on inducing obesity‐related adrenomedullary abnormalities and hypertension. Methods and Results Obesity was accompanied by remarkable bacterial DNA accumulation and elevated inflammation in the adrenal glands. Gut microbial DNA containing extracellular vesicles (mEVs) were readily leaked into the bloodstream and infiltrated into the adrenal glands in obese mice, causing microbial DNA enrichment. In lean wild‐type mice, adrenal macrophages expressed CRIg (complement receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily) that efficiently blocks the infiltration of gut mEVs. In contrast, the adrenal CRIg+ cell population was greatly decreased in obese mice. In lean CRIg−/− or C3−/− (complement component 3) mice intravenously injected with gut mEVs, adrenal microbial DNA accumulation elevated adrenal inflammation and norepinephrine secretion, concomitant with hypertension. In addition, microbial DNA promoted inflammatory responses and norepinephrine production in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells treated with gut mEVs. Depletion of microbial DNA cargo markedly blunted the effects of gut mEVs. We also validated that activation of cGAS (cyclic GMP‐AMP synthase)/STING (cyclic GMP–AMP receptor stimulator of interferon genes) signaling is required for the ability of microbial DNA to trigger adrenomedullary dysfunctions in both in vivo and in vitro experiments. Restoring CRIg+ cells in obese mice decreased microbial DNA abundance, inflammation, and hypertension. Conclusions The leakage of gut mEVs leads to adrenal enrichment of microbial DNA that are pathogenic to induce obesity‐associated adrenomedullary abnormalities and hypertension. Recovering the CRIg+ macrophage population attenuates obesity‐induced adrenomedullary disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Zhongmou Jin
- Division of Biological SciencesUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | | | - Yudong Ji
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
- Department of AnesthesiologyInstitute of Anesthesiology and Critical CareUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jorge Suarez
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Jorge A. Suarez
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Karina Cunha e Rocha
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Dinghong Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Wolfgang H. Dillmann
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | - Sushil K. Mahata
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
- VA San Diego Healthcare SystemSan DiegoCA
| | - Wei Ying
- Division of Endocrinology & MetabolismDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gao H, Luo Z, Ji Y, Tang K, Jin Z, Ly C, Sears DD, Mahata S, Ying W. Accumulation of microbial DNAs promotes to islet inflammation and β cell abnormalities in obesity in mice. Nat Commun 2022; 13:565. [PMID: 35091566 PMCID: PMC8799656 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28239-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Various microbial products leaked from gut lumen exacerbate tissue inflammation and metabolic disorders in obesity. Vsig4+ macrophages are key players preventing infiltration of bacteria and their products into host tissues. However, roles of islet Vsig4+ macrophages in the communication between microbiota and β cells in pathogenesis of obesity-associated islet abnormalities are unknown. Here, we find that bacterial DNAs are enriched in β cells of individuals with obesity. Intestinal microbial DNA-containing extracellular vesicles (mEVs) readily pass through obese gut barrier and deliver microbial DNAs into β cells, resulting in elevated inflammation and impaired insulin secretion by triggering cGAS/STING activation. Vsig4+ macrophages prevent mEV infiltration into β cells through a C3-dependent opsonization, whereas loss of Vsig4 leads to microbial DNA enrichment in β cells after mEV treatment. Removal of microbial DNAs blunts mEV effects. Loss of Vsig4+ macrophages leads to microbial DNA accumulation in β cells and subsequently obesity-associated islet abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gao
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Zhenlong Luo
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Yudong Ji
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Kechun Tang
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Zhongmou Jin
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Crystal Ly
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Dorothy D Sears
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, 85004, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093, CA, USA
| | - Sushil Mahata
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Wei Ying
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Impact of gut permeability on the breast microbiome using a non-human primate model. GUT MICROBIOME (CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND) 2022; 3:e10. [PMID: 36891249 PMCID: PMC9990890 DOI: 10.1017/gmb.2022.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated in non-human primates (NHP) that Mediterranean diet consumption shifted the proportional abundance of Lactobacillus in the breast and gut. This data highlights a potential link about gut-breast microbiome interconnectivity. To address this question, we compared bacterial populations identified in matched breast and faecal samples from our NHP study. Dietary pattern concurrently shifted two species in both regions; Streptococcus lutetiensis and Ruminococcus torques. While we observe similar trends in Lactobacillus abundances in the breast and gut, the species identified in each region vary; Mediterranean diet increased Lactobacillus_unspecified species in breast but regulated L. animalis and L. reuteri in the gut.We also investigated the impact of gut permeability on the breast microbiome. Regardless of dietary pattern, subjects that displayed increased physiological measures of gut permeability (elevated plasma lipopolysaccharide, decreased villi length, and decreased goblet cells) displayed a significantly different breast microbiome. Gut barrier dysfunction was associated with increased α-diversity and significant different β-diversity in the breast tissue. Taken together our data supports the presence of a breast microbiome influenced by diet that largely varies from the gut microbiome population but is, however, sensitive to gut permeability.
Collapse
|
11
|
Soto-Pantoja DR, Gaber M, Arnone AA, Bronson SM, Cruz-Diaz N, Wilson AS, Clear KYJ, Ramirez MU, Kucera GL, Levine EA, Lelièvre SA, Chaboub L, Chiba A, Yadav H, Vidi PA, Cook KL. Diet Alters Entero-Mammary Signaling to Regulate the Breast Microbiome and Tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 2021; 81:3890-3904. [PMID: 34083249 PMCID: PMC8981494 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and poor diet often go hand-in-hand, altering metabolic signaling and thereby impacting breast cancer risk and outcomes. We have recently demonstrated that dietary patterns modulate mammary microbiota populations. An important and largely open question is whether the microbiome of the gut and mammary gland mediates the dietary effects on breast cancer. To address this, we performed fecal transplants between mice on control or high-fat diets (HFD) and recorded mammary tumor outcomes in a chemical carcinogenesis model. HFD induced protumorigenic effects, which could be mimicked in animals fed a control diet by transplanting HFD-derived microbiota. Fecal transplants altered both the gut and mammary tumor microbiota populations, suggesting a link between the gut and breast microbiomes. HFD increased serum levels of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and control diet-derived fecal transplant reduced LPS bioavailability in HFD-fed animals. In vitro models of the normal breast epithelium showed that LPS disrupts tight junctions (TJ) and compromises epithelial permeability. In mice, HFD or fecal transplant from animals on HFD reduced expression of TJ-associated genes in the gut and mammary gland. Furthermore, infecting breast cancer cells with an HFD-derived microbiome increased proliferation, implicating tumor-associated bacteria in cancer signaling. In a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of patients with breast cancer administered fish oil supplements before primary tumor resection, dietary intervention modulated the microbiota in tumors and normal breast tissue. This study demonstrates a link between the gut and breast that mediates the effect of diet on cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates that diet shifts the microbiome in the gut and the breast tumor microenvironment to affect tumorigenesis, and oral dietary interventions can modulate the tumor microbiota in patients with breast cancer. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/81/14/3890/F1.large.jpg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David R Soto-Pantoja
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Mohamed Gaber
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Alana A Arnone
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Steven M Bronson
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Nildris Cruz-Diaz
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Adam S Wilson
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Kenysha Y J Clear
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Manuel U Ramirez
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Gregory L Kucera
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Edward A Levine
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Sophie A Lelièvre
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West-Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Lesley Chaboub
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West-Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Akiko Chiba
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Hariom Yadav
- Department of Internal Medicine-Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, USF Center for Microbiome Research University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL
| | - Pierre-Alexandre Vidi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Katherine L Cook
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chakaroun RM, Massier L, Heintz-Buschart A, Said N, Fallmann J, Crane A, Schütz T, Dietrich A, Blüher M, Stumvoll M, Musat N, Kovacs P. Circulating bacterial signature is linked to metabolic disease and shifts with metabolic alleviation after bariatric surgery. Genome Med 2021; 13:105. [PMID: 34158092 PMCID: PMC8218394 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00919-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The microbiome has emerged as an environmental factor contributing to obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Increasing evidence suggests links between circulating bacterial components (i.e., bacterial DNA), cardiometabolic disease, and blunted response to metabolic interventions. In this aspect, thorough next-generation sequencing-based and contaminant-aware approaches are lacking. To address this, we tested whether bacterial DNA could be amplified in the blood of subjects with obesity and high metabolic risk under strict experimental and analytical control and whether a putative bacterial signature is related to metabolic improvement after bariatric surgery. METHODS Subjects undergoing bariatric surgery were recruited into sex- and BMI-matched subgroups with (n = 24) or without T2D (n = 24). Bacterial DNA in the blood was quantified and prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene amplicons were sequenced. A contaminant-aware approach was applied to derive a compositional microbial signature from bacterial sequences in all subjects at baseline and at 3 and 12 months after surgery. We modeled associations between bacterial load and composition with host metabolic and anthropometric markers. We further tested whether compositional shifts were related to weight loss response and T2D remission. Lastly, bacteria were visualized in blood samples using catalyzed reporter deposition (CARD)-fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). RESULTS The contaminant-aware blood bacterial signature was associated with metabolic health. Based on bacterial phyla and genera detected in the blood samples, a metabolic syndrome classification index score was derived and shown to robustly classify subjects along their actual clinical group. T2D was characterized by decreased bacterial richness and loss of genera associated with improved metabolic health. Weight loss and metabolic improvement following bariatric surgery were associated with an early and stable increase of these genera in parallel with improvements in key cardiometabolic risk parameters. CARD-FISH allowed the detection of living bacteria in blood samples in obesity. CONCLUSIONS We show that the circulating bacterial signature reflects metabolic disease and its improvement after bariatric surgery. Our work provides contaminant-aware evidence for the presence of living bacteria in the blood and suggests a putative crosstalk between components of the blood and metabolism in metabolic health regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rima M Chakaroun
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Lucas Massier
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, C2-94, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Heintz-Buschart
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH - UFZ, Halle, Germany
| | - Nedal Said
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joerg Fallmann
- Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alyce Crane
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tatjana Schütz
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Arne Dietrich
- Department of Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Section of Bariatric Surgery, Leipzig University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Niculina Musat
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung, Neuherberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Luo Z, Ji Y, Gao H, Reis FCGD, Bandyopadhyay G, Jin Z, Ly C, Chang YJ, Zhang D, Kumar D, Ying W. CRIg + Macrophages Prevent Gut Microbial DNA-Containing Extracellular Vesicle-Induced Tissue Inflammation and Insulin Resistance. Gastroenterology 2021; 160:863-874. [PMID: 33152356 PMCID: PMC7878308 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Liver CRIg+ (complement receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily) macrophages play a critical role in filtering bacteria and their products from circulation. Translocation of microbiota-derived products from an impaired gut barrier contributes to the development of obesity-associated tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. However, the critical role of CRIg+ macrophages in clearing microbiota-derived products from the bloodstream in the context of obesity is largely unknown. METHODS We performed studies with CRIg-/-, C3-/-, cGAS-/-, and their wild-type littermate mice. The CRIg+ macrophage population and bacterial DNA abundance were examined in both mouse and human liver by either flow cytometric or immunohistochemistry analysis. Gut microbial DNA-containing extracellular vesicles (mEVs) were adoptively transferred into CRIg-/-, C3-/-, or wild-type mice, and tissue inflammation and insulin sensitivity were measured in these mice. After coculture with gut mEVs, cellular insulin responses and cGAS/STING-mediated inflammatory responses were evaluated. RESULTS Gut mEVs can reach metabolic tissues in obesity. Liver CRIg+ macrophages efficiently clear mEVs from the bloodstream through a C3-dependent opsonization mechanism, whereas obesity elicits a marked reduction in the CRIg+ macrophage population. Depletion of CRIg+ cells results in the spread of mEVs into distant metabolic tissues, subsequently exacerbating tissue inflammation and metabolic disorders. Additionally, in vitro treatment of obese mEVs directly triggers inflammation and insulin resistance of insulin target cells. Depletion of microbial DNA blunts the pathogenic effects of intestinal EVs. Furthermore, the cGAS/STING pathway is crucial for microbial DNA-mediated inflammatory responses. CONCLUSIONS Deficiency of CRIg+ macrophages and leakage of intestinal EVs containing microbial DNA contribute to the development of obesity-associated tissue inflammation and metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlong Luo
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yudong Ji
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Union Hospital, Tongji medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Gao
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Gautam Bandyopadhyay
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Zhongmou Jin
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Crystal Ly
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Ya-ju Chang
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Dinghong Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Wei Ying
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Massier L, Blüher M, Kovacs P, Chakaroun RM. Impaired Intestinal Barrier and Tissue Bacteria: Pathomechanisms for Metabolic Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:616506. [PMID: 33767669 PMCID: PMC7985551 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.616506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An intact intestinal barrier, representing the interface between inner and outer environments, is an integral regulator of health. Among several factors, bacteria and their products have been evidenced to contribute to gut barrier impairment and its increased permeability. Alterations of tight junction integrity - caused by both external factors and host metabolic state - are important for gut barrier, since they can lead to increased influx of bacteria or bacterial components (endotoxin, bacterial DNA, metabolites) into the host circulation. Increased systemic levels of bacterial endotoxins and DNA have been associated with an impaired metabolic host status, manifested in obesity, insulin resistance, and associated cardiovascular complications. Bacterial components and cells are distributed to peripheral tissues via the blood stream, possibly contributing to metabolic diseases by increasing chronic pro-inflammatory signals at both tissue and systemic levels. This response is, along with other yet unknown mechanisms, mediated by toll like receptor (TLR) transduction and increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which in turn can further increase intestinal permeability leading to a detrimental positive feedback loop. The modulation of gut barrier function through nutritional and other interventions, including manipulation of gut microbiota, may represent a potential prevention and treatment target for metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Massier
- Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Medicine (H7), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthias Blüher
- Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München, University Hospital Leipzig, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rima M. Chakaroun
- Medical Department III – Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Rima M. Chakaroun,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gómez-Hurtado I, Gallego-Durán R, Zapater P, Ampuero J, Aller R, Crespo J, Arias-Loste M, García-Monzón C, Bellot P, González-Rodríguez Á, Juanola O, Romero-Gómez M, Francés R. Bacterial antigen translocation and age as BMI-independent contributing factors on systemic inflammation in NAFLD patients. Liver Int 2020; 40:2182-2193. [PMID: 32559006 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Low-grade systemic inflammation is a crucial landmark in NAFLD favouring disease progression and comorbidities. We evaluated the input of circulating bacterial antigens on systemic markers of inflammation in NAFLD patients. PATIENTS & METHODS Multicenter cross-sectional study including consecutive patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD. Demographic, metabolic and fibrosis-related variables were collected. Circulating bacterial antigens were quantified in blood. Toll-like receptor SNPs were genotyped. Serum cytokine levels were evaluated. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell response to bacterial antigens was evaluated in vitro. RESULTS Three hundred and fifteen patients from five Spanish hospitals were distributed by BMI. At least, one bacterial antigenic type was found in 66 patients with BMI < 30 (63.4%) and 163 patients with BMI > 30 (77.3%) (P = .014). HOMA-IR was significantly higher in the presence of circulating antigens among patients with BMI < 30. NASH and significant fibrosis in non-obese patients were more frequent in the presence of at least two circulating antigenic types. Allelic frequencies of TLR variants were similar to controls and did not affect clinical or laboratory parameters. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly increased in patients with bacterial antigens, regardless of BMI. TLR gene and protein expression levels were significantly increased in PBMCs from patients with bacterial antigens. Antigen concentrations independently influenced TNF-α and IL-6, in both BMI subgroups of patients. Age independently influenced TNF-α and IL-6 in non-obese patients, and TNF-α in obese patients. CONCLUSION Serum circulating bacterial antigens as well as age were BMI-independent factors related to increased systemic inflammation in NAFLD and provides insight on the multifaceted sources of inflammation in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rocío Gallego-Durán
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pedro Zapater
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IIS Isabial, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Javier Ampuero
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rocío Aller
- Hospital Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | | | - Carmelo García-Monzón
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Hepática, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Bellot
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IIS Isabial, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Águeda González-Rodríguez
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unidad Hepática, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oriol Juanola
- Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Manuel Romero-Gómez
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rubén Francés
- CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,IIS Isabial, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Olivier V, Dunyach-Remy C, Corbeau P, Cristol JP, Sutra T, Burtey S, Lavigne JP, Moranne O. Factors of microinflammation in non-diabetic chronic kidney disease: a pilot study. BMC Nephrol 2020; 21:141. [PMID: 32316931 PMCID: PMC7175551 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-020-01803-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The relationships between digestive bacterial translocation, uremic toxins, oxidative stress and microinflammation in a population of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients without metabolic nor inflammatory disease are unknown. Methods Bacterial translocation, uremic toxins, oxidative stress, and inflammation were assessed by measuring plasma levels of 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rDNA), p-cresyl sulfate (PCS), indoxyl sulfate (IS), indole acetic acid (IAA), F2-isoprostanes, hsCRP and receptor I of TNFα (RITNFα) in patients without metabolic nor inflammatory disease. 44 patients with CKD from stage IIIB to V and 14 controls with normal kidney function were included from the nephrology outpatients. 11 patients under hemodialysis (HD) were also included. Correlations between each factor and microinflammation markers were studied. Results 16S rDNA levels were not increased in CKD patients compared to controls but were decreased in HD compared to non-HD stage V patients (4.7 (3.9–5.3) vs 8.6 (5.9–9.7) copies/μl, p = 0.002). IS, PCS and IAA levels increased in HD compared to controls (106.3 (73.3–130.4) vs 3.17 (2.4–5.1) μmol/l, p < 0.0001 for IS; 174.2 (125–227.5) vs 23.7 (13.9–52.6) μmol/l, p = 0.006 for PCS; and 3.7 (2.6–4.6) vs 1.3 (1.0–1.9) μmol/l, p = 0.0002 for IAA). Urea increased in non-HD stage V patients compared to controls (27.6 (22.7–30.9) vs 5.4 (4.8–6.4) mmol/l, p < 0.0001) and was similar in HD and in non-HD stage V (19.3 (14.0–24.0) vs 27.6 (22.7–30.9) mmol/l, p = 0.7). RITNFα levels increased in HD patients compared to controls (12.6 (9.6–13.3) vs 1.1 (1.0–1.4) ng/ml, p < 0.0001); hsCRP levels increased in non-HD stage V patients compared to controls (2.9 (1.4–8.5) vs 0.8 (0.5–1.7) mg/l, p = 0.01) and remained stable in HD patients (2.9 (1.4–8.5) vs 5.1 (0.9–11.5) mg/l, p = 1). F2-isoprostanes did not differ in CKD patients compared to controls. Among uremic toxins, IS and urea were correlated to RITNFα (r = 0.8, p < 0.0001 for both). PCS, IS and urea were higher in patients with hsCRP≧5 mg/l (p = 0.01, 0.04 and 0.001 respectively). 16S rDNA, F2-isoprostanes were not correlated to microinflammation markers in our study. Conclusions In CKD patients without any associated metabolic nor inflammatory disease, only PCS, IS, and urea were correlated with microinflammation. Bacterial translocation was decreased in patients under HD and was not correlated to microinflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Olivier
- Department of Nephrology - Dialysis - Apheresis, Caremeau Hospital, University Montpellier-Nîmes, CHU Nîmes, Nimes, France.
| | - Catherine Dunyach-Remy
- Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, U1047, INSERM, University of Montpellier, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Pierre Corbeau
- UMR9002, Institute for Human Genetics, CNRS-University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Paul Cristol
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Biochemistry and Hormonology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Thibault Sutra
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Biochemistry and Hormonology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Stephane Burtey
- C2VN, INSERM 1263, INRA 1260, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Lavigne
- Department of Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, U1047, INSERM, University of Montpellier, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Olivier Moranne
- Department of Nephrology - Dialysis - Apheresis, Caremeau Hospital, University Montpellier-Nîmes, CHU Nîmes, Nimes, France.,EA2415, Laboratoire Epidémiologie, Santé Publique, Biostatistiques, University of Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chakaroun RM, Massier L, Kovacs P. Gut Microbiome, Intestinal Permeability, and Tissue Bacteria in Metabolic Disease: Perpetrators or Bystanders? Nutrients 2020; 12:E1082. [PMID: 32295104 PMCID: PMC7230435 DOI: 10.3390/nu12041082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The emerging evidence on the interconnectedness between the gut microbiome and host metabolism has led to a paradigm shift in the study of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes with implications on both underlying pathophysiology and potential treatment. Mounting preclinical and clinical evidence of gut microbiota shifts, increased intestinal permeability in metabolic disease, and the critical positioning of the intestinal barrier at the interface between environment and internal milieu have led to the rekindling of the "leaky gut" concept. Although increased circulation of surrogate markers and directly measurable intestinal permeability have been linked to increased systemic inflammation in metabolic disease, mechanistic models behind this phenomenon are underdeveloped. Given repeated observations of microorganisms in several tissues with congruent phylogenetic findings, we review current evidence on these unanticipated niches, focusing specifically on the interaction between gut permeability and intestinal as well as extra-intestinal bacteria and their joint contributions to systemic inflammation and metabolism. We further address limitations of current studies and suggest strategies drawing on standard techniques for permeability measurement, recent advancements in microbial culture independent techniques and computational methodologies to robustly develop these concepts, which may be of considerable value for the development of prevention and treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rima M. Chakaroun
- Medical Department III—Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (L.M.); (P.K.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bacterial DNA translocation contributes to systemic inflammation and to minor changes in the clinical outcome of liver transplantation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:835. [PMID: 30696924 PMCID: PMC6351615 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36904-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial (bact)DNA is an immunogenic product that frequently translocates into the blood in cirrhosis. We evaluated bactDNA clearance in patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT) and its association with inflammation and clinically relevant complications. We prospectively included patients consecutively admitted for LT in a one-year follow-up study. We evaluated bactDNA before and during the first month after LT, quantifying cytokine response at 30 days. One hundred patients were included. BactDNA was present in the blood of twenty-six patients undergoing LT. Twenty-four of these showed bactDNA in the portal vein, matching peripheral blood-identified bactDNA in 18 cases. Thirty-four patients showed bactDNA in blood during the first month after LT. Median TNF-α and IL-6 levels one month after LT were significantly increased in patients with versus without bactDNA. Serum TNF-α at baseline was an independent risk factor for bactDNA translocation during the first month after LT in the multivariate analysis (Odds ratio (OR) 1.14 [1.04 to 1.29], P = 0.015). One-year readmission was independently associated with the presence of bactDNA during the first month after LT (Hazard ratio (HR) 2.75 [1.39 to 5.45], P = 0.004). The presence of bactDNA in the blood of LT recipients was not shown to have any impact on complications such as death, graft rejection, bacterial or CMV infections. The rate of bactDNA translocation persists during the first month after LT and contributes to sustained inflammation. This is associated with an increased rate of readmissions in the one-year clinical outcome after LT.
Collapse
|
19
|
Scheffler L, Crane A, Heyne H, Tönjes A, Schleinitz D, Ihling CH, Stumvoll M, Freire R, Fiorentino M, Fasano A, Kovacs P, Heiker JT. Widely Used Commercial ELISA Does Not Detect Precursor of Haptoglobin2, but Recognizes Properdin as a Potential Second Member of the Zonulin Family. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:22. [PMID: 29459849 PMCID: PMC5807381 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence for the role of impaired intestinal permeability in obesity and associated metabolic diseases. Zonulin is an established serum marker for intestinal permeability and identical to pre-haptoglobin2. Here, we aimed to investigate the relationship between circulating zonulin and metabolic traits related to obesity. METHODS Serum zonulin was measured by using a widely used commercial ELISA kit in 376 subjects from the metabolically well-characterized cohort of Sorbs from Germany. In addition, haptoglobin genotype was determined in DNA samples from all study subjects. RESULTS As zonulin concentrations did not correlate to the haptoglobin genotypes, we investigated the specificity of the zonulin ELISA assay using antibody capture experiments, mass spectrometry, and Western blot analysis. Using serum samples that gave the highest or lowest ELISA signals, we detected several proteins that are likely to be captured by the antibody in the present kit. However, none of these proteins corresponds to pre-haptoglobin2. We used increasing concentrations of recombinant pre-haptoglobin2 and complement C3 as one of the representative captured proteins and the ELISA kit did not detect either. Western blot analysis using both the polyclonal antibodies used in this kit and monoclonal antibodies rose against zonulin showed a similar protein recognition pattern but with different intensity of detection. The protein(s) measured using the ELISA kit was (were) significantly increased in patients with diabetes and obesity and correlated strongly with markers of the lipid and glucose metabolism. Combining mass spectrometry and Western blot analysis using the polyclonal antibodies used in the ELISA kit, we identified properdin as another member of the zonulin family. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that the zonulin ELISA does not recognize pre-haptoglobin2, rather structural (and possibly functional) analog proteins belonging to the mannose-associated serine protease family, with properdin being the most likely possible candidate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Scheffler
- Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alyce Crane
- Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Henrike Heyne
- Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anke Tönjes
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Nephrology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dorit Schleinitz
- Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian H. Ihling
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Michael Stumvoll
- Divisions of Endocrinology and Nephrology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rachel Freire
- Mucosal Immunology And Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital––Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Maria Fiorentino
- Mucosal Immunology And Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital––Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alessio Fasano
- Mucosal Immunology And Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital––Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Peter Kovacs
- Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
- *Correspondence: John T. Heiker, ; Peter Kovacs,
| | - John T. Heiker
- Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- *Correspondence: John T. Heiker, ; Peter Kovacs,
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Riera-Borrull M, Cuevas VD, Alonso B, Vega MA, Joven J, Izquierdo E, Corbí ÁL. Palmitate Conditions Macrophages for Enhanced Responses toward Inflammatory Stimuli via JNK Activation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:3858-3869. [PMID: 29061766 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation and elevated levels of circulating saturated fatty acids, which trigger inflammatory responses by engaging pattern recognition receptors in macrophages. Because tissue homeostasis is maintained through an adequate balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages, we assessed the transcriptional and functional profile of M-CSF-dependent monocyte-derived human macrophages exposed to concentrations of saturated fatty acids found in obese individuals. We report that palmitate (C16:0, 200 μM) significantly modulates the macrophage gene signature, lowers the expression of transcription factors that positively regulate IL-10 expression (MAFB, AhR), and promotes a proinflammatory state whose acquisition requires JNK activation. Unlike LPS, palmitate exposure does not activate STAT1, and its transcriptional effects can be distinguished from those triggered by LPS, as both agents oppositely regulate the expression of CCL19 and TRIB3 Besides, palmitate conditions macrophages for exacerbated proinflammatory responses (lower IL-10 and CCL2, higher TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) toward pathogenic stimuli, a process also mediated by JNK activation. All of these effects of palmitate are fatty acid specific because oleate (C18:1, 200 μM) does not modify the macrophage transcriptional and functional profiles. Therefore, pathologic palmitate concentrations promote the acquisition of a specific polarization state in human macrophages and condition macrophages for enhanced responses toward inflammatory stimuli, with both effects being dependent on JNK activation. Our results provide further insight into the macrophage contribution to obesity-associated inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Riera-Borrull
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and.,Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Víctor D Cuevas
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Bárbara Alonso
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Miguel A Vega
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Elena Izquierdo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Ángel L Corbí
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Boutagy NE, McMillan RP, Frisard MI, Hulver MW. Metabolic endotoxemia with obesity: Is it real and is it relevant? Biochimie 2016; 124:11-20. [PMID: 26133659 PMCID: PMC4695328 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with metabolic derangements in multiple tissues, which contribute to the progression of insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. The underlying stimulus for these metabolic derangements in obesity are not fully elucidated, however recent evidence in rodents and humans suggests that systemic, low level elevations of gut derived endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) may play an important role in obesity related, whole-body and tissue specific metabolic perturbations. LPS initiates a well-characterized signaling cascade that elicits many pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways when bound to its receptor, Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4). Low-grade elevation in plasma LPS has been termed "metabolic endotoxemia" and this state is associated with a heightened pro-inflammatory and oxidant environment often observed in obesity. Given the role of inflammatory and oxidative stress in the etiology of obesity related cardio-metabolic disease risk, it has been suggested that metabolic endotoxemia may serve a key mediator of metabolic derangements observed in obesity. This review provides supporting evidence of mechanistic associations with cell and animal models, and provides complimentary evidence of the clinical relevance of metabolic endotoxemia in obesity as it relates to inflammation and metabolic derangements in humans. Discrepancies with endotoxin detection are considered, and an alternate method of reporting metabolic endotoxemia is recommended until a standardized measurement protocol is set forth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabil E Boutagy
- The Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, 295 West Campus Drive, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; The Fralin Translational Obesity Research Center, 1981 Kraft Drive, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; The Metabolic Phenotyping Core, 1981 Kraft Drive, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Ryan P McMillan
- The Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, 295 West Campus Drive, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; The Fralin Translational Obesity Research Center, 1981 Kraft Drive, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; The Metabolic Phenotyping Core, 1981 Kraft Drive, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Madlyn I Frisard
- The Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, 295 West Campus Drive, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; The Fralin Translational Obesity Research Center, 1981 Kraft Drive, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; The Metabolic Phenotyping Core, 1981 Kraft Drive, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Matthew W Hulver
- The Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, 295 West Campus Drive, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; The Fralin Translational Obesity Research Center, 1981 Kraft Drive, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; The Metabolic Phenotyping Core, 1981 Kraft Drive, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mikkelsen KH, Allin KH, Knop FK. Effect of antibiotics on gut microbiota, glucose metabolism and body weight regulation: a review of the literature. Diabetes Obes Metab 2016; 18:444-53. [PMID: 26818734 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gut bacteria are involved in a number of host metabolic processes and have been implicated in the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes in humans. The use of antibiotics changes the composition of the gut microbiota and there is accumulating evidence from observational studies for an association between exposure to antibiotics and development of obesity and type 2 diabetes. In the present paper, we review human studies examining the effects of antibiotics on body weight regulation and glucose metabolism and discuss whether the observed findings may relate to alterations in the composition and function of the gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K H Mikkelsen
- Center for Diabetes Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K H Allin
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F K Knop
- Center for Diabetes Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tarantino G. Gut microbiome, obesity-related comorbidities, and low-grade chronic inflammation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:2343-6. [PMID: 25003243 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-2074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tarantino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; and Istituro Nazionale Tumori Pascale Foundation, Cancer Research Center of Mercogliano, 83013 Mercogliano Avellino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|