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da Silva Rosa Freire S, Padilha M, Lima Ferreira AL, Machado Schincaglia R, Cunha Figueiredo AC, Freitas-Costa NC, Yin X, Brennan L, Kac G. Association between the third trimester maternal serum metabolome and child growth and development through the first year of life. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18360. [PMID: 39112666 PMCID: PMC11306240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69247-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that maternal metabolome may be associated with child health outcomes. We analyzed the association between the maternal metabolome between 28-35 gestational weeks and child growth and development during the first year. A prospective cohort of 98 mother-child dyads was followed at birth, 1, 6, and 12 months. Maternal serum samples were collected for targeted LC-MS/MS analysis, which measured 132 metabolites. The child's growth and development were assessed at each time-point. Z-scores were calculated based on WHO growth standards, and the domains of development were assessed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ-3). Multiple linear mixed-effects models were performed and confounders were identified using a Diagram Acyclic Graph. The Benjamini-Hochberg correction was used for multiple comparison adjustments. We found a positive association between lysophosphatidylcholines (14:0; 16:0; 16:1; 17:0; 18:0; 18:1; 18:2; 20:4) with the z-score of weight-for-age, and lysophosphatidylcholines (14:0; 16:0; 16:1; 18:0) and taurine with the z-score of weight-for-length, and lysophosphatidylcholines (14:0; 16:0; 16:1; 17:0; 18:0; 18:1; 18:2; 20:4) and glycine with the z-score of BMI-for-age. The leucine, methionine, tryptophan, and valine were negatively associated with the fine motor skills domain. We observed an association between maternal metabolome and the growth and child's development throughout the first year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samary da Silva Rosa Freire
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marina Padilha
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Lorena Lima Ferreira
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda Caroline Cunha Figueiredo
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Cristina Freitas-Costa
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Xiaofei Yin
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Conway Institute, UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, Conway Institute, UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gilberto Kac
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, J2, Room 29, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941902, Brazil.
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Tang N, Liu Y, Yang S, Zhong M, Cui D, Chai O, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhang X, Hou Z, Sun H. Correlation between newborn weight and serum BCAAs in pregnant women with diabetes. Nutr Diabetes 2024; 14:38. [PMID: 38839749 PMCID: PMC11153640 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), including leucine, isoleucine, and valine, are essential amino acids for mammals. Maternal BCAAs during pregnancy have been associated with newborn development. Meanwhile, BCAAs have been tightly linked with insulin resistance and diabetes in recent years. Diabetes in pregnancy is a common metabolic disorder. The current study aims to assess the circulating BCAA levels in pregnant women with diabetes and their relationship with neonatal development. METHODS The serum concentrations of BCAAs and their corresponding branched-chain α-keto acids (BCKAs) catabolites in 33 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance, 16 pregnant women with type 2 diabetes before pregnancy (PDGM), and 15 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were determined using a liquid chromatography system coupled to a mass spectrometer. The data were tested for normal distribution and homogeneity of variance before statistical analysis. Correlations were computed with the Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS The maternal serum BCAAs and BCKAs levels during late pregnancy were higher in women with PGDM than those in healthy women. Meanwhile, the circulating BCAAs and BCKAs showed no significant changes in women with GDM compared with those in healthy pregnant women. Furthermore, the circulating BCAA and BCKA levels in women with PGDM were positively correlated with the weight of the newborn. The circulating leucine level in women with GDM was positively correlated with the weight of the newborn. BCAA and BCKA levels in healthy pregnant women showed no correlation with newborn weight. CONCLUSIONS The serum BCAAs in pregnant women with diabetes, which was elevated in PGDM but not GDM, were positively correlated with newborn weight. These findings highlight potential approaches for early identification of high-risk individuals and interventions to reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Tang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Yajin Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Sa Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Mengyu Zhong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Dongqing Cui
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Ou Chai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Yurong Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Yunwei Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Zhimin Hou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China.
| | - Haipeng Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China.
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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Lu Q, Li Y, Ye D, Yu X, Huang W, Zang S, Jiang G. Longitudinal metabolomics integrated with machine learning identifies novel biomarkers of gestational diabetes mellitus. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 209:9-17. [PMID: 37806596 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence from longitudinal studies is crucial to enhance our understanding of the role of metabolites in the progression of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Herein, a longitudinal untargeted metabolomic study was conducted to reveal the metabolomic profiles and biomarkers associated with the progression of GDM, and characterize the changing patterns of metabolites. METHODS We collected serum samples at three trimesters from 30 patients with GDM and 30 healthy Chinese pregnant women with pre-pregnancy BMI, age, and parity matched, and untargeted metabolomic analysis was performed, followed by machine learning approaches that integrated bootstrap and LASSO. Cluster analysis was conducted to elucidate the patterns of metabolite changes. Pathway analyses were conducted to gain insights into the underlying pathways involved. RESULTS A total of 32 metabolites, mainly belonging to amino acid and its derivatives, were significantly associated with GDM across three trimesters, and were clustered into three distinct patterns. Metabolites belonging to phosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidic acids, and lysophosphatidylethanolamines were consistently upregulated, and 2,3-Dihydroxypropyl dihydrogen phosphate was downregulated in GDM group. Amino acid-related, glycerophospholipid, and vitamin B6 metabolism were enriched in multiple trimesters. The levels of allantoic acid, which was positively correlated with blood glucose, was consistently higher in GDM patients and exhibited good discriminatory ability for GDM in the early and mid-pregnancy. CONCLUSION We identified and characterized distinct patterns of metabolites associated with GDM throughout pregnancy, and found that allantoic acid was a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhan Lu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dewei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Metabolic Phenotyping in Model Animals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangtian Yu
- Clinical Research Center, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyu Huang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shufei Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guozhi Jiang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Kavurt S, Uzlu SE, Bas AY, Tosun M, Çelen Ş, Üstün YE, Demirel N. Can the triglyceride-glucose index predict insulin resistance in LGA newborns? J Perinatol 2023; 43:1119-1124. [PMID: 36564472 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-022-01586-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to investigate the TyG index and TG/HDL-C ratio and their relationships with insulin resistance in LGA infants. METHODS A prospective controlled study was conducted including 65 LGA and gestational age, gender-matched appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates. Serum TG, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), insulin and glucose levels were measured within two hours after birth, TyG index and HOMA-IR values were calculated. RESULTS TyG index and TG/HDL- C ratio were higher in LGA neonates compared to AGA ones (p = 0.03; p = 0.00, respectively). Compared with AGA newborns, LGA newborns had higher levels of insulin and HOMA-IR (p = 0.00; p = 0.00, respectively). TyG index and TG/HDL-C ratio showed moderate correlation with HOMA-IR (r = 0.59 R2 = 0.35 p < 0.001; r = 0.5 R2 = 0.25 p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSıON: The results of this study show that LGA newborns have increased levels of TyG index and TG/HDL-C associated with insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumru Kavurt
- Department of Neonatology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanım Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Safiye Elif Uzlu
- Department of Neonatology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanım Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yagmur Bas
- Department of Neonatology, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Tosun
- Department of Neonatology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanım Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şevki Çelen
- Department of Perinatology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanım Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yaprak Engin Üstün
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanım Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nihal Demirel
- Department of Neonatology, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
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Jin WY, Chen XY, Han T, Jin Y, Chen TT, Wang ZH, Zhao ZY, Zhu ZW. Associations between cord blood metabolic factors and early-childhood growth and overweight and obesity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1164747. [PMID: 37497350 PMCID: PMC10366685 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1164747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This prospective cohort study was aimed at investigating the associations between cord blood metabolic factors and early-childhood growth, further elucidating the relationships between cord blood metabolites and overweight and obesity in early life. Methods A total of 2,267 pairs of mothers and offspring were recruited in our study. Cord blood plasma was assayed for triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), C-peptide, insulin, and glycosylated hemoglobin type A1C (HbA1c) levels. Data of anthropometric measurements were collected from offspring at birth, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the correlations between cord blood metabolic factors and weight Z-scores, body mass index (BMI) Z-scores, and weight gains at the early stage of life. Forward stepwise logistic regression analyses were applied to explore the associations between cord blood metabolic factors and early-childhood overweight and obesity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were applied to determine the optimal cutoff points for cord blood metabolic factors in predicting early-childhood overweight and obesity. Results After adjustments for covariates, cord blood TG concentrations and TG/TC ratios were negatively associated with weight Z-scores from birth to 18 months. Cord blood C-peptide and HbA1c levels were inversely associated with weight Z-scores at 6 months and 18 months. Cord blood TG concentrations and TG/TC ratios were negatively correlated with BMI Z-scores up to 18 months. Cord blood C-peptide levels and HbA1c levels were inversely correlated with BMI Z-scores at 18 months. Cord blood TG, TG/TC ratios, C-peptide, and HbA1c had negative correlations with weight gains from birth to 6 months, but the correlations attenuated as time went on. Increase in cord blood TG and HbA1c levels and TG/TC ratios were significantly associated with decreased risks of overweight and obesity at 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months. Conclusions Cord blood metabolic factors were significantly associated with early-childhood growth patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yuan Jin
- Department of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Chen
- Department of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Han
- Department of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- Department of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Han Wang
- Department of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Yan Zhao
- Department of Genetic and Metabolism, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhu
- Department of Developmental Behavioral Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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Bianco ME, Vu MH, Bain JR, Muehlbauer MJ, Ilkayeva OR, Scholtens DM, Josefson J, Lowe WL. Maternal and Cord Blood Serum Metabolite Associations with Childhood Adiposity and Body Composition Outcomes. Metabolites 2023; 13:749. [PMID: 37367907 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal metabolites influence the size of newborns independently of maternal body mass index (BMI) and glycemia, highlighting the importance of maternal metabolism on offspring outcomes. This study examined associations of maternal metabolites during pregnancy with childhood adiposity, and cord blood metabolites with childhood adiposity using phenotype and metabolomic data from the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) Study and the HAPO Follow-Up Study. The maternal metabolites analyses included 2324 mother-offspring pairs, while the cord blood metabolites analyses included 937 offspring. Multiple logistic and linear regression were used to examine associations between primary predictors, maternal or cord blood metabolites, and childhood adiposity outcomes. Multiple maternal fasting and 1 hr metabolites were significantly associated with childhood adiposity outcomes in Model 1 but were no longer significant after adjusting for maternal BMI and/or maternal glycemia. In the fully adjusted model, fasting lactose levels were negatively associated with child BMI z-scores and waist circumference, while fasting urea levels were positively associated with waist circumference. One-hour methionine was positively associated with fat-free mass. There were no significant associations between cord blood metabolites and childhood adiposity outcomes. Few metabolites were associated with childhood adiposity outcomes after adjusting for maternal BMI and glucose, suggesting that maternal BMI accounts for the association between maternal metabolites and childhood adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica E Bianco
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - My H Vu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - James R Bain
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Michael J Muehlbauer
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Olga R Ilkayeva
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Denise M Scholtens
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jami Josefson
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - William L Lowe
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Cao T, Zhao J, Hong X, Wang G, Pearson C, Adams WG, Hu FB, Wang X, Liang L. Cord Blood Plasma Metabolome-wide Associations With Height From Birth to Adolescence. J Bone Miner Res 2023; 38:707-718. [PMID: 36805685 PMCID: PMC10182250 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Although the maternal intrauterine metabolic environment has been recognized to have a profound impact on fetal growth and development with lifelong health implications, to our knowledge, there have been few large-scale birth cohort studies linking the cord metabolome (reflecting both the maternal and fetal metabolic state) with postnatal height measurements across the pediatric age range. Using data from the Boston Birth Cohort, an ongoing prospective birth cohort, this study investigated the association of cord plasma metabolites with children's height from birth to adolescence. Height was analyzed as attained height and longitudinal trajectories. Distinctive cord metabolite types were associated with attained height at different developmental windows: triacylglycerols [TAGs], diacylglycerols [DAGs], cholesterol ester [CEs], phospholipids, amino acids [AAs], acylcarnitines [ACs], and nucleotides in early (age 0-4 years) and middle (age 6-12 years) childhood; various metabolite types other than TAGs in later childhood (after age 14 years). Functional principal component analysis on children's repeated height measurements summarized two typical height trajectory components: loadings on first eigenfunction [FPC1] representing overall height by age, and loadings on second eigenfunction [FPC2] representing speed of pubertal height growth. Although only one cord metabolite was correlated with FPC1 after accounting for multiple testing, the study found 27 metabolites with significant overall effect on FPC2 among females and 18 among males. These metabolites were mostly phospholipids (including phosphatidylethanolamines [PEs], phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens [PE_Ps], phosphatidylcholines [PCs], lysophosphatidylethanolamines [LPEs], and lysophosphatidylcholines [LPCs]), AAs, and nucleotides. Their associations with height differed between overweight/obesity (OWO) and non-OWO children, especially among females. In this prospective study of US understudied urban, low-income, racially diverse children, we demonstrated that cord plasma metabolites were significantly associated with postnatal attained height at different age windows as well as height trajectories from birth to adolescence. We also revealed how these associations differed by children's sex and OWO status. Our findings help elucidate metabolic pathways underlying fetal origins of height growth across developmental stages. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyi Cao
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Building II 4th Floor, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Jiaxuan Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Building II 4th Floor, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Xiumei Hong
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, John Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Guoying Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, John Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Colleen Pearson
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - William G. Adams
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Building II 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Building II 2nd Floor, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, John Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Liming Liang
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Building II 4th Floor, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Avenue, Building II 2nd Floor, Boston, MA 02115
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Guixeres-Esteve T, Ponce-Zanón F, Morales JM, Lurbe E, Alvarez-Pitti J, Monleón D. Impact of Maternal Weight Gain on the Newborn Metabolome. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040561. [PMID: 37110219 PMCID: PMC10142613 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) appear to affect birth weight and the offspring's risk of obesity and disease later in life. However, the identification of the mediators of this relationship, could be of clinical interest, taking into account the presence of other confounding factors, such as genetics and other shared influences. The aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolomic profiles of infants at birth (cord blood) and 6 and 12 months after birth to identify offspring metabolites associated with maternal GWG. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) metabolic profiles were measured in 154 plasma samples from newborns (82 cord blood samples) and in 46 and 26 of these samples at 6 months and 12 months of age, respectively. The levels of relative abundance of 73 metabolomic parameters were determined in all the samples. We performed univariate and machine-learning analysis of the association between the metabolic levels and maternal weight gain adjusted for mother's age, Body Mass Index (BMI), diabetes, diet adherence and infant sex. Overall, our results showed differences, both at the univariate level and in the machine-learning models, between the offspring, according to the tertiles of maternal weight gain. Some of these differences were resolved at 6 and 12 months of age, whereas some others remained. Lactate and leucine were the metabolites with the strongest and longest association with maternal weight gain during pregnancy. Leucine, as well as other significant metabolites, have been associated in the past with metabolic wellness in both general and obese populations. Our results suggest that the metabolic changes associated to excessive GWG are present in children from early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Guixeres-Esteve
- Pediatric Department, Consorcio Hospital General, University of Valencia, 46014 Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Ponce-Zanón
- Pediatric Department, Consorcio Hospital General, University of Valencia, 46014 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital Clínico, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Morales
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital Clínico, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Pathology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Empar Lurbe
- Pediatric Department, Consorcio Hospital General, University of Valencia, 46014 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital Clínico, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Alvarez-Pitti
- Pediatric Department, Consorcio Hospital General, University of Valencia, 46014 Valencia, Spain
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital Clínico, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Monleón
- INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital Clínico, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Pathology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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9
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Francis EC, Kechris K, Jansson T, Dabelea D, Perng W. Novel Metabolic Subtypes in Pregnant Women and Risk of Early Childhood Obesity in Offspring. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e237030. [PMID: 37014638 PMCID: PMC10074224 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.7030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance The in utero metabolic milieu is associated with offspring adiposity. Standard definitions of maternal obesity (according to prepregnancy body mass index [BMI]) and gestational diabetes (GDM) may not be adequate to capture subtle yet important differences in the intrauterine environment that could be involved in programming. Objectives To identify maternal metabolic subgroups during pregnancy and to examine associations of subgroup classification with adiposity traits in their children. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study included mother-offspring pairs in the Healthy Start prebirth cohort (enrollment: 2010-2014) recruited from University of Colorado Hospital obstetrics clinics in Aurora, Colorado. Follow-up of women and children is ongoing. Data were analyzed from March to December 2022. Exposures Metabolic subtypes of pregnant women ascertained by applying k-means clustering on 7 biomarkers and 2 biomarker indices measured at approximately 17 gestational weeks: glucose, insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, free fatty acids (FFA), HDL-C:triglycerides ratio, and tumor necrosis factor α. Main Outcomes and Measures Offspring birthweight z score and neonatal fat mass percentage (FM%). In childhood at approximately 5 years of age, offspring BMI percentile, FM%, BMI in the 95th percentile or higher, and FM% in the 95th percentile or higher. Results A total of 1325 pregnant women (mean [SD] age, 27.8 [6.2 years]; 322 [24.3%] Hispanic, 207 non-Hispanic Black [15.6%], and 713 [53.8%] non-Hispanic White), and 727 offspring with anthropometric data measured in childhood (mean [SD] age 4.81 [0.72] years, 48% female) were included. We identified the following 5 maternal metabolic subgroups: reference (438 participants), high HDL-C (355 participants), dyslipidemic-high triglycerides (182 participants), dyslipidemic-high FFA (234 participants), and insulin resistant (IR)-hyperglycemic (116 participants). Compared with the reference subgroup, women in the IR-hyperglycemic and dyslipidemic-high FFA subgroups had offspring with 4.27% (95% CI, 1.94-6.59) and 1.96% (95% CI, 0.45-3.47) greater FM% during childhood, respectively. There was a higher risk of high FM% among offspring of the IR-hyperglycemic (relative risk, 8.7; 95% CI, 2.7-27.8) and dyslipidemic-high FFA (relative risk, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.0-11.3) subgroups; this risk was of greater magnitude compared with prepregnancy obesity alone, GDM alone, or both conditions. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study, an unsupervised clustering approach revealed distinct metabolic subgroups of pregnant women. These subgroups exhibited differences in risk of offspring adiposity in early childhood. Such approaches have the potential to refine understanding of the in utero metabolic milieu, with utility for capturing variation in sociocultural, anthropometric, and biochemical risk factors for offspring adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen C. Francis
- The Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Katerina Kechris
- The Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora
| | - Thomas Jansson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Dana Dabelea
- The Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
| | - Wei Perng
- The Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora
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10
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Yeum D, Gilbert-Diamond D, Doherty B, Coker M, Stewart D, Kirchner D, McRitchie S, Sumner S, Karagas MR, Hoen AG. Associations of maternal plasma and umbilical cord plasma metabolomics profiles with birth anthropometric measures. Pediatr Res 2023:10.1038/s41390-022-02449-2. [PMID: 36627359 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02449-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The metabolomics profiles of maternal plasma during pregnancy and cord plasma at birth might influence fetal growth and birth anthropometry. The objective was to examine how maternal plasma and umbilical cord plasma metabolites are associated with newborn anthropometric measures, a known predictor of future health outcomes. METHODS Pregnant women between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation were recruited as part of a prospective cohort study. Blood samples from 413 women at enrollment and 787 infant cord blood samples were analyzed using the Biocrates AbsoluteIDQ® p180 kit. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine associations of cord and maternal metabolites with infant anthropometry at birth. RESULTS In cord blood samples from this rural cohort from New Hampshire of largely white residents, 13 metabolites showed negative associations, and 10 metabolites showed positive associations with birth weight Z-score. Acylcarnitine C5 showed negative association, and 4 lysophosphatidylcholines showed positive associations with birth length Z-score. Maternal blood metabolites did not significantly correlate with birth weight and length Z-scores. CONCLUSIONS Consistent findings were observed for several acylcarnitines that play a role in utilization of energy sources, and a lysophosphatidylcholine that is part of oxidative stress and inflammatory response pathways in cord plasma samples. IMPACT The metabolomics profiles of maternal plasma during pregnancy and cord plasma at birth may influence fetal growth and birth anthropometry. This study examines the independent effects of maternal gestational and infant cord blood metabolomes across different classes of metabolites on birth anthropometry. Acylcarnitine species were negatively associated and glycerophospholipids species were positively associated with weight and length Z-scores at birth in the cord plasma samples, but not in the maternal plasma samples. This study identifies lipid metabolites in infants that possibly may affect early growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dabin Yeum
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.
| | - Diane Gilbert-Diamond
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.,Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Brett Doherty
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Modupe Coker
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Delisha Stewart
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - David Kirchner
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Susan McRitchie
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Susan Sumner
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.,Children's Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Anne G Hoen
- Department of Epidemiology, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.,Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
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11
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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Antenatal Corticosteroid Therapy-A Narrative Review of Fetal and Neonatal Outcomes. J Clin Med 2022; 12:jcm12010323. [PMID: 36615121 PMCID: PMC9820953 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There, we review the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), its influence on fetal physiology, and neonatal outcomes, as well as the usage of antenatal corticosteroid therapy (ACST) in pregnancies complicated by GDM. METHODS MEDLINE and PubMed search was performed for the years 1990-2022, using a combination of keywords on such topics. According to the aim of the investigation, appropriate articles were identified and included in this narrative review. RESULTS GDM is a multifactorial disease related to unwanted pregnancy course and outcomes. Although GDM has an influence on the fetal cardiovascular and nervous system, especially in preterm neonates, the usage of ACST in pregnancy must be considered taking into account maternal and fetal characteristics. CONCLUSIONS GDM has no influence on neonatal outcomes after ACST introduction. The ACST usage must be personalized and considered according to its gestational age-specific effects on the developing fetus.
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12
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Castro-Alves V, Orešič M, Hyötyläinen T. Lipidomics in nutrition research. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2022; 25:311-318. [PMID: 35788540 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review focuses on the recent findings from lipidomics studies as related to nutrition and health research. RECENT FINDINGS Several lipidomics studies have investigated malnutrition, including both under- and overnutrition. Focus has been both on the early-life nutrition as well as on the impact of overfeeding later in life. Multiple studies have investigated the impact of different macronutrients in lipidome on human health, demonstrating that overfeeding with saturated fat is metabolically more harmful than overfeeding with polyunsaturated fat or carbohydrate-rich food. Diet rich in saturated fat increases the lipotoxic lipids, such as ceramides and saturated fatty-acyl-containing triacylglycerols, increasing also the low-density lipoprotein aggregation rate. In contrast, diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as n-3 fatty acids, decreases the triacylglycerol levels, although some individuals are poor responders to n-3 supplementation. SUMMARY The results highlight the benefits of lipidomics in clinical nutrition research, also providing an opportunity for personalized nutrition. An area of increasing interest is the interplay of diet, gut microbiome, and metabolome, and how they together impact individuals' responses to nutritional challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matej Orešič
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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13
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Associations of Cord Blood Lipids with Childhood Adiposity at the Age of Three Years: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060522. [PMID: 35736455 PMCID: PMC9231066 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to examine the associations between cord blood lipids and childhood adiposity and to investigate whether these associations vary across birth weight categories (small for gestational age (SGA), appropriate for gestational age (AGA) and large for gestational age (LGA)) in 1306 infants in the Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study, China. Adiposity outcomes at the age of three years included z-scores of weight-for-length/height (WFLZ), body mass index (BMIZ), subscapular (SSTZ) and triceps skinfold thickness (TSTZ), and the sum of skinfold thicknesses (SSFTZ). Cord blood triglycerides (TG) levels were negatively associated with WFLZ and BMIZ, whereas high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were positively associated with WFLZ, BMIZ, TSTZ and SSFTZ. These associations were attenuated after adjustment for birth weight. Stratified analyses revealed that total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were positively associated with childhood adiposity indicators among AGA infants but tended to be negatively associated with the adiposity indicators among LGA infants (p values for interaction <0.05). Furthermore, TG levels appeared to be positively associated with adiposity indicators among SGA infants but negatively associated with the outcomes among LGA infants (p values for interaction <0.05). Cord blood lipids levels might be associated with childhood adiposity, and these associations appear to differ across different birth weight categories. If confirmed in future studies, our findings suggest that individualized management plans might be warranted in preventing obesity.
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14
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Network Approaches to Integrate Analyses of Genetics and Metabolomics Data with Applications to Fetal Programming Studies. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060512. [PMID: 35736446 PMCID: PMC9229972 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The integration of genetics and metabolomics data demands careful accounting of complex dependencies, particularly when modelling familial omics data, e.g., to study fetal programming of related maternal–offspring phenotypes. Efforts to identify genetically determined metabotypes using classic genome wide association approaches have proven useful for characterizing complex disease, but conclusions are often limited to a series of variant–metabolite associations. We adapt Bayesian network models to integrate metabotypes with maternal–offspring genetic dependencies and metabolic profile correlations in order to investigate mechanisms underlying maternal–offspring phenotypic associations. Using data from the multiethnic Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study, we demonstrate that the strategic specification of ordered dependencies, pre-filtering of candidate metabotypes, incorporation of metabolite dependencies, and penalized network estimation methods clarify potential mechanisms for fetal programming of newborn adiposity and metabolic outcomes. The exploration of Bayesian network growth over a range of penalty parameters, coupled with interactive plotting, facilitate the interpretation of network edges. These methods are broadly applicable to integration of diverse omics data for related individuals.
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15
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Aydogan Mathyk B, Piccolo BD, Alvarado F, Shankar K, O'Tierney-Ginn P. Metabolomic signatures of low- and high-adiposity neonates differ based on maternal BMI. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 322:E540-E550. [PMID: 35466692 PMCID: PMC9169820 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00356.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Maternal obesity [body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m2] is associated with greater neonatal adiposity, cord blood (CB) insulin levels, and a proinflammatory phenotype at birth, contributing to risk of future cardiometabolic disease in the offspring. Variation in neonatal adiposity within maternal BMI groups is underappreciated, and it remains unclear whether the metabolic impairments at birth are an outcome of maternal obesity or excess fetal fat accrual. We examined the hypothesis that CB metabolites associated with fetal fat accrual differ between offspring of normal-weight and obese women. Umbilical venous blood was collected at the time of scheduled cesarean delivery from 50 normal-weight women (LE; pregravid BMI = 22.3 ± 1.7 kg/m2) and 50 obese women (OB; BMI = 34.5 ± 3.0 kg/m2). Neonatal adiposity was estimated from flank skinfold thickness. The first (low adiposity, LA) and third (high adiposity, HA) tertiles of neonatal %body fat were used to create four groups: OBLA, OBHA, LELA, and LEHA. CB metabolites were measured via untargeted metabolomics. Broadly, the LA offspring of OB women (OBLA) metabolite signature differed from other groups. Lauric acid (C12:0) was 82-118% higher in OBLA vs. all other groups [false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.01]. Several other fatty acids, including palmitate, stearate, and linoleate, were higher in OBLA vs. OBHA groups. CB metabolites, such as lauric acid, a medium-chain fatty acid that may improve insulin sensitivity, were associated with neonatal adiposity differently between offspring of women with and without obesity. Changes in metabolically active lipids at birth may have long-term consequences for offspring metabolism.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Using untargeted metabolomics in 100 newborns, we found that cord blood metabolite signatures associated with neonatal adiposity differed between offspring of women with and without obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begum Aydogan Mathyk
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, HCA Healthcare/USF Morsani College of Medicine Brandon Regional Hospital, Brandon, Florida
| | - Brian D Piccolo
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Services, Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, Little Rock, Arkansas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Fernanda Alvarado
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kartik Shankar
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Nutrition, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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16
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Umbilical cord blood metabolomics: association with intrauterine hyperglycemia. Pediatr Res 2022; 91:1530-1535. [PMID: 33980991 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01516-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine hyperglycemia can harm a fetus's growth and development, and this can be seen in the umbilical cord blood metabolism disorder. However, the metabolites and metabolic mechanisms involved in the condition remain unknown. METHODS Targeted metabolomics using liquid chromatography and MetaboAnalyst were conducted in this study to explore differences in metabolites and metabolic pathways between individuals with hyperglycemia or well-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and healthy controls. RESULTS Univariate analysis found that the hyperglycemic and healthy control groups differed in 30 metabolites, while the well-controlled GDM and the healthy control groups differed only in three metabolites-ursodeoxycholic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid. Most of these metabolic variations were negatively associated with neonatal weights. Further research showed that the variations in the metabolites were primarily associated with the metabolic pathways of linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). CONCLUSION Gestational hyperglycemia and well-controlled GDM, which may play a major role by inhibiting the LA and ALA metabolic pathways, have detrimental effects on cord blood metabolism. IMPACT The main point of this paper is that intrauterine hyperglycemia has a negative effect on cord blood metabolism mainly through the linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid metabolic pathways. This is a study to report a new association between well-controlled GDM and cord blood metabolism. This study provides a possible explanation for the association between intrauterine hyperglycemia and neonatal adverse birth outcomes.
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17
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Hartvigsson O, Barman M, Savolainen O, Ross AB, Sandin A, Jacobsson B, Wold AE, Sandberg AS, Brunius C. Differences between Arterial and Venous Umbilical Cord Plasma Metabolome and Association with Parity. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020175. [PMID: 35208249 PMCID: PMC8877791 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Umbilical cord blood is frequently used in health monitoring of the neonate. Results may be affected by the proportion of arterial and venous cord blood, the venous blood coming from the mother to supply oxygen and nutrients to the infant, and the arterial carrying waste products from the fetus. Here, we sampled arterial and venous umbilical cords separately from 48 newly delivered infants and examined plasma metabolomes using GC-MS/MS metabolomics. We investigated differences in metabolomes between arterial and venous blood and their associations with gestational length, birth weight, sex, and whether the baby was the first born or not, as well as maternal age and BMI. Using multilevel random forest analysis, a classification rate of 79% was achieved for arteriovenous differences (p = 0.004). Several monosaccharides had higher concentrations in the arterial cord plasma while amino acids were higher in venous plasma, suggesting that the main differences in the measured arterial and venous plasma metabolomes are related to amino acid and energy metabolism. Venous cord plasma metabolites related to energy metabolism were positively associated with parity (77% classification rate, p = 0.004) while arterial cord plasma metabolites were not. This underlines the importance of defining cord blood type for metabolomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olle Hartvigsson
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden; (M.B.); (A.-S.S.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Malin Barman
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden; (M.B.); (A.-S.S.); (C.B.)
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Otto Savolainen
- Chalmers Mass Spectrometry Infrastructure, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden;
| | - Alastair B. Ross
- AgResearch, Proteins and Metabolites, Lincoln 7674, New Zealand;
| | - Anna Sandin
- Department of Clinical Science, Pediatrics, Sunderby Research Unit, Umeå University, 901 897 Umeå, Sweden;
| | - Bo Jacobsson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Agnes E. Wold
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Ann-Sofie Sandberg
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden; (M.B.); (A.-S.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Carl Brunius
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden; (M.B.); (A.-S.S.); (C.B.)
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18
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Mediators of lifestyle intervention effects on neonatal adiposity: are we missing a piece of the puzzle? Pediatr Res 2022; 91:522-525. [PMID: 33753890 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01450-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated possible mediators underlying lifestyle intervention effects on neonatal adiposity, assessed with sum of skinfolds and cord blood leptin. This is a secondary analysis of the DALI study, a randomised controlled trial in nine European countries. Pregnant women with a pre-pregnancy body mass index of ≥29 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to counselling for healthy eating (HE), physical activity (PA), HE&PA combined, or to usual care. We considered five maternal metabolic factors at 24-28 and 35-37 weeks of gestation, and four cord blood factors as possible mediators of the effect of combined HE&PA counselling on neonatal adiposity. From all potential mediators, the intervention only affected cord blood non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), which was higher in the HE&PA group compared to UC (0.068 (mmol/L), 95% CI: 0.004 to 0.133). Cord blood NEFA did not mediate the HE&PA intervention effects on neonatal sum of skinfolds or cord blood leptin, based on an indirect effect on skinfolds of 0.018 (mm), 95% CI: -0.217 to 0.253 and an indirect effect on leptin of -0.143 (μg/l), 95% CI: -0.560 to 0.273. The Dali study observed reductions in neonatal adiposity in pregnant women with obesity, but we were not able to identify the underlying metabolic pathway.
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Dimas A, Politi A, Papaioannou G, Barber TM, Weickert MO, Grammatopoulos DK, Kumar S, Kalantaridou S, Valsamakis G. The Gestational Effects of Maternal Appetite Axis Molecules on Fetal Growth, Metabolism and Long-Term Metabolic Health: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020695. [PMID: 35054881 PMCID: PMC8776066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased maternal food intake is considered a normal pregnancy adjustment. However, the overavailability of nutrients may lead to dysregulated fetal development and increased adiposity, with long-lasting effects on offspring in later life. Several gut-hormone molecules regulate maternal appetite, with both their orexigenic and anorectic effects being in a state of sensitive equilibrium. The aim of this manuscript is to systematically review literature on the effects of maternal gut-hormone molecules on fetal growth and metabolism, birth weight and the later metabolic health of offspring. Maternal serum ghrelin, leptin, IGF-1 and GLP-1 appear to influence fetal growth; however, a lack of consistent and strong correlations of maternal appetite axis hormones with birth weight and the concomitant correlation with fetal and birth waist circumference may suggest that these molecules primarily mediate fetal energy deposition mechanisms, preparing the fetus for survival after birth. Dysregulated intrauterine environments seem to have detrimental, sex-dependent effects on fetal energy stores, affecting not only fetal growth, fat mass deposition and birth weight, but also future metabolic and endocrine wellbeing of offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Dimas
- 3rd University Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School of Athens, Ethnikon and Kapodistriakon University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (G.P.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anastasia Politi
- Nephrology Department, University Hospital of Ioannina, Stavros Niarchos Ave., 45500 Ioannina, Greece;
| | - George Papaioannou
- 3rd University Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School of Athens, Ethnikon and Kapodistriakon University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (G.P.); (S.K.)
| | - Thomas M. Barber
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (T.M.B.); (M.O.W.); (S.K.)
| | - Martin O. Weickert
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (T.M.B.); (M.O.W.); (S.K.)
| | - Dimitris K. Grammatopoulos
- Institute of Precision Diagnostics and Translational Medicine, Pathology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire (UHCW) NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (D.K.G.); (G.V.)
| | - Sudhesh Kumar
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (T.M.B.); (M.O.W.); (S.K.)
| | - Sophia Kalantaridou
- 3rd University Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School of Athens, Ethnikon and Kapodistriakon University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (G.P.); (S.K.)
- Reproductive Endocrinology Unit, 3rd University Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Valsamakis
- Institute of Precision Diagnostics and Translational Medicine, Pathology, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire (UHCW) NHS Trust, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK; (D.K.G.); (G.V.)
- 2nd University Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Aretaieion University Hospital, Medical School of Athens, Ethnikon and Kapodistriakon University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
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20
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Cord Blood Metabolome and BMI Trajectory from Birth to Adolescence: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study on Early Life Biomarkers of Persistent Obesity. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110739. [PMID: 34822398 PMCID: PMC8625562 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing recognition on the role of early life metabolic programming in childhood obesity. This study sought to investigate whether newborn cord blood metabolome can predict future BMI. It included 946 children in the Boston Birth Cohort, a sample of high-risk yet understudied US urban, low-income, predominantly Black and Hispanic children, who were enrolled at birth and followed prospectively up to age 18 years. A total of 376 metabolites were measured in cord blood plasma. Longitudinal BMI trajectories were defined and categorized into three distinct patterns: early onset overweight and obesity (early-OWO), late onset OWO (late-OWO), and normal weight trajectory (NW). Multinomial logistic regression models were used to identify metabolites individually or as network modules associated with BMI trajectories. Of the 946 children, 388, 254, and 304 were classified as early-OWO, late-OWO, and NW, respectively. Of the seven co-metabolomic network modules defined, two were inversely correlated with early-OWO. Among the 68 metabolites within the two modules, 22 triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols were negatively associated with early-OWO; 5 cholesterol esters were positively associated with early-OWO. In this prospective birth cohort, we demonstrated distinctive longitudinal BMI trajectories and identified multiple cord plasma metabolites in relevant biological pathways that were associated with early-OWO.
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Zhou Y, Zhao R, Lyu Y, Shi H, Ye W, Tan Y, Li R, Xu Y. Serum and Amniotic Fluid Metabolic Profile Changes in Response to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and the Association with Maternal-Fetal Outcomes. Nutrients 2021; 13:3644. [PMID: 34684645 PMCID: PMC8539410 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to identify serum and amniotic fluid (AF) metabolic profile changes in response to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and explore the association with maternal-fetal outcomes. We established the GDM rat models by combining a high-fat diet (HFD) with an injection of low-dose streptozotocin (STZ), detected the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) of pregnant rats in the second and third trimester, and collected AF and fetal rats by cesarean section on gestational day 19 (GD19), as well as measuring the weight and crown-rump length (CRL) of fetal rats. We applied liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the untargeted metabolomics analyses of serum and AF samples and then explored their correlation with maternal-fetal outcomes via the co-occurrence network. The results showed that 91 and 68 metabolites were upregulated and 125 and 78 metabolites were downregulated in serum and AF samples exposed to GDM, respectively. In maternal serum, the obvious alterations emerged in lipids and lipid-like molecules, while there were great changes in carbohydrate and carbohydrate conjugates, followed by amino acids, peptides, and analogs in amniotic fluid. The altered pathways both in serum and AF samples were amino acid, lipid, nucleotide, and vitamin metabolism pathways. In response to GDM, changes in the steroid hormone metabolic pathway occurred in serum, and an altered carbohydrate metabolism pathway was found in AF samples. Among differential metabolites in two kinds of samples, there were 34 common biochemicals shared by serum and AF samples, and a mutual significant association existed. These shared differential metabolites were implicated in several metabolism pathways, including choline, tryptophan, histidine, and nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, and among them, N1-methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide, 5'-methylthioadenosine, and kynurenic acid were significantly associated with both maternal FPG and fetal growth. In conclusion, serum and AF metabolic profiles were remarkably altered in response to GDM. N1-Methyl-4-pyridone-3-carboxamide, 5'-methylthioadenosine, and kynurenic acid have the potential to be taken as biomarkers for maternal-fetal health status of GDM. The common and inter-related differential metabolites both in the serum and AF implied the feasibility of predicting fetal health outcomes via detecting the metabolites in maternal serum exposed to GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.S.); (W.Y.); (Y.T.); (R.L.)
- PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Runlong Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.S.); (W.Y.); (Y.T.); (R.L.)
- PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying Lyu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.S.); (W.Y.); (Y.T.); (R.L.)
- PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hanxu Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.S.); (W.Y.); (Y.T.); (R.L.)
- PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wanyun Ye
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.S.); (W.Y.); (Y.T.); (R.L.)
- PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuwei Tan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.S.); (W.Y.); (Y.T.); (R.L.)
- PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.S.); (W.Y.); (Y.T.); (R.L.)
- PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yajun Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.Z.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.S.); (W.Y.); (Y.T.); (R.L.)
- PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, NO.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, China
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Ao Z, Wu Z, Zhao H, Wu Z, Li Z. Associations of cord metabolome and biochemical parameters with the neonatal deaths of cloned pigs. Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 56:1519-1528. [PMID: 34487580 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal cloned pigs generated via somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) have high incidences of malformation and mortality. The mechanisms underlying the massive loss of cloned pig neonates remain unclear. We compared the cord serum metabolic profiles and biochemical indexes of SCNT-derived piglets that died within 4 days (SCNT-DW4), SCNT-derived piglets that survived over 4 days (SCNT-SO4) and artificial insemination (AI)-generated piglets that survived over 4 days (AI-SO4) to investigate the associations of serum metabolomics and biochemical indexes in umbilical cord (UC) sera at delivery with the neonatal loss of cloned pigs. Results showed that compared with SCNT-SO4 and AI-SO4 piglets, SCNT-DW4 piglets had lower birth weight, placental indexes, placental vascularization scores, UC scores, vitality scores, serum glucose and levels but higher creatinine, urea nitrogen and uric acid levels in cord sera. Metabolomics analysis revealed alterations in lipid, glucose and purine metabolism in the cord sera of SCNT-DW4 piglets. These results indicated that the disturbance of the cord serum metabolome might be associated with the low birth weight and malformations of cloned neonates. These effects were likely the consequences of the impaired placental morphology and function of SCNT-derived piglets. This study provides helpful information regarding the potential mechanisms responsible for the neonatal death of cloned pigs and also offers an important basis for the design of effective strategies to improve the survival rate of these animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Ao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhimin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Huaxing Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zicong Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Lupo PJ, Petrick LM, Hoang TT, Janitz AE, Marcotte EL, Schraw JM, Arora M, Scheurer ME. Using primary teeth and archived dried spots for exposomic studies in children: Exploring new paths in the environmental epidemiology of pediatric cancer. Bioessays 2021; 43:e2100030. [PMID: 34106479 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
It is estimated that 300,000 children 0-14 years of age are diagnosed with cancer worldwide each year. While the absolute risk of cancer in children is low, it is the leading cause of death due to disease in children in high-income countries. In spite of this, the etiologies of pediatric cancer are largely unknown. Environmental exposures have long been thought to play an etiologic role. However, to date, there are few well-established environmental risk factors for pediatric malignancies, likely due to technical barriers in collecting biological samples prospectively in pediatric populations for direct measurements. In this review, we propose the use of novel or underutilized biospecimens (dried blood spots and teeth) and molecular approaches for exposure assessment (epigenetics, metabolomics, and somatic mutational profiles). Future epidemiologic studies of pediatric cancer should incorporate novel exposure assessment methodologies, data on molecular features of tumors, and a more complete assessment of gene-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Lupo
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lauren M Petrick
- The Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thanh T Hoang
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amanda E Janitz
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Erin L Marcotte
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jeremy M Schraw
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Manish Arora
- The Senator Frank R. Lautenberg Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael E Scheurer
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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White PJ, McGarrah RW, Herman MA, Bain JR, Shah SH, Newgard CB. Insulin action, type 2 diabetes, and branched-chain amino acids: A two-way street. Mol Metab 2021; 52:101261. [PMID: 34044180 PMCID: PMC8513145 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A strong association of obesity and insulin resistance with increased circulating levels of branched-chain and aromatic amino acids and decreased glycine levels has been recognized in human subjects for decades. SCOPE OF REVIEW More recently, human metabolomics and genetic studies have confirmed and expanded upon these observations, accompanied by a surge in preclinical studies that have identified mechanisms involved in the perturbation of amino acid homeostasis- how these events are connected to dysregulated glucose and lipid metabolism, and how elevations in branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) may participate in the development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and other cardiometabolic diseases and conditions. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS In human cohorts, BCAA and related metabolites are now well established as among the strongest biomarkers of obesity, insulin resistance, T2D, and cardiovascular diseases. Lowering of BCAA and branched-chain ketoacid (BCKA) levels by feeding BCAA-restricted diet or by the activation of the rate-limiting enzyme in BCAA catabolism, branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), in rodent models of obesity have clear salutary effects on glucose and lipid homeostasis, but BCAA restriction has more modest effects in short-term studies in human T2D subjects. Feeding of rats with diets enriched in sucrose or fructose result in the induction of the ChREBP transcription factor in the liver to increase expression of the BCKDH kinase (BDK) and suppress the expression of its phosphatase (PPM1K) resulting in the inactivation of BCKDH and activation of the key lipogenic enzyme ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY). These and other emergent links between BCAA, glucose, and lipid metabolism motivate ongoing studies of possible causal actions of BCAA and related metabolites in the development of cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip J White
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA; Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Divisions of Endocrinology & Metabolism and Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | - Robert W McGarrah
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA; Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Divisions of Endocrinology & Metabolism and Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | - Mark A Herman
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA; Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Divisions of Endocrinology & Metabolism and Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | - James R Bain
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA; Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Divisions of Endocrinology & Metabolism and Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | - Svati H Shah
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA; Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Divisions of Endocrinology & Metabolism and Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | - Christopher B Newgard
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA; Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Divisions of Endocrinology & Metabolism and Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.
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Huhtala MS, Rönnemaa T, Pellonperä O, Tertti K. Cord serum metabolome and birth weight in patients with gestational diabetes treated with metformin, insulin, or diet alone. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2021; 9:e002022. [PMID: 34059525 PMCID: PMC8169462 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-002022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent research has demonstrated the benefits of metformin treatment in gestational diabetes (GDM) on short-term pregnancy outcomes (including excessive fetal growth and pre-eclampsia), but its effects on fetal metabolism remain mostly unknown. Our aim was to study the effects of metformin treatment compared with insulin or diet on the cord serum metabolome and also to assess how these metabolites are related to birth weight (BW) in pregnancies complicated by GDM. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Cord serum samples were available from 113, 97, and 98 patients with GDM treated with diet, insulin, and metformin, respectively. A targeted metabolome was measured using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The patients in the metformin and insulin groups had participated in a previous randomized trial (NCT01240785). RESULTS Cord serum alanine was elevated in the metformin group (0.53 mmol/L) compared with the insulin (0.45 mmol/L, p<0.001) and the diet groups (0.46 mmol/L, p<0.0001). All other measured metabolites were similar between the groups. The triglyceride (TG)-to-phosphoglyceride ratio, average very low-density lipoprotein particle diameter, docosahexaenoic acid, omega-3 fatty acids (FAs), and ratios of omega-3 and monounsaturated FA to total FA were inversely related to BW. The omega-6-to-total-FA and omega-6-to-omega-3-FA ratios were positively related to BW. Cholesterol in very large and large high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was positively (p<0.01) associated with BW when adjusted for maternal prepregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, glycated hemoglobin, and mode of delivery. CONCLUSIONS Metformin treatment in GDM leads to an increase in cord serum alanine. The possible long-term implications of elevated neonatal alanine in this context need to be evaluated in future studies. Although previous studies have shown that metformin increased maternal TG levels, the cord serum TG levels were not affected. Cord serum HDL cholesterol and several FA variables are related to the regulation of fetal growth in GDM. Moreover, these associations seem to be independent of maternal confounding factors. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01240785.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael S Huhtala
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, TYKS Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tapani Rönnemaa
- Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Medicine, TYKS Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Outi Pellonperä
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, TYKS Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Kristiina Tertti
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, TYKS Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Benhalima K, De Landtsheer A, Van Crombrugge P, Moyson C, Verhaeghe J, Verlaenen H, Vercammen C, Maes T, Dufraimont E, De Block C, Jacquemyn Y, Laenen A, Devlieger R, Minschart C, Mathieu C. Predictors of neonatal adiposity and associations by fetal sex in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and normal glucose-tolerant women. Acta Diabetol 2021; 58:341-354. [PMID: 33216207 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-020-01619-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine predictors of neonatal adiposity and differences in associations by fetal sex in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), normal-weight and overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) normal glucose-tolerant women (NGT). METHODS Skinfold thickness was measured in 576 newborns, and cord blood leptin, c-peptide and lipids in 327 newborns in a multi-centric prospective cohort study. RESULTS Compared to neonates of normal-weight NGT women (327), neonates of women with GDM (97) were more often large-for-gestational age (LGA) (16.5% vs 8.6%, p = 0.024) ,but the macrosomia rate (8.2% vs 5.8%, p = 0.388), sum of skinfolds (13.9 mm ± 2.9 vs 13.3 mm ± 2.6, p = 0.067), neonatal fat mass (1333.0 g ± 166.8 vs 1307.3 g ± 160.9, p = 0.356), and cord blood biomarkers were not significantly different. Compared to neonates of normal-weight NGT women, neonates of overweight NGT women (152) had higher rates of macrosomia (12.5% vs 5.8%, p = 0.012), LGA (17.1% vs 8.6%, p = 0.006), higher sum of skinfolds (14.3 mm ± 2.6 vs 13.2 mm ± 2.6, p < 0.001), neonatal fat mass (1386.0 g ± 168.6 vs 1307.3 g ± 160.9, p < 0.001), % neonatal fat mass > 90th percentile (15.2% vs 7.1%, p < 0.001), without significant differences in cord blood biomarkers. Maternal BMI, fasting glycemia, triglycerides, gestational weight gain, cord blood leptin ,and cord blood triglycerides were independent predictors for neonatal adiposity. Gestational weight gain was positively associated with adiposity in boys only. CONCLUSION Compared to neonates of normal-weight NGT women, neonates of GDM women have higher LGA rates but similar adiposity, while neonates of overweight NGT women have increased adiposity. Limiting gestational weight gain might be especially important in the male fetus to reduce neonatal adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Benhalima
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Anaïs De Landtsheer
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Van Crombrugge
- Department of Endocrinology, OLV Ziekenhuis Aalst-Asse-Ninove, Moorselbaan 164, 9300, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Carolien Moyson
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Verhaeghe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hilde Verlaenen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, OLV Ziekenhuis Aalst-Asse-Ninove, Moorselbaan 164, 9300, Aalst, Belgium
| | - Chris Vercammen
- Department of Endocrinology, Imelda ziekenhuis, Imeldalaan 9, 2820, Bonheiden, Belgium
| | - Toon Maes
- Department of Endocrinology, Imelda ziekenhuis, Imeldalaan 9, 2820, Bonheiden, Belgium
| | - Els Dufraimont
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Imelda ziekenhuis, Imeldalaan 9, 2820, Bonheiden, Belgium
| | - Christophe De Block
- Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2560, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Yves Jacquemyn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Antwerp University Hospital and Global Health Institute GHI Antwerp University, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Annouschka Laenen
- Center of Biostatics and Statistical Bioinformatics, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35 Bloc d - Box 7001, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roland Devlieger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Caro Minschart
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chantal Mathieu
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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Desoye G, Herrera E. Adipose tissue development and lipid metabolism in the human fetus: The 2020 perspective focusing on maternal diabetes and obesity. Prog Lipid Res 2020; 81:101082. [PMID: 33383022 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2020.101082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
During development, the human fetus accrues the highest proportion of fat of all mammals. Precursors of fat lobules can be found at week 14 of pregnancy. Thereafter, they expand, filling with triacylglycerols during pregnancy. The resultant mature lipid-filled adipocytes emerge from a developmental programme of embryonic stem cells, which is regulated differently than adult adipogenesis. Fetal triacylglycerol synthesis uses glycerol and fatty acids derived predominantly from glycolysis and lipogenesis in liver and adipocytes. The fatty acid composition of fetal adipose tissue at the end of pregnancy shows a preponderance of palmitic acid, and differs from the mother. Maternal diabetes mellitus does not influence this fatty acid profile. Glucose oxidation is the main source of energy for the fetus, but mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation also contributes. Indirect evidence suggests the presence of lipoprotein lipase in fetal adipose tissue. Its activity may be increased under hyperinsulinemic conditions as in maternal diabetes mellitus and obesity, thereby contributing to increased triacylglycerol deposition found in the newborns of such pregnancies. Fetal lipolysis is low. Changes in the expression of genes controlling metabolism in fetal adipose tissue appear to contribute actively to the increased neonatal fat mass found in diabetes and obesity. Many of these processes are under endocrine regulation, principally by insulin, and show sex-differences. Novel fatty acid derived signals such as oxylipins are present in cord blood with as yet undiscovered function. Despite many decades of research on fetal lipid deposition and metabolism, many key questions await answers.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Desoye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - E Herrera
- Faculties of Pharmacy and Medicine, University CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain.
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Bowman CE, Arany Z, Wolfgang MJ. Regulation of maternal-fetal metabolic communication. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:1455-1486. [PMID: 33084944 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03674-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy may be the most nutritionally sensitive stage in the life cycle, and improved metabolic health during gestation and early postnatal life can reduce the risk of chronic disease in adulthood. Successful pregnancy requires coordinated metabolic, hormonal, and immunological communication. In this review, maternal-fetal metabolic communication is defined as the bidirectional communication of nutritional status and metabolic demand by various modes including circulating metabolites, endocrine molecules, and other secreted factors. Emphasis is placed on metabolites as a means of maternal-fetal communication by synthesizing findings from studies in humans, non-human primates, domestic animals, rabbits, and rodents. In this review, fetal, placental, and maternal metabolic adaptations are discussed in turn. (1) Fetal macronutrient needs are summarized in terms of the physiological adaptations in place to ensure their proper allocation. (2) Placental metabolite transport and maternal physiological adaptations during gestation, including changes in energy budget, are also discussed. (3) Maternal nutrient limitation and metabolic disorders of pregnancy serve as case studies of the dynamic nature of maternal-fetal metabolic communication. The review concludes with a summary of recent research efforts to identify metabolites, endocrine molecules, and other secreted factors that mediate this communication, with particular emphasis on serum/plasma metabolomics in humans, non-human primates, and rodents. A better understanding of maternal-fetal metabolic communication in health and disease may reveal novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn E Bowman
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zoltan Arany
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael J Wolfgang
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Diet and Healthy Lifestyle in the Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103050. [PMID: 33036170 PMCID: PMC7599681 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among pregnant women increases the risk of both short-term and long-term complications, such as birth complications, babies large for gestational age (LGA), and type 2 diabetes in both mother and offspring. Lifestyle changes are essential in the management of GDM. In this review, we seek to provide an overview of the lifestyle changes which can be recommended in the management of GDM. The diet recommended for women with GDM should contain sufficient macronutrients and micronutrients to support the growth of the foetus and, at the same time, limit postprandial glucose excursions and encourage appropriate maternal gestational weight gain. Blood glucose excursions and hyperglycaemic episodes depend on carbohydrate-intake. Therefore, nutritional counselling should focus on the type, amount, and distribution of carbohydrates in the diet. Further, physical activity has beneficial effects on glucose and insulin levels and it can contribute to a better glycaemic control.
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30
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Sex differences in infant blood metabolite profile in association with weight and adiposity measures. Pediatr Res 2020; 88:473-483. [PMID: 31952075 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-0762-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolic profiling quantifies a large number of metabolites. From adolescence, specific metabolites are influenced by age, sex and body mass index; data on early-life metabolic profiles are limited. We investigated associations between sex, birth weight, weight and adiposity with NMR metabolic profile at age 12 months. METHODS The plasma NMR metabolic profile was quantified in infants (n = 485) from the Barwon Infant Study. Associations between 74 metabolites and sex, birth weight z-score and 12-month measures (weight z-score, skinfold thickness, weight-for-length z-score) were examined using linear regression models. RESULTS Several cholesterol and fatty acid measures were higher (0.2-0.3 SD) in girls than in boys; we observed modest sex-specific associations of birth weight z-scores and 12-month sum of skinfold thicknesses with metabolites. The pattern of associations between weight z-score and weight-for-length z-score with metabolites at 12 months was more pronounced in girls, particularly for fatty acid ratios. CONCLUSIONS We identified sex differences in the infant metabolic profile. Sex-specific patterns observed differ from those reported in older children and adults. We also identified modest cross-sectional associations between anthropometric and adiposity measures and metabolites, some of which were sex specific.
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31
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Alfano R, Chadeau-Hyam M, Ghantous A, Keski-Rahkonen P, Chatzi L, Perez AE, Herceg Z, Kogevinas M, de Kok TM, Nawrot TS, Novoloaca A, Patel CJ, Pizzi C, Robinot N, Rusconi F, Scalbert A, Sunyer J, Vermeulen R, Vrijheid M, Vineis P, Robinson O, Plusquin M. A multi-omic analysis of birthweight in newborn cord blood reveals new underlying mechanisms related to cholesterol metabolism. Metabolism 2020; 110:154292. [PMID: 32553738 PMCID: PMC7450273 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Birthweight reflects in utero exposures and later health evolution. Despite existing studies employing high-dimensional molecular measurements, the understanding of underlying mechanisms of birthweight remains limited. METHODS To investigate the systems biology of birthweight, we cross-sectionally integrated the methylome, the transcriptome, the metabolome and a set of inflammatory proteins measured in cord blood samples, collected from four birth-cohorts (n = 489). We focused on two sets of 68 metabolites and 903 CpGs previously related to birthweight and investigated the correlation structures existing between these two sets and all other omic features via bipartite Pearson correlations. RESULTS This dataset revealed that the set of metabolome and methylome signatures of birthweight have seven signals in common, including three metabolites [PC(34:2), plasmalogen PC(36:4)/PC(O-36:5), and a compound with m/z of 781.0545], two CpGs (on the DHCR24 and SC4MOL gene), and two proteins (periostin and CCL22). CCL22, a macrophage-derived chemokine has not been previously identified in relation to birthweight. Since the results of the omics integration indicated the central role of cholesterol metabolism, we explored the association of cholesterol levels in cord blood with birthweight in the ENVIRONAGE cohort (n = 1097), finding that higher birthweight was associated with increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and that high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower in small versus large for gestational age newborns. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggests that an integration of different omic-layers in addition to single omics studies is a useful approach to generate new hypotheses regarding biological mechanisms. CCL22 and cholesterol metabolism in cord blood play a mechanistic role in birthweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Alfano
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council-Health Protection Agency Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marc Chadeau-Hyam
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council-Health Protection Agency Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Akram Ghantous
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Pekka Keski-Rahkonen
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007, United States; Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Almudena Espin Perez
- Department of Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University, CA, United States
| | - Zdenko Herceg
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Manolis Kogevinas
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Theo M de Kok
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Environment & Health Unit, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alexei Novoloaca
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Chirag J Patel
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Costanza Pizzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, Torino, Italy
| | - Nivonirina Robinot
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Franca Rusconi
- Unit of Epidemiology, Anna Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council-Health Protection Agency Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Human Genetic Foundation (HuGeF), Turin, Italy
| | - Oliver Robinson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Medical Research Council-Health Protection Agency Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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32
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Kadakia R, Talbot O, Kuang A, Bain JR, Muehlbauer MJ, Stevens RD, Ilkayeva OR, Lowe LP, Metzger BE, Newgard CB, Scholtens DM, Lowe WL. Cord Blood Metabolomics: Association With Newborn Anthropometrics and C-Peptide Across Ancestries. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:4459-4472. [PMID: 31498869 PMCID: PMC6735762 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2019-00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Newborn adiposity is associated with childhood obesity. Cord blood metabolomics is one approach that can be used to understand early-life contributors to adiposity and insulin resistance. OBJECTIVE To determine the association of cord blood metabolites with newborn adiposity and hyperinsulinemia in a multiethnic cohort of newborns. DESIGN Cross-sectional, observational study. SETTING Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome study. PARTICIPANTS One thousand six hundred multiethnic mother-newborn pairs. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Cord blood C-peptide, birthweight, and newborn sum of skinfolds. RESULTS Meta-analyses across four ancestry groups (Afro-Caribbean, Northern European, Thai, and Mexican American) demonstrated significant associations of cord blood metabolites with cord blood C-peptide, birthweight, and newborn sum of skinfolds. Several metabolites, including branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines, nonesterified fatty acids, and triglycerides were negatively associated with cord C-peptide but positively associated with birthweight and/or sum of skinfolds. 1,5-Anhydroglucitol, an inverse marker of recent maternal glycemia, was significantly inversely associated with birthweight and sum of skinfolds. Network analyses revealed groups of interrelated amino acid, acylcarnitine, and fatty acid metabolites associated with all three newborn outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Cord blood metabolites are associated with newborn size and cord blood C-peptide levels after adjustment for maternal body mass index and glucose during pregnancy. Negative associations of metabolites with C-peptide at birth were observed. 1,5-Anhydroglucitol appears to be a marker of adiposity in newborns. BCAAs were individually associated with birthweight and demonstrated possible associations with newborn adiposity in network analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Kadakia
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: William L. Lowe, Jr., MD, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Rubloff Building, 12th Floor, 420 East Superior Street, Chicago, Ilinois 60611.
| | - Octavious Talbot
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alan Kuang
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - James R Bain
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Michael J Muehlbauer
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Robert D Stevens
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Olga R Ilkayeva
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lynn P Lowe
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Boyd E Metzger
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Christopher B Newgard
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - William L Lowe
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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