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Liao Z, Umar M, Huang X, Qin L, Xiao G, Chen Y, Tong L, Chen D. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1: A potential therapeutic target for the treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13569. [PMID: 37994506 PMCID: PMC10905355 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine the molecular mechanisms and analgesic effects of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in the treatments of osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We summarize and analyse current studies regarding the biological functions and mechanisms of TRPV1 in arthritis. We search and analyse the related literature in Google Scholar, Web of Science and PubMed databases from inception to September 2023 through the multi-combination of keywords like 'TRPV1', 'ion channel', 'osteoarthritis', 'rheumatoid arthritis' and 'pain'. TRPV1 plays a crucial role in regulating downstream gene expression and maintaining cellular function and homeostasis, especially in chondrocytes, synovial fibroblasts, macrophages and osteoclasts. In addition, TRPV1 is located in sensory nerve endings and plays an important role in nerve sensitization, defunctionalization or central sensitization. TRPV1 is a non-selective cation channel protein. Extensive evidence in recent years has established the significant involvement of TRPV1 in the development of arthritis pain and inflammation, positioning it as a promising therapeutic target for arthritis. TRPV1 likely represents a feasible therapeutic target for the treatment of OA and RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Liao
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgerythe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
- Research Center for Computer‐aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyShenzhenChina
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co‐constructed by the Province and MinistryGuangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Muhammad Umar
- Research Center for Computer‐aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyShenzhenChina
| | - Xingyun Huang
- Research Center for Computer‐aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyShenzhenChina
| | - Ling Qin
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory of Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology and Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial & Drug Translational Research LaboratoryLi Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Guozhi Xiao
- School of MedicineSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgerythe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Liping Tong
- Research Center for Computer‐aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Di Chen
- Research Center for Computer‐aided Drug Discovery, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyShenzhenChina
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Baskaran P, Mohandass A, Gustafson N, Bennis J, Louis S, Alexander B, Nemenov MI, Thyagarajan B, Premkumar LS. Evaluation of a polymer-coated nanoparticle cream formulation of resiniferatoxin for the treatment of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Pain 2023; 164:782-790. [PMID: 36001079 PMCID: PMC9950295 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) is one of the major complications of diabetes. Currently, centrally acting drugs and topical analgesics are used for treating PDPN. These drugs have adverse effects; some are ineffective, and treatment with opioids is associated with use dependence and addiction. Recent research indicates that transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) expressed in the peripheral sensory nerve terminals is an emerging target to treat pain associated with PDPN. Block of TRPV1 ion channel with specific antagonists, although effective as an analgesic, induced hyperthermia in clinical trials. However, TRPV1 agonists are useful to treat pain by virtue of their ability to cause Ca 2+ influx and subsequently leading to nerve terminal desensitization. Here, we report the effectiveness of an ultrapotent TRPV1 agonist, resiniferatoxin (RTX) nanoparticle, in a topical formulation (RTX-cream; RESINIZIN) that alleviates pain associated with DPN in animal models of diabetes. Resiniferatoxin causes nerve terminal depolarization block in the short term, which prevents pain during application and leading to nerve terminal desensitization/depletion in the long term resulting in long-lasting pain relief. Application of RTX cream to the hind limbs suppresses thermal hyperalgesia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and mini pigs without any adverse effects as compared with capsaicin at therapeutic doses, which induces intense pain during application. Resiniferatoxin cream also decreases the expression of TRPV1 in the peripheral nerve endings and suppresses TRPV1-mediated calcitonin gene-related peptide release in the skin samples of diabetic rats and mini pigs. Our preclinical data confirm that RTX topical formulation is an effective treatment option for PDPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmamalini Baskaran
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
- Ion Channel, Pharmacology LLC, Springfield, IL, USA
| | | | - Noah Gustafson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Jane Bennis
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Somaja Louis
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL
| | | | - Mikhail I. Nemenov
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- LasMed LLC, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - Louis S. Premkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL
- Ion Channel, Pharmacology LLC, Springfield, IL, USA
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3
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Iadarola MJ, Brown DC, Nahama A, Sapio MR, Mannes AJ. Pain Treatment in the Companion Canine Model to Validate Rodent Results and Incentivize the Transition to Human Clinical Trials. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:705743. [PMID: 34421597 PMCID: PMC8375595 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.705743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the biggest challenges for analgesic drug development is how to decide if a potential analgesic candidate will work in humans. What preclinical data are the most convincing, incentivizing and most predictive of success? Such a predicament is not unique to analgesics, and the pain field has certain advantages over drug development efforts in areas like neuropsychiatry where the etiological origins are either unknown or difficult to ascertain. For pain, the origin of the problem frequently is known, and the causative peripheral tissue insult might be observable. The main conundrum centers around evaluation of translational cell- and rodent-based results. While cell and rodent models are undeniably important first steps for screening, probing mechanism of action, and understanding factors of adsorption, distribution metabolism and excretion, two questions arise from such studies. First, are they reliable indicators of analgesic performance of a candidate drug in human acute and chronic pain? Second, what additional model systems might be capable of increasing translational confidence? We address this second question by assessing, primarily, the companion canine model, which can provide particularly strong predictive information for candidate analgesic agents in humans. This statement is mainly derived from our studies with resiniferatoxin (RTX) a potent TRPV1 agonist but also from protein therapeutics using a conjugate of Substance P and saporin. Our experience, to date, is that rodent models might be very well suited for acute pain translation, but companion canine models, and other large animal studies, can augment initial discovery research using rodent models for neuropathic or chronic pain. The larger animal models also provide strong translational predictive capacity for analgesic performance in humans, better predict dosing parameters for human trials and provide insight into behavior changes (bladder, bowel, mood, etc.) that are not readily assessed in laboratory animals. They are, however, not without problems that can be encountered with any experimental drug treatment or clinical trial. It also is important to recognize that pain treatment is a major veterinary concern and is an intrinsically worthwhile endeavor for animals as well as humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Iadarola
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | | | - Matthew R Sapio
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Andrew J Mannes
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Camargo LL, Denadai-Souza A, Yshii LM, Lima C, Teixeira SA, Cerqueira ARA, Gewehr MCF, Fernandes ES, Schenka AA, Muscará MN, Ferro ES, Costa SKP. The potential anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects of rat hemopressin (PVNFKFLSH) in experimental arthritis. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 890:173636. [PMID: 33053380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), stands out as one of the main sources of pain and impairment to the quality of life. The use of hemopressin (PVNFKFLSH; Hp), an inverse agonist of type 1 cannabinoid receptor, has proven to be effective in producing analgesia in pain models, but its effect on neuro-inflammatory aspects of RA is limited. In this study, antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) was evoked by the intraarticular (i.art.) injection of methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA) in male Sprague Dawley rats. Phosphate buffered saline (PBS)-injected ipsilateral knee joints or AIA contralateral were used as control. Nociceptive and inflammatory parameters such as knee joint oedema and leukocyte influx and histopathological changes were carried out in addition to the local measurement of interleukins (IL) IL-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α and the immunoreactivity of the neuropeptides substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) in the spinal cord (lumbar L3-5 segments) of AIA rats. For 4 days, AIA rats were treated daily with a single administration of saline, Hp injected (10 or 20 μg/day, i.art.), Hp given orally (20 μg/Kg, p.o.) or indomethacin (Indo; 5 mg/Kg, i.p.). In comparison to the PBS control group, the induction of AIA produced a significant and progressive mono-arthritis condition. The degree of AIA severity progressively compromised the normal walking pattern and impaired mobility over the next four days in relation to PBS-injected rats or contralateral knee joints. In AIA rats, the reduction of the distance between footprints and disturbances of gait evidenced signs of nociception. This response worsened at day 4, and a loss of footprint from the ipsilateral hind paw was evident. Daily treatment of the animals with Hp either i.art. (10 and 20 μg/knee) or p.o. (20 μg/Kg) as well as Indo (5 mg/Kg, i.p.) ameliorated the impaired mobility in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). In parallel, the AIA-injected ipsilateral knee joints reach a peak of swelling 24 h after AIA induction, which persisted over the next four days in relation to PBS-injected rats or contralateral knee joints. There was a significant but not dose-dependent inhibitory effect produced by all dosages and routes of Hp treatments on AIA-induced knee joint swelling (P < 0.05). In addition, the increased synovial levels of MPO activity, total leukocytes number and IL-6, but not IL-1β, were significantly reduced by the lower i.art. dose of Hp. In conclusion, these results successfully demonstrate that Hp may represent a novel therapeutic strategy to treat RA, an effect which is unrelated to the proinflammatory actions of the neuropeptides CGRP and SP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia L Camargo
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICB-I), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Denadai-Souza
- INSERM UMR U1043 - CNRS U5282, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Toulouse, 31300, France; KU Leuven, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, Laboratory for Intestinal Neuroimmune Interactions, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICB-I), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Lidia M Yshii
- INSERM UMR U1043 - CNRS U5282, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Toulouse, 31300, France; VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research and KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICB-I), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla Lima
- Special Laboratory of Applied Toxicology (CAT/CEPID), Butantan Institute, Avenue Vital Brazil, 1500, Butantan, 05503-009, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone A Teixeira
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICB-I), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson R A Cerqueira
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICB-I), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Mayara C F Gewehr
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICB-I), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth S Fernandes
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, 80250-060, PR, Brazil; Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia Aplicada à Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Curitiba, 80230-020, PR, Brazil
| | - André A Schenka
- Faculty of Medical Sciences- Department of Pharmacology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo N Muscará
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICB-I), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Emer S Ferro
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICB-I), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-900, SP, Brazil; Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Soraia K P Costa
- Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Sciences Institute (ICB-I), University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-900, SP, Brazil.
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Fight fire with fire: Neurobiology of capsaicin-induced analgesia for chronic pain. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 220:107743. [PMID: 33181192 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Capsaicin, the pungent ingredient in chili peppers, produces intense burning pain in humans. Capsaicin selectively activates the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), which is enriched in nociceptive primary afferents, and underpins the mechanism for capsaicin-induced burning pain. Paradoxically, capsaicin has long been used as an analgesic. The development of topical patches and injectable formulations containing capsaicin has led to application in clinical settings to treat chronic pain conditions, such as neuropathic pain and the potential to treat osteoarthritis. More detailed determination of the neurobiological mechanisms of capsaicin-induced analgesia should provide the logical rationale for capsaicin therapy and help to overcome the treatment's limitations, which include individual differences in treatment outcome and procedural discomfort. Low concentrations of capsaicin induce short-term defunctionalization of nociceptor terminals. This phenomenon is reversible within hours and, hence, likely does not account for the clinical benefit. By contrast, high concentrations of capsaicin lead to long-term defunctionalization mediated by the ablation of TRPV1-expressing afferent terminals, resulting in long-lasting analgesia persisting for several months. Recent studies have shown that capsaicin-induced Ca2+/calpain-mediated ablation of axonal terminals is necessary to produce long-lasting analgesia in a mouse model of neuropathic pain. In combination with calpain, axonal mitochondrial dysfunction and microtubule disorganization may also contribute to the longer-term effects of capsaicin. The analgesic effects subside over time in association with the regeneration of the ablated afferent terminals. Further determination of the neurobiological mechanisms of capsaicin-induced analgesia should lead to more efficacious non-opioidergic analgesic options with fewer adverse side effects.
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Abstract
The transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) is a non-specific cation channel known for its sensitivity to pungent vanilloid compound (i.e. capsaicin) and noxious stimuli, including heat, low pH or inflammatory mediators. TRPV1 is found in the somatosensory system, particularly primary afferent neurons that respond to damaging or potentially damaging stimuli (nociceptors). Stimulation of TRPV1 evokes a burning sensation, reflecting a central role of the channel in pain. Pharmacological and genetic studies have validated TRPV1 as a therapeutic target in several preclinical models of chronic pain, including cancer, neuropathic, postoperative and musculoskeletal pain. While antagonists of TRPV1 were found to be a valuable addition to the pain therapeutic toolbox, their clinical use has been limited by detrimental side effects, such as hyperthermia. In contrast, capsaicin induces a prolonged defunctionalisation of nociceptors and thus opened the door to the development of a new class of therapeutics with long-lasting pain-relieving effects. Here we review the list of TRPV1 agonists undergoing clinical trials for chronic pain management, and discuss new indications, formulations or combination therapies being explored for capsaicin. While the analgesic pharmacopeia for chronic pain patients is ancient and poorly effective, modern TRPV1-targeted drugs could rapidly become available as the next generation of analgesics for a broad spectrum of pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mircea Iftinca
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Manon Defaye
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Christophe Altier
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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7
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Long-term pain relief in canine osteoarthritis by a single intra-articular injection of resiniferatoxin, a potent TRPV1 agonist. Pain 2019; 159:2105-2114. [PMID: 30015705 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The translational potential of analgesic approaches emerging from basic research can be augmented by client-owned dog trials. We report on a peripheral interventional approach that uses intra-articular injection of the ultrapotent TRPV1 agonist resiniferatoxin (RTX) to produce a selective long-term chemoinactivation of nociceptive primary afferent nerve endings for pain control in naturally occurring canine osteoarthritis. A single injection of 10 µg of RTX, produced suppression of pain, improvement in gait, weight bearing, and improvement in the dog's activities of daily living lasting 4 months or longer. Two to 3 years after the injection, there are no alterations to suggest that removal of inflammatory pain caused accelerated joint degeneration (Charcot joint) in any of the dogs. To amplify the effective use of canine subjects in translational analgesia research, we report a high-quality canine dorsal root ganglion transcriptome. Some targets for analgesia are highly conserved both in protein sequence and level of expression within a target tissue while others diverge substantially from the human. This knowledge is especially important for development of analgesics aimed at peripheral molecular targets and provides a template for informed translational research. The peripheral site of action, long duration of analgesia, apparent safety, and retention of coordination, all resulting from a single dose suggest that intra-articular RTX may be an effective intervention for osteoarthritis pain with few or no side effects and lead to an improved quality of life.
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8
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Complex Role of Capsaicin-Sensitive Afferents in the Collagen Antibody-Induced Autoimmune Arthritis of the Mouse. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15916. [PMID: 30374145 PMCID: PMC6206070 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin-sensitive afferents have complex regulatory functions in the joints orchestrated via neuropeptides. This study aimed to determine their role in the collagen-antibody induced rheumatoid arthritis model. Capsaicin-sensitive nerves were defunctionalized by the capsaicin receptor agonist resiniferatoxin in C57Bl/6 mice. Arthritis was induced by the ArithroMab antibody cocktail and adjuvant. Arthritis was monitored by measuring body weight, joint edema by plethysmometry, arthritis severity by clinical scoring, mechanonociceptive threshold by plantar esthesiometry, thermonociceptive threshold by hot plate, cold tolerance by paw withdrawal latency from 0 °C water. Grasping ability was determined by the wire-grid grip test. Bone structure was evaluated by in vivo micro-CT and histology. Arthritic animals developed a modest joint edema, mechanical and cold hyperalgesia, weight loss, and a diminished grasping function, while thermal hyperalgesia is absent in the model. Desensitised mice displayed reduced arthritis severity, edema, and mechanical hyperalgesia, however, cold hyperalgesia was significantly greater in this group. Arthritic controls displayed a transient decrease of bone volume and an increased porosity, while bone density and trabecularity increased in desensitised mice. The activation of capsaicin-sensitive afferents increases joint inflammation and mechanical hyperalgesia, but decreases cold allodynia. It also affects inflammatory bone structural changes by promoting bone resorption.
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9
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Galindo T, Reyna J, Weyer A. Evidence for Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Channel Contribution to Arthritis Pain and Pathogenesis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:E105. [PMID: 30326593 PMCID: PMC6315622 DOI: 10.3390/ph11040105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on clinical and preclinical evidence, Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels have emerged as potential drug targets for the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout. This review summarizes the relevant data supporting a role for various TRP channels in arthritis pain and pathogenesis, as well as the current state of pharmacological efforts to ameliorate arthritis symptoms in patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabitha Galindo
- School of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR 97116, USA.
| | - Jose Reyna
- School of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR 97116, USA.
| | - Andy Weyer
- Biological Sciences Department, City College of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94112, USA.
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Sapio MR, Neubert JK, LaPaglia DM, Maric D, Keller JM, Raithel SJ, Rohrs EL, Anderson EM, Butman JA, Caudle RM, Brown DC, Heiss JD, Mannes AJ, Iadarola MJ. Pain control through selective chemo-axotomy of centrally projecting TRPV1+ sensory neurons. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:1657-1670. [PMID: 29408808 DOI: 10.1172/jci94331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Agonists of the vanilloid receptor transient vanilloid potential 1 (TRPV1) are emerging as highly efficacious nonopioid analgesics in preclinical studies. These drugs selectively lesion TRPV1+ primary sensory afferents, which are responsible for the transmission of many noxious stimulus modalities. Resiniferatoxin (RTX) is a very potent and selective TRPV1 agonist and is a promising candidate for treating many types of pain. Recent work establishing intrathecal application of RTX for the treatment of pain resulting from advanced cancer has demonstrated profound analgesia in client-owned dogs with osteosarcoma. The present study uses transcriptomics and histochemistry to examine the molecular mechanism of RTX action in rats, in clinical canine subjects, and in 1 human subject with advanced cancer treated for pain using intrathecal RTX. In all 3 species, we observe a strong analgesic action, yet this was accompanied by limited transcriptional alterations at the level of the dorsal root ganglion. Functional and neuroanatomical studies demonstrated that intrathecal RTX largely spares susceptible neuronal perikarya, which remain active peripherally but unable to transmit signals to the spinal cord. The results demonstrate that central chemo-axotomy of the TRPV1+ afferents underlies RTX analgesia and refine the neurobiology underlying effective clinical use of TRPV1 agonists for pain control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Sapio
- Clinical Center, Department of Perioperative Medicine, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - John K Neubert
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Danielle M LaPaglia
- Clinical Center, Department of Perioperative Medicine, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Dragan Maric
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, NIH, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jason M Keller
- Clinical Center, Department of Perioperative Medicine, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stephen J Raithel
- Clinical Center, Department of Perioperative Medicine, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Eric L Rohrs
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ethan M Anderson
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - John A Butman
- Clinical Center, Radiology and Imaging Services, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Robert M Caudle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Dorothy C Brown
- Veterinary Clinical Investigations Center, University of Pennsylvania, School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John D Heiss
- Surgical Neurology Branch, NIH, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew J Mannes
- Clinical Center, Department of Perioperative Medicine, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael J Iadarola
- Clinical Center, Department of Perioperative Medicine, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Wang S, Lim J, Joseph J, Wang S, Wei F, Ro JY, Chung MK. Spontaneous and Bite-Evoked Muscle Pain Are Mediated by a Common Nociceptive Pathway With Differential Contribution by TRPV1. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2017; 18:1333-1345. [PMID: 28669862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous pain and function-associated pain are prevalent symptoms of multiple acute and chronic muscle pathologies. We established mouse models for evaluating spontaneous pain and bite-evoked pain from masseter muscle, and determined the roles of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) and the contribution of TRPV1- or neurokinin 1 (NK1)-dependent nociceptive pathways. Masseter muscle inflammation increased Mouse Grimace Scale scores and face-wiping behavior, which were attenuated by pharmacological or genetic inhibition of TRPV1. Masseter inflammation led to a significant reduction in bite force. Inhibition of TRPV1 only marginally relieved the inflammation-induced reduction of bite force. These results suggest a differential extent of contribution of TRPV1 to the 2 types of muscle pain. However, chemical ablation of TRPV1-expressing nociceptors or chemogenetic silencing of TRPV1-lineage nerve terminals in masseter muscle attenuated inflammation-induced changes in Mouse Grimace Scale scores as well as bite force. Furthermore, ablation of neurons expressing NK1 receptor in trigeminal subnucleus caudalis also prevented both types of muscle pain. Our results suggest that TRPV1 differentially contributes to spontaneous pain and bite-evoked muscle pain, but TRPV1-expressing afferents and NK1-expressing second-order neurons commonly mediate both types of muscle pain. Therefore, manipulation of the nociceptive circuit may provide a novel approach for management of acute or chronic craniofacial muscle pain. PERSPECTIVE We report the profound contribution of TRPV1 to spontaneous muscle pain but not to bite-evoked muscle pain. These 2 types of muscle pain are transmitted through a common nociceptive pathway. These results may help to develop new strategies to manage multiple modes of muscle pain simultaneously by manipulating pain circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, Program in Neuroscience, Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jongseuk Lim
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, Program in Neuroscience, Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John Joseph
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, Program in Neuroscience, Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sen Wang
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, Program in Neuroscience, Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, Program in Neuroscience, Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jin Y Ro
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, Program in Neuroscience, Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Man-Kyo Chung
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, Program in Neuroscience, Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland.
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12
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Pecze L, Viskolcz B, Oláh Z. Molecular Surgery Concept from Bench to Bedside: A Focus on TRPV1+ Pain-Sensing Neurons. Front Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28626428 PMCID: PMC5455100 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
"Molecular neurosurgery" is emerging as a new medical concept, and is the combination of two partners: (i) a molecular neurosurgery agent, and (ii) the cognate receptor whose activation results in the selective elimination of a specific subset of neurons in which this receptor is endogenously expressed. In general, a molecular surgery agent is a selective and potent ligand, and the target is a specific cell type whose elimination is desired through the molecular surgery procedure. These target cells have the highest innate sensitivity to the molecular surgery agent usually due to the highest receptor density being in their plasma membrane. The interaction between the ligand and its receptor evokes an overactivity of the receptor. If the receptor is a ligand-activated non-selective cation channel, the overactivity of receptor leads to excess Ca2+ and Na+ influx into the cell and finally cell death. One of the best known examples of such an interaction is the effect of ultrapotent vanilloids on TRPV1-expressing pain-sensing neurons. One intrathecal resiniferatoxin (RTX) dose allows for the receptor-mediated removal of TRPV1+ neurons from the peripheral nervous system. The TRPV1 receptor-mediated ion influx induces necrotic processes, but only in pain-sensing neurons, and usually within an hour. Besides that, target-specific apoptotic processes are also induced. Thus, as a nano-surgery scalpel, RTX removes the neurons responsible for generating pain and inflammation from the peripheral nervous system providing an option in clinical management for the treatment of morphine-insensitive pain conditions. In the future, the molecular surgery concept can also be exploited in cancer research for selectively targeting the specific tumor cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Pecze
- Unit of Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University of FribourgFribourg, Switzerland
| | - Béla Viskolcz
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University of MiskolcMiskolc, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Oláh
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University of MiskolcMiskolc, Hungary.,Acheuron Ltd.Szeged, Hungary
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Pharmacological inhibition of FAAH modulates TLR-induced neuroinflammation, but not sickness behaviour: An effect partially mediated by central TRPV1. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 62:318-331. [PMID: 28237711 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs), key components of the innate immune system, has been proposed to underlie and exacerbate a range of central nervous system disorders. Increasing evidence supports a role for the endocannabinoid system in modulating inflammatory responses including those mediated by TLRs, and thus this system may provide an important treatment target for neuroinflammatory disorders. However, the effect of modulating endocannabinoid tone on TLR-induced neuroinflammation in vivo and associated behavioural changes is largely unknown. The present study examined the effect of inhibiting fatty acid amide hydrolyase (FAAH), the primary enzyme responsible for the metabolism of anandamide (AEA), in vivo on TLR4-induced neuroimmune and behavioural responses, and evaluated sites and mechanisms of action. Systemic administration of the FAAH inhibitor PF3845 increased levels of AEA, and related FAAH substrates N-oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and N-palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of rats, an effect associated with an attenuation in the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and mediators measured 2hrs following systemic administration of the TLR4 agonist, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). These effects were mimicked by central i.c.v. administration of PF3845, but not systemic administration of the peripherally-restricted FAAH inhibitor URB937. Central antagonism of TRPV1 significantly attenuated the PF3845-induced decrease in IL-6 expression, effects not observed following antagonism of CB1, CB2, PPARα, PPARγ or GPR55. LPS-induced a robust sickness-like behavioural response and increased the expression of markers of glial activity and pro-inflammatory cytokines over 24hrs. Systemic administration of PF3845 modulated the TLR4-induced expression of neuroimmune mediators and anhedonia without altering acute sickness behaviour. Overall, these findings support an important role for FAAH substrates directly within the brain in the regulation of TLR4-associated neuroinflammation and highlight a role for TRPV1 in partially mediating these effects.
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Chung MK, Campbell JN. Use of Capsaicin to Treat Pain: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Considerations. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2016; 9:ph9040066. [PMID: 27809268 PMCID: PMC5198041 DOI: 10.3390/ph9040066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin is the pungent ingredient of chili peppers and is approved as a topical treatment of neuropathic pain. The analgesia lasts for several months after a single treatment. Capsaicin selectively activates TRPV1, a Ca2+-permeable cationic ion channel that is enriched in the terminals of certain nociceptors. Activation is followed by a prolonged decreased response to noxious stimuli. Interest also exists in the use of injectable capsaicin as a treatment for focal pain conditions, such as arthritis and other musculoskeletal conditions. Recently injection of capsaicin showed therapeutic efficacy in patients with Morton’s neuroma, a painful foot condition associated with compression of one of the digital nerves. The relief of pain was associated with no change in tactile sensibility. Though injection evokes short term pain, the brief systemic exposure and potential to establish long term analgesia without other sensory changes creates an attractive clinical profile. Short-term and long-term effects arise from both functional and structural changes in nociceptive terminals. In this review, we discuss how local administration of capsaicin may induce ablation of nociceptive terminals and the clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Kyo Chung
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, University of Maryland, School of Dentistry, Program in Neuroscience, Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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15
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Abdullah M, Mahowald ML, Frizelle SP, Dorman CW, Funkenbusch SC, Krug HE. The effect of intra-articular vanilloid receptor agonists on pain behavior measures in a murine model of acute monoarthritis. J Pain Res 2016; 9:563-70. [PMID: 27574462 PMCID: PMC4993562 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s107385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthritis is the most common cause of disability in the US, and the primary manifestation of arthritis is joint pain that leads to progressive physical limitation, disability, morbidity, and increased health care utilization. Capsaicin (CAP) is a vanilloid agonist that causes substance P depletion by interacting with vanilloid receptor transient receptor potential V1 on small unmyelinated C fibers. It has been used topically for analgesia in osteoarthritis with variable success. Resiniferatoxin (RTX) is an ultra potent CAP analog. The aim of this study was to measure the analgesic effects of intra-articular (IA) administration of CAP and RTX in experimental acute inflammatory arthritis in mice. Evoked pain score (EPS) and a dynamic weight bearing (DWB) device were used to measure nociceptive behaviors in a murine model of acute inflammatory monoarthritis. A total of 56 C57B16 male mice underwent EPS and DWB testing – 24 nonarthritic controls and 32 mice with carrageenan-induced arthritis. The effects of pretreatment with 0.1% CAP, 0.0003% RTX, or 0.001% RTX were measured. Nociception was reproducibly demonstrated by increased EPS and reduced DWB measures in the affected limb of arthritic mice. Pretreatment with 0.001% RTX resulted in statistically significant improvement in EPS and DWB measures when compared with those observed in carrageenan-induced arthritis animals. Pretreatment with IA 0.0003% RTX and IA 0.01% CAP resulted in improvement in some but not all of these measures. The remaining 24 mice underwent evaluation following treatment with 0.1% CAP, 0.0003% RTX, or 0.001% RTX, and the results obtained were similar to that of naïve, nonarthritic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mishal Abdullah
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Fellowship Training Program, University of Minnesota Medical School
| | - Maren L Mahowald
- Department of Medicine, Minneapolis Veterans' Affairs Health Care System
| | - Sandra P Frizelle
- Department of Medicine, Minneapolis Veterans' Affairs Health Care System
| | | | | | - Hollis E Krug
- Department of Medicine, Minneapolis Veterans' Affairs Health Care System; Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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16
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Borbély É, Sándor K, Markovics A, Kemény Á, Pintér E, Szolcsányi J, Quinn JP, McDougall JJ, Helyes Z. Role of capsaicin-sensitive nerves and tachykinins in mast cell tryptase-induced inflammation of murine knees. Inflamm Res 2016; 65:725-36. [PMID: 27251170 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-016-0954-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE, DESIGN Mast cell tryptase (MCT) is elevated in arthritic joints, but its direct effects are not known. Here, we investigated MCT-evoked acute inflammatory and nociceptive mechanisms with behavioural, in vivo imaging and immunological techniques. MATERIAL AND SUBJECTS Neurogenic inflammation involving capsaicin-sensitive afferents, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptor (TRPV1), substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA) and their NK1 tachykinin receptor were studied using gene-deleted mice compared to C57Bl/6 wildtypes (n = 5-8/group). TREATMENT MCT was administered intraarticularly or topically (20 μl, 12 μg/ml). Capsaicin-sensitive afferents were defunctionalized with the TRPV1 agonist resiniferatoxin (RTX; 30-70-100 μg/kg s.c. pretreatment). METHODS Knee diameter was measured with a caliper, synovial perfusion with laser Doppler imaging, mechanonociception with aesthesiometry and weight distribution with incapacitance tester over 6 h. Cytokines and neuropeptides were determined with immunoassays. RESULTS MCT induced synovial vasodilatation, oedema, impaired weight distribution and mechanical hyperalgesia, but cytokine or neuropeptide levels were not altered at the 6-h timepoint. Hyperaemia was reduced in RTX-treated and TRPV1-deleted animals, and oedema was absent in NK1-deficient mice. Hyperalgesia was decreased in SP/NKA- and NK1-deficient mice, weight bearing impairment in RTX-pretreated, TRPV1- and NK1-deficient animals. CONCLUSIONS MCT evokes synovial hyperaemia, oedema, hyperalgesia and spontaneous pain. Capsaicin-sensitive afferents and TRPV1 receptors are essential for vasodilatation, while tachykinins mediate oedema and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Borbély
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Pecs, 7624, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Katalin Sándor
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Pecs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Markovics
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Pecs, 7624, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Kemény
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Pecs, 7624, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Erika Pintér
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Pecs, 7624, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - János Szolcsányi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Pecs, 7624, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - John P Quinn
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Liverpool University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jason J McDougall
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, Pecs, 7624, Hungary. .,János Szentágothai Research Centre, Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Centre for Neuroscience, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary. .,MTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research Group, Pecs, Hungary.
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17
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Bert J, Mahowald ML, Frizelle S, Dorman CW, Funkenbusch SC, Krug HE. The Effect of Treatment with Resiniferatoxin and Capsaicin on Dynamic Weight Bearing Measures and Evoked Pain Responses in a Chronic Inflammatory Arthritis Murine Model. INTERNAL MEDICINE REVIEW (WASHINGTON, D.C. : ONLINE) 2016; 2016:89. [PMID: 27774522 PMCID: PMC5070479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Capsaicin (CAP) and Resiniferatoxin (RTX) are vanilloid receptor agonists that can normalize Evoked Pain Scores (EPS) and Automated Dynamic Weight Bearing (ADWB) measures in murine acute inflammatory arthritis when given by intra-articular (IA) injection. To determine whether these vanilloid receptor agonists have benefit in Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) induced chronic inflammatory arthritis pain, we measured changes in ADWB and EPS in arthritic mice with and without treatment with IA CAP and RTX. METHODS AND MATERIALS Chronic inflammatory arthritis was produced by IA injection of 30 µl of Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) into the left knee of C57BL6 male mice 3 weeks prior to pain behavior testing. Mice were injected with either low or high dose IA RTX (10µl of 0.001 or 0.003%), or IA CAP (10 µL of 0.01%) 7 days prior to pain behavior testing. RESULTS Chronic Inflammatory arthritis pain produced increased EPS and reduced ADWB measures for weight bearing in the affected limb of arthritic mice compared to naïve mice. ADWB measurements for time in CFA when compared with Naive were not significantly different, but suggested off-loading the arthritic limb to the normal limb. Treatment with IA CAP or RTX 7 days prior to pain behavior testing produced significant improvement in EPS but no improvement in ADWB measures. Neither IA CAP nor IA RTX had any impact on EPS or ADWB measurements in non-arthritic mice when given 7 days prior to pain behavioral testing. CONCLUSION Using ADWB and EPS, we quantified pain in a murine chronic inflammatory arthritis model. IA CFA caused a significant increase in EPS and decreased ADWB measures in the affected limb. Treatment with IA RTX and CAP produced significant improvement in EPS in mice with mono-articular inflammatory arthritis. IA vanilloid treatment produced no improvement in ADWB measurements for weight and for time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Bert
- Rheumatology Fellowship Training Program, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Maren L Mahowald
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA; University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Hollis E Krug
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA; University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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18
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Kim Y, Kim EH, Lee KS, Lee K, Park SH, Na SH, Ko C, Kim J, Yooon YW. The effects of intra-articular resiniferatoxin on monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritic pain in rats. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 20:129-36. [PMID: 26807032 PMCID: PMC4722186 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2016.20.1.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate whether an intra-articular injection of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor agonist, resiniferatoxin (RTX) would alleviate behavioral signs of arthritic pain in a rat model of osteoarthritis (OA). We also sought to determine the effect of RTX treatment on calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expression in the spinal cord. Knee joint inflammation was induced by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA, 8 mg/50 µl) and weight bearing percentage on right and left hindpaws during walking, paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimulation, and paw withdrawal latency to heat were measured to evaluate pain behavior. Intra-articular administration of RTX (0.03, 0.003 and 0.0003%) at 2 weeks after the induction of knee joint inflammation significantly improved reduction of weight bearing on the ipsilateral hindlimb and increased paw withdrawal sensitivity to mechanical and heat stimuli. The reduction of pain behavior persisted for 3~10 days according to each behavioral test. The MIA-induced increase in CGRP immunoreactivity in the spinal cord was decreased by RTX treatment in a dose-dependent manner. The present study demonstrated that a single intra-articular administration of RTX reduced pain behaviors for a relatively long time in an experimental model of OA and could normalize OA-associated changes in peptide expression in the spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngkyung Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea.; Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Eun-Hye Kim
- Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Kyu Sang Lee
- School of Health and Fitness Management, College of Health and Welfare, Woosong University, Daejeon 34606, Korea
| | - Koeun Lee
- Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.; Department of Rehabilitation Policy and Standardization, National Rehabilitation Research Institute (KNRRI), Seoul 01022, Korea
| | - Sung Ho Park
- Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.; Department of Physical Therapy, Korea University College of Health Science, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Sook Hyun Na
- Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Cheolwoong Ko
- Advanced Biomedical and Welfare Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan 31056, Korea
| | - Junesun Kim
- Rehabilitation Science Program, Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.; Department of Physical Therapy, Korea University College of Health Science, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Young Wook Yooon
- Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea
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20
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Chung MK, Lee J, Joseph J, Saloman J, Ro JY. Peripheral group I metabotropic glutamate receptor activation leads to muscle mechanical hyperalgesia through TRPV1 phosphorylation in the rat. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2014; 16:67-76. [PMID: 25451626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Elevated glutamate levels within injured muscle play important roles in muscle pain and hyperalgesia. In this study, we hypothesized that protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent TRPV1 phosphorylation contributes to the muscle mechanical hyperalgesia following activation of Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu1/5). Mechanical hyperalgesia induced by (R,S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG), an mGlu1/5 agonist, in the masseter muscle was attenuated by AMG9810, a specific TRPV1 antagonist. AMG9810 also suppressed mechanical hyperalgesia evoked by pharmacologic activation of PKC. DHPG-induced mechanical hyperalgesia was suppressed by pretreatment with a decoy peptide that disrupted interactions between TRPV1 and A-kinase-anchoring protein (AKAP), which facilitates phosphorylation of TRPV1. In dissociated trigeminal ganglia, DHPG upregulated serine phosphorylation of TRPV1 (S800), during which DHPG-induced mechanical hyperalgesia was prominent. The TRPV1 phosphorylation at S800 was suppressed by a PKC inhibitor. Electrophysiologic measurements in trigeminal ganglion neurons demonstrated that TRPV1 sensitivity was enhanced by pretreatment with DHPG, and this was prevented by a PKC inhibitor, but not by a protein kinase A inhibitor. These results suggest that mGlu1/5 activation in masseter afferents invokes phosphorylation of TRPV1 serine residues including S800, and that phosphorylation-induced sensitization of TRPV1 is involved in masseter mechanical hyperalgesia. These data support a role of TRPV1 as an integrator of glutamate receptor signaling in muscle nociceptors. PERSPECTIVE This article demonstrates that activation of mGlu1/5 leads to phosphorylation of a specific TRPV1 residue via PKC and AKAP150 in trigeminal sensory neurons and that functional interactions between glutamate receptors and TRPV1 mediate mechanical hyperalgesia in the muscle tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Kyo Chung
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jongseok Lee
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John Joseph
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jami Saloman
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jin Y Ro
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland.
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21
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Targeting TRP channels for pain relief. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 716:61-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Danigo A, Magy L, Demiot C. [TRPV1 in neuropathic pain: from animal models to therapeutical prospects]. Med Sci (Paris) 2013; 29:597-606. [PMID: 23859514 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2013296012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its cloning in 1997, functional and structural studies of TRPV1 have led to an improvement in our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the transduction of noxious thermal and mechanical stimuli by sensory neurons. Because of its role in inflammatory processes and nociceptive pathways, TRPV1 has become an important target for neuropathic pain relief. Models of painful small-fiber sensory neuropathy were developed and several laboratories have progressed in the conception of TRPV1 agonists and antagonists. Patch and cream containing capsaicin, the most famous TRPV1 agonist, are commercialized to relieve neuropathic pain. Others agonists and TRPV1 antagonists are tested in clinical trials and new agents, "TRPV1 modulators", with fewer side effects are currently developed in experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Danigo
- EA 6309, maintenance myélinique et neuropathies périphériques, faculté de médecine et pharmacie, Limoges Cedex, France
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Lebovitz EE, Keller JM, Kominsky H, Kaszas K, Maric D, Iadarola MJ. Positive allosteric modulation of TRPV1 as a novel analgesic mechanism. Mol Pain 2012; 8:70. [PMID: 22998799 PMCID: PMC3556054 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-8-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of long-term opiate use in treating chronic non-cancer pain is increasing, and prescription opioid abuse and dependence are a major public health concern. To explore alternatives to opioid-based analgesia, the present study investigates a novel allosteric pharmacological approach operating through the cation channel TRPV1. This channel is highly expressed in subpopulations of primary afferent unmyelinated C- and lightly-myelinated Aδ-fibers that detect low and high rates of noxious heating, respectively, and it is also activated by vanilloid agonists and low pH. Sufficient doses of exogenous vanilloid agonists, such as capsaicin or resiniferatoxin, can inactivate/deactivate primary afferent endings due to calcium overload, and we hypothesized that positive allosteric modulation of agonist-activated TRPV1 could produce a selective, temporary inactivation of nociceptive nerve terminals in vivo. We previously identified MRS1477, a 1,4-dihydropyridine that potentiates vanilloid and pH activation of TRPV1 in vitro, but displays no detectable intrinsic agonist activity of its own. To study the in vivo effects of MRS1477, we injected the hind paws of rats with a non-deactivating dose of capsaicin, MRS1477, or the combination. An infrared diode laser was used to stimulate TRPV1-expressing nerve terminals and the latency and intensity of paw withdrawal responses were recorded. qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed on dorsal root ganglia to examine changes in gene expression and the cellular specificity of such changes following treatment. Results Withdrawal responses of the capsaicin-only or MRS1477-only treated paws were not significantly different from the untreated, contralateral paws. However, rats treated with the combination of capsaicin and MRS1477 exhibited increased withdrawal latency and decreased response intensity consistent with agonist potentiation and inactivation or lesion of TRPV1-containing nerve terminals. The loss of nerve endings was manifested by an increase in levels of axotomy markers assessed by qRT-PCR and colocalization of ATF3 in TRPV1+ cells visualized via immunohistochemistry. Conclusions The present observations suggest a novel, non-narcotic, selective, long-lasting TRPV1-based approach for analgesia that may be effective in acute, persistent, or chronic pain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan E Lebovitz
- Neurobiology and Pain Therapeutics Section, Laboratory Of Sensory Biology, NIDCR, NIH, Bldg 49 Rm 1C2049 Convent Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Tsuji F, Aono H. Role of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 in inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2012; 5:837-52. [PMID: 24280677 PMCID: PMC3763671 DOI: 10.3390/ph5080837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), a non-selective cation channel, is a receptor activated by high temperatures and chemical agonists such as the vanilloids and protons. Because of these properties, TRPV1 has emerged as a polymodal nocisensor of nociceptive afferent neurons. TRPV1 is thought to be a central transducer of hyperalgesia and a prime target for controlling pain pharmacologically because it is a point where many proalgesic pathways converge and it is upregulated and sensitized by inflammation and injury. However, whether TRPV1 agonists promote or inhibit inflammation remains unclear. We recently demonstrated that SA13353 (1-[2-(1-adamantyl)ethyl]-1-pentyl-3-[3-(4-pyridyl)propyl]urea), a novel TRPV1 agonist, inhibits tumor necrosis factor-a production by the activation of capsaicin-sensitive afferent neurons and reduces the severity of symptoms in kidney injury, lung inflammation, arthritis, and encephalomyelitis. These results suggest that TRPV1 agonists may act as anti-inflammatories in certain inflammatory and autoimmune conditions in vivo. Given the potential deleterious effects of inhibiting the population of channels with a protective function, caution should be taken in the use of potent TRPV1 antagonists as a general strategy to treat inflammation. Further studies are required to clarify the role of TRPV1 and neuropeptides, which are released because of TRPV1 activation in inflammation and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumio Tsuji
- Research and Development Center, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 8916-16 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan.
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Szallasi A, Sheta M. Targeting TRPV1 for pain relief: limits, losers and laurels. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2012; 21:1351-69. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2012.704021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arpad Szallasi
- Monmouth Medical Center, Pathology, 300 Second Ave, Long Branch, 07740, USA
| | - Mohamed Sheta
- Monmouth Medical Center, Medicine, Long Branch, 07740, USA
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Bishnoi M, Bosgraaf CA, Premkumar LS. Preservation of acute pain and efferent functions following intrathecal resiniferatoxin-induced analgesia in rats. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2011; 12:991-1003. [PMID: 21680254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2011.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Resiniferatoxin (RTX) is a potent agonist of TRPV1, which possesses unique properties that can be utilized to treat certain modalities of pain. In the present study, systemic intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of RTX resulted in a significant decrease in acute thermal pain sensitivity, whereas localized intrathecal (i.t.) administration had no effect on acute thermal pain sensitivity. Both i.p. and i.t. administration of RTX prevented TRPV1-induced nocifensive behavior and inflammatory thermal hypersensitivity. There were no alterations in mechanical sensitivity either by i.p. or i.t. administration of RTX. In spinal dorsal horn (L4-L6), TRPV1 and substance P immunoreactivity were abolished following i.p. and i.t. administration of RTX. In dorsal root ganglia (DRG), TRPV1 immunoreactivity was diminished following i.p. administration, but was unaffected following i.t. administration of RTX. Following i.p. administration, basal and evoked calcitonin gene-related peptide release were reduced both in the spinal cord and peripheral tissues. However, following i.t. administration, basal and evoked calcitonin gene-related peptide release were reduced in spinal cord (L4-L6), but were unaffected in peripheral tissues. Both i.p. and i.t. RTX administration lowered the body temperature acutely, but this effect reversed with time. Targeting TRPV1-expressing nerve terminals at the spinal cord can selectively abolish inflammatory thermal hypersensitivity without affecting acute thermal sensitivity and can preserve the efferent functions of DRG neurons at the peripheral nerve terminals. I.t. administration of RTX can be considered as a strategy for treating certain chronic and debilitating pain conditions. PERSPECTIVE Localized administration of RTX in spinal cord could be a useful strategy to treat chronic debilitating pain arising from certain conditions such as cancer and at the same time could maintain normal physiological peripheral efferent functions mediated by TRPV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Bishnoi
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois 62702, USA
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Tsuji F, Murai M, Oki K, Sasano M, Aono H. Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 Agonists as Candidates for Anti-inflammatory Agents. Inflamm Regen 2011. [DOI: 10.2492/inflammregen.31.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fumio Tsuji
- Research and Development Center, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| | - Masaaki Murai
- Research and Development Center, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| | - Kenji Oki
- Research and Development Center, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| | - Minoru Sasano
- Research and Development Center, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
| | - Hiroyuki Aono
- Research and Development Center, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
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Westlund KN, Kochukov MY, Lu Y, McNearney TA. Impact of central and peripheral TRPV1 and ROS levels on proinflammatory mediators and nociceptive behavior. Mol Pain 2010; 6:46. [PMID: 20691059 PMCID: PMC2924298 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-6-46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2009] [Accepted: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) channels are important membrane sensors on peripheral nerve endings and on supportive non-neuronal synoviocytes in the knee joint. TRPV 1 ion channels respond with activation of calcium and sodium fluxes to pH, thermal, chemical, osmotic, mechanical and other stimuli abundant in inflamed joints. In the present study, the kaolin/carrageenan (k/c) induced knee joint arthritis model in rats, as well as primary and clonal human synoviocyte cultures were used to understand the reciprocal interactions between reactive nitroxidative species (ROS) and functional TRPV1 channels. ROS generation was monitored with ROS sensitive dyes using live cell imaging in vitro and in spinal tissue histology, as well as with measurement of ROS metabolites in culture media using HPLC. Results Functional responses in the experimental arthritis model, including increased nociceptive responses (thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia), knee joint temperature reflecting local blood flow, and spinal cord ROS elevations were reduced by the ROS scavenger PBN after intraperitoneal pretreatment. Increases in TRPV1 and ROS, generated by synoviocytes in vitro, were reciprocally blocked by TRPV1 antagonists and the ROS scavenger. Further evidence is presented that synoviocyte responses to ROS and TRPV1 activation include increases in TNFα and COX-2, both measured as an indicator of the inflammation in vitro. Conclusions The results demonstrate that contributions of ROS to pronociceptive responses and neurogenic inflammation are mediated both centrally and peripherally. Responses are mediated by TRPV1 locally in the knee joint by synoviocytes, as well as by ROS-induced sensitization in the spinal cord. These findings and those of others reported in the literature indicate reciprocal interactions between TRPV1 and ROS play critical roles in the pathological and nociceptive responses active during arthritic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin N Westlund
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA.
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Looney A. Oncology Pain in Veterinary Patients. Top Companion Anim Med 2010; 25:32-44. [DOI: 10.1053/j.tcam.2009.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Tsuji F, Murai M, Oki K, Seki I, Ueda K, Inoue H, Nagelkerken L, Sasano M, Aono H. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 agonists as candidates for anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 627:332-9. [PMID: 19878665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2009] [Revised: 09/07/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We recently demonstrated that SA13353 [1-[2-(1-adamantyl)ethyl]-1-pentyl-3-[3-(4-pyridyl)propyl]urea], a novel transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) agonist, inhibits TNF-alpha production through the activation of capsaicin-sensitive afferent neurons. In the present study, we investigated the effects of SA13353 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytokine production and a murine model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). SA13353 inhibited LPS-induced TNF-alpha and interleukin (IL)-1beta production while augmenting IL-10 production in mice. It also inhibited TNF-alpha and IL-1beta mRNA expression, and increased IL-10 mRNA expression in LPS-treated murine liver. These effects were not observed in TRPV1 KO and sensory denervated mice. Capsaicin and SA13353 increased serum neuropeptide levels, and calcitonin gene-related peptide fragment 8-37 (CGRP(8)(-)(37)), a CGRP antagonist, partially blocked the inhibitory effects of capsaicin and SA13353 on LPS-induced TNF-alpha production. These results suggest that the TPPV1 agonistic effects inhibit TNF-alpha production, at least partially, via neuropeptide release. SA13353 did not directly affect LPS-induced cytokine production in vitro using RAW264.7 macrophages, which do not express TRPV1. Therefore, we consider SA13353 to be a good tool for the investigation of the value of TRPV1 agonists for the treatment of chronic inflammation. In a murine EAE model, SA13353 attenuated clinical signs and histopathological changes. SA13353 attenuated cytokine levels, including TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-12p40, IL-17, and interferon (IFN)-gamma, after proteolipid protein (PLP) immunization. In addition, SA13353 attenuated the increase of IL-17-producing cells. These results suggest that TRPV1 agonists may act as anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents in vivo in certain inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumio Tsuji
- Research and Development Center, Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 8916-16 Takayama-cho, Ikoma-shi, Nara 630-0101, Japan.
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Batra YK. The future of anaesthetic pharmacology. Indian J Anaesth 2009; 53:533-6. [PMID: 20640101 PMCID: PMC2900083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y K Batra
- Professor, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Jeffry JA, Yu SQ, Sikand P, Parihar A, Evans MS, Premkumar LS. Selective targeting of TRPV1 expressing sensory nerve terminals in the spinal cord for long lasting analgesia. PLoS One 2009; 4:e7021. [PMID: 19753113 PMCID: PMC2737142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Accepted: 08/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain is a major clinical problem and opiates are often the only treatment, but they cause significant problems ranging from sedation to deadly respiratory depression. Resiniferatoxin (RTX), a potent agonist of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), causes a slow, sustained and irreversible activation of TRPV1 and increases the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents, but causes significant depression of evoked EPSCs due to nerve terminal depolarization block. Intrathecal administration of RTX to rats in the short-term inhibits nociceptive synaptic transmission, and in the long-term causes a localized, selective ablation of TRPV1-expressing central sensory nerve terminals leading to long lasting analgesia in behavioral models. Since RTX actions are selective for central sensory nerve terminals, other efferent functions of dorsal root ganglion neurons can be preserved. Preventing nociceptive transmission at the level of the spinal cord can be a useful strategy to treat chronic, debilitating and intractable pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Jeffry
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Shuang-Quan Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Parul Sikand
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Arti Parihar
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, United States of America
| | - M. Steven Evans
- Department of Neurology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Louis S. Premkumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ueda K, Tsuji F, Hirata T, Ueda K, Murai M, Aono H, Takaoka M, Matsumura Y. RETRACTION: Preventive Effect of SA13353 [1-[2-(1-Adamantyl)ethyl]-1-pentyl-3-[3-(4-pyridyl)propyl]urea], a Novel Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 Agonist, on Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Renal Injury in Rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2009; 329:202-9. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.108.146241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Resiniferatoxin in the treatment of interstitial cystitis: a systematic review. Int Urogynecol J 2008; 19:1571-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00192-008-0663-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2008] [Accepted: 05/12/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Preventive Effect of TRPV1 Agonists Capsaicin and Resiniferatoxin on Ischemia/Reperfusion-induced Renal Injury in Rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2008; 51:513-20. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e31816f6884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wu Y, Starzinski-Powitz A, Guo SW. Capsaicin Inhibits Proliferation of Endometriotic Cells in vitro. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2008; 66:59-62. [DOI: 10.1159/000124275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2007] [Accepted: 12/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Heilborn U, Berge OG, Arborelius L, Brodin E. Spontaneous nociceptive behaviour in female mice with Freund's complete adjuvant- and carrageenan-induced monoarthritis. Brain Res 2007; 1143:143-9. [PMID: 17316576 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2005] [Revised: 01/16/2007] [Accepted: 01/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The development of transgenic techniques has accentuated the need for valid disease models in mice. In the present study, we have in female mice characterized adjuvant-induced monoarthritis, an inflammatory model which is commonly used in rats. Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA), 20 microl, was injected into the left knee joint. Pain was inferred from impairment of gait and stance. Two commonly used mouse strains were compared. Outbred NMRI mice showed significant levels of pain behaviour lasting for at least 7 days after injection of FCA while inbred BALB/c mice showed altered behaviour at 3, but not at 5 days. The effects of three commercially available preparations of FCA were compared in NMRI mice. All adjuvants caused highly reproducible spontaneous pain behaviour at 1-3 days with a reduction at 5 days and no significant pain-related behaviour at 10 days. Intraarticular injection of 2% carrageenan performed for comparison, caused pain-related behaviour for less than 24 h. The adjuvant-induced pain behaviour was dose-dependently reduced by 3-30 micromol/kg morphine and 3-30 micromol/kg diclofenac. In conclusion, adjuvant-induced monoarthritis in mice provides a robust model for pharmacological studies of inflammatory pain, but the choice of mouse strain is important for the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Heilborn
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Abstract
Local anesthetics are used broadly to prevent or reverse acute pain and treat symptoms of chronic pain. This chapter, on the analgesic aspects of local anesthetics, reviews their broad actions that affect many different molecular targets and disrupt their functions in pain processing. Application of local anesthetics to peripheral nerve primarily results in the blockade of propagating action potentials, through their inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channels. Such inhibition results from drug binding at a site in the channel's inner pore, accessible from the cytoplasmic opening. Binding of drug molecules to these channels depends on their conformation, with the drugs generally having a higher affinity for the open and inactivated channel states that are induced by membrane depolarization. As a result, the effective potency of these drugs for blocking impulses increases during high-frequency repetitive firing and also under slow depolarization, such as occurs at a region of nerve injury, which is often the locus for generation of abnormal, pain-related ectopic impulses. At distal and central terminals the inhibition of voltage-gated calcium channels by local anesthetics will suppress neurogenic inflammation and the release of neurotransmitters. Actions on receptors that contribute to nociceptive transduction, such as TRPV1 and the bradykinin B2 receptor, provide an independent mode of analgesia. In the spinal cord, where local anesthetics are present during epidural or intrathecal anesthesia, inhibition of inotropic receptors, such as those for glutamate, by local anesthetics further interferes with neuronal transmission. Activation of spinal cord mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, which are essential for the hyperalgesia following injury or incision and occur in both neurons and glia, is inhibited by spinal local anesthetics. Many G protein-coupled receptors are susceptible to local anesthetics, with particular sensitivity of those coupled via the Gq alpha-subunit. Local anesthetics are also infused intravenously to yield plasma concentrations far below those that block normal action potentials, yet that are frequently effective at reversing neuropathic pain. Thus, local anesthetics modify a variety of neuronal membrane channels and receptors, leading to what is probably a synergistic mixture of analgesic mechanisms to achieve effective clinical analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Yanagidate
- Pain Research Center, BWH/MRB611, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115-6110, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd P Stitik
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA
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