1
|
Kantasrila R, Pandith H, Balslev H, Wangpakapattanawong P, Panyadee P, Inta A. Ethnobotany and phytochemistry of plants used to treat musculoskeletal disorders among Skaw Karen, Thailand. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2024; 62:62-104. [PMID: 38131672 PMCID: PMC10763916 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2292261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Musculoskeletal system disorders (MSD) are prevalent around the world affecting the health of people, especially farmers who work hard in the field. Karen farmers use many medicinal plants to treat MSD. OBJECTIVE This study collects traditional plant-based remedies used by the Skaw Karen to treat MSD and evaluates their active phytochemical compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ethnobotanical study was conducted in six Karen villages in Chiang Mai province using semi-structured interviews were of 120 informants. The data were analyzed using ethnobotanical indices including use values (UV), choice value (CV), and informant consensus factor (ICF). Consequently, the 20 most important species, according to the indices, were selected for phytochemical analysis using LC-MS/MS. RESULTS A total of 3731 use reports were obtained for 139 species used in MSD treatment. The most common ailments treated with those plants were muscular pain. A total of 172 high-potential active compounds for MSD treatment were identified. Most of them were flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and steroids. The prevalent phytochemical compounds related to treat MSD were 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone, dihydrovaltrate, morroniside, isoacteoside, lithocholic acid, pomiferin, cucurbitacin E, leonuriside A, liriodendrin, and physalin E. Sambucus javanica Reinw. ex Blume (Adoxaceae), Betula alnoides Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don (Betulaceae), Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC. (Asteraceae), Plantago major L. (Plantaginaceae) and Flacourtia jangomas (Lour.) Raeusch. (Salicaceae) all had high ethnobotanical index values and many active compounds. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS This study provides valuable information, demonstrating low-cost medicine plants that are locally available. It is a choice of treatment for people living in remote areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rapeeporn Kantasrila
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
- The Botanical Garden Organization, Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Henrik Balslev
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Prateep Panyadee
- The Botanical Garden Organization, Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Angkhana Inta
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Masiala A, Vingadassalon A, Aurore G. Polyphenols in edible plant leaves: an overview of their occurrence and health properties. Food Funct 2024; 15:6847-6882. [PMID: 38853513 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00509k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Edible plant leaves (EPLs) constitute a major renewable functional plant biomass available all year round, providing an essential source of polyphenols in the global diet. Polyphenols form a large family of antioxidant molecules. They protect against the harmful effects of free radicals, strengthen immunity and stimulate the body's natural defenses thanks to their antibacterial and antiviral functions. This study refers to phenolic compounds from 50 edible plant leaves divided into four categories: green leafy vegetables, underutilized leafy vegetables, leafy spices and leafy drinks. It provides data on the identification, occurrence and pharmacological functions of polyphenols contained in EPLs, and provides a better understanding of trends and gaps in their consumption and study. Certain EPLs, such as moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.), tea (Camellia sinensis L.) and several leafy spices of the Lamiaceae family, reveal important characteristics and therapeutic potential. The polyphenol composition of EPLs makes them functional plants that offer relevant solutions in the fight against obesity, the management of food insecurity and the prevention of chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Masiala
- Université des Antilles, COVACHIM M2E (EA 3592), UFR SEN, Campus de Fouillole, F-97 110 Pointe-à-Pitre, France.
| | - Audrey Vingadassalon
- Université des Antilles, COVACHIM M2E (EA 3592), UFR SEN, Campus de Fouillole, F-97 110 Pointe-à-Pitre, France.
| | - Guylène Aurore
- Université des Antilles, COVACHIM M2E (EA 3592), UFR SEN, Campus de Fouillole, F-97 110 Pointe-à-Pitre, France.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nguyen NB, Le TT, Kang SW, Cha KH, Choi S, Youn HY, Jung SH, Kim M. Cornflower Extract and Its Active Components Alleviate Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Wasting by Targeting Cannabinoid Receptors and Modulating Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2024; 16:1130. [PMID: 38674820 PMCID: PMC11054969 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, a decline in muscle mass and strength, can be triggered by aging or medications like glucocorticoids. This study investigated cornflower (Centaurea cyanus) water extract (CC) as a potential protective agent against DEX-induced muscle wasting in vitro and in vivo. CC and its isolated compounds mitigated oxidative stress, promoted myofiber growth, and boosted ATP production in C2C12 myotubes. Mechanistically, CC reduced protein degradation markers, increased mitochondrial content, and activated protein synthesis signaling. Docking analysis suggested cannabinoid receptors (CB) 1 and 2 as potential targets of CC compounds. Specifically, graveobioside A from CC inhibited CB1 and upregulated CB2, subsequently stimulating protein synthesis and suppressing degradation. In vivo, CC treatment attenuated DEX-induced muscle wasting, as evidenced by enhanced grip strength, exercise performance, and modulation of muscle gene expression related to differentiation, protein turnover, and exercise performance. Moreover, CC enriched gut microbial diversity, and the abundance of Clostridium sensu stricto 1 positively correlated with muscle mass. These findings suggest a multifaceted mode of action for CC: (1) direct modulation of the muscle cannabinoid receptor system favoring anabolic processes and (2) indirect modulation of muscle health through the gut microbiome. Overall, CC presents a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing and treating muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Bao Nguyen
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (N.B.N.); (T.T.L.); (S.W.K.); (S.C.); (H.-Y.Y.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Dentistry, Gangneung Wonju National University, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Tam Thi Le
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (N.B.N.); (T.T.L.); (S.W.K.); (S.C.); (H.-Y.Y.)
| | - Suk Woo Kang
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (N.B.N.); (T.T.L.); (S.W.K.); (S.C.); (H.-Y.Y.)
| | - Kwang Hyun Cha
- Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea;
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
| | - Sowoon Choi
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (N.B.N.); (T.T.L.); (S.W.K.); (S.C.); (H.-Y.Y.)
| | - Hye-Young Youn
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (N.B.N.); (T.T.L.); (S.W.K.); (S.C.); (H.-Y.Y.)
| | - Sang Hoon Jung
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (N.B.N.); (T.T.L.); (S.W.K.); (S.C.); (H.-Y.Y.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungsuk Kim
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; (N.B.N.); (T.T.L.); (S.W.K.); (S.C.); (H.-Y.Y.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Siripongvutikorn S, Pumethakul K, Yupanqui CT, Seechamnanturakit V, Detarun P, Utaipan T, Sirinupong N, Chansuwan W, Wittaya T, Samakradhamrongthai RS. Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Activities of the Most Favored Ready-to-Use Thai Curries, Pad-Ka-Proa (Spicy Basil Leaves) and Massaman. Foods 2024; 13:582. [PMID: 38397559 PMCID: PMC10887624 DOI: 10.3390/foods13040582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Food is one of the factors with the highest impact on human health. Today, attention is paid not only to food properties such as energy provision and palatability but also to functional aspects including phytochemical, antioxidant properties, etc. Massaman and spicy basil leaf curries are famous Thai food dishes with a good harmony of flavor and taste, derived from multiple herbs and spices, including galangal rhizomes, chili pods, garlic bulbs, peppers, shallots, and coriander seeds, that provide an array of health benefits. The characterization of phytochemicals detected by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS identified 99 components (Masaman) and 62 components (spicy basil leaf curry) such as quininic acid, hydroxycinnamic acid, luteolin, kaempferol, catechin, eugenol, betulinic acid, and gingerol. The cynaroside and luteolin-7-O-glucoside found in spicy basil leaf curry play a key role in antioxidant activities and were found at a significantly higher concentration than in Massaman curry. Phenolic and flavonoid compounds generally exhibit a bitter and astringent taste, but all the panelists scored both curries higher than 7 out of 9, confirming their acceptable flavor. Results suggest that the Massaman and spicy basil leaves contain various phytochemicals at different levels and may be further used as functional ingredients and nutraceutical products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunisa Siripongvutikorn
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand; (K.P.); (C.T.Y.); (V.S.); (P.D.); (N.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Kanyamanee Pumethakul
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand; (K.P.); (C.T.Y.); (V.S.); (P.D.); (N.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Chutha Takahashi Yupanqui
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand; (K.P.); (C.T.Y.); (V.S.); (P.D.); (N.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Vatcharee Seechamnanturakit
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand; (K.P.); (C.T.Y.); (V.S.); (P.D.); (N.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Preeyabhorn Detarun
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand; (K.P.); (C.T.Y.); (V.S.); (P.D.); (N.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Tanyarath Utaipan
- Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Pattani Campus, Prince of Songkla University, Muang, Rusamilae 94000, Pattani, Thailand;
| | - Nualpun Sirinupong
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand; (K.P.); (C.T.Y.); (V.S.); (P.D.); (N.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Worrapanit Chansuwan
- Centre of Excellence in Functional Foods and Gastronomy, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand; (K.P.); (C.T.Y.); (V.S.); (P.D.); (N.S.); (W.C.)
| | - Thawien Wittaya
- Center of Excellence in Bio-Based Materials and Packaging Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Songkhla, Thailand;
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Algethami FK. GC/MS and LC-MS Analysis and in-vitro Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil and Crude Methanol Extract from the Leaves of Acacia Gerrardii Benth. Growing in Saudi Arabia. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301847. [PMID: 38299486 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
In this study, I determined the essential oil (EO) chemical composition and crude methanol extract (ME) phytochemical profile of the leaves of Acacia gerrardii (ACGL), a plant growing in Saudi Arabia. Additionally, I assessed their in vitro antioxidant activity. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the EO revealed a high content of oxygenated monoterpenes (79.86 %), primarily dominated by pulegone (35.11 %), carvacrol (27.36 %), and neo-dihydrocarveol (4.67 %). The ME was analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine its qualitative chemical profile. Four organic acids, eleven phenolic compounds, sixteen flavonoids, nine terpenoids (eight triterpenoids and one diterpenoid), and one coumarin were found in the ME of ACGL. This extract was found to be dominated by 5,6,4-trihydroxy-7,3-dimethoxyflavone (39.30 %), acteoside (30.27 %), nevadensin (7.55 %), isoacteoside (3.08 %) and apiin (3.23 %), and hesperidin (2.73 %). The phenolic (TPC=127.70±1.47 mg gallic acid equivalents/g of extract) and flavonoid (TFC=85.48±0.12 mg quercetin equivalents/g of extract) contents of the ME were also assessed. The in vitro antioxidant activities of both the EO and ME were evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, and ferrous ion chelating effect assays. Compared to the positive control (vit. E and Vit. C), and both extracts exhibited excellent activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faisal K Algethami
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang Z, Lu W, Liu P, Li M, Ge X, Yu B, Wu Z, Liu G, Ding N, Cui B, Chen X. Microbial modifications with Lycium barbarum L. oligosaccharides decrease hepatic fibrosis and mitochondrial abnormalities in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 120:155068. [PMID: 37690228 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lycium barbarum L. is a typical Chinese herbal and edible plant and are now consumed globally. Low molecular weight L. barbarum L. oligosaccharides (LBO) exhibit better antioxidant activity and gastrointestinal digestibility in vitro than high molecular weight polysaccharides. However, the LBO on the treatment of liver disease is not studied. PURPOSE Modification of the gut microbial ecosystem by LBO is a promising treatment for liver fibrosis. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Herein, LBO were prepared and characterized. CCl4-treated mice were orally gavaged with LBO and the effects on hepatic fibrosis and mitochondrial abnormalities were evaluated according to relevant indicators (gut microbiota, faecal metabolites, and physiological and biochemical indices). RESULTS The results revealed that LBO, a potential prebiotic source, is a pyranose cyclic oligosaccharide possessing α-glycosidic and β-glycosidic bonds. Moreover, LBO supplementation restored the configuration of the bacterial community, enhanced the proliferation of beneficial species in the gastrointestinal tract (e.g., Bacillus, Tyzzerella, Fournierella and Coriobacteriaceae UCG-002), improved microbial metabolic alterations (i.e., carbohydrate metabolism, vitamin metabolism and entero-hepatic circulation), and increased antioxidants, including doxepin, in mice. Finally, LBO administration reduced serum inflammatory cytokine and hepatic hydroxyproline levels, improved intestinal and hepatic mitochondrial functions, and ameliorated mouse liver fibrosis. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that LBO can be utilized as a prebiotic and has a remarkable ability to mitigate liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Wenjia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Xinyi Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Zhengzong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Guimei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Nannan Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Bo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Xiao Chen
- College of Health Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250353, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hamad SM, Barzinjy AA, Rafigh R, Jalil P, Mirzaei Y, Shaikhah D. Green Synthesis of ZnO/CuO Nanocomposites Using Parsley Extract for Potential In Vitro Anticoccidial Application. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:4190-4199. [PMID: 37769115 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a simple, low-cost, and environmentally friendly method for the green synthesis of ZnO/CuO nanocomposites (NCs) using parsley extract was developed. The phytochemical components in the parsley leaf extract reacted with precursor salts in solution and yielded ZnO/CuO NCs. The synthesis of the green-synthesized NCs was confirmed via various characterization techniques, including UV-vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Subsequently, the NCs were subjected to rigorous in vitro evaluation of their anticoccidial properties. The results showed that the NCs had a spherical shape within an average particle size of around 70 nm. The green-synthesized NCs were evaluated for their in vitro anticoccidial activity against Eimeria spp. The findings showed that the NCs exhibited a significant anticoccidial effect, with a maximum inhibition of 55.3 ± 0.32% observed at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. The exposure to the NCs resulted in notable alterations in the ultrastructure of the oocysts when compared to the control group. The ZnO/CuO NCs synthesized from the parsley leaf extract showed promising potential against coccidiosis and could be used in biomedical applications. Further investigation using an in vivo model is required to ascertain the efficacy of NCs as anticoccidial agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samir Mustafa Hamad
- Scientific Research Center, Soran University, Erbil, 44008 Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | | | - Raghda Rafigh
- Scientific Research Center, Soran University, Erbil, 44008 Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Parwin Jalil
- Scientific Research Center, Soran University, Erbil, 44008 Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Yousef Mirzaei
- Scientific Research Center, Soran University, Erbil, 44008 Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Dilshad Shaikhah
- Scientific Research Center, Soran University, Erbil, 44008 Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Institute of Functional Surfaces, School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Naidu SAG, Tripathi YB, Shree P, Clemens RA, Naidu AS. Phytonutrient Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2/NSP5-Encoded Main Protease (M pro) Autocleavage Enzyme Critical for COVID-19 Pathogenesis. J Diet Suppl 2023; 20:284-311. [PMID: 34821532 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2021.2006388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The genomic reshuffling, mutagenicity, and high transmission rate of the SARS-CoV-2 pathogen highlights an urgent need for effective antiviral interventions for COVID-19 control. Targeting the highly conserved viral genes and/or gene-encoded viral proteins such as main proteinase (Mpro), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and helicases are plausible antiviral approaches to prevent replication and propagation of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Coronaviruses (CoVs) are prone to extensive mutagenesis; however, any genetic alteration to its highly conserved Mpro enzyme is often detrimental to the viral pathogen. Therefore, inhibitors that target the Mpro enzyme could reduce the risk of mutation-mediated drug resistance and provide effective antiviral protection. Several existing antiviral drugs and dietary bioactives are currently repurposed to treat COVID-19. Dietary bioactives from three ayurvedic medicinal herbs, 18 β-glycyrrhetinic acid (ΔG = 8.86 kcal/mol), Solanocapsine (ΔG = 8.59 kcal/mol), and Vasicoline (ΔG = 7.34 kcal/mol), showed high-affinity binding to Mpro enzyme than the native N3 inhibitor (ΔG = 5.41 kcal/mol). Flavonoids strongly inhibited SARS-CoV-2 Mpro with comparable or higher potency than the antiviral drug, remdesivir. Several tannin hydrolysates avidly bound to the receptor-binding domain and catalytic dyad (His41 and Cys145) of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro through H-bonding forces. Quercetin binding to Mpro altered the thermostability of the viral protein through redox-based mechanism and inhibited the viral enzymatic activity. Interaction of quercetin-derivatives with the Mpro seem to be influenced by the 7-OH group and the acetoxylation of sugar moiety on the ligand molecule. Based on pharmacokinetic and ADMET profiles, several phytonutrients could serve as a promising redox nutraceutical for COVID-19 management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sreus A G Naidu
- N-terminus Research Laboratory, Yorba Linda, California, USA
| | - Yamini B Tripathi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Priya Shree
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Roger A Clemens
- Department of International Regulatory Science, University of Southern California School of Pharmacy, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lau H, Heng Tan L, Ying Ee L, Dayal H, Ying Lim S, Liu F, Yau Li SF. Application of 1H-NMR- and LC-MS based Metabolomic analysis for the evaluation of celery preservation methods. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
10
|
Chen S, Chen J, Xu Y, Wang X, Li J. Elsholtzia: A genus with antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory advantages. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 297:115549. [PMID: 35878785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Elsholtzia (family Labiaceae) is an important source of folk traditional Chinese medicine, mainly used to relieve the symptoms of cold, fever, pneumonia and so on. However, currently available data on its traditional and pharmacological advantages have not been comprehensively reviewed. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review provides up-to-date and comprehensive information on the ethnopharmacological, phytochemical, pharmacological properties and toxicity of Elsholtzia, highlights the antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory advantages of the genus, and explores its therapeutic potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS Use Google Scholar, Scifinder, PubMed, Springer, Elsevier, Wiley, Web of Science and other online database search to collect the research literatures on application, chemistry and biological activity of Elsholtzia published before December 2021. Their scientific names have been verified using The Plant List and World Flora Online websites. RESULTS A total of 42 species of Elsholtzia are widely distributed all over the world, especially in Yunnan Province (China). Since Elsholtzia genus is commonly used in the folk to treat respiratory infectious diseases such as cold and fever, growing numbers of studies have confirmed their antiviral, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. So far, about 221 non-volatile compounds and 1008 volatile compounds have been identified from Elsholtzia plants, mainly containing flavonoids and terpenoids showing convincing antibacterial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities. Further research found that their antibacterial and antiviral spectrums are broad, and volatile oils are considered to be the main antibacterial components. Their anti-inflammatory mechanism is mainly through the inhibition of NF-κB and MAPKs signaling pathways. Toxicological studies have not established its toxicity. CONCLUSIONS By summarizing the latest information on genus Elsholtzia, their traditional uses, material basis and mechanisms of action in antiviral, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory aspects were described, providing new insights for the genus and its importance as a potential natural resource of antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs, giving evidence and new ideas for the development of herbal medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuqi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jixin Chen
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Disease, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Safety evaluation and biochemical efficacy of celery seed extract (Apium Graveolens) capsules in hypertensive patients: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over, clinical trial. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1669-1684. [PMID: 35536382 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00986-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the safety of celery seed extract (Apium graveolens), as a medicinal herb with active ingredients such as 3-n-butylphthalide (NBP), in hypertensive patients. This study was a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over clinical trial. Hypertensive patients (51 participants) received 4 celery seed capsules (a total of 1.34 g extract per day) or 4 placebo capsules per day for 4 weeks as a supplement to their usual medication regimen. The results indicated that the celery seed capsule not only was safe for hypertensive patients but also caused a reduction in BP, FBS, and lipid profile values. Also, it had beneficial effects on kidney and liver functions. No significant change was observed in blood cells and serum electrolytes (p > 0.05). The mean reduction in BUN and SCr were 3.43 and 0.075 mg/dL, and in SGPT and SGOT were 4.08 and 3.03 U/L, respectively (p < 0.05). FBS reduced from 108.53 to 97.96 mg/dL after 4 weeks of celery administration (p < 0.01). The decrease in TC, TG, LDL, and increase in HDL were 16.37, 16.22, 11.84, and 2.52 mg/dL, respectively (p < 0.001). According to the promising results of this clinical trial, celery seed extract can be considered a safe supplement for hypertensive patients. The study is limited by the small sample size; therefore, larger randomized trials are required.
Collapse
|
12
|
Safriani N, Zakaria FR, Prangdimurti E, Suwarti, Verpoorte R, Yuliana ND. Using metabolomics to discover the immunomodulator activity of food plants. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09507. [PMID: 35647332 PMCID: PMC9136347 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Many edible plants exhibit immunomodulator activities that have beneficial effects on human health. These activities include the ability to activate, multiply, or suppress elements of the immune response. Some of these plants promote health by strengthening host defences against different diseases. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of the constituents of several edible plants, their immunomodulatory activity, and mechanism of actions for Carica papaya, Coffea sp, Asparagus cochinchinensis, Dioscorea alata, beans, mushrooms, herbs, spices, and several vegetables. The studies reported here are pre-clinical (in vitro and in vivo) and clinical studies (limited in number). The bioactive compounds responsible for the immunomodulator activity of these plants were yet to be identified. This is because the plant is naturally a complex mixture, whilst the immune system is also an intricate system involving many cells and cytokines/chemokines. Metabolomics is a key tool for conducting global profiling of metabolites in a complex system. Therefore, it offers the ability to identify the presence of compounds in plant extracts associated with their immunomodulation effects. Likewise, metabolomics can also be used to detect any changes to metabolites in the cell as a response to treatment. Therefore, affected metabolic pathways that lead to the activation of certain immune responses can be determined from one single experiment. However, we found in this review that the use of a metabolomics approach is not yet fully developed for an immunomodulator study of food plants. This is important for the direction of future research in this field because unlike medicinal plants, food plants are consumed on a regular basis in small amounts with more obvious effects on the immune system. Information about possible bioactive compounds, their interactions (synergism, antagonism), and how the human body responds to them should be studied in a more holistic way.
Collapse
|
13
|
Determination of Chemical Composition, In Vitro and In Silico Evaluation of Essential Oil from Leaves of Apium graveolens Grown in Saudi Arabia. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237372. [PMID: 34885954 PMCID: PMC8659096 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the composition and evaluate the in silico and in vitro antioxidants and antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects of Apium graveolens var. dulce leaves essential oil (AGO) collected from Al-Kharj (Saudi Arabia). AGO was isolated using the hydro-distillation method, and its composition was studied using gas-chromatography-mass Spectrometry (GC–MS), antimicrobial activities using well diffusion assay, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities using spectrophotometric methods. The pharmacological activities of their major compounds were predicted using PASS (prediction of activity spectra for substances) and drug-likening properties by ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) through web-based online tools. Isocnidilide (40.1%) was identified as the major constituent of AGO along with β-Selinene, Senkyunolide A, Phytyl acetate, and 3-Butylphthalide. AGO exhibited a superior antibacterial activity, and the strongest activity was detected against Gram-positive bacteria and Candida albicans. Additionally, it exhibited a weaker antioxidant potential and stronger anti-inflammatory effects. PASS prediction supported the pharmacological finding, whereas ADMET revealed the safety of AGO. The molecular docking of isocnidilide was carried out for antibacterial (DNA gyrase), antioxidant (tyrosinase), and anti-inflammatory (cyclooxygenase-2) activities. The docking simulation results were involved hydrophilic interactions and demonstrated high binding affinity of isocnidilide for anti-inflammatory protein (cycloxygenase-2). The presence of isocnidilide makes AGO a potential anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent. AGO, and its major metabolite isocnidilide, may be a suitable candidate for the future drug development.
Collapse
|
14
|
Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Celery Leaf and Stem Extracts in LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Cells Using Nitric Oxide Assay and LC-MS Based Metabolomics. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:1876-1888. [PMID: 34889896 PMCID: PMC8929158 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43030131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work demonstrated and compared the anti-inflammatory effects of celery leaf (CLE) and stem (CSE) extracts. LC-MS-based metabolomics were an effective approach to achieve the biomarker identification and pathway elucidation associated with the reduction in inflammatory responses. The celery extracts suppressed LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells, and CLE was five times more effective than CSE. Distinct differences were revealed between the control and celery-treated samples among the 24 characteristic metabolites that were identified. In celery-treated LPS cells, reversals of intracellular (citrulline, proline, creatine) and extracellular (citrulline, lysine) metabolites revealed that the therapeutic outcomes were closely linked to arginine metabolism. Reversals of metabolites when treated with CLE (aspartate, proline) indicated targeted effects on the TCA and urea cycles, while, in the case of CSE (histidine, glucose), the glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathways were implicated. Subsequently, apigenin and bergapten in CLE were identified as potential biomarkers mediating the anti-inflammatory response.
Collapse
|
15
|
Optimization of Volatile Compounds Extraction from Industrial Celery ( Apium graveolens) By-Products by Using Response Surface Methodology and Study of Their Potential as Antioxidant Sources. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112664. [PMID: 34828944 PMCID: PMC8620065 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the potential of industrial celery by-products (the stalk and root) serving as sources of aromatics and antioxidants was investigated. A headspace solid phase microextraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME–GC–MS) procedure was optimized to isolate volatile compounds from celery by-products. A Box–Behnken experimental design was proposed to optimize the procedure through a response surface methodology. The optimal extraction conditions were found to be 1.6 g of homogenized fresh by-product at 30 °C for 60 min. Under these conditions, 26 volatile compounds in stalk and root samples were identified, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes being the main components. The content of limonene and γ-terpinene found in the stalk was significantly higher in comparison with root samples. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity (ABTS and FRAP) results underlined the celery wastes studied as good sources of free radical scavengers. This work suggests the potential application of these by-products in the food industry and opens new pathways to valorize celery residues, contributing to the circular economy.
Collapse
|
16
|
Panagiotopoulos AA, Karakasiliotis I, Kotzampasi DM, Dimitriou M, Sourvinos G, Kampa M, Pirintsos S, Castanas E, Daskalakis V. Natural Polyphenols Inhibit the Dimerization of the SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: The Case of Fortunellin and Its Structural Analogs. Molecules 2021; 26:6068. [PMID: 34641612 PMCID: PMC8512273 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
3CL-Pro is the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (MPro). It acts as a homodimer to cleave the large polyprotein 1ab transcript into proteins that are necessary for viral growth and replication. 3CL-Pro has been one of the most studied SARS-CoV-2 proteins and a main target of therapeutics. A number of drug candidates have been reported, including natural products. Here, we employ elaborate computational methods to explore the dimerization of the 3CL-Pro protein, and we formulate a computational context to identify potential inhibitors of this process. We report that fortunellin (acacetin 7-O-neohesperidoside), a natural flavonoid O-glycoside, and its structural analogs are potent inhibitors of 3CL-Pro dimerization, inhibiting viral plaque formation in vitro. We thus propose a novel basis for the search of pharmaceuticals as well as dietary supplements in the fight against SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios A. Panagiotopoulos
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (A.A.P.); (D.-M.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Ioannis Karakasiliotis
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (I.K.); (M.D.)
| | - Danai-Maria Kotzampasi
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (A.A.P.); (D.-M.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Marios Dimitriou
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (I.K.); (M.D.)
| | - George Sourvinos
- Laboratory of Virology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece;
- Nature Crete Pharmaceuticals, 71305 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Marilena Kampa
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (A.A.P.); (D.-M.K.); (M.K.)
- Nature Crete Pharmaceuticals, 71305 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Stergios Pirintsos
- Nature Crete Pharmaceuticals, 71305 Heraklion, Greece;
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 71409 Heraklion, Greece
- Botanical Garden, University of Crete, 74100 Rethymnon, Greece
| | - Elias Castanas
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece; (A.A.P.); (D.-M.K.); (M.K.)
- Nature Crete Pharmaceuticals, 71305 Heraklion, Greece;
| | - Vangelis Daskalakis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, 3603 Limassol, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Talabani RF, Hamad SM, Barzinjy AA, Demir U. Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Harvesting Sunlight for Solar Thermal Generation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2421. [PMID: 34578737 PMCID: PMC8471701 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) have been synthesized through an easy, inexpensive, and ecofriendly method. Petroselinum crispum, parsley, leaf extract was utilized as a reducing, capping, and stabilizing agent, without using any hazardous chemical materials, for producing Ag NPs. The biosynthesized Ag NPs were characterized using different characterization techniques, namely UV-Vis, FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscope (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis to investigate the optical, thermal, structural, morphological, and chemical properties of the plant extract and the biosynthesized Ag NPs. After that, the biosynthesized Ag NPs were utilized in harvesting sunlight for solar thermal generation. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) for the green synthesized Ag NPs with the dark color were adjusted at nearly 450 nm. Once the Ag NPs are excited at the SPR, a large amount of heat is released, which causes a change in the local refractive index surrounding the Ag NPs. The released heat from the Ag NPs under the solar irradiation at the precise wavelength of plasmon resonance significantly increased the temperature of the aqueous medium. Different percentages of Ag NPs were dispersed in water and then exposed to the sunlight to monitor the temperature of the suspension. It was found that the temperature of the aqueous medium reached its highest point when 0.3 wt. % of Ag NPs was utilized. This investigation is rare and unique, and it shows that utilizing a small amount of the biosynthesized Ag NPs can increase the temperature of the aqueous medium remarkably.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebwar Faiq Talabani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering and Architecture Faculty, Bingöl University, 12000 Bingöl, Turkey; (R.F.T.); (U.D.)
| | | | - Azeez Abdullah Barzinjy
- Department of Physics, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44002, Iraq
- Department of Physics Education, Faculty of Education, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Usame Demir
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering and Architecture Faculty, Bingöl University, 12000 Bingöl, Turkey; (R.F.T.); (U.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Minaiyan M, Ghanadian SM, Hossaini M. Protective Effect of Apium graveolens L. (Celery) Seeds Extracts and Luteolin on Acetic Acid-Induced Colitis in Rats. Int J Prev Med 2021; 12:100. [PMID: 34729134 PMCID: PMC8505686 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_651_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anti-oxidant, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects have been reported for Apium graveolens Linn. ) Celery( seeds and its active component luteolin. So, this study was carried out to investigate the protective effects of hexane (AGHE) and methanol (AGME) extracts of A. graveolens seeds and luteolin on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. METHODS Three doses of AGHE (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg), AGME (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg), and luteolin (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) were administered orally (p.o.) to separate groups of male Wistar rats, 2 h before ulcer induction (acetic acid 4%) and continued once daily for 4 days. Prednisolone (4 mg/kg) and mesalazine (100 mg/kg) were used as reference and vehicle (2 mL/kg) as control groups. Colon biopsies were taken for weighting, macroscopic and histopathologic evaluation, and measuring myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. RESULTS Our findings showed that AGHE (200 and 400 mg/kg), AGME (400 and 800 mg/kg), and luteolin (10 and 20 mg/kg) were effective to reduce colonic ulcer score, area, and index as well as total colitis index, and MPO activity significantly in comparison with controls. Since the lowest doses of extracts and luteolin were not significantly effective to diminish evaluated parameters of colitis, it is concluded that the ameliorative effect was dose related. CONCLUSION It is also concluded that both extracts and luteolin, as an important ingredient of celery extract, were effective in the amelioration of colitis in rats, but further clinical and detailed mechanistic experiments are required to introduce these natural agents for colitis treatment or prevention in human.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Minaiyan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed-Mustafa Ghanadian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Melika Hossaini
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Aboody MSA. Cytotoxic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of Celery (Apium graveolens L.). Bioinformation 2021; 17:147-156. [PMID: 34393430 PMCID: PMC8340686 DOI: 10.6026/97320630017147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Celery (Apium graveolens Linn, Family: Apiaceae) is a common edible herb used as a spice in the traditional medicine of several nations since time immemorial. The whole plant is extensively used in cooking as soups and salads. A. graveolens has various pharmacological properties such as anticancer, anti-obesity, anti-hepatotoxic, and antihypertensive agents. Hence, it is of interest to document the in vitro cytotoxic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity of A. graveolens. The plants were collected in the local market, shade dried, and different parts of the plants were extracted with 70% ethanol using a cold maceration process. Antioxidant tests were performed based on the various radical scavenging methods. Antimicrobial activity and MIC were completed using the respective cup-plate and two-fold serial dilution method. In vitro cytotoxic studies were achieved by the MTT; Sulphorhodamine B assayed total cell protein content. DLA and ESC cells determined the short-term toxicity. The leaf extract exhibited significant antioxidant properties against NO, DPPH, ABTS, LPO, and HPO methods. Thus, potential inhibition against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and fungal strains within the MIC ranges of 250-500 µg/ml was observed. All the extracts of the plant presented in the study revealed greater cytotoxicity effects against five respective cancer cell lines, L6, Vero, BRL 3A, A-549, L929, and L-929 with the ranging of 443-168.5 µg/ml. Thus, we show that A. graveolens possess a potential cytotoxic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Saleh Al Aboody
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Zulfi-, Majmaah University, Majmaah- 11952, Riyadh region Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pajević S, Mimica-Dukić N, Nemeš I, Župunski M, Simin N, Watson M, Arsenov D. Arsenic content and phenolic compounds in parsley ('Petroselinum' crispum (mill.) fuss) and celery ('Apium graveolens' L.) cultivated in Vojvodina region, Serbia. FOOD AND FEED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.5937/ffr48-34625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Randomly collected samples of parsley and celery from different localities were analysed to determine their quality based on arsenic concentrations, phenolic constituents and the antioxidant capacity of their edible parts. Arsenic concentrations were found in the range: parsley root (0.16 mg/g d.m.) < celery root (0.19 mg/g d.m.) < parsley leaf (0.35 mg/g d.m.) < celery leaf (0.45 mg/g d.m.). Total phenolic contents in roots were similar in both species and varied significantly depending on the cultivation site: 5.03-9.18 mg eqGA/g DE in parsley and 5.04-8.50 mg eqGA/g DE in celery. Lower total flavonoids content was recorded in celery. Among the phenolic acids, ferulic, chlorogenic and several cinnamic acids dominated. Apigenin and its glucosides dominated among flavonoids. Based on the principal component analysis (PCA) it can be concluded that the As content varied depending on the geographical origin of the samples. Also, phenolic compounds showed a significant contribution on PCA clustering, indicating that the cultivation site has a clear significant impact on the metabolites profile, while As content in plants did not significantly affect phenolic compound profile.
Collapse
|
21
|
Boghrati Z, Sabouri-Rad S, Emami SA, Saber MT, Sahebkar A, Tayarani-Najaran Z. The Use of Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Alopecia in the Canon of Avicenna: An Evidence-Based Review. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1308:291-308. [PMID: 33861452 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64872-5_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Although mostly seen in the scalp, alopecia can occur in any hair- bearing site of the body. In spite of various modern treatments, total cost, efficacy, safety and drug dependency have caused a global willing towards natural remedies. The aim of this chapter is to focus on medicinal plants mentioned in Canon of Avicenna, one of the most primary medicinal books, for the treatment of alopecia. Databases like PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched for plants mentioned in Canon for managing alopecia to find studies on their clinical efficacy or mechanisms, which may have attributed to the treatment of alopecia. 25 plants belonging to 16 families have been mentioned in Canon. Most of them have a history of use in ethno-medicine and some are used in hair growth products nowadays. Investigating literatures has shown that anti- inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties are the proposed mechanisms for the treatment of some types of alopecia. Islamic traditional medicine can give new insights for development of multiple natural treatment, which their use in human have been tested for thousands of years. By confirming their efficacy and safety, traditional herbal remedies are appropriate alternatives for chemicals mainly used for alopecia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Boghrati
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Sabouri-Rad
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Emami
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Tahaghoghi Saber
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland.
| | - Zahra Tayarani-Najaran
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Barzinjy AA, Hamad SM, Abdulrahman AF, Biro SJ, Ghafor AA. Biosynthesis, Characterization and Mechanism of Formation of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Petroselinum Crispum Leaf Extract. Curr Org Synth 2020; 17:558-566. [PMID: 32598261 DOI: 10.2174/1570179417666200628140547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed at synthesizing ZnO NPs using Petroselinum crispum extract, commonly known as parsley, as a source of biosynthesis without utilizing chemical agents for reducing, capping and stabilizing agent. BACKGROUND Recently, the biosynthesis of nanoparticles has been widely explored due to the wide range of vital applications in nanotechnology. Biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles, ZnO NPs, have become increasingly important since they have many applications and are environmentally friendly. METHODS The innovation of this investigation is that the nanosized ZnO NPs can be formed from one-pot reaction without utilizing any external stabilizing and reducing agent which is not plausible via the current procedures. RESULTS The biosynthesized ZnO NPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to investigate the optical, chemical, structural, and morphological properties. CONCLUSION These techniques exhibited that the property of the biosynthesized ZnO NPs is analogous with the standard NPs prepared from dissimilar methods. Investigating the plausible mechanism of formation and stabilization of ZnO NPs by biomolecules of Petroselinum crispum leaf extract was another vital feature of this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azeez Abdullah Barzinjy
- Department of Physics, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq,Department of Physics Education, Faculty of Education, Tishk International University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Samir Mustafa Hamad
- Scientific Research Centre, Soran University, Soran-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | | | - Safiya Jameel Biro
- Dept.of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Soran University, Soran-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - AbdulBasit Ali Ghafor
- Dept. of IT, Soran Technical Institute, Erbil Polytechnic University, Soran-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Molecular and Histopathological Study on the Ameliorative Impacts of Petroselinum Crispum and Apium Graveolens against Experimental Hyperuricemia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9512. [PMID: 32528050 PMCID: PMC7289838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66205-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is an abnormal metabolic condition characterized by an increase in uric acid levels in the blood. It is the cause of gout, manifested by inflammatory arthritis, pain and disability. This study examined the possible ameliorative impacts of parsley (PAR) and celery (CEL) as hypouricemic agents at biochemical, molecular and cellular levels. PAR and CEL alone or in combination were orally administered to hyperuricemic (HU) mice and control mice for 10 consecutive days. Serum levels of uric acid and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), xanthine oxidase activity, antioxidants, inflammatory (IL-1β and TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) were measured. mRNA expression of urate transporters and uric acid excretion genes in renal tissues were examined using qRT-PCR (quantitative real time PCR). Normal histology and immunoreactivity of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) in kidneys was examined. Administration of PAR and CEL significantly reduced serum BUN and uric acids in HU mice, ameliorated changes in malondialdehyde, catalase, and reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-10 in hyperuricemic mice. Both effectively normalized the alterations in mURAT-1, mGLUT-9, mOAT-1 and mOAT-3 expression, as well as changes in TGF-β1 immunoreactivity. Interestingly, combined administration of PAR and CEL mitigated all examined measurements synergistically, and improved renal dysfunction in the hyperuricemic mice. The study concluded that PAR and CEL can potentially reduce damaging cellular, molecular and biochemical effects of hyperuricemia both individually and in combination.
Collapse
|
24
|
Yield, Growth, Quality, Biochemical Characteristics and Elemental Composition of Plant Parts of Celery Leafy, Stalk and Root Types Grown in the Northern Hemisphere. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9040484. [PMID: 32283805 PMCID: PMC7238048 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Celery is one of the major nutraceutical vegetable species due to the high dietary and medicinal properties of all of its plant parts. Yield, growth and produce quality of six celery genotypes belonging to leafy (Elixir and Samurai), stalk (Atlant and Primus) or root (Egor and Dobrynya) types, as well as the distribution of biomass, sugars, mineral elements and antioxidants among the different plant parts, were assessed. Within the celery root type, cultivar Dobrynya resulted in higher yield than Egor, whereas the genotype did not significantly affect the marketable plant part production of leafy and stalk types. Leaf/petiole ratios relevant to biomass, total dissolved solids, sugars, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and ash, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and Se content were significantly affected by the celery type examined. Ash content was highest in the leaves and lowest in the roots. Celery antioxidant system was characterized by highly significant relationships between ascorbic acid, polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and Zn. Among the celery types analyzed, the highest values of chlorophyll, Fe and Mn content as well as antioxidant activity were recorded in leaves from root genotypes, which suggests interesting nutraceutical prospects of the aforementioned plant parts for human utilization.
Collapse
|
25
|
Cho BO, Choi J, Kang HJ, Che DN, Shin JY, Kim JS, Kim SJ, Jang SI. Anti-obesity effects of a mixed extract containing Platycodon grandiflorum, Apium graveolens and green tea in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:2783-2791. [PMID: 32256761 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-obesity effect of a combination of extracts made of Platycodon grandiflorum (PGE), Apium graveolens (AGE) and green tea (GTE) extracts was investigated in a high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6N mouse model. Body weight, epididymal adipose tissue weight, liver weight, adipocytes size and serum lipid profile, insulin, leptin and glucose levels were investigated. Additionally, hepatic steatosis, injury and oxidative burden were evaluated in the present study. The current study demonstrated that the PGE, AGE, and GTE (PAG) mixture were most effective in preventing obesity and its associated complications compared with the single extracts used alone. This was evidenced by the PAG's prevention of weight gain, reduction of adipocyte size, beneficial effects in serum lipid profile, levels of insulin, leptin and glucose, and the prevention of liver injury by reducing fat accumulation in the liver, decreased GOT and GPT enzymes and the upregulation of liver antioxidant enzymes. These results suggested that PAG may provide insights into functional food ingredients for use in the prevention of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Byoung Ok Cho
- Research Institute, Ato Q&A Co. Ltd., Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54840, Republic of Korea.,Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 55069, P.R. China
| | - Jiwon Choi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 55069, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Kang
- Research Institute, Ato Q&A Co. Ltd., Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54840, Republic of Korea
| | - Denis Nchang Che
- Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 55069, P.R. China.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, P.R. China
| | - Jae Young Shin
- Research Institute, Ato Q&A Co. Ltd., Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54840, Republic of Korea.,Department of Agro-Bio and Food Industry, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 55069, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 55069, P.R. China.,Department of Agro-Bio and Food Industry, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 55069, P.R. China
| | - Sang Jun Kim
- Functional Food (Drug) R&D Team, Jeonju AgroBio-Materials Institute, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54810, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Il Jang
- Research Institute, Ato Q&A Co. Ltd., Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54840, Republic of Korea.,Department of Health Management, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 55069, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ansari R, Dadbakhsh A, Hasani F, Hosseinzadeh F, Abolhassanzadeh Z, Zarshenas MM. Traditional Aspects of Sciatic Pain Management and Allied Therapies from Persian Medical Reports. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2020; 18:194-206. [PMID: 32178615 DOI: 10.2174/1570163817666200316112120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sciatica is a common back pain caused by irritation of the sciatic nerve. Current pharmacologic therapies have proven inadequate for many patients with sciatic pain. On the other hand, there is a globally increasing demand for the use and administration of natural medicaments for this disorder. Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) is a school of medicine and a medicinal plant-based resource for clinical studies put forward by Persian scholars. The aim of the present study is to gather and study the effectiveness of all medicinal plants from five main Persian pharmacopeias. Furthermore, different databases such as PubMed and Scopus have been checked to derive relevant activities for these plants. In all, 99 medicinal plants related to 42 families have been authenticated. Asteraceae and Apiaceae were the most frequent families and roots and seeds were the most reported botanical parts. The employed routes of administration were oral (54%), topical (33%) and rectal (13%). Anti-inflammatory, analgesic activity and antinociceptive properties of medicines are known as some main mechanisms to manage sciatic pain. These functions are possessed by 30%, 15%, and 15% of the studied plants, respectively. Medicaments that can be introduced as lead agents for further investigation are Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Olea europaea L., Strychnos nux-vomica L and Artemisia vulgaris L which showed all of these properties in previous studies. Hence, conducting adducible clinical trials using these lead agents may lead to novel drugs with lesser undesirable and much more therapeutic effects on controlling sciatic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Ansari
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Dadbakhsh
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hasani
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Abolhassanzadeh
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad M Zarshenas
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Winanta A, Hertiani T. <i>In vivo </i>Immunomodulatory Activity of Faloak Bark Extract (<i>Sterculia quadrifida </i>R.Br). Pak J Biol Sci 2020; 22:590-596. [PMID: 31930858 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2019.590.596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida R.Br) is widely used as traditional medicine in Indonesia to improve stamina (reduce tiredness for heavy workers). However, no scientific reports so far on the immunomodulatory effect. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the bark of faloak as immunomodulatory agents by evaluating their effect on BALB/c mice lymphocytes proliferation, the activity of macrophage, nitric oxide production and the immunoglobulin G titer by in vivo techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS Decoction of the faloak bark was used for the in vivo assay. BALB/c mice were divided into 5 dose groups, each consisting of 5 mice. One group was chosen as the baseline, 3 groups were used for the group treated with the test substance at doses of 7.5, 11.75 and 17.5 g kg-1 of body weight of mice (p.o) and a positive control group was treated with Phyllanthus niruri Linn. (PN) extract (Stimuno®) 0.585 g kg-1 b.wt., (p.o). The test samples were given every day. All mice were induced by hepatitis B vaccine at day 7 and 14. The activity of in vivo assay was determined at day 19. The activity of immunomodulatory effect is expressed in phagocytic capacity, phagocytosis index, nitric oxide, OD of lymphocyte proliferation and IgG titers. RESULTS The macrophage phagocytic capacity and phagocytosis index were significantly increased (p<0.05), nitric oxide production were altered significantly (p<0.05), but OD of lymphocyte proliferation and production of IgG titers were unchanged (p>0.05). CONCLUSION This study showed that the faloak bark could increase the macrophages phagocytic activity, but no effect on lymphocyte cells and therefore did not influence the adaptive immune response.
Collapse
|
28
|
HRLC-ESI-MS based identification of active small molecules from Cissus quadrangularis and likelihood of their action towards the primary targets of osteoarthritis. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
29
|
Ingallina C, Capitani D, Mannina L, Carradori S, Locatelli M, Di Sotto A, Di Giacomo S, Toniolo C, Pasqua G, Valletta A, Simonetti G, Parroni A, Beccaccioli M, Vinci G, Rapa M, Giusti AM, Fraschetti C, Filippi A, Maccelli A, Crestoni ME, Fornarini S, Sobolev AP. Phytochemical and biological characterization of Italian "sedano bianco di Sperlonga" Protected Geographical Indication celery ecotype: A multimethodological approach. Food Chem 2019; 309:125649. [PMID: 31718835 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Celery is a widely used vegetable known for its peculiar sensorial and nutritional properties. Here, the white celery (Apium graveolens L.) "sedano bianco di Sperlonga" PGI ecotype was investigated to obtain the metabolic profile of its edible parts (blade leaves and petioles) also related to quality, freshness and biological properties. A multi-methodological approach, including NMR, MS, HPLC-PDA, GC-MS and spectrophotometric analyses, was proposed to analyse celery extracts. Sugars, polyalcohols, amino acids, organic acids, phenols, sterols, fatty acids, phthalides, chlorophylls, tannins and flavonoids were detected in different concentrations in blade leaf and petiole extracts, indicating celery parts as nutraceutical sources. The presence of some phenols in celery extracts was here reported for the first time. Low contents of biogenic amines and mycotoxins confirmed celery quality and freshness. Regarding the biological properties, ethanolic celery extracts inhibited the oxidative-mediated DNA damage induced by tert-butylhydroperoxide and scavenged DPPH and ABTS radicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Ingallina
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Donatella Capitani
- Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici, Laboratorio di Risonanza Magnetica "Annalaura Segre", CNR, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy.
| | - Luisa Mannina
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici, Laboratorio di Risonanza Magnetica "Annalaura Segre", CNR, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy.
| | - Simone Carradori
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Marcello Locatelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Antonella Di Sotto
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia "V. Ersparmer", Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Silvia Di Giacomo
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Farmacologia "V. Ersparmer", Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Chiara Toniolo
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Pasqua
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessio Valletta
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Simonetti
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessia Parroni
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marzia Beccaccioli
- Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuliana Vinci
- Dipartimento di Management, Laboratorio di Merceologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Mattia Rapa
- Dipartimento di Management, Laboratorio di Merceologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, Via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Giusti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale Sapienza, Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Caterina Fraschetti
- Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici, Laboratorio di Risonanza Magnetica "Annalaura Segre", CNR, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy.
| | - Antonello Filippi
- Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici, Laboratorio di Risonanza Magnetica "Annalaura Segre", CNR, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy.
| | - Alessandro Maccelli
- Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici, Laboratorio di Risonanza Magnetica "Annalaura Segre", CNR, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy.
| | - Maria Elisa Crestoni
- Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici, Laboratorio di Risonanza Magnetica "Annalaura Segre", CNR, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy.
| | - Simonetta Fornarini
- Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici, Laboratorio di Risonanza Magnetica "Annalaura Segre", CNR, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy.
| | - Anatoly P Sobolev
- Istituto per i Sistemi Biologici, Laboratorio di Risonanza Magnetica "Annalaura Segre", CNR, 00015 Monterotondo (Rome), Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li S, Li L, Yan H, Jiang X, Hu W, Han N, Wang D. Anti‑gouty arthritis and anti‑hyperuricemia properties of celery seed extracts in rodent models. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:4623-4633. [PMID: 31702020 PMCID: PMC6797962 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gout is a type of serious arthritis that is caused by hyperuricemia. Celery is an umbelliferous plant that was shown to exhibit anti‑inflammatory activity in rodent. The present study aimed to investigate the effects and potential preliminary mechanisms of celery seed aqueous extract (CSAE) and celery seed oil extract (CSOL) for gout treatment. The components of CSAE and CSOL were systematically analyzed. In mice with hyperuricemia induced by potassium oxonate and yeast extract, CSAE and CSOL treatment reduced the serum levels of uric acid and xanthine oxidase. In addition, CSAE and CSOL reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species and increased the serum levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in mouse serum. In rats with acute gouty arthritis induced by intra‑articular injection of monosodium urate crystals, CSAE and CSOL treatment alleviated the swelling of the ankle joints and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration around the ankle joints. In addition, CSAE and CSOL reduced the levels of interleukin (IL)‑1β and tumor necrosis factor α and increased the levels of IL‑10. The results of the present study suggested that celery seed extracts may have anti‑gout properties, partially through anti‑inflammatory and antioxidative effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaopeng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Lanzhou Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Han Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Xue Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Ning Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Apium Plants: Beyond Simple Food and Phytopharmacological Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9173547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Apium plants belong to the Apiaceae family and are included among plants that have been in use in traditional medicine for thousands of years worldwide, including in the Mediterranean, as well as the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa. Some highlighted medical benefits include prevention of coronary and vascular diseases. Their phytochemical constituents consist of bergapten, flavonoids, glycosides, furanocoumarins, furocoumarin, limonene, psoralen, xanthotoxin, and selinene. Some of their pharmacological properties include anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, nematocidal, anti-rheumatism, antiasthma, anti-bronchitis, hepatoprotective, appetizer, anticonvulsant, antispasmodic, breast milk inducer, anti-jaundice, antihypertensive, anti-dysmenorrhea, prevention of cardiovascular diseases, and spermatogenesis induction. The present review summarizes data on ecology, botany, cultivation, habitat, medicinal use, phytochemical composition, preclinical and clinical pharmacological efficacy of Apium plants and provides future direction on how to take full advantage of Apium plants for the optimal benefit to mankind.
Collapse
|
32
|
Battaglia B, Angelone M, Vera E, Basini G, Bussolati S, Paci M, Bue MD, Aldigeri R, Grolli S, Quintavalla F, Ramoni R. Clinical Effects of the Extract of the Seeds of the Indian Celery- Apium Graveolens-In Horses Affected by Chronic Osteoarthritis. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9080585. [PMID: 31434330 PMCID: PMC6720213 DOI: 10.3390/ani9080585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The extract of the seeds from Indian celery, Apium greaveolens (CSE), tested in experimental animals (rodents), and in humans affected by chronic osteoarthritic diseases, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects that can be compared, to some degree, to those of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). In view of a potential use of CSE in the equine species, it was tested on horses affected by chronic articular pathologies. The trial was performed on 20 horses divided into three different groups, orally treated with 0 (controls), 7.0 or 30 g of CSE BID. Basic orthopedic examinations were conducted, vital signs were observed, and blood samples collected. Improvement was observed at the highest dosage tested (30 g of CSE BID), as reflected in the score values of three clinical parameters, (i) amplitude and (ii) sensitivity to passive flexion and (iii) flexion test. Since the improvement of these parameters can be correlated with a lower perception of the pain, the present data suggest that the CSE treatment can have an analgesic effect in horses affected by chronic osteoarthritic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Battaglia
- Dipartimento Scienze Medico Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Mario Angelone
- Dipartimento Scienze Medico Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Vera
- Dipartimento Scienze Medico Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Basini
- Dipartimento Scienze Medico Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Simona Bussolati
- Dipartimento Scienze Medico Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Paci
- Dipartimento Scienze Medico Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Maurizio Del Bue
- Dipartimento Scienze Medico Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Raffaella Aldigeri
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Grolli
- Dipartimento Scienze Medico Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Fausto Quintavalla
- Dipartimento Scienze Medico Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Roberto Ramoni
- Dipartimento Scienze Medico Veterinarie, Università di Parma, Via del taglio 10, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Peng F, Xie Y, Li X, Li G, Yang Y. Chemical components and bioactivity evaluation of extracts from pear (Pyrus UssuriensisMaxim) fruit. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Peng
- Analysis and Testing Center, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology; Qinhuangdao China
| | - Ying Xie
- Analysis and Testing Center, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology; Qinhuangdao China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology; Qinhuangdao China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology; Qinhuangdao China
| | - Yuedong Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology; Qinhuangdao China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Dolati K, Rakhshandeh H, Golestani M, Forouzanfar F, Sadeghnia R, Sadeghnia HR. Inhibitory Effects of Apium graveolens on Xanthine Oxidase Activity and Serum Uric Acid Levels in Hyperuricemic Mice. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2018; 23:127-133. [PMID: 30018891 PMCID: PMC6047868 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2018.23.2.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Celery (Apium graveolens) is traditionally used to treat rheumatism and cardiovascular disorders. Hyperuricemia is considered as a predisposing factor for gout and is also suggested to be associated with coronary artery disease. In the present study, the effect of hydroalcoholic extracts from A. graveolens (AGE) against potassium oxonate (PO)-induced hyperuricemia was investigated in mice. AGE (250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg) or allopurinol (5 mg/kg, as positive control) were orally administrated 1 h after PO injection (250 mg/kg, ip) for two weeks. After that, the serum uric acid level and hepatic xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) and xanthine oxidase (XO) activities were measured. In addition, the antioxidant activity of AGE was determined by assessment of hepatic lipid peroxidation, in vivo and the ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay, in vitro. The extract exhibited good capacity to reduce ferric ion to ferrous ion with mean value of 63.8±8.5 μmol/g. The data also showed that oxonate treatment produced a significant increase in serum uric acid level (4.6 vs. 2.3 mg/ dL, P<0.001), liver XO/XDH activities (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively), and hepatic lipid peroxides levels (about two fold, P<0.01), compared to the healthy mice. AGE significantly decreased the serum uric acid level, hepatic XO/XDH activities, and lipid peroxidation, in a dose-dependent manner. Oral administration of 1,000 mg/kg AGE for two weeks reversed the elevated serum uric acid level (2.7 vs. 4.6 mg/dL, P<0.001) and significantly inhibited liver XO/XDH activities (P<0.001) and diminished hepatic lipid peroxidation (0.45 vs. 0.82 nmol/mg protein, P<0.05), compared with hyperuricemic mice. AGE (1,000 mg/kg) per se did not significantly modify these parameters. Our results demonstrated that AGE could reduce the serum uric acid level via inhibition of hepatic XDH/XO and indicated its potential utility as an effective hypouricemic bioactive agent or functional food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Dolati
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Hassan Rakhshandeh
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Mohsen Golestani
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Roya Sadeghnia
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| | - Hamid R Sadeghnia
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran.,Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Apigenin as neuroprotective agent: Of mice and men. Pharmacol Res 2018; 128:359-365. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
36
|
Ramachandraiah K, Chin KB. Impact of drying and micronization on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of celery stalk. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:4539-4547. [PMID: 28337767 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The influence of convective drying and ball-mill treatment of celery stalk on particle size distribution, physicochemical properties, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities were analyzed in this study. RESULTS Ball-milling of celery stalk dried at temperatures of 50, 75 and 100 °C resulted in decreased average particle sizes of 48.8, 10.5 and 7.2 µm, respectively. Bulk density was increased with reduced particle size. Darker (L*) and reddish (a*) powders were formed at higher temperatures, while ball-milling increased greenness (-a*) of powders dried at 50 and 75 °C. Total content of phenol compounds increased with increasing temperature. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and reducing power were affected by ball-milling for 24 h and drying at elevated temperatures. Iron chelating ability was unaffected by increasing temperature or reduced particle size. CONCLUSION Increasing drying temperatures not only decreased the average particle size of powders, but also increasingly reduced particle size after ball-milling. Micronization of celery stalk dried at the highest temperature had the best antioxidant activities. Drying and ball-milling were not highly deleterious to the major phenolic structures. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Koo Bok Chin
- Department of Animal Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Anti-Inflammatory Triterpene Glycosides from the Roots of Ilex dunniana Levl. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22071206. [PMID: 28753960 PMCID: PMC6152231 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A new triterpene glycoside ilexdunnoside A (1) and a new sulfated triterpene derivative ilexdunnoside B (2), together with five known analogues 3–7 were isolated from the roots of Ilex dunniana Levl. The structures were established by NMR spectroscopic analysis and acid hydrolysis. Results of an in vivo study of the biological activity showed that 75% ethanol and n-butanol extracts of the plant displayed anti-inflammatory activities against ear edema in mice, with inhibition rates of 23.5% and 37.5%, respectively, at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Furthermore, Compounds 1, 2 and 3 exhibited moderate indirect inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced NO production in BV2 microglial cells in vitro, with IC50 values of 11.60, 12.30 and 9.70 μM, respectively.
Collapse
|
38
|
Kooti W, Daraei N. A Review of the Antioxidant Activity of Celery ( Apium graveolens L). J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2017; 22:1029-1034. [PMID: 28701046 PMCID: PMC5871295 DOI: 10.1177/2156587217717415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are an important source of natural active products that are different, based on mechanism and biological properties. Celery (Apium graveolens L) is a plant from the apiaceae family and phenolic and antioxidant compounds of this plant have been studied by several scientists. The aim of this study was to review systematically the antioxidant activity of celery. Required articles were searched from databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and Springer. Keywords used in this study were Apium graveolens L, celery, antioxidant, free radical, leaf, and seed. Out of 980 collected articles (published in the period 1997-2015), 9 studies finally met the inclusion criteria and were considered. Celery, because of compounds such as caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, apigenin, luteolin, tannin, saponin, and kaempferol, has powerful antioxidant characteristics, to remove free radicals. It is clear that celery, with different compounds and diverse concentration can have varied healing effects. It is suggested that the next studies concentrate on other therapeutic and industrial attributes of celery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Kooti
- 1 Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Nahid Daraei
- 2 Student Research Committe, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Li J, Wei Y, Li X, Zhu D, Nie B, Zhou J, Lou L, Dong B, Wu A, Che Y, Chen M, Zhu L, Mu M, Chai L. Herbal formula Xian-Fang-Huo-Ming-Yin regulates differentiation of lymphocytes and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in collagen-induced arthritis mice. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:12. [PMID: 28056922 PMCID: PMC5216578 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1526-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Xian-Fang-Huo-Ming-Yin (XFHM), a traditional herbal formula, has been used to treat sores and carbuncles for hundreds of years in Asia. Nowadays, its clinical effects in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been validated. In this study, we want to study its possible molecular mechanisms of regulating the differentiation of lymphocytes and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice for RA treatment. Methods A high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometer (HPLC-ESI/MSn) system was used to analyze the constituents of XFHM granules. An arthritics mouse model was induced by collagen and leflunomide (LEF) was used as a positive control medicine. Pathological changes at the metatarsophalangeal joint were studied through Safranin O and immunohistochemical staining. The differentiation of T, B and NK cells was examined by flow cytometry and pro-inflammatory cytokines were assayed using an Inflammation Antibody Array assay. The expression of key molecules of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathways in spleen were studied by western-blot analysis. Results In our study. 21 different dominant chemical constituents were identified in XFHM. Treatment with XFHM suppressed the pathological changes in arthrosis of CIA. Additionally, XFHM down-regulated the proliferation and differentiation of CD3+ T cells and CD3−CD19+ B cells significantly. However, XFHM had no significant effect on CD3−NK1.1+ NK cells. Further study showed that the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines had been suppressed by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling. Conclusions XFHM can regulate and maintain the immunologic balance of lymphocytic immunity and inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thus suppressing the pathological changes of RA. Therefore, XFHM may be used as an application of traditional medicine against RA in modern complementary and alternative therapeutics. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1526-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
40
|
Al-Asmari AK, Athar MT, Kadasah SG. An Updated Phytopharmacological Review on Medicinal Plant of Arab Region: Apium graveolens Linn. Pharmacogn Rev 2017; 11:13-18. [PMID: 28503047 PMCID: PMC5414449 DOI: 10.4103/phrev.phrev_35_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Apium graveolens Linn. (Karafs) is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of the various ailments. There is a need to explore and authenticate the pharmacological profile and medicinal importance of the Karafs. In this paper, the literature and the published work on Apium were collected using online resources “Google scholar”, “Web of science”, “Scopus” and “PubMed”. Each of the pharmacological activity was searched individually using the keywords “Apium/Karafs/Apium graveolens + individual pharmacological activity”. We documented the most cited and most recent literatures. The current findings illuminate the importance Karafs in the traditional medicine and their impact in treating various diseases. This review strongly supports the fact that the Apium has emerged as a good source of medicine in treating various diseases. There is also a need to isolate the bioactive phytochemicals present in this plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Md Tanwir Athar
- Department of Research Center, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh 11159, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed G Kadasah
- Department of Psychiatry, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh 11159, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Liu G, Zhuang L, Song D, Lu C, Xu X. Isolation, purification, and identification of the main phenolic compounds from leaves of celery (Apium graveolensL.var. dulceMill./Pers.). J Sep Sci 2016; 40:472-479. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoyan Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou P. R. China
| | - Linwu Zhuang
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou P. R. China
| | - Dandan Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou P. R. China
| | - Chunliang Lu
- Testing Center; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou P. R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering; Yangzhou University; Yangzhou P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tashakori-Sabzevar F, Razavi BM, Imenshahidi M, Daneshmandi M, Fatehi H, Entezari Sarkarizi Y, Mohajeri SA. Evaluation of mechanism for antihypertensive and vasorelaxant effects of hexanic and hydroalcoholic extracts of celery seed in normotensive and hypertensive rats. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
43
|
Xianfanghuomingyin, a Chinese Compound Medicine, Modulates the Proliferation and Differentiation of T Lymphocyte in a Collagen-Induced Arthritis Mouse Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:6356871. [PMID: 27656238 PMCID: PMC5021507 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6356871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), xianfanghuomingyin (XFHM) is used to treat autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we studied the mechanisms underlying its treatment effects, especially its anti-inflammatory effects in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse model. We found that cartilage destruction and pannus formation were alleviated by treatment with XFHM. The abnormal differentiation of Th1 and Th17 cells was downregulated significantly by XFHM, and Th2 and Treg cells were upregulated. Moreover, the expression levels of specific cytokines and transcription factors related to Th1 cells (interferon γ [IFNγ], T-bet) and Th17 cells (interleukin- [IL-] 17) and the nuclear receptor retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor-gamma (RORγ) were downregulated. Serum IL-4 and GATA-3, which contribute to Th2 cells differentiation, increased significantly after XFHM administration. These results indicate that XFHM can restore the balance of T lymphocytes and reestablish the immunological tolerance to inhibit autoinflammatory disorder of RA. Taken together, XFHM can be used as a complementary or alternative traditional medicine to treat RA.
Collapse
|
44
|
Shi YS, Liu YB, Ma SG, Li Y, Qu J, Li L, Yuan SP, Hou Q, Li YH, Jiang JD, Yu SS. Bioactive Sesquiterpenes and Lignans from the Fruits of Xanthium sibiricum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:1526-1535. [PMID: 26110443 DOI: 10.1021/np500951s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Seven new sesquiterpenes (1, 3-8), a new sesquiterpene natural product (2), and two new lignans (9 and 10), together with 15 known compounds, were isolated from the fruits of Xanthium sibiricum. The structures of the new compounds were established by NMR spectroscopic analysis, ECD calculations, and Mo2(OAc)4-induced circular dichroism, with the structures of 1 and 4 confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 is the first example of a 3/5/6/5 tetracyclic eudesmane sesquiterpene lactone formed at C-6 and C-7. In turn, compound 4 is the first example of a natural xanthane tetranorsesquiterpene, while compounds 5-8 are the first xanthane trinorsesquiterpenes found to date. Compounds 8, 11-15, 17, and 24 exhibited indirect anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory factors in BV2 microglial cells, with IC50 values between 1.6 and 8.5 μM. Furthermore, compounds 13 and 17 exhibited anti-inflammatory activity against ear edema in mice produced by croton oil, with inhibition rates of 46.9% and 37.7%, respectively. Compounds 8, 11, 12, 23, and 24 exhibited potent activity against influenza A virus (A/FM/1/47, H1N1) with IC50 values between 3.7 and 8.4 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Shi
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, and ‡Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Bao Liu
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, and ‡Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Gang Ma
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, and ‡Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Li
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, and ‡Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Qu
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, and ‡Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, and ‡Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Shao-Peng Yuan
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, and ‡Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Hou
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, and ‡Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Huan Li
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, and ‡Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, and ‡Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Shan Yu
- †State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, and ‡Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Metabolites Produced by the Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus fumigatus from the Stem of Erythrophloeum fordii Oliv. Molecules 2015; 20:10793-9. [PMID: 26111169 PMCID: PMC6272661 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200610793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A new diketopiperazine alkaloid named spirotryprostatin K (1), and five known alkaloids, spiro[5H,10H-dipyrrolo[1,2-a:1',2'-d]pyrazine-2(3H),2'-[2H]-indole]-3',5,10(1'H) trione (2), 6-methoxyspirotryprostatin B (3), pseurotin A (4), N-β-acetyltryptamine (5), and lumichrome (6) were isolated from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. The structure and the absolute configuration of spirotryprostatin K were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses, acid hydrolysis and ECD calculations. Pseurotin A exhibited indirect anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory factors in BV2 microglial cells, with an IC50 of 5.20 µM.
Collapse
|
46
|
|
47
|
Powanda MC, Whitehouse MW, Rainsford KD. Celery Seed and Related Extracts with Antiarthritic, Antiulcer, and Antimicrobial Activities. PROGRESS IN DRUG RESEARCH. FORTSCHRITTE DER ARZNEIMITTELFORSCHUNG. PROGRES DES RECHERCHES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2015; 70:133-53. [PMID: 26462366 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-0927-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Celery preparations have been used extensively for several millennia as natural therapies for acute and chronic painful or inflammatory conditions. This chapter reviews some of the biological and chemical properties of various celery preparations that have been used as natural remedies. Many of these have varying activities and product qualities. A fully standardized celery preparation has been prepared known as an alcoholic extract of the seeds of a plant source derived from northern India. This is termed, Celery Seed Extract (CSE) and has been found to be at least as effective as aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen in suppressing arthritis in a model of polyarthritis. CSE can also reduce existing inflammation in rats. CSE has also been shown to provide analgesia in two model systems. CSE, in addition to acting as an analgesic and inflammatory agent, has been shown to protect against and/or reduce gastric irritation caused by NSAIDs, as well as act synergistically with them to reduce inflammation. The CSE was fractionated by organic solvent extractions, then subjected to column chromatography followed by HPLC and was characterized by mass spectrometry. This yielded a purified component that had specific inhibitory effects on Helicobacter pylori but was not active against Campylobacter jejuni or Escherichia coli. Additionally, toxicology studies did not reveal any clear signs of toxicity at doses relevant to human use. Also, unlike many dietary supplements, the available data suggest that CSE does not significantly affect the p450 enzyme systems and thus is less likely to alter the metabolism of drugs the individual may be taking. CSE may be a prototype of a natural product that can be used therapeutically to treat arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
|
48
|
Sreekeesoon DP, Mahomoodally MF. Ethnopharmacological analysis of medicinal plants and animals used in the treatment and management of pain in Mauritius. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 157:181-200. [PMID: 25261690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Revised: 08/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pain is a multi-faceted and multi-factorial condition which is challenging to manage and treat. Conventional therapies such as analgesics, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and corticosteroids amongst others have been successful to some extent in its management and treatment. Nonetheless, such therapies tend to be accompanied by undesirable effects and have a limited therapeutic range. Consequently, there is a pressing need to probe for novel analgesic and anti-nociceptive drugs from traditional medicines (TM). This study was designed to record, document and analyze herbal and animal-based therapies used for the management and treatment of pain in the tropical of Mauritius. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was collected via face-to-face interviews with TM users (n=332) and practitioners (n=20). Seven quantitative ethnopharmacological indexes, namely family use value (FUV), use value (UV), informant agreement ratio (IAR), relative frequency of citation (RFC), fidelity level (FL), relative importance (RI) and ethnobotanicity index (EI) were calculated. RESULTS A total of 79 plant species distributed within 40 families and 20 polyherbal preparations was recorded. Interestingly, 6 indigenous/endemic plants have been reported for the first time to be in common use for pain management and treatment in Mauritius. The most significant biologically important plant family was Xanthorrhoeaceae with highest FUV. The species which ranked highest according to its UV was Morinda citrifolia L. Morinda citrifolia L. and Ricinus communis L. also scored the highest RFC. The IAR values for the disease categories were high (0.95-0.97). Based on EI, plants species which are known to be useful in TM accounted for 11.5% of the total flora in Mauritius. Coix lacryma-jobi L. (FL=100%) had highest FL for lower back ache. Morinda citrifolia L. scored highest on most of the quantitative indices calculated including RI, which is endorsed by extensive documentation on its versatility and particularly its anti-nociceptive properties. Seven animal species were recorded to be in common use. CONCLUSION The present ethnopharmacological study revealed a panoply of TM to be in common use for pain management and treatment in Mauritius. This study has documented for the first time medicinal plants and animal species with potential analgesic and/or anti-nociceptive properties. This study has therefore provided important baseline primary data for the discovery of new lead molecules for drug development geared towards pain management and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Priyamka Sreekeesoon
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius
| | - M Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, 230 Réduit, Mauritius.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kooti W, Mansouri E, Ghasemiboroon M, Harizi M, Ashtary-Larky D, Afrisham R. The Effects of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Apium graveolens Leaf on the Number of Sexual Cells and Testicular Structure in Rat. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2014; 9:e17532. [PMID: 25625050 PMCID: PMC4302398 DOI: 10.17795/jjnpp-17532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Use of medicinal plants with high antioxidant properties could be effective to increase fertility and improvement of disorders such as hormonal imbalance, impotency, oligospermia and immotile sperm. Celery (Apium graveolens) is rich in antioxidant agents. The leaf and stems of celery contain phenols, furanocoumarin and luteolin. Apigenin is one of the main flavonoids of celery leaf. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of celery on histological properties of testis and number of sexual cells in male rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of eight rats each. Control, did not receive any medication; sham, received normal saline; and two groups received celery extract orally in dosages of 100 and 200 mg/kg/BW once every two days for 60 days. At the end, animals were anesthetized, and caudal part of the right epididymis was used for sperm counting. After fixation of testis, tissue sections were prepared and studied microscopically to evaluate morphometric (lumen diameter, number of primary spermatocyte and sertoli cell) and histological changes. Data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA test using SPSS15 software. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: There was a significant increase in the number of sperms, sertoli cells, and primary spermatocyte (P < 0.05) in groups receiving extract; however, structural changes were not observed in the groups. Conclusions: It seems that celery increases spermatogenesis in male rats, but has no destructive effects on testicular tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Kooti
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, IR Iran ; Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, IR Iran
| | - Esrafil Mansouri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Maryam Ghasemiboroon
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Mahmoud Harizi
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran ; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| | - Reza Afrisham
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Garai P, Gogoi M, Gopal G, Radhakrishnan Y, Nandakumar KS, Chakravortty D. The basics and advances of immunomodulators and antigen presentation: a key to development of potent memory response against pathogens. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2014; 14:1383-97. [PMID: 24897303 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2014.925871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunomodulators are agents, which can modulate the immune response to specific antigens, while causing least toxicity to the host system. Being part of the modern vaccine formulations, these compounds have contributed remarkably to the field of therapeutics. Despite the successful record maintained by these agents, the requirement of novel immunomodulators keeps increasing due to the increasing severity of diseases. Hence, research regarding the same holds great importance. AREAS COVERED In this review, we discuss the role of immunomodulators in improving performance of various vaccines used for counteracting most threatening infectious diseases, mechanisms behind their action and criteria for development of novel immunomodulators. EXPERT OPINION Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying immune response is a prerequisite for development of effective therapeutics as these are often exploited by pathogens for their own propagation. Keeping this in mind, the present research in the field of immunotherapy focuses on developing immunomodulators that would not only enhance the protection against pathogen, but also generate a long-term memory response. With the introduction of advanced formulations including combination of different kinds of immunomodulators, one can expect tremendous success in near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Garai
- Indian Institute of Science, Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology , Bangalore, 560012 , India +91 80 2293 2842 ; +91 80 2360 2697 ;
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|