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Setayesh L, Amini A, Bagheri R, Moradi N, Yarizadeh H, Asbaghi O, Casazza K, Yekaninejad MS, Wong A, Suzuki K, Mirzaei K. Elevated Plasma Concentrations of Vitamin D-Binding Protein Are Associated with Lower High-Density Lipoprotein and Higher Fat Mass Index in Overweight and Obese Women. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093223. [PMID: 34579103 PMCID: PMC8472481 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Observational studies have established that vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D) concentrations are the major factors affecting the bioavailability of 25(OH)D. It has also been shown that poor 25(OH)D bioavailability elevates the risk of obesity and its related cardio-metabolic disorders. However, the relationship between 25(OH)D and DBP concentrations with cardio-metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese cohorts has not been established. Consequently, we evaluated the association between DBP and 25(OH)D concentrations with lipid profile, blood pressure (BP), and body composition in overweight and obese women. (2) Methods: In this cross-sectional study of 236 overweight and obese women, DBP and 25(OH)D concentrations were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Body composition was assessed via bioelectrical impedance analysis. Lipid profile and BP were assessed by an auto-analyzer and digital BP monitor, respectively. The associations were examined by multivariate logistic regression. (3) Results: The indicated showed an inverse relationship between DBP and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p = 0.010) concentrations (where individuals with higher DBP had lower HDL) which, after adjusting for possible cofounders, remained significant (p = 0.006). Moreover, DBP concentration was positively associated with fat mass index (FMI) after adjustment (p = 0.022). No significant relationships were observed among 25(OH)D and target variables. (4) Conclusions: In conclusion, lower concentrations of HDL and higher values of FMI are associated with higher concentrations of DBP in overweight and obese women. These findings present novel awareness regarding the association of DBP with some metabolic and body composition variables in overweight and obese women. However, a two-way causal relationship between DBP and target variables should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Setayesh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (L.S.); (H.Y.)
| | - Abbas Amini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Australian College of Kuwait, Safat 13015, Kuwait;
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran;
| | - Nariman Moradi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj 6617713446, Iran;
| | - Habib Yarizadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (L.S.); (H.Y.)
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran;
| | - Krista Casazza
- Marieb College of Health and Human Services, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA;
| | - Mir Saeed Yekaninejad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran;
| | - Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA 22207, USA;
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo 2-579-15, Japan
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417613151, Iran; (L.S.); (H.Y.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (K.M.)
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2
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Rozmus D, Ciesielska A, Płomiński J, Grzybowski R, Fiedorowicz E, Kordulewska N, Savelkoul H, Kostyra E, Cieślińska A. Vitamin D Binding Protein (VDBP) and Its Gene Polymorphisms-The Risk of Malignant Tumors and Other Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7822. [PMID: 33105665 PMCID: PMC7659952 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is an important component of the endocrine system that controls calcium homeostasis and bone mineralization. Because of the very short half-life of free serum vitamin D it is stabilized and transported to target tissues by being bound to the vitamin D binding protein (VDBP). The most common polymorphisms: rs4588 and rs7041 in the vitamin D binding protein gene may correlate with differences in vitamin D status in the serum. This review presents data that relate to the presence of genetic variants in the VDBP gene in correlation with certain diseases, mostly concerning cancers (breast, prostate, pancreatic, lung, colorectal, basal cell carcinoma cancer and cutaneous melanoma) or other related diseases (thyroid autoimmunity disorders, obesity, diabetes mellitus, bone metabolism, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tuberculosis and coronary artery diseases).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Rozmus
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (N.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Alicja Ciesielska
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (N.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Janusz Płomiński
- Clinical Department of Trauma-Orthopedic Surgery and Spine Surgery of the Provincial Specialist Hospital in Olsztyn, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.P.); (R.G.)
- Department and Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Roman Grzybowski
- Clinical Department of Trauma-Orthopedic Surgery and Spine Surgery of the Provincial Specialist Hospital in Olsztyn, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland; (J.P.); (R.G.)
- Department and Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ewa Fiedorowicz
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (N.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Natalia Kordulewska
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (N.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Huub Savelkoul
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AG Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Elżbieta Kostyra
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (N.K.); (E.K.)
| | - Anna Cieślińska
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (D.R.); (A.C.); (E.F.); (N.K.); (E.K.)
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3
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Pralle RS, Schultz NE, White HM, Weigel KA. Hyperketonemia GWAS and parity-dependent SNP associations in Holstein dairy cows intensively sampled for blood β-hydroxybutyrate concentration. Physiol Genomics 2020; 52:347-357. [PMID: 32628084 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00016.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperketonemia (HYK) is a metabolic disorder that affects early postpartum dairy cows; however, there has been limited success in identifying genomic variants contributing to HYK susceptibility. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using HYK phenotypes based on an intensive screening protocol, interrogated genotype interactions with parity group (GWIS), and evaluated the enrichment of annotated metabolic pathways. Holstein cows were enrolled into the experiment after parturition, and blood samples were collected at four timepoints between 5 and 18 days postpartum. Concentration of blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) was quantified cow-side via a handheld BHB meter. Cows were labeled as a HYK case when at least one blood sample had BHB ≥ 1.2 mmol/L, and all other cows were considered non-HYK controls. After quality control procedures, 1,710 cows and 58,699 genotypes were available for further analysis. The GWAS and GWIS were performed using the forward feature select linear mixed model method. There was evidence for an association between ARS-BFGL-NGS-91238 and HYK susceptibility, as well as parity-dependent associations to HYK for BovineHD0600024247 and BovineHD1400023753. Candidate genes annotated to these single nuclear polymorphism associations have been previously associated with obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance, and fatty liver in humans and rodent models. Enrichment analysis revealed focal adhesion and axon guidance as metabolic pathways contributing to HYK etiology, while genetic variation in pathways related to insulin secretion and sensitivity may affect HYK susceptibility in a parity-dependent matter. In conclusion, the present work proposes several novel marker associations and metabolic pathways contributing to genetic risk for HYK susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan S Pralle
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Nichol E Schultz
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Heather M White
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Kent A Weigel
- Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
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Viloria K, Nasteska D, Briant LJB, Heising S, Larner DP, Fine NHF, Ashford FB, da Silva Xavier G, Ramos MJ, Hasib A, Cuozzo F, Manning Fox JE, MacDonald PE, Akerman I, Lavery GG, Flaxman C, Morgan NG, Richardson SJ, Hewison M, Hodson DJ. Vitamin-D-Binding Protein Contributes to the Maintenance of α Cell Function and Glucagon Secretion. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107761. [PMID: 32553153 PMCID: PMC7302426 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin-D-binding protein (DBP) or group-specific component of serum (GC-globulin) carries vitamin D metabolites from the circulation to target tissues. DBP is highly localized to the liver and pancreatic α cells. Although DBP serum levels, gene polymorphisms, and autoantigens have all been associated with diabetes risk, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we show that DBP regulates α cell morphology, α cell function, and glucagon secretion. Deletion of DBP leads to smaller and hyperplastic α cells, altered Na+ channel conductance, impaired α cell activation by low glucose, and reduced rates of glucagon secretion both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, this involves reversible changes in islet microfilament abundance and density, as well as changes in glucagon granule distribution. Defects are also seen in β cell and δ cell function. Immunostaining of human pancreata reveals generalized loss of DBP expression as a feature of late-onset and long-standing, but not early-onset, type 1 diabetes. Thus, DBP regulates α cell phenotype, with implications for diabetes pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Viloria
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Daniela Nasteska
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Linford J B Briant
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Silke Heising
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Dean P Larner
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Nicholas H F Fine
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Fiona B Ashford
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Gabriela da Silva Xavier
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Maria Jiménez Ramos
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Annie Hasib
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Federica Cuozzo
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK
| | - Jocelyn E Manning Fox
- Department of Pharmacology and Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Patrick E MacDonald
- Department of Pharmacology and Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Ildem Akerman
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Gareth G Lavery
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Christine Flaxman
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Noel G Morgan
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Sarah J Richardson
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Martin Hewison
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham, Midlands, UK.
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5
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Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in women from southern Brazil and association with vitamin D-binding protein levels and GC-DBP gene polymorphisms. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226215. [PMID: 31830090 PMCID: PMC6907813 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent worldwide, and vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) a major regulator of serum vitamin D levels. The rs4588 and rs7041 polymorphisms of the GC gene constitute the genetic basis of the three major isoforms of circulating DBP (GC1s, GC1f, and GC2), while the rs2282679 variant is located in an important regulatory region of the GC gene. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency and to ascertain whether it is associated with DBP levels and with GC gene variants. Biorepository samples of 443 women aged 20 to 72 years, with no evidence of clinical disease, were analyzed. Circulating levels of 25(OH)D were considered sufficient if ≥20 ng/mL and deficient if <20 ng/mL. Genotype analysis was performed by RT-PCR. Mean age was 53.4±9.4 years; mean BMI was 27.8±5.8 kg/m2. The overall sample had mean 25(OH)D levels of 22.8±8.3 ng/mL; 39.7% of participants had deficient circulating 25(OH)D levels. Higher prevalence ratios (PR) of 25(OH)D deficiency were found for the CC genotype of rs2282679 (PR 1.74; 95%CI 1.30 to 2.24; p<0.001), GC2 isoform (PR 1.66; 95%CI 1.17 to 2.38; p = 0.005), time since menopause (PR 1.02; 95%CI 1.003 to 1.03, p = 0.016), and HOMA-IR (PR 1.02; 95%CI 1.01 to 1.03, p = 0.004). DBP levels (per 30 μg/mL increase in DBP) were associated with lower PR for 25(OH)D deficiency (PR 0.89; 95%CI 0.80;0.99; p = 0.027). Except for HOMA-IR, these prevalence ratios remained significant after adjustment for age and BMI. In conclusion, the rs2282679 polymorphism and the GC2 isoform of DBP were associated with lower serum DBP levels and with susceptibility to 25(OH)D deficiency in Brazilian women with no evidence of clinical disease.
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Rahimi MH, Mollahosseini M, Mirzababaei A, Yekaninejad MS, Maghbooli Z, Mirzaei K. Interactions between vitamin D binding protein variants and major dietary patterns on the odds of metabolic syndrome and its components in apparently healthy adults. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2019; 11:28. [PMID: 31007727 PMCID: PMC6454781 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-019-0422-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that the risks of chronic diseases resulting from high-risk alleles, such as cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome (MetS), can be affected by various dietary patterns. Among the genes affected by environmental factors are those associated with vitamin D binding protein (DBP). METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on a random sample of 265 apparently healthy adults aged 18-50. MetS was defined according to the adult treatment panel III criteria. Major dietary patterns were determined using factor analysis on 24 food groups, using a valid and reliable 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). DBP genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reactions-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS After adjustment for confounder factors, results demonstrated strong interactions between, on the one hand, a high intake of healthy pattern and DBP haplotype (rs7041/rs4588 major alleles) and on the other, low MetS odds (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.47-0.87, P ≤ 0.001), serum triglyceride levels (OR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.56-0.93, P = 0.01) and fasting blood glucose (OR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.14-0.96, P = 0.04). Also, individuals with a higher adherence to traditional dietary patterns demonstrated reduced odds of high waist circumference among the major allele (low-risk allele) carriers of rs7041/rs4588 (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.55-0.88, P = 0. 003). Interactions were also seen between high traditional pattern intake and DBP haplotype elevated blood pressure odds (OR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.02-1.68, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The present evidence indicates that interactions between healthy dietary patterns with DBP haplotypes (Gc 1F, Gc 1S and Gc 2) and traditional dietary patterns with DBP haplotypes may be effective in reducing the odds of MetS and some of its components through consuming healthy food groups and inherited low risk alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Rahimi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mollahosseini
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Saeed Yekaninejad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zhila Maghbooli
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box: 14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
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Vitamin D and Incidence of Prediabetes or Type 2 Diabetes: A Four-Year Follow-Up Community-Based Study. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:1926308. [PMID: 29743959 PMCID: PMC5878872 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1926308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Aim To examine whether the baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level was predictive of the onset of prediabetes or type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in the Chinese population. Methods This was a 4-year follow-up study that was conducted in the Chengdu region of China as part of the China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study. The study included 490 participants that were free of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at baseline and had complete data by follow-up examinations. Glucose, insulin, and 25(OH)D levels were measured at baseline and at 4 years later. Prediabetes and T2DM were defined by results obtained from an oral glucose tolerance test. Results Over a 4-year follow-up, 95 (48.5‰) developed prediabetes and 31 (15.8‰) individuals developed diabetes. Low 25(OH)D status was significantly associated with the risk of developing prediabetes [OR 3.01 (95% CI: 1.50–6.06), P = 0.002] and T2DM [OR 5.61 (95% CI: 1.73–18.27), P = 0.004] after adjustment for multiple potential confounders. In a multiple linear regression analysis, low baseline levels of 25(OH)D were an independent predictor of increased insulin resistance over a 4-year period (P < 0.05). Conclusions The current prospective study suggests that low 25(OH)D levels might have contributed to the incidence of prediabetes or T2DM in Chinese individuals. This trial is registered with TR-CCH-ChiCTR-OCS-09000361.
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Shi A, Wen J, Liu G, Liu H, Fu Z, Zhou J, Zhu Y, Liu Y, Guo X, Xu J. Genetic variants in vitamin D signaling pathways and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Oncotarget 2018; 7:67788-67795. [PMID: 27636996 PMCID: PMC5356519 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) deficiency during pregnancy has been repeatedly linked to an increased gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk. We sought to determine the influences of genetic variants in vitamin D signaling pathways on the risk of GDM. In this study, we genotyped 15 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within 8 representative genes (CYP27A1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, VDR, RXRA, RXRB, RXRG and GC) of the vitamin D signaling pathways in a case-control study with 964 GDM cases and 1,021 controls using the Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX platform. Logistic regression analyses in additive model showed that GC rs16847024 C>T, RXRG rs17429130 G>C and RXRA rs4917356 T>C were significantly associated with the increased risk of GDM (adjusted OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.10-1.58 for rs16847024; adjusted OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.04-1.57 for rs17429130; adjusted OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.06-1.54 for rs4917356). And GDM risk significantly increased with the increasing number of variant alleles of the three SNPs in a dose-dependent manner (P for trend < 0.001). Moreover, the combined effect of the three SNPs on GDM occurrence was more prominent in older women (age > 30). Further interactive analyses also detected a significantly multiplicative interaction between the combined variant alleles and age on GDM risk (P = 0.035). Together, these findings indicate that GC rs16847024, RXRG rs17429130 and RXRA rs4917356 were candidate susceptibility markers for GDM in Chinese females. Further validation studies with different ethnic background and biological function analyses were needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiwu Shi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Department of MICU, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Children Health Care, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangquan Liu
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziyi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of MICU, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Department of MICU, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaoqiu Liu
- Department of MICU, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xirong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Children Health Care, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Santos BR, Lecke SB, Spritzer PM. Genetic variant in vitamin D-binding protein is associated with metabolic syndrome and lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in polycystic ovary syndrome: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173695. [PMID: 28278285 PMCID: PMC5344505 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been related to metabolic syndrome (MetS) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) is the main protein involved in vitamin D transport. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the DBP gene, rs4588 and rs7041, have been associated with low circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in various populations, but not in women with PCOS. Therefore, we determined the genotype and haplotype distribution of DBP gene polymorphisms and investigated the associations between these genetic variants and their haplotypes with PCOS, MetS, and 25(OH)D levels in women with PCOS and controls from the South of Brazil. The sample included 291 women (191 with PCOS and 100 controls). All participants were genotyped for polymorphisms rs2282679, rs4588, and rs7041. Serum 25(OH)D levels were determined in a subset of 102 participants. Women with PCOS were younger and had significantly higher body mass index, blood pressure, and insulin resistance than the control group (p<0.05). The prevalence of MetS in PCOS and controls was 26.5% and 4.8% respectively. Levels of 25(OH)D were lower in PCOS women with MetS, even after adjustment for age (p = 0.033). No associations were observed between PCOS and the polymorphisms or their haplotypes. A higher frequency of genotype TT of rs7041 was found in PCOS participants with MetS (OR: 2.21, 95%CI:1.08–4.52; p = 0.027). This same genotype was associated with lower 25(OH)D levels in both PCOS and control women (OR: 4.40, 95%CI:1.62–12.00; p = 0.002). In conclusion, these findings indicate that DBP gene polymorphisms and their haplotypes are not directly associated with PCOS. In contrast, the TT genotype of SNP rs7041 was associated with MetS in PCOS women, and with lower 25(OH)D levels in both PCOS and control groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betânia Rodrigues Santos
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sheila Bünecker Lecke
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Department of Diagnostic Methods, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Poli Mara Spritzer
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Saif-Elnasr M, Ibrahim IM, Alkady MM. Role of Vitamin D on glycemic control and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 22:22. [PMID: 28413419 PMCID: PMC5377965 DOI: 10.4103/1735-1995.200278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D deficiency may play a key role in the development of impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and metabolic syndrome. Several studies have shown that Vitamin D has an antioxidant property. We aimed to investigate 25-hydroxy Vitamin D (25[OH]D) levels in patients with T2DM and in nondiabetic healthy controls and to ascertain the impact of 25(OH)D levels on glycemic control and oxidative stress in T2DM patients. Materials and Methods: Thirty male patients with T2DM and twenty age- and socioeconomic status-matched male healthy controls were included in the study. Fasting and postprandial blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured. Enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was determined by spectrophotometric assay, and serum levels of 25(OH)D were measured using radioimmunoassay. Results: Serum Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients with T2DM than healthy controls (P = 0.015). There was a significantly lower GPx activity in patients with T2DM than controls (P = 0.048), but the difference in SOD activity did not reach statistical significance. There was a significant negative correlation between serum Vitamin D levels and HbA1c (P = 0.016), but no statistical correlation was shown between serum Vitamin D levels and GPx and SOD. Conclusion: We conclude that low level of Vitamin D might play a significant role in T2DM pathogenesis. Hence, Vitamin D supplementation may improve glycemic control and oxidative stress in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Saif-Elnasr
- Department of Radiation Health Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iman M Ibrahim
- Department of Radiation Health Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal M Alkady
- Department of Radiation Health Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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11
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Mateos-Muñoz B, García-Martín E, Torrejón MJ, Devesa-Medina MJ, Esguevillas G, Cárdenas MC, Fernández C, Carballo M, Agúndez JA, Ladero JM. GC Gene Polymorphism and Unbound Serum Retinol-Binding Protein 4 Are Related to the Risk of Insulin Resistance in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3019. [PMID: 26962819 PMCID: PMC4998900 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is found in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) more frequently than in other chronic liver diseases.Prospective cross-sectional study to evaluate a wide multitest panel to identify factors related with IR in CHC and their possible interactions.In 76 patients with CHC we performed a series of routine laboratory analysis as well as specifically designed serum biochemical tests [retinol, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), 25-OH vitamin D, Vitamin E, lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and cystatin C]. The single nucleotide polymorphisms rs7041 and rs4588 GC-DBP (group-specific component-Vitamin D-binding protein), rs738409 PNPLA3 (patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3), and rs12979860 IL28B (interleukin-28 B) genes were determined. Insulin sensitivity was established with the HOMA-IR and IR was diagnosed when HOMA-IR > 3. Fibrosis staging was assessed with liver biopsy or transient elastography.After backward logistic regression analysis, independent variables associated with IR were Gc1s/Gc1s DBP phenotype, that results from the homozygous carriage of the rs7041G/rs4588C haplotype (P = 0.033); low retinol/RBP4 ratio, reflecting a greater rate of unbound RBP4 (P = 0.005); older age (P = 0.01); high serum tryglicerides (P = 0.026); and advanced (F3-F4) fibrosis stage. The AUROC provided by the multivariate model was 0.950 (95% CI = 0.906-0.993).In addition to previously known ones, the Gc1s/Gc1s phenotype variant of DBP and the unbound fraction of plasma RBP4 may be considered as factors related with the incidence, and possibly the risk, of IR in CHC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Mateos-Muñoz
- From the Services of Gastroenterology (BM-M, MJD-M, JML), Clinical Laboratory (MJT, MCC), and Clinical Epidemiology (CE), Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain (CF), Department of Pharmacology, Universidad de Extremadura (EG-M, GEN, JAA), Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Hospital de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain (MC), and Department of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain (MJD-M, JML)
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12
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Ackermann AM, Wang Z, Schug J, Naji A, Kaestner KH. Integration of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq identifies human alpha cell and beta cell signature genes. Mol Metab 2016; 5:233-244. [PMID: 26977395 PMCID: PMC4770267 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Although glucagon-secreting α-cells and insulin-secreting β-cells have opposing functions in regulating plasma glucose levels, the two cell types share a common developmental origin and exhibit overlapping transcriptomes and epigenomes. Notably, destruction of β-cells can stimulate repopulation via transdifferentiation of α-cells, at least in mice, suggesting plasticity between these cell fates. Furthermore, dysfunction of both α- and β-cells contributes to the pathophysiology of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and β-cell de-differentiation has been proposed to contribute to type 2 diabetes. Our objective was to delineate the molecular properties that maintain islet cell type specification yet allow for cellular plasticity. We hypothesized that correlating cell type-specific transcriptomes with an atlas of open chromatin will identify novel genes and transcriptional regulatory elements such as enhancers involved in α- and β-cell specification and plasticity. Methods We sorted human α- and β-cells and performed the “Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with high throughput sequencing” (ATAC-seq) and mRNA-seq, followed by integrative analysis to identify cell type-selective gene regulatory regions. Results We identified numerous transcripts with either α-cell- or β-cell-selective expression and discovered the cell type-selective open chromatin regions that correlate with these gene activation patterns. We confirmed cell type-selective expression on the protein level for two of the top hits from our screen. The “group specific protein” (GC; or vitamin D binding protein) was restricted to α-cells, while CHODL (chondrolectin) immunoreactivity was only present in β-cells. Furthermore, α-cell- and β-cell-selective ATAC-seq peaks were identified to overlap with known binding sites for islet transcription factors, as well as with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously identified as risk loci for type 2 diabetes. Conclusions We have determined the genetic landscape of human α- and β-cells based on chromatin accessibility and transcript levels, which allowed for detection of novel α- and β-cell signature genes not previously known to be expressed in islets. Using fine-mapping of open chromatin, we have identified thousands of potential cis-regulatory elements that operate in an endocrine cell type-specific fashion. Defined open chromatin regions in sorted human α- and β-cells using ATAC-seq. Detected type 2 diabetes-associated risk loci in human α- and β-cell open chromatin. Classified human α- and β-cell-specific transcripts using mRNA-seq. Discovered novel human α- and β-cell signature proteins. Identified potential gene regulatory regions by integrating ATAC- and mRNA-seq data.
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Key Words
- ARX, aristaless related homeobox
- ATAC-seq, Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with high throughput sequencing
- Alpha cell
- Beta cell
- CHODL, chondrolectin
- ChIP-seq, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation followed by high throughput sequencing
- DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- DPP4, dipeptidyl-peptidase 4
- Diabetes
- Epigenetics
- FACS, fluorescence-activated cell sorting
- FAIRE-seq, Formaldehyde-Assisted Isolation of Regulatory Elements followed by high throughput sequencing
- GC, group-specific protein
- GCG, glucagon
- GHRL, ghrelin
- IGF2, insulin like growth factor 2
- INS, insulin
- IRX2, iroquois homeobox 2
- Islet
- MAFA, v-maf avian musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A
- NEUROD1, neuronal differentiation 1
- Open chromatin
- PP, pancreatic polypeptide
- SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism
- SST, somatostatin
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Ackermann
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia 19104, PA, USA; Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, The University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia 19104, PA, USA.
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia 19104, PA, USA.
| | - Jonathan Schug
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, The University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia 19104, PA, USA; Department of Genetics, The University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia 19104, PA, USA.
| | - Ali Naji
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia 19104, PA, USA.
| | - Klaus H Kaestner
- Institute of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, The University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia 19104, PA, USA; Department of Genetics, The University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia 19104, PA, USA.
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Triunfo S, Lanzone A. Potential impact of maternal vitamin D status on obstetric well-being. J Endocrinol Invest 2016; 39:37-44. [PMID: 26062522 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-015-0330-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Despite its discovery 100 years ago, vitamin D (VD) has emerged as one of the most controversial nutrients and prohormones of the 21st century. In the past few years, a growing interest in VD has been observed in the biomedical literature due to evidences demonstrating a relevant relationship not only between regulation of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, but also multiple disease states and low VD status in the population. Indeed, several studies carried out to decipher its role in the body in almost every cell, tissue, and different organs. Recent findings suggested a significant implication of VD in different physiologic processes , such as vascular health, immune function, metabolism, and placental function. In the attempt to focus the attention on effect of VD on female reproductive health, there has been a paucity of data from randomized controlled trials to establish clear beneficial. Human and animal data suggest that low VD status is associated with impaired fertility, endometriosis, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Findings from observational studies show higher rates of preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, preterm birth, and bacterial vaginosis in women with low VD levels. By recent evidences, this review explored the association between maternal VD status and selected effects on maternal, perinatal, and infant health, and the impact of VD supplementation during pregnancy on obstetric well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Triunfo
- BCNatal-Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, University of Barcelona, Sabino de Arana, 1 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - A Lanzone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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14
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Mitchell DM, Leder BZ, Cagliero E, Mendoza N, Henao MP, Hayden DL, Finkelstein JS, Burnett-Bowie SAM. Insulin secretion and sensitivity in healthy adults with low vitamin D are not affected by high-dose ergocalciferol administration: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 102:385-92. [PMID: 26156733 PMCID: PMC4515870 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.111682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic data suggest that low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] increases insulin resistance and the risk of type 2 diabetes. Few interventional trials have assessed the effect of vitamin D on insulin metabolism, and published results are discordant. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to perform a detailed assessment of the effect of ergocalciferol administration on glucose and insulin metabolism in healthy people with low total 25(OH)D(total). DESIGN This was a 12-wk, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. We enrolled 90 healthy volunteers aged 18-45 y with serum 25(OH)D ≤20 ng/mL (by immunoassay) and administered 50,000 IU ergocalciferol/wk or placebo for 12 wk. Primary endpoints were change in first-phase insulin response and insulin sensitivity as measured by intravenous glucose tolerance test. Secondary endpoints included change in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; fasting glucose, insulin, and lipids; body mass index (BMI); and blood pressure. RESULTS On-study 25(OH)D(total) was assessed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In the treated group, 25(OH)D(total) rose from 18 ± 7 to 43 ± 12 ng/mL (P < 0.001) with no change in the placebo group. Despite this increase, at 12 wk, there were no between-group differences in either insulin response or insulin sensitivity; nor were there differences in any measured secondary endpoints. There was no evidence of effect modification by sex, race, glucose tolerance status, baseline 25(OH)D(total), or BMI. CONCLUSION In healthy persons with low 25(OH)D(total), ergocalciferol administration for 12 wk normalizes 25(OH)D(total) but does not improve insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, or other markers of metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Douglas L Hayden
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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15
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought association of genetic variants in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and vitamin D system with acute pancreatitis (AP) development and severity. BACKGROUND The endocrine RAS is involved in circulatory homeostasis through the pressor action of angiotensin II at its AT1 receptor. However, local RAS regulate growth and inflammation in diverse cells and tissues, and their activity may be suppressed by vitamin D. Intrapancreatic angiotensin II generation has been implicated in the development of AP. METHODS Five hundred forty-four white patients with AP from 3 countries (United Kingdom, 22; Germany, 136; and The Netherlands 386) and 8487 control subjects (United Kingdom 7833, The Netherlands 717) were genotyped for 8 polymorphisms of the RAS/vitamin D systems, chosen on the basis of likely functionality. RESULTS The angiotensin-converting enzyme I (rather than D) allele was significantly associated with alcohol-related AP when all cohorts were combined (P = 0.03). The renin rs5707 G (rather than A) allele was associated with AP (P = 0.002), infected necrosis (P = 0.025) and mortality (P = 0.046). CONCLUSIONS The association of 2 RAS polymorphisms with AP suggests the need for further detailed analysis of the role of RAS/vitamin D in the genesis or severity of AP, particularly given the ready potential for pharmacological manipulation of this system using existing marketed agents. However, further replication studies will be required before any such association is considered robust, particularly given the significant heterogeneity of AP causation and clinical course.
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Prevalence and prognostic implications of vitamin D deficiency in chronic kidney disease. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:868961. [PMID: 25883412 PMCID: PMC4391696 DOI: 10.1155/2015/868961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D is an important nutrient involved in bone mineral metabolism, and vitamin D status is reflected by serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and nutritional vitamin D supplementation decreases elevated parathyroid hormone concentrations in subgroups of these patients. Furthermore, vitamin D is supposed to have pleiotropic effects on various diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, malignancies, infectious diseases, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases. Indeed, there is cumulative evidence showing the associations of low vitamin D with the development and progression of CKD, cardiovascular complication, and high mortality. Recently, genetic polymorphisms in vitamin D-binding protein have received great attention because they largely affect bioavailable 25(OH)D concentrations. This finding suggests that the serum total 25(OH)D concentrations would not be comparable among different gene polymorphisms and thus may be inappropriate as an index of vitamin D status. This finding may refute the conventional definition of vitamin D status based solely on serum total 25(OH)D concentrations.
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Wang G, Li Y, Li L, Yu F, Cui L, Ba Y, Li W, Wang C. Association of the vitamin D binding protein polymorphisms with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2014; 4:e005617. [PMID: 25371416 PMCID: PMC4225232 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies on the association between vitamin D binding protein (DBP) polymorphisms and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have produced conflicting results. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine whether DBP polymorphisms are associated with the risk of T2DM. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS All eligible studies were searched and acquired from the Cochrane, Pubmed, ISI, CNKI (Chinese) and Wanfang (Chinese) databases. ORs with corresponding 95% CIs were computed to estimate the association between DBP polymorphisms and T2DM. In addition, heterogeneity test, meta-regression and sensitivity analysis were also conducted. RESULTS Six studies, which included 1191 cases and 882 controls, met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that no significant associations were found between codon 416 and codon 420 polymorphisms in the DBP and the risk of T2DM in the overall analyses. In stratified analysis, significant associations between the codon 420 polymorphism and T2DM were found in Asians (allele Lys vs Thr: OR (95% CI) 1.49 (1.19 to 1.85), genotype Lys/Thr versus Thr/Thr: OR (95% CI) 1.80 (1.36 to 2.38), and Lys/Thr+Lys/Lys versus Thr/Thr: OR (95% CI) 1.81 (1.37 to 2.39), respectively) but not in Caucasians. For the codon 416, the significant association with T2DM was also detected in Asians (genotype Glu/Asp+Glu/Glu vs Asp/Asp: OR (95% CI) 1.36 (1.04 to 1.78)) but not in Caucasians. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis demonstrated that the DBP polymorphism was moderately associated with increased susceptibility to T2DM in Asians, but a similar association was not found in Caucasians. It suggested that ethnicity might be the potential factor associated with heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoshuai Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqian Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Ba
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
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Raja-Khan N, Shah J, Stetter CM, Lott MEJ, Kunselman AR, Dodson WC, Legro RS. High-dose vitamin D supplementation and measures of insulin sensitivity in polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, controlled pilot trial. Fertil Steril 2014; 101:1740-6. [PMID: 24636395 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of high-dose vitamin D on insulin sensitivity in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN Randomized, placebo-controlled trial. SETTING Academic medical center. PATIENT(S) Twenty-eight women with PCOS. INTERVENTION(S) Vitamin D3, 12,000 IU, or placebo daily for 12 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The primary outcome was quantitative insulin sensitivity check index. Secondary outcomes included glucose and insulin levels during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and blood pressure. RESULT(S) Twenty-two women completed the study. Compared with placebo, vitamin D significantly increased 25-hydroxyvitamin D (mean [95% confidence interval] in vitamin D group 20.1 [15.7 to 24.5] ng/mL at baseline and 65.7 [52.3 to 79.2] ng/mL at 12 weeks; placebo 22.5 [18.1 to 26.8] ng/mL at baseline and 23.8 [10.4 to 37.2] ng/mL at 12 weeks). There were no significant differences in quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and other measures of insulin sensitivity; however, we observed trends toward lower 2-hour insulin and lower 2-hour glucose. We also observed a protective effect of vitamin D on blood pressure. CONCLUSION(S) In women with PCOS, insulin sensitivity was unchanged with high-dose vitamin D, but there was a trend toward decreased 2-hour insulin and a protective effect on blood pressure. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT00907153.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Raja-Khan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
| | - Julie Shah
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Christy M Stetter
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Mary E J Lott
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Allen R Kunselman
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - William C Dodson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Richard S Legro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Ashraf AP, Huisingh C, Alvarez JA, Wang X, Gower BA. Insulin resistance indices are inversely associated with vitamin D binding protein concentrations. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:178-83. [PMID: 24170105 PMCID: PMC3879668 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2013-2452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT We hypothesized that, similar to the coordinated homeostatic regulation of most hormones, the concentration of free and bioavailable 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] will be tightly controlled by total 25(OH)D and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) and that the VDBP concentrations will be associated with insulin resistance status. OBJECTIVE Our primary objective was to investigate associations between total, free, and bioavailable 25(OH)D and VDBP. We also evaluated the relationships of VDBP with insulin resistance indices. STUDY DESIGN The study design was cross-sectional in the setting of a university children's hospital. The relative concentration of bioavailable 25(OH)D to total 25(OH)D [bioavailable 25(OH)D/total 25(OH)D was expressed as a percentage [percentage bioavailable 25(OH)D]. RESULTS Subjects were 47, postmenarchal, female adolescents, with a mean age of 15.8±1.4 years, a mean body mass index of 23.1±4.0 kg/m2. The total 25(OH)D was strongly associated with VDBP (rho=0.57, P<.0001). At lower total 25(OH)D concentrations, the concentration of bioavailable 25(OH)D relative to total 25(OH)D was higher (23.8% vs 14.9%, P<.0001), whereas the relative concentration of free 25(OH)D was similar (P=.44). VDBP was inversely associated with fasting insulin (rho=-0.51, P=.0003) and homeostatic model assessment of basal insulin resistance (rho=-0.45, P=.002) and positively with whole-body insulin sensitivity (rho=0.33, P=.02); these relationships persisted after adjusting for percentage fat and attenuated after adjusting for race. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that VDBP concentrations are regulated by total 25(OH)D levels to maintain adequate concentrations of bioavailable 25(OH)D. VDBP concentrations are inversely associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambika P Ashraf
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology (A.P.A., X.W.), Department of Pediatrics, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (C.H.), and Department of Nutrition Sciences (B.A.G.), University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35233; and Division of Endocrinology (J.A.A.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
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Foucan L, Vélayoudom-Céphise FL, Larifla L, Armand C, Deloumeaux J, Fagour C, Plumasseau J, Portlis ML, Liu L, Bonnet F, Ducros J. Polymorphisms in GC and NADSYN1 Genes are associated with vitamin D status and metabolic profile in Non-diabetic adults. BMC Endocr Disord 2013; 13:36. [PMID: 24073860 PMCID: PMC3849583 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6823-13-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our aim was to assess the associations between vitamin D (vitD) status, metabolic profile and polymorphisms in genes involved in the transport (Group-Component: GC) and the hydroxylation (NAD synthetase 1: NADSYN1) of 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in non-diabetic individuals. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study with 323 individuals recruited from the Health Center of Guadeloupe, France. The rs2282679 T > G and rs2298849 T > C in GC and rs12785878 G > T in NADSYN1 were genotyped. RESULTS Mean age was 46(range 18-86) years. 57% of participants had vitD insufficiency, 8% had vitD deficiency, 61% were overweight and 58% had dyslipidemia. A higher frequency of overweight was noted in women carrying rs2298849T allele v CC carriers (71% v 50%; P = 0.035). The rs2282679G allele was associated with increased risks of vitD deficiency and vitD insufficiency (OR =3.53, P = 0.008, OR = 2.34, P = 0.02 respectively). The rs2298849 TT genotype was associated with vitD deficiency and overweight (OR =3.4, P = 0.004 and OR = 1.76, P = 0.04 respectively) and the rs12785878 GG genotype with vitD insufficiency and dyslipidemia (OR = 1.80, P = 0.01 and OR = 1.72, P = 0.03 respectively). Based on the number of risk alleles for rs2282679 and rs12785878 combined, a genotype score of 3 (vs. 0-1) was associated with a 5.5 ng/mL average reduction in serum 25(OH)D levels (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The GC and NADSYN1 genes are associated with the vitamin D status and might contribute to dyslipidemia and overweight independently of 25(OH)D levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Foucan
- Research group Clinical Epidemiology and MedicineResearch group, University of Antilles and Guyane, Guyane, France
- Department of Public Health and Medical Information, University Hospital of Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
- Département de Santé Publique, CHU de Pointe-à-Pitre, 97159 Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Fritz-Line Vélayoudom-Céphise
- Research group Clinical Epidemiology and MedicineResearch group, University of Antilles and Guyane, Guyane, France
- Diabetology Unit, University Hospital of Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Laurent Larifla
- Research group Clinical Epidemiology and MedicineResearch group, University of Antilles and Guyane, Guyane, France
| | - Christophe Armand
- Research group Clinical Epidemiology and MedicineResearch group, University of Antilles and Guyane, Guyane, France
| | - Jacqueline Deloumeaux
- Research group Clinical Epidemiology and MedicineResearch group, University of Antilles and Guyane, Guyane, France
| | - Cedric Fagour
- Research group Clinical Epidemiology and MedicineResearch group, University of Antilles and Guyane, Guyane, France
| | | | - Marie-Line Portlis
- Clinical Genetic Unit, University Hospital of Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Longjian Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fabrice Bonnet
- Endocrinology-Diabetology and nutrition Unit, University Hospital South of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Jacques Ducros
- Nephrology Unit, University Hospital of Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
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Genetic association analysis of vitamin D pathway with obesity traits. Int J Obes (Lond) 2013; 37:1399-406. [PMID: 23381556 PMCID: PMC3763965 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2013.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective Observational studies have examined the link between vitamin D deficiency and obesity traits. Some studies have reported associations between vitamin D pathway genes such as VDR, GC and CYP27B1 with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC); however, the findings have been inconsistent. Hence, we investigated the involvement of vitamin D metabolic pathway genes in obesity-related traits in a large population-based study. Methods We undertook a comprehensive analysis between 100 tagging polymorphisms (tagSNPs) in genes encoding for DHCR7, CYP2R1, VDBP, CYP27B1, CYP27A1, CYP24A1, VDR and RXRG and obesity traits in 5,224 participants (aged 45 years) in the 1958 British birth cohort (1958BC). We further extended our analyses to investigate the associations between SNPs and obesity traits using the summary statistics from the GIANT (Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits) consortium (n=123,865). Results In the 1958BC (n=5,224), after Bonferroni correction, none of the tagSNPs were associated with obesity traits except for one tagSNP from CYP24A1 that was associated with waist-hip ratio (WHR) (rs2296239, P=0.001). However, the CYP24A1 SNP was not associated with BMI-adjusted WHR (WHRadj) in the 1958BC (rs2296239, P=1.00) and GIANT results (n=123,865, P=0.18). There was also no evidence for an interaction between the tagSNPs and obesity on BMI, WC, WHR and WHRadj in the 1958BC. In the GIANT consortium, none of the tagSNPs were associated with obesity traits. Conclusions Despite a very large study, our findings suggest that the vitamin D pathway genes are unlikely to have a major role in obesity-related traits in the general population.
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Malik S, Fu L, Juras DJ, Karmali M, Wong BYL, Gozdzik A, Cole DEC. Common variants of the vitamin D binding protein gene and adverse health outcomes. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2013; 50:1-22. [PMID: 23427793 PMCID: PMC3613945 DOI: 10.3109/10408363.2012.750262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The vitamin D binding protein (DBP) is the major plasma carrier for vitamin D and its metabolites, but it is also an actin scavenger, and is the precursor to the immunomodulatory protein, Gc-MAF. Two missense variants of the DBP gene - rs7041 encoding Asp432Glu and rs4588 encoding Thr436Lys - change the amino acid sequence and alter the protein function. They are common enough to generate population-wide constitutive differences in vitamin D status, based on assay of the serum metabolite, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD). Whether these variants also influence the role of vitamin D in an immunologic milieu is not known. However, the issue is relevant, given the immunomodulatory effects of DBP and the role of protracted innate immune-related inflammation in response to tissue injury or repeated infection. Indeed, DBP and vitamin D may jointly or independently contribute to a variety of adverse health outcomes unrelated to classical notions of their function in bone and mineral metabolism. This review summarizes the reports to date of associations between DBP variants, and various chronic and infectious diseases. The available information leads us to conclude that DBP variants are a significant and common genetic factor in some common disorders, and therefore, are worthy of closer attention. In view of the heightened interest in vitamin D as a public health target, well-designed studies that look simultaneously at vitamin D and its carrier in relation to genotypes and adverse health outcome should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneil Malik
- Office of Biotechnology, Genomics and Population Health, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
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23
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Role of vitamin D in insulin resistance. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012:634195. [PMID: 22988423 PMCID: PMC3440067 DOI: 10.1155/2012/634195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is characterized as a regulator of homeostasis of bone and mineral metabolism, but it can also provide nonskeletal actions because vitamin D receptors have been found in various tissues including the brain, prostate, breast, colon, pancreas, and immune cells. Bone metabolism, modulation of the immune response, and regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation are all biological functions of vitamin D. Vitamin D may play an important role in modifying the risk of cardiometabolic outcomes, including diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. The incidence of type 2 DM is increasing worldwide and results from a lack of insulin or inadequate insulin secretion following increases in insulin resistance. Therefore, it has been proposed that vitamin D deficiency plays an important role in insulin resistance resulting in diabetes. The potential role of vitamin D deficiency in insulin resistance has been proposed to be associated with inherited gene polymorphisms including vitamin D-binding protein, vitamin D receptor, and vitamin D 1alpha-hydroxylase gene. Other roles have been proposed to involve immunoregulatory function by activating innate and adaptive immunity and cytokine release, activating inflammation by upregulation of nuclear factor κB and inducing tumor necrosis factor α, and other molecular actions to maintain glucose homeostasis and mediate insulin sensitivity by a low calcium status, obesity, or by elevating serum levels of parathyroid hormone. These effects of vitamin D deficiency, either acting in concert or alone, all serve to increase insulin resistance. Although there is evidence to support a relationship between vitamin D status and insulin resistance, the underlying mechanism requires further exploration. The purpose of this paper was to review the current information available concerning the role of vitamin D in insulin resistance.
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Focus on vitamin D, inflammation and type 2 diabetes. Nutrients 2012; 4:52-67. [PMID: 22347618 PMCID: PMC3277101 DOI: 10.3390/nu4010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 12/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The initial observations linking vitamin D to type 2 diabetes in humans came from studies showing that both healthy and diabetic subjects had a seasonal variation of glycemic control. Currently, there is evidence supporting that vitamin D status is important to regulate some pathways related to type 2 diabetes development. Since the activation of inflammatory pathways interferes with normal metabolism and disrupts proper insulin signaling, it is hypothesized that vitamin D could influence glucose homeostasis by modulating inflammatory response. Human studies investigating the impact of vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers of subjects with or at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes are scarce and have generated conflicting results. Based on available clinical and epidemiological data, the positive effects of vitamin D seem to be primarily related to its action on insulin secretion and sensitivity and secondary to its action on inflammation. Future studies specifically designed to investigate the role of vitamin D on type 2 diabetes using inflammation as the main outcome are urgently needed in order to provide a more robust link between vitamin D, inflammation and type 2 diabetes.
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Dorjgochoo T, Shi J, Gao YT, Long J, Delahanty R, Xiang YB, Cai Q, Shu XO. Genetic variants in vitamin D metabolism-related genes and body mass index: analysis of genome-wide scan data of approximately 7000 Chinese women. Int J Obes (Lond) 2011; 36:1252-5. [PMID: 22158264 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2011.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been consistently associated with obesity. However, it is unclear whether vitamin D deficiency is the cause or consequence of obesity. We investigated this question by evaluating the association between genetic variants in vitamin D metabolism pathway genes and obesity-related traits. Using directly genotyped and imputed data from a genome-wide association study of 6922 women aged 25-70 years, we examined the association of 198 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vitamin D pathway genes (CYP27A1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, CYP2R1, group-specific component (GC) and vitamin D nuclear receptor (VDR)) with body mass index (BMI) and body weight. Per allele beta (β) estimates were calculated for this association using linear regression models, controlling for age, square of age, menopausal status and sample sets. Overall, only two SNPs (rs2248359 in CYP24A1 and rs10832313 in CYP2R1) had a nominally significant association with BMI and weight (P<0.05 for all), with no variation observed by menopausal status, physical activity or dietary energy intake. None of the SNPs examined in the VDR gene were associated with BMI or weight. Our findings suggest that common genetic variants in vitamin D pathway genes do not have a major role in obesity among Chinese women. This comprehensive evaluation of genetic polymorphisms in vitamin D metabolism-related genes and obesity-related traits did not provide strong evidence to support low vitamin D levels as a cause of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dorjgochoo
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Institute of Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37203-1738, USA
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Grundmann M, von Versen-Höynck F. Vitamin D - roles in women's reproductive health? Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2011; 9:146. [PMID: 22047005 PMCID: PMC3239848 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-9-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few years a growing interest in vitamin D can be observed in the lay and biomedical literature due to findings demonstrating a low vitamin D status in the population. In addition to its importance for the regulation of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis recent epidemiologic studies have observed relationships between low vitamin D levels and multiple disease states. This secosteroid hormone also regulates the expression of a large number of genes in reproductive tissues implicating a role for vitamin D in female reproduction. In this report we summarize the recent evidence that vitamin D status influences female reproductive and pregnancy outcomes. Human and animal data suggest that low vitamin D status is associated with impaired fertility, endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome. Evidence from observational studies shows higher rates of preeclampsia, preterm birth, bacterial vaginosis and gestational diabetes in women with low vitamin D levels. However, confirmation of experimental observations establishing an association of vitamin D deficiency with adverse reproductive outcomes by high quality observational and large-scale randomized clinical trials is still lacking. The determination of optimal 25(OH)D3 levels in the reproductive period and the amount of vitamin D supplementation required to achieve those levels for the numerous actions of vitamin D throughout a woman's life would have important public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Grundmann
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Garcia-Bailo B, El-Sohemy A, Haddad PS, Arora P, Benzaied F, Karmali M, Badawi A. Vitamins D, C, and E in the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus: modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress. Biologics 2011; 5:7-19. [PMID: 21383912 PMCID: PMC3044790 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s14417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide, and certain population subgroups are especially vulnerable to the disease. To reduce T2DM risk and progression at the population level, preventative strategies are needed that can be implemented on a population-wide scale with minimal cost and effort. Chronic low-grade inflammation resulting from oxidative stress and imbalances in the innate immune system has been associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance – critical stages in the development and progression of T2DM. Therefore, inflammation may play a causal role in the pathogenesis of T2DM, and reducing it via modulation of oxidative stress and the innate immune response could lead to a status of improved insulin sensitivity and delayed disease onset. Dietary supplementation with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant nutritional factors, such as micronutrients, might present a novel strategy toward the prevention and control of T2DM at the population level. This review examines current knowledge linking oxidation, inflammatory signaling pathways, and vitamin supplementation or intake to the risk of T2DM. The concept that micronutrients, via attenuation of inflammation, could be employed as a novel preventive measure for T2DM is evaluated in the context of its relevance to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibiana Garcia-Bailo
- Office for Biotechnology, Genomics and Population Health, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Badawi A, Klip A, Haddad P, Cole DEC, Bailo BG, El-Sohemy A, Karmali M. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and inflammation: Prospects for biomarkers of risk and nutritional intervention. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2010; 3:173-86. [PMID: 21437087 PMCID: PMC3047967 DOI: 10.2147/dmsott.s9089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is a significant health problem worldwide. Active disease is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation resulting in part from the activation of the innate immune system. In obesity, this activation leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 that block major anabolic cascades downstream of insulin signaling and thus disrupt insulin homeostasis and action. Cytokines also trigger the production of acute-phase reactants such as C-reactive protein, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, serum amyloid-A, and haptoglobin. The elevated synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and acute-phase proteins (inflammatory network) characterizes the early (or pre-clinical) stages of T2DM and exhibits a graded increase with the disease progression. Current evidence suggests that understanding inflammatory networks can point to new biomarkers that may permit capturing the interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors in the pathogenesis of T2DM. Such biomarkers have a significant public health potential in the prediction of disease occurrence beyond risk factors presently monitored, such as family history, lifestyle assessment and standard clinical chemistry profiles. Furthermore, inflammatory markers may assist in the evaluation of novel strategies for prevention, particularly in relation to micronutrients. This review discusses the current knowledge linking T2DM risk to inflammatory signaling pathways interacting with the innate immunity system and the prospect of inflammatory markers serving as molecular targets for prevention and/or biomarkers for early risk prediction of T2DM. The potential of micronutrients replenishment to improve insulin action by attenuating inflammation is also evaluated in the context of the public health relevance of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Badawi
- Office for Biotechnology, Genomics and Population Health, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Correspondence: Alaa Badawi, Office for Biotechnology, Genomics and Population Health, Public Health Agency of Canada, 180 Queen Street West, 11th Floor, Toronto, ON M5V 3L7, Canada, Email
| | - Amira Klip
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pierre Haddad
- Natural Health Products and Metabolic Diseases Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Montreal Diabetes Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David EC Cole
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bibiana Garcia Bailo
- Office for Biotechnology, Genomics and Population Health, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ahmed El-Sohemy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mohamed Karmali
- Office for Biotechnology, Genomics and Population Health, Public Health Agency of Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada
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McCullough ML, Stevens VL, Diver WR, Feigelson HS, Rodriguez C, Bostick RM, Thun MJ, Calle EE. Vitamin D pathway gene polymorphisms, diet, and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer: a nested case-control study. Breast Cancer Res 2007; 9:R9. [PMID: 17244366 PMCID: PMC1851389 DOI: 10.1186/bcr1642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2006] [Revised: 12/12/2006] [Accepted: 01/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms have been inconsistently associated with breast cancer risk. Whether risk is influenced by polymorphisms in other vitamin D metabolism genes and whether calcium or vitamin D intake modifies risk by genotype have not been evaluated. Methods We conducted a nested case-control study within the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort of associations between breast cancer and four VDR single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), Bsm1,Apa1,Taq1, and Fok1, a poly(A) microsatellite, and associated haplotypes (baTL and BAtS). We also examined one SNP in the 24-hydroxylase gene (CYP24A1) and two in the vitamin D-binding protein (group-specific component [GC]) gene. Participants completed a questionnaire on diet and medical history at baseline in 1992. This study includes 500 postmenopausal breast cancer cases and 500 controls matched by age, race/ethnicity, and date of blood collection. Results Incident breast cancer was not associated with any genotype examined. However, women with the Bsm1 bb SNP who consumed greater than the median intake of total calcium (≥902 mg/day) had lower odds of breast cancer compared to women with the Bb or BB genotype and less than the median calcium intake (odds ratio 0.61, 95% confidence interval 0.38 to 0.96; pinteraction = 0.01). Similar interactions were observed for Taq1 (T allele) and the poly(A) (LL) repeat. Conclusion We found no overall association between selected vitamin D pathway genes and postmenopausal breast cancer risk. However, certain VDR gene polymorphisms were associated with lower risk in women consuming high levels of calcium, suggesting that dietary factors may modify associations by VDR genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie L McCullough
- Epidemiology and Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, 1599 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Victoria L Stevens
- Epidemiology and Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, 1599 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - William R Diver
- Epidemiology and Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, 1599 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Heather S Feigelson
- Epidemiology and Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, 1599 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Carmen Rodriguez
- Epidemiology and Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, 1599 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Robin M Bostick
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Michael J Thun
- Epidemiology and Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, 1599 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Eugenia E Calle
- Epidemiology and Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, 1599 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
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Kaput J, Dawson K. Complexity of type 2 diabetes mellitus data sets emerging from nutrigenomic research: a case for dimensionality reduction? Mutat Res 2007; 622:19-32. [PMID: 17559889 PMCID: PMC1994901 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2007.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2006] [Accepted: 02/13/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nutrigenomics promises personalized nutrition and an improvement in preventing, delaying, and reducing the symptoms of chronic diseases such as diabetes. Nutritional genomics is the study of how foods affect the expression of genetic information in an individual and how an individual's genetic makeup affects the metabolism and response to nutrients and other bioactive components in food. The path to those promises has significant challenges, from experimental designs that include analysis of genetic heterogeneity to the complexities of food and environmental factors. One of the more significant complications in developing the knowledge base and potential applications is how to analyze high-dimensional datasets of genetic, nutrient, metabolomic (clinical), and other variables influencing health and disease processes. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is used as an illustration of the challenges in studying complex phenotypes with nutrigenomics concepts and approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Kaput
- Center of Excellence in Nutritional Genomics, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Rao PV, Lu X, Standley M, Pattee P, Neelima G, Girisesh G, Dakshinamurthy KV, Roberts CT, Nagalla SR. Proteomic identification of urinary biomarkers of diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes Care 2007; 30:629-37. [PMID: 17327332 DOI: 10.2337/dc06-2056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic nephropathy is a serious complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and, unless arrested, leads to end-stage renal disease. Current diagnosis consists of urine assays of microalbuminuria, which have inadequate specificity and sensitivity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used proteomic analyses to identify novel biomarkers of nephropathy in urine from type 2 diabetic patients with demonstrated normo-, micro-, or macroalbuminuria. Samples were analyzed by fluorescence two-dimensional (2-D) differential in-gel electrophoresis (DIGE), and protein identification was performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS 2-D DIGE analysis of the urinary proteome in diabetes with nephropathy identified 195 protein spots representing 62 unique proteins. These proteins belonged to several functional groups, i.e., cell development, cell organization, defense response, metabolism, and signal transduction. Comparisons between control and diabetic subjects with different stages of renal dysfunction revealed the differential expression of several proteins. Spot volume quantification identified 7 proteins that were progressively upregulated with increasing albuminuria and 4 proteins that exhibited progressive downregulation. The majority of these potential candidate biomarkers were glycoproteins. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate the ability of proteomic analyses to reveal potential biomarkers for diabetic nephropathy in urine, an important step forward in advancing accurate diagnosis and our understanding of disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paturi V Rao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences University, Hyderabad, India
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