1
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Mack AF, Bihlmaier R, Deffner F. Shifting from ependyma to choroid plexus epithelium and the changing expressions of aquaporin-1 and aquaporin-4. J Physiol 2024; 602:3097-3110. [PMID: 37975746 DOI: 10.1113/jp284196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The cells of the choroid plexus (CP) epithelium are specialized ependymal cells (ECs) but have distinct properties. The CP cells and ECs form single-cell sheets contiguous to each other at a transitional zone. The CP is underlined by a basal lamina and has barrier properties, whereas the ECs do not. The basal lamina of the CP is continuous with the glia limitans superficialis and, consequently, the CP stroma is continuous with the meninges along entering blood vessels. The CP has previously been reported to express aquaporin-1 (AQP1) mostly apically, and ECs show mostly basolateral aquaporin-4 (AQP4) expression. Recent evidence in various systems has shown that in changing conditions the expression and distribution of AQP4 can be modified, involving phosphorylation and calmodulin-triggered translocation. Studies on the human CP revealed that AQP4 is also expressed in some CP cells, which is likely to be increased during ageing based on mouse data. Moreover, subependymal astrocytic processes in the ependyma-CP transition, forming a glial plate around blood vessels and facing the CP stroma, were strongly positive for AQP4. We propose that the increased AQP4 expression might be a compensatory mechanism for the observed reduction in CSF production in the ageing human brain. The high AQP4 density in the transition zone might facilitate the transport of water into and out of the CP stroma and serve as a drainage and clearing pathway for metabolites in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas F Mack
- Institute of Clinical Anatomy and Cell Analysis, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ronja Bihlmaier
- Institute of Clinical Anatomy and Cell Analysis, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felix Deffner
- Institute of Clinical Anatomy and Cell Analysis, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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2
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Quiroz EJ, Kim S, Gautam LK, Borok Z, Kintner C, Ryan AL. RBL2 represses the transcriptional activity of Multicilin to inhibit multiciliogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.04.551992. [PMID: 37577572 PMCID: PMC10418160 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.04.551992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
A core pathophysiologic feature underlying many respiratory diseases is multiciliated cell dysfunction, leading to inadequate mucociliary clearance. Due to the prevalence and highly variable etiology of mucociliary dysfunction in respiratory diseases, it is critical to understand the mechanisms controlling multiciliogenesis that may be targeted to restore functional mucociliary clearance. Multicilin, in a complex with E2F4, is necessary and sufficient to drive multiciliogenesis in airway epithelia, however this does not apply to all cell types, nor does it occur evenly across all cells in the same cell population. In this study we further investigated how co-factors regulate the ability of Multicilin to drive multiciliogenesis. Combining data in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and human bronchial epithelial cells, we identify RBL2 as a repressor of the transcriptional activity of Multicilin. Knockdown of RBL2 in submerged cultures or phosphorylation of RBL2 in response to apical air exposure, in the presence of Multicilin, allows multiciliogenesis to progress. These data demonstrate a dynamic interaction between RBL2 and Multicilin that regulates the capacity of cells to differentiate and multiciliate. Identification of this mechanism has important implications for facilitating MCC differentiation in diseases with impaired mucociliary clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik J. Quiroz
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52240
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
| | - Seongjae Kim
- The Salk Institute of Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037
| | - Lalit K. Gautam
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52240
| | - Zea Borok
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92037
| | | | - Amy L. Ryan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52240
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033
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3
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Angelopoulos I, Gakis G, Birmpas K, Kyrousi C, Habeos EE, Kaplani K, Lygerou Z, Habeos I, Taraviras S. Metabolic regulation of the neural stem cell fate: Unraveling new connections, establishing new concepts. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1009125. [PMID: 36340763 PMCID: PMC9634649 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1009125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural stem cell niche is a key regulator participating in the maintenance, regeneration, and repair of the brain. Within the niche neural stem cells (NSC) generate new neurons throughout life, which is important for tissue homeostasis and brain function. NSCs are regulated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors with cellular metabolism being lately recognized as one of the most important ones, with evidence suggesting that it may serve as a common signal integrator to ensure mammalian brain homeostasis. The aim of this review is to summarize recent insights into how metabolism affects NSC fate decisions in adult neural stem cell niches, with occasional referencing of embryonic neural stem cells when it is deemed necessary. Specifically, we will highlight the implication of mitochondria as crucial regulators of NSC fate decisions and the relationship between metabolism and ependymal cells. The link between primary cilia dysfunction in the region of hypothalamus and metabolic diseases will be examined as well. Lastly, the involvement of metabolic pathways in ependymal cell ciliogenesis and physiology regulation will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgios Gakis
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Kyriakos Birmpas
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Christina Kyrousi
- First Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, Athens, Greece
- University Mental Health, Neurosciences and Precision Medicine Research Institute “Costas Stefanis”, Athens, Greece
| | - Evagelia Eva Habeos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Konstantina Kaplani
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Lygerou
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Ioannis Habeos
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Stavros Taraviras
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- *Correspondence: Stavros Taraviras,
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4
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Zhao H, Sun J, Insinna C, Lu Q, Wang Z, Nagashima K, Stauffer J, Andresson T, Specht S, Perera S, Daar IO, Westlake CJ. Male infertility-associated Ccdc108 regulates multiciliogenesis via the intraflagellar transport machinery. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e52775. [PMID: 35201641 PMCID: PMC8982597 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Motile cilia on the cell surface generate movement and directional fluid flow that is crucial for various biological processes. Dysfunction of these cilia causes human diseases such as sinopulmonary disease and infertility. Here, we show that Ccdc108, a protein linked to male infertility, has an evolutionarily conserved requirement in motile multiciliation. Using Xenopus laevis embryos, Ccdc108 is shown to be required for the migration and docking of basal bodies to the apical membrane in epidermal multiciliated cells (MCCs). We demonstrate that Ccdc108 interacts with the IFT‐B complex, and the ciliation requirement for Ift74 overlaps with Ccdc108 in MCCs. Both Ccdc108 and IFT‐B proteins localize to migrating centrioles, basal bodies, and cilia in MCCs. Importantly, Ccdc108 governs the centriolar recruitment of IFT while IFT licenses the targeting of Ccdc108 to the cilium. Moreover, Ccdc108 is required for the centriolar recruitment of Drg1 and activated RhoA, factors that help establish the apical actin network in MCCs. Together, our studies indicate that Ccdc108 and IFT‐B complex components cooperate in multiciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijie Zhao
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jian Sun
- Cancer & Developmental Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Christine Insinna
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Quanlong Lu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Ziqiu Wang
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (FNLCR), Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Kunio Nagashima
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (FNLCR), Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jimmy Stauffer
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Thorkell Andresson
- Protein Characterization Laboratory (PCL) Mass Spectrometry Center, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Suzanne Specht
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Sumeth Perera
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Ira O Daar
- Cancer & Developmental Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Christopher J Westlake
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
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5
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Cerebrospinal fluid tau levels are associated with abnormal neuronal plasticity markers in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:27. [PMID: 35346299 PMCID: PMC8962234 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00521-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increased total tau (t-tau) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a key characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and is considered to result from neurodegeneration. T-tau levels, however, can be increased in very early disease stages, when neurodegeneration is limited, and can be normal in advanced disease stages. This suggests that t-tau levels may be driven by other mechanisms as well. Because tau pathophysiology is emerging as treatment target for AD, we aimed to clarify molecular processes associated with CSF t-tau levels. Methods We performed a proteomic, genomic, and imaging study in 1380 individuals with AD, in the preclinical, prodromal, and mild dementia stage, and 380 controls from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative and EMIF-AD Multimodality Biomarker Discovery study. Results We found that, relative to controls, AD individuals with increased t-tau had increased CSF concentrations of over 400 proteins enriched for neuronal plasticity processes. In contrast, AD individuals with normal t-tau had decreased levels of these plasticity proteins and showed increased concentrations of proteins indicative of blood–brain barrier and blood-CSF barrier dysfunction, relative to controls. The distinct proteomic profiles were already present in the preclinical AD stage and persisted in prodromal and dementia stages implying that they reflect disease traits rather than disease states. Dysregulated plasticity proteins were associated with SUZ12 and REST signaling, suggesting aberrant gene repression. GWAS analyses contrasting AD individuals with and without increased t-tau highlighted several genes involved in the regulation of gene expression. Targeted analyses of SNP rs9877502 in GMNC, associated with t-tau levels previously, correlated in individuals with AD with CSF concentrations of 591 plasticity associated proteins. The number of APOE-e4 alleles, however, was not associated with the concentration of plasticity related proteins. Conclusions CSF t-tau levels in AD are associated with altered levels of proteins involved in neuronal plasticity and blood–brain and blood-CSF barrier dysfunction. Future trials may need to stratify on CSF t-tau status, as AD individuals with increased t-tau and normal t-tau are likely to respond differently to treatment, given their opposite CSF proteomic profiles. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13024-022-00521-3.
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6
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Herranz-Pérez V, Nakatani J, Ishii M, Katada T, García-Verdugo JM, Ohata S. Ependymoma associated protein Zfta is expressed in immature ependymal cells but is not essential for ependymal development in mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1493. [PMID: 35087169 PMCID: PMC8795269 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05526-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The fusion protein of uncharacterised zinc finger translocation associated (ZFTA) and effector transcription factor of tumorigenic NF-κB signalling, RELA (ZFTA-RELA), is expressed in more than two-thirds of supratentorial ependymoma (ST-EPN-RELA), but ZFTA's expression profile and functional analysis in multiciliated ependymal (E1) cells have not been examined. Here, we showed the mRNA expression of mouse Zfta peaks on embryonic day (E) 17.5 in the wholemount of the lateral walls of the lateral ventricle. Zfta was expressed in the nuclei of FoxJ1-positive immature E1 (pre-E1) cells in E18.5 mouse embryonic brain. Interestingly, the transcription factors promoting ciliogenesis (ciliary TFs) (e.g., multicilin) and ZFTA-RELA upregulated luciferase activity using a 5' upstream sequence of ZFTA in cultured cells. Zftatm1/tm1 knock-in mice did not show developmental defects or abnormal fertility. In the Zftatm1/tm1 E1 cells, morphology, gene expression, ciliary beating frequency and ependymal flow were unaffected. These results suggest that Zfta is expressed in pre-E1 cells, possibly under the control of ciliary TFs, but is not essential for ependymal development or flow. This study sheds light on the mechanism of the ZFTA-RELA expression in the pathogenesis of ST-EPN-RELA: Ciliary TFs initiate ZFTA-RELA expression in pre-E1 cells, and ZFTA-RELA enhances its own expression using positive feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Herranz-Pérez
- Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Institute Cavanilles of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, CIBERNED, University of Valencia, 46980, Paterna, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, University of Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Jin Nakatani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Masaki Ishii
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Katada
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Jose Manuel García-Verdugo
- Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Institute Cavanilles of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, CIBERNED, University of Valencia, 46980, Paterna, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, University of Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Shinya Ohata
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan.
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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7
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Hoque M, Kim EN, Chen D, Li FQ, Takemaru KI. Essential Roles of Efferent Duct Multicilia in Male Fertility. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030341. [PMID: 35159149 PMCID: PMC8834061 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cilia are microtubule-based hair-like organelles on the cell surface. Cilia have been implicated in various biological processes ranging from mechanosensation to fluid movement. Ciliary dysfunction leads to a plethora of human diseases, known as ciliopathies. Although non-motile primary cilia are ubiquitous, motile multicilia are found in restricted locations of the body, such as the respiratory tract, the oviduct, the efferent duct, and the brain ventricles. Multicilia beat in a whip-like motion to generate fluid flow over the apical surface of an epithelium. The concerted ciliary motion provides the driving force critical for clearing airway mucus and debris, transporting ova from the ovary to the uterus, maintaining sperm in suspension, and circulating cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. In the male reproductive tract, multiciliated cells (MCCs) were first described in the mid-1800s, but their importance in male fertility remained elusive until recently. MCCs exist in the efferent ducts, which are small, highly convoluted tubules that connect the testis to the epididymis and play an essential role in male fertility. In this review, we will introduce multiciliogenesis, discuss mouse models of male infertility with defective multicilia, and summarize our current knowledge on the biological function of multicilia in the male reproductive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Hoque
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (M.H.); (E.N.K.)
| | - Eunice N. Kim
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (M.H.); (E.N.K.)
| | - Danny Chen
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (D.C.); (F.-Q.L.)
| | - Feng-Qian Li
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (D.C.); (F.-Q.L.)
| | - Ken-Ichi Takemaru
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (M.H.); (E.N.K.)
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (D.C.); (F.-Q.L.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Hyland RM, Brody SL. Impact of Motile Ciliopathies on Human Development and Clinical Consequences in the Newborn. Cells 2021; 11:125. [PMID: 35011687 PMCID: PMC8750550 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Motile cilia are hairlike organelles that project outward from a tissue-restricted subset of cells to direct fluid flow. During human development motile cilia guide determination of the left-right axis in the embryo, and in the fetal and neonatal periods they have essential roles in airway clearance in the respiratory tract and regulating cerebral spinal fluid flow in the brain. Dysregulation of motile cilia is best understood through the lens of the genetic disorder primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). PCD encompasses all genetic motile ciliopathies resulting from over 60 known genetic mutations and has a unique but often underrecognized neonatal presentation. Neonatal respiratory distress is now known to occur in the majority of patients with PCD, laterality defects are common, and very rarely brain ventricle enlargement occurs. The developmental function of motile cilia and the effect and pathophysiology of motile ciliopathies are incompletely understood in humans. In this review, we will examine the current understanding of the role of motile cilia in human development and clinical considerations when assessing the newborn for suspected motile ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M. Hyland
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110,USA;
| | - Steven L. Brody
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
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9
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Kyrousi C, O’Neill AC, Brazovskaja A, He Z, Kielkowski P, Coquand L, Di Giaimo R, D’ Andrea P, Belka A, Forero Echeverry A, Mei D, Lenge M, Cruceanu C, Buchsbaum IY, Khattak S, Fabien G, Binder E, Elmslie F, Guerrini R, Baffet AD, Sieber SA, Treutlein B, Robertson SP, Cappello S. Extracellular LGALS3BP regulates neural progenitor position and relates to human cortical complexity. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6298. [PMID: 34728600 PMCID: PMC8564519 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26447-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal progenitors (BPs), including intermediate progenitors and basal radial glia, are generated from apical radial glia and are enriched in gyrencephalic species like humans, contributing to neuronal expansion. Shortly after generation, BPs delaminate towards the subventricular zone, where they further proliferate before differentiation. Gene expression alterations involved in BP delamination and function in humans are poorly understood. Here, we study the role of LGALS3BP, so far known as a cancer biomarker, which is a secreted protein enriched in human neural progenitors (NPCs). We show that individuals with LGALS3BP de novo variants exhibit altered local gyrification, sulcal depth, surface area and thickness in their cortex. Additionally, using cerebral organoids, human fetal tissues and mice, we show that LGALS3BP regulates the position of NPCs. Single-cell RNA-sequencing and proteomics reveal that LGALS3BP-mediated mechanisms involve the extracellular matrix in NPCs' anchoring and migration within the human brain. We propose that its temporal expression influences NPCs' delamination, corticogenesis and gyrification extrinsically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Kyrousi
- grid.419548.50000 0000 9497 5095Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany ,grid.5216.00000 0001 2155 0800Present Address: First Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece and University Mental Health, Neurosciences and Precision Medicine Research Institute “Costas Stefanis”, Athens, Greece
| | - Adam C. O’Neill
- grid.29980.3a0000 0004 1936 7830Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Otago, 9054 Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Agnieska Brazovskaja
- grid.419518.00000 0001 2159 1813Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Zhisong He
- grid.419518.00000 0001 2159 1813Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany ,grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780ETH Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pavel Kielkowski
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Department of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany ,grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XPresent Address: Department Chemie Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Laure Coquand
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, 26 rue d’Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Rossella Di Giaimo
- grid.419548.50000 0000 9497 5095Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany ,grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDepartment of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo D’ Andrea
- grid.419548.50000 0000 9497 5095Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Belka
- grid.419548.50000 0000 9497 5095Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Davide Mei
- grid.413181.e0000 0004 1757 8562Neuroscience Department, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer-University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Lenge
- grid.413181.e0000 0004 1757 8562Neuroscience Department, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer-University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Cristiana Cruceanu
- grid.419548.50000 0000 9497 5095Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Isabel Y. Buchsbaum
- grid.419548.50000 0000 9497 5095Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany ,grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XGraduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Munich Planegg, Germany
| | - Shahryar Khattak
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257DFG-Research Center and Cluster of Excellence for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD), School of Medicine, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany ,grid.4912.e0000 0004 0488 7120Present Address: Royal College of Surgeons Ireland (RCSI) in Bahrain, Adliya, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Guimiot Fabien
- grid.50550.350000 0001 2175 4109Unité de Foetopathologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Robert Debré, F-75019 Paris, France
| | - Elisabeth Binder
- grid.419548.50000 0000 9497 5095Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
| | - Frances Elmslie
- grid.4464.20000 0001 2161 2573South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St George’s, University of London, London, SW17 0RE UK
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- grid.413181.e0000 0004 1757 8562Neuroscience Department, Children’s Hospital A. Meyer-University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Alexandre D. Baffet
- grid.4444.00000 0001 2112 9282Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, 26 rue d’Ulm, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Stephan A. Sieber
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Department of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Barbara Treutlein
- grid.419518.00000 0001 2159 1813Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany ,grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780ETH Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephen P. Robertson
- grid.29980.3a0000 0004 1936 7830Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Otago, 9054 Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Silvia Cappello
- grid.419548.50000 0000 9497 5095Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804 Munich, Germany
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10
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Diversity and function of motile ciliated cell types within ependymal lineages of the zebrafish brain. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109775. [PMID: 34610312 PMCID: PMC8524669 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Motile cilia defects impair cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow and can cause brain and spine disorders. The development of ciliated cells, their impact on CSF flow, and their function in brain and axial morphogenesis are not fully understood. We have characterized motile ciliated cells within the zebrafish brain ventricles. We show that the ventricles undergo restructuring through development, involving a transition from mono- to multiciliated cells (MCCs) driven by gmnc. MCCs co-exist with monociliated cells and generate directional flow patterns. These ciliated cells have different developmental origins and are genetically heterogenous with respect to expression of the Foxj1 family of ciliary master regulators. Finally, we show that cilia loss from the tela choroida and choroid plexus or global perturbation of multiciliation does not affect overall brain or spine morphogenesis but results in enlarged ventricles. Our findings establish that motile ciliated cells are generated by complementary and sequential transcriptional programs to support ventricular development. Glutamylated tubulin is enriched in cilia of foxj1-expressing cells in the zebrafish Motile ciliated ependymal cells in the zebrafish forebrain are highly diverse Gmnc drives the transition from mono- to multiciliated cells at juvenile stage Lack of multiciliation does not impact brain and spine morphogenesis
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11
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Novel Approach Combining Transcriptional and Evolutionary Signatures to Identify New Multiciliation Genes. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12091452. [PMID: 34573434 PMCID: PMC8470418 DOI: 10.3390/genes12091452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiciliogenesis is a complex process that allows the generation of hundreds of motile cilia on the surface of specialized cells, to create fluid flow across epithelial surfaces. Dysfunction of human multiciliated cells is associated with diseases of the brain, airway and reproductive tracts. Despite recent efforts to characterize the transcriptional events responsible for the differentiation of multiciliated cells, a lot of actors remain to be identified. In this work, we capitalize on the ever-growing quantity of high-throughput data to search for new candidate genes involved in multiciliation. After performing a large-scale screening using 10 transcriptomics datasets dedicated to multiciliation, we established a specific evolutionary signature involving Otomorpha fish to use as a criterion to select the most likely targets. Combining both approaches highlighted a list of 114 potential multiciliated candidates. We characterized these genes first by generating protein interaction networks, which showed various clusters of ciliated and multiciliated genes, and then by computing phylogenetic profiles. In the end, we selected 11 poorly characterized genes that seem like particularly promising multiciliated candidates. By combining functional and comparative genomics methods, we developed a novel type of approach to study biological processes and identify new promising candidates linked to that process.
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12
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Lavado A, Gangwar R, Paré J, Wan S, Fan Y, Cao X. YAP/TAZ maintain the proliferative capacity and structural organization of radial glial cells during brain development. Dev Biol 2021; 480:39-49. [PMID: 34419458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway regulates the development and homeostasis of many tissues and in many species. It controls the activity of two paralogous transcriptional coactivators, YAP and TAZ (YAP/TAZ). Although previous studies have established that aberrant YAP/TAZ activation is detrimental to mammalian brain development, whether and how endogenous levels of YAP/TAZ activity regulate brain development remain unclear. Here, we show that during mammalian cortical development, YAP/TAZ are specifically expressed in apical neural progenitor cells known as radial glial cells (RGCs). The subcellular localization of YAP/TAZ undergoes dynamic changes as corticogenesis proceeds. YAP/TAZ are required for maintaining the proliferative potential and structural organization of RGCs, and their ablation during cortical development reduces the numbers of cortical projection neurons and causes the loss of ependymal cells, resulting in hydrocephaly. Transcriptomic analysis using sorted RGCs reveals gene expression changes in YAP/TAZ-depleted cells that correlate with mutant phenotypes. Thus, our study has uncovered essential functions of YAP/TAZ during mammalian brain development and revealed the transcriptional mechanism of their action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Lavado
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Ruchika Gangwar
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Joshua Paré
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Shibiao Wan
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Yiping Fan
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Xinwei Cao
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
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13
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Loukas I, Skamnelou M, Tsaridou S, Bournaka S, Grigoriadis S, Taraviras S, Lygerou Z, Arbi M. Fine-tuning multiciliated cell differentiation at the post-transcriptional level: contribution of miR-34/449 family members. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:2321-2332. [PMID: 34132477 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cell differentiation is a process that must be precisely regulated for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Differentiation towards a multiciliated cell fate is characterized by well-defined stages, where a transcriptional cascade is activated leading to the formation of multiple centrioles and cilia. Centrioles migrate and dock to the apical cell surface and, acting as basal bodies, give rise to multiple motile cilia. The concerted movement of cilia ensures directional fluid flow across epithelia and defects either in their number or structure can lead to disease phenotypes. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs; miRs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that play an important role in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. miR-34b/c and miR-449a/b/c specifically function throughout the differentiation of multiciliated cells, fine-tuning the expression of many different centriole- and cilia-related genes. They strictly regulate the expression levels of genes that are required both for commitment towards the multiciliated cell fate (e.g. Notch) and for the establishment and maintenance of this fate by regulating the expression of transcription factors and structural components of the pathway. Herein we review miR-34 and miR-449 spatiotemporal regulation along with their roles during the different stages of multiciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Loukas
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Patras, 26504, Greece
| | - Margarita Skamnelou
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Patras, 26504, Greece
| | - Stavroula Tsaridou
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Patras, 26504, Greece
| | - Spyridoula Bournaka
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Patras, 26504, Greece
| | - Sokratis Grigoriadis
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Patras, 26504, Greece
| | - Stavros Taraviras
- Laboratory of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Patras, 26504, Greece
| | - Zoi Lygerou
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Patras, 26504, Greece
| | - Marina Arbi
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Rio, Patras, 26504, Greece
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14
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Wu YJ, Liu Y, Hu YQ, Wang L, Bai FR, Xu C, Wu JW. Control of multiciliogenesis by miR-34/449 in the male reproductive tract through enforcing cell cycle exit. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:261955. [PMID: 33973639 PMCID: PMC8182409 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.253450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiciliated cells (MCCs) are terminally differentiated postmitotic cells that possess hundreds of motile cilia on their apical surface. Defects in cilia formation are associated with ciliopathies that affect many organs. In this study, we tested the role and mechanism of the miR-34/449 family in the regulation of multiciliogenesis in EDs using an miR-34b/c−/−; miR-449−/− double knockout (dKO) mouse model. MiR-34b/c and miR-449 depletion led to a reduced number of MCCs and abnormal cilia structure in the EDs starting from postnatal day (P)14. However, abnormal MCC differentiation in the dKO EDs could be observed as early as P7. RNA-seq analyses revealed that the aberrant development of MCCs in the EDs of dKO mice was associated with the upregulation of genes involved in cell cycle control. Using a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor to force cell cycle exit promoted MCC differentiation, and partially rescued the defective multiciliogenesis in the EDs of dKO mice. Taken together, our results suggest that miR-34b/c and miR-449 play an essential role in multiciliogenesis in EDs by regulating cell cycle exit. Summary: Mutagenic, expression and histological analyses reveal an essential role for miR-34b/c and miR-449 in multiciliogenesis in efferent ductules of the male reproductive tract by regulating cell cycle exit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Wu
- Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yan-Qin Hu
- Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Fu-Rong Bai
- Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jing-Wen Wu
- Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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15
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Kaltezioti V, Foskolou IP, Lavigne MD, Ninou E, Tsampoula M, Fousteri M, Margarity M, Politis PK. Prox1 inhibits neurite outgrowth during central nervous system development. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:3443-3465. [PMID: 33247761 PMCID: PMC11072475 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03709-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
During central nervous system (CNS) development, proper and timely induction of neurite elongation is critical for generating functional, mature neurons, and neuronal networks. Despite the wealth of information on the action of extracellular cues, little is known about the intrinsic gene regulatory factors that control this developmental decision. Here, we report the identification of Prox1, a homeobox transcription factor, as a key player in inhibiting neurite elongation. Although Prox1 promotes acquisition of early neuronal identity and is expressed in nascent post-mitotic neurons, it is heavily down-regulated in the majority of terminally differentiated neurons, indicating a regulatory role in delaying neurite outgrowth in newly formed neurons. Consistently, we show that Prox1 is sufficient to inhibit neurite extension in mouse and human neuroblastoma cell lines. More importantly, Prox1 overexpression suppresses neurite elongation in primary neuronal cultures as well as in the developing mouse brain, while Prox1 knock-down promotes neurite outgrowth. Mechanistically, RNA-Seq analysis reveals that Prox1 affects critical pathways for neuronal maturation and neurite extension. Interestingly, Prox1 strongly inhibits many components of Ca2+ signaling pathway, an important mediator of neurite extension and neuronal maturation. In accordance, Prox1 represses Ca2+ entry upon KCl-mediated depolarization and reduces CREB phosphorylation. These observations suggest that Prox1 acts as a potent suppressor of neurite outgrowth by inhibiting Ca2+ signaling pathway. This action may provide the appropriate time window for nascent neurons to find the correct position in the CNS prior to initiation of neurites and axon elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Kaltezioti
- Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Efesiou Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Iosifina P Foskolou
- Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Efesiou Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Matthieu D Lavigne
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, BSRC 'Alexander Fleming', 34 Fleming Street, Vari, 16672, Athens, Greece
| | - Elpinickie Ninou
- Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Efesiou Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Matina Tsampoula
- Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Efesiou Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Fousteri
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, BSRC 'Alexander Fleming', 34 Fleming Street, Vari, 16672, Athens, Greece
| | - Marigoula Margarity
- Laboratory of Human and Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, 26500, Rio Achaias, Greece
| | - Panagiotis K Politis
- Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Efesiou Street, 115 27, Athens, Greece.
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16
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Brinkmeier ML, Bando H, Camarano AC, Fujio S, Yoshimoto K, de Souza FS, Camper SA. Rathke's cleft-like cysts arise from Isl1 deletion in murine pituitary progenitors. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:4501-4515. [PMID: 32453714 DOI: 10.1172/jci136745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor ISL1 is expressed in pituitary gland stem cells and the thyrotrope and gonadotrope lineages. Pituitary-specific Isl1 deletion causes hypopituitarism with increased stem cell apoptosis, reduced differentiation of thyrotropes and gonadotropes, and reduced body size. Conditional Isl1 deletion causes development of multiple Rathke's cleft-like cysts, with 100% penetrance. Foxa1 and Foxj1 are abnormally expressed in the pituitary gland and associated with a ciliogenic gene-expression program in the cysts. We confirmed expression of FOXA1, FOXJ1, and stem cell markers in human Rathke's cleft cyst tissue, but not craniopharyngiomas, which suggests these transcription factors are useful, pathological markers for diagnosis of Rathke's cleft cysts. These studies support a model whereby expression of ISL1 in pituitary progenitors drives differentiation into thyrotropes and gonadotropes and without it, activation of FOXA1 and FOXJ1 permits development of an oral epithelial cell fate with mucinous cysts. This pituitary-specific Isl1 mouse knockout sheds light on the etiology of Rathke's cleft cysts and the role of ISL1 in normal pituitary development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Brinkmeier
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hironori Bando
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Adriana C Camarano
- Institute of Physiology, Molecular Biology, and Neurosciences-IFIBYNE-CONICET, Pabellon IFIBYNE, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Shingo Fujio
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Neurosurgery, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Koji Yoshimoto
- Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Department of Neurosurgery, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Flávio Sj de Souza
- Institute of Physiology, Molecular Biology, and Neurosciences-IFIBYNE-CONICET, Pabellon IFIBYNE, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sally A Camper
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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17
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Lewis M, Stracker TH. Transcriptional regulation of multiciliated cell differentiation. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 110:51-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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18
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Omiya H, Yamaguchi S, Watanabe T, Kuniya T, Harada Y, Kawaguchi D, Gotoh Y. BMP signaling suppresses Gemc1 expression and ependymal differentiation of mouse telencephalic progenitors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:613. [PMID: 33436697 PMCID: PMC7804439 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79610-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The lateral ventricles of the adult mammalian brain are lined by a single layer of multiciliated ependymal cells, which generate a flow of cerebrospinal fluid through directional beating of their cilia as well as regulate neurogenesis through interaction with adult neural stem cells. Ependymal cells are derived from a subset of embryonic neural stem-progenitor cells (NPCs, also known as radial glial cells) that becomes postmitotic during the late embryonic stage of development. Members of the Geminin family of transcriptional regulators including GemC1 and Mcidas play key roles in the differentiation of ependymal cells, but it remains largely unclear what extracellular signals regulate these factors and ependymal differentiation during embryonic and early-postnatal development. We now show that the levels of Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation and Id1/4 protein expression-both of which are downstream events of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling-decline in cells of the ventricular-subventricular zone in the mouse lateral ganglionic eminence in association with ependymal differentiation. Exposure of postnatal NPC cultures to BMP ligands or to a BMP receptor inhibitor suppressed and promoted the emergence of multiciliated ependymal cells, respectively. Moreover, treatment of embryonic NPC cultures with BMP ligands reduced the expression level of the ependymal marker Foxj1 and suppressed the emergence of ependymal-like cells. Finally, BMP ligands reduced the expression levels of Gemc1 and Mcidas in postnatal NPC cultures, whereas the BMP receptor inhibitor increased them. Our results thus implicate BMP signaling in suppression of ependymal differentiation from NPCs through regulation of Gemc1 and Mcidas expression during embryonic and early-postnatal stages of mouse telencephalic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanae Omiya
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Shima Yamaguchi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Watanabe
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Takaaki Kuniya
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Yujin Harada
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Daichi Kawaguchi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Yukiko Gotoh
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XGraduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan ,grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XInternational Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
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19
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Walentek P. Xenopus epidermal and endodermal epithelia as models for mucociliary epithelial evolution, disease, and metaplasia. Genesis 2021; 59:e23406. [PMID: 33400364 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Xenopus embryonic epidermis is a powerful model to study mucociliary biology, development, and disease. Particularly, the Xenopus system is being used to elucidate signaling pathways, transcription factor functions, and morphogenetic mechanisms regulating cell fate specification, differentiation and cell function. Thereby, Xenopus research has provided significant insights into potential underlying molecular mechanisms for ciliopathies and chronic airway diseases. Recent studies have also established the embryonic epidermis as a model for mucociliary epithelial remodeling, multiciliated cell trans-differentiation, cilia loss, and mucus secretion. Additionally, the tadpole foregut epithelium is lined by a mucociliary epithelium, which shows remarkable features resembling mammalian airway epithelia, including its endodermal origin and a variable cell type composition along the proximal-distal axis. This review aims to summarize the advantages of the Xenopus epidermis for mucociliary epithelial biology and disease modeling. Furthermore, the potential of the foregut epithelium as novel mucociliary model system is being highlighted. Additional perspectives are presented on how to expand the range of diseases that can be modeled in the frog system, including proton pump inhibitor-associated pneumonia as well as metaplasia in epithelial cells of the airway and the gastroesophageal region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Walentek
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg University Faculty of Medicine, Freiburg, Germany.,CIBSS - Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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20
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Pantos K, Grigoriadis S, Tomara P, Louka I, Maziotis E, Pantou A, Nitsos N, Vaxevanoglou T, Kokkali G, Agarwal A, Sfakianoudis K, Simopoulou M. Investigating the Role of the microRNA-34/449 Family in Male Infertility: A Critical Analysis and Review of the Literature. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:709943. [PMID: 34276570 PMCID: PMC8281345 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.709943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a great body of evidence suggesting that in both humans and animal models the microRNA-34/449 (miR-34/449) family plays a crucial role for normal testicular functionality as well as for successful spermatogenesis, regulating spermatozoa maturation and functionality. This review and critical analysis aims to summarize the potential mechanisms via which miR-34/449 dysregulation could lead to male infertility. Existing data indicate that miR-34/449 family members regulate ciliogenesis in the efferent ductules epithelium. Upon miR-34/449 dysregulation, ciliogenesis in the efferent ductules is significantly impaired, leading to sperm aggregation and agglutination as well as to defective reabsorption of the seminiferous tubular fluids. These events in turn cause obstruction of the efferent ductules and thus accumulation of the tubular fluids resulting to high hydrostatic pressure into the testis. High hydrostatic pressure progressively leads to testicular dysfunction as well as to spermatogenic failure and finally to male infertility, which could range from severe oligoasthenozoospermia to azoospermia. In addition, miR-34/449 family members act as significant regulators of spermatogenesis with an essential role in controlling expression patterns of several spermatogenesis-related proteins. It is demonstrated that these microRNAs are meiotic specific microRNAs as their expression is relatively higher at the initiation of meiotic divisions during spermatogenesis. Moreover, data indicate that these molecules are essential for proper formation as well as for proper function of spermatozoa per se. MicroRNA-34/449 family seems to exert significant anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties and thus contribute to testicular homeostatic regulation. Considering the clinical significance of these microRNAs, data indicate that the altered expression of the miR-34/449 family members is strongly associated with several aspects of male infertility. Most importantly, miR-34/449 levels in spermatozoa, in testicular tissues as well as in seminal plasma seem to be directly associated with severity of male infertility, indicating that these microRNAs could serve as potential sensitive biomarkers for an accurate individualized differential diagnosis, as well as for the assessment of the severity of male factor infertility. In conclusion, dysregulation of miR-34/449 family detrimentally affects male reproductive potential, impairing both testicular functionality as well as spermatogenesis. Future studies are needed to verify these conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sokratis Grigoriadis
- Laboratory of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Penelope Tomara
- Laboratory of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Louka
- Laboratory of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Maziotis
- Laboratory of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Agni Pantou
- Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Nitsos
- Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Georgia Kokkali
- Centre for Human Reproduction, Genesis Athens Clinic, Athens, Greece
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | | | - Mara Simopoulou
- Laboratory of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- *Correspondence: Mara Simopoulou,
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21
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Mesnil M, Defamie N, Naus C, Sarrouilhe D. Brain Disorders and Chemical Pollutants: A Gap Junction Link? Biomolecules 2020; 11:51. [PMID: 33396565 PMCID: PMC7824109 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of brain pathologies has increased during last decades. Better diagnosis (autism spectrum disorders) and longer life expectancy (Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease) partly explain this increase, while emerging data suggest pollutant exposures as a possible but still underestimated cause of major brain disorders. Taking into account that the brain parenchyma is rich in gap junctions and that most pollutants inhibit their function; brain disorders might be the consequence of gap-junctional alterations due to long-term exposures to pollutants. In this article, this hypothesis is addressed through three complementary aspects: (1) the gap-junctional organization and connexin expression in brain parenchyma and their function; (2) the effect of major pollutants (pesticides, bisphenol A, phthalates, heavy metals, airborne particles, etc.) on gap-junctional and connexin functions; (3) a description of the major brain disorders categorized as neurodevelopmental (autism spectrum disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, epilepsy), neurobehavioral (migraines, major depressive disorders), neurodegenerative (Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases) and cancers (glioma), in which both connexin dysfunction and pollutant involvement have been described. Based on these different aspects, the possible involvement of pollutant-inhibited gap junctions in brain disorders is discussed for prenatal and postnatal exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Mesnil
- Laboratoire STIM, ERL7003 CNRS-Université de Poitiers, 1 rue G. Bonnet–TSA 51 106, 86073 Poitiers, France; (M.M.); (N.D.)
| | - Norah Defamie
- Laboratoire STIM, ERL7003 CNRS-Université de Poitiers, 1 rue G. Bonnet–TSA 51 106, 86073 Poitiers, France; (M.M.); (N.D.)
| | - Christian Naus
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cellular & Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, Canada;
| | - Denis Sarrouilhe
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Humaine, Faculté de Médecine et Pharmacie, 6 rue de La Milétrie, bât D1, TSA 51115, 86073 Poitiers, France
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22
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Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) persist into adulthood in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus and in the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) of the lateral ventricles, where they generate new neurons and glia cells that contribute to neural plasticity. A better understanding of the developmental process that enables NSCs to persist beyond development will provide insight into factors that determine the size and properties of the adult NSC pool and thus the capacity for life-long neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain. We review current knowledge regarding the developmental origins of adult NSCs and the developmental process by which embryonic NSCs transition into their adult form. We also discuss potential mechanisms that might regulate proper establishment of the adult NSC pool, and propose future directions of research that will be key to unraveling how NSCs transform to establish the adult NSC pool in the mammalian brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Bond
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Guo-Li Ming
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hongjun Song
- Department of Neuroscience and Mahoney Institute for Neurosciences, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States; The Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
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23
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Legendre M, Zaragosi LE, Mitchison HM. Motile cilia and airway disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 110:19-33. [PMID: 33279404 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A finely regulated system of airway epithelial development governs the differentiation of motile ciliated cells of the human respiratory tract, conferring the body's mucociliary clearance defence system. Human cilia dysfunction can arise through genetic mutations and this is a cause of debilitating disease morbidities that confer a greatly reduced quality of life. The inherited human motile ciliopathy disorder, primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), can arise from mutations in genes affecting various aspects of motile cilia structure and function through deficient production, transport and assembly of cilia motility components or through defective multiciliogenesis. Our understanding about the development of the respiratory epithelium, motile cilia biology and the implications for human pathology has expanded greatly over the past 20 years since isolation of the first PCD gene, rising to now nearly 50 genes. Systems level insights about cilia motility in health and disease have been made possible through intensive molecular and omics (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics) research, applied in ciliate organisms and in animal and human disease modelling. Here, we review ciliated airway development and the genetic stratification that underlies PCD, for which the underlying genotype can increasingly be connected to biological mechanism and disease prognostics. Progress in this field can facilitate clinical translation of research advances, with potential for great medical impact, e.g. through improvements in ciliopathy disease diagnosis, management, family counselling and by enhancing the potential for future genetically tailored approaches to disease therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Legendre
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Childhood Genetic Disorders, Département de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Armand-Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75012, France
| | | | - Hannah M Mitchison
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University College London, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London WC1N 1EH, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.
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24
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Ioannidis K, Danalatos RI, Champeris Tsaniras S, Kaplani K, Lokka G, Kanellou A, Papachristou DJ, Bokias G, Lygerou Z, Taraviras S. A Custom Ultra-Low-Cost 3D Bioprinter Supports Cell Growth and Differentiation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:580889. [PMID: 33251196 PMCID: PMC7676439 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.580889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in 3D bioprinting have allowed the use of stem cells along with biomaterials and growth factors toward novel tissue engineering approaches. However, the cost of these systems along with their consumables is currently extremely high, limiting their applicability. To address this, we converted a 3D printer into an open source 3D bioprinter and produced a customized bioink based on accessible alginate/gelatin precursors, leading to a cost-effective solution. The bioprinter's resolution, including line width, spreading ratio and extrusion uniformity measurements, along with the rheological properties of the bioinks were analyzed, revealing high bioprinting accuracy within the printability window. Following the bioprinting process, cell survival and proliferation were validated on HeLa Kyoto and HEK293T cell lines. In addition, we isolated and 3D bioprinted postnatal neural stem cell progenitors derived from the mouse subventricular zone as well as mesenchymal stem cells derived from mouse bone marrow. Our results suggest that our low-cost 3D bioprinter can support cell proliferation and differentiation of two different types of primary stem cell populations, indicating that it can be used as a reliable tool for developing efficient research models for stem cell research and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Konstantina Kaplani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Georgia Lokka
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Anastasia Kanellou
- Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Studies, Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Dionysios J. Papachristou
- Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Studies, Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Georgios Bokias
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Lygerou
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Stavros Taraviras
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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25
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Lee L, Ostrowski LE. Motile cilia genetics and cell biology: big results from little mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:769-797. [PMID: 32915243 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03633-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of motile cilia and their role in disease has increased tremendously over the last two decades, with critical information and insight coming from the analysis of mouse models. Motile cilia form on specific epithelial cell types and typically beat in a coordinated, whip-like manner to facilitate the flow and clearance of fluids along the cell surface. Defects in formation and function of motile cilia result in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), a genetically heterogeneous disorder with a well-characterized phenotype but no effective treatment. A number of model systems, ranging from unicellular eukaryotes to mammals, have provided information about the genetics, biochemistry, and structure of motile cilia. However, with remarkable resources available for genetic manipulation and developmental, pathological, and physiological analysis of phenotype, the mouse has risen to the forefront of understanding mammalian motile cilia and modeling PCD. This is evidenced by a large number of relevant mouse lines and an extensive body of genetic and phenotypic data. More recently, application of innovative cell biological techniques to these models has enabled substantial advancement in elucidating the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the biogenesis and function of mammalian motile cilia. In this article, we will review genetic and cell biological studies of motile cilia in mouse models and their contributions to our understanding of motile cilia and PCD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance Lee
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.
| | - Lawrence E Ostrowski
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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26
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Ching K, Stearns T. Centrioles are amplified in cycling progenitors of olfactory sensory neurons. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000852. [PMID: 32931487 PMCID: PMC7518617 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfaction in most animals is mediated by neurons bearing cilia that are accessible to the environment. Olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) in chordates usually have multiple cilia, each with a centriole at its base. OSNs differentiate from stem cells in the olfactory epithelium, and how the epithelium generates cells with many centrioles is not yet understood. We show that centrioles are amplified via centriole rosette formation in both embryonic development and turnover of the olfactory epithelium in adult mice, and rosette-bearing cells often have free centrioles in addition. Cells with amplified centrioles can go on to divide, with centrioles clustered at each pole. Additionally, we found that centrioles are amplified in immediate neuronal precursors (INPs) concomitant with elevation of mRNA for polo-like kinase 4 (Plk4) and SCL/Tal1-interrupting locus gene (Stil), key regulators of centriole duplication. These results support a model in which centriole amplification occurs during a transient state characterized by elevated Plk4 and Stil in early INP cells. These cells then go on to divide at least once to become OSNs, demonstrating that cell division with amplified centrioles, known to be tolerated in disease states, can occur as part of a normal developmental program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin Ching
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | - Tim Stearns
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, United States of America
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27
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Harkins D, Cooper HM, Piper M. The role of lipids in ependymal development and the modulation of adult neural stem cell function during aging and disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 112:61-68. [PMID: 32771376 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Within the adult mammalian central nervous system, the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) lining the lateral ventricles houses neural stem cells (NSCs) that continue to produce neurons throughout life. Developmentally, the V-SVZ neurogenic niche arises during corticogenesis following the terminal differentiation of telencephalic radial glial cells (RGCs) into either adult neural stem cells (aNSCs) or ependymal cells. In mice, these two cellular populations form rosettes during the late embryonic and early postnatal period, with ependymal cells surrounding aNSCs. These aNSCs and ependymal cells serve a number of key purposes, including the generation of neurons throughout life (aNSCs), and acting as a barrier between the CSF and the parenchyma and promoting CSF bulk flow (ependymal cells). Interestingly, the development of this neurogenic niche, as well as its ongoing function, has been shown to be reliant on different aspects of lipid biology. In this review we discuss the developmental origins of the rodent V-SVZ neurogenic niche, and highlight research which has implicated a role for lipids in the physiology of this part of the brain. We also discuss the role of lipids in the maintenance of the V-SVZ niche, and discuss new research which has suggested that alterations to lipid biology could contribute to ependymal cell dysfunction in aging and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyon Harkins
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Helen M Cooper
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Michael Piper
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072, Australia.
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28
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Development of Ependymal and Postnatal Neural Stem Cells and Their Origin from a Common Embryonic Progenitor. Cell Rep 2020; 27:429-441.e3. [PMID: 30970247 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.01.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult mouse brain contains an extensive neurogenic niche in the lateral walls of the lateral ventricles. This epithelium, which has a unique pinwheel organization, contains multiciliated ependymal (E1) cells and neural stem cells (B1). This postnatal germinal epithelium develops from the embryonic ventricular zone, but the lineage relationship between E1 and B1 cells remains unknown. Distinct subpopulations of radial glia (RG) cells in late embryonic and early postnatal development either expand their apical domain >11-fold to form E1 cells or retain small apical domains that coalesce into the centers of pinwheels to form B1 cells. Using independent methods of lineage tracing, we show that individual RG cells can give rise to clones containing E1 and B1 cells. This study reveals key developmental steps in the formation of the postnatal germinal niche and the shared cellular origin of E1 and B1 cells.
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29
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Jiang Z, Zhou J, Qin X, Zheng H, Gao B, Liu X, Jin G, Zhou Z. MT1-MMP deficiency leads to defective ependymal cell maturation, impaired ciliogenesis, and hydrocephalus. JCI Insight 2020; 5:132782. [PMID: 32229724 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.132782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrocephalus is characterized by abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricular cavity. The circulation of CSF in brain ventricles is controlled by the coordinated beating of motile cilia at the surface of ependymal cells (ECs). Here, we show that MT1-MMP is highly expressed in olfactory bulb, rostral migratory stream, and the ventricular system. Mice deficient for membrane-type 1-MMP (MT1-MMP) developed typical phenotypes observed in hydrocephalus, such as dome-shaped skulls, dilated ventricles, corpus callosum agenesis, and astrocyte hypertrophy, during the first 2 weeks of postnatal development. MT1-MMP-deficient mice exhibited reduced and disorganized motile cilia with the impaired maturation of ECs, leading to abnormal CSF flow. Consistent with the defects in motile cilia morphogenesis, the expression of promulticiliogenic genes was significantly decreased, with a concomitant hyperactivation of Notch signaling in the walls of lateral ventricles in Mmp14-/- brains. Inhibition of Notch signaling by γ-secretase inhibitor restored ciliogenesis in Mmp14-/- ECs. Taken together, these data suggest that MT1-MMP is required for ciliogenesis and EC maturation through suppression of Notch signaling during early brain development. Our findings indicate that MT1-MMP is critical for early brain development and loss of MT1-MMP activity gives rise to hydrocephalus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Shenzhen Institute of Innovation and Research, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jin Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Shenzhen Institute of Innovation and Research, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin Qin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Shenzhen Institute of Innovation and Research, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huiling Zheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute for Aging Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Bo Gao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinguang Liu
- Institute for Aging Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Guoxiang Jin
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongjun Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Shenzhen Institute of Innovation and Research, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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30
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Hiraoka K, Inada H, Yanai K, Osumi N. Bone Morphogenetic Proteins Inhibit Ciliogenesis of Ependymal Cells in Vitro. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2020; 252:199-208. [DOI: 10.1620/tjem.252.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Hiraoka
- Division of Cyclotron Nuclear Medicine, Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center, Tohoku University
| | - Hitoshi Inada
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
- Laboratory of Health and Sports Science, Division of Biomedical Engineering for Health and Welfare, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering
| | - Kazuhiko Yanai
- Department of Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Noriko Osumi
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, United Centers for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
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31
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Moreno-Manzano V. Ependymal cells in the spinal cord as neuronal progenitors. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2019; 50:82-87. [PMID: 31901616 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ependymal cells are neural progenitors and form part of the central canal of the spinal cord. Therefore, ependymal cells could serve as a potential source of neural progenitors for regenerative medicine applications. Such applications consist of endogenous activation or exogenous transplantation, alone or in combination with pharmacological treatments, to repair spinal cord injuries. This mini review describes the main phenotypical characteristics of ependymal cells from spinal cord and the opportunities offered for spinal cord injury therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Moreno-Manzano
- Neuronal and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain.
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32
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Di Bella DJ, Carcagno AL, Bartolomeu ML, Pardi MB, Löhr H, Siegel N, Hammerschmidt M, Marín-Burgin A, Lanuza GM. Ascl1 Balances Neuronal versus Ependymal Fate in the Spinal Cord Central Canal. Cell Rep 2019; 28:2264-2274.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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33
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Lalioti ME, Kaplani K, Lokka G, Georgomanolis T, Kyrousi C, Dong W, Dunbar A, Parlapani E, Damianidou E, Spassky N, Kahle KT, Papantonis A, Lygerou Z, Taraviras S. GemC1 is a critical switch for neural stem cell generation in the postnatal brain. Glia 2019; 67:2360-2373. [PMID: 31328313 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The subventricular zone (SVZ) is one of two main niches where neurogenesis persists during adulthood, as it retains neural stem cells (NSCs) with self-renewal capacity and multi-lineage potency. Another critical cellular component of the niche is the population of postmitotic multiciliated ependymal cells. Both cell types are derived from radial glial cells that become specified to each lineage during embryogenesis. We show here that GemC1, encoding Geminin coiled-coil domain-containing protein 1, is associated with congenital hydrocephalus in humans and mice. Our results show that GemC1 deficiency drives cells toward a NSC phenotype, at the expense of multiciliated ependymal cell generation. The increased number of NSCs is accompanied by increased levels of proliferation and neurogenesis in the postnatal SVZ. Finally, GemC1-knockout cells display altered chromatin organization at multiple loci, further supporting a NSC identity. Together, these findings suggest that GemC1 regulates the balance between NSC generation and ependymal cell differentiation, with implications for the pathogenesis of human congenital hydrocephalus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Eleni Lalioti
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Konstantina Kaplani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Georgia Lokka
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Christina Kyrousi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Weilai Dong
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Ashley Dunbar
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Evangelia Parlapani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Eleni Damianidou
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Nathalie Spassky
- Cilia biology and neurogenesis, Institut de biologie de l' Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, Paris, France
| | - Kristopher T Kahle
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Argyris Papantonis
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Zoi Lygerou
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Stavros Taraviras
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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34
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Lalioti ME, Arbi M, Loukas I, Kaplani K, Kalogeropoulou A, Lokka G, Kyrousi C, Mizi A, Georgomanolis T, Josipovic N, Gkikas D, Benes V, Politis PK, Papantonis A, Lygerou Z, Taraviras S. GemC1 governs multiciliogenesis through direct interaction with and transcriptional regulation of p73. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.228684. [PMID: 31028178 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.228684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A distinct combination of transcription factors elicits the acquisition of a specific fate and the initiation of a differentiation program. Multiciliated cells (MCCs) are a specialized type of epithelial cells that possess dozens of motile cilia on their apical surface. Defects in cilia function have been associated with ciliopathies that affect many organs, including brain and airway epithelium. Here we show that the geminin coiled-coil domain-containing protein 1 GemC1 (also known as Lynkeas) regulates the transcriptional activation of p73, a transcription factor central to multiciliogenesis. Moreover, we show that GemC1 acts in a trimeric complex with transcription factor E2F5 and tumor protein p73 (officially known as TP73), and that this complex is important for the activation of the p73 promoter. We also provide in vivo evidence that GemC1 is necessary for p73 expression in different multiciliated epithelia. We further show that GemC1 regulates multiciliogenesis through the control of chromatin organization, and the epigenetic marks/tags of p73 and Foxj 1. Our results highlight novel signaling cues involved in the commitment program of MCCs across species and tissues.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Eleni Lalioti
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Marina Arbi
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Ioannis Loukas
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Konstantina Kaplani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Argyro Kalogeropoulou
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Georgia Lokka
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Christina Kyrousi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Athanasia Mizi
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Theodore Georgomanolis
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Natasa Josipovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Gkikas
- Department of Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Efesiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Vladimir Benes
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Core Facilities and Services, Meyerhofstraße 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Panagiotis K Politis
- Department of Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 4 Soranou Efesiou Street, 115 27 Athens, Greece
| | - Argyris Papantonis
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Zoi Lygerou
- Department of General Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Stavros Taraviras
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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35
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Wildung M, Esser TU, Grausam KB, Wiedwald C, Volceanov-Hahn L, Riedel D, Beuermann S, Li L, Zylla J, Guenther AK, Wienken M, Ercetin E, Han Z, Bremmer F, Shomroni O, Andreas S, Zhao H, Lizé M. Transcription factor TAp73 and microRNA-449 complement each other to support multiciliogenesis. Cell Death Differ 2019; 26:2740-2757. [PMID: 31068677 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Motile cilia serve vital functions in development, homeostasis, and regeneration. We recently demonstrated that TAp73 is an essential transcriptional regulator of respiratory multiciliogenesis. Here, we show that TAp73 is expressed in multiciliated cells (MCCs) of diverse tissues. Analysis of TAp73 mutant animals revealed that TAp73 regulates Foxj1, Rfx2, Rfx3, axonemal dyneins Dnali1 and Dnai1, plays a pivotal role in the generation of MCCs in male and female reproductive ducts, and contributes to fertility. However, the function of MCCs in the brain appears to be preserved despite the loss of TAp73, and robust activity of cilia-related networks is maintained in the absence of TAp73. Notably, TAp73 loss leads to distinct changes in ciliogenic microRNAs: miR34bc expression is reduced, whereas the miR449 cluster is induced in diverse multiciliated epithelia. Among different MCCs, choroid plexus (CP) epithelial cells in the brain display prominent miR449 expression, whereas brain ventricles exhibit significant increase in miR449 levels along with an increase in the activity of ciliogenic E2F4/MCIDAS circuit in TAp73 mutant animals. Conversely, E2F4 induces robust transcriptional response from miR449 genomic regions. To address whether increased miR449 levels in the brain maintain the multiciliogenesis program in the absence of TAp73, we deleted both TAp73 and miR449 in mice. Although loss of miR449 alone led to a mild ciliary defect in the CP, more pronounced ciliary defects and hydrocephalus were observed in the brain lacking both TAp73 and miR449. In contrast, miR449 loss in other MCCs failed to enhance ciliary defects associated with TAp73 loss. Together, our study shows that, in addition to the airways, TAp73 is essential for generation of MCCs in male and female reproductive ducts, whereas miR449 and TAp73 complement each other to support multiciliogenesis and CP development in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merit Wildung
- Molecular & Experimental Pneumology Group, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Tilman Uli Esser
- Molecular & Experimental Pneumology Group, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Katie Baker Grausam
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapeutics Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.,Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Cornelia Wiedwald
- Molecular & Experimental Pneumology Group, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Larisa Volceanov-Hahn
- Molecular & Experimental Pneumology Group, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Dietmar Riedel
- Electron Microscopy, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sabine Beuermann
- Molecular & Experimental Pneumology Group, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Li Li
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapeutics Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Jessica Zylla
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapeutics Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Ann-Kathrin Guenther
- Department of Genes and Behavior, MPI for Biophysical Chemistry, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Magdalena Wienken
- Institute of Molecular Oncology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Evrim Ercetin
- Molecular & Experimental Pneumology Group, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Zhiyuan Han
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, USA
| | - Felix Bremmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Orr Shomroni
- Microarray and Deep-Sequencing Core Facility, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Andreas
- Molecular & Experimental Pneumology Group, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Haotian Zhao
- Cancer Biology and Immunotherapeutics Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, USA. .,Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, NY, USA.
| | - Muriel Lizé
- Molecular & Experimental Pneumology Group, Clinic for Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
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36
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Terré B, Lewis M, Gil-Gómez G, Han Z, Lu H, Aguilera M, Prats N, Roy S, Zhao H, Stracker TH. Defects in efferent duct multiciliogenesis underlie male infertility in GEMC1-, MCIDAS- or CCNO-deficient mice. Development 2019; 146:dev.162628. [PMID: 30936178 DOI: 10.1242/dev.162628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
GEMC1 and MCIDAS are geminin family proteins that transcriptionally activate E2F4/5-target genes during multiciliogenesis, including Foxj 1 and Ccno Male mice that lacked Gemc1, Mcidas or Ccno were found to be infertile, but the origin of this defect has remained unclear. Here, we show that all three genes are necessary for the generation of functional multiciliated cells in the efferent ducts that are required for spermatozoa to enter the epididymis. In mice that are mutant for Gemc1, Mcidas or Ccno, we observed a similar spectrum of phenotypes, including thinning of the seminiferous tubule epithelia, dilation of the rete testes, sperm agglutinations in the efferent ducts and lack of spermatozoa in the epididymis (azoospermia). These data suggest that defective efferent duct development is the dominant cause of male infertility in these mouse models, and this likely extends to individuals with the ciliopathy reduced generation of multiple motile cilia with mutations in MCIDAS and CCNO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Terré
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Michael Lewis
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Gabriel Gil-Gómez
- Apoptosis Signalling Group, IMIM (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Zhiyuan Han
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York, NY 11568, USA
| | - Hao Lu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Mònica Aguilera
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Neus Prats
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Sudipto Roy
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673, Singapore.,Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119288, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Haotian Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, Old Westbury, New York, NY 11568, USA
| | - Travis H Stracker
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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37
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Al Jord A, Spassky N, Meunier A. Motile ciliogenesis and the mitotic prism. Biol Cell 2019; 111:199-212. [PMID: 30905068 DOI: 10.1111/boc.201800072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Motile cilia of epithelial multiciliated cells transport vital fluids along organ lumens to promote essential respiratory, reproductive and brain functions. Progenitors of multiciliated cells undergo massive and coordinated organelle remodelling during their differentiation for subsequent motile ciliogenesis. Defects in multiciliated cell differentiation lead to severe cilia-related diseases by perturbing cilia-based flows. Recent work designated the machinery of mitosis as the orchestrator of the orderly progression of differentiation associated with multiple motile cilia formation. By examining the events leading to motile ciliogenesis with a methodological prism of mitosis, we contextualise and discuss the recent findings to broaden the spectrum of questions related to the differentiation of mammalian multiciliated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Al Jord
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, CNRS 7241 INSERM U1050, PSL Research University, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Nathalie Spassky
- Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, Paris, F-75005, France.,CNRS, UMR 8197, Paris, F-75005, France.,INSERM, U1024, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Alice Meunier
- Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL) Research University, Paris, F-75005, France.,CNRS, UMR 8197, Paris, F-75005, France.,INSERM, U1024, Paris, F-75005, France
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38
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Lu H, Anujan P, Zhou F, Zhang Y, Chong YL, Bingle CD, Roy S. Mcidas mutant mice reveal a two-step process for the specification and differentiation of multiciliated cells in mammals. Development 2019; 146:146/6/dev172643. [PMID: 30877126 DOI: 10.1242/dev.172643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Motile cilia on multiciliated cells (MCCs) function in fluid clearance over epithelia. Studies with Xenopus embryos and individuals with the congenital respiratory disorder reduced generation of multiple motile cilia (RGMC), have implicated the nuclear protein MCIDAS (MCI), in the transcriptional regulation of MCC specification and differentiation. Recently, a paralogous protein, geminin coiled-coil domain containing (GMNC), was also shown to be required for MCC formation. Surprisingly, in contrast to the presently held view, we find that Mci mutant mice can specify MCC precursors. However, these precursors cannot produce multiple basal bodies, and mature into single ciliated cells. We identify an essential role for MCI in inducing deuterosome pathway components for the production of multiple basal bodies. Moreover, GMNC and MCI associate differentially with the cell-cycle regulators E2F4 and E2F5, which enables them to activate distinct sets of target genes (ciliary transcription factor genes versus basal body amplification genes). Our data establish a previously unrecognized two-step model for MCC development: GMNC functions in the initial step for MCC precursor specification. GMNC induces Mci expression that drives the second step of basal body production for multiciliation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673
| | - Priyanka Anujan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673.,Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - Feng Zhou
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673
| | - Yiliu Zhang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673
| | - Yan Ling Chong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673
| | - Colin D Bingle
- Academic Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK
| | - Sudipto Roy
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore 138673 .,Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119288.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
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39
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Marques MM, Villoch-Fernandez J, Maeso-Alonso L, Fuertes-Alvarez S, Marin MC. The Trp73 Mutant Mice: A Ciliopathy Model That Uncouples Ciliogenesis From Planar Cell Polarity. Front Genet 2019; 10:154. [PMID: 30930930 PMCID: PMC6428764 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
p73 transcription factor belongs to one of the most important gene families in vertebrate biology, the p53-family. Trp73 gene, like the other family members, generates multiple isoforms named TA and DNp73, with different and, sometimes, antagonist functions. Although p73 shares many biological functions with p53, it also plays distinct roles during development. Trp73 null mice (p73KO from now on) show multiple phenotypes as gastrointestinal and cranial hemorrhages, rhinitis and severe central nervous system defects. Several groups, including ours, have revisited the apparently unrelated phenotypes observed in total p73KO and revealed a novel p73 function in the organization of ciliated epithelia in brain and trachea, but also an essential role as regulator of ependymal planar cell polarity. Unlike p73KO or TAp73KO mice, tumor-prone Trp53−/− mice (p53KO) do not present ependymal ciliary or planar cell polarity defects, indicating that regulation of ciliogenesis and PCP is a p73-specific function. Thus, loss of ciliary biogenesis and epithelial organization might be a common underlying cause of the diverse p73KO-phenotypes, highlighting Trp73 role as an architect of the epithelial tissue. In this review we would like to discuss the data regarding p73 role as regulator of ependymal cell ciliogenesis and PCP, supporting the view of the Trp73-mutant mice as a model that uncouples ciliogenesis from PCP and a possible model of human congenital hydrocephalus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita M Marques
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Laboratorio de Diferenciación Celular y Diseño de Modelos Celulares, Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Javier Villoch-Fernandez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Laboratorio de Diferenciación Celular y Diseño de Modelos Celulares, Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Laura Maeso-Alonso
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Laboratorio de Diferenciación Celular y Diseño de Modelos Celulares, Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Sandra Fuertes-Alvarez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Laboratorio de Diferenciación Celular y Diseño de Modelos Celulares, Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Maria C Marin
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Laboratorio de Diferenciación Celular y Diseño de Modelos Celulares, Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León, León, Spain
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40
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Ortiz-Álvarez G, Daclin M, Shihavuddin A, Lansade P, Fortoul A, Faucourt M, Clavreul S, Lalioti ME, Taraviras S, Hippenmeyer S, Livet J, Meunier A, Genovesio A, Spassky N. Adult Neural Stem Cells and Multiciliated Ependymal Cells Share a Common Lineage Regulated by the Geminin Family Members. Neuron 2019; 102:159-172.e7. [PMID: 30824354 PMCID: PMC6449116 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Adult neural stem cells and multiciliated ependymal cells are glial cells essential for neurological functions. Together, they make up the adult neurogenic niche. Using both high-throughput clonal analysis and single-cell resolution of progenitor division patterns and fate, we show that these two components of the neurogenic niche are lineally related: adult neural stem cells are sister cells to ependymal cells, whereas most ependymal cells arise from the terminal symmetric divisions of the lineage. Unexpectedly, we found that the antagonist regulators of DNA replication, GemC1 and Geminin, can tune the proportion of neural stem cells and ependymal cells. Our findings reveal the controlled dynamic of the neurogenic niche ontogeny and identify the Geminin family members as key regulators of the initial pool of adult neural stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Ortiz-Álvarez
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marie Daclin
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Asm Shihavuddin
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Pauline Lansade
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Aurélien Fortoul
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marion Faucourt
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Solène Clavreul
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Maria-Eleni Lalioti
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - Stavros Taraviras
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - Simon Hippenmeyer
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Jean Livet
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Alice Meunier
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Auguste Genovesio
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Spassky
- Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005 Paris, France.
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41
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Nakatani Y, Kiyonari H, Kondo T. Ecrg4 deficiency extends the replicative capacity of neural stem cells in a Foxg1-dependent manner. Development 2019; 146:dev.168120. [PMID: 30745428 DOI: 10.1242/dev.168120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The self-renewal activity of neural stem cells (NSCs) has been suggested to decrease with aging, resulting in age-dependent declines in brain function, such as presbyopia and memory loss. The molecular mechanisms underlying decreases in NSC proliferation with age need to be elucidated in more detail to develop treatments that promote brain function. We have previously reported that the expression of esophageal cancer-related gene 4 (Ecrg4) was upregulated in aged NSCs, whereas its overexpression decreased NSC proliferation, suggesting a functional relationship between Ecrg4 and NSC aging. Using Ecrg4-deficient mice in which the Ecrg4 locus was replaced with the lacZ gene, we here show that Ecrg4 deficiency recovered the age-dependent decline in NSC proliferation and enhanced spatial learning and memory in the Morris water-maze paradigm. We demonstrate that the proliferation of Ecrg4-deficient NSCs was partly maintained by the increased expression of Foxg1. Collectively, these results determine Ecrg4 as a NSC aging factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Nakatani
- Division of Bio-Function Dynamics Imaging, Center for Life Science Technology, RIKEN, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyonari
- Animal Resource Development Unit and Genetic Engineering Team, Center for Life Science Technology, RIKEN, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Toru Kondo
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0815, Japan
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42
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Stracker TH. E2F4/5-mediated transcriptional control of multiciliated cell differentiation: redundancy or fine-tuning? Dev Biol 2019; 446:20-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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43
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CDC20B is required for deuterosome-mediated centriole production in multiciliated cells. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4668. [PMID: 30405130 PMCID: PMC6220262 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06768-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiciliated cells (MCCs) harbor dozens to hundreds of motile cilia, which generate hydrodynamic forces important in animal physiology. In vertebrates, MCC differentiation involves massive centriole production by poorly characterized structures called deuterosomes. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that human deuterosome stage MCCs are characterized by the expression of many cell cycle-related genes. We further investigated the uncharacterized vertebrate-specific cell division cycle 20B (CDC20B) gene, which hosts microRNA-449abc. We show that CDC20B protein associates to deuterosomes and is required for centriole release and subsequent cilia production in mouse and Xenopus MCCs. CDC20B interacts with PLK1, a kinase known to coordinate centriole disengagement with the protease Separase in mitotic cells. Strikingly, over-expression of Separase rescues centriole disengagement and cilia production in CDC20B-deficient MCCs. This work reveals the shaping of deuterosome-mediated centriole production in vertebrate MCCs, by adaptation of canonical and recently evolved cell cycle-related molecules.
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44
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Bardella C, Al-Shammari AR, Soares L, Tomlinson I, O'Neill E, Szele FG. The role of inflammation in subventricular zone cancer. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 170:37-52. [PMID: 29654835 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The adult subventricular zone (SVZ) stem cell niche has proven vital for discovering neurodevelopmental mechanisms and holds great potential in medicine for neurodegenerative diseases. Yet the SVZ holds a dark side - it can become tumorigenic. Glioblastomas can arise from the SVZ via cancer stem cells (CSCs). Glioblastoma and other brain cancers often have dismal prognoses since they are resistant to treatment. In this review we argue that the SVZ is susceptible to cancer because it contains stem cells, migratory progenitors and unusual inflammation. Theoretically, SVZ stem cells can convert to CSCs more readily than can postmitotic neural cells. Additionally, the robust long-distance migration of SVZ progenitors can be subverted upon tumorigenesis to an infiltrative phenotype. There is evidence that the SVZ, even in health, exhibits chronic low-grade cellular and molecular inflammation. Its inflammatory response to brain injuries and disease differs from that of other brain regions. We hypothesize that the SVZ inflammatory environment can predispose cells to novel mutations and exacerbate cancer phenotypes. This can be studied in animal models in which human mutations related to cancer are knocked into the SVZ to induce tumorigenesis and the CSC immune interactions that precede full-blown cancer. Importantly inflammation can be pharmacologically modulated providing an avenue to brain cancer management and treatment. The SVZ is accessible by virtue of its location surrounding the lateral ventricles and CSCs in the SVZ can be targeted with a variety of pharmacotherapies. Thus, the SVZ can yield aggressive tumors but can be targeted via several strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bardella
- Institute of Cancer and Genomics Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Abeer R Al-Shammari
- Research and Development, Qatar Research Leadership Program, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Luana Soares
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Institute of Cancer and Genomics Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Eric O'Neill
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Francis G Szele
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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45
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Coletti AM, Singh D, Kumar S, Shafin TN, Briody PJ, Babbitt BF, Pan D, Norton ES, Brown EC, Kahle KT, Del Bigio MR, Conover JC. Characterization of the ventricular-subventricular stem cell niche during human brain development. Development 2018; 145:dev.170100. [PMID: 30237244 DOI: 10.1242/dev.170100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Human brain development proceeds via a sequentially transforming stem cell population in the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ). An essential, but understudied, contributor to V-SVZ stem cell niche health is the multi-ciliated ependymal epithelium, which replaces stem cells at the ventricular surface during development. However, reorganization of the V-SVZ stem cell niche and its relationship to ependymogenesis has not been characterized in the human brain. Based on comprehensive comparative spatiotemporal analyses of cytoarchitectural changes along the mouse and human ventricle surface, we uncovered a distinctive stem cell retention pattern in humans as ependymal cells populate the surface of the ventricle in an occipital-to-frontal wave. During perinatal development, ventricle-contacting stem cells are reduced. By 7 months few stem cells are detected, paralleling the decline in neurogenesis. In adolescence and adulthood, stem cells and neurogenesis are not observed along the lateral wall. Volume, surface area and curvature of the lateral ventricles all significantly change during fetal development but stabilize after 1 year, corresponding with the wave of ependymogenesis and stem cell reduction. These findings reveal normal human V-SVZ development, highlighting the consequences of disease pathologies such as congenital hydrocephalus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Coletti
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Deepinder Singh
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Tasnuva Nuhat Shafin
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Patrick J Briody
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Benjamin F Babbitt
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Derek Pan
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Emily S Norton
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Eliot C Brown
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Kristopher T Kahle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pediatrics, and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Marc R Del Bigio
- Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 3P5, Canada
| | - Joanne C Conover
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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Robinson S, Conteh FS, Oppong AY, Yellowhair TR, Newville JC, Demerdash NE, Shrock CL, Maxwell JR, Jett S, Northington FJ, Jantzie LL. Extended Combined Neonatal Treatment With Erythropoietin Plus Melatonin Prevents Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus of Prematurity in Rats. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:322. [PMID: 30319361 PMCID: PMC6167494 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus of prematurity (PHHP) remains a global challenge. Early preterm infants (<32 weeks gestation), particularly those exposed to chorioamnionitis (CAM), are prone to intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and PHHP. We established an age-appropriate, preclinical model of PHHP with progressive macrocephaly and ventriculomegaly to test whether non-surgical neonatal treatment could modulate PHHP. We combined prenatal CAM and postnatal day 1 (P1, equivalent to 30 weeks human gestation) IVH in rats, and administered systemic erythropoietin (EPO) plus melatonin (MLT), or vehicle, from P2 to P10. CAM-IVH rats developed progressive macrocephaly through P21. Macrocephaly was accompanied by ventriculomegaly at P5 (histology), and P21 (ex vivo MRI). CAM-IVH rats showed impaired performance of cliff aversion, a neonatal neurodevelopmental test. Neonatal EPO+MLT treatment prevented macrocephaly and cliff aversion impairment, and significantly reduced ventriculomegaly. EPO+MLT treatment prevented matted or missing ependymal motile cilia observed in vehicle-treated CAM-IVH rats. EPO+MLT treatment also normalized ependymal yes-associated protein (YAP) mRNA levels, and reduced ependymal GFAP-immunolabeling. Vehicle-treated CAM-IVH rats exhibited loss of microstructural integrity on diffusion tensor imaging, which was normalized in EPO+MLT-treated CAM-IVH rats. In summary, combined prenatal systemic inflammation plus early postnatal IVH caused progressive macrocephaly, ventriculomegaly and delayed development of cliff aversion reminiscent of PHHP. Neonatal systemic EPO+MLT treatment prevented multiple hallmarks of PHHP, consistent with a clinically viable, non-surgical treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenandoah Robinson
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Fatu S Conteh
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Akosua Y Oppong
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Tracylyn R Yellowhair
- Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Jessie C Newville
- Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Nagat El Demerdash
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Christine L Shrock
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jessie R Maxwell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Stephen Jett
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Frances J Northington
- Division of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lauren L Jantzie
- Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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47
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Kim S, Ma L, Shokhirev MN, Quigley I, Kintner C. Multicilin and activated E2f4 induce multiciliated cell differentiation in primary fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12369. [PMID: 30120325 PMCID: PMC6098136 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30791-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiciliated cells (MCCs) are specialized epithelial cells that project hundreds of motile cilia. To form these cilia, MCCs differentiate by dramatically expanding centriole number, using assembly factors required for centriole duplication during the cell cycle and multiple, novel assembly sites, called the deuterosome. The small coiled-coil protein, Multicilin, acting in a complex with the E2F proteins can initiate multiciliated cell differentiation, but reportedly only in a limited range of epithelial progenitors. To examine the nature of this restricted activity, we analyzed Multicilin activity in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), a cell type distant from the epithelial lineages where MCCs normally arise. We show that Multicilin transcriptional activity is markedly attenuated in MEFs, where it induces only limited centriole expansion in a small fraction of cells. We further show that this transcriptional block is largely bypassed by expressing Multicilin along with a form of E2f4 where a generic activation domain from HSV1 VP16 (E2f4VP16) is fused to the carboxy terminus. MEFs respond to Multicilin and E2f4VP16 by undergoing massive centriole expansion via the deuterosome pathway, recapitulating a temporal sequence of organelle biogenesis that occurs in epithelial progenitors during MCC differentiation. These results suggest that the pattern of organelle biogenesis occurring in differentiating MCCs is largely determined by the transcriptional changes induced by Multicilin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongjae Kim
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Lina Ma
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | | | - Ian Quigley
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Chris Kintner
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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48
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Arbi M, Pefani DE, Taraviras S, Lygerou Z. Controlling centriole numbers: Geminin family members as master regulators of centriole amplification and multiciliogenesis. Chromosoma 2017; 127:151-174. [PMID: 29243212 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-017-0652-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
To ensure that the genetic material is accurately passed down to daughter cells during mitosis, dividing cells must duplicate their chromosomes and centrosomes once and only once per cell cycle. The same key steps-licensing, duplication, and segregation-control both the chromosome and the centrosome cycle, which must occur in concert to safeguard genome integrity. Aberrations in genome content or centrosome numbers lead to genomic instability and are linked to tumorigenesis. Such aberrations, however, can also be part of the normal life cycle of specific cell types. Multiciliated cells best exemplify the deviation from a normal centrosome cycle. They are post-mitotic cells which massively amplify their centrioles, bypassing the rule for once-per-cell-cycle centriole duplication. Hundreds of centrioles dock to the apical cell surface and generate motile cilia, whose concerted movement ensures fluid flow across epithelia. The early steps that control the generation of multiciliated cells have lately started to be elucidated. Geminin and the vertebrate-specific GemC1 and McIdas are distantly related coiled-coil proteins, initially identified as cell cycle regulators associated with the chromosome cycle. Geminin is required to ensure once-per-cell-cycle genome replication, while McIdas and GemC1 bind to Geminin and are implicated in DNA replication control. Recent findings highlight Geminin family members as early regulators of multiciliogenesis. GemC1 and McIdas specify the multiciliate cell fate by forming complexes with the E2F4/5 transcription factors to switch on a gene expression program leading to centriole amplification and cilia formation. Positive and negative interactions among Geminin family members may link cell cycle control to centriole amplification and multiciliogenesis, acting close to the point of transition from proliferation to differentiation. We review key steps of centrosome duplication and amplification, present the role of Geminin family members in the centrosome and chromosome cycle, and discuss links with disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Arbi
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - Dafni-Eleftheria Pefani
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Patras, Greece.,CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Stavros Taraviras
- Laboratory of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Lygerou
- Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Patras, Greece.
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49
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Tavares B, Jacinto R, Sampaio P, Pestana S, Pinto A, Vaz A, Roxo-Rosa M, Gardner R, Lopes T, Schilling B, Henry I, Saúde L, Lopes SS. Notch/Her12 signalling modulates, motile/immotile cilia ratio downstream of Foxj1a in zebrafish left-right organizer. eLife 2017; 6:25165. [PMID: 28875937 PMCID: PMC5608511 DOI: 10.7554/elife.25165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Foxj1a is necessary and sufficient to specify motile cilia. Using transcriptional studies and slow-scan two-photon live imaging capable of identifying the number of motile and immotile cilia, we now established that the final number of motile cilia depends on Notch signalling (NS). We found that despite all left-right organizer (LRO) cells express foxj1a and the ciliary axonemes of these cells have dynein arms, some cilia remain immotile. We identified that this decision is taken early in development in the Kupffer's Vesicle (KV) precursors the readout being her12 transcription. We demonstrate that overexpression of either her12 or Notch intracellular domain (NICD) increases the number of immotile cilia at the expense of motile cilia, and leads to an accumulation of immotile cilia at the anterior half of the KV. This disrupts the normal fluid flow intensity and pattern, with consequent impact on dand5 expression pattern and left-right (L-R) axis establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tavares
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Raquel Jacinto
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Sampaio
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara Pestana
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andreia Pinto
- Laboratório de Histologia e Patologia Comparada, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andreia Vaz
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mónica Roxo-Rosa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rui Gardner
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Telma Lopes
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | - Ian Henry
- MPI of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Leonor Saúde
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular e Instituto de Histologia e Biologia do Desenvolvimento, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Susana Santos Lopes
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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50
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Abstract
Motile and non-motile (primary) cilia are nearly ubiquitous cellular organelles. The dysfunction of cilia causes diseases known as ciliopathies. The number of reported ciliopathies (currently 35) is increasing, as is the number of established (187) and candidate (241) ciliopathy-associated genes. The characterization of ciliopathy-associated proteins and phenotypes has improved our knowledge of ciliary functions. In particular, investigating ciliopathies has helped us to understand the molecular mechanisms by which the cilium-associated basal body functions in early ciliogenesis, as well as how the transition zone functions in ciliary gating, and how intraflagellar transport enables cargo trafficking and signalling. Both basic biological and clinical studies are uncovering novel ciliopathies and the ciliary proteins involved. The assignment of these proteins to different ciliary structures, processes and ciliopathy subclasses (first order and second order) provides insights into how this versatile organelle is built, compartmentalized and functions in diverse ways that are essential for human health.
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