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Ivanovski F, Meško M, Lebar T, Rupnik M, Lainšček D, Gradišek M, Jerala R, Benčina M. Ultrasound-mediated spatial and temporal control of engineered cells in vivo. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7369. [PMID: 39191796 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51620-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Remote regulation of cells in deep tissue remains a significant challenge. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound offers promise for in vivo therapies due to its non-invasive nature and precise control. This study uses pulsed ultrasound to control calcium influx in mammalian cells and engineers a therapeutic cellular device responsive to acoustic stimulation in deep tissue without overexpressing calcium channels or gas vesicles. Pulsed ultrasound parameters are established to induce calcium influx in HEK293 cells. Additionally, cells are engineered to express a designed calcium-responsive transcription factor controlling the expression of a selected therapeutic gene, constituting a therapeutic cellular device. The engineered sonogenetic system's functionality is demonstrated in vivo in mice, where an implanted anti-inflammatory cytokine-producing cellular device effectively alleviates acute colitis, as shown by improved colonic morphology and histopathology. This approach provides a powerful tool for precise, localized control of engineered cells in deep tissue, showcasing its potential for targeted therapeutic delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Ivanovski
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Interfaculty Doctoral Study of Biomedicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Meško
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tina Lebar
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Rupnik
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Duško Lainšček
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Miha Gradišek
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Tržaška c. 25, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Roman Jerala
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- CTGCT, Centre of Technology of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Mojca Benčina
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- CTGCT, Centre of Technology of Gene and Cell Therapy, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- University of Ljubljana, Kongresni trg 12, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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2
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Jung JW, Park SY, Seo EJ, Jang IH, Park Y, Lee D, Kim D, Kim JM. Functional expression of oxytocin receptors in pulp-dentin complex. Biomaterials 2023; 293:121977. [PMID: 36580714 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dental pulp-derived stromal cells (DPSCs) are a crucial cell population for maintaining the tissue integrity of the pulp-dentin complex. The oxytocin receptor (OXTR), a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, plays versatile roles in diverse biological contexts. However, the role of OXTR in dental pulp has not yet been fully understood. Here, we demonstrate the biological functions and significance of OXTR in DPSCs through a multidisciplinary approach. Microarray data of 494 GPCR genes revealed high OXTR expression in human DPSCs (hDPSCs). Blocking OXTR activity increased the expression of osteogenic and odontogenic marker genes, promoting hDPSC differentiation. Additionally, we found that OXTR is involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling through the regulation of the gene expression related to ECM homeostasis. We further demonstrated that these genetic changes are mediated by trascriptional activity of Yes-associated protein (YAP). Based on the results, a preclinical experiment was performed using an animal model, demonstrating that the application of an OXTR inhibitor to damaged pulp induced significant hard tissue formation. These results provide new insight into the oxytocin-OXTR system in the regenerative process of pulp-dentin complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Won Jung
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jin Seo
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Ho Jang
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea; Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeji Park
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dasun Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyun Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Man Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Lao M, Zhang X, Yang H, Bai X, Liang T. RCAN1-mediated calcineurin inhibition as a target for cancer therapy. Mol Med 2022; 28:69. [PMID: 35717152 PMCID: PMC9206313 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1), as a patent endogenous inhibitor of calcineurin, plays crucial roles in the pathogenesis of cancers. Except for hypopharyngeal and laryngopharynx cancer, high expression of RCAN1 inhibits tumor progression. Molecular antitumor functions of RCAN1 are largely dependent on calcineurin. In this review, we highlight current research on RCAN1 characteristics, and the interaction between RCAN1 and calcineurin. Moreover, the dysregulation of RCAN1 in various cancers is reviewed, and the potential of targeting RCAN1 as a new therapeutic approach is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Lao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaozhen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hanshen Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xueli Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Innovation Center for the Study of Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for the Study of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. .,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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4
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Zirak MR, Rahimian R, Mousavizadeh K, Dehpour AR. Mechanisms underlie the proconvulsant effects of sildenafil. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 134:111142. [PMID: 33360157 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Zirak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Rahimian
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Kazem Mousavizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center and Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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5
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Rahimian R, Khoshneviszadeh M, Bahremand T, Zirak MR, Dehpour AR, Mousavizadeh K. Oxytocinergic system mediates the proconvulsant effects of sildenafil: The role of calcineurin. Horm Behav 2020; 122:104753. [PMID: 32302594 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2020.104753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor used to treat male erectile dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension. A potential side effect of sildenafil is a noticeable decrease in seizure threshold. Oxytocin (OXT) secretion and the subsequent cAMP-responsive element-binding (CREB) phosphorylation are involved in proconvulsant effects of sildenafil in experimental models. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential role of OXT receptors and their downstream calcineurin (CN)/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathways in proconvulsant effects of sildenafil. The pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure was used as a standard convulsion model in this study. Cortical CN activity, hippocampal nitrite levels, and proinflammatory cytokine content were measured. Our results indicated that following PTZ administration, sildenafil significantly increased CN activity at 40 mg/kg, respectively, in the control group. The combination of sildenafil and OXT receptor antagonist, atosiban (10 μg/kg, i.c.v) 30 min before sildenafil administration significantly reduced the CN activity. Also, the subeffective dose of CN inhibitor cyclosporine (5 mg/kg) 30 min before the administration of effective dose of sildenafil (40 mg/kg) reversed proconvulsant actions of sildenafil. This effect was iNOS-dependent because pretreatment of a low dose of aminoguanidine (20 mg/kg) 15 min before the administration of a low dose of cyclosporine (1 mg/kg) reversed the proconvulsant action of sildenafil (40 mg/kg). Finally, sildenafil induced the elevation of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and the nitrite level was blocked by the administration of cyclosporine in PTZ-treated mice. Collectively, our data provide insights into the role of OXT receptor/CN/iNOS pathway in the proconvulsant aspect of sildenafil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Rahimian
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mahsima Khoshneviszadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taraneh Bahremand
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zirak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kazem Mousavizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center and Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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6
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Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2A (MEF2A) Defines Oxytocin-Induced Morphological Effects and Regulates Mitochondrial Function in Neurons. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062200. [PMID: 32209973 PMCID: PMC7139413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) is a well-described modulator of socio-emotional traits, such as anxiety, stress, social behavior, and pair bonding. However, when dysregulated, it is associated with adverse psychiatric traits, such as various aspects of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this study, we identify the transcription factor myocyte enhancer factor 2A (MEF2A) as the common link between OT and cellular changes symptomatic for ASD, encompassing neuronal morphology, connectivity, and mitochondrial function. We provide evidence for MEF2A as the decisive factor defining the cellular response to OT: while OT induces neurite retraction in MEF2A expressing neurons, OT causes neurite outgrowth in absence of MEF2A. A CRISPR-Cas-mediated knockout of MEF2A and retransfection of an active version or permanently inactive mutant, respectively, validated our findings. We also identified the phosphatase calcineurin as the main upstream regulator of OT-induced MEF2A signaling. Further, MEF2A signaling dampens mitochondrial functioning in neurons, as MEF2A knockout cells show increased maximal cellular respiration, spare respiratory capacity, and total cellular ATP. In summary, we reveal a central role for OT-induced MEF2A activity as major regulator of cellular morphology as well as neuronal connectivity and mitochondrial functioning, with broad implications for a potential treatment of disorders based on morphological alterations or mitochondrial dysfunction.
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7
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The Regulation of Uterine Function During Parturition: an Update and Recent Advances. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:3-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00001-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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8
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Analysis of hepatic and retinal cell microRNAome during AAV infection reveals their diverse impact on viral transduction and cellular physiology. Gene 2020; 724:144157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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9
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Wu SP, Anderson ML, Wang T, Zhou L, Emery OM, Li X, DeMayo FJ. Dynamic transcriptome, accessible genome, and PGR cistrome profiles in the human myometrium. FASEB J 2019; 34:2252-2268. [PMID: 31908010 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902654r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The myometrium undergoes structural and functional remodeling during pregnancy. We hypothesize that myometrial genomic elements alter correspondingly in preparation for parturition. Human myometrial tissues from nonpregnant (NP) and term pregnant (TP) human subjects were examined by RNAseq, ATACseq, and PGR ChIPseq assays to profile transcriptome, assessible genome, and PGR occupancy. NP and TP specimens exhibit 2890 differentially expressed genes, reflecting an increase of metabolic, inflammatory, and PDGF signaling, among others, in adaptation to pregnancy. At the epigenome level, patterns of accessible genome change between NP and TP myometrium, leading to the altered enrichment of binding motifs for hormone and muscle regulators such as the progesterone receptor (PGR), Krüppel-like factors, and MEF2A transcription factors. PGR genome occupancy exhibits a significant difference between the two stages of the myometrium, concomitant with distinct transcriptomic profiles including genes such as ENO1, LHDA, and PLCL1 in the glycolytic and calcium signaling pathways. Over-representation of SRF, MYOD, and STAT binding motifs in PGR occupying sites further suggests interactions between PGR and major muscle regulators for myometrial gene expression. In conclusion, changes in accessible genome and PGR occupancy are part of the myometrial remodeling process and may serve as mechanisms to formulate the state-specific transcriptome profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- San-Pin Wu
- Reproductive & Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Matthew L Anderson
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine and Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Tianyuan Wang
- Integrative Bioinformatics Support Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Lecong Zhou
- Integrative Bioinformatics Support Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Olivia M Emery
- Reproductive & Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Xilong Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Francesco J DeMayo
- Reproductive & Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC
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10
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Lim R, Lappas M. Expression and function of macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) in inflammation driven parturition in fetal membranes and myometrium. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 197:95-110. [PMID: 30793298 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The pivotal role of inflammatory processes in human parturition is well known, but not completely understood. We have performed a study to examine the role of macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle) in inflammation-associated parturition. Using human samples, we show that spontaneous labour is associated with up-regulated Mincle expression in the myometrium and fetal membranes. Mincle expression was also increased in fetal membranes and myometrium in the presence of pro-labour mediators, the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1B and tumour necrosis factor (TNF), and Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands fsl-1, poly(I:C), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and flagellin. These clinical studies are supported by mouse studies, where an inflammatory challenge in a mouse model of preterm birth increased Mincle expression in the uterus. Importantly, elimination of Mincle decreased the effectiveness of proinflammatory cytokines and TLR ligands to induce the expression of pro-labour mediators; namely, proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, contraction-associated proteins and prostaglandins, and extracellular matrix remodelling enzymes, matrix metalloproteinases. The data presented in this study suggest that Mincle is required when inflammatory activation precipitates parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lim
- Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Lappas
- Obstetrics, Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Britten JL, Malik M, Lewis TD, Catherino WH. Ulipristal Acetate Mediates Decreased Proteoglycan Expression Through Regulation of Nuclear Factor of Activated T-Cells (NFAT5). Reprod Sci 2018; 26:184-197. [PMID: 30567472 DOI: 10.1177/1933719118816836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT5) is a tissue specific, osmoadaptive transcription factor essential for the control of hydration homeostasis in mammalian cells. Nuclear factor of activated T-cells regulates osmolyte transporters aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1 (AKR1B1) and solute carrier family 5 member 3 (SLC5A3) to maintain fluid equilibrium in cells. The osmotic potential of the extracellular matrix of leiomyomas is attributed to the role of proteoglycans. In leiomyoma cells, NFAT5 is overexpressed compared to myometrial cells. The selective progesterone receptor modulator, ulipristal acetate, has been reported to decrease the size of leiomyomas in clinical trials. When treated with ulipristal acetate, both patient leiomyoma tissue and leiomyoma cells grown in 3-dimensional cultures show a decrease in the expression of NFAT5 protein, solute transporters AKR1B1 and SLC5A3, and results in an associated decline in the expression of proteoglycans, versican, aggrecan, and brevican. In summary, ulipristal acetate induces changes in leiomyoma cell osmoregulation which result in a decrease in proteoglycan expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy L Britten
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Minnie Malik
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Terrence D Lewis
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.,2 Program in Reproductive Endocrinology and Gynecology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William H Catherino
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.,2 Program in Reproductive Endocrinology and Gynecology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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12
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Jurek B, Neumann ID. The Oxytocin Receptor: From Intracellular Signaling to Behavior. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1805-1908. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00031.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 408] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The many facets of the oxytocin (OXT) system of the brain and periphery elicited nearly 25,000 publications since 1930 (see FIGURE 1 , as listed in PubMed), which revealed central roles for OXT and its receptor (OXTR) in reproduction, and social and emotional behaviors in animal and human studies focusing on mental and physical health and disease. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of OXT expression and release, expression and binding of the OXTR in brain and periphery, OXTR-coupled signaling cascades, and their involvement in behavioral outcomes to assemble a comprehensive picture of the central and peripheral OXT system. Traditionally known for its role in milk let-down and uterine contraction during labor, OXT also has implications in physiological, and also behavioral, aspects of reproduction, such as sexual and maternal behaviors and pair bonding, but also anxiety, trust, sociability, food intake, or even drug abuse. The many facets of OXT are, on a molecular basis, brought about by a single receptor. The OXTR, a 7-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor capable of binding to either Gαior Gαqproteins, activates a set of signaling cascades, such as the MAPK, PKC, PLC, or CaMK pathways, which converge on transcription factors like CREB or MEF-2. The cellular response to OXT includes regulation of neurite outgrowth, cellular viability, and increased survival. OXTergic projections in the brain represent anxiety and stress-regulating circuits connecting the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, or the medial prefrontal cortex. Which OXT-induced patterns finally alter the behavior of an animal or a human being is still poorly understood, and studying those OXTR-coupled signaling cascades is one initial step toward a better understanding of the molecular background of those behavioral effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Jurek
- Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Zoology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Inga D. Neumann
- Department of Behavioural and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Zoology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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13
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Krause S, Boeck C, Gumpp AM, Rottler E, Schury K, Karabatsiakis A, Buchheim A, Gündel H, Kolassa IT, Waller C. Child Maltreatment Is Associated with a Reduction of the Oxytocin Receptor in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. Front Psychol 2018. [PMID: 29535656 PMCID: PMC5835067 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Child maltreatment (CM) and attachment experiences are closely linked to alterations in the human oxytocin (OXT) system. However, human data about oxytocin receptor (OXTR) protein levels are lacking. Therefore, we investigated oxytocin receptor (OXTR) protein levels in circulating immune cells and related them to circulating levels of OXT in peripheral blood. We hypothesized reduced OXTR protein levels, associated with both, experiences of CM and an insecure attachment representation. Methods: OXTR protein expressions were analyzed by western blot analyses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and plasma OXT levels were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in 49 mothers. We used the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) to assess adverse childhood experiences. Attachment representations (secure vs. insecure) were classified using the Adult Attachment Projective Picture System (AAP) and levels of anxiety and depression were assessed with the German version of the Hospital Depression and Anxiety scale (HADS-D). Results: CM-affected women showed significantly lower OXTR protein expression with significantly negative correlations between the OXTR protein expression and the CTQ sum score, whereas plasma OXT levels showed no significant differences in association with CM. Lower OXTR protein expression in PBMC were particularly pronounced in the group of insecurely attached mothers compared to the securely attached group. Anxiety levels were significantly higher in CM-affected women. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a significant association between CM and an alteration of OXTR protein expression in human blood cells as a sign for chronic, long-lasting alterations in this attachment-related neurobiological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Krause
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christina Boeck
- Department of Clinical and Biological Psychology, Ulm University, Germany
| | - Anja M Gumpp
- Department of Clinical and Biological Psychology, Ulm University, Germany
| | - Edit Rottler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Katharina Schury
- Department of Clinical and Biological Psychology, Ulm University, Germany
| | | | - Anna Buchheim
- Institute of Psychology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Harald Gündel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Christiane Waller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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14
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Ilicic M, Butler T, Zakar T, Paul JW. The expression of genes involved in myometrial contractility changes during ex situ culture of pregnant human uterine smooth muscle tissue. J Smooth Muscle Res 2018; 53:73-89. [PMID: 28652518 PMCID: PMC5487834 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.53.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Ex situ analyses of human myometrial tissue has been used to
investigate the regulation of uterine quiescence and transition to a contractile
phenotype. Following concerns about the validity of cultured primary cells, we examined
whether myometrial tissue undergoes culture-induced changes ex situ that
may affect the validity of in vitro models. Objectives: To determine
whether human myometrial tissue undergoes culture-induced changes ex situ
in Estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2
(PTGS2) and Oxytocin receptor (OXTR) expression.
Additionally, to determine whether culture conditions approaching the in
vivo environment influence the expression of these key genes. Methods: Term
non-laboring human myometrial tissues were cultured in the presence of specific
treatments, including; serum supplementation, progesterone and estrogen, cAMP, PMA,
stretch or NF-κB inhibitors. ESR1, PTGS2 and
OXTR mRNA abundance after 48 h culture was determined using
quantitative RT-PCR. Results: Myometrial tissue in culture exhibited culture-induced
up-regulation of ESR1 and PTGS2 and down-regulation of
OXTR mRNA expression. Progesterone prevented culture-induced increase
in ESR1 expression. Estrogen further up-regulated PTGS2
expression. Stretch had no direct effect, but blocked the effects of progesterone and
estrogen on ESR1 and PTGS2 expression. cAMP had no
effect whereas PMA further up-regulated PTGS2 expression and prevented
decline of OXTR expression. Conclusion: Human myometrial tissue in
culture undergoes culture-induced gene expression changes consistent with transition
toward a laboring phenotype. Changes in ESR1, PTGS2 and
OXTR expression could not be controlled simultaneously. Until optimal
culture conditions are determined, results of in vitro experiments with
myometrial tissues should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Ilicic
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Trent Butler
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Tamas Zakar
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.,John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Jonathan W Paul
- School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
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15
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Oxytocin is involved in the proconvulsant effects of Sildenafil: Possible role of CREB. Toxicol Lett 2016; 256:44-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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16
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Hudson CA, McArdle CA, López Bernal A. Steroid receptor co-activator interacting protein (SIP) mediates EGF-stimulated expression of the prostaglandin synthase COX2 and prostaglandin release in human myometrium. Mol Hum Reprod 2016; 22:512-25. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaw031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Kim SH, MacIntyre DA, Hanyaloglu AC, Blanks AM, Thornton S, Bennett PR, Terzidou V. The oxytocin receptor antagonist, Atosiban, activates pro-inflammatory pathways in human amnion via G(αi) signalling. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 420:11-23. [PMID: 26586210 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin (OT) plays an important role in the onset of human labour by stimulating uterine contractions and promoting prostaglandin/inflammatory cytokine synthesis in amnion via oxytocin receptor (OTR) coupling. The OTR-antagonist, Atosiban, is widely used as a tocolytic for the management of acute preterm labour. We found that in primary human amniocytes, Atosiban (10 μM) signals via PTX-sensitive Gαi to activate transcription factor NF-κB p65, ERK1/2, and p38 which subsequently drives upregulation of the prostaglandin synthesis enzymes, COX-2 and phospho-cPLA2 and excretion of prostaglandins (PGE2) (n = 6; p < 0.05, ANOVA). Moreover, Atosiban treatment increased expression and excretion of the inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and CCL5. We also showed that OT-simulated activation of NF-κB, ERK1/2, and p38 and subsequent prostaglandin and inflammatory cytokine synthesis is via Gαi-2 and Gαi-3 but not Gαq, and is not inhibited by Atosiban. Activation or exacerbation of inflammation is not a desirable effect of tocolytics. Therefore therapeutic modulation of the OT/OTR system for clinical management of term/preterm labour should consider the effects of differential G-protein coupling of the OTR and the role of OT or selective OTR agonists/antagonists in activating proinflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hye Kim
- Imperial College London, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Dept. Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - David A MacIntyre
- Imperial College London, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Dept. Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Aylin C Hanyaloglu
- Imperial College London, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Dept. Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Andrew M Blanks
- University of Warwick, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, UHCW, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Steven Thornton
- The University of Exeter Medical School, Main Medical School Building, St Luke's Campus, Magdalen Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - Phillip R Bennett
- Imperial College London, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Dept. Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Vasso Terzidou
- Imperial College London, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Dept. Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, UK; Academic Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK.
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18
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Chandran S, Cairns MT, O'Brien M, O'Connell E, Mashayekhi K, Smith TJ. Effects of combined progesterone and 17β-estradiol treatment on the transcriptome of cultured human myometrial smooth muscle cells. Physiol Genomics 2015; 48:50-61. [PMID: 26534934 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00021.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A transcriptomic analysis of cultured human uterine smooth muscle cells (hUtSMCs) was performed to examine gene expression profiles in smooth muscle in an environment containing the two major steroid hormones that regulate the human myometrium in physiological states associated with estrous, pregnancy, labor, and pathophysiological states such as leiomyoma and endometrial cancer. hUtSMCs were treated with progesterone (P4) and 17β-estradiol (E2) individually and in combination, in the presence and absence of RU486 (mifepristone). Transcription of many genes was modulated in the presence of P4 or E2 alone, but almost six times more genes were transcriptionally modulated in the presence of the P4/E2 hormone combination. In total 796 annotated genes were significantly differentially expressed in the presence of both P4 and E2 relative to their expression in untreated cells. Functional withdrawal of P4 by addition of RU486 effectively reversed almost all transcriptional changes caused by P4/E2 treatment. Gene ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed a strong association between P4/E2 treatment and downregulated expression of genes involved in cell communication, signal transduction, channel activity, inflammatory response, and differentiation. Upregulated processes included cell survival, gene transcription, steroid hormone biosynthesis, muscle development, insulin receptor signaling, and cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreenath Chandran
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Michael T Cairns
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Margaret O'Brien
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Enda O'Connell
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Kaveh Mashayekhi
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Terry J Smith
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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19
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Oxytocin-secreting system: A major part of the neuroendocrine center regulating immunologic activity. J Neuroimmunol 2015; 289:152-61. [PMID: 26616885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between the nervous system and immune system have been studied extensively. However, the mechanisms underlying the neural regulation of immune activity, particularly the neuroendocrine regulation of immunologic functions, remain elusive. In this review, we provide a comprehensive examination of current evidence on interactions between the immune system and hypothalamic oxytocin-secreting system. We highlight the fact that oxytocin may have significant effects in the body, beyond its classical functions in lactation and parturition. Similar to the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, the oxytocin-secreting system closely interacts with classical immune system, integrating both neurochemical and immunologic signals in the central nervous system and in turn affects immunologic defense, homeostasis, and surveillance. Lastly, this review explores therapeutic potentials of oxytocin in treating immunologic disorders.
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20
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Prolonged Subcutaneous Administration of Oxytocin Accelerates Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension and Renal Damage in Male Rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138048. [PMID: 26393919 PMCID: PMC4579129 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin and its receptor are synthesised in the heart and blood vessels but effects of chronic activation of this peripheral oxytocinergic system on cardiovascular function are not known. In acute studies, systemic administration of low dose oxytocin exerted a protective, preconditioning effect in experimental models of myocardial ischemia and infarction. In this study, we investigated the effects of chronic administration of low dose oxytocin following angiotensin II-induced hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and renal damage. Angiotensin II (40 μg/Kg/h) only, oxytocin only (20 or 100 ng/Kg/h), or angiotensin II combined with oxytocin (20 or 100 ng/Kg/h) were infused subcutaneously in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats for 28 days. At day 7, oxytocin or angiotensin-II only did not change hemodynamic parameters, but animals that received a combination of oxytocin and angiotensin-II had significantly elevated systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure compared to controls (P < 0.01). Hemodynamic changes were accompanied by significant left ventricular cardiac hypertrophy and renal damage at day 28 in animals treated with angiotensin II (P < 0.05) or both oxytocin and angiotensin II, compared to controls (P < 0.01). Prolonged oxytocin administration did not affect plasma concentrations of renin and atrial natriuretic peptide, but was associated with the activation of calcium-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin, a canonical signalling mechanism in pressure overload-induced cardiovascular disease. These data demonstrate that oxytocin accelerated angiotensin-II induced hypertension and end-organ renal damage, suggesting caution should be exercised in the chronic use of oxytocin in individuals with hypertension.
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21
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Chin-Smith EC, Willey FR, Slater DM, Taggart MJ, Tribe RM. Nuclear factor of activated T-cell isoform expression and regulation in human myometrium. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015; 13:83. [PMID: 26238508 PMCID: PMC4523953 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-015-0086-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During pregnancy, myometrial gene and protein expression is tightly regulated to accommodate fetal growth, promote quiescence and ultimately prepare for the onset of labour. It is proposed that changes in calcium signalling, may contribute to regulating gene expression and that nuclear factor of activated T-cell (NFAT) transcription factors (isoforms c1-c4) may be involved. Currently, there is little information regarding NFAT expression and regulation in myometrium. METHODS This study examined NFAT isoform mRNA expression in human myometrial tissue and cells from pregnant women using quantitative PCR. The effects of the Ca(2+) ionophore A23187 and in vitro stretch (25 % elongation, static strain; Flexercell FX-4000 Tension System) on NFAT expression were determined in cultured human myometrial cells. RESULTS Human myometrial tissue and cultured cells expressed NFATc1-c4 mRNA. NFATc2 gene expression in cultured cells was increased in response to 6 h stretch (11.5 fold, P < 0.001, n = 6) and calcium ionophore (A23187, 5 μM) treatment (20.6 fold, P < 0.001, n = 6). This response to stretch was significantly reduced (90 %, P < 0.001, n = 10) in the presence of an intracellular calcium chelator, BAPTA-AM (20 μM). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that NFATc2 expression is regulated by intracellular calcium and in vitro stretch, and that the stretch response in human myometrial cells is dependent upon intracellular calcium signalling pathways. Our findings indicate a potentially unique role for NFATc2 in mediating stretch-induced gene expression per se and warrant further exploration in relation to the mechanisms promoting uterine smooth muscle growth in early pregnancy and/or labour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evonne C Chin-Smith
- Division of Women's Health, King's College London, Women's Health Academic Centre KHP, St Thomas' Hospital, 10th Floor, North Wing, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
| | - Frances R Willey
- Division of Women's Health, King's College London, Women's Health Academic Centre KHP, St Thomas' Hospital, 10th Floor, North Wing, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
| | - Donna M Slater
- Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute for Child and Maternal Health, University of Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4 N1, Canada.
| | - Michael J Taggart
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Rachel M Tribe
- Division of Women's Health, King's College London, Women's Health Academic Centre KHP, St Thomas' Hospital, 10th Floor, North Wing, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK.
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22
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Cook JR, MacIntyre DA, Samara E, Kim SH, Singh N, Johnson MR, Bennett PR, Terzidou V. Exogenous oxytocin modulates human myometrial microRNAs. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 213:65.e1-65.e9. [PMID: 25757635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a modulatory role in pathways that lead to labor onset, although oxytocin is known to modulate gene expression within the myometrium. We aimed to identify miRNAs whose expression is regulated by oxytocin in pregnant human myometrium. STUDY DESIGN Myometrial miRNA expression profiles were compared between samples collected from women at term before the onset of labor (no labor; n = 8) and after labor onset after early exogenous oxytocin treatment (n = 8). Multivariate modelling was used to assess differences in miRNA profiles. Biologic validation was undertaken on 3 independent patient cohorts (no labor, n = 10; labor induced with oxytocin, n = 8; and spontaneous labor with no oxytocin treatment, n = 10). In vitro studies that used primary myocytes were undertaken to assess target miRNA expression after oxytocin treatment. Target genes of candidate miRNAs were identified in silico and cross-referenced with genes that are known to be associated with labor or expressed in myometrium. RESULTS In total, 1309 miRNAs were analyzed by microarray, of which 494 were detected in human myometrium. Multivariate modeling identified 12 target miRNAs the differential expression of which was most responsible for the observed separation of the 2 patient populations in the primary discovery cohorts. Biologic validation in the independent secondary sample cohorts showed that oxytocin independently regulated 5 miRNAs (hsa-miR-146b-3p, hsa-miR-196b-3p, hsa-miR-223-3p, hsa-miR-873-5p, and hsa-miR-876-5p). Additionally, hsa-miR-146b-3p was increased both in labor that was induced with oxytocin and in myometrium from spontaneous labor with no oxytocin treatment compared with no labor samples. Four of the validated miRNAs (hsa-miR-146a-5p, hsa-miR-146b-3p, hsa-miR-196b-3p, and hsa-miR-876-5p) were expressed in primary human myocytes; oxytocin treatment of these cells replicated the directional changes that were observed in vivo. CONCLUSION Oxytocin alters the expression of a unique set of myometrial miRNAs. These results suggest a further role for oxytocin as a signaling molecule that is involved in the regulation of gene expression during parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna R Cook
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Division of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, England, UK
| | - David A MacIntyre
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Division of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, England, UK
| | - Eleni Samara
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Division of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, England, UK
| | - Sung Hye Kim
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Division of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, England, UK
| | - Natasha Singh
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Division of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, England, UK; Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, England, UK
| | - Mark R Johnson
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Division of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, England, UK; Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, England, UK
| | - Phillip R Bennett
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Division of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, England, UK
| | - Vasso Terzidou
- Imperial College Parturition Research Group, Division of the Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, England, UK; Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, England, UK.
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23
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Beesley S, Lee J, Olcese J. Circadian clock regulation of melatonin MTNR1B receptor expression in human myometrial smooth muscle cells. Mol Hum Reprod 2015; 21:662-71. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gav023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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24
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Xu C, Liu W, You X, Leimert K, Popowycz K, Fang X, Wood SL, Slater DM, Sun Q, Gu H, Olson DM, Ni X. PGF2α modulates the output of chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines in myometrial cells from term pregnant women through divergent signaling pathways. Mol Hum Reprod 2015; 21:603-14. [PMID: 25882540 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gav018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) plays a critical role in the initiation and process of parturition. Since human labor has been described as an inflammatory event, we investigated the role of PGF2α in the inflammatory process using cultured human uterine smooth muscle cells (HUSMCs) isolated from term pregnant women as a model. Using a multiplex assay, HUSMCs treated with PGF2α changed their output of a number of cytokines and chemokines, with a distinct response pattern that differed between HUSMCs isolated from the upper and lower segment region of the uterus. Confirmatory enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) showed that PGF2α stimulated increased output of interleukin (IL) 1β, IL6, IL8 (CXCL8) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP1, also known as chemokine (c-c motif) ligand 2, CCL2) by HUSMCs isolated from both upper and lower uterine segments. In contrast, PGF2α inhibited tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) release by HUMSCs from the lower uterine segment while the output of TNFα was undetectable in the upper segment. Small interfering (si) RNA mediated knockdown of the PGF2α receptor prevented the changes in cytokine and chemokine output by the HUSMCs. Since the PGF2α receptor (PTGFR) couples via the Gq protein and subsequently activates the phospholipase C (PLC) and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathways, we examined the role of these pathways in PGF2α modulation of the cytokines. Inhibition of PLC and PKC reversed the effects of PGF2α. PGF2α activated multiple signaling pathways including extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K), P38, calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) and NF-κB signaling. Inhibition of ERK reversed PGF2α-induced IL1β, IL6 and CCL2 output, while inhibition of PI3K blocked the effect of PGF2α on IL6, CXCL8 and CCL2 output and inhibition of NF-κB reversed PGF2α-induced IL1β and CCL2 output. NFAT was involved in PGF2α modulation of CCL2 and TNFα output. In conclusion, our results support a role of PGF2α in creating an inflammatory environment during the late stage of human pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China Departments of Physiology, Obstetrics & Gynecology, and Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G2S2, Canada
| | - Weina Liu
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xingji You
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Kelycia Leimert
- Departments of Physiology, Obstetrics & Gynecology, and Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G2S2, Canada
| | - Krystyn Popowycz
- Departments of Physiology, Obstetrics & Gynecology, and Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G2S2, Canada
| | - Xin Fang
- Departments of Physiology, Obstetrics & Gynecology, and Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G2S2, Canada
| | - Stephen L Wood
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N1N4, Canada
| | - Donna M Slater
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N1N4, Canada Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary T2N1N4, Canada
| | - Qianqian Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hang Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - David M Olson
- Departments of Physiology, Obstetrics & Gynecology, and Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G2S2, Canada
| | - Xin Ni
- Department of Physiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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25
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Kim SH, MacIntyre DA, Firmino Da Silva M, Blanks AM, Lee YS, Thornton S, Bennett PR, Terzidou V. Oxytocin activates NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathways in human gestational tissues. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 403:64-77. [PMID: 25451977 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human labour, both at term and preterm, is preceded by NF-κB-mediated inflammatory activation within the uterus, leading to myometrial activation, fetal membrane remodelling and cervical ripening. The stimuli triggering inflammatory activation in normal human parturition are not fully understood. We show that the neurohypophyseal peptide, oxytocin (OT), activates NF-κB and stimulates downstream inflammatory pathways in human gestational tissues. OT stimulation (1 pM-100 nM) specifically via its receptor (OTR) in human myometrial and amnion primary cells led to MAPK and NF-κB activation within 15 min and maximal p65-subunit nuclear translocation within 30 min. Both in human myometrium and amnion, OT-induced activation of the canonical NF-κB pathway upregulated key inflammatory labour-associated genes including IL-8, CCL5, IL-6 and COX-2. IKKβ inhibition (TPCA1; 10 µM) suppressed OT-induced NF-κB-p65 phosphorylation, whereas p65-siRNA knockdown reduced basal and OT-induced COX-2 levels in myometrium and amnion. In both gestational tissues, MEK1/2 (U0126; 10 µM) or p38 inhibition (SB203580; 10 µM) suppressed OT-induced COX-2 expression, but OT-induced p65-phosphorylation was only inhibited in amnion, suggesting OT activation of NF-κB in amnion is MAPK-dependent. Our data provide new insight into the OT/OTR system in human parturition and suggest that its therapeutic modulation could be a strategy for regulating both contractile and inflammatory pathways in the clinical context of term/preterm labour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hye Kim
- Imperial College London, Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - David A MacIntyre
- Imperial College London, Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Firmino Da Silva
- Imperial College London, Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M Blanks
- University of Warwick, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, UHCW, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, United Kingdom
| | - Yun S Lee
- Imperial College London, Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Thornton
- University of Exeter Medical School, Barrack Road, Exeter EX2 5DW, United Kingdom
| | - Phillip R Bennett
- Imperial College London, Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Vasso Terzidou
- Imperial College London, Parturition Research Group, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, East Acton, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom; Academic Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369 Fulham Road, London SW10 9NH, United Kingdom.
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Xu C, You X, Liu W, Sun Q, Ding X, Huang Y, Ni X. Prostaglandin F2α regulates the expression of uterine activation proteins via multiple signalling pathways. Reproduction 2015; 149:139-46. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2A) has multiple roles in the birth process in addition to its vital contractile role. Our previous study has demonstrated that PGF2A can modulate uterine activation proteins (UAPs) in cultured pregnant human myometrial smooth muscle cells (HMSMCs). The objective of this study was to define the signalling pathways responsible for PGF2A modulation of UAPs in myometrium. It was found that PGF2A stimulated the expression of (GJA1) connexin 43 (CX43), prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) and oxytocin receptor (OTR) in cultured HMSMCs. The inhibitors of phospholipase C (PLC) and protein kinase C (PKC) blocked PGF2A-stimulated expression of CX43. The inhibitors of ERK, P38 and NFκB also blocked the effect of PGF2A on CX43 expression, whereas PI3K and calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) pathway inhibitors did not reverse the effect of PGF2A on CX43. For PTGS2 and OTR, PLC, PI3K, P38 and calcineurin/NFAT signalling pathways were involved in PGF2A action, whereas PKC and NFκB signalling were not involved. In addition, PGF2A activated NFAT, PI3K, NFκB, ERK and P38 signalling pathways. Our data suggest that PGF2A stimulates CX43, PTGS2 and OTR through divergent signalling pathways.
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Alzamil HA, Pawade J, Fortier MA, Bernal AL. Expression of the prostaglandin F synthase AKR1B1 and the prostaglandin transporter SLCO2A1 in human fetal membranes in relation to spontaneous term and preterm labor. Front Physiol 2014; 5:272. [PMID: 25126080 PMCID: PMC4115629 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human labor is a complex series of cellular and molecular events that occur at the materno-fetal and uterine levels. Many hypotheses have been proposed for the initiation of human labor, one hypothesis suggests that maturation of the fetus releases a signal in the amniotic fluid that will be transmitted to myometrium via the fetal membranes and initiate uterine contractions. There is strong evidence that prostaglandins (PGs) play a central role in initiation and progression of human labor. OBJECTIVES In this study we intended to investigate the expression of prostaglandin F synthase and the prostaglandin transporter in the human fetal membranes and to explore the relationship between cytokines and PGs in the mechanism of human labor. METHODS We used fetal membranes obtained before labor at term and after spontaneous labor at term or preterm to identify the changes in prostaglandin F synthase (AKR1B1) and human prostaglandin transporter (SLCO2A1) proteins in relation to parturition. Using fetal membranes explants we tested the effect of cytokines (interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha) on PG production and the concomitant changes in cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2), AKR1B1 and SLCO2A1 expression. RESULTS Expression of PTGS2 and AKR1B1 was upregulated in the fetal membranes in association with term labor while SLCO2A1 was downregulated with advancing gestation and during term labor. Before labor, IL-1 increased the expression of PTGS2, however during labor TNF upregulated PTGS2 and AKR1B1 proteins. CONCLUSIONS The prostaglandin F synthase AKR1B1 is upregulated while prostaglandin transporter is downregulated during term labor. The amnion is more responsive than choriodecidua to stimulation with pro-inflammatory cytokines. The mechanisms of term and preterm labor are different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana A Alzamil
- Department of Physiology, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joya Pawade
- Pathology, University Hospitals Bristol Haemato-Oncology Diagnostic Service, Bristol Royal Infirmary Bristol, UK
| | - Michel A Fortier
- Axe Reproduction, Santé Périnatale et Pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Université Laval QC, Canada
| | - A López Bernal
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol Bristol, UK
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Phillips RJ, Fortier MA, López Bernal A. Prostaglandin pathway gene expression in human placenta, amnion and choriodecidua is differentially affected by preterm and term labour and by uterine inflammation. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2014; 14:241. [PMID: 25048443 PMCID: PMC4223419 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2393-14-241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Elucidation of the biochemical pathways involved in activation of preterm and term human labour would facilitate the development of effective management and inform judgements regarding the necessity for preterm tocolysis and post-term induction. Prostaglandins act at all stages of human reproduction, and are potentially activators of labour. Methods Expression of 15 genes involved in prostaglandin synthesis, transport and degradation was measured by qPCR using tissue samples from human placenta, amnion and choriodecidua at preterm and full-term vaginal and caesarean delivery. Cellular localisation of eight prostaglandin pathway proteins was determined by immunohistochemistry. Results Expression of prostaglandin pathway genes was differentially affected by factors including gestational age at delivery, and the incidence and duration of labour. Chorioamnionitis/deciduitis was associated with upregulation of PTGS2 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase)), along with the inflammatory genes IL8 (interleukin 8), S100A8 (S100 calcium binding protein A8) and TLR2 (toll-like receptor 2), in amnion and choriodecidua, and with downregulation of CBR1 (carbonyl reductase 1) and HPGD (hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase 15-(NAD)) in choriodecidua. Protein localisation differed greatly between the various maternal and fetal cell types. Conclusions Preterm and term labour are associated with distinct prostaglandin pathway expression profiles; inflammation provokes specific changes, unrelated to the presence of labour; spontaneous and induced term labour are indistinguishable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrés López Bernal
- Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK.
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Wouters E, Hudson CA, McArdle CA, Bernal AL. Central role for protein kinase C in oxytocin and epidermal growth factor stimulated cyclooxygenase 2 expression in human myometrial cells. BMC Res Notes 2014; 7:357. [PMID: 24916153 PMCID: PMC4057899 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostaglandins are important mediators of uterine contractility and cervical ripening during labour. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), also known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2, is a rate limiting enzyme involved in the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins at parturition. In this paper, the pathways underlying agonist-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human myometrial cells were studied. RESULTS Myometrial cells were stimulated with different agonists: oxytocin (OXT), epidermal growth factor (EGF), interleukin-1β (IL1β), and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) alone and in the presence of specific signalling pathway inhibitors. The nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFKB) pathway was inhibited by means of the IKK-2 inhibitor TPCA-1. Signalling through extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) was inhibited using the MEK1/2 inhibitor PD-184352. Bisindolylmaleimide-I was used to inhibit protein kinase C (PKC) signalling. COX-2 expression and ERK phosphorylation were measured using immunoblotting.OXT induced COX-2 expression by activating PKC and ERK. EGF increased COX-2 expression via stimulation of PKC, ERK and NFKB. As expected, the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL1β induced COX-2 expression by activating PKC- and NFKB-dependent pathways. Stimulation of PKC directly with PMA provoked strong COX-2 expression. CONCLUSIONS PKC plays a central role in OXT and EGF induced COX-2 expression in human myometrial cells. However, other pathways, notably ERK and NFKB are also involved to an extent which depends on the type of agonist used.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrés López Bernal
- University of Bristol, School of Clinical Sciences (Obstetrics and Gynaecology), Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Whitson Street, Bristol BS1 3NY, UK.
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Arrowsmith S, Wray S. Oxytocin: its mechanism of action and receptor signalling in the myometrium. J Neuroendocrinol 2014; 26:356-69. [PMID: 24888645 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin is a nonapeptide hormone that has a central role in the regulation of parturition and lactation. In this review, we address oxytocin receptor (OTR) signalling and its role in the myometrium during pregnancy and in labour. The OTR belongs to the rhodopsin-type (Class 1) of the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily and is regulated by changes in receptor expression, receptor desensitisation and local changes in oxytocin concentration. Receptor activation triggers a number of signalling events to stimulate contraction, primarily by elevating intracellular calcium (Ca(2+) ). This includes inositol-tris-phosphate-mediated store calcium release, store-operated Ca(2+) entry and voltage-operated Ca(2+) entry. We discuss each mechanism in turn and also discuss Ca(2+) -independent mechanisms such as Ca(2+) sensitisation. Because oxytocin induces contraction in the myometrium, both the activation and the inhibition of its receptor have long been targets in the management of dysfunctional and preterm labours, respectively. We discuss current and novel OTR agonists and antagonists and their use and potential benefit in obstetric practice. In this regard, we highlight three clinical scenarios: dysfunctional labour, postpartum haemorrhage and preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Arrowsmith
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Menaouar A, Florian M, Wang D, Danalache B, Jankowski M, Gutkowska J. Anti-hypertrophic effects of oxytocin in rat ventricular myocytes. Int J Cardiol 2014; 175:38-49. [PMID: 24852833 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.04.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxytocin (OT) and functional OT receptor (OTR) are expressed in the heart and are involved in blood pressure regulation and cardioprotection. Cardiac OTR signaling is associated with atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and nitric oxide (NO) release. During the synthesis of OT, its precursor, termed OT-Gly-Lys-Arg (OT-GKR), is accumulated in the developing rat heart. Consequently, we hypothesized that an OT-related mechanism of ANP controls cardiomyocyte (CM) hypertrophy. METHODS The experiments were carried out in newborn and adult rat CM cultures. The enhanced protein synthesis and increased CM volume were mediated by a 24-h treatment with endothelin-1 or angiotensin II. RESULTS The treatment of CM with OT or its abundant cardiac precursor, OT-GKR, revealed ANP accumulation in the cell peri-nuclear region and increased intracellular cGMP. Consequently, the CM hypertrophy was abolished by the treatment of 10nM OT or 10nM OT-GKR. The ANP receptor antagonist (anantin) and NO synthases inhibitor (l-NAME) inhibited cGMP production in CMs exposed to OT. STO-609 and compound C inhibition of anti-hypertrophic OT effects in CMs indicated the contribution of calcium-calmodulin kinase kinase and AMP-activated protein kinase pathways. Moreover, in ET-1 stimulated cells, OT treatment normalized the reduced Akt phosphorylation, prevented abundant accumulation of ANP and blocked ET-1-mediated translocation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) into the cell nuclei. CONCLUSION cGMP/protein kinase G mediates OT-induced anti-hypertrophic response with the contribution of ANP and NO. OT treatment represents a novel approach in attenuation of cardiac hypertrophy during development and cardiac pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Menaouar
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, CRCHUM, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria Florian
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, CRCHUM, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal Quebec, Canada
| | - Donghao Wang
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, CRCHUM, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal Quebec, Canada
| | - Bogdan Danalache
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, CRCHUM, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal Quebec, Canada
| | - Marek Jankowski
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, CRCHUM, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal Quebec, Canada
| | - Jolanta Gutkowska
- Cardiovascular Biochemistry Laboratory, CRCHUM, Department of Medicine, University of Montreal Quebec, Canada
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Butler T, Paul J, Europe-Finner N, Smith R, Chan EC. Role of serine-threonine phosphoprotein phosphatases in smooth muscle contractility. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 304:C485-504. [PMID: 23325405 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00161.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The degree of phosphorylation of myosin light chain 20 (MLC20) is a major determinant of force generation in smooth muscle. Myosin phosphatases (MPs) contain protein phosphatase (PP) 1 as catalytic subunits and are the major enzymes that dephosphorylate MLC20. MP regulatory targeting subunit 1 (MYPT1), the main regulatory subunit of MP in all smooth muscles, is a key convergence point of contractile and relaxatory pathways. Combinations of regulatory mechanisms, including isoform splicing, multiple phosphorylation sites, and scaffolding proteins, modulate MYPT1 activity with tissue and agonist specificities to affect contraction and relaxation. Other members of the PP1 family that do not target myosin, as well as PP2A and PP2B, dephosphorylate a range of proteins that affect smooth muscle contraction. This review discusses the role of phosphatases in smooth muscle contractility with a focus on MYPT1 in uterine smooth muscle. Myometrium shares characteristics of vascular and other visceral smooth muscles yet, during healthy pregnancy, undergoes hypertrophy, hyperplasia, quiescence, and labor as physiological processes. Myometrium presents an accessible model for the study of normal and pathological smooth muscle function, and a better understanding of myometrial physiology may allow the development of novel therapeutics for the many disorders of myometrial physiology from preterm labor to dysmenorrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent Butler
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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