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Chen C, Zhang J, Yu T, Feng H, Liao J, Jia Y. LRG1 Contributes to the Pathogenesis of Multiple Kidney Diseases: A Comprehensive Review. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 10:237-248. [PMID: 38799248 PMCID: PMC11126829 DOI: 10.1159/000538443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background The increasing prevalence of kidney diseases has become a significant public health issue, with a global prevalence exceeding 10%. In order to accurately identify biochemical changes and treatment outcomes associated with kidney diseases, novel methods targeting specific genes have been discovered. Among these genes, leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) has been identified to function as a multifunctional pathogenic signaling molecule in multiple diseases, including kidney diseases. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence regarding the roles of LRG1 in different types of kidney diseases. Summary Based on a comprehensive review, it was found that LRG1 was upregulated in the urine, serum, or renal tissues of patients or experimental animal models with multiple kidney diseases, such as diabetic nephropathy, kidney injury, IgA nephropathy, chronic kidney diseases, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, end-stage renal disease, canine leishmaniosis-induced kidney disease, kidney fibrosis, and aristolochic acid nephropathy. Mechanistically, the role of LRG1 in kidney diseases is believed to be detrimental, potentially through its regulation of various genes and signaling cascades, i.e., fibronectin 1, GPR56, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGFR-2, death receptor 5, GDF15, HIF-1α, SPP1, activin receptor-like kinase 1-Smad1/5/8, NLRP3-IL-1b, and transforming growth factor β pathway. Key Messages Further research is needed to fully comprehend the molecular mechanisms by which LRG1 contributes to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of kidney diseases. It is anticipated that targeted treatments focusing on LRG1 will be utilized in clinical trials and implemented in clinical practice in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Dean People’s Hospital, Jiujiang, China
| | - Haiya Feng
- Department of Burn Surgery, Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Jian Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yifei Jia
- Department of Burn Surgery, Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
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Kim T, Surapaneni AL, Schmidt IM, Eadon MT, Kalim S, Srivastava A, Palsson R, Stillman IE, Hodgin JB, Menon R, Otto EA, Coresh J, Grams ME, Waikar SS, Rhee EP. Plasma Proteins Associated with Chronic Histopathologic Lesions on Kidney Biopsy. J Am Soc Nephrol 2024:00001751-990000000-00298. [PMID: 38656806 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Key Points
Proteomic profiling identified 35 blood proteins associated with chronic histopathologic lesions in the kidney.Testican-2 was expressed in the glomerulus, released by the kidney into circulation, and inversely associated with glomerulosclerosis severity.NELL1 was expressed in tubular epithelial cells, released by the kidney into circulation, and inversely associated with interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy severity.
Background
The severity of chronic histopathologic lesions on kidney biopsy is independently associated with higher risk of progressive CKD. Because kidney biopsies are invasive, identification of blood markers that report on underlying kidney histopathology has the potential to enhance CKD care.
Methods
We examined the association between 6592 plasma protein levels measured by aptamers and the severity of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA), glomerulosclerosis, arteriolar sclerosis, and arterial sclerosis among 434 participants of the Boston Kidney Biopsy Cohort. For proteins significantly associated with at least one histologic lesion, we assessed renal arteriovenous protein gradients among 21 individuals who had undergone invasive catheterization and assessed the expression of the cognate gene among 47 individuals with single-cell RNA sequencing data in the Kidney Precision Medicine Project.
Results
In models adjusted for eGFR, proteinuria, and demographic factors, we identified 35 proteins associated with one or more chronic histologic lesions, including 20 specific for IFTA, eight specific for glomerulosclerosis, and one specific for arteriolar sclerosis. In general, higher levels of these proteins were associated with more severe histologic score and lower eGFR. Exceptions included testican-2 and NELL1, which were associated with less glomerulosclerosis and IFTA, respectively, and higher eGFR; notably, both of these proteins demonstrated significantly higher levels from artery to renal vein, demonstrating net kidney release. In the Kidney Precision Medicine Project, 13 of the 35 protein hits had cognate gene expression enriched in one or more cell types in the kidney, including podocyte expression of select glomerulosclerosis markers (including testican-2) and tubular expression of several IFTA markers (including NELL1).
Conclusions
Proteomic analysis identified circulating proteins associated with chronic histopathologic lesions, some of which had concordant site-specific expression within the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taesoo Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aditya L Surapaneni
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Insa M Schmidt
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael T Eadon
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Sahir Kalim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anand Srivastava
- Division of Nephrology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ragnar Palsson
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Isaac E Stillman
- Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jeffrey B Hodgin
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Rajasree Menon
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Edgar A Otto
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Josef Coresh
- Departments of Population Health and Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Morgan E Grams
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Sushrut S Waikar
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eugene P Rhee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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3
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Qi W, Zhu D, Yin P, Gu X, Zhao Z, Li M, Dong C, Tang Q, Xie W, Zhou T, Xia H, Qiu X, Yang X, Gao G. Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor, a Novel Adipokine, Contributes to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 109:e356-e369. [PMID: 37440564 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Excessive insulin resistance, inadequate insulin compensation, or both could result in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a novel adipokine that could induce insulin resistance, are high in patients with obesity and diabetes. However, the impact of PEDF in pregnancy remains unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to elucidate the role of PEDF on insulin resistance and compensatory elevation of insulin levels during normal pregnancy and in patients with GDM. METHODS In this population-based and cohort study, logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association of PEDF/adiponectin/leptin levels with the risk of developing GDM and to predict postpartum prediabetes. PEDF protein, PEDF transgenic mice, PEDF knockout mice, and PEDF-neutralized antibodies were used to observe changes in insulin resistance and insulin levels with pregnancy. RESULTS Plasma PEDF levels were increased in normal pregnancy and higher in GDM women. Higher PEDF levels were associated with the increased risk of developing GDM and emerged as a significant independent determinant of postpartum prediabetes in GDM women. Mechanistically, in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that PEDF induced insulin resistance by inhibiting the insulin signaling pathway. CONCLUSION In addition to insulin resistance and upregulated insulin levels in normal pregnancy and GDM, aberrant PEDF levels can serve as a "fingerprint" of metabolic abnormalities during pregnancy. Thus, PEDF is a valuable biomarker but could interfere with the time course for early diagnosis and prognosis of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Qi
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ping Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Gu
- Department of Clinical Biological Resource Bank, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Miaoxin Li
- Center for Precision Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chang Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qilong Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wanting Xie
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ti Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Huimin Xia
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Xiu Qiu
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Gene Manipulation and Biomacromolecular Products, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoquan Gao
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology& Guangzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, Medical Center for Comprehensive Weight Control, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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4
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Lee CH, Lui DTW, Cheung CYY, Fong CHY, Yuen MMA, Woo YC, Chow WS, Wong IYH, Xu A, Lam KSL. Circulating AFABP, FGF21, and PEDF Levels as Prognostic Biomarkers of Sight-threatening Diabetic Retinopathy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e799-e806. [PMID: 36856742 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (AFABP), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) are 3 diabetes-related biomarkers whose circulating levels had been shown to associate with nephropathy progression in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVE Here, we evaluated and compared their prospective associations with the development of sight-threatening DR (STDR), another important diabetic microvascular complication. METHODS Baseline serum AFABP, PEDF, and FGF21 levels were measured in 4760 Chinese individuals with type 2 diabetes and without STDR at baseline. The associations of these biomarkers with incident STDR were analyzed using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS Among these 4760 participants (mean diabetes duration of 11 years and ≥ 50% with nonproliferative DR at baseline), 172 participants developed STDR over a median follow-up of 8.8 years. Participants with incident STDR had comparable baseline serum FGF21 levels but significantly higher baseline serum AFABP and PEDF levels (both P < .001) than those without. However, in multivariable Cox regression analysis, only serum AFABP remained independently associated with incident STDR (hazard ratio 1.28; 95% CI, 1.05-1.55; P = .013). The addition of serum AFABP to a clinical model of conventional STDR risk factors including diabetes duration, glycemic control, albuminuria, and baseline DR status significantly improved the c statistics (P < .001), net reclassification index (P = .0027), and integrated discrimination index (P = .033) in predicting incident STDR among participants without DR or with mild DR at baseline. CONCLUSION Among the 3 diabetes-related biomarkers, serum AFABP level appeared to be a more clinically useful biomarker for predicting incident STDR in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ho Lee
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - David Tak-Wai Lui
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Chloe Yu-Yan Cheung
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Carol Ho-Yi Fong
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Michele Mae-Ann Yuen
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Yu-Cho Woo
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Wing-Sun Chow
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Ian Yat-Hin Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Karen Siu-Ling Lam
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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5
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Liu Y, Wang W, Zhang J, Gao S, Xu T, Yin Y. JAK/STAT signaling in diabetic kidney disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1233259. [PMID: 37635867 PMCID: PMC10450957 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1233259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most important microvascular complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of the transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway, which is out of balance in the context of DKD, acts through a range of metabolism-related cytokines and hormones. JAK/STAT is the primary signaling node in the progression of DKD. The latest research on JAK/STAT signaling helps determine the role of this pathway in the factors associated with DKD progression. These factors include the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), fibrosis, immunity, inflammation, aging, autophagy, and EMT. This review epitomizes the progress in understanding the complicated explanation of the etiologies of DKD and the role of the JAK/STAT pathway in the progression of DKD and discusses whether it can be a potential target for treating DKD. It further summarizes the JAK/STAT inhibitors, natural products, and other drugs that are promising for treating DKD and discusses how these inhibitors can alleviate DKD to explore possible potential drugs that will contribute to formulating effective treatment strategies for DKD in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Liu
- Clinical Medicine Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wenkuan Wang
- Clinical Medicine Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jintao Zhang
- Clinical Medicine Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shuo Gao
- Clinical Medicine Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Clinical Medicine Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yonghui Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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6
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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver secretome. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:938-963. [PMCID: PMC9703441 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01419-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Low S, Pek S, Moh A, Ang K, Khoo J, Shao YM, Tang WE, Lim Z, Subramaniam T, Sum CF, Lim SC. Triglyceride-glucose index is prospectively associated with chronic kidney disease progression in Type 2 diabetes - mediation by pigment epithelium-derived factor. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2022; 19:14791641221113784. [PMID: 35938490 PMCID: PMC9364218 DOI: 10.1177/14791641221113784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a surrogate marker of insulin resistance. Its role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is unclear. We investigated the association between TyG index and CKD progression, and possible mediation of the association by pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF). METHODS This was a prospective study on 1571 patients with T2DM. CKD progression was defined as worsening across KDIGO estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) categories with ≥25% reduction from baseline. PEDF was quantitated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to assess the relationship between TyG index and CKD progression. RESULTS Over a follow-up period of up to 8.6 years (median 4.6 years, IQR 3.0-3.6), 42.7% of subjects had CKD progression. Every unit increase in TyG was associated with hazards of 1.44 (95%CI 1.29-1.61; p < 0.001) in unadjusted analysis and 1.21 (1.06-1.37; p = 0.004) in fully adjusted model. Compared to tertile 1, tertiles 2 and 3 TyG index were positively associated with CKD progression with corresponding hazard ratios HRs 1.24 (1.01-1.52; p = 0.037) and 1.37 (1.11-1.68; p = 0.003) in fully adjusted models. PEDF accounted for 36.0% of relationship between TyG index and CKD progression. CONCLUSIONS Higher TyG index independently predicted CKD progression in T2DM. PEDF mediated the association between TyG index and CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Low
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical
Centre, Singapore
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore
| | - Sharon Pek
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Angela Moh
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Keven Ang
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jonathon Khoo
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yi-Ming Shao
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Wern E Tang
- National Healthcare Group
Polyclinics, Singapore
| | - Ziliang Lim
- National Healthcare Group
Polyclinics, Singapore
| | | | - Chee F Sum
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical
Centre, Singapore
| | - Su C Lim
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical
Centre, Singapore
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological
University, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public
Health, National University of
Singapore, Singapore
- Su C Lim, Diabetes Centre, Admiralty
Medical Centre, 676 Woodlands Drive 71, #03-01 Kampung Admiralty, Singapore
730676.
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8
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Li C, Zhang Y, Gao F. Serum Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor Levels are Associated with Estradiol and Decrease After Adjusting for Alanine Aminotransferase in Chinese Women Based on Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:2901-2909. [PMID: 36177339 PMCID: PMC9514778 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s378561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess changes in pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) levels in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to investigate sexual dimorphism in serum PEDF levels and their relationships with estradiol. METHODS A total of 318 individuals (145 men, 173 women) who underwent health examinations in our department were selected. Serum PEDF, estradiol and other metabolic parameters were determined. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA- IR) and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) were calculated to evaluate insulin resistance and β-cell function, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyse the factors influencing serum PEDF. RESULTS Serum PEDF levels were significantly higher in subjects with MetS in both men and women (12.09±2.75 vs 8.97±3.19 μg/mL in men and 11.31±2.79 vs 8.40±2.32 μg/mL in women, MetS vs non-MetS, P<0.001). Correlation analysis showed that serum PEDF levels were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting and 2-h postprandial glucose, fasting and 2-h postprandial insulin, HOMA-β, HOMA-IR, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), uric acid (UA), triacylglycerol (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Elevated ALT, HOMA-IR and TG were significant predictors of increased PEDF concentrations. In women, estradiol was inversely correlated with PEDF levels (r=-0.25, P=0.011), and the association was no longer significant after adjustment for ALT. CONCLUSION PEDF could be used as a biomarker of MetS in both men and women. This study reported for the first time that circulating PEDF displays sexual dimorphism, which could be related to estrogen. The association between estrogen and circulating PEDF levels was attenuated after adjusting for ALT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiliu Li
- The Second Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Cuiliu Li, Tel +8603172075935, Email
| | - Yunna Zhang
- The Second Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Gao
- The Second Department of Endocrinology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, People’s Republic of China
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Chan YH, Schooling CM, Zhao J, Au Yeung SL, Hai JJ, Thomas GN, Cheng KK, Jiang CQ, Wong YK, Au KW, Tang CS, Cheung CYY, Xu A, Sham PC, Lam TH, Lam KSL, Tse HF. Mendelian Randomization Focused Analysis of Vitamin D on the Secondary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2021; 52:3926-3937. [PMID: 34565175 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.032634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Experimental studies showed vitamin D (Vit-D) could promote vascular regeneration and repair. Prior randomized studies had focused mainly on primary prevention. Whether Vit-D protects against ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction recurrence among subjects with prior ischemic insults was unknown. Here, we dissected through Mendelian randomization any effect of Vit-D on the secondary prevention of recurrent ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction. METHODS Based on a genetic risk score for Vit-D constructed from a derivation cohort sample (n=5331, 45% Vit-D deficient, 89% genotyped) via high-throughput exome-chip screening of 12 prior genome-wide association study-identified genetic variants of Vit-D mechanistic pathways (rs2060793, rs4588, and rs7041; F statistic, 73; P<0.001), we performed a focused analysis on prospective recurrence of myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke in an independent subsample with established ischemic disease (n=441, all with prior first ischemic event; follow-up duration, 41.6±14.3 years) under a 2-sample, individual-data, prospective Mendelian randomization approach. RESULTS In the ischemic disease subsample, 11.1% (n=49/441) had developed recurrent ischemic stroke or MI and 13.3% (n=58/441) had developed recurrent or de novo ischemic stroke/MI. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that genetic risk score predicted improved event-free survival from recurrent ischemic stroke or MI (log-rank, 13.0; P=0.001). Cox regression revealed that genetic risk score independently predicted reduced risk of recurrent ischemic stroke or MI combined (hazards ratio, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.48-0.81]; P<0.001), after adjusted for potential confounders. Mendelian randomization supported that Vit-D is causally protective against the primary end points of recurrent ischemic stroke or MI (Wald estimate: odds ratio, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.35-0.81]) and any recurrent or de novo ischemic stroke/MI (odds ratio, 0.64 [95% CI, 0.42-0.91]) and recurrent MI alone (odds ratio, 0.52 [95% CI, 0.30-0.81]). CONCLUSIONS Genetically predicted lowering in Vit-D level is causal for the recurrence of ischemic vascular events in persons with prior ischemic stroke or MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yap-Hang Chan
- Division of Cardiology, Queen Mary Hospital (Y.-H.C., J.J.H., Y.-K.W., K.-W.A., H.-F.T.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C Mary Schooling
- School of Public Health (C.M.S., J.Z., S.-L.A.Y., T.-H.L.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- School of Public Health (C.M.S., J.Z., S.-L.A.Y., T.-H.L.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shiu-Lun Au Yeung
- School of Public Health (C.M.S., J.Z., S.-L.A.Y., T.-H.L.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jo Jo Hai
- Division of Cardiology, Queen Mary Hospital (Y.-H.C., J.J.H., Y.-K.W., K.-W.A., H.-F.T.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Medicine, Shenzhen Hong Kong University Hospital, China (J.J.H., H.-F.T.)
| | - G Neil Thomas
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.N.T., K.-K.C.)
| | - Kar-Keung Cheng
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom (G.N.T., K.-K.C.)
| | | | - Yuen-Kwun Wong
- Division of Cardiology, Queen Mary Hospital (Y.-H.C., J.J.H., Y.-K.W., K.-W.A., H.-F.T.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ka-Wing Au
- Division of Cardiology, Queen Mary Hospital (Y.-H.C., J.J.H., Y.-K.W., K.-W.A., H.-F.T.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Clara S Tang
- Department of Psychiatry and Centre for Genomic Sciences (C.S.T., P.-C.S.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chloe Y Y Cheung
- Division of Endocrinology, Queen Mary Hospital (C.Y.Y.C., A.X., K.S.-L.L.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- Division of Endocrinology, Queen Mary Hospital (C.Y.Y.C., A.X., K.S.-L.L.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Pak-Chung Sham
- Department of Psychiatry and Centre for Genomic Sciences (C.S.T., P.-C.S.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tai-Hing Lam
- School of Public Health (C.M.S., J.Z., S.-L.A.Y., T.-H.L.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Karen Siu-Ling Lam
- Division of Endocrinology, Queen Mary Hospital (C.Y.Y.C., A.X., K.S.-L.L.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hung-Fat Tse
- Division of Cardiology, Queen Mary Hospital (Y.-H.C., J.J.H., Y.-K.W., K.-W.A., H.-F.T.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Hong Kong-Guangdong Joint Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine (H.-F.T.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Shenzhen Institutes of Research and Innovation (H.-F.T.), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Medicine, Shenzhen Hong Kong University Hospital, China (J.J.H., H.-F.T.)
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10
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Schmidt IM, Colona MR, Kestenbaum BR, Alexopoulos LG, Palsson R, Srivastava A, Liu J, Stillman IE, Rennke HG, Vaidya VS, Wu H, Humphreys BD, Waikar SS. Cadherin-11, Sparc-related modular calcium binding protein-2, and Pigment epithelium-derived factor are promising non-invasive biomarkers of kidney fibrosis. Kidney Int 2021; 100:672-683. [PMID: 34051265 PMCID: PMC8384690 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis constitutes the shared final pathway of nearly all chronic nephropathies, but biomarkers for the non-invasive assessment of kidney fibrosis are currently not available. To address this, we characterize five candidate biomarkers of kidney fibrosis: Cadherin-11 (CDH11), Sparc-related modular calcium binding protein-2 (SMOC2), Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), Matrix-Gla protein, and Thrombospondin-2. Gene expression profiles in single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (sc/snRNA-seq) datasets from rodent models of fibrosis and human chronic kidney disease (CKD) were explored, and Luminex-based assays for each biomarker were developed. Plasma and urine biomarker levels were measured using independent prospective cohorts of CKD: the Boston Kidney Biopsy Cohort, a cohort of individuals with biopsy-confirmed semiquantitative assessment of kidney fibrosis, and the Seattle Kidney Study, a cohort of patients with common forms of CKD. Ordinal logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to test associations of biomarkers with interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy and progression to end-stage kidney disease and death, respectively. Sc/snRNA-seq data confirmed cell-specific expression of biomarker genes in fibroblasts. After multivariable adjustment, higher levels of plasma CDH11, SMOC2, and PEDF and urinary CDH11 and PEDF were significantly associated with increasing severity of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy in the Boston Kidney Biopsy Cohort. In both cohorts, higher levels of plasma and urinary SMOC2 and urinary CDH11 were independently associated with progression to end-stage kidney disease. Higher levels of urinary PEDF associated with end-stage kidney disease in the Seattle Kidney Study, with a similar signal in the Boston Kidney Biopsy Cohort, although the latter narrowly missed statistical significance. Thus, we identified CDH11, SMOC2, and PEDF as promising non-invasive biomarkers of kidney fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insa M Schmidt
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachussetts, USA; Renal Division, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussetts, USA
| | - Mia R Colona
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachussetts, USA; Renal Division, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussetts, USA
| | - Bryan R Kestenbaum
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Leonidas G Alexopoulos
- School of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens Greece; ProtATonce, Ltd., Athens, Greece
| | - Ragnar Palsson
- Division of Nephrology, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Anand Srivastava
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Center for Translational Metabolism and Health, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jing Liu
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachussetts, USA; Division of Nephrology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Isaac E Stillman
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachussetts, USA
| | - Helmut G Rennke
- Department of Pathology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachussetts, USA
| | - Vishal S Vaidya
- Renal Division, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussetts, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachussetts, USA
| | - Haojia Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Benjamin D Humphreys
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sushrut S Waikar
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachussetts, USA; Renal Division, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachussetts, USA.
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11
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The effect of methylethylpiridinol addition to the therapy on the level of pigment epithelium-derived factor and oxidative status in patients with diabetic nephropathy: randomized controlled open-label clinical study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:709-717. [PMID: 34222086 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00802-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The diabetic nephropathy is associated with oxidative stress and increases in pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) level in the patient's blood. For the first time, authors investigated the effect of methylethylpiridinol addition to the therapy on oxidative status and pigment epithelium-derived factor concentrations, and examined the relationship between these indicators and clinical markers of pathology development. Methods Study design: open label randomized controlled trial study. Authors assessed the effect of methylethylpiridinol addition to the therapy vs basic treatment on antioxidant and NADPH-generating enzymes activity, glutathione's concentration and free radical-induced oxidation's intensity using a spectrophotometric method and iron-induced biochemiluminescence. The pigment epithelium-derived factor concentration in the serum was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Patients receiving combination therapy with methylethylpiridinol showed a more substantial increase in activity of glutathione peroxidase (Δ = 0.04 ± 0.11, p = 0.002), glutathione transferase (Δ = 0.12 ± 0.08, p < 0.001) and the concentration of reduced glutathione (Δ = 0.30 ± 0.17, p = 0.039). In addition, there was a significant decrease in PEDF level (Δ = -6.4 ± 5.4, p = 0.004). Correlation analysis showed a negative link between Δ postprandial glucose and Δ NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase (-0.39, p = 0.033), Δ reduced glutathione and Δ postprandial glucose (-0.372, p = 0.043), Δ glutathione transferase and Δ PEDF (-0.37, p = 0.044). Conclusions The methylethylpiridinol addition to the therapy had a more potent stimulating effect on the patients' oxidative status in comparison with standard treatment, and reliably decreased pigment epithelium-derived factor level in patients' serum. The observed differences seem to be associated with the antioxidant activity of methylethylpiridinol which contributing to the mitigation of oxidative stress reducing at diabetes mellitus.
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12
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Liu AYL, Pek S, Low S, Moh A, Ang K, Tang WE, Lim Z, Subramaniam T, Sum CF, Lim SC. Association of overhydration and serum pigment epithelium-derived factor with CKD progression in diabetic kidney disease: A prospective cohort study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 174:108754. [PMID: 33741351 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM Little is known about whether overhydration (OH), measured using bioimpedance assay (BIA), is associated with CKD progression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We hypothesised that OH was a predictor, and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) was a modifiable risk factor of CKD progression. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of 1,065 patients with clinically euvolemic T2DM who attended the diabetes centre in a tertiary hospital or primary care clinic. CKD progression was defined as a combination of the worsening of the KDIGO defined CKD category by eGFR and a ≥25% decline in eGFR compared to baseline. RESULTS Patients with T2DM in the highest tertile of OH and relative OH (OH/ extracellular water > 7%) were positively associated with CKD progression (hazard ratio [HR] 1.45 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14-1.85; p = 0.003 and HR 1.29 [95%CI 1.05-1.59; p = 0.017]). There were positive associations between PEDF and CKD progression (β = 1.10; p = 0.001) and between OH and CKD progression (β = 0.21; p = 0.036). OH remained positively associated with CKD progression mediated by PEDF. CONCLUSIONS OH is an independent risk factor for CKD progression in patients with T2DM. Our study supports the novel definition of PEDF as a positive mediator between OH and CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Yan Lun Liu
- Department of General Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore
| | - Sharon Pek
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore 768828, Singapore
| | - Serena Low
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore 768828, Singapore
| | - Angela Moh
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore 768828, Singapore
| | - Keven Ang
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore 768828, Singapore
| | - Wern Ee Tang
- National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, 3 Fusionopolis Link, Nexus@one-north, South Tower, Singapore 138543, Singapore
| | - Ziliang Lim
- National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, 3 Fusionopolis Link, Nexus@one-north, South Tower, Singapore 138543, Singapore
| | - Tavintharan Subramaniam
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Block 676, Level 4, Kampung Admiralty, Woodlands Drive 71, Singapore 730676, Singapore
| | - Chee Fang Sum
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Block 676, Level 4, Kampung Admiralty, Woodlands Drive 71, Singapore 730676, Singapore
| | - Su Chi Lim
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore 768828, Singapore; Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Block 676, Level 4, Kampung Admiralty, Woodlands Drive 71, Singapore 730676, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore 117549, Singapore.
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13
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Low S, Pek S, Moh A, Khin CYA, Lim CL, Ang SF, Wang J, Ang K, Tang WE, Lim Z, Subramaniam T, Sum CF, Lim SC. Low muscle mass is associated with progression of chronic kidney disease and albuminuria - An 8-year longitudinal study in Asians with Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 174:108777. [PMID: 33745995 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We examined the longitudinal relationship between baseline skeletal muscle mass and its change over time with eGFR decline and albuminuria progression among Asians with type 2 diabetes(T2D). METHODS This was a prospective cohort study of 1272 T2D patients. Skeletal muscle mass was estimated using tetra-polar multi-frequency bio-impedance analysis and Skeletal Muscle Mass Index(SMI) was defined as skeletal muscle mass/weight * 100. RESULTS After up to 8 years of follow-up, 33.3% of participants had CKD progression and 28.3% albuminuria progression. Every 1-SD above baseline SMI was associated with 18% lower risk of CKD progression[Hazards Ratio(HR)0.82; 95%CI 0.70-0.97; p = 0.018] and 17% lower risk of albuminuria progression [HR 0.83 (95%CI 0.71-0.97; p = 0.017)]. The largest decrease in SMI over time was associated with 67% higher risk of CKD progression, compared to those with the smallest change from baseline SMI tertile 2[HR 1.67 (95%CI 1.10-2.55); p = 0.016]. Pigment epithelium-derived factor(PEDF) and plasma leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein (LRG1) accounted for 40.1% of the association between SMI and CKD progression. CONCLUSIONS Low baseline skeletal muscle mass and its reduction over time is associated with increased risk of progression of CKD among Asians with T2D. PEDF and LRG1 mediated the inverse relationship between SMI and CKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Low
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore, Block 676, Level 4, Kampung Admiralty, Woodlands Drive 71, Singapore 730676, Singapore; Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore 768828, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Sharon Pek
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore 768828, Singapore
| | - Angela Moh
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore 768828, Singapore
| | - Chaw Yu Aung Khin
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore 768828, Singapore
| | - Chin Leong Lim
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Su Fen Ang
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore 768828, Singapore
| | - Jiexun Wang
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore 768828, Singapore
| | - Keven Ang
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore 768828, Singapore
| | - Wern Ee Tang
- National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, Singapore, 3 Fusionopolis Link, Nexus@one-north, South Tower, Singapore 138543, Singapore
| | - Ziliang Lim
- National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, Singapore, 3 Fusionopolis Link, Nexus@one-north, South Tower, Singapore 138543, Singapore
| | - Tavintharan Subramaniam
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore, Block 676, Level 4, Kampung Admiralty, Woodlands Drive 71, Singapore 730676, Singapore
| | - Chee Fang Sum
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore, Block 676, Level 4, Kampung Admiralty, Woodlands Drive 71, Singapore 730676, Singapore
| | - Su Chi Lim
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore, Block 676, Level 4, Kampung Admiralty, Woodlands Drive 71, Singapore 730676, Singapore; Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore 768828, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, #10-01, Singapore 117549, Singapore.
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Fujikawa T, Ohara M, Kohata Y, Nagaike H, Fukase A, Osaka N, Yashima H, Sato N, Kushima H, Shinmura K, Takahashi Y, Hiromura M, Terasaki M, Mori Y, Fukui T, Matsui T, Hirano T, Yamagishi SI. Glucose Variability is Independently Correlated with Serum Level of Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor in Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Ther 2021; 12:827-842. [PMID: 33586119 PMCID: PMC7947132 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-021-01008-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) may play a role in cardiometabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate which biochemical and clinical parameters are independently associated with serum PEDF levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 124 patients with T2DM who underwent continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and blood chemistry analysis, including the diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) test and serum PEDF measurement (study 1). Then we investigated whether the changes in the studied biochemical and clinical parameters after 24 weeks of treatment (Δparameters) with anti-hyperglycemic agents, including sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, and/or insulin and anti-hypertensive drugs and statins, were independently correlated with change in PEDF (ΔPEDF) in 52 of the patients with T2DM for whom there was sufficient serum samples to perform the post-treatment analysis (study 2). Serum levels of PEDF were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. CGM metrics were calculated on days 2 and 3. Oxidative stress was evaluated using the d-ROMs test. RESULTS Body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, fasting C-peptide, mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), and d-ROMs were positively associated with serum PEDF level, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were inversely associated with serum PEDF level. Because these parameters were correlated with each other, multivariate stepwise analysis was performed: eGFR, HDL-C, BMI, MAGE, and UACR remained significant (R2 = 0.452). Furthermore, ΔMAGE and Δd-ROMs were positively correlated with ΔPEDF in study 2. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that MAGE may be independently correlated with elevations in serum PEDF level in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Fujikawa
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Ohara
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yo Kohata
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroe Nagaike
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Fukase
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Osaka
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironori Yashima
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuko Sato
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Kushima
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyoko Shinmura
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Takahashi
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Munenori Hiromura
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michishige Terasaki
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusaku Mori
- Anti-Glycation Research Section, Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Fukui
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Hirano
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Diabetes Center, Ebina General Hospital, Ebina, Japan
| | - Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- Division of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Elkazzaz SK, Khodeer DM, El Fayoumi HM, Moustafa YM. Role of sodium glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors dapagliflozin on diabetic nephropathy in rats; Inflammation, angiogenesis and apoptosis. Life Sci 2021; 280:119018. [PMID: 33549594 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic nephropathy is a major cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal failure worldwide. Dapagliflozin Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor is a new class of diabetic medications prescribed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The current study investigates the possible impact of dapagliflozin (DAPA) on inflammations, apoptosis, angiogenesis and fibrosis in early-stage diabetic nephropathy using a rat model of type 2 diabetes. MAIN METHODS Rats were divided into five groups, group1: normal vehicle group, group 2: diabetic group, group 3: diabetic+ DAPA (0.75 mg/kg), group 4: diabetic+DAPA (1.5 mg/kg), group 5: diabetic+DAPA (3 mg/kg). At the end of the study, Blood glucose level was measured. Serum insulin, BUN, and SCr were measured. Insulin resistance was determined using the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. Renal tissue homogenization was done for assessment of inflammatory markers TNF-α, PEDF, and PTX-3, In addition to apoptosis markers BCL-2 and BAX. Histopathological examinations were done for tubular renal cells and immunohistochemical examination for fibrosis marker α-SMA and angiogenic factor VEGF. KEY FINDINGS Treatments with dapagliflozin showed improvements in histopathological examinations, inflammatory and apoptotic markers compared to diabetic vehicles in a dose-dependent manner. SIGNIFICANCE Thus, dapagliflozin may have renoprotective effects, which be promising in diabetic patients suffered from nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa K Elkazzaz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Dina M Khodeer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Hassan M El Fayoumi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Yasser M Moustafa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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16
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Yu D, Shang J, Cai Y, Wang Z, Zhao B, Zhao Z, Simmons D. A low-cost laboratory-based method for predicting newly diagnosed biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy in people with type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 2020; 37:1728-1736. [PMID: 31797436 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To identify significant prognostic factors for newly diagnosed biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy using routine laboratory measures, from which to derive a low-cost explanatory model, and to use this model to examine associations between the potential low-cost test panels and the risk of diabetic nephropathy in people with type 2 diabetes with normal kidney function. METHOD A population-based case-control study was undertaken to test the association between diabetic nephropathy and 47 laboratory variables using a 'hypothesis-free' strategy and five routinely recorded factors in diabetes care (BMI, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, HbA1c , fasting glucose). Factors that were significant after Bonferroni correction were included in different test panels and used to develop diabetic nephropathy (outcome) explanatory models. Models were derived using risk-set sampling among 950 biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy cases newly diagnosed in the period between 2012 and 2018 and among 4750 age- and gender-matched controls. RESULTS A total of 15 Bonferroni-corrected significant laboratory predictors in the three test panels (blood cell, serum electrolytes and blood coagulation) were identified through multivariable analysis and used to develop the three explanatory models. The optimism-adjusted C-statistics and calibration slope were 0.725 (95% CI 0.723-0.728) and 0.978 (95% CI 0.912-0.999) for the blood cell model, 0.688 (95% CI 0.686-0.690) and 0.923 (95% CI 0.706-0.977) for the serum electrolytes model, 0.648 (95% CI 0.639-0.658) and 0.914 (95% CI 0.641-1.115) for the blood coagulation model, respectively. CONCLUSIONS A total of 15 predictors were significantly associated with newly diagnosed biopsy-proven diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes. The blood cell model appeared to be the low-cost model with the best predictive ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yu
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Arthritis Research UK Primary Care Centre, Research Institute for Primary Care and Health Sciences, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - J Shang
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Y Cai
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - B Zhao
- Second Division of Internal Medicine, Kejing Community Health Centre, Jiyuan, China
| | - Z Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - D Simmons
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Jiang W, Wang J, Shen X, Lu W, Wang Y, Li W, Gao Z, Xu J, Li X, Liu R, Zheng M, Chang B, Li J, Yang J, Chang B. Establishment and Validation of a Risk Prediction Model for Early Diabetic Kidney Disease Based on a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 20 Cohorts. Diabetes Care 2020; 43:925-933. [PMID: 32198286 DOI: 10.2337/dc19-1897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying patients at high risk of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) helps improve clinical outcome. PURPOSE To establish a model for predicting DKD. DATA SOURCES The derivation cohort was from a meta-analysis. The validation cohort was from a Chinese cohort. STUDY SELECTION Cohort studies that reported risk factors of DKD with their corresponding risk ratios (RRs) in patients with type 2 diabetes were selected. All patients had estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) <30 mg/g at baseline. DATA EXTRACTION Risk factors and their corresponding RRs were extracted. Only risk factors with statistical significance were included in our DKD risk prediction model. DATA SYNTHESIS Twenty cohorts including 41,271 patients with type 2 diabetes were included in our meta-analysis. Age, BMI, smoking, diabetic retinopathy, hemoglobin A1c, systolic blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, UACR, and eGFR were statistically significant. All these risk factors were included in the model except eGFR because of the significant heterogeneity among studies. All risk factors were scored according to their weightings, and the highest score was 37.0. The model was validated in an external cohort with a median follow-up of 2.9 years. A cutoff value of 16 was selected with a sensitivity of 0.847 and a specificity of 0.677. LIMITATIONS There was huge heterogeneity among studies involving eGFR. More evidence is needed to power it as a risk factor of DKD. CONCLUSIONS The DKD risk prediction model consisting of nine risk factors established in this study is a simple tool for detecting patients at high risk of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaofang Shen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenli Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhongai Gao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaochen Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ran Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
| | - Miaoyan Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
| | - Bai Chang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
| | - Juhong Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
| | - Baocheng Chang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Tianjin Medical University), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin, China
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Makridakis M, Kontostathi G, Petra E, Stroggilos R, Lygirou V, Filip S, Duranton F, Mischak H, Argiles A, Zoidakis J, Vlahou A. Multiplexed MRM-based protein quantification of putative prognostic biomarkers for chronic kidney disease progression in plasma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4815. [PMID: 32179759 PMCID: PMC7076027 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61496-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Current diagnostic measures for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) include detection of reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria, which have suboptimal accuracies in predicting disease progression. The disease complexity and heterogeneity underscore the need for multiplex quantification of different markers. The goal of this study was to determine the association of six previously reported CKD-associated plasma proteins [B2M (Beta-2-microglobulin), SERPINF1 (Pigment epithelium-derived factor), AMBP (Protein AMBP), LYZ (Lysozyme C), HBB (Hemoglobin subunit beta) and IGHA1 (Immunoglobulin heavy constant alpha 1)], as measured in a multiplex format, with kidney function, and outcome. Antibody-free, multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (MRM) assays were developed, characterized for their analytical performance, and used for the analysis of 72 plasma samples from a patient cohort with longitudinal follow-up. The MRM significantly correlated (Rho = 0.5–0.9) with results from respective ELISA. Five proteins [AMBP, B2M, LYZ, HBB and SERPINF1] were significantly associated with eGFR, with the three former also associated with unfavorable outcome. The combination of these markers provided stronger associations with outcome (p < 0.0001) compared to individual markers. Collectively, our study describes a multiplex assay for absolute quantification and verification analysis of previously described putative CKD prognostic markers, laying the groundwork for further use in prospective validation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manousos Makridakis
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Kontostathi
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Petra
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Rafael Stroggilos
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Lygirou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Szymon Filip
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Jerome Zoidakis
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Vlahou
- Biotechnology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece.
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19
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Ye X, Luo T, Wang K, Wang Y, Yang S, Li Q, Hu J. Circulating TNF receptors 1 and 2 predict progression of diabetic kidney disease: A meta-analysis. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2019; 35:e3195. [PMID: 31207020 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association of circulating tumor necrosis factor-1 (TNFR-1) and TNFR-2 with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progression, which is the first-ever quantitative analysis of these associations thus far. Whether TNFRs were better than albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) in predicting DKD progression was also explored. METHODS A systematic search of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases up to 1 February 2018, was conducted. The main outcome was DKD progression, which was defined as eGFR decline, macroalbuminuria, or incidence of DKD-related events. Eligible studies were included for pooled analysis using either fixed-effects or random-effects models to incorporate between-study variation by different measurement standards. Publication bias was evaluated using Egger's test. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 6526 participants from 11 cohorts with circulating TNFR-1 measurements and 5385 participants from 10 prospective studies with circulating TNFR-2 measurements. Compared with the lowest level category, diabetic patients with the highest TNFR-1 or TNFR-2 level category exhibited a higher risk of DKD progression (RR 2.51, 95% CI [1.92-3.27] for TNFR-1; 3.23 [1.99-5.26] for TNFR-2). The risk of DKD progression was also increased with the per unit increment of TNFR-1 or TNFR-2 (1.68 [1.43-1.97] for TNFR-1; 1.69 [1.31-2.17] for TNFR-2). Although existing studies did not support a direct comparison between ACR and TNFRs, it was undeniable that TNFRs could improve the predictive value in DKD progression. CONCLUSIONS Circulating TNFR-1 and TNFR-2 are reliable predictors of DKD progression. Whether TNFRs are better than ACR at predicting DKD progression needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kanran Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shumin Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qifu Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinbo Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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20
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Hunt KJ, Jenkins AJ, Fu D, Stevens D, Ma JX, Klein RL, Azar M, Zhang SX, Lopes-Virella MF, Lyons TJ. Serum pigment epithelium-derived factor: Relationships with cardiovascular events, renal dysfunction, and mortality in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT) cohort. J Diabetes Complications 2019; 33:107410. [PMID: 31434620 PMCID: PMC6786884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2019.107410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine if serum pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) levels predict cardiovascular events, renal dysfunction and mortality in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Study (VADT). METHODS PEDF was evaluated in relation to subsequent cardiovascular outcomes, mortality, and renal dysfunction (defined as urinary albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) ≥300 mg/g), or chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3 (eGFR<60 ml/min) or 4 (eGFR<60 and <30 ml/min respectively). PEDF was measured by ELISA on sera from 881 participants collected a median (range) of 1.7 (0-5.0) years post-baseline, and later, from 832 participants 4.0 (1.5-6.9) years post-baseline. RESULTS In 743 participants, PEDF was measured at both time-points. PEDF increased over time from (mean ± SD) 10.5 ± 4.03 to 11.0 ± 4.86 ng/ml (paired t-test p = 0.0092). Lower eGFR (p < 0.01), higher serum creatinine (p < 0.01) and urinary ACR (p < 0.01) were associated with increasing PEDF. Multivariate event time models included either one or two follow-up windows (i.e., between first and second PEDF measures; and, when available, from second PEDF measure until study-end). PEDF tertiles were not associated with cardiovascular events, but were significantly associated with all-cause mortality [HR = 2.00 (1.03, 3.89) comparing first to third tertile] in models adjusted for age, minority status, VADT treatment arm and prior cardiovascular event status. Higher PEDF levels also associated with development of kidney dysfunction with adjusted HRs (95% CI comparing third to first PEDF tertiles: 2.74 (1.71, 4.39) for stage 3 CKD; and 3.84 (95% CI: 1.17, 12.5) for stage 4 CKD. CONCLUSIONS Over 2-years, higher serum PEDF levels predicted advanced nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly J Hunt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America; Research Service, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States of America.
| | - Alicia J Jenkins
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Dongxu Fu
- Section of Endocrinology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Danielle Stevens
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Jian-Xing Ma
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Richard L Klein
- Research Service, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States of America; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Madona Azar
- Section of Endocrinology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States of America
| | - Sarah X Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Ross Eye Institute, University at Buffalo & SUNY Eye Institute, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States of America
| | - Maria F Lopes-Virella
- Research Service, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States of America; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
| | - Timothy J Lyons
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America
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21
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Cheung CYY, Lee CH, Tang CS, Xu A, Au KW, Fong CHY, Ng KKK, Kwok KHM, Chow WS, Woo YC, Yuen MMA, Hai J, Tan KCB, Lam TH, Tse HF, Sham PC, Lam KSL. Genetic Regulation of Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor (PEDF): An Exome-Chip Association Analysis in Chinese Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes 2019; 68:198-206. [PMID: 30305369 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Elevated circulating levels of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) have been reported in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its associated microvascular complications. This study aimed to 1) identify the genetic determinants influencing circulating PEDF levels in a clinical setting of T2D, 2) examine the relationship between circulating PEDF and diabetes complications, and 3) explore the causal relationship between PEDF and diabetes complications. An exome-chip association study on circulating PEDF levels was conducted in 5,385 Chinese subjects with T2D. A meta-analysis of the association results of the discovery stage (n = 2,936) and replication stage (n = 2,449) was performed. The strongest association was detected at SERPINF1 (p.Met72Thr; Pcombined = 2.06 × 10-57; β [SE] -0.33 [0.02]). Two missense variants of SMYD4 (p.Arg131Ile; Pcombined = 7.56 × 10-25; β [SE] 0.21 [0.02]) and SERPINF2 (p.Arg33Trp; Pcombined = 8.22 × 10-10; β [SE] -0.15 [0.02]) showed novel associations at genome-wide significance. Elevated circulating PEDF levels were associated with increased risks of diabetic nephropathy and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy. Mendelian randomization analysis showed suggestive evidence of a protective role of PEDF on sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (P = 0.085). Our study provided new insights into the genetic regulation of PEDF and further support for its potential application as a biomarker for diabetic nephropathy and sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy. Further studies to explore the causal relationship of PEDF with diabetes complications are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Y Y Cheung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Ho Lee
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Clara S Tang
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Wing Au
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Carol H Y Fong
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kelvin K K Ng
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kelvin H M Kwok
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Sun Chow
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu-Cho Woo
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michele M A Yuen
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - JoJo Hai
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kathryn C B Tan
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tai-Hing Lam
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hung-Fat Tse
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong-Guangdong Joint Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pak-Chung Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Genomic Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karen S L Lam
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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22
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Soluble cMet levels in urine are a significant prognostic biomarker for diabetic nephropathy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12738. [PMID: 30143691 PMCID: PMC6109090 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31121-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor and its receptor cMet activate biological pathways necessary for repair and regeneration following kidney injury. Here, we evaluated the clinical role of urinary cMet as a prognostic biomarker in diabetic nephropathy (DN). A total of 218 patients with DN were enrolled in this study. We examined the association of urine cMet levels and long-term outcomes in patients with DN. The levels of urinary cMet were higher in patients with decreased renal function than in patients with relatively preserved renal function (5.25 ± 9.62 ng/ml versus 1.86 ± 4.77 ng/ml, P = 0.001). A fully adjusted model revealed that a urinary cMet cutoff of 2.9 ng/mL was associated with a hazard ratio for end-stage renal disease of 2.33 (95% confidence interval 1.19–4.57, P = 0.014). The addition of urinary cMet to serum creatinine and proteinuria provided the highest net reclassification improvement. We found that in primary cultured human glomerular endothelial cells, TGFβ treatment induced fibrosis, and the protein expression levels of collagen I, collagen IV, fibronectin, and αSMA were decreased after administration of an agonistic cMet antibody. In conclusion, elevated levels of urinary cMet at the time of initial diagnosis could predict renal outcomes in patients with DN.
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23
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Endogenous Antiangiogenic Factors in Chronic Kidney Disease: Potential Biomarkers of Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071859. [PMID: 29937525 PMCID: PMC6073618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global health problem. Unless intensive intervention is initiated, some patients can rapidly progress to end-stage kidney disease. However, it is often difficult to predict renal outcomes using conventional laboratory tests in individuals with CKD. Therefore, many researchers have been searching for novel biomarkers to predict the progression of CKD. Angiogenesis is involved in physiological and pathological processes in the kidney and is regulated by the balance between a proangiogenic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, and various endogenous antiangiogenic factors. In recent reports using genetically engineered mice, the roles of these antiangiogenic factors in the pathogenesis of kidney disease have become increasingly clear. In addition, recent clinical studies have demonstrated associations between circulating levels of antiangiogenic factors and renal dysfunction in CKD patients. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the study of representative endogenous antiangiogenic factors, including soluble fms-related tyrosine kinase 1, soluble endoglin, pigment epithelium-derived factor, VEGF-A165b, endostatin, and vasohibin-1, in associations with kidney diseases and discuss their predictive potentials as biomarkers of progression of CKD.
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Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains one of the leading causes of reduced lifespan in diabetes. The quest for both prognostic and surrogate endpoint biomarkers for advanced DKD and end-stage renal disease has received major investment and interest in recent years. However, at present no novel biomarkers are in routine use in the clinic or in trials. This review focuses on the current status of prognostic biomarkers. First, we emphasise that albuminuria and eGFR, with other routine clinical data, show at least modest prediction of future renal status if properly used. Indeed, a major limitation of many current biomarker studies is that they do not properly evaluate the marginal increase in prediction on top of these routinely available clinical data. Second, we emphasise that many of the candidate biomarkers for which there are numerous sporadic reports in the literature are tightly correlated with each other. Despite this, few studies have attempted to evaluate a wide range of biomarkers simultaneously to define the most useful among these correlated biomarkers. We also review the potential of high-dimensional panels of lipids, metabolites and proteins to advance the field, and point to some of the analytical and post-analytical challenges of taking initial studies using these and candidate approaches through to actual clinical biomarker use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Colhoun
- MRC Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.
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25
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Zhang XZ, Tu WJ, Wang H, Zhao Q, Liu Q, Sun L, Yu L. Circulating Serum Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 Levels Predict the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Am J Ophthalmol 2018; 187:71-79. [PMID: 29305311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2017.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) has been implicated in the pathology of diabetes and macrovascular diseases. Serum FABP4 levels were determined in type 2 diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR) at admission in order to investigate a possible contribution of FABP4 to the increased risk of 5-year incidence of DR. DESIGN Cohort study. METHODS A total of 738 patients with type 2 diabetes without DR were consecutively enrolled and followed up prospectively. Retinopathy evaluation was annually performed by ophthalmologists in the following 5 years. Multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression models. RESULTS During the follow-up period, 152 (20.60% [95% CI: 17.68%-23.51%]) patients developed DR and 60 (8.13% [95% CI: 6.16%-10.10%]) patients developed vision-threatening DR (VTDR). Nonparametric Spearman rank correlation revealed a statistically significant positive correlation between serum FABP 4 level and international Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scales (r = 0.348; P < .001). After adjustment for other established risk factors, in multivariate models comparing the third and fourth quartiles against the first quartile of the FABP4, levels of FABP4 were associated with DR and the adjusted risk of DR increased by 124% (OR = 2.24 [95% CI 1.65-3.68], P = .006) and 227% (3.27 [2.04-5.56], P < .001), respectively. Similarly, the adjusted risk of VTDR increased by 140% (OR = 2.40 [95% CI 1.32-3.82], P = .001) and 278% (3.78 [2.17-6.59], P < .001), respectively. CONCLUSION FABP4 shows potential as a novel biomarker for DR prediction in Chinese patients with T2DM, and strict glycemic control and more frequent retinal examination should be highlighted for T2DM patients with the highest quartile range of FABP4.
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Sarcopenic obesity or obese sarcopenia: A cross talk between age-associated adipose tissue and skeletal muscle inflammation as a main mechanism of the pathogenesis. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 35:200-221. [PMID: 27702700 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 418] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia, an age-associated decline in skeletal muscle mass coupled with functional deterioration, may be exacerbated by obesity leading to higher disability, frailty, morbidity and mortality rates. In the combination of sarcopenia and obesity, the state called sarcopenic obesity (SOB), some key age- and obesity-mediated factors and pathways may aggravate sarcopenia. This review will analyze the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of SOB. In obese adipose tissue (AT), adipocytes undergo hypertrophy, hyperplasia and activation resulted in accumulation of pro-inflammatory macrophages and other immune cells as well as dysregulated production of various adipokines that together with senescent cells and the immune cell-released cytokines and chemokines create a local pro-inflammatory status. In addition, obese AT is characterized by excessive production and disturbed capacity to store lipids, which accumulate ectopically in skeletal muscle. These intramuscular lipids and their derivatives induce mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by impaired β-oxidation capacity and increased reactive oxygen species formation providing lipotoxic environment and insulin resistance as well as enhanced secretion of some pro-inflammatory myokines capable of inducing muscle dysfunction by auto/paracrine manner. In turn, by endocrine manner, these myokines may exacerbate AT inflammation and also support chronic low grade systemic inflammation (inflammaging), overall establishing a detrimental vicious circle maintaining AT and skeletal muscle inflammation, thus triggering and supporting SOB development. Under these circumstances, we believe that AT inflammation dominates over skeletal muscle inflammation. Thus, in essence, it redirects the vector of processes from "sarcopenia→obesity" to "obesity→sarcopenia". We therefore propose that this condition be defined as "obese sarcopenia", to reflect the direction of the pathological pathway.
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Yentrapalli R, Merl-Pham J, Azimzadeh O, Mutschelknaus L, Peters C, Hauck SM, Atkinson MJ, Tapio S, Moertl S. Quantitative changes in the protein and miRNA cargo of plasma exosome-like vesicles after exposure to ionizing radiation. Int J Radiat Biol 2017; 93:569-580. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2017.1294772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Yentrapalli
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Medical Genetics and Functional, Genomics, Aix Marseille University – Inserm UMR_S 910, Marseille, France
| | - Juliane Merl-Pham
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Omid Azimzadeh
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Lisa Mutschelknaus
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Peters
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael J. Atkinson
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Radiobiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany
| | - Soile Tapio
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Simone Moertl
- Institute of Radiation Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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28
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Cheung CYY, Tang CS, Xu A, Lee CH, Au KW, Xu L, Fong CHY, Kwok KHM, Chow WS, Woo YC, Yuen MMA, Hai JSH, Jin YL, Cheung BMY, Tan KCB, Cherny SS, Zhu F, Zhu T, Thomas GN, Cheng KK, Jiang CQ, Lam TH, Tse HF, Sham PC, Lam KSL. Exome-chip association analysis reveals an Asian-specific missense variant in PAX4 associated with type 2 diabetes in Chinese individuals. Diabetologia 2017; 60:107-115. [PMID: 27744525 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4132-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified many common type 2 diabetes-associated variants, mostly at the intronic or intergenic regions. Recent advancements of exome-array genotyping platforms have opened up a novel means for detecting the associations of low-frequency or rare coding variants with type 2 diabetes. We conducted an exomechip association analysis to identify additional type 2 diabetes susceptibility variants in the Chinese population. METHODS An exome-chip association study was conducted by genotyping 5640 Chinese individuals from Hong Kong, using a custom designed exome array, the Asian Exomechip. Single variant association analysis was conducted on 77,468 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Fifteen SNPs were subsequently genotyped for replication analysis in an independent Chinese cohort comprising 12,362 individuals from Guangzhou. A combined analysis involving 7189 cases and 10,813 controls was performed. RESULTS In the discovery stage, an Asian-specific coding variant rs2233580 (p.Arg192His) in PAX4, and two variants at the known loci, CDKN2B-AS1 and KCNQ1, were significantly associated with type 2 diabetes with exome-wide significance (p discovery < 6.45 × 10-7). The risk allele (T) of PAX4 rs2233580 was associated with a younger age at diabetes diagnosis. This variant was replicated in an independent cohort and demonstrated a stronger association that reached genome-wide significance (p meta-analysis [p meta] = 3.74 × 10-15) in the combined analysis. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We identified the association of a PAX4 Asian-specific missense variant rs2233580 with type 2 diabetes in an exome-chip association analysis, supporting the involvement of PAX4 in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Our findings suggest PAX4 is a possible effector gene of the 7q32 locus, previously identified from GWAS in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe Y Y Cheung
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Clara S Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Ageing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi-Ho Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ka-Wing Au
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Room 505, Faculty of Medicine Building, William M.W. Mong Block, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Carol H Y Fong
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kelvin H M Kwok
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wing-Sun Chow
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Cho Woo
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Michele M A Yuen
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - JoJo S H Hai
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Li Jin
- Molecular Epidemiological Research Centre, Guangzhou Number 12 Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bernard M Y Cheung
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kathryn C B Tan
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Stacey S Cherny
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Molecular Epidemiological Research Centre, Guangzhou Number 12 Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Molecular Epidemiological Research Centre, Guangzhou Number 12 Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - G Neil Thomas
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kar-Keung Cheng
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Chao-Qiang Jiang
- Molecular Epidemiological Research Centre, Guangzhou Number 12 Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tai-Hing Lam
- School of Public Health, Room 505, Faculty of Medicine Building, William M.W. Mong Block, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
- Molecular Epidemiological Research Centre, Guangzhou Number 12 Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hung-Fat Tse
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
- Hong Kong-Guangdong Joint Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pak-Chung Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
- Centre for Genomic Sciences, Centre for Genomic Sciences, University of Hong Kong, 6/F, HKJC Building for Interdisciplinary Research, 5 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory in Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Karen S L Lam
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
- Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Ageing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Kajikawa M, Maruhashi T, Iwamoto Y, Iwamoto A, Oda N, Kishimoto S, Matsui S, Aibara Y, Hidaka T, Kihara Y, Chayama K, Goto C, Noma K, Nakashima A, Matsui T, Yamagishi SI, Higashi Y. Circulating level of pigment epithelium-derived factor is associated with vascular function and structure: A cross-sectional study. Int J Cardiol 2016; 225:91-95. [PMID: 27716557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.09.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a glycoprotein that belongs to the superfamily of serine protease inhibitors. It is thought that PEDF plays a protective role against atherosclerosis. Clinical studies have shown that serum levels of PEDF are increased in subjects with cardiovascular risk factors. The role of PEDF in cardiovascular disease is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations between serum levels of PEDF and vascular function and structure. METHODS We measured serum levels of PEDF, assessed vascular function by measurements of flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) and nitroglycerine-induced vasodilation in the brachial artery, and measured brachial artery intima-media thickness (IMT) in 150 subjects who underwent health examinations. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Univariate regression analysis revealed that serum level of PEDF was significantly correlated with body mass index, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, FMD, nitroglycerine-induced vasodilation, and brachial artery IMT. Multivariate analysis revealed that serum levels of PEDF remained an independent predictor of nitroglycerine-induced vasodilation (β=-0.20, P=0.02) and brachial artery IMT (β=0.14, P=0.03) after adjustment of cardiovascular risk factors, while serum level of PEDF was not associated with FMD (β=-0.02, P=0.79). These findings suggest that PEDF may be a factor directly associated with atherosclerosis. The serum level of PEDF may be a new biochemical marker of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Kajikawa
- Division of Regeneration and Medicine, Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Maruhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yumiko Iwamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akimichi Iwamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nozomu Oda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinji Kishimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shogo Matsui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Aibara
- Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Hidaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasuki Kihara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chikara Goto
- Hiroshima International University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kensuke Noma
- Division of Regeneration and Medicine, Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ayumu Nakashima
- Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Sho-Ichi Yamagishi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yukihito Higashi
- Division of Regeneration and Medicine, Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan; Department of Cardiovascular Regeneration and Medicine, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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30
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Khan MZ. A possible significant role of zinc and GPR39 zinc sensing receptor in Alzheimer disease and epilepsy. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 79:263-72. [PMID: 27044837 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc the essential trace element, plays a significant role in the brain development and in the proper brain functions at every stage of life. Misbalance of zinc (Zn(2+)) ions in the central nervous system is involved in the pathogenesis of numerous neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Depression, and Epilepsy. In brain, Zn(2+) has been identified as a ligand, capable of activating and inhibiting the receptors including the NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDARs), GABAA receptors, nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), glycine receptors (glyR) and serotonin receptors (5-HT3). Recently GPR39 has been identified as a zinc-specific receptor, widely expressed in brain tissues including the frontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus. GPR39, when binding with Zn(2+) has shown promising therapeutic potentials. This review presents current knowledge regarding the role of GPR39 zinc sensing receptor in brain, with a focus on Alzheimer's disease and Epilepsy. Although the results are encouraging, further research is needed to clarify zinc and GPR39 role in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and Epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zahid Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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31
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Zheng T, Liu Y, Qin S, Liu H, Zhang X, Zhao H. Increased plasma dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activities are associated with high prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2016; 13:127-36. [PMID: 26821795 DOI: 10.1177/1479164115615356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between plasma Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) activities and diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 1193 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects were studied. Plasma DPP4 activity, mannose 6-phosphate receptor, inflammatory markers and oxidative stress parameters were measured in all participants. Diabetic nephropathy was defined as the presence of albuminuria or an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2). RESULTS Participants in the highest quartile of DPP4 activity had higher HbA1c, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, nitrotyrosine, 8-iso-PGF2a, interleukin-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, mannose 6-phosphate receptor, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and lower estimated glomerular filtration rate compared with participants in the lowest quartile (all p < 0.001). DPP4 activities were associated positively with HbA1c, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, nitrotyrosine, 8-iso-PGF2a, interleukin-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, mannose 6-phosphate receptor, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and negatively with estimated glomerular filtration rate (all p < 0.001). In the highest DPP4 quartile, diabetic nephropathy risk was significantly higher (odds ratio: 3.77; 95% confidence interval: 2.34-6.07) than in the lowest quartile after adjustment for potential confounders. This association remained strong (2.85; 1.74-4.68) after further controlling for HbA1c, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, nitrotyrosine and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. CONCLUSION This study shows that increased DPP4 activities are strongly and independently associated with diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes. The associations between DPP4 and diabetic nephropathy, although strong, do not imply causality. There are however plausible mechanisms which could explain such a link.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianpeng Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P.R. China Center of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P.R. China
| | - Yihong Liu
- Diabetic Centre of Control and Prevention, The People's Liberation Army 520 Hospital, Mianyang, P.R. China
| | - Shenghua Qin
- Medical Examination Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhang
- Center of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P.R. China
| | - Hailu Zhao
- Center of Diabetic Systems Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, P.R. China
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32
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Tang CS, Zhang H, Cheung CYY, Xu M, Ho JCY, Zhou W, Cherny SS, Zhang Y, Holmen O, Au KW, Yu H, Xu L, Jia J, Porsch RM, Sun L, Xu W, Zheng H, Wong LY, Mu Y, Dou J, Fong CHY, Wang S, Hong X, Dong L, Liao Y, Wang J, Lam LSM, Su X, Yan H, Yang ML, Chen J, Siu CW, Xie G, Woo YC, Wu Y, Tan KCB, Hveem K, Cheung BMY, Zöllner S, Xu A, Eugene Chen Y, Jiang CQ, Zhang Y, Lam TH, Ganesh SK, Huo Y, Sham PC, Lam KSL, Willer CJ, Tse HF, Gao W. Exome-wide association analysis reveals novel coding sequence variants associated with lipid traits in Chinese. Nat Commun 2015; 6:10206. [PMID: 26690388 PMCID: PMC4703860 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood lipids are important risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). Here we perform an exome-wide association study by genotyping 12,685 Chinese, using a custom Illumina HumanExome BeadChip, to identify additional loci influencing lipid levels. Single-variant association analysis on 65,671 single nucleotide polymorphisms reveals 19 loci associated with lipids at exome-wide significance (P<2.69 × 10−7), including three Asian-specific coding variants in known genes (CETP p.Asp459Gly, PCSK9 p.Arg93Cys and LDLR p.Arg257Trp). Furthermore, missense variants at two novel loci—PNPLA3 p.Ile148Met and PKD1L3 p.Thr429Ser—also influence levels of triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, respectively. Another novel gene, TEAD2, is found to be associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol through gene-based association analysis. Most of these newly identified coding variants show suggestive association (P<0.05) with CAD. These findings demonstrate that exome-wide genotyping on samples of non-European ancestry can identify additional population-specific possible causal variants, shedding light on novel lipid biology and CAD. An important risk factor for coronary artery disease is the level of blood lipids. Here the authors conduct an exome-wide association study in Chinese cohorts and identify three novel loci associated with lipid levels as well as three Asian-specific variants in known loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara S Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Chloe Y Y Cheung
- Department of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jenny C Y Ho
- Department of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Stacey S Cherny
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Genomic Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Oddgeir Holmen
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, HUNT Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway.,St Olav Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ka-Wing Au
- Department of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haiyi Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jia Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Robert M Porsch
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lijie Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weixian Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huiping Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lai-Yung Wong
- Department of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiming Mu
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Jingtao Dou
- Department of Endocrinology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Carol H Y Fong
- Department of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuyu Wang
- Beijing Hypertension League Institute, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Xueyu Hong
- Department of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liguang Dong
- Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhua Liao
- Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Levina S M Lam
- Centre for Genomic Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xi Su
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, China
| | - Hua Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, China
| | - Min-Lee Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Chung-Wah Siu
- Department of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gaoqiang Xie
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Cho Woo
- Department of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yangfeng Wu
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Kathryn C B Tan
- Department of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kristian Hveem
- Department of Public Health and General Practice, HUNT Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway
| | - Bernard M Y Cheung
- Department of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sebastian Zöllner
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Pharmacology &Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y Eugene Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | | | - Youyi Zhang
- Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tai-Hing Lam
- School of Public Health, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Santhi K Ganesh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Yong Huo
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Pak C Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Genomic Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karen S L Lam
- Department of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cristen J Willer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Hung-Fat Tse
- Department of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong-Guangdong Joint Laboratory on Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100191, China
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33
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PEDF and its roles in physiological and pathological conditions: implication in diabetic and hypoxia-induced angiogenic diseases. Clin Sci (Lond) 2015; 128:805-23. [PMID: 25881671 PMCID: PMC4557399 DOI: 10.1042/cs20130463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a broadly expressed multifunctional member of the serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) family. This widely studied protein plays critical roles in many physiological and pathophysiological processes, including neuroprotection, angiogenesis, fibrogenesis and inflammation. The present review summarizes the temporal and spatial distribution patterns of PEDF in a variety of developing and adult organs, and discusses its functions in maintaining physiological homoeostasis. The major focus of the present review is to discuss the implication of PEDF in diabetic and hypoxia-induced angiogenesis, and the pathways mediating PEDF's effects under these conditions. Furthermore, the regulatory mechanisms of PEDF expression, function and degradation are also reviewed. Finally, the therapeutic potential of PEDF as an anti-angiogenic drug is briefly summarized.
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34
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Lee CH, Lam KSL. Biomarkers of progression in diabetic nephropathy: The past, present and future. J Diabetes Investig 2015; 6:247-9. [PMID: 25969706 PMCID: PMC4420553 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ho Lee
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
| | - Karen Siu Ling Lam
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China ; Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, China
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