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Hernández-Esquivel AA, Torres-Olmos JA, Méndez-Gómez M, Castro-Mercado E, Flores-Cortéz I, Peña-Uribe CA, Campos-García J, López-Bucio J, Reyes-de la Cruz H, Valencia-Cantero E, García-Pineda E. Hydrogen peroxide modulates the expression of the target of rapamycin (TOR) and cell division in Arabidopsis thaliana. PROTOPLASMA 2024:10.1007/s00709-024-01959-6. [PMID: 38802622 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-024-01959-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is naturally produced by plant cells during normal development and serves as a messenger that regulates cell metabolism. Despite its importance, the relationship between hydrogen peroxide and the target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway, as well as its impact on cell division, has been poorly analyzed. In this study, we explore the interaction of H2O2 with TOR, a serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a central role in controlling cell growth, size, and metabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana. By applying two concentrations of H2O2 exogenously (0.5 and 1 mM), we could correlate developmental traits, such as primary root growth, lateral root formation, and fresh weight, with the expression of the cell cycle gene CYCB1;1, as well as TOR expression. When assessing the expression of the ribosome biogenesis-related gene RPS27B, an increase of 94.34% was noted following exposure to 1 mM H2O2 treatment. This increase was suppressed by the TOR inhibitor torin 2. The elimination of H2O2 accumulation with ascorbic acid (AA) resulted in decreased cell division as well as TOR expression. The potential molecular mechanisms associated with the effects of H2O2 on the cell cycle and TOR expression in roots are discussed in the context of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Alejandra Hernández-Esquivel
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. B1, Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58040, México
| | - Jorge Alejandro Torres-Olmos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. B1, Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58040, México
| | - Manuel Méndez-Gómez
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Unidad Irapuato, 36821, Irapuato, Gto., México
| | - Elda Castro-Mercado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. B1, Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58040, México
| | - Idolina Flores-Cortéz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. B1, Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58040, México
| | - César Arturo Peña-Uribe
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. B1, Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58040, México
| | - Jesús Campos-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. B1, Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58040, México
| | - José López-Bucio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. B1, Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58040, México
| | - Homero Reyes-de la Cruz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. B1, Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58040, México
| | - Eduardo Valencia-Cantero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. B1, Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58040, México
| | - Ernesto García-Pineda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Edif. B1, Morelia, Michoacán, CP 58040, México.
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Yu H, Li W, Liu X, Song Q, Li J, Xu J. Physiological and molecular bases of the nickel toxicity responses in tomato. STRESS BIOLOGY 2024; 4:25. [PMID: 38722370 PMCID: PMC11082119 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-024-00162-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Nickel (Ni), a component of urease, is a micronutrient essential for plant growth and development, but excess Ni is toxic to plants. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the important vegetables worldwide. Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides led to Ni contamination in agricultural soils, thus reducing yield and quality of tomatoes. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of Ni toxicity responses in tomato plants have largely not been elucidated. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the Ni toxicity response in tomato plants by physio-biochemical, transcriptomic and molecular regulatory network analyses. Ni toxicity repressed photosynthesis, induced the formation of brush-like lateral roots and interfered with micronutrient accumulation in tomato seedlings. Ni toxicity also induced reactive oxygen species accumulation and oxidative stress responses in plants. Furthermore, Ni toxicity reduced the phytohormone concentrations, including auxin, cytokinin and gibberellic acid, thereby retarding plant growth. Transcriptome analysis revealed that Ni toxicity altered the expression of genes involved in carbon/nitrogen metabolism pathways. Taken together, these results provide a theoretical basis for identifying key genes that could reduce excess Ni accumulation in tomato plants and are helpful for ensuring food safety and sustainable agricultural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization of Vegetable and Flower, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Weimin Li
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization of Vegetable and Flower, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization of Vegetable and Flower, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Qianqian Song
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization of Vegetable and Flower, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Junjun Li
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization of Vegetable and Flower, Taiyuan, 030031, China
| | - Jin Xu
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China.
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization of Vegetable and Flower, Taiyuan, 030031, China.
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Cai Z, Dai Y, Jin X, Xu H, Huang Z, Xie Z, Yu X, Luo J. Ambient temperature regulates root circumnutation in rice through the ethylene pathway: transcriptome analysis reveals key genes involved. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1348295. [PMID: 38525142 PMCID: PMC10957643 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1348295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Plant roots are constantly prepared to adjust their growth trajectories to avoid unfavorable environments, and their ability to reorient is particularly crucial for survival. Under laboratory conditions, this continuous reorientation of the root tip is manifested as coiling or waving, which we refer to as root circumnutation. However, the effect of ambient temperature (AT) on root circumnutation remains unexplored. In this study, rice seedlings were employed to assess the impact of varying ATs on root circumnutation. The role of ethylene in mediating root circumnutation under elevated AT was examined using the ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor aminooxyacetic acid (AOA) and the ethylene perception antagonist silver thiosulfate (STS). Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and real-time quantitative PCR were utilized to analyze gene expressions in rice root tips under four distinct treatments: 25°C, 35°C, 35°C+STS, and 35°C+AOA. As a result, genes associated with ethylene synthesis and signaling (OsACOs and OsERFs), auxin synthesis and transport (OsYUCCA6, OsABCB15, and OsNPFs), cell elongation (OsEXPAs, OsXTHs, OsEGL1, and OsEXORDIUMs), as well as the inhibition of root curling (OsRMC) were identified. Notably, the expression levels of these genes increased with rising temperatures above 25°C. This study is the first to demonstrate that elevated AT can induce root circumnutation in rice via the ethylene pathway and proposes a potential molecular model through the identification of key genes. These findings offer valuable insights into the growth regulation mechanism of plant roots under elevated AT conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeping Cai
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Yinuo Dai
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Xia Jin
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Hui Xu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Zhenyu Xie
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Xudong Yu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Jiajia Luo
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, China
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Begum K, Das A, Ahmed R, Akhtar S, Kulkarni R, Banu S. Genome-wide analysis of respiratory burst oxidase homolog ( Rboh) genes in Aquilaria species and insight into ROS-mediated metabolites biosynthesis and resin deposition. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1326080. [PMID: 38405033 PMCID: PMC10893762 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1326080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh) generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a defense response during biotic and abiotic stress. In Aquilaria plants, wounding and fungal infection result in biosynthesis and deposition of secondary metabolites as defense responses, which later form constituents of fragrant resinous agarwood. During injury and fungal invasion, Aquilaria tree generates ROS species via the Rboh enzymes. Despite the implication of Rboh genes in agarwood formation, no comprehensive genomic-level study of the Rboh gene family in Aquilaria is present. A systematic illustration of their role during stress and involvement in initiating signal cascades for agarwood metabolite biosynthesis is missing. In this study, 14 Rboh genes were retrieved from genomes of two Aquilaria species, A. agallocha and A. sinensis, and were classified into five groups. The promoter regions of the genes had abundant of stress-responsive elements. Protein-protein network and in silico expression analysis suggested their functional association with MAPK proteins and transcription factors such as WRKY and MYC2. The study further explored the expression profiles of Rboh genes and found them to be differentially regulated in stress-induced callus and stem tissue, suggesting their involvement in ROS generation during stress in Aquilaria. Overall, the study provides in-depth insight into two Rboh genes, AaRbohC and AaRbohA, highlighting their role in defense against fungal and abiotic stress, and likely during initiation of agarwood formation through modulation of genes involved in secondary metabolites biosynthesis. The findings presented here offer valuable information about Rboh family members, which can be leveraged for further investigations into ROS-mediated regulation of agarwood formation in Aquilaria species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaleda Begum
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Ankur Das
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Raja Ahmed
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Suraiya Akhtar
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Ram Kulkarni
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Sofia Banu
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India
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Tsuboyama S, Okumura T, Attri P, Koga K, Shiratani M, Kuchitsu K. Growth control of Marchantia polymorpha gemmae using nonthermal plasma irradiation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3172. [PMID: 38326376 PMCID: PMC10850213 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53104-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Several studies have documented that treatment by cold atmospheric pressure plasma (CAPP) on plants foster seed germination and growth in recent years. However, the molecular processes that underlie the action of CAPP on the seeds and plants remain mostly enigmatic. We here introduce gemmae of Marchantia polymorpha, a basal liverwort, as a novel model plant material suitable for CAPP research. Treating the gemmae with CAPP for a constant time interval at low power resulted in consistent growth enhancement, while growth inhibition at higher power in a dose-dependent manner. These results distinctly demonstrate that CAPP irradiation can positively and negatively regulate plant growth depending on the plasma intensity of irradiation, offering a suitable experimental system for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of CAPP in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Tsuboyama
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Takamasa Okumura
- Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motoka, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Pankaj Attri
- Center of Plasma Nano-Interface Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazunori Koga
- Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motoka, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Masaharu Shiratani
- Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motoka, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- Center of Plasma Nano-Interface Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kuchitsu
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
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Wang L, Qian J, Li M, Zheng H, Yang X, Zheng M, Hsu YF. Arabidopsis PDE1 confers phosphate-deficiency tolerance in primary root growth. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 43:8. [PMID: 38133662 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03120-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE PDE1 acts as a mediator of primary root growth in response to Pi deficiency. Phosphorus is commonly considered as a limiting nutrient for plant growth, which is mainly due to the immobility and uneven distribution of phosphate (Pi) in soils so that available Pi is not adequate in the rhizosphere. Although various mediators have been identified in Pi sensing and response, more details need to be uncovered in plant Pi-deficiency tolerance. Here, we isolated a mutant, termed pde1 (phosphate-deficiency sensitive 1), showing the hypersensitive Pi-deficiency-induced growth inhibition of primary roots. PDE1 encodes a hydroxyphenylpyruvate reductase with rare activity in vitro and repressed by Pi deficiency. Histochemical analysis displayed that Pi-deprived pde1 accumulated more Fe and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in primary roots than the wild type (WT). Addition of ferrozine, a Fe2+ chelator, or a ROS scavenger (e.g., thiourea and potassium iodide), alleviated the sensitivity of Pi-deficiency in pde1 primary roots. By contrast, pde1 showed reduced cotyledon expansion rate with treatment of H2O2 compared to WT. Taken together, these results suggested that PDE1 is responsible for regulating primary root growth in response to Pi deficiency, which is associated with ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Qian
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Yi-Feng Hsu
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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Wu F, Zhao M, Zhang Y, Si W, Cheng B, Li X. Systematic analysis of the Rboh gene family in seven gramineous plants and its roles in response to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in maize. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:603. [PMID: 38030972 PMCID: PMC10688149 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04571-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh) gene family produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), and it plays key roles in plant-microbe interaction. Most Rboh gene family-related studies mainly focused on dicotyledonous plants; however, little is known about the roles of Rboh genes in gramineae. RESULTS A total of 106 Rboh genes were identified in seven gramineae species, including Zea mays, Sorghum bicolor, Brachypodium distachyon, Oryza sativa, Setaria italica, Hordeum vulgare, and Triticum aestivum. The Rboh protein sequences showed high similarities, suggesting that they may have conserved functions across different species. Duplication mode analysis detected whole-genome/segmental duplication (WGD)/(SD) and dispersed in the seven species. Interestingly, two local duplication (LD, including tandem and proximal duplication) modes were found in Z. mays, S. italica and H. vulgare, while four LD were detected in T. aestivum, indicating that these genes may have similar functions. Collinearity analysis indicated that Rboh genes are at a stable evolution state in all the seven species. Besides, Rboh genes from Z. mays were closely related to those from S. bicolor, consistent with the current understanding of plant evolutionary history. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the genes in the subgroups I and II may participate in plant-AM fungus symbiosis. Cis-element analysis showed that different numbers of elements are related to fungal induction in the promoter region. Expression profiles of Rboh genes in Z. mays suggested that Rboh genes had distinct spatial expression patterns. By inoculation with AM fungi, our transcriptome analysis showed that the expression of Rboh genes varies upon AM fungal inoculation. In particularly, ZmRbohF was significantly upregulated after inoculation with AM fungi. pZmRbohF::GUS expression analyses indicated that ZmRbohF was induced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in maize. By comparing WT and ZmRbohF mutant, we found ZmRbohF had limited impact on the establishment of maize-AM fungi symbiosis, but play critical roles in regulating the proper development of arbuscules. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the evolution relationship of Rboh genes in seven gramineae species. Results showed that several Rboh genes regulate maize-AM fungal symbiosis process. This study provides valuable information for further studies of Rboh genes in gramineae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulang Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University of China, Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Manli Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University of China, Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yajing Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University of China, Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Weina Si
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University of China, Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Beijiu Cheng
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University of China, Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
- College of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University of China, Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, China.
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Yan J, Song Y, Li M, Hu T, Hsu YF, Zheng M. IRR1 contributes to de novo root regeneration from Arabidopsis thaliana leaf explants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14047. [PMID: 37882290 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Plants are capable of regenerating adventitious roots (ARs), which is important for plant response to stress and survival. Although great advances in understanding AR formation of leaf explants have been made, the regulatory mechanisms of AR formation still need to be investigated. In this study, irr1-1 (impaired root regeneration) was isolated with the inhibition of adventitious rooting from Arabidopsis leaf explants. The β-glucuronidase (GUS) signals of IRR1pro::GUS in detached leaves could be detected at 2-6 days after culture. IRR1 is annotated to encode a Class III peroxidase localized in the cell wall. The total peroxidase (POD) activity of irr1 mutants was significantly lower than that of the wild type. Detached leaves of irr1 mutants showed enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation 4 days after leaves were excised from seedlings. Moreover, thiourea, a ROS scavenger, was able to rescue the adventitious rooting rate in leaf explants of irr1 mutants. Addition of 0.1 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) improved the adventitious rooting from leaf explants of irr1 mutants. Taken together, these results indicated that IRR1 was involved in AR formation of leaf explants, which was associated with ROS homeostasis to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Song
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi-Feng Hsu
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments of Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Esparza-Reynoso S, Ávalos-Rangel A, Pelagio-Flores R, López-Bucio J. Reactive oxygen species and NADPH oxidase-encoding genes underly the plant growth and developmental responses to Trichoderma. PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:1257-1269. [PMID: 36877382 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01847-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The modulation of plant growth and development through reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a hallmark during the interactions with microorganisms, but how fungi and their molecules influence endogenous ROS production in the root remains unknown. In this report, we correlated the biostimulant effect of Trichoderma atroviride with Arabidopsis root development via ROS signaling. T. atroviride enhanced ROS accumulation in primary root tips, lateral root primordia, and emerged lateral roots as revealed by total ROS imaging through the fluorescent probe H2DCF-DA and NBT detection. Acidification of the substrate and emission of the volatile organic compound 6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one appear to be major factors by which the fungus triggers ROS accumulation. Besides, the disruption of plant NADPH oxidases, also known as respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs) including ROBHA, RBOHD, but mainly RBOHE, impaired root and shoot fresh weight and the root branching enhanced by the fungus in vitro. RbohE mutant plants displayed poor lateral root proliferation and lower superoxide levels than wild-type seedlings in both primary and lateral roots, indicating a role for this enzyme for T. atroviride-induced root branching. These data shed light on the roles of ROS as messengers for plant growth and root architectural changes during the plant-Trichoderma interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saraí Esparza-Reynoso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B3, Ciudad Universitaria C. P, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Adrián Ávalos-Rangel
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B3, Ciudad Universitaria C. P, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Ramón Pelagio-Flores
- Facultad de Químico Farmacobiología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, C. P, 58240, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - José López-Bucio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B3, Ciudad Universitaria C. P, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
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10
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Wang J, Wang X, Zhao S, Xi X, Feng J, Han R. Brachypodium BdCHS is a homolog of Arabidopsis AtCHS involved in the synthesis of flavonoids and lateral root development. PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:999-1003. [PMID: 36342530 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-022-01819-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a kind of plant-specific secondary metabolites, which play an important role in regulating plant growth and development, stress response, and also have medicinal value. Chalcone synthase is the key enzyme in the synthesis of flavonoids. The function of chalcone synthase in Arabidopsis thaliana has been well studied, but its homologous protein in Brachypodium distachyon has not been reported. In this study, we identified a homolog of AtCHS in B. distachyon, named BdCHS, and described its function. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that BdCHS was most closely related to CHS in Triticum aestivum. Transgene analysis revealed that BdCHS protein was localized in the cytoplasm of Arabidopsis root cells. BdCHS protein can complement the phenotype of AtCHS mutants with lighter seed coat color and increased lateral root density. The content of superoxide anion in the cortical cells above the lateral root primordium in AtCHS mutants was higher than that in the wild-type, and BdCHS protein could restore the content of superoxide anion in AtCHS mutant to the level of that in the wild-type. The results showed that BdCHS was a functional homolog of AtCHS, which laid a foundation for the subsequent application of BdCHS in genetic breeding and crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Higher Education Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Environmental Stress Response, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 031002, China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Higher Education Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Environmental Stress Response, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 031002, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 031002, China
| | - Shifeng Zhao
- Higher Education Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Environmental Stress Response, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 031002, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 031002, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xi
- Higher Education Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Environmental Stress Response, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 031002, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 031002, China
| | - Jinlin Feng
- Higher Education Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Environmental Stress Response, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 031002, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 031002, China.
| | - Rong Han
- Higher Education Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Environmental Stress Response, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 031002, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 031002, China.
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11
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Fu ZW, Feng YR, Gao X, Ding F, Li JH, Yuan TT, Lu YT. Salt stress-induced chloroplastic hydrogen peroxide stimulates pdTPI sulfenylation and methylglyoxal accumulation. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:1593-1616. [PMID: 36695476 PMCID: PMC10118271 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
High salinity, an adverse environmental factor affecting about 20% of irrigated arable land worldwide, inhibits plant growth and development by causing oxidative stress, damaging cellular components, and disturbing global metabolism. However, whether and how reactive oxygen species disturb the metabolism of salt-stressed plants remain elusive. Here, we report that salt-induced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) inhibits the activity of plastid triose phosphate isomerase (pdTPI) to promote methylglyoxal (MG) accumulation and stimulates the sulfenylation of pdTPI at cysteine 74. We also show that MG is a key factor limiting the plant growth, as a decrease in MG levels completely rescued the stunted growth and repressed salt stress tolerance of the pdtpi mutant. Furthermore, targeting CATALASE 2 into chloroplasts to prevent salt-induced overaccumulation of H2O2 conferred salt stress tolerance, revealing a role for chloroplastic H2O2 in salt-caused plant damage. In addition, we demonstrate that the H2O2-mediated accumulation of MG in turn induces H2O2 production, thus forming a regulatory loop that further inhibits the pdTPI activity in salt-stressed plants. Our findings, therefore, illustrate how salt stress induces MG production to inhibit the plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Wei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yu-Rui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Feng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ting-Ting Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ying-Tang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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12
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Mukherjee S, Corpas FJ. H 2 O 2 , NO, and H 2 S networks during root development and signalling under physiological and challenging environments: Beneficial or toxic? PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:688-717. [PMID: 36583401 PMCID: PMC10108057 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a key modulator of the development and architecture of the root system under physiological and adverse environmental conditions. Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) also exert myriad functions on plant development and signalling. Accumulating pieces of evidence show that depending upon the dose and mode of applications, NO and H2 S can have synergistic or antagonistic actions in mediating H2 O2 signalling during root development. Thus, H2 O2 -NO-H2 S crosstalk might essentially impart tolerance to elude oxidative stress in roots. Growth and proliferation of root apex involve crucial orchestration of NO and H2 S-mediated ROS signalling which also comprise other components including mitogen-activated protein kinase, cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases, respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH), and Ca2+ flux. This assessment provides a comprehensive update on the cooperative roles of NO and H2 S in modulating H2 O2 homoeostasis during root development, abiotic stress tolerance, and root-microbe interaction. Furthermore, it also analyses the scopes of some fascinating future investigations associated with strigolactone and karrikins concerning H2 O2 -NO-H2 S crosstalk in plant roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur CollegeUniversity of KalyaniWest BengalIndia
| | - Francisco J. Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signalling in PlantsEstación Experimental del Zaidín (Spanish National Research Council, CSIC)GranadaSpain
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13
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Chen T, Lin S, Chen Z, Yang T, Zhang S, Zhang J, Xu G, Wan X, Zhang Z. Theanine, a tea-plant-specific non-proteinogenic amino acid, is involved in the regulation of lateral root development in response to nitrogen status. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhac267. [PMID: 36778187 PMCID: PMC9909507 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Glutamine synthetase type I (GSI)-like proteins are proposed to mediate nitrogen signaling and developmental fate by synthesizing yet unidentified metabolites. Theanine, the most abundant non-proteinogenic amino acid in tea plants, is the first identified metabolite synthesized by a GSI-like protein (CsTSI) in a living system. However, the roles of theanine in nitrogen signaling and development are little understood. In this study we found that nitrogen deficiency significantly reduced theanine accumulation and increased lateral root development in tea plant seedlings. Exogenous theanine feeding significantly repressed lateral root development of seedlings of tea plants and the model plant Arabidopsis. The transcriptomic analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes in the roots under theanine feeding were enriched in the apoplastic pathway and H2O2 metabolism. Consistently, theanine feeding reduced H2O2 levels in the roots. Importantly, when co-treated with H2O2, theanine abolished the promoting effect of H2O2 on lateral root development in both tea plant and Arabidopsis seedlings. The results of histochemical assays confirmed that theanine inhibited reactive oxygen species accumulation in the roots. Further transcriptomic analyses suggested the expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in H2O2 generation and scavenging was down- and upregulated by theanine, respectively. Moreover, the expression of genes involved in auxin metabolism and signaling, cell division, and cell expansion was also regulated by theanine. Collectively, these results suggested that CsTSI-synthesized theanine is likely involved in the regulation of lateral root development, via modulating H2O2 accumulation, in response to nitrogen levels in tea plants. This study also implied that the module consisting of GSI-like protein and theanine-like metabolite is probably conserved in regulating development in response to nitrogen status in plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tianyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shupei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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14
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Tarkowski ŁP, Signorelli S, Considine MJ, Montrichard F. Integration of reactive oxygen species and nutrient signalling to shape root system architecture. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:379-390. [PMID: 36479711 PMCID: PMC10107350 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Yield losses due to nutrient deficiency are estimated as the primary cause of the yield gap worldwide. Understanding how plant roots perceive external nutrient status and elaborate morphological adaptations in response to it is necessary to develop reliable strategies to increase crop yield. In the last decade, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were shown to be key players of the mechanisms underlying root responses to nutrient limitation. ROS contribute in multiple ways to shape the root system in response to nutritional cues, both as direct effectors acting on cell wall architecture and as second messengers in signalling pathways. Here, we review the mutual interconnections existing between perception and signalling of the most common forms of the major macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), and ROS in shaping plant root system architecture. We discuss recent advances in dissecting the integration of these elements and their impact on morphological traits of the root system, highlighting the functional ductility of ROS and enzymes implied in ROS metabolism, such as class III peroxidases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Santiago Signorelli
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Food and Plant Biology group, Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Facultad de AgronomíaUniversidad de la RepúblicaMontevideoUruguay
| | - Michael J. Considine
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional DevelopmentPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
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15
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Gomez MY, Schroeder MM, Chieb M, McLain NK, Gachomo EW. Bradyrhizobium japonicum IRAT FA3 promotes salt tolerance through jasmonic acid priming in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:60. [PMID: 36710321 PMCID: PMC9885586 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03977-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), such as Bradyrhizobium japonicum IRAT FA3, are able to improve seed germination and plant growth under various biotic and abiotic stress conditions, including high salinity stress. PGPR can affect plants' responses to stress via multiple pathways which are often interconnected but were previously thought to be distinct. Although the overall impacts of PGPR on plant growth and stress tolerance have been well documented, the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. This work contributes to understanding how PGPR promote abiotic stress by revealing major plant pathways triggered by B. japonicum under salt stress. RESULTS The plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial (PGPR) strain Bradyrhizobium japonicum IRAT FA3 reduced the levels of sodium in Arabidopsis thaliana by 37.7%. B. japonicum primed plants as it stimulated an increase in jasmonates (JA) and modulated hydrogen peroxide production shortly after inoculation. B. japonicum-primed plants displayed enhanced shoot biomass, reduced lipid peroxidation and limited sodium accumulation under salt stress conditions. Q(RT)-PCR analysis of JA and abiotic stress-related gene expression in Arabidopsis plants pretreated with B. japonicum and followed by six hours of salt stress revealed differential gene expression compared to non-inoculated plants. Response to Desiccation (RD) gene RD20 and reactive oxygen species scavenging genes CAT3 and MDAR2 were up-regulated in shoots while CAT3 and RD22 were increased in roots by B. japonicum, suggesting roles for these genes in B. japonicum-mediated salt tolerance. B. japonicum also influenced reductions of RD22, MSD1, DHAR and MYC2 in shoots and DHAR, ADC2, RD20, RD29B, GTR1, ANAC055, VSP1 and VSP2 gene expression in roots under salt stress. CONCLUSION Our data showed that MYC2 and JAR1 are required for B. japonicum-induced shoot growth in both salt stressed and non-stressed plants. The observed microbially influenced reactions to salinity stress in inoculated plants underscore the complexity of the B. japonicum jasmonic acid-mediated plant response salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Y Gomez
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA
| | - Mercedes M Schroeder
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA
| | - Maha Chieb
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA
| | - Nathan K McLain
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA
| | - Emma W Gachomo
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA.
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16
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Jobert F, Soriano A, Brottier L, Casset C, Divol F, Safran J, Lefebvre V, Pelloux J, Robert S, Péret B. Auxin triggers pectin modification during rootlet emergence in white lupin. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:1127-1140. [PMID: 36178138 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Emergence of secondary roots through parental tissue is a highly controlled developmental process. Although the model plant Arabidopsis has been useful to uncover the predominant role of auxin in this process, its simple root structure is not representative of how emergence takes place in most plants, which display more complex root anatomy. White lupin is a legume crop producing structures called cluster roots, where closely spaced rootlets emerge synchronously. Rootlet primordia push their way through several cortical cell layers while maintaining the parent root integrity, reflecting more generally the lateral root emergence process in most multilayered species. In this study, we showed that lupin rootlet emergence is associated with an upregulation of cell wall pectin modifying and degrading genes under the active control of auxin. Among them, we identified LaPG3, a polygalacturonase gene typically expressed in cells surrounding the rootlet primordium and we showed that its downregulation delays emergence. Immunolabeling of pectin epitopes and their quantification uncovered a gradual pectin demethylesterification in the emergence zone, which was further enhanced by auxin treatment, revealing a direct hormonal control of cell wall properties. We also report rhamnogalacturonan-I modifications affecting cortical cells that undergo separation as a consequence of primordium outgrowth. In conclusion, we describe a model of how external tissues in front of rootlet primordia display cell wall modifications to allow for the passage of newly formed rootlets.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Jobert
- IPSiM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Supagro, 34060, Montpellier, France
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alexandre Soriano
- IPSiM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Supagro, 34060, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Brottier
- IPSiM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Supagro, 34060, Montpellier, France
| | - Célia Casset
- IPSiM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Supagro, 34060, Montpellier, France
| | - Fanchon Divol
- IPSiM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Supagro, 34060, Montpellier, France
| | - Josip Safran
- UMR INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, BIOPI Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Picardie, 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Valérie Lefebvre
- UMR INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, BIOPI Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Picardie, 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Jérôme Pelloux
- UMR INRAE 1158 BioEcoAgro, BIOPI Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Université de Picardie, 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Stéphanie Robert
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Péret
- IPSiM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Supagro, 34060, Montpellier, France
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17
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Liu P, Wu X, Gong B, Lü G, Li J, Gao H. Review of the Mechanisms by Which Transcription Factors and Exogenous Substances Regulate ROS Metabolism under Abiotic Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2106. [PMID: 36358478 PMCID: PMC9686556 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are signaling molecules that regulate many biological processes in plants. However, excess ROS induced by biotic and abiotic stresses can destroy biological macromolecules and cause oxidative damage to plants. As the global environment continues to deteriorate, plants inevitably experience abiotic stress. Therefore, in-depth exploration of ROS metabolism and an improved understanding of its regulatory mechanisms are of great importance for regulating cultivated plant growth and developing cultivars that are resilient to abiotic stresses. This review presents current research on the generation and scavenging of ROS in plants and summarizes recent progress in elucidating transcription factor-mediated regulation of ROS metabolism. Most importantly, the effects of applying exogenous substances on ROS metabolism and the potential regulatory mechanisms at play under abiotic stress are summarized. Given the important role of ROS in plants and other organisms, our findings provide insights for optimizing cultivation patterns and for improving plant stress tolerance and growth regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Institute of Vegetables Research, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaolei Wu
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Binbin Gong
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Guiyun Lü
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jingrui Li
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Hongbo Gao
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
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18
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Whole-Genome Sequencing and Transcriptome Analysis of Ganoderma lucidum Strain Yw-1-5 Provides New Insights into the Enhanced Effect of Tween80 on Exopolysaccharide Production. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8101081. [PMID: 36294646 PMCID: PMC9605614 DOI: 10.3390/jof8101081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum is an important medicinal mushroom widely cultured in Asian countries. Exopolysaccharides are bioactive compounds of G. lucidum with health benefits. Limited exopolysaccharide content hinders its extraction from G. lucidum. The addition of Tween80 had an enhanced effect on G. lucidum exopolysaccharide production in submerged fermentation. However, the mechanism of this effect remains unclear. In this study, we report on a high-quality assembly of G. lucidum strain yw-1-5 to lay the foundation for further transcriptome analysis. The genome sequence was 58.16 Mb and consisted of 58 scaffolds with an N50 of 4.78 Mb. A total of 13,957 protein-coding genes were annotated and Hi-C data mapped to 12 pseudo-chromosomes. Genes encoding glycosyltransferases and glycoside hydrolases were also obtained. Furthermore, RNA-seq was performed in a Tween80-treated group and control group for revealing the enhanced effect of Tween80 on exopolysaccharide production. In total, 655 genes were identified as differentially expressed, including 341 up-regulated and 314 down-regulated. Further analysis of differentially expressed genes showed that groups of MAPK, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, autophagy, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, peroxisome, starch and sucrose metabolism, TCA cycle, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis KEGG pathway, glycosyltransferases and glycoside hydrolases played important roles in the enhanced effect of Tween80 on exopolysaccharide production. This work provides a valuable resource for facilitating our understanding of the synthesis of polysaccharides and accelerating the breeding of new strains with a high content of exopolysaccharides.
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19
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Lu C, Tian Y, Hou X, Hou X, Jia Z, Li M, Hao M, Jiang Y, Wang Q, Pu Q, Yin Z, Li Y, Liu B, Kang X, Zhang G, Ding X, Liu Y. Multiple forms of vitamin B 6 regulate salt tolerance by balancing ROS and abscisic acid levels in maize root. STRESS BIOLOGY 2022; 2:39. [PMID: 37676445 PMCID: PMC10441934 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-022-00061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress causes osmotic stress, ion toxicity and oxidative stress, inducing the accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which further damage cell structure and inhibit the development of roots in plants. Previous study showed that vitamin B6 (VB6) plays a role in plant responses to salt stress, however, the regulatory relationship between ROS, VB6 and ABA under salt stress remains unclear yet in plants. In our study, we found that salt stress-induced ABA accumulation requires ROS production, in addition, salt stress also promoted VB6 (including pyridoxamine (PM), pyridoxal (PL), pyridoxine (PN), and pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)) accumulation, which involved in ROS scavenging and ABA biosynthesis. Furthermore, VB6-deficient maize mutant small kernel2 (smk2) heterozygous is more susceptible to salt stress, and which failed to scavenge excessive ROS effectively or induce ABA accumulation in maize root under salt stress, interestingly, which can be restored by exogenous PN and PLP, respectively. According to these results, we proposed that PN and PLP play an essential role in balancing ROS and ABA levels under salt stress, respectively, it laid a foundation for VB6 to be better applied in crop salt resistance than ABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongchong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xuanxuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Zichang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Mingxia Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yanke Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Qingbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China
- Shandong Pengbo Biotechnology Co., LTD, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Qiong Pu
- Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan, 250000, Shandong, China
| | - Ziyi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Baoyou Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China
- Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai, 265500, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaojing Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Guangyi Zhang
- Shandong Xinyuan Seed Industry Co., LTD, Taian, 271000, China
| | - Xinhua Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China.
| | - Yinggao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection; Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, Shandong, China.
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20
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OsABT Is Involved in Abscisic Acid Signaling Pathway and Salt Tolerance of Roots at the Rice Seedling Stage. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810656. [PMID: 36142568 PMCID: PMC9504391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice is a staple cereal crop worldwide, and increasing its yields is vital to ensuring global food security. Salinity is a major factor that affects rice yield. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate salt tolerance mechanisms in rice. Proteins containing WD40 repeats play important roles in eukaryotic development and environmental adaptation. Here, we showed that overexpression of OsABT, a gene encoding a WD40-repeat protein, enhanced salt tolerance in rice seedlings by regulating root activity, relative conductivity, malondialdehyde and H2O2 content, and O2•− production rate. Root ion concentrations indicated that OsABT overexpression lines could maintain lower Na+ and higher K+/Na+ ratios and upregulated expression of salt-related genes OsSOS1 and OsHAK5 compared with the wild-type (WT) Nipponbare plants. Furthermore, Overexpression of OsABT decreased the abscisic acid (ABA) content, while downregulating the ABA synthesis genes OsNCED3 and OsNCED4 and upregulating the ABA catabolic gene OsABA8ox2. The yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation analyses showed that OsABT interacted with the ABA receptor proteins OsPYL4, OsPYL10, and PP2C phosphatase OsABIL2. A transcriptome analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes between OsABT overexpression lines and WT plants were enriched in plant hormone signal transduction, including ABA signaling pathway under salt stress. Thus, OsABT can improve the salt tolerance in rice seedling roots by inhibiting reactive oxygen species accumulation, thereby regulating the intracellular Na+/K+ balance, ABA content, and ABA signaling pathway.
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21
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Liu W, Zhang Y, Fang X, Tran S, Zhai N, Yang Z, Guo F, Chen L, Yu J, Ison MS, Zhang T, Sun L, Bian H, Zhang Y, Yang L, Xu L. Transcriptional landscapes of de novo root regeneration from detached Arabidopsis leaves revealed by time-lapse and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100306. [PMID: 35605192 PMCID: PMC9284295 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Detached Arabidopsis thaliana leaves can regenerate adventitious roots, providing a platform for studying de novo root regeneration (DNRR). However, the comprehensive transcriptional framework of DNRR remains elusive. Here, we provide a high-resolution landscape of transcriptome reprogramming from wound response to root organogenesis in DNRR and show key factors involved in DNRR. Time-lapse RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of the entire leaf within 12 h of leaf detachment revealed rapid activation of jasmonate, ethylene, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) pathways in response to wounding. Genetic analyses confirmed that ethylene and ROS may serve as wound signals to promote DNRR. Next, time-lapse RNA-seq within 5 d of leaf detachment revealed the activation of genes involved in organogenesis, wound-induced regeneration, and resource allocation in the wounded region of detached leaves during adventitious rooting. Genetic studies showed that BLADE-ON-PETIOLE1/2, which control aboveground organs, PLETHORA3/5/7, which control root organogenesis, and ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR115, which controls wound-induced regeneration, are involved in DNRR. Furthermore, single-cell RNA-seq data revealed gene expression patterns in the wounded region of detached leaves during adventitious rooting. Overall, our study not only provides transcriptome tools but also reveals key factors involved in DNRR from detached Arabidopsis leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuyun Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xing Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Sorrel Tran
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ning Zhai
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhengfei Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China; College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Fu Guo
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Lyuqin Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jie Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Madalene S Ison
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Teng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lijun Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hongwu Bian
- Institute of Genetic and Regenerative Biology, Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - Lin Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
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22
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Gu Q, Xiao Q, Chen Z, Han Y. Crosstalk between Melatonin and Reactive Oxygen Species in Plant Abiotic Stress Responses: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105666. [PMID: 35628474 PMCID: PMC9143051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin acts as a multifunctional molecule that takes part in various physiological processes, especially in the protection against abiotic stresses, such as salinity, drought, heat, cold, heavy metals, etc. These stresses typically elicit reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Excessive ROS induce oxidative stress and decrease crop growth and productivity. Significant advances in melatonin initiate a complex antioxidant system that modulates ROS homeostasis in plants. Numerous evidences further reveal that melatonin often cooperates with other signaling molecules, such as ROS, nitric oxide (NO), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The interaction among melatonin, NO, H2S, and ROS orchestrates the responses to abiotic stresses via signaling networks, thus conferring the plant tolerance. In this review, we summarize the roles of melatonin in establishing redox homeostasis through the antioxidant system and the current progress of complex interactions among melatonin, NO, H2S, and ROS in higher plant responses to abiotic stresses. We further highlight the vital role of respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs) during these processes. The complicated integration that occurs between ROS and melatonin in plants is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Gu
- School of Biological Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China; (Q.G.); (Q.X.)
| | - Qingqing Xiao
- School of Biological Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China; (Q.G.); (Q.X.)
| | - Ziping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (Y.H.)
| | - Yi Han
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Correspondence: (Z.C.); (Y.H.)
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23
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Marzol E, Borassi C, Carignani Sardoy M, Ranocha P, Aptekmann AA, Bringas M, Pennington J, Paez-Valencia J, Martínez Pacheco J, Rodríguez-Garcia DR, Rondón Guerrero YDC, Peralta JM, Fleming M, Mishler-Elmore JW, Mangano S, Blanco-Herrera F, Bedinger PA, Dunand C, Capece L, Nadra AD, Held M, Otegui MS, Estevez JM. Class III Peroxidases PRX01, PRX44, and PRX73 Control Root Hair Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105375. [PMID: 35628189 PMCID: PMC9141322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Root hair cells are important sensors of soil conditions. They grow towards and absorb water-soluble nutrients. This fast and oscillatory growth is mediated by continuous remodeling of the cell wall. Root hair cell walls contain polysaccharides and hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins, including extensins (EXTs). Class-III peroxidases (PRXs) are secreted into the apoplastic space and are thought to trigger either cell wall loosening or polymerization of cell wall components, such as Tyr-mediated assembly of EXT networks (EXT-PRXs). The precise role of these EXT-PRXs is unknown. Using genetic, biochemical, and modeling approaches, we identified and characterized three root-hair-specific putative EXT-PRXs, PRX01, PRX44, and PRX73. prx01,44,73 triple mutation and PRX44 and PRX73 overexpression had opposite effects on root hair growth, peroxidase activity, and ROS production, with a clear impact on cell wall thickness. We use an EXT fluorescent reporter with contrasting levels of cell wall insolubilization in prx01,44,73 and PRX44-overexpressing background plants. In this study, we propose that PRX01, PRX44, and PRX73 control EXT-mediated cell wall properties during polar expansion of root hair cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Marzol
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Cecilia Borassi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Mariana Carignani Sardoy
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Philippe Ranocha
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 24, Chemin de Borde-Rouge, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (P.R.); (C.D.)
| | - Ariel A. Aptekmann
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnología y Biología Traslacional (iB3). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; (A.A.A.); (A.D.N.)
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Mauro Bringas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (INQUIMAE-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; (M.B.); (L.C.)
| | - Janice Pennington
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison and Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.P.); (J.P.-V.); (M.S.O.)
| | - Julio Paez-Valencia
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison and Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.P.); (J.P.-V.); (M.S.O.)
| | - Javier Martínez Pacheco
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Diana R. Rodríguez-Garcia
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Yossmayer del Carmen Rondón Guerrero
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Juan Manuel Peralta
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Margaret Fleming
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1878, USA; (M.F.); (P.A.B.)
| | - John W. Mishler-Elmore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (J.W.M.-E.); (M.H.)
| | - Silvina Mangano
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
| | - Francisca Blanco-Herrera
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Santiago 8320000, Chile;
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello Santiago, Santiago 8370146, Chile
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio) and Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Patricia A. Bedinger
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1878, USA; (M.F.); (P.A.B.)
| | - Christophe Dunand
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse INP, 24, Chemin de Borde-Rouge, 31320 Auzeville-Tolosane, France; (P.R.); (C.D.)
| | - Luciana Capece
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (INQUIMAE-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; (M.B.); (L.C.)
| | - Alejandro D. Nadra
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnología y Biología Traslacional (iB3). Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina; (A.A.A.); (A.D.N.)
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (IQUIBICEN-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Michael Held
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; (J.W.M.-E.); (M.H.)
| | - Marisa S. Otegui
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Wisconsin, Madison and Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (J.P.); (J.P.-V.); (M.S.O.)
- Departments of Botany and Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - José M. Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET. Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (E.M.); (C.B.); (M.C.S.); (J.M.P.); (D.R.R.-G.); (Y.d.C.R.G.); (J.M.P.); (S.M.)
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello Santiago, Santiago 8370146, Chile
- ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio) and Millennium Nucleus for the Development of Super Adaptable Plants (MN-SAP), Santiago 8370146, Chile
- Correspondence: or
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24
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Shin SY, Park SJ, Kim HS, Jeon JH, Lee HJ. Wound-induced signals regulate root organogenesis in Arabidopsis explants. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:133. [PMID: 35317749 PMCID: PMC8939181 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03524-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium ions (Ca2+) are representative signals of plant wound responses. Wounding triggers cell fate transition in detached plant tissues and induces de novo root organogenesis. While the hormonal regulation of root organogenesis has been widely studied, the role of early wound signals including ROS and Ca2+ remains largely unknown. RESULTS We identified that ROS and Ca2+ are required for de novo root organogenesis, but have different functions in Arabidopsis explants. The inhibition of the ROS and Ca2+ signals delayed root development in detached leaves. Examination of the auxin signaling pathways indicated that ROS and Ca2+ did not affect auxin biosynthesis and transport in explants. Additionally, the expression of key genes related to auxin signals during root organogenesis was not significantly affected by the inhibition of ROS and Ca2+ signals. The addition of auxin partially restored the suppression of root development by the ROS inhibitor; however, auxin supplementation did not affect root organogenesis in Ca2+-depleted explants. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that, while both ROS and Ca2+ are key molecules, at least in part of the auxin signals acts downstream of ROS signaling, and Ca2+ acts downstream of auxin during de novo root organogenesis in leaf explants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yong Shin
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Su-Jin Park
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
- Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Hyun-Soon Kim
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
- Department of Biosystems and Bioengineering, KRIBB School of Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Korea
| | - Jae-Heung Jeon
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jun Lee
- Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Korea.
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25
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Yang L, Wang H, Wang P, Gao M, Huang L, Cui X, Liu Y. De novo and comparative transcriptomic analysis explain morphological differences in Panax notoginseng taproots. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:86. [PMID: 35100996 PMCID: PMC8802446 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08283-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen (PN) belonging to the genus Panax of family Araliaceae is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat various diseases. PN taproot, as the most vital organ for the accumulation of bioactive components, presents a variable morphology (oval or long), even within the same environment. However, no related studies have yet explained the molecular mechanism of phenotypic differences. To investigate the cause of differences in the taproot phenotype, de novo and comparative transcriptomic analysis on PN taproot was performed. Results A total of 133,730,886 and 114,761,595 paired-end clean reads were obtained based on high-throughput sequencing from oval and long taproot samples, respectively. 121,955 unigenes with contig N50 = 1,774 bp were generated by using the de novo assembly transcriptome, 63,133 annotations were obtained with the BLAST. And then, 42 genes belong to class III peroxidase (PRX) gene family, 8 genes belong to L-Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) gene family, and 55 genes belong to a series of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) gene family were identified based on integrated annotation results. Differentially expressed genes analysis indicated substantial up-regulation of PnAPX3 and PnPRX45, which are related to reactive oxygen species metabolism, and the PnMPK3 gene, which is related to cell proliferation and plant root development, in long taproots compared with that in oval taproots. Furthermore, the determination results of real-time quantitative PCR, enzyme activity, and H2O2 content verified transcriptomic analysis results. Conclusion These results collectively demonstrate that reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and the PnMPK3 gene may play vital roles in regulating the taproot phenotype of PN. This study provides further insights into the genetic mechanisms of phenotypic differences in other species of the genus Panax. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-08283-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Hanye Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Mingju Gao
- Wenshan University, Wenshan, 663000, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiuming Cui
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650000, China.,Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China.,Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650000, China.,Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Kunming, 650000, China.,Sanqi Research Institute of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng Resources Sustainable Development and Utilization of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China. .,Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650000, China. .,Kunming Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Famous-Region Drug, Kunming, 650000, China. .,Sanqi Research Institute of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650000, China.
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26
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Metallothionein1A Regulates Rhizobial Infection and Nodulation in Phaseolus vulgaris. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031491. [PMID: 35163415 PMCID: PMC8836284 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) constitute a heterogeneous family of ubiquitous metal ion-binding proteins. In plants, MTs participate in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation, protection against heavy metal stress, oxidative stress responses, and responses to pathogen attack. Despite their wide variety of functions, the role of MTs in symbiotic associations, specifically nodule-fabacean symbiosis, is poorly understood. Here, we analyzed the role of the PvMT1A gene in Phaseolus vulgaris-Rhizobium tropici symbiosis using bioinformatics and reverse genetics approaches. Using in silico analysis, we identified six genes encoding MTs in P. vulgaris, which were clustered into three of the four classes described in plants. PvMT1A transcript levels were significantly higher in roots inoculated with R. tropici at 7 and 30 days post inoculation (dpi) than in non-inoculated roots. Functional analysis showed that downregulating PvMT1A by RNA interference (RNAi) reduced the number of infection events at 7 and 10 dpi and the number of nodules at 14 and 21 dpi. In addition, nodule development was negatively affected in PvMT1A:RNAi transgenic roots, and these nodules displayed a reduced nitrogen fixation rate at 21 dpi. These results strongly suggest that PvMT1A plays an important role in the infection process and nodule development in P. vulgaris during rhizobial symbiosis.
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Dai X, Han H, Huang W, Zhao L, Song M, Cao X, Liu C, Niu X, Lang Z, Ma C, Xie H. Generating Novel Male Sterile Tomatoes by Editing Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog Genes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:817101. [PMID: 35082818 PMCID: PMC8784783 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.817101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid breeding of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum), an important vegetable crop, is an effective way to improve yield and enhance disease and stress resistance. However, the efficiency of tomato hybridization is hindered by self-fertilization, which can be overcome using male sterile lines. It has been reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as a key regulator for anther development, mediated by RBOH (Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog) genes. Here, two tomato anther-expressed genes, LeRBOH (Solyc01g099620) and LeRBOHE (Solyc07g042460), were selected to cultivate novel tomato male sterile strains. By using a CRISPR/Cas9 system with a two-sgRNA module, the lerboh, lerbohe, and lerboh lerbohe mutant lines were generated, among which the lerbohe and lerboh lerbohe mutants displayed complete male sterility but could accept wild-type pollens and produce fruits normally. Further analysis uncovered significantly decreased ROS levels and abnormal programmed cell death in lerboh lerbohe anthers, indicating a key role of ROS metabolism in tomato pollen development. Taken together, our work demonstrates a successful application of gene editing via CRISPR/Cas9 in generating male sterile tomatoes and afforded helpful information for understanding how RBOH genes regulating tomato reproduction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Dai
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
- BellaGen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, China
| | - Huanan Han
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Shandong Plant Protection Station, Jinan, China
| | - Lianghui Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Minglei Song
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuesong Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Xiaomu Niu
- BellaGen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, China
| | - Zhaobo Lang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Changle Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongtao Xie
- BellaGen Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, China
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Laschke L, Schütz V, Schackow O, Sicker D, Hennig L, Hofmann D, Dörmann P, Schulz M. Survival of Plants During Short-Term BOA-OH Exposure: ROS Related Gene Expression and Detoxification Reactions Are Accompanied With Fast Membrane Lipid Repair in Root Tips. J Chem Ecol 2022; 48:219-239. [PMID: 34988771 PMCID: PMC8881443 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-021-01337-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
For the characterization of BOA-OH insensitive plants, we studied the time-dependent effects of the benzoxazolinone-4/5/6/7-OH isomers on maize roots. Exposure of Zea mays seedlings to 0.5 mM BOA-OH elicits root zone-specific reactions by the formation of dark rings and spots in the zone of lateral roots, high catalase activity on root hairs, and no visible defense reaction at the root tip. We studied BOA-6-OH- short-term effects on membrane lipids and fatty acids in maize root tips in comparison to the benzoxazinone-free species Abutilon theophrasti Medik. Decreased contents of phosphatidylinositol in A. theophrasti and phosphatidylcholine in maize were found after 10-30 min. In the youngest tissue, α-linoleic acid (18:2), decreased considerably in both species and recovered within one hr. Disturbances in membrane phospholipid contents were balanced in both species within 30-60 min. Triacylglycerols (TAGs) were also affected, but levels of maize diacylglycerols (DAGs) were almost unchanged, suggesting a release of fatty acids for membrane lipid regeneration from TAGs while resulting DAGs are buildings blocks for phospholipid reconstitution, concomitant with BOA-6-OH glucosylation. Expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD2) and of ER-bound oleoyl desaturase (FAD2-2) genes were contemporaneously up regulated in contrast to the catalase CAT1, while CAT3 was arguably involved at a later stage of the detoxification process. Immuno-responses were not elicited in short-terms, since the expression of NPR1, POX12 were barely affected, PR4 after 6 h with BOA-4/7-OH and PR1 after 24 h with BOA-5/6-OH. The rapid membrane recovery, reactive oxygen species, and allelochemical detoxification may be characteristic for BOA-OH insensitive plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Laschke
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Str. 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vadim Schütz
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Str. 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver Schackow
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Institut Für Organische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dieter Sicker
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Institut Für Organische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lothar Hennig
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Institut Für Organische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diana Hofmann
- IBG-3: Agrosphäre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Peter Dörmann
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Str. 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Margot Schulz
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Str. 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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Tai F, Wang S, Liang B, Li Y, Wu J, Fan C, Hu X, Wang H, He R, Wang W. Quaternary ammonium iminofullerenes improve root growth of oxidative-stress maize through ASA-GSH cycle modulating redox homeostasis of roots and ROS-mediated root-hair elongation. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:15. [PMID: 34983547 PMCID: PMC8725307 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01222-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Various environmental factors are capable of oxidative stress to result in limiting plant development and agricultural production. Fullerene-based carbon nanomaterials can enable radical scavenging and positively regulate plant growth. Even so, to date, our knowledge about the mechanism of fullerene-based carbon nanomaterials on plant growth and response to oxidative stress is still unclear. Results 20 or 50 mg/L quaternary ammonium iminofullerenes (IFQA) rescued the reduction in root lengths and root-hair densities and lengths of Arabidopsis and maize induced by accumulation of endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole or exogenous H2O2 treatment, as well as the root active absorption area and root activity under exogenous H2O2 treatment. Meanwhile, the downregulated contents of ascorbate acid (ASA) and glutathione (GSH) and the upregulated contents of dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and H2O2 indicated that the exogenous H2O2 treatment induced oxidative stress of maize. Nonetheless, application of IFQA can increase the ratios of ASA/DHA and GSH/GSSG, as well as the activities of glutathione reductase, and ascorbate peroxidase, and decrease the contents of H2O2 and MDA. Moreover, the root lengths were inhibited by buthionine sulfoximine, a specific inhibitor of GSH biosynthesis, and subsequently rescued after addition of IFQA. The results suggested that IFQA could alleviate exogenous-H2O2-induced oxidative stress on maize by regulating the ASA-GSH cycle. Furthermore, IFQA reduced the excess accumulation of ROS in root hairs, as well as the NADPH oxidase activity under H2O2 treatment. The transcript levels of genes affecting ROS-mediated root-hair development, such as RBOH B, RBOH C, PFT1, and PRX59, were significantly induced by H2O2 treatment and then decreased after addition of IFQA. Conclusion The positive effect of fullerene-based carbon nanomaterials on maize-root-hair growth under the induced oxidative stress was discovered. Application IFQA can ameliorate oxidative stress to promote maize-root growth through decreasing NADPH-oxidase activity, improving the scavenging of ROS by ASA-GSH cycle, and regulating the expressions of genes affecting maize-root-hair development. It will enrich more understanding the actual mechanism of fullerene-based nanoelicitors responsible for plant growth promotion and protection from oxidative stress. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuju Tai
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Benshuai Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yue Li
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jiakai Wu
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chenjie Fan
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiuli Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hezhong Wang
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Rui He
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Hoang NV, Park S, Park C, Suh H, Kim S, Chae E, Kang B, Lee J. Oxidative stress response and programmed cell death guided by NAC013 modulate pithiness in radish taproots. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:144-163. [PMID: 34724278 PMCID: PMC9298717 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Radish, Raphanus sativus L., is an important root crop that is cultivated worldwide. Owing to its evolutionary proximity to Arabidopsis thaliana, radish can be used as a model root crop in research on the molecular basis of agronomic traits. Pithiness is a significant defect that reduces the production of radish with commercial value; however, traditional breeding to eliminate this trait has thus far been unsuccessful. Here, we performed transcriptomics and genotype-by-sequencing (GBS)-based quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses of radish inbred lines to understand the molecular basis of pithiness in radish roots. The transcriptome data indicated that pithiness likely stems from the response to oxidative stress, leading to cell death of the xylem parenchyma during the root-thickening process. Subsequently, we narrowed down a list of candidates responsible for pithiness near a major QTL and found polymorphisms in a radish homologue of Arabidopsis ANAC013 (RsNAC013), an endoplasmic reticulum bound NAC transcription factor that is targeted to the nucleus to mediate the mitochondrial retrograde signal. We analysed the effects of polymorphisms in RsNAC013 using Arabidopsis transgenic lines overexpressing RsNAC013 alleles as well as in radish inbred lines bearing these alleles. This analysis indicated that non-synonymous variations within the coding sequence result in different levels of RsNAC013 activities, thereby providing a genetic condition for root pithiness. The elevated oxidative stress or hypoxia that activates RsNAC013 for mitochondrial signalling enhances this process. Collectively, this study serves as an exemplary case of translational research taking advantage of the extensive information available from a model organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam V. Hoang
- School of Biological SciencesSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐roSeoul08826Korea
| | - Suhyoung Park
- National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal ScienceRural Development AdministrationWanju55365Korea
| | - Chulmin Park
- School of Biological SciencesSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐roSeoul08826Korea
| | - Hannah Suh
- School of Biological SciencesSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐roSeoul08826Korea
| | - Sang‐Tae Kim
- Department of Medical & Biological SciencesThe Catholic University of KoreaJibong‐roBucheon‐siGyeonggi‐do14662Korea
| | - Eunyoung Chae
- Department of Biological SciencesNational University of Singapore14 Science Drive 4Singapore117543Singapore
| | - Byoung‐Cheorl Kang
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and BioresourcesSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐roSeoul08826Korea
| | - Ji‐Young Lee
- School of Biological SciencesSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐roSeoul08826Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding InstituteSeoul National UniversityGwanak‐roSeoul08826Korea
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Wang X, Liu S, Sun H, Liu C, Li X, Liu Y, Du G. Production of reactive oxygen species by PuRBOHF is critical for stone cell development in pear fruit. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:249. [PMID: 34848695 PMCID: PMC8633289 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00674-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by NADPH oxidase, which is also referred to as respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH), affects several processes in plants. However, the role of RBOHs in cell wall lignification is not well understood. In this study, we show that PuRBOHF, an RBOH isoform, plays an important role in secondary wall formation in pear stone cells. ROS were closely associated with lignin deposition and stone cell formation according to microscopy data. In addition, according to the results of an in situ hybridization analysis, the stage-specific expression of PuRBOHF was higher in stone cells than in cells of other flesh tissues. Inhibitors of RBOH activity suppressed ROS accumulation and stone cell lignification in pear fruit. Moreover, transient overexpression of PuRBOHF caused significant changes in the amount of ROS and lignin that accumulated in pear fruit and flesh calli. We further showed that PuMYB169 regulates PuRBOHF expression, while PuRBOHF-derived ROS induces the transcription of PuPOD2 and PuLAC2. The findings of this study indicate that PuRBOHF-mediated ROS production, which is regulated by a lignin-related transcriptional network, is essential for monolignol polymerization and stone cell formation in pear fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P. R. China
| | - Siqi Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P. R. China
| | - Huili Sun
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P. R. China
| | - Xinyue Li
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P. R. China
| | - Guodong Du
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P. R. China.
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Im JH, Son S, Ko JH, Kim KH, An CS, Han KH. Nuclear Translocation of Soybean MPK6, GmMPK6, Is Mediated by Hydrogen Peroxide in Salt Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122611. [PMID: 34961082 PMCID: PMC8704742 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The plant mitogen-activated protein kinase (MPK) cascade, a highly conserved signal transduction system in eukaryotes, plays a crucial role in the plant's response to environmental stimuli and phytohormones. It is well-known that nuclear translocation of MPKs is necessary for their activities in mammalian cells. However, the mechanism underlying nuclear translocation of plant MPKs is not well elucidated. In the previous study, it has been shown that soybean MPK6 (GmMPK6) is activated by phosphatidic acid (PA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which are two signaling molecules generated during salt stress. Using the two signaling molecules, we investigated how salt stress triggers its translocation to the nucleus. Our results show that the translocation of GmMPK6 to the nucleus is mediated by H2O2, but not by PA. Furthermore, the translocation was interrupted by diphenylene iodonium (DPI) (an inhibitor of RBOH), confirming that H2O2 is the signaling molecule for the nuclear translocation of GmMPK6 during salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hee Im
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea; (J.H.I.); (S.S.); (C.S.A.)
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Seungmin Son
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea; (J.H.I.); (S.S.); (C.S.A.)
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea;
| | - Jae-Heung Ko
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Korea;
| | - Kyung-Hwan Kim
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea;
| | - Chung Sun An
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, Korea; (J.H.I.); (S.S.); (C.S.A.)
| | - Kyung-Hwan Han
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Westermann J. Two Is Company, but Four Is a Party-Challenges of Tetraploidization for Cell Wall Dynamics and Efficient Tip-Growth in Pollen. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112382. [PMID: 34834745 PMCID: PMC8623246 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Some cells grow by an intricately coordinated process called tip-growth, which allows the formation of long tubular structures by a remarkable increase in cell surface-to-volume ratio and cell expansion across vast distances. On a broad evolutionary scale, tip-growth has been extraordinarily successful, as indicated by its recurrent 're-discovery' throughout evolutionary time in all major land plant taxa which allowed for the functional diversification of tip-growing cell types across gametophytic and sporophytic life-phases. All major land plant lineages have experienced (recurrent) polyploidization events and subsequent re-diploidization that may have positively contributed to plant adaptive evolutionary processes. How individual cells respond to genome-doubling on a shorter evolutionary scale has not been addressed as elaborately. Nevertheless, it is clear that when polyploids first form, they face numerous important challenges that must be overcome for lineages to persist. Evidence in the literature suggests that tip-growth is one of those processes. Here, I discuss the literature to present hypotheses about how polyploidization events may challenge efficient tip-growth and strategies which may overcome them: I first review the complex and multi-layered processes by which tip-growing cells maintain their cell wall integrity and steady growth. I will then discuss how they may be affected by the cellular changes that accompany genome-doubling. Finally, I will depict possible mechanisms polyploid plants may evolve to compensate for the effects caused by genome-doubling to regain diploid-like growth, particularly focusing on cell wall dynamics and the subcellular machinery they are controlled by.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Westermann
- Institute of Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Universitätsstrasse 2, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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Piacentini D, Della Rovere F, Bertoldi I, Massimi L, Sofo A, Altamura MM, Falasca G. Peroxisomal PEX7 Receptor Affects Cadmium-Induced ROS and Auxin Homeostasis in Arabidopsis Root System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091494. [PMID: 34573126 PMCID: PMC8471170 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisomes are important in plant physiological functions and stress responses. Through the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS), and antioxidant defense enzymes, peroxisomes control cellular redox homeostasis. Peroxin (PEX) proteins, such as PEX7 and PEX5, recognize peroxisome targeting signals (PTS1/PTS2) important for transporting proteins from cytosol to peroxisomal matrix. pex7-1 mutant displays reduced PTS2 protein import and altered peroxisomal metabolism. In this research we analyzed the role of PEX7 in the Arabidopsis thaliana root system exposed to 30 or 60 μM CdSO4. Cd uptake and translocation, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) levels, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) levels and catalase activity were analyzed in pex7-1 mutant primary and lateral roots in comparison with the wild type (wt). The peroxisomal defect due to PEX7 mutation did not reduce Cd-uptake but reduced its translocation to the shoot and the root cell peroxisomal signal detected by 8-(4-Nitrophenyl) Bodipy (N-BODIPY) probe. The trend of nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite in pex7-1 roots, exposed/not exposed to Cd, was as in wt, with the higher Cd-concentration inducing higher levels of these RNS. By contrast, PEX7 mutation caused changes in Cd-induced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2●-) levels in the roots, delaying ROS-scavenging. Results show that PEX7 is involved in counteracting Cd toxicity in Arabidopsis root system by controlling ROS metabolism and affecting auxin levels. These results add further information to the important role of peroxisomes in plant responses to Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Piacentini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (F.D.R.); (I.B.); (L.M.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Federica Della Rovere
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (F.D.R.); (I.B.); (L.M.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Ilaria Bertoldi
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (F.D.R.); (I.B.); (L.M.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Lorenzo Massimi
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (F.D.R.); (I.B.); (L.M.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Adriano Sofo
- Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures: Architecture, Environment, and Cultural Heritage (DICEM), University of Basilicata, Via San Rocco 3, 75100 Matera, Italy;
| | - Maria Maddalena Altamura
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (F.D.R.); (I.B.); (L.M.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Giuseppina Falasca
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.P.); (F.D.R.); (I.B.); (L.M.); (M.M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)6-4992-2839
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Liu L, Huang L, Sun C, Wang L, Jin C, Lin X. Cross-Talk between Hydrogen Peroxide and Nitric Oxide during Plant Development and Responses to Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:9485-9497. [PMID: 34428901 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are gradually becoming established as critical regulators in plants under physiological and stressful conditions. Strong spatiotemporal correlations in their production and distribution have been identified in various plant biological processes. In this context, NO and H2O2 act synergistically or antagonistically as signals or stress promoters depending on their respective concentrations, engaging in processes such as the hypersensitive response, stomatal movement, and abiotic stress responses. Moreover, proteins identified as potential targets of NO-based modifications include a number of enzymes related to H2O2 metabolism, reinforcing their cross-talk. In this review, several processes of well-characterized functional interplay between H2O2 and NO are discussed with respect to the most recent reported evidence on hypersensitive response-induced programmed cell death, stomatal movement, and plant responses to adverse conditions and, where known, the molecular mechanisms and factors underpinning their cross-talk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention Technology, Interdisciplinary Research Academy (IRA), Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Lin Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chengliang Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Luxuan Wang
- Department of Agriculture and Environment, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Chongwei Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xianyong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Natural Resource & Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species in ABA-Induced Increase in Hydraulic Conductivity and Aquaporin Abundance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179144. [PMID: 34502052 PMCID: PMC8431682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ABA-induced increase in hydraulic conductivity was hypothesized to be dependent on an increase in aquaporin water channel (AQP) abundance. Single ABA application or its combination with ROS manipulators (ROS scavenger ascorbic acid and NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI)) were studied on detached roots of barley plants. We measured the osmotically driven flow rate of xylem sap and calculated root hydraulic conductivity. In parallel, immunolocalization of ABA and HvPIP2;2 AQPs was performed with corresponding specific antibodies. ABA treatment increased the flow rate of xylem, root hydraulic conductivity and immunostaining for ABA and HvPIP2;2, while the addition of antioxidants prevented the effects of this hormone. The obtained results confirmed the involvement of ROS in ABA effect on hydraulic conductivity, in particular, the importance of H2O2 production by ABA-treated plants for the effect of this hormone on AQP abundance.
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Fu J, Zhang X, Liu J, Gao X, Bai J, Hao Y, Cui H. A mechanism coordinating root elongation, endodermal differentiation, redox homeostasis and stress response. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1029-1039. [PMID: 34056773 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Root growth relies on both cell division and cell elongation, which occur in the meristem and elongation zones, respectively. SCARECROW (SCR) and SHORT-ROOT (SHR) are GRAS family genes essential for root growth and radial patterning in the Arabidopsis root. Previous studies showed that SCR and SHR promote root growth by suppressing cytokinin response in the meristem, but there is evidence that SCR expressed beyond the meristem is also required for root growth. Here we report a previously unknown role for SCR in promoting cell elongation. Consistent with this, we found that the scr mutant accumulated a higher level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the elongation zone, which is probably due to decreased expression of peroxidase gene 3, which consumes hydrogen peroxide in a reaction leading to Casparian strip formation. When the oxidative stress response was blocked in the scr mutant by mutation in ABSCISIC ACID 2 (ABA2) or when the redox status was ameliorated by the upbeat 1 (upb1) mutant, the root became significantly longer, with longer cells and a larger and more mitotically active meristem. Remarkably, however, the stem cell and radial patterning defects in the double mutants still persisted. Since ROS and peroxidases are essential for endodermal differentiation, these results suggest that SCR plays a role in coordinating cell elongation, endodermal differentiation, redox homeostasis and oxidative stress response in the root. We also provide evidence that this role of SCR is independent of SHR, even though they function similarly in other aspects of root growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xinglin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xudong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Juan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yueling Hao
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Hongchang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
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Tola AJ, Jaballi A, Missihoun TD. Protein Carbonylation: Emerging Roles in Plant Redox Biology and Future Prospects. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1451. [PMID: 34371653 PMCID: PMC8309296 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Plants are sessile in nature and they perceive and react to environmental stresses such as abiotic and biotic factors. These induce a change in the cellular homeostasis of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are known to react with cellular components, including DNA, lipids, and proteins, and to interfere with hormone signaling via several post-translational modifications (PTMs). Protein carbonylation (PC) is a non-enzymatic and irreversible PTM induced by ROS. The non-enzymatic feature of the carbonylation reaction has slowed the efforts to identify functions regulated by PC in plants. Yet, in prokaryotic and animal cells, studies have shown the relevance of protein carbonylation as a signal transduction mechanism in physiological processes including hydrogen peroxide sensing, cell proliferation and survival, ferroptosis, and antioxidant response. In this review, we provide a detailed update on the most recent findings pertaining to the role of PC and its implications in various physiological processes in plants. By leveraging the progress made in bacteria and animals, we highlight the main challenges in studying the impacts of carbonylation on protein functions in vivo and the knowledge gap in plants. Inspired by the success stories in animal sciences, we then suggest a few approaches that could be undertaken to overcome these challenges in plant research. Overall, this review describes the state of protein carbonylation research in plants and proposes new research avenues on the link between protein carbonylation and plant redox biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tagnon D. Missihoun
- Groupe de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (GRBV), Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada; (A.J.T.); (A.J.)
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Fonseca-García C, Nava N, Lara M, Quinto C. An NADPH oxidase regulates carbon metabolism and the cell cycle during root nodule symbiosis in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:274. [PMID: 34130630 PMCID: PMC8207584 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03060-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhizobium-legume symbiosis is a specific, coordinated interaction that results in the formation of a root nodule, where biological nitrogen fixation occurs. NADPH oxidases, or Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homologs (RBOHs) in plants, are enzymes that generate superoxide (O2 •-). Superoxide produces other reactive oxygen species (ROS); these ROS regulate different stages of mutualistic interactions. For example, changes in ROS levels are thought to induce ROS scavenging, cell wall remodeling, and changes in phytohormone homeostasis during symbiotic interactions. In common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), PvRbohB plays a key role in the early stages of nodulation. RESULTS In this study, to explore the role of PvRbohB in root nodule symbiosis, we analyzed transcriptomic data from the roots of common bean under control conditions (transgenic roots without construction) and roots with downregulated expression of PvRbohB (by RNA interference) non-inoculated and inoculated with R. tropici. Our results suggest that ROS produced by PvRBOHB play a central role in infection thread formation and nodule organogenesis through crosstalk with flavonoids, carbon metabolism, cell cycle regulation, and the plant hormones auxin and cytokinin during the early stages of this process. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide important insight into the multiple roles of ROS in regulating rhizobia-legume symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Citlali Fonseca-García
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Colonia Chamilpa Mexico
| | - Noreide Nava
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Colonia Chamilpa Mexico
| | - Miguel Lara
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Colonia Chamilpa Mexico
| | - Carmen Quinto
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Colonia Chamilpa Mexico
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Considine MJ, Foyer CH. Oxygen and reactive oxygen species-dependent regulation of plant growth and development. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:79-92. [PMID: 33793863 PMCID: PMC8154071 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been co-opted during evolution into the regulation of plant growth, development, and differentiation. ROS and oxidative signals arising from metabolism or phytohormone-mediated processes control almost every aspect of plant development from seed and bud dormancy, liberation of meristematic cells from the quiescent state, root and shoot growth, and architecture, to flowering and seed production. Moreover, the phytochrome and phytohormone-dependent transmissions of ROS waves are central to the systemic whole plant signaling pathways that integrate root and shoot growth. The sensing of oxygen availability through the PROTEOLYSIS 6 (PRT6) N-degron pathway functions alongside ROS production and signaling but how these pathways interact in developing organs remains poorly understood. Considerable progress has been made in our understanding of the nature of hydrogen peroxide sensors and the role of thiol-dependent signaling networks in the transmission of ROS signals. Reduction/oxidation (redox) changes in the glutathione (GSH) pool, glutaredoxins (GRXs), and thioredoxins (TRXs) are important in the control of growth mediated by phytohormone pathways. Although, it is clear that the redox states of proteins involved in plant growth and development are controlled by the NAD(P)H thioredoxin reductase (NTR)/TRX and reduced GSH/GRX systems of the cytosol, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and nucleus, we have only scratched the surface of this multilayered control and how redox-regulated processes interact with other cell signaling systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Considine
- The School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT, UK
- Author for communication:
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Liu C, Shen L, Xiao Y, Vyshedsky D, Peng C, Sun X, Liu Z, Cheng L, Zhang H, Han Z, Chai J, Wu HM, Cheung AY, Li C. Pollen PCP-B peptides unlock a stigma peptide-receptor kinase gating mechanism for pollination. Science 2021; 372:171-175. [PMID: 33833120 DOI: 10.1126/science.abc6107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sexual reproduction in angiosperms relies on precise communications between the pollen and pistil. The molecular mechanisms underlying these communications remain elusive. We established that in Arabidopsis, a stigmatic gatekeeper, the ANJEA-FERONIA (ANJ-FER) receptor kinase complex, perceives the RAPID ALKALINIZATION FACTOR peptides RALF23 and RALF33 to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the stigma papillae, whereas pollination reduces stigmatic ROS, allowing pollen hydration. Upon pollination, the POLLEN COAT PROTEIN B-class peptides (PCP-Bs) compete with RALF23/33 for binding to the ANJ-FER complex, leading to a decline of stigmatic ROS that facilitates pollen hydration. Our results elucidate a molecular gating mechanism in which distinct peptide classes from pollen compete with stigma peptides for interaction with a stigmatic receptor kinase complex, allowing the pollen to hydrate and germinate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianping Shen
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - David Vyshedsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Plant Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Chao Peng
- National Facility for Protein Science in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Sun
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwen Liu
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Cheng
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifu Han
- School of Life Sciences, Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jijie Chai
- School of Life Sciences, Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Hen-Ming Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Plant Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Alice Y Cheung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular and Cell Biology Program, Plant Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Chao Li
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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Chapman JM, Muday GK. Flavonols modulate lateral root emergence by scavenging reactive oxygen species in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100222. [PMID: 33839683 PMCID: PMC7948594 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are a class of specialized metabolites with subclasses including flavonols and anthocyanins, which have unique properties as antioxidants. Flavonoids modulate plant development, but whether and how they impact lateral root development is unclear. We examined potential roles for flavonols in this process using Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with defects in genes encoding key enzymes in flavonoid biosynthesis. We observed the tt4 and fls1 mutants, which produce no flavonols, have increased lateral root emergence. The tt4 root phenotype was reversed by genetic and chemical complementation. To more specifically define the flavonoids involved, we tested an array of flavonoid biosynthetic mutants, eliminating roles for anthocyanins and the flavonols quercetin and isorhamnetin in modulating lateral root development. Instead, two tt7 mutant alleles, with defects in a branchpoint enzyme blocking quercetin biosynthesis, formed reduced numbers of lateral roots and tt7-2 had elevated levels of kaempferol. Using a flavonol-specific dye, we observed that in the tt7-2 mutant, kaempferol accumulated within lateral root primordia at higher levels than wild-type. These data are consistent with kaempferol, or downstream derivatives, acting as a negative regulator of lateral root emergence. We examined ROS accumulation using ROS-responsive probes and found reduced fluorescence of a superoxide-selective probe within the primordia of tt7-2 compared with wild-type, but not in the tt4 mutant, consistent with opposite effects of these mutants on lateral root emergence. These results support a model in which increased level of kaempferol in the lateral root primordia of tt7-2 reduces superoxide concentration and ROS-stimulated lateral root emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M Chapman
- Biology Department, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gloria K Muday
- Biology Department, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA.
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43
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A Plant Based Modified Biostimulant (Copper Chlorophyllin), Mediates Defense Response in Arabidopsis thaliana under Salinity Stress. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10040625. [PMID: 33806070 PMCID: PMC8064443 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
To date, managing salinity stress in agriculture relies heavily on development of salt tolerant plant varieties, a time-consuming process particularly challenging for many crops. Plant based biostimulants (PBs) that enhance plant defenses under stress can potentially address this drawback, as they are not crop specific and are easy to apply in the field. Unfortunately, limited knowledge about their modes of action makes it harder to utilize them on a broader scale. Understanding how PBs enhance plant defenses at cellular and molecular levels, is a prerequisite for the development of sustainable management practices utilizing biostimulants to improve crop health. In this study we elucidated the protective mechanism of copper chlorophyllin (Cu-chl), a PB, under salinity stress. Our results indicate that Cu-chl exerts protective effects primarily by decreasing oxidative stress through modulating cellular H2O2 levels. Cu-chl treated plants increased tolerance to oxidative stress imposed by an herbicide, methyl viologen dichloride hydrate as well, suggesting a protective role against various sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS). RNA-Seq analysis of Cu-chl treated Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings subjected to salt stress identified genes involved in ROS detoxification, and cellular growth.
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Duan L, Pérez-Ruiz JM, Cejudo FJ, Dinneny JR. Characterization of CYCLOPHILLIN38 shows that a photosynthesis-derived systemic signal controls lateral root emergence. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:503-518. [PMID: 33721893 PMCID: PMC8133581 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis in leaves generates fixed-carbon resources and essential metabolites that support sink tissues, such as roots. Two of these metabolites, sucrose and auxin, promote growth in root systems, but the explicit connection between photosynthetic activity and control of root architecture has not been explored. Through a mutant screen to identify pathways regulating root system architecture, we identified a mutation in the Arabidopsis thaliana CYCLOPHILIN 38 (CYP38) gene, which causes accumulation of pre-emergent stage lateral roots. CYP38 was previously reported to stabilize photosystem II (PSII) in chloroplasts. CYP38 expression is enriched in shoots, and grafting experiments show that the gene acts non-cell-autonomously to promote lateral root emergence. Growth of wild-type plants under low-light conditions phenocopies the cyp38 lateral root emergence defect, as does the inhibition of PSII-dependent electron transport or Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) production. Importantly, these perturbations to photosynthetic activity rapidly suppress lateral root emergence, which is separate from their effects on shoot size. Supplementary exogenous sucrose largely rescued primary root (PR) growth in cyp38, but not lateral root growth. Auxin (indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)) biosynthesis from tryptophan is dependent on reductant generated during photosynthesis. Consistently, we found that wild-type seedlings grown under low light and cyp38 mutants have highly diminished levels of IAA in root tissues. IAA treatment rescued the cyp38 lateral root defect, revealing that photosynthesis promotes lateral root emergence partly through IAA biosynthesis. These data directly confirm the importance of CYP38-dependent photosynthetic activity in supporting root growth, and define the specific contributions of two metabolites in refining root architecture under light-limited conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Duan
- Biology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Juan Manuel Pérez-Ruiz
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Cejudo
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Universidad de Sevilla and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Avda Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José R Dinneny
- Biology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Author for communication:
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Wang Z, Rong D, Chen D, Xiao Y, Liu R, Wu S, Yamamuro C. Salicylic acid promotes quiescent center cell division through ROS accumulation and down-regulation of PLT1, PLT2, and WOX5. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:583-596. [PMID: 33017089 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) plays a crucial role in plant immunity. However, its function in plant development is poorly understood. The quiescent center (QC), which maintains columella stem cells (CSCs) in the root apical meristem and typically exhibits low levels of cell division, is critical for root growth and development. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis thaliana SA overaccumulation mutant constitutively activated cell death 1 (cad1), which exhibits increased cell division in the QC, is rescued by additional mutations in genes encoding the SA biosynthetic enzyme SALICYLIC ACID INDUCTION DEFFICIENT2 (SID2) or the SA receptor NONEXPRESSER OF PR GENES1 (NPR1), indicating that QC cell division in the cad1 mutant is promoted by the NPR1-dependent SA signaling pathway. The application of exogenous SA also promoted QC cell division in wild-type plants in a dose-dependent manner and largely suppressed the expression of genes involved in QC maintenance, including those encoding the APETALA2 (AP2) transcription factors PLETHORA1 (PLT1) and PLT2, as well as the homeodomain transcription factor WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX5 (WOX5). Moreover, we showed that SA promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which is necessary for the QC cell division phenotype in the cad1 mutant. These results provide insight into the function of SA in QC maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Duoyan Rong
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Centre of Lily Germplasm Resource in Novation and Deep Processing, College of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Dixing Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Renyi Liu
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Center for Agroforestry Mega Data Science, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chizuko Yamamuro
- FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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Tripathi D, Rai KK, Pandey-Rai S. Impact of green synthesized WcAgNPs on in-vitro plant regeneration and withanolides production by inducing key biosynthetic genes in Withania coagulans. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:283-299. [PMID: 33151379 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-020-02630-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Withania coagulans (L.) Dunal bio-synthesized silver nanoparticles (WcAgNPs) worked as an abiotic elicitor or auto-catalyst that enhanced root regeneration and withanolides production in in-vitro regenerated W. coagulans. Rapid development in the production / consumption of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) raised serious concern over its effects on the growth of natural plant community. The knowledge related to impact of AgNPs on plant growth and biocompatibility is increasing day by day, but comprehensive mechanism and gaps regarding their impacts on plant health have yet to be addressed. In the present study, we investigated the impact of Withania coagulans biosynthesized AgNPs (WcAgNPs) on in-vitro plant growth and withanolides production. Obtained results showed that the low concentrations of WcAgNPs significantly induced the plant growth by regulating oxidative stress via anti-oxidative defense system. Physiological, morphology and anatomical features also reflected healthy plant growth under low WcAgNPs exposure. While higher concentrations of WcAgNPs have a negative impact on W. coagulans plant growth due to induced lipid peroxidation, ROS accumulation, and root cell death. At lower concentrations, WcAgNPs have shown a positive effect on in-planta withanolides biosynthesis stimulating withanolide A and withaferin A up to 11.15-22.8-fold, respectively. Furthermore, the expression of withanolides biosynthetic genes were also quantified upon WcAgNPs exposure and terpenes biosynthetic genes showed over-expression. Thus, the present study concludes that the lower concentrations of WcAgNPs positively induced plant growth via improved root organogenesis and also have potential to act as an elicitor for withanolides production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Tripathi
- Laboratory of Morphogenesis, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Rai
- Laboratory of Morphogenesis, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shashi Pandey-Rai
- Laboratory of Morphogenesis, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Eljebbawi A, Guerrero YDCR, Dunand C, Estevez JM. Highlighting reactive oxygen species as multitaskers in root development. iScience 2021; 24:101978. [PMID: 33490891 PMCID: PMC7808913 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are naturally produced by several redox reactions during plant regular metabolism such as photosynthesis and respiration. Due to their chemical properties and high reactivity, ROS were initially described as detrimental for cells during oxidative stress. However, they have been further recognized as key players in numerous developmental and physiological processes throughout the plant life cycle. Recent studies report the important role of ROS as growth regulators during plant root developmental processes such as in meristem maintenance, in root elongation, and in lateral root, root hair, endodermis, and vascular tissue differentiation. All involve multifaceted interplays between steady-state levels of ROS with transcriptional regulators, phytohormones, and nutrients. In this review, we attempt to summarize recent findings about how ROS are involved in multiple stages of plant root development during cell proliferation, elongation, and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Eljebbawi
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | | | - Christophe Dunand
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - José Manuel Estevez
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires, CP C1405BWE, Argentina
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal (CBV), Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida (FCsV), Universidad Andres Bello and Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
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48
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Otsuka K, Mamiya A, Konishi M, Nozaki M, Kinoshita A, Tamaki H, Arita M, Saito M, Yamamoto K, Hachiya T, Noguchi K, Ueda T, Yagi Y, Kobayashi T, Nakamura T, Sato Y, Hirayama T, Sugiyama M. Temperature-dependent fasciation mutants provide a link between mitochondrial RNA processing and lateral root morphogenesis. eLife 2021; 10:61611. [PMID: 33443014 PMCID: PMC7846275 DOI: 10.7554/elife.61611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mechanisms that activate organogenesis in plants are well established, much less is known about the subsequent fine-tuning of cell proliferation, which is crucial for creating properly structured and sized organs. Here we show, through analysis of temperature-dependent fasciation (TDF) mutants of Arabidopsis, root redifferentiation defective 1 (rrd1), rrd2, and root initiation defective 4 (rid4), that mitochondrial RNA processing is required for limiting cell division during early lateral root (LR) organogenesis. These mutants formed abnormally broadened (i.e. fasciated) LRs under high-temperature conditions due to extra cell division. All TDF proteins localized to mitochondria, where they were found to participate in RNA processing: RRD1 in mRNA deadenylation, and RRD2 and RID4 in mRNA editing. Further analysis suggested that LR fasciation in the TDF mutants is triggered by reactive oxygen species generation caused by defective mitochondrial respiration. Our findings provide novel clues for the physiological significance of mitochondrial activities in plant organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurataka Otsuka
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihito Mamiya
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mineko Konishi
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mamoru Nozaki
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuko Kinoshita
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tamaki
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Arita
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Saito
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kayoko Yamamoto
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takushi Hachiya
- Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan
| | - Ko Noguchi
- Department of Applied Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueda
- Division of Cellular Dynamics, National Institute for Basic Biology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yagi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takehito Kobayashi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakamura
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sato
- Biology and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takashi Hirayama
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Munetaka Sugiyama
- Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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49
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Betti C, Della Rovere F, Piacentini D, Fattorini L, Falasca G, Altamura MM. Jasmonates, Ethylene and Brassinosteroids Control Adventitious and Lateral Rooting as Stress Avoidance Responses to Heavy Metals and Metalloids. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11010077. [PMID: 33435585 PMCID: PMC7827588 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental and environmental signaling networks often converge during plant growth in response to changing conditions. Stress-induced hormones, such as jasmonates (JAs), can influence growth by crosstalk with other signals like brassinosteroids (BRs) and ethylene (ET). Nevertheless, it is unclear how avoidance of an abiotic stress triggers local changes in development as a response. It is known that stress hormones like JAs/ET and BRs can regulate the division rate of cells from the first asymmetric cell divisions (ACDs) in meristems, suggesting that stem cell activation may take part in developmental changes as a stress-avoidance-induced response. The root system is a prime responder to stress conditions in soil. Together with the primary root and lateral roots (LRs), adventitious roots (ARs) are necessary for survival in numerous plant species. AR and LR formation is affected by soil pollution, causing substantial root architecture changes by either depressing or enhancing rooting as a stress avoidance/survival response. Here, a detailed overview of the crosstalk between JAs, ET, BRs, and the stress mediator nitric oxide (NO) in auxin-induced AR and LR formation, with/without cadmium and arsenic, is presented. Interactions essential in achieving a balance between growth and adaptation to Cd and As soil pollution to ensure survival are reviewed here in the model species Arabidopsis and rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Betti
- Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Piazzale Menghini 8/9, 06132 Perugia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-5782402
| | - Federica Della Rovere
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Diego Piacentini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Laura Fattorini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Giuseppina Falasca
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Maria Maddalena Altamura
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.D.R.); (D.P.); (L.F.); (G.F.); (M.M.A.)
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50
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Mase K, Tsukagoshi H. Reactive Oxygen Species Link Gene Regulatory Networks During Arabidopsis Root Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:660274. [PMID: 33986765 PMCID: PMC8110921 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.660274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plant development under altered nutritional status and environmental conditions and during attack from invaders is highly regulated by plant hormones at the molecular level by various signaling pathways. Previously, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were believed to be harmful as they cause oxidative damage to cells; however, in the last decade, the essential role of ROS as signaling molecules regulating plant growth has been revealed. Plant roots accumulate relatively high levels of ROS, and thus, maintaining ROS homeostasis, which has been shown to regulate the balance between cell proliferation and differentiation at the root tip, is important for proper root growth. However, when the balance is disturbed, plants are unable to respond to the changes in the surrounding conditions and cannot grow and survive. Moreover, ROS control cell expansion and cell differentiation processes such as root hair formation and lateral root development. In these processes, the transcription factor-mediated gene expression network is important downstream of ROS. Although ROS can independently regulate root growth to some extent, a complex crosstalk occurs between ROS and other signaling molecules. Hormone signals are known to regulate root growth, and ROS are thought to merge with these signals. In fact, the crosstalk between ROS and these hormones has been elucidated, and the central transcription factors that act as a hub between these signals have been identified. In addition, ROS are known to act as important signaling factors in plant immune responses; however, how they also regulate plant growth is not clear. Recent studies have strongly indicated that ROS link these two events. In this review, we describe and discuss the role of ROS signaling in root development, with a particular focus on transcriptional regulation. We also summarize the crosstalk with other signals and discuss the importance of ROS as signaling molecules for plant root development.
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