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Gao Y, Dong R, Yan J, Chen H, Sang L, Yao X, Fan D, Wang X, Zuo X, Zhang X, Yang S, Wu Z, Sun J. Mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase is required for female fertility in mice. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:427-439. [PMID: 38327186 PMCID: PMC10984852 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial homeostasis plays a pivotal role in oocyte maturation and embryonic development. Deoxyguanosine kinase (DGUOK) is a nucleoside kinase that salvages purine nucleosides in mitochondria and is critical for mitochondrial DNA replication and homeostasis in non-proliferating cells. Dguok loss-of-function mutations and deletions lead to hepatocerebral mitochondrial DNA deletion syndrome. However, its potential role in reproduction remains largely unknown. In this study, we find that Dguok knockout results in female infertility. Mechanistically, DGUOK deficiency hinders ovarian development and oocyte maturation. Moreover, DGUOK deficiency in oocytes causes a significant reduction in mitochondrial DNA copy number and abnormal mitochondrial dynamics and impairs germinal vesicle breakdown. Only few DGUOK-deficient oocytes can extrude their first polar body during in vitro maturation, and these oocytes exhibit irregular chromosome arrangements and different spindle lengths. In addition, DGUOK deficiency elevates reactive oxygen species levels and accelerates oocyte apoptosis. Our findings reveal novel physiological roles for the mitochondrial nucleoside salvage pathway in oocyte maturation and implicate DGUOK as a potential marker for the diagnosis of female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yake Gao
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Rui Dong
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Jiacong Yan
- Department of Reproductive Medicinethe First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceNHC Key Laboratory of Preconception Health Birth in Western ChinaKunming650100China
| | - Huicheng Chen
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Lei Sang
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Xinyi Yao
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Die Fan
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Xin Wang
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zuo
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
| | - Shengyu Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular PhysiologyThe Penn State University College of MedicineHersheyPA17033USA
| | - Ze Wu
- Department of Reproductive Medicinethe First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceNHC Key Laboratory of Preconception Health Birth in Western ChinaKunming650100China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Center for Life SciencesYunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and DiseasesState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in YunnanSchool of Life SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming650091China
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2
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Tan T, Gao B, Yu H, Pan H, Sun Z, Lei A, Zhang L, Lu H, Wu H, Daley GQ, Feng Y, Zhang J. Dynamic nucleolar phase separation influenced by non-canonical function of LIN28A instructs pluripotent stem cell fate decisions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1256. [PMID: 38341436 PMCID: PMC10858886 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45451-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
LIN28A is important in somatic reprogramming and pluripotency regulation. Although previous studies addressed that LIN28A can repress let-7 microRNA maturation in the cytoplasm, few focused on its role within the nucleus. Here, we show that the nucleolus-localized LIN28A protein undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and in vitro. The RNA binding domains (RBD) and intrinsically disordered regions (IDR) of LIN28A contribute to LIN28A and the other nucleolar proteins' phase-separated condensate establishment. S120A, S200A and R192G mutations in the IDR result in subcellular mislocalization of LIN28A and abnormal nucleolar phase separation. Moreover, we find that the naive-to-primed pluripotency state conversion and the reprogramming are associated with dynamic nucleolar remodeling, which depends on LIN28A's phase separation capacity, because the LIN28A IDR point mutations abolish its role in regulating nucleolus and in these cell fate decision processes, and an exogenous IDR rescues it. These findings shed light on the nucleolar function in pluripotent stem cell states and on a non-canonical RNA-independent role of LIN28A in phase separation and cell fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Tan
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Biophysics, and Department of Infectious Disease of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Hongru Pan
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Anhua Lei
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Hengxing Lu
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George Q Daley
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Biophysics, and Department of Infectious Disease of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Center of Gene/Cell Engineering and Genome Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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3
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Li G, Wakao S, Kitada M, Dezawa M. Tumor suppressor let-7 acts as a key regulator for pluripotency gene expression in Muse cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:54. [PMID: 38261036 PMCID: PMC10805825 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05089-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
In embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), the expression of an RNA-binding pluripotency-relevant protein, LIN28, and the absence of its antagonist, the tumor-suppressor microRNA (miRNA) let-7, play a key role in maintaining pluripotency. Muse cells are non-tumorigenic pluripotent-like stem cells residing in the bone marrow, peripheral blood, and organ connective tissues as pluripotent surface marker SSEA-3(+). They express pluripotency genes, differentiate into triploblastic-lineage cells, and self-renew at the single cell level. Muse cells do not express LIN28 but do express let-7 at higher levels than in iPSCs. In Muse cells, we demonstrated that let-7 inhibited the PI3K-AKT pathway, leading to sustainable expression of the key pluripotency regulator KLF4 as well as its downstream genes, POU5F1, SOX2, and NANOG. Let-7 also suppressed proliferation and glycolysis by inhibiting the PI3K-AKT pathway, suggesting its involvement in non-tumorigenicity. Furthermore, the MEK/ERK pathway is not controlled by let-7 and may have a pivotal role in maintaining self-renewal and suppression of senescence. The system found in Muse cells, in which the tumor suppressor let-7, but not LIN28, tunes the expression of pluripotency genes, might be a rational cell system conferring both pluripotency-like properties and a low risk for tumorigenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Shohei Wakao
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kitada
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
- Department of Anatomy, Kansai Medical University School of Medicine, 2-5-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1191, Japan.
| | - Mari Dezawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Histology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
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4
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Huang C, Ji XR, Huang ZH, Liu Q, Wang RJ, Fan LQ, Wu HL, Bo H, Zhu WB. Long-term storage modifies the microRNA expression profile of cryopreserved human semen. BIOMOLECULES & BIOMEDICINE 2024; 24:51-60. [PMID: 37573539 PMCID: PMC10787610 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2023.9421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The global practice of cryopreservation of human semen is commonplace in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) labs and sperm banks. However, information on the effects of long-term cryopreservation on semen is limited to clinical data summaries and descriptions. For this study, we prepared 4 semen specimens of fresh semen, 4 specimens cryostored for at least 1 year, 3 specimens cryostored for at least 5 years, 4 specimens cryostored for at least 10 years, and 3 specimens cryostored for at least 15 years. Total RNA was extracted from each sample, amplified, labeled, and mapped to the known primary microRNA (miRNA) in the miRBase database, enabling the prediction of novel miRNAs. We found that cryopreservation can lead to changes in miRNA expression, and with the increase in storage time, these changes became more pronounced. Meanwhile, the expression of let-7d-3p, let-7c-5p and let-7i-3p miRNAs changed dynamically over cryostorage time in frozen-thawed human sperm. Furthermore, we analyzed the time-dependent dynamics of cryostorage-expressed miRNAs and their target mRNAs and found that half of the target genes were expressed in oocytes. These intersection genes were mainly enriched in cancer and cytoskeletal signaling pathways. Our findings showed that the miRNA expression profile of cryopreserved human semen is modified by long-term storage. Furthermore, as the storage time increases, the impact on human sperm becomes more pronounced in terms of miRNAs, which may have an effect on subsequent fertilization and embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Huang
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xi-Ren Ji
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zeng-Hui Huang
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rui-Jun Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li-Qing Fan
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui-Lan Wu
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Bo
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wen-Bing Zhu
- Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, Basic Medicine College, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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5
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Discovery of Novel Lin28 Inhibitors to Suppress Cancer Cell Stemness. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225687. [PMID: 36428779 PMCID: PMC9688808 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lin28 is a pluripotency factor that regulates cancer cell stem-like phenotypes to promote cancer development and therapy-resistant tumor progression. It acts through its cold shock domain and zinc knuckle domain (ZKD) to interact with the Let-7 pre-microRNA and block Let-7 biosynthesis. Chemical inhibition of Lin28 from interacting with Let-7 presents a therapeutic strategy for cancer therapy. Herein, we present the computer-aided development of small molecules by in silico screening 18 million compounds from the ZINC20 library, followed by the biological validation of 163 predicted compounds to confirm 15 new Lin28 inhibitors. We report three lead compounds, Ln7, Ln15, and Ln115, that target the ZKD of both Lin28A and Lin28B isoforms and block Lin28 from binding Let-7. They restore Let-7 expression and suppress tumor oncogenes such as SOX2 in cancer cells and show strong inhibitory effects on cancer cell stem-like phenotypes. However, minimal impacts of these compounds were observed on Lin28-negative cells, confirming the on-target effects of these compounds. We conclude from this study the discovery of several new Lin28 inhibitors as promising candidate compounds that warrant further drug development into potential anticancer therapies.
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6
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LIN28 Family in Testis: Control of Cell Renewal, Maturation, Fertility and Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137245. [PMID: 35806250 PMCID: PMC9266904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Male reproductive development starts early in the embryogenesis with somatic and germ cell differentiation in the testis. The LIN28 family of RNA-binding proteins promoting pluripotency has two members—LIN28A and LIN28B. Their function in the testis has been investigated but many questions about their exact role based on the expression patterns remain unclear. LIN28 expression is detected in the gonocytes and the migrating, mitotically active germ cells of the fetal testis. Postnatal expression of LIN28 A and B showed differential expression, with LIN28A expressed in the undifferentiated spermatogonia and LIN28B in the elongating spermatids and Leydig cells. LIN28 interferes with many signaling pathways, leading to cell proliferation, and it is involved in important testicular physiological processes, such as cell renewal, maturation, fertility, and aging. In addition, aberrant LIN28 expression is associated with testicular cancer and testicular disorders, such as hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and Klinefelter’s syndrome. This comprehensive review encompasses current knowledge of the function of LIN28 paralogs in testis and other tissues and cells because many studies suggest LIN28AB as a promising target for developing novel therapeutic agents.
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7
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Cui G, Xu Y, Cao S, Shi K. Inducing somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells is an important platform to study the mechanism of early embryonic development. Mol Reprod Dev 2022; 89:70-85. [PMID: 35075695 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The early embryonic development starts with the totipotent zygote upon fertilization of differentiated sperm and egg, which undergoes a range of reprogramming and transformation to acquire pluripotency. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), a nonclonal technique to produce stem cells, are originated from differentiated somatic cells via accomplishment of cell reprogramming, which shares common reprogramming process with early embryonic development. iPSCs are attractive in recent years due to the potentially significant applications in disease modeling, potential value in genetic improvement of husbandry animal, regenerative medicine, and drug screening. This review focuses on introducing the research advance of both somatic cell reprogramming and early embryonic development, indicating that the mechanisms of iPSCs also shares common features with that of early embryonic development in several aspects, such as germ cell factors, DNA methylation, histone modification, and/or X chromosome inactivation. As iPSCs can successfully avoid ethical concerns that are naturally present in the embryos and/or embryonic stem cells, the practicality of somatic cell reprogramming (iPSCs) could provide an insightful platform to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the early embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guina Cui
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Yanwen Xu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Shuyuan Cao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Kerong Shi
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Bioengineering and Disease Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
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8
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Zhang Q, Li W, Feng P, Liu Y, Meng P, Chu B, Zhao J, Li Y, Zhang Y, Liu J. Lnc5926 is essential for early embryonic development in goats through regulation of ZSCAN4 and EIF1AX. Theriogenology 2021; 180:87-93. [PMID: 34954662 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are abundant in mammalian genomes and have been found to play important roles in many biological events. However, the mechanism by which lncRNAs regulate embryonic development remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we investigated the function of the lncRNA, TCONS_00135926 (referred to as lnc5926), through knockdown and overexpression experiments in goat early embryos. Lnc5926 expression at the eight-cell embryonic stage was significantly higher than that at other stages, which was consistent with the pattern of embryonic genome activation (EGA) gene expression. The blastocyst rate after lnc5926 knockdown in eight-cell embryos was significantly lower than that in the control group (0.2% vs. 17.1%, p < 0.05), whereas the cleavage rate was not affected (71.9% vs. 75.1%, p ˃ 0.05). After knockdown or overexpression of lnc5926 in embryos, we measured expression levels of the potential target genes, STAM, HACD1, UBL5, MIOX, ELF1, and the key EGA genes, ZSCAN4 and EIF1AX. Only ZSCAN4 and EIF1AX were significantly downregulated after lnc5926 knockdown, and this effect was reversed by lnc5926 overexpression. We conclude that lnc5926 plays an essential role in early embryonic development in goats by regulating expression of EGA-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pei Feng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yayi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Meng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Chu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianglin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanxue Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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9
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Chakritbudsabong W, Chaiwattanarungruengpaisan S, Sariya L, Pamonsupornvichit S, Ferreira JN, Sukho P, Gronsang D, Tharasanit T, Dinnyes A, Rungarunlert S. Exogenous LIN28 Is Required for the Maintenance of Self-Renewal and Pluripotency in Presumptive Porcine-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:709286. [PMID: 34354993 PMCID: PMC8329718 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.709286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine species have been used in preclinical transplantation models for assessing the efficiency and safety of transplants before their application in human trials. Porcine-induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs) are traditionally established using four transcription factors (4TF): OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and C-MYC. However, the inefficiencies in the reprogramming of piPSCs and the maintenance of their self-renewal and pluripotency remain challenges to be resolved. LIN28 was demonstrated to play a vital role in the induction of pluripotency in humans. To investigate whether this factor is similarly required by piPSCs, the effects of adding LIN28 to the 4TF induction method (5F approach) on the efficiency of piPSC reprogramming and maintenance of self-renewal and pluripotency were examined. Using a retroviral vector, porcine fetal fibroblasts were transfected with human OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and C-MYC with or without LIN28. The colony morphology and chromosomal stability of these piPSC lines were examined and their pluripotency properties were characterized by investigating both their expression of pluripotency-associated genes and proteins and in vitro and in vivo differentiation capabilities. Alkaline phosphatase assay revealed the reprogramming efficiencies to be 0.33 and 0.17% for the 4TF and 5TF approaches, respectively, but the maintenance of self-renewal and pluripotency until passage 40 was 6.67 and 100%, respectively. Most of the 4TF-piPSC colonies were flat in shape, showed weak positivity for alkaline phosphatase, and expressed a significantly high level of SSEA-4 protein, except for one cell line (VSMUi001-A) whose properties were similar to those of the 5TF-piPSCs; that is, tightly packed and dome-like in shape, markedly positive for alkaline phosphatase, and expressing endogenous pluripotency genes (pOCT4, pSOX2, pNANOG, and pLIN28), significantly high levels of pluripotent proteins (OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, LIN28, and SSEA-1), and a significantly low level of SSEA-4 protein. VSMUi001-A and all 5F-piPSC lines formed embryoid bodies, underwent spontaneous cardiogenic differentiation with cardiac beating, expressed cardiomyocyte markers, and developed teratomas. In conclusion, in addition to the 4TF, LIN28 is required for the effective induction of piPSCs and the maintenance of their long-term self-renewal and pluripotency toward the development of all germ layers. These piPSCs have the potential applicability for veterinary science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warunya Chakritbudsabong
- Laboratory of Cellular Biomedicine and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.,Department of Preclinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Somjit Chaiwattanarungruengpaisan
- The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals (MOZWE), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Ladawan Sariya
- The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals (MOZWE), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Sirikron Pamonsupornvichit
- The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals (MOZWE), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Joao N Ferreira
- Exocrine Gland Biology and Regeneration Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Panithi Sukho
- Laboratory of Cellular Biomedicine and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Dulyatad Gronsang
- Department of Preclinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Theerawat Tharasanit
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Andras Dinnyes
- BioTalentum Ltd., Gödöllő, Hungary.,Department of Physiology and Animal Health, Institute of Physiology and Animal Health, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary.,College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sasitorn Rungarunlert
- Laboratory of Cellular Biomedicine and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.,Department of Preclinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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10
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Li P, Jiang X, Zhang G, Trabucco JT, Raciti D, Smith C, Ringwald M, Marai GE, Arighi C, Shatkay H. Utilizing image and caption information for biomedical document classification. Bioinformatics 2021; 37:i468-i476. [PMID: 34252939 PMCID: PMC8346654 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Biomedical research findings are typically disseminated through publications. To simplify access to domain-specific knowledge while supporting the research community, several biomedical databases devote significant effort to manual curation of the literature—a labor intensive process. The first step toward biocuration requires identifying articles relevant to the specific area on which the database focuses. Thus, automatically identifying publications relevant to a specific topic within a large volume of publications is an important task toward expediting the biocuration process and, in turn, biomedical research. Current methods focus on textual contents, typically extracted from the title-and-abstract. Notably, images and captions are often used in publications to convey pivotal evidence about processes, experiments and results. Results We present a new document classification scheme, using both image and caption information, in addition to titles-and-abstracts. To use the image information, we introduce a new image representation, namely Figure-word, based on class labels of subfigures. We use word embeddings for representing captions and titles-and-abstracts. To utilize all three types of information, we introduce two information integration methods. The first combines Figure-words and textual features obtained from captions and titles-and-abstracts into a single larger vector for document representation; the second employs a meta-classification scheme. Our experiments and results demonstrate the usefulness of the newly proposed Figure-words for representing images. Moreover, the results showcase the value of Figure-words, captions and titles-and-abstracts in providing complementary information for document classification; these three sources of information when combined, lead to an overall improved classification performance. Availability and implementation Source code and the list of PMIDs of the publications in our datasets are available upon request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyuan Li
- Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Xiangying Jiang
- Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.,Amazon, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Gongbo Zhang
- Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.,Google, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - Juan Trelles Trabucco
- Department of Computer Science, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Daniela Raciti
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | | | | | - G Elisabeta Marai
- Department of Computer Science, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Cecilia Arighi
- Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Hagit Shatkay
- Department of Computer and Information Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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11
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O'Hagan D, Kruger RE, Gu B, Ralston A. Efficient generation of endogenous protein reporters for mouse development. Development 2021; 148:269311. [PMID: 34036333 PMCID: PMC8276983 DOI: 10.1242/dev.197418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent proteins and epitope tags can reveal protein localization in cells and animals, yet the large size of many tags hinders efficient genome targeting. Accordingly, many studies have relied on characterizing overexpressed proteins, which might not recapitulate endogenous protein activities. Here, we present two strategies for higher throughput production of endogenous protein reporters in mice, focusing on the blastocyst model of development. Our first strategy makes use of a split fluorescent protein, mNeonGreen2 (mNG2). Knock-in of a small portion of the mNG2 gene, in frame with gene coding regions of interest, was highly efficient in embryos, potentially obviating the need to establish mouse lines. When complemented by the larger portion of the mNG2 gene, fluorescence was reconstituted and endogenous protein localization faithfully reported in living embryos. Our second strategy achieves in-frame knock-in of a relatively small protein tag, which provides high efficiency and higher sensitivity protein reporting. Together, these two approaches provide complementary advantages and enable broad downstream applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel O'Hagan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Robin E Kruger
- Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Training Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Bin Gu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.,Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Amy Ralston
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.,Reproductive and Developmental Sciences Training Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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12
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Fus-Kujawa A, Mendrek B, Trybus A, Bajdak-Rusinek K, Stepien KL, Sieron AL. Potential of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Use in Gene Therapy: History, Molecular Bases, and Medical Perspectives. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050699. [PMID: 34067183 PMCID: PMC8151405 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are defined as reprogrammed somatic cells exhibiting embryonic stem cell characteristics. Since their discovery in 2006, efforts have been made to utilize iPSCs in clinical settings. One of the promising fields of medicine, in which genetically patient-specific stem cells may prove themselves useful, is gene therapy. iPSCs technology holds potential in both creating models of genetic diseases and delivering therapeutic agents into the organism via auto-transplants, which reduces the risk of rejection compared to allotransplants. However, in order to safely administer genetically corrected stem cells into patients’ tissues, efforts must be made to establish stably pluripotent stem cells and reduce the risk of insertional tumorigenesis. In order to achieve this, optimal reprogramming factors and vectors must be considered. Therefore, in this review, the molecular bases of reprogramming safe iPSCs for clinical applications and recent attempts to translate iPSCs technology into the clinical setting are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Fus-Kujawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Medykow 18 Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.F.-K.); (A.T.); (K.L.S.)
| | - Barbara Mendrek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Anna Trybus
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Medykow 18 Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.F.-K.); (A.T.); (K.L.S.)
| | - Karolina Bajdak-Rusinek
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Medykow 18 Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Karolina L. Stepien
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Medykow 18 Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.F.-K.); (A.T.); (K.L.S.)
| | - Aleksander L. Sieron
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Medykow 18 Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.F.-K.); (A.T.); (K.L.S.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Li Q, Shi J, Liu W. The role of Wnt/β-catenin-lin28a/let-7 axis in embryo implantation competency and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:108. [PMID: 32650795 PMCID: PMC7353806 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pre-implantation embryo in a competent status and post-implantation fully differentiation of the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE) are prerequisites of successful implantation. Type I embryonic epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) involves in these processes. A high level of the mir-let-7 family was found in the dormant mouse embryo of implantation failure in our previous study. Besides, its natural inhibitor lin28a was found to function in maintained stem cell pluripotency and involved in early embryo nucleolus construction. Until now, few studies got involved in the exact molecular mechanism that affects embryo implantation potential. In this study, the possible function of Wnt/β-catenin-lin28a/let-7 pathway in mouse embryo implantation was studied. Methods ICR mouse, Lin28a/Let-7 g transgenic mice (Lin28a-TG/Let-7 g-TG), and implanting dormant mice models were used for the study. Results Wnt/β-catenin signaling is essential in embryo implantation, which promotes embryo implantation through directly trigger lin28a expression, thus represses the mir-let-7 family. Lin28a and mir-let-7 both participate in implantation via an inverse function. Lin28a and mir-let-7 participate in embryo implantation through embryonic EMT. Conclusions Wnt/β-catenin signaling promotes embryo implantation and accompanying embryonic EMT, which is mediated by directly activate lin28a/let-7 axis. Video abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Laboratory Block, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Assisted Reproductive Center, Women & Children's Hospital of Northwest China, 73 Hou zai Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Juanzi Shi
- Assisted Reproductive Center, Women & Children's Hospital of Northwest China, 73 Hou zai Road, Xi'an, China
| | - Weimin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Laboratory Block, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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14
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Nathan FM, Ohtake Y, Wang S, Jiang X, Sami A, Guo H, Zhou FQ, Li S. Upregulating Lin28a Promotes Axon Regeneration in Adult Mice with Optic Nerve and Spinal Cord Injury. Mol Ther 2020; 28:1902-1917. [PMID: 32353321 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Severed CNS axons fail to regenerate in adult mammals and there are no effective regenerative strategies to treat patients with CNS injuries. Several genes, including phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and Krüppel-like factors, regulate intrinsic growth capacity of mature neurons. The Lin28 gene is essential for cell development and pluripotency in worms and mammals. In this study, we evaluated the role of Lin28a in regulating regenerative capacity of diverse populations of CNS neurons in adult mammals. Using a neuron-specific Thy1 promoter, we generated transgenic mice that overexpress Lin28a protein in multiple populations of projection neurons, including corticospinal tracts and retinal ganglion cells. We demonstrate that upregulation of Lin28a in transgenic mice induces significant long distance regeneration of both corticospinal axons and the optic nerve in adult mice. Importantly, overexpression of Lin28a by post-injury treatment with adeno-associated virus type 2 (AAV2) vector stimulates dramatic regeneration of descending spinal tracts and optic nerve axons after lesions. Upregulation of Lin28a also enhances activity of the Akt signaling pathway in mature CNS neurons. Therefore, Lin28a is critical for regulating growth capacity of multiple CNS neurons and may become an important molecular target for treating CNS injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima M Nathan
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Yosuke Ohtake
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Shuo Wang
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Xinpei Jiang
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Armin Sami
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Hua Guo
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Feng-Quan Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Shuxin Li
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
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15
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Calegare BFA, Azzolini A, Silva Vallim JR, Turco EGL, Tempaku PF, Silva VC, Tufik S, D'Almeida V. Sleep deprivation decreases the reproductive capacity by affecting the arrival of morulas in the uterus. Genesis 2020; 58:e23350. [DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Augusto Azzolini
- Department of UrologyUniversidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Sergio Tufik
- Department of PsychobiologyUniversidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Vânia D'Almeida
- Department of PsychobiologyUniversidade Federal de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
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16
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Regulation of human trophoblast surrogate Jeg-3 spheroids implantation potential by Wnt/β-catenin pathway and lin28a/let-7a axis. Exp Cell Res 2020; 388:111718. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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17
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Madissoon E, Damdimopoulos A, Katayama S, Krjutškov K, Einarsdottir E, Mamia K, De Groef B, Hovatta O, Kere J, Damdimopoulou P. Pleomorphic Adenoma Gene 1 Is Needed For Timely Zygotic Genome Activation and Early Embryo Development. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8411. [PMID: 31182756 PMCID: PMC6557853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44882-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) is a transcription factor involved in cancer and growth. We discovered a de novo DNA motif containing a PLAG1 binding site in the promoters of genes activated during zygotic genome activation (ZGA) in human embryos. This motif was located within an Alu element in a region that was conserved in the murine B1 element. We show that maternally provided Plag1 is needed for timely mouse preimplantation embryo development. Heterozygous mouse embryos lacking maternal Plag1 showed disrupted regulation of 1,089 genes, spent significantly longer time in the 2-cell stage, and started expressing Plag1 ectopically from the paternal allele. The de novo PLAG1 motif was enriched in the promoters of the genes whose activation was delayed in the absence of Plag1. Further, these mouse genes showed a significant overlap with genes upregulated during human ZGA that also contain the motif. By gene ontology, the mouse and human ZGA genes with de novo PLAG1 motifs were involved in ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis. Collectively, our data suggest that PLAG1 affects embryo development in mice and humans through a conserved DNA motif within Alu/B1 elements located in the promoters of a subset of ZGA genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elo Madissoon
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Anastasios Damdimopoulos
- Bioinformatics and Expression Analysis core facility, Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shintaro Katayama
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kaarel Krjutškov
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, 50410, Tartu, Estonia.,Molecular Neurology Research Program, University of Helsinki and Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisabet Einarsdottir
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden.,Molecular Neurology Research Program, University of Helsinki and Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katariina Mamia
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bert De Groef
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Outi Hovatta
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juha Kere
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, 00014, Helsinki, Finland. .,School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, WC2R 2LS, UK.
| | - Pauliina Damdimopoulou
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden.
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18
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Farley-Barnes KI, McCann KL, Ogawa LM, Merkel J, Surovtseva YV, Baserga SJ. Diverse Regulators of Human Ribosome Biogenesis Discovered by Changes in Nucleolar Number. Cell Rep 2019; 22:1923-1934. [PMID: 29444442 PMCID: PMC5828527 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosome biogenesis is a highly regulated, essential cellular process. Although studies in yeast have established some of the biological principles of ribosome biogenesis, many of the intricacies of its regulation in higher eukaryotes remain unknown. To understand how ribosome biogenesis is globally integrated in human cells, we conducted a genome-wide siRNA screen for regulators of nucleolar number. We found 139 proteins whose depletion changed the number of nucleoli per nucleus from 2–3 to only 1 in human MCF10A cells. Follow-up analyses on 20 hits found many (90%) to be essential for the nucleolar functions of rDNA transcription (7), pre-ribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) processing (16), and/or global protein synthesis (14). This genome-wide analysis exploits the relationship between nucleolar number and function to discover diverse cellular pathways that regulate the making of ribosomes and paves the way for further exploration of the links between ribosome biogenesis and human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine I Farley-Barnes
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Kathleen L McCann
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, PO Box 12233 MD F3-05, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Lisa M Ogawa
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Janie Merkel
- Yale Center for Molecular Discovery, Yale University, 600 West Campus Drive, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Yulia V Surovtseva
- Yale Center for Molecular Discovery, Yale University, 600 West Campus Drive, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Susan J Baserga
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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19
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Herrlinger S, Shao Q, Yang M, Chang Q, Liu Y, Pan X, Yin H, Xie LW, Chen JF. Lin28-mediated temporal promotion of protein synthesis is crucial for neural progenitor cell maintenance and brain development in mice. Development 2019; 146:dev.173765. [PMID: 31064784 DOI: 10.1242/dev.173765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) undergo rapid proliferation during neurulation. This rapid growth generates a high demand for mRNA translation in a timing-dependent manner, but its underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Lin28 is an RNA-binding protein with two paralogs, Lin28a and Lin28b, in mammals. Mice with Lin28b deletion exhibit no developmental defects, whereas we have previously reported that Lin28a deletion leads to microcephaly. Here, we find that Lin28a/b double knockout (dKO) mice display neural tube defects (NTDs) coupled with reduced proliferation and precocious differentiation of NPCs. Using ribosomal protein 24 hypomorphic mice (Rpl24Bst/+ ) as a genetic tool to dampen global protein synthesis, we found that Lin28a-/-;Rpl24Bst/+ compound mutants exhibited NTDs resembling those seen in Lin28a/b dKO mice. Increased NPC numbers and brain sizes in Lin28a-overexpressing mice were rescued by Rpl24Bst/+ heterozygosity. Mechanistically, polysome profiling revealed reduced translation of genes involved in the regulation of cell cycle, ribosome biogenesis and translation in dKO mutants. Ribosome biogenesis was reduced in dKO and increased in Lin28a-overexpressing NPCs. Therefore, Lin28-mediated promotion of protein synthesis is essential for NPC maintenance and early brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Herrlinger
- Center for Craniofacial and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.,Biomedical and Health Sciences Institute, Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Qiang Shao
- Center for Craniofacial and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Mei Yang
- Center for Craniofacial and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Qing Chang
- Center for Craniofacial and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Xiaohan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Yin
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Li-Wei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Fu Chen
- Center for Craniofacial and Molecular Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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20
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Vogt EJ, Tokuhiro K, Guo M, Dale R, Yang G, Shin SW, Movilla MJ, Shroff H, Dean J. Anchoring cortical granules in the cortex ensures trafficking to the plasma membrane for post-fertilization exocytosis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2271. [PMID: 31118423 PMCID: PMC6531442 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10171-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Following fertilization, cortical granules exocytose ovastacin, a metalloendopeptidase that cleaves ZP2 in the zona pellucida surrounding mouse eggs to prevent additional sperm binding. Using high- and super-resolution imaging with ovastacinmCherry as a fluorescent marker, we characterize cortical granule dynamics at single granule resolution in transgenic mouse eggs. Newly-developed imaging protocols provide an unprecedented view of vesicular dynamics near the plasma membrane in mouse eggs. We discover that cortical granule anchoring in the cortex is dependent on maternal MATER and document that myosin IIA is required for biphasic trafficking to the plasma membrane. We observe local clearance of cortical actin during exocytosis and determine that pharmacologic or genetic disruption of trafficking to the plasma membrane impairs secretion of cortical granules and results in polyspermy. Thus, the regulation of cortical granule dynamics at the cortex-plasma membrane interface is critical for exocytosis and the post-fertilization block to sperm binding that ensures monospermic fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar-John Vogt
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Keizo Tokuhiro
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Department of Genome Editing, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Min Guo
- Section on High Resolution Optical Imaging, NIBIB, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Ryan Dale
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Bioinformatics and Scientific Programming Core, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Guanghui Yang
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Seung-Wook Shin
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Maria Jimenez Movilla
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Medical School, University of Murcia, IMIB, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Hari Shroff
- Section on High Resolution Optical Imaging, NIBIB, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Advanced Imaging and Microscopy Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jurrien Dean
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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21
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Bernardo AS, Jouneau A, Marks H, Kensche P, Kobolak J, Freude K, Hall V, Feher A, Polgar Z, Sartori C, Bock I, Louet C, Faial T, Kerstens HHD, Bouissou C, Parsonage G, Mashayekhi K, Smith JC, Lazzari G, Hyttel P, Stunnenberg HG, Huynen M, Pedersen RA, Dinnyes A. Mammalian embryo comparison identifies novel pluripotency genes associated with the naïve or primed state. Biol Open 2018; 7:bio.033282. [PMID: 30026265 PMCID: PMC6124576 DOI: 10.1242/bio.033282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
During early mammalian development, transient pools of pluripotent cells emerge that can be immortalised upon stem cell derivation. The pluripotent state, ‘naïve’ or ‘primed’, depends on the embryonic stage and derivation conditions used. Here we analyse the temporal gene expression patterns of mouse, cattle and porcine embryos at stages that harbour different types of pluripotent cells. We document conserved and divergent traits in gene expression, and identify predictor genes shared across the species that are associated with pluripotent states in vivo and in vitro. Amongst these are the pluripotency-linked genes Klf4 and Lin28b. The novel genes discovered include naïve- (Spic, Scpep1 and Gjb5) and primed-associated (Sema6a and Jakmip2) genes as well as naïve to primed transition genes (Dusp6 and Trip6). Both Gjb5 and Dusp6 play a role in pluripotency since their knockdown results in differentiation and downregulation of key pluripotency genes. Our interspecies comparison revealed new insights of pluripotency, pluripotent stem cell identity and a new molecular criterion for distinguishing between pluripotent states in various species, including human. Summary: Interspecies comparison of mouse, bovine and pig embryos revealed conserved genes which distinguish between naïve and primed pluripotency states, including in human. Some of these genes interfere with the pluripotency network and lead to differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia S Bernardo
- The Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK .,Developmental Biology Department, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, Kings Cross, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Alice Jouneau
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Hendrik Marks
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Kensche
- Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kristine Freude
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Groennegaardsvej 7, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Vanessa Hall
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Groennegaardsvej 7, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Anita Feher
- BioTalentum Ltd, Gödöllő, 2100 Godollo, Hungary
| | | | - Chiara Sartori
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy.,Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Istvan Bock
- BioTalentum Ltd, Gödöllő, 2100 Godollo, Hungary
| | - Claire Louet
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Tiago Faial
- The Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Hindrik H D Kerstens
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Camille Bouissou
- Developmental Biology Department, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, Kings Cross, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Gregory Parsonage
- The Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK.,Developmental Biology Department, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, Kings Cross, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Kaveh Mashayekhi
- BioTalentum Ltd, Gödöllő, 2100 Godollo, Hungary.,Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Groennegaardsvej 7, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - James C Smith
- Developmental Biology Department, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, Kings Cross, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Giovanna Lazzari
- Avantea, Laboratory of Reproductive Technologies, Cremona, 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - Poul Hyttel
- Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Groennegaardsvej 7, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Hendrik G Stunnenberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Huynen
- Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roger A Pedersen
- The Anne McLaren Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Andras Dinnyes
- BioTalentum Ltd, Gödöllő, 2100 Godollo, Hungary .,Molecular Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, Szent István University, H-2100 Godollo, Gödöllő, Hungary.,Departments of Equine Sciences and Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
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22
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Zhang YL, Zhao LW, Zhang J, Le R, Ji SY, Chen C, Gao Y, Li D, Gao S, Fan HY. DCAF13 promotes pluripotency by negatively regulating SUV39H1 stability during early embryonic development. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201898981. [PMID: 30111536 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201898981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian oocytes and zygotes have the unique ability to reprogram a somatic cell nucleus into a totipotent state. SUV39H1/2-mediated histone H3 lysine-9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) is a major barrier to efficient reprogramming. How SUV39H1/2 activities are regulated in early embryos and during generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) remains unclear. Since expression of the CRL4 E3 ubiquitin ligase in oocytes is crucial for female fertility, we analyzed putative CRL4 adaptors (DCAFs) and identified DCAF13 as a novel CRL4 adaptor that is essential for preimplantation embryonic development. Dcaf13 is expressed from eight-cell to morula stages in both murine and human embryos, and Dcaf13 knockout in mice causes preimplantation-stage mortality. Dcaf13 knockout embryos are arrested at the eight- to sixteen-cell stage before compaction, and this arrest is accompanied by high levels of H3K9me3. Mechanistically, CRL4-DCAF13 targets SUV39H1 for polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation and therefore facilitates H3K9me3 removal and zygotic gene expression. Taken together, CRL4-DCAF13-mediated SUV39H1 degradation is an essential step for progressive genome reprogramming during preimplantation embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Li Zhang
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Long-Wen Zhao
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jue Zhang
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Le
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Yan Ji
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yawei Gao
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dali Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaorong Gao
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity & Infant Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng-Yu Fan
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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23
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Zhang J, Zhao J, Dahan P, Lu V, Zhang C, Li H, Teitell MA. Metabolism in Pluripotent Stem Cells and Early Mammalian Development. Cell Metab 2018; 27:332-338. [PMID: 29414683 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Emerging and seminal studies have shown that cell metabolism influences gene expression by modifying the epigenome, which can regulate stem cell pluripotency, differentiation, and somatic cell reprogramming. Core pluripotency factors and developmental regulators reciprocally control the expression of key metabolism genes and their encoded pathways. Recent technological advances enabling sensitive detection methods during early mammalian development revealed the state-specific and context-dependent coordination of signal transduction, histone modifications, and gene expression in developing, resting, and malnourished embryos. Here, we discuss metabolism as a potential driver of earliest cell fate through its influence on the epigenome and gene expression in embryos and their in vitro surrogate pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital and Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Perrine Dahan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Vivian Lu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Hu Li
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael A Teitell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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24
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Talbot NC, Sparks WO, Phillips CE, Ealy AD, Powell AM, Caperna TJ, Garrett WM, Donovan DM, Blomberg LA. Bovine trophectoderm cells induced from bovine fibroblasts with induced pluripotent stem cell reprogramming factors. Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:468-485. [PMID: 28332752 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Thirteen independent induced bovine trophectroderm (iBT) cell lines were established by reprogramming bovine fetal liver-derived fibroblasts after viral-vector transduction with either six or eight factors, including POU5F1 (OCT4), KLF4, SOX2, MYC, NANOG, LIN28, SV40 large T antigen, and hTERT. Light- and electron-microscopy analysis showed that the iBT cells had epithelial cell morphology typical of bovine trophectoderm cells. Reverse-transcription-PCR assays indicated that all of the cell lines expressed interferon-tau (IFNT) at passages 1 or 2. At later passages (≥ passage 8), however, immunoblot and antiviral activity assays revealed that more than half of the iBT cell lines had stopped expressing IFNT. Messenger RNAs specific to trophectoderm differentiation and function were found in the iBT cell lines, and 2-dimensional-gel analysis for cellular proteins showed an expression pattern similar to that of trophectoderm cell lines derived from bovine blastocysts. Integration of some of the human reprogramming factors, including POU5F1, KLF4, SOX2, MYC, NANOG, and LIN28, were detected by PCR, but their transcription was mostly absent in the iBT cell lines. Gene expression assessment of endogenous bovine reprogramming factor orthologs revealed endogenous bLIN28 and bMYC transcripts in all; bSOX2 and bNANOG in none; and bKLF4 and bPOU5F1 in less than half of the iBT cell lines. These results demonstrate that bovine trophectoderm can be induced via reprogramming factor expression from bovine liver-derived fibroblasts, although other fibroblast populations-e.g., derived from fetal thigh tissue-may produce similar results, albeit at lower frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil C Talbot
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
| | - Wendy O Sparks
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
| | - Caitlin E Phillips
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
| | - Alan D Ealy
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Anne M Powell
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
| | - Thomas J Caperna
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
| | - Wesley M Garrett
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
| | - David M Donovan
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
| | - Le Ann Blomberg
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal Biosciences and Biotechnology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland
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25
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Yu T, Ma Y, Wang H. EpCAM Intracellular Domain Promotes Porcine Cell Reprogramming by Upregulation of Pluripotent Gene Expression via Beta-catenin Signaling. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46315. [PMID: 28393933 PMCID: PMC5385527 DOI: 10.1038/srep46315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous study showed that expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) was significantly upregulated in porcine induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs). However, the regulatory mechanism and the downstream target genes of EpCAM were not well investigated. In this study, we found that EpCAM was undetectable in fibroblasts, but highly expressed in piPSCs. Promoter of EpCAM was upregulated by zygotic activated factors LIN28, and ESRRB, but repressed by maternal factors OCT4 and SOX2. Knocking down EpCAM by shRNA significantly reduced the pluripotent gene expression. Conversely, overexpression of EpCAM significantly increased the number of alkaline phosphatase positive colonies and elevated the expression of endogenous pluripotent genes. As a key surface-to-nucleus factor, EpCAM releases its intercellular domain (EpICD) by a two-step proteolytic processing sequentially. Blocking the proteolytic processing by inhibitors TAPI-1 and DAPT could reduce the intracellular level of EpICD and lower expressions of OCT4, SOX2, LIN28, and ESRRB. We noticed that increasing intracellular EpICD only was unable to improve activity of EpCAM targeted genes, but by blocking GSK-3 signaling and stabilizing beta-catenin signaling, EpICD could then significantly stimulate the promoter activity. These results showed that EpCAM intracellular domain required beta-catenin signaling to enhance porcine cell reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yu
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yangyang Ma
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Huayan Wang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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26
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Zhang K, Smith GW. Maternal control of early embryogenesis in mammals. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017; 27:880-96. [PMID: 25695370 DOI: 10.1071/rd14441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Oocyte quality is a critical factor limiting the efficiency of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and pregnancy success in farm animals and humans. ART success is diminished with increased maternal age, suggesting a close link between poor oocyte quality and ovarian aging. However, the regulation of oocyte quality remains poorly understood. Oocyte quality is functionally linked to ART success because the maternal-to-embryonic transition (MET) is dependent on stored maternal factors, which are accumulated in oocytes during oocyte development and growth. The MET consists of critical developmental processes, including maternal RNA depletion and embryonic genome activation. In recent years, key maternal proteins encoded by maternal-effect genes have been determined, primarily using genetically modified mouse models. These proteins are implicated in various aspects of early embryonic development, including maternal mRNA degradation, epigenetic reprogramming, signal transduction, protein translation and initiation of embryonic genome activation. Species differences exist in the number of cell divisions encompassing the MET and maternal-effect genes controlling this developmental window. Perturbations of maternal control, some of which are associated with ovarian aging, result in decreased oocyte quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Laboratory of Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Genomics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - George W Smith
- Laboratory of Mammalian Reproductive Biology and Genomics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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27
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Lavrentyeva E, Shishova K, Kagarlitsky G, Zatsepina O. Localisation of RNAs and proteins in nucleolar precursor bodies of early mouse embryos. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017; 29:509-520. [PMID: 26376167 DOI: 10.1071/rd15200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Early embryos of all mammalian species contain morphologically distinct but transcriptionally silent nucleoli called the nucleolar precursor bodies (NPBs), which, unlike normal nucleoli, have been poorly studied at the biochemical level. To bridge this gap, here we examined the occurrence of RNA and proteins in early mouse embryos with two fluorochromes - an RNA-binding dye pyronin Y (PY) and the protein-binding dye fluorescein-5'-isothiocyanate (FITC). The staining patterns of zygotic NPBs were then compared with those of nucleolus-like bodies (NLBs) in fully grown surrounded nucleolus (SN)-type oocytes, which are morphologically similar to NPBs. We show that both entities contain proteins, but unlike NLBs, NPBs are significantly impoverished for RNA. Detectable amounts of RNA appear on the NPB surface only after resumption of rDNA transcription and includes pre-rRNAs and 28S rRNA as evidenced by fluorescence in situ hybridisation with specific oligonucleotide probes. Immunocytochemical assays demonstrate that zygotic NPBs contain rRNA processing factors fibrillarin, nucleophosmin and nucleolin, while UBF (the RNA polymerase I transcription factor) and ribosomal proteins RPL26 and RPS10 are not detectable. Based on the results obtained and data in the contemporary literature, we suggest a scheme of NPB assembly and maturation to normal nucleoli that assumes utilisation of maternally derived nucleolar proteins but of nascent rRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lavrentyeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Kseniya Shishova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - German Kagarlitsky
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Zatsepina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
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28
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Li J, Gao Z, Wang X, Liu H, Zhang Y, Liu Z. Identification and functional analysis of long intergenic noncoding RNA genes in porcine pre-implantation embryonic development. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38333. [PMID: 27922056 PMCID: PMC5138625 DOI: 10.1038/srep38333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide transcriptome studies have identified thousands of long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs), some of which play important roles in pre-implantation embryonic development (PED). Pig is an ideal model for reproduction, however, porcine lincRNAs are still poorly characterized and it is unknown if they are associated with porcine PED. Here we reconstructed 195,531 transcripts in 122,007 loci, and identified 7,618 novel lincRNAs from 4,776 loci based on published RNA-seq data. These lincRNAs show low exon number, short length, low expression level, tissue-specific expression and cis-acting, which is consistent with previous reports in other species. By weighted co-expression network analysis, we identified 5 developmental stages specific co-expression modules. Gene ontology enrichment analysis of these specific co-expression modules suggested that many lincRNAs are associated with cell cycle regulation, transcription and metabolism to regulate the process of zygotic genome activation. Futhermore, we identified hub lincRNAs in each co-expression modules, and found two lincRNAs TCONS_00166370 and TCONS_00020255 may play a vital role in porcine PED. This study systematically analyze lincRNAs in pig and provides the first catalog of lincRNAs that might function as gene regulatory factors of porcine PED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Li
- College of Life Science, North-east Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.,Chong Qing Reproductive and Genetics Institute, Chongqing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, 64 Jing Tang ST, Yu Zhong District, Chongqing, 400013, China
| | - Zhengling Gao
- College of Life Science, North-east Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- College of Life Science, North-east Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
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29
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Debowski K, Drummer C, Lentes J, Cors M, Dressel R, Lingner T, Salinas-Riester G, Fuchs S, Sasaki E, Behr R. The transcriptomes of novel marmoset monkey embryonic stem cell lines reflect distinct genomic features. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29122. [PMID: 27385131 PMCID: PMC4935898 DOI: 10.1038/srep29122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are useful for the study of embryonic development. However, since research on naturally conceived human embryos is limited, non-human primate (NHP) embryos and NHP ESCs represent an excellent alternative to the corresponding human entities. Though, ESC lines derived from naturally conceived NHP embryos are still very rare. Here, we report the generation and characterization of four novel ESC lines derived from natural preimplantation embryos of the common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus). For the first time we document derivation of NHP ESCs derived from morula stages. We show that quantitative chromosome-wise transcriptome analyses precisely reflect trisomies present in both morula-derived ESC lines. We also demonstrate that the female ESC lines exhibit different states of X-inactivation which is impressively reflected by the abundance of the lncRNA X inactive-specific transcript (XIST). The novel marmoset ESC lines will promote basic primate embryo and ESC studies as well as preclinical testing of ESC-based regenerative approaches in NHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Debowski
- Platform Degenerative Diseases, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Charis Drummer
- Platform Degenerative Diseases, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jana Lentes
- Platform Degenerative Diseases, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Maren Cors
- Platform Degenerative Diseases, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ralf Dressel
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Humboldtallee 34, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Lingner
- Microarray and Deep-Sequencing Core Facility, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gabriela Salinas-Riester
- Microarray and Deep-Sequencing Core Facility, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sigrid Fuchs
- Department of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Erika Sasaki
- Department of Applied Developmental Biology, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-0821 Japan.,Keio Advanced Research Center, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rüdiger Behr
- Platform Degenerative Diseases, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Germany
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30
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Kutteyil SS, Kulkarni BJ, Mojidra R, Joseph S, Pathak BR, Mahale SD. Comparison of marmoset and human FSH using synthetic peptides of the β-subunit L2 loop region and anti-peptide antibodies. J Pept Sci 2016; 22:397-405. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susha S. Kutteyil
- Division of Structural Biology; National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (Indian Council of Medical Research); Jehangir Merwanji Street Parel Mumbai 400 012 India
| | - Bhalchandra J. Kulkarni
- Division of Structural Biology; National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (Indian Council of Medical Research); Jehangir Merwanji Street Parel Mumbai 400 012 India
| | - Rahul Mojidra
- Division of Structural Biology; National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (Indian Council of Medical Research); Jehangir Merwanji Street Parel Mumbai 400 012 India
| | - Shaini Joseph
- Biomedical Informatics Centre; National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (Indian Council of Medical Research); Jehangir Merwanji Street Parel Mumbai 400 012 India
| | - Bhakti R. Pathak
- Division of Structural Biology; National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (Indian Council of Medical Research); Jehangir Merwanji Street Parel Mumbai 400 012 India
| | - Smita D. Mahale
- Division of Structural Biology; National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (Indian Council of Medical Research); Jehangir Merwanji Street Parel Mumbai 400 012 India
- Biomedical Informatics Centre; National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (Indian Council of Medical Research); Jehangir Merwanji Street Parel Mumbai 400 012 India
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Ma TH, Lee LW, Lee CC, Yi YH, Chan SP, Tan BCM, Lo SJ. Genetic control of nucleolar size: An evolutionary perspective. Nucleus 2016; 7:112-20. [PMID: 27003693 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2016.1166322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exploiting a C. elegans mutant (ncl-1) exhibiting nucleolar abnormalities, we recently identified the let-7/ncl-1/fib-1 genetic cascade underlying proper rRNA abundance and nucleolar size. These 3 factors, let-7 (a miRNA), NCL-1 (a member of the TRIM-NHL family), and fibrillarin (a nucleolar methyltransferase), are evolutionarily conserved across metazoans. In this article, we provide several lines of bioinformatic evidence showing that human and Drosophila homologues of C. elegans NCL-1, TRIM-71 and Brat, respectively, likely act as translational suppressors of fibrillarin. Moreover, since their 3'-UTRs contain putative target sites, they may also be under the control of the let-7 miRNA. We hypothesize that let-7, TRIM and fibrillarin contribute activities in concert, and constitute a conserved network controlling nucleolar size in eukaryotes. We provide an in-depth literature review of various molecular pathways, including the let-7/ncl-1/fib-1 genetic cascade, implicated in the regulation of nucleolar size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Hsiang Ma
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , TaoYuan , Taiwan.,b Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences , College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , TaoYuan , Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Lee
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , TaoYuan , Taiwan.,c Molecular Medicine Research Center , College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , TaoYuan , Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Lee
- d Institute of Chemistry , Academia Sinica , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsiang Yi
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , TaoYuan , Taiwan.,c Molecular Medicine Research Center , College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , TaoYuan , Taiwan
| | - Shih-Peng Chan
- e Graduate Institute of Microbiology , College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Bertrand Chin-Ming Tan
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , TaoYuan , Taiwan.,b Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences , College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , TaoYuan , Taiwan.,c Molecular Medicine Research Center , College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , TaoYuan , Taiwan
| | - Szecheng J Lo
- a Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , TaoYuan , Taiwan.,b Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences , College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , TaoYuan , Taiwan.,c Molecular Medicine Research Center , College of Medicine , Chang Gung University , TaoYuan , Taiwan
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Koné MC, Fleurot R, Chebrout M, Debey P, Beaujean N, Bonnet-Garnier A. Three-Dimensional Distribution of UBF and Nopp140 in Relationship to Ribosomal DNA Transcription During Mouse Preimplantation Development. Biol Reprod 2016; 94:95. [PMID: 26984997 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.136366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleolus is a dynamic nuclear compartment that is mostly involved in ribosome subunit biogenesis; however, it may also play a role in many other biological processes, such as stress response and the cell cycle. Mainly using electron microscopy, several studies have tried to decipher how active nucleoli are set up during early development in mice. In this study, we analyzed nucleologenesis during mouse early embryonic development using 3D-immunofluorescent detection of UBF and Nopp140, two proteins associated with different nucleolar compartments. UBF is a transcription factor that helps maintain the euchromatic state of ribosomal genes; Nopp140 is a phosphoprotein that has been implicated in pre-rRNA processing. First, using detailed image analyses and the in situ proximity ligation assay technique, we demonstrate that UBF and Nopp140 dynamic redistribution between the two-cell and blastocyst stages (time of implantation) is correlated with morphological and structural modifications that occur in embryonic nucleolar compartments. Our results also support the hypothesis that nucleoli develop at the periphery of nucleolar precursor bodies. Finally, we show that the RNA polymerase I inhibitor CX-5461: 1) disrupts transcriptional activity, 2) alters preimplantation development, and 3) leads to a complete reorganization of UBF and Nopp140 distribution. Altogether, our results underscore that highly dynamic changes are occurring in the nucleoli of embryos and confirm a close link between ribosomal gene transcription and nucleologenesis during the early stages of development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Renaud Fleurot
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Martine Chebrout
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Pascale Debey
- Sorbonne-Universités, MNHN, CNRS, INSERM, Structure et instabilité des génomes, Paris, France
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Yi YH, Ma TH, Lee LW, Chiou PT, Chen PH, Lee CM, Chu YD, Yu H, Hsiung KC, Tsai YT, Lee CC, Chang YS, Chan SP, Tan BCM, Lo SJ. A Genetic Cascade of let-7-ncl-1-fib-1 Modulates Nucleolar Size and rRNA Pool in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005580. [PMID: 26492166 PMCID: PMC4619655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosome biogenesis takes place in the nucleolus, the size of which is often coordinated with cell growth and development. However, how metazoans control nucleolar size remains largely unknown. Caenorhabditis elegans provides a good model to address this question owing to distinct tissue distribution of nucleolar sizes and a mutant, ncl-1, which exhibits larger nucleoli than wild-type worms. Here, through a series of loss-of-function analyses, we report that the nucleolar size is regulated by a circuitry composed of microRNA let-7, translation repressor NCL-1, and a major nucleolar pre-rRNA processing protein FIB-1/fibrillarin. In cooperation with RNA binding proteins PUF and NOS, NCL-1 suppressed the translation of FIB-1/fibrillarin, while let-7 targeted the 3’UTR of ncl-1 and inhibited its expression. Consequently, the abundance of FIB-1 is tightly controlled and correlated with the nucleolar size. Together, our findings highlight a novel genetic cascade by which post-transcriptional regulators interplay in developmental control of nucleolar size and function. Among the RNA/protein bodies within the nucleus, nucleoli are essential factories for ribosome production and assembly. The size and morphology of the nucleolus is thus a cytological manifestation of protein biosynthesis and is closely coordinated with cell biology and even malignancy. However, without membrane delimitation, the principles that define nucleoli size are poorly understood. Caenorhabditis elegans represents an ideal model to address this question owing to distinct tissue distribution of nucleolar sizes and a mutant, ncl-1, which exhibits larger-than-normal nucleoli. We report here a genetic cascade of microRNA let-7 and translation repressor NCL-1, which tightly controls abundance of FIB-1/fibrillarin. This network ultimately contributes to developmental control of nucleolar size and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Hsiang Yi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Hsiang Ma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
| | - Pey-Tsyr Chiou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ming Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-De Chu
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang Yu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Ching Hsiung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Tzang Tsai
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sun Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Peng Chan
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (SPC); (BCMT); (SJL)
| | - Bertrand Chin-Ming Tan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (SPC); (BCMT); (SJL)
| | - Szecheng J. Lo
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (SPC); (BCMT); (SJL)
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Abstract
LIN28 is an RNA-binding protein that is best known for its roles in promoting pluripotency via regulation of the microRNA let-7. However, recent studies have uncovered new roles for LIN28 and have revealed how it functions, suggesting that it is more than just a regulator of miRNA biogenesis. Together, these findings imply a new paradigm for LIN28 - as a gatekeeper molecule that regulates the transition between pluripotency and committed cell lineages, in both let-7-dependent and let-7-independent manners. Here, we provide an overview of LIN28 function in development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Tsialikas
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA
| | - Jennifer Romer-Seibert
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ 08084, USA
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Pogozhykh O, Pogozhykh D, Neehus AL, Hoffmann A, Blasczyk R, Müller T. Molecular and cellular characteristics of human and non-human primate multipotent stromal cells from the amnion and bone marrow during long term culture. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:150. [PMID: 26297012 PMCID: PMC4546288 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) are among the key candidates in regenerative medicine. However variety of MSC sources and general heterogeneity lead to controversial data in functional characterization. Furthermore, despite intensive usage as preclinical animal model, little is known about MSCs of the common marmoset monkey. Methods MSCs derived from placental amnion and bone marrow samples from human and common marmoset were characterized in parallel over 12 passages to monitor similarities and significant differences (p ≤ 0.05, Student’s t-test) in MSC markers and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I expression by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, real-time PCR, metabolic activity test, with special focus on pluripotency associated genes. Results Human and non-human primate MSCs were characterized for expression of MSC markers and capability of differentiation into mesenchymal lineages. MSCs could be cultured more than 100 days (26 passages), but metabolic activity was significantly enhanced in amnion vs. bone marrow MSCs. Interestingly, MHC class I expression is significantly reduced in amnion MSCs until passage 6 in human and marmoset, but not in bone marrow cells. For MSC markers, CD73 and CD105 levels remain unchanged in amnion MSCs and slightly decline in bone marrow at late passages; CD166 is significantly higher expressed in human MSCs, CD106 significantly lower vs. marmoset. All cultured MSCs showed pluripotency marker expression like Oct-4A at passage 3 significantly decreasing over time (passages 6–12) while Nanog expression was highest in human bone marrow MSCs. Furthermore, human MSCs demonstrated the highest Sox2 levels vs. marmoset, whereas the marmoset exhibited significantly higher Lin28A values. Bisulfite sequencing of the Oct-4 promoter region displayed fewer methylations of CpG islands in the marmoset vs. human. Conclusions Little is known about MSC characteristics from the preclinical animal model common marmoset vs. human during long term culture. Studied human and common marmoset samples share many similar features such as most MSC markers and reduced MHC class I expression in amnion cells vs. bone marrow. Furthermore, pluripotency markers indicate in both species a subpopulation of MSCs with true ‘stemness’, which could explain their high proliferation capacity, though possessing differences between human and marmoset in Lin28A and Sox2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Pogozhykh
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Denys Pogozhykh
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Anna-Lena Neehus
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Andrea Hoffmann
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Straße 1-7, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Rainer Blasczyk
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Thomas Müller
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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Dang-Nguyen TQ, Torres-Padilla ME. How cells build totipotency and pluripotency: nuclear, chromatin and transcriptional architecture. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2015; 34:9-15. [PMID: 25935759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Totipotent and pluripotent cells display different degrees of cellular plasticity. After fertilization, embryonic cells transit naturally from a totipotent to a pluripotent state. Major changes in nuclear architecture, chromatin mobility and gene expression occur during this transition. In particular, nuclear architecture has recently emerged as a potential regulator of heterochromatin formation in the early embryo. Future research should address whether a causal, functional link between nuclear organization and gene regulation is a general theme during reprogramming and the formation of pluripotent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Quang Dang-Nguyen
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM U964, Université de Strasbourg, F-67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Maria-Elena Torres-Padilla
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM U964, Université de Strasbourg, F-67404 Illkirch, France.
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Debowski K, Warthemann R, Lentes J, Salinas-Riester G, Dressel R, Langenstroth D, Gromoll J, Sasaki E, Behr R. Non-viral generation of marmoset monkey iPS cells by a six-factor-in-one-vector approach. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118424. [PMID: 25785453 PMCID: PMC4365012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Groundbreaking studies showed that differentiated somatic cells of mouse and human origin could be reverted to a stable pluripotent state by the ectopic expression of only four proteins. The resulting pluripotent cells, called induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, could be an alternative to embryonic stem cells, which are under continuous ethical debate. Hence, iPS cell-derived functional cells such as neurons may become the key for an effective treatment of currently incurable degenerative diseases. However, besides the requirement of efficacy testing of the therapy also its long-term safety needs to be carefully evaluated in settings mirroring the clinical situation in an optimal way. In this context, we chose the long-lived common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) as a non-human primate species to generate iPS cells. The marmoset monkey is frequently used in biomedical research and is gaining more and more preclinical relevance due to the increasing number of disease models. Here, we describe, to our knowledge, the first-time generation of marmoset monkey iPS cells from postnatal skin fibroblasts by non-viral means. We used the transposon-based, fully reversible piggyback system. We cloned the marmoset monkey reprogramming factors and established robust and reproducible reprogramming protocols with a six-factor-in-one-construct approach. We generated six individual iPS cell lines and characterized them in comparison with marmoset monkey embryonic stem cells. The generated iPS cells are morphologically indistinguishable from marmoset ES cells. The iPS cells are fully reprogrammed as demonstrated by differentiation assays, pluripotency marker expression and transcriptome analysis. They are stable for numerous passages (more than 80) and exhibit euploidy. In summary, we have established efficient non-viral reprogramming protocols for the derivation of stable marmoset monkey iPS cells, which can be used to develop and test cell replacement therapies in preclinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Debowski
- Stem Cell Biology Unit, German Primate Center—Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
- * E-mail: (KD); (RB)
| | - Rita Warthemann
- Stem Cell Biology Unit, German Primate Center—Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jana Lentes
- Stem Cell Biology Unit, German Primate Center—Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gabriela Salinas-Riester
- Microarray and Deep-Sequencing Core Facility, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ralf Dressel
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Langenstroth
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jörg Gromoll
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Erika Sasaki
- Department of Applied Developmental Biology, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan, Keio Advanced Research Center, Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rüdiger Behr
- Stem Cell Biology Unit, German Primate Center—Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- * E-mail: (KD); (RB)
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Liu S, Bou G, Sun R, Guo S, Xue B, Wei R, Cooney AJ, Liu Z. Sox2 is the faithful marker for pluripotency in pig: evidence from embryonic studies. Dev Dyn 2015; 244:619-27. [PMID: 25619399 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammalian first lineage segregation generates trophectoderm (TE) and pluripotent inner cell mass (ICM), which provides an ideal model for studying the mechanisms of maintenance and loss of pluripotency. In mouse, the transcription factor OCT4 restricts to ICM and plays a key role in TE/ICM specification and pluripotent regulatory networks. However, in pig, OCT4 does not restrict to ICM cells, suggesting a different molecular basis in TE/ICM specification and pluripotent regulatory networks. RESULTS To explore molecular basis of porcine TE/ICM specification and pluripotent regulatory networks, we examined expression pattern of pluripotency factors, including SOX2, REX1, SALL4, ESG1, NANOG, TBX3, LIN28, KLF2, and KLF5, in porcine blastocysts. We found that SOX2 is a faithful pluripotent marker that anchored to the pluripotent cells including embryonic part cells, ICM cells and newly EPI cells along with developmental progress, whereas OCT4 expressed in almost all the cells at the same time. Consistently, analysis of spatiotemporal distribution of SOX2 and the TE marker CDX2 revealed an exclusive expression pattern in D6 blastocysts, whereas no correlation was observed between OCT4 and CDX2 at the same stage. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a molecular basis in porcine embryonic patterning and a clue for further studying porcine pluripotent regulatory networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Liu
- College of life science, Northeast Agricultural University of China, Harbin, China
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Proteomic characterization of the nucleolar linker histone H1 interaction network. J Mol Biol 2015; 427:2056-71. [PMID: 25584861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the relationship between linker histone H1 and protein-protein interactions in the nucleolus, we used biochemical and proteomics approaches to characterize nucleoli purified from cultured human and mouse cells. Mass spectrometry identified 175 proteins in human T cell nucleolar extracts that bound to Sepharose-immobilized H1 in vitro. Gene ontology analysis found significant enrichment for H1 binding proteins with functions related to nucleolar chromatin structure and RNA polymerase I transcription regulation, rRNA processing, and mRNA splicing. Consistent with the affinity binding results, H1 existed in large (400 to >650kDa) macromolecular complexes in human T cell nucleolar extracts. To complement the biochemical experiments, we investigated the effects of in vivo H1 depletion on protein content and structural integrity of the nucleolus using the H1 triple isoform knockout (H1ΔTKO) mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) model system. Proteomic profiling of purified wild-type mESC nucleoli identified a total of 613 proteins, only ~60% of which were detected in the H1 mutant nucleoli. Within the affected group, spectral counting analysis quantitated 135 specific nucleolar proteins whose levels were significantly altered in H1ΔTKO mESC. Importantly, the functions of the affected proteins in mESC closely overlapped with those of the human T cell nucleolar H1 binding proteins. Immunofluorescence microscopy of intact H1ΔTKO mESC demonstrated both a loss of nucleolar RNA content and altered nucleolar morphology resulting from in vivo H1 depletion. We conclude that H1 organizes and maintains an extensive protein-protein interaction network in the nucleolus required for nucleolar structure and integrity.
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Fam40b is required for lineage commitment of murine embryonic stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1320. [PMID: 25010986 PMCID: PMC4123067 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
FAM40B (STRIP2) is a member of the striatin-interacting phosphatase and kinase (STRIPAK) complex that is involved in the regulation of various processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation. Its role for differentiation processes in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is till now completely unknown. Short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated silencing of Fam40b expression in ESCs and differentiating embryoid bodies (EBs) led to perturbed differentiation to embryonic germ layers and their derivatives including a complete abrogation of cardiomyogenesis. Pluripotency factors such as Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2 as well as epigenetic factors such as histone acetyltransferase type B (HAT1) and DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3-β (Dnmt3b) were highly upregulated in Fam40b knockdown EBs as compared with control and scrambled EBs. To examine the relevance of Fam40b for development in vivo, Fam40b was knocked down in developing zebrafish. Morpholino-mediated knockdown of Fam40b led to severe abnormalities of the cardiovascular system, including an impaired expression of ventricular myosin heavy chain (vmhc) and of cardiac myosin light chain 2 (cmlc2) in the heart. We identified the gene product of Fam40b in ESCs as a perinuclear and nucleolar protein with a molecular weight of 96 kDa. We conclude that the expression of Fam40b is essential for the lineage commitment of murine embryonic stem cells (mESCs) into differentiated somatic cells via mechanisms involving pluripotency and epigenetic networks.
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Fereydouni B, Drummer C, Aeckerle N, Schlatt S, Behr R. The neonatal marmoset monkey ovary is very primitive exhibiting many oogonia. Reproduction 2014; 148:237-47. [PMID: 24840529 PMCID: PMC4086814 DOI: 10.1530/rep-14-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oogonia are characterized by diploidy and mitotic proliferation. Human and mouse oogonia express several factors such as OCT4, which are characteristic of pluripotent cells. In human, almost all oogonia enter meiosis between weeks 9 and 22 of prenatal development or undergo mitotic arrest and subsequent elimination from the ovary. As a consequence, neonatal human ovaries generally lack oogonia. The same was found in neonatal ovaries of the rhesus monkey, a representative of the old world monkeys (Catarrhini). By contrast, proliferating oogonia were found in adult prosimians (now called Strepsirrhini), which is a group of ‘lower’ primates. The common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) belongs to the new world monkeys (Platyrrhini) and is increasingly used in reproductive biology and stem cell research. However, ovarian development in the marmoset monkey has not been widely investigated. Herein, we show that the neonatal marmoset ovary has an extremely immature histological appearance compared with the human ovary. It contains numerous oogonia expressing the pluripotency factors OCT4A, SALL4, and LIN28A (LIN28). The pluripotency factor-positive germ cells also express the proliferation marker MKI67 (Ki-67), which has previously been shown in the human ovary to be restricted to premeiotic germ cells. Together, the data demonstrate the primitiveness of the neonatal marmoset ovary compared with human. This study may introduce the marmoset monkey as a non-human primate model to experimentally study the aspects of primate primitive gonad development, follicle assembly, and germ cell biology in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Fereydouni
- Stem Cell Biology UnitGerman Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, GermanyCentre of Reproductive Medicine and AndrologyUniversity of Münster, Domagkstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - C Drummer
- Stem Cell Biology UnitGerman Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, GermanyCentre of Reproductive Medicine and AndrologyUniversity of Münster, Domagkstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - N Aeckerle
- Stem Cell Biology UnitGerman Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, GermanyCentre of Reproductive Medicine and AndrologyUniversity of Münster, Domagkstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - S Schlatt
- Stem Cell Biology UnitGerman Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, GermanyCentre of Reproductive Medicine and AndrologyUniversity of Münster, Domagkstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - R Behr
- Stem Cell Biology UnitGerman Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, GermanyCentre of Reproductive Medicine and AndrologyUniversity of Münster, Domagkstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Flemr M, Moravec M, Libova V, Sedlacek R, Svoboda P. Lin28a is dormant, functional, and dispensable during mouse oocyte-to-embryo transition. Biol Reprod 2014; 90:131. [PMID: 24829024 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.118703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The oocyte-to-embryo transition (OET) denotes transformation of a highly differentiated oocyte into totipotent blastomeres of the early mammalian embryo. OET depends exclusively on maternal RNAs and proteins accumulated during oocyte growth, which implies importance of post-transcriptional control of gene expression. OET includes replacement of abundant maternal microRNAs (miRNAs), enriched also in differentiated cells and exemplified by the Let-7 family, with embryonic miRNAs common in pluripotent stem cells (the miR-290 family in the mouse). Lin28a and its homolog Lin28b encode RNA-binding proteins, which interfere with Let-7 maturation and facilitate reprogramming of induced pluripotent stem cells. Both Lin28a and Lin28b transcripts are abundant in mouse oocytes. To test the role of maternal expression of Lin28a and Lin28b during oocyte-to-zygote reprogramming, we generated mice with oocyte-specific knockdown of both genes by using transgenic RNA interference. Lin28a and Lin28b are dispensable during oocyte growth because their knockdown has no effect on Let-7a levels in fully grown germinal vesicle (GV)-intact oocytes. Furthermore, transgenic females were fertile and produced healthy offspring, and their overall breeding performance was comparable to that of wild-type mice. At the same time, 2-cell embryos derived from transgenic females showed up-regulation of mature Let-7, suggesting that maternally provided LIN28A and LIN28B function during zygotic genome activation. Consistent with this conclusion is increased translation of Lin28a transcripts upon resumption of meiosis. Our data imply dual repression of Let-7 during OET in the mouse model, the selective suppression of Let-7 biogenesis by Lin28 homologs superimposed on previously reported global suppression of miRNA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matyas Flemr
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Moravec
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Libova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Svoboda
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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Ouchi Y, Yamamoto J, Iwamoto T. The heterochronic genes lin-28a and lin-28b play an essential and evolutionarily conserved role in early zebrafish development. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88086. [PMID: 24516585 PMCID: PMC3916362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The Caenorhabditis elegans heterochronic gene pathway, which consists of a set of regulatory genes, plays an important regulatory role in the timing of stage-specific cell lineage development in nematodes. Research into the heterochronic gene pathway gave rise to landmark microRNA (miRNA) studies and showed that these genes are important in stem cell and cancer biology; however, their functions in vertebrate development are largely unknown. To elucidate the function of the heterochronic gene pathway during vertebrate development, we cloned the zebrafish homologs of the C. elegans let-7 miRNA-binding protein, Lin-28, and analyzed their function in zebrafish development. The zebrafish genome contains two Lin28-related genes, lin-28a and lin-28b. Similar to mammalian Lin28 proteins, both zebrafish Lin-28a and Lin-28b have a conserved cold-shock domain and a pair of CCHC zinc finger domains, and are ubiquitously expressed during early embryonic development. In a reciprocal fashion, the expression of downstream heterochronic genes, let-7 and lin-4/miR-125 miRNA, occurred subsequent to lin-28 expression. The knockdown of Lin-28a or Lin-28b function by morpholino microinjection into embryos resulted in severe cell proliferation defects during early morphogenesis. We found that the expression of let-7 miRNA was upregulated and its downstream target gene, lin-41, was downregulated in these embryos. Interestingly, the expression of miR-430, a key regulator of maternal mRNA decay, was downregulated in lin-28a and lin-28b morphant embryos, suggesting a role for Lin-28 in the maternal-to-zygotic transition in zebrafish. Taken together, our results suggest an evolutionarily conserved and pivotal role of the heterochronic gene pathway in early vertebrate embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Ouchi
- The Center for Education in Laboratory Animal Research, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jyunya Yamamoto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashi Iwamoto
- The Center for Education in Laboratory Animal Research, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Seabrook JL, Cantlon JD, Cooney AJ, McWhorter EE, Fromme BA, Bouma GJ, Anthony RV, Winger QA. Role of LIN28A in mouse and human trophoblast cell differentiation. Biol Reprod 2013; 89:95. [PMID: 24006280 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.109868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper regulation of trophoblast proliferation, differentiation, and function are critical for placenta development and function. The RNA-binding protein, LIN28A, has been well characterized as a potent regulator of differentiation in embryonic stem cells; however, little is known about the function of LIN28A in the placenta. We assessed LIN28A in vitro using mouse trophoblast stem (mTS) cells and human trophoblast cells (ACH-3P). We observed that LIN28A decreased and let-7 miRNA increased when mTS cells were induced to differentiate into mouse trophoblast giant cells (mTGCs) upon the removal of FGF4, heparin and conditioned medium. Similarly, we observed that LIN28A decreased in ACH-3P cells induced to syncytialize with forskolin treatment. To assess LIN28A in vivo we examined Embryonic Day 11.5 mouse placenta and observed abundant LIN28A in the chorioallantoic interface and labyrinth layer, with little LIN28A staining in spongiotrophoblast or differentiated mTGCs. Additionally, shRNA-mediated LIN28A knockdown in ACH-3P cells resulted in increased spontaneous syncytialization, and increased levels of syncytiotrophoblast markers hCG, LGALS13, and ERVW-1 mRNA. Additionally, targeted degradation of LIN28A mRNA increased responsiveness to forskolin-induced differentiation. In contrast, targeted degradation of Lin28a mRNA in mTS cells did not alter cell phenotype when maintained under proliferative culture conditions. Together, these data establish that LIN28A has a functional role in regulating trophoblast differentiation and function, and that loss of LIN28A in human trophoblast is sufficient to induce differentiation, but does not induce differentiation in the mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill L Seabrook
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
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Abstract
In recent years, the highly conserved Lin28 RNA-binding proteins have emerged as factors that define stemness in several tissue lineages. Lin28 proteins repress let-7 microRNAs and influence mRNA translation, thereby regulating the self-renewal of mammalian embryonic stem cells. Subsequent discoveries revealed that Lin28a and Lin28b are also important in organismal growth and metabolism, tissue development, somatic reprogramming, and cancer. In this review, we discuss the Lin28 pathway and its regulation, outline its roles in stem cells, tissue development, and pathogenesis, and examine the ramifications for re-engineering mammalian physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ng Shyh-Chang
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - George Q. Daley
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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