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Zubrzycki M, Schramm R, Costard-Jäckle A, Grohmann J, Gummert JF, Zubrzycka M. Cardiac Development and Factors Influencing the Development of Congenital Heart Defects (CHDs): Part I. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7117. [PMID: 39000221 PMCID: PMC11241401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The traditional description of cardiac development involves progression from a cardiac crescent to a linear heart tube, which in the phase of transformation into a mature heart forms a cardiac loop and is divided with the septa into individual cavities. Cardiac morphogenesis involves numerous types of cells originating outside the initial cardiac crescent, including neural crest cells, cells of the second heart field origin, and epicardial progenitor cells. The development of the fetal heart and circulatory system is subject to regulatation by both genetic and environmental processes. The etiology for cases with congenital heart defects (CHDs) is largely unknown, but several genetic anomalies, some maternal illnesses, and prenatal exposures to specific therapeutic and non-therapeutic drugs are generally accepted as risk factors. New techniques for studying heart development have revealed many aspects of cardiac morphogenesis that are important in the development of CHDs, in particular transposition of the great arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Zubrzycki
- Department of Surgery for Congenital Heart Defects, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstr. 11, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany;
| | - Rene Schramm
- Clinic for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstr. 11, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; (R.S.); (A.C.-J.); (J.F.G.)
| | - Angelika Costard-Jäckle
- Clinic for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstr. 11, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; (R.S.); (A.C.-J.); (J.F.G.)
| | - Jochen Grohmann
- Department of Congenital Heart Disease/Pediatric Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstr. 11, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany;
| | - Jan F. Gummert
- Clinic for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart and Diabetes Center NRW, University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstr. 11, 32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; (R.S.); (A.C.-J.); (J.F.G.)
| | - Maria Zubrzycka
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Mazowiecka 6/8, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
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2
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Franco D, Sánchez-Fernández C, García-Padilla C, Lozano-Velasco E. Exploring the role non-coding RNAs during myocardial cell fate. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:1339-1348. [PMID: 38775188 DOI: 10.1042/bst20231216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial cell fate specification takes place during the early stages of heart development as the precardiac mesoderm is configured into two symmetrical sets of bilateral precursor cells. Molecular cues of the surrounding tissues specify and subsequently determine the early cardiomyocytes, that finally matured as the heart is completed at early postnatal stages. Over the last decade, we have greatly enhanced our understanding of the transcriptional regulation of cardiac development and thus of myocardial cell fate. The recent discovery of a novel layer of gene regulation by non-coding RNAs has flourished their implication in epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of cardiac development. In this review, we revised the current state-of-the-art knowledge on the functional role of non-coding RNAs during myocardial cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Franco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen 23071, Spain
- Fundación Medina, Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Fernández
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen 23071, Spain
- Fundación Medina, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlos García-Padilla
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen 23071, Spain
- Fundación Medina, Granada, Spain
| | - Estefania Lozano-Velasco
- Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, Jaen 23071, Spain
- Fundación Medina, Granada, Spain
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3
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Cordero J, Elsherbiny A, Wang Y, Jürgensen L, Constanty F, Günther S, Boerries M, Heineke J, Beisaw A, Leuschner F, Hassel D, Dobreva G. Leveraging chromatin state transitions for the identification of regulatory networks orchestrating heart regeneration. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:4215-4233. [PMID: 38364861 PMCID: PMC11077086 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The limited regenerative capacity of the human heart contributes to high morbidity and mortality worldwide. In contrast, zebrafish exhibit robust regenerative capacity, providing a powerful model for studying how to overcome intrinsic epigenetic barriers maintaining cardiac homeostasis and initiate regeneration. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the histone modifications H3K4me1, H3K4me3, H3K27me3 and H3K27ac during various stages of zebrafish heart regeneration. We found a vast gain of repressive chromatin marks one day after myocardial injury, followed by the acquisition of active chromatin characteristics on day four and a transition to a repressive state on day 14, and identified distinct transcription factor ensembles associated with these events. The rapid transcriptional response involves the engagement of super-enhancers at genes implicated in extracellular matrix reorganization and TOR signaling, while H3K4me3 breadth highly correlates with transcriptional activity and dynamic changes at genes involved in proteolysis, cell cycle activity, and cell differentiation. Using loss- and gain-of-function approaches, we identified transcription factors in cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells influencing cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation or proliferation. Finally, we detected significant evolutionary conservation between regulatory regions that drive zebrafish and neonatal mouse heart regeneration, suggesting that reactivating transcriptional and epigenetic networks converging on these regulatory elements might unlock the regenerative potential of adult human hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Cordero
- Department of Cardiovascular Genomics and Epigenomics, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adel Elsherbiny
- Department of Cardiovascular Genomics and Epigenomics, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yinuo Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Genomics and Epigenomics, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lonny Jürgensen
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Constanty
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Günther
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Melanie Boerries
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Freiburg, a partnership between DKFZ and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, 69110 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joerg Heineke
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arica Beisaw
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Leuschner
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Hassel
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gergana Dobreva
- Department of Cardiovascular Genomics and Epigenomics, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Elkhoury K, Kodeih S, Enciso-Martínez E, Maziz A, Bergaud C. Advancing Cardiomyocyte Maturation: Current Strategies and Promising Conductive Polymer-Based Approaches. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303288. [PMID: 38349615 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of mortality and pose a significant burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Despite remarkable progress in medical research, the development of effective cardiovascular drugs has been hindered by high failure rates and escalating costs. One contributing factor is the limited availability of mature cardiomyocytes (CMs) for accurate disease modeling and drug screening. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived CMs offer a promising source of CMs; however, their immature phenotype presents challenges in translational applications. This review focuses on the road to achieving mature CMs by summarizing the major differences between immature and mature CMs, discussing the importance of adult-like CMs for drug discovery, highlighting the limitations of current strategies, and exploring potential solutions using electro-mechano active polymer-based scaffolds based on conductive polymers. However, critical considerations such as the trade-off between 3D systems and nutrient exchange, biocompatibility, degradation, cell adhesion, longevity, and integration into wider systems must be carefully evaluated. Continued advancements in these areas will contribute to a better understanding of cardiac diseases, improved drug discovery, and the development of personalized treatment strategies for patients with cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Elkhoury
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, F-31400, France
| | - Sacha Kodeih
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Balamand, Tripoli, P.O. Box 100, Lebanon
| | | | - Ali Maziz
- LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, F-31400, France
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Sahu S, Rao AR, Sahu TK, Pandey J, Varshney S, Kumar A, Gaikwad K. Predictive Role of Cluster Bean ( Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) Derived miRNAs in Human and Cattle Health. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:448. [PMID: 38674383 PMCID: PMC11049822 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding conserved molecules with lengths varying between 18-25nt. Plants miRNAs are very stable, and probably they might have been transferred across kingdoms via food intake. Such miRNAs are also called exogenous miRNAs, which regulate the gene expression in host organisms. The miRNAs present in the cluster bean, a drought tolerant legume crop having high commercial value, might have also played a regulatory role for the genes involved in nutrients synthesis or disease pathways in animals including humans due to dietary intake of plant parts of cluster beans. However, the predictive role of miRNAs of cluster beans for gene-disease association across kingdoms such as cattle and humans are not yet fully explored. Thus, the aim of the present study is to (i) find out the cluster bean miRNAs (cb-miRs) functionally similar to miRNAs of cattle and humans and predict their target genes' involvement in the occurrence of complex diseases, and (ii) identify the role of cb-miRs that are functionally non-similar to the miRNAs of cattle and humans and predict their targeted genes' association with complex diseases in host systems. Here, we predicted a total of 33 and 15 functionally similar cb-miRs (fs-cb-miRs) to human and cattle miRNAs, respectively. Further, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed the participation of targeted genes of fs-cb-miRs in 24 and 12 different pathways in humans and cattle, respectively. Few targeted genes in humans like LCP2, GABRA6, and MYH14 were predicted to be associated with disease pathways of Yesinia infection (hsa05135), neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction (hsa04080), and pathogenic Escherichia coli infection (hsa05130), respectively. However, targeted genes of fs-cb-miRs in humans like KLHL20, TNS1, and PAPD4 are associated with Alzheimer's, malignant tumor of the breast, and hepatitis C virus infection disease, respectively. Similarly, in cattle, targeted genes like ATG2B and DHRS11 of fs-cb-miRs participate in the pathways of Huntington disease and steroid biosynthesis, respectively. Additionally, the targeted genes like SURF4 and EDME2 of fs-cb-miRs are associated with mastitis and bovine osteoporosis, respectively. We also found a few cb-miRs that do not have functional similarity with human and cattle miRNAs but are found to target the genes in the host organisms and as well being associated with human and cattle diseases. Interestingly, a few genes such as NRM, PTPRE and SUZ12 were observed to be associated with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Asthma and Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma diseases, respectively, in humans and genes like SCNN1B associated with renal disease in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarika Sahu
- Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, ICAR, New Delhi 110012, India; (S.S.); (J.P.); (S.V.)
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201303, India;
| | - Atmakuri Ramakrishna Rao
- Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, ICAR, New Delhi 110012, India; (S.S.); (J.P.); (S.V.)
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Tanmaya Kumar Sahu
- Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, ICAR, Jhansi 284003, India;
| | - Jaya Pandey
- Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, ICAR, New Delhi 110012, India; (S.S.); (J.P.); (S.V.)
| | - Shivangi Varshney
- Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, ICAR, New Delhi 110012, India; (S.S.); (J.P.); (S.V.)
| | - Archna Kumar
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201303, India;
| | - Kishor Gaikwad
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, ICAR, New Delhi 110012, India;
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Rao K, Rochon E, Singh A, Jagannathan R, Peng Z, Mansoor H, Wang B, Moulik M, Zhang M, Saraf A, Corti P, Shiva S. Myoglobin modulates the Hippo pathway to promote cardiomyocyte differentiation. iScience 2024; 27:109146. [PMID: 38414852 PMCID: PMC10897895 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The endogenous mechanisms that propagate cardiomyocyte differentiation and prevent de-differentiation remain unclear. While the expression of the heme protein myoglobin increases by over 50% during cardiomyocyte differentiation, a role for myoglobin in regulating cardiomyocyte differentiation has not been tested. Here, we show that deletion of myoglobin in cardiomyocyte models decreases the gene expression of differentiation markers and stimulates cellular proliferation, consistent with cardiomyocyte de-differentiation. Mechanistically, the heme prosthetic group of myoglobin catalyzes the oxidation of the Hippo pathway kinase LATS1, resulting in phosphorylation and inactivation of yes-associated protein (YAP). In vivo, myoglobin-deficient zebrafish hearts show YAP dephosphorylation and accelerated cardiac regeneration after apical injury. Similarly, myoglobin knockdown in neonatal murine hearts shows increased YAP dephosphorylation and cardiomyocyte cycling. These data demonstrate a novel role for myoglobin as an endogenous driver of cardiomyocyte differentiation and highlight myoglobin as a potential target to enhance cardiac development and improve cardiac repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krithika Rao
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Elizabeth Rochon
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Anuradha Singh
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Rajaganapathi Jagannathan
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Zishan Peng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Haris Mansoor
- Heart and Vascular Institute Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Bing Wang
- Molecular Therapy Lab, Stem Cell Research Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Mousumi Moulik
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Manling Zhang
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Veteran Affair Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Anita Saraf
- Heart and Vascular Institute Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paola Corti
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Sruti Shiva
- Heart, Lung, Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Pharmacology & Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Fu Q, Qian Y, Jiang H, He Y, Dai H, Chen Y, Xia Z, Liang Y, Zhou Y, Gao R, Zheng S, Lv H, Sun M, Xu K, Yang T. Genetic lineage tracing identifies adaptive mechanisms of pancreatic islet β cells in various mouse models of diabetes with distinct age of initiation. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:504-517. [PMID: 37930473 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2372-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
During the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), pancreatic islets, especially the β cells, face significant challenges. These insulin-producing cells adopt a regeneration strategy to compensate for the shortage of insulin, but the exact mechanism needs to be defined. High-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) treatment are well-established models to study islet damage in T2D and T1D respectively. Therefore, we applied these two diabetic mouse models, triggered at different ages, to pursue the cell fate transition of islet β cells. Cre-LoxP systems were used to generate islet cell type-specific (α, β, or δ) green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled mice for genetic lineage tracing, thereinto β-cell GFP-labeled mice were tamoxifen induced. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was used to investigate the evolutionary trajectories and molecular mechanisms of the GFP-labeled β cells in STZ-treated mice. STZ-induced diabetes caused extensive dedifferentiation of β cells and some of which transdifferentiated into a or δ cells in both youth- and adulthood-initiated mice while this phenomenon was barely observed in HFD models. β cells in HFD mice were expanded via self-replication rather than via transdifferentiation from α or δ cells, in contrast, α or δ cells were induced to transdifferentiate into β cells in STZ-treated mice (both youth- and adulthood-initiated). In addition to the re-dedifferentiation of β cells, it is also highly likely that these "α or δ" cells transdifferentiated from pre-existing β cells could also re-trans-differentiate into insulin-producing β cells and be beneficial to islet recovery. The analysis of ScRNA-seq revealed that several pathways including mitochondrial function, chromatin modification, and remodeling are crucial in the dynamic transition of β cells. Our findings shed light on how islet β cells overcome the deficit of insulin and the molecular mechanism of islet recovery in T1D and T2D pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hemin Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yunqiang He
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hao Dai
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhiqing Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yucheng Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yuncai Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Rui Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Shuai Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Hui Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Kuanfeng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Nappi F. In-Depth Genomic Analysis: The New Challenge in Congenital Heart Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1734. [PMID: 38339013 PMCID: PMC10855915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of next-generation sequencing has provided new insights into the causes and mechanisms of congenital heart disease (CHD). Examinations of the whole exome sequence have detected detrimental gene variations modifying single or contiguous nucleotides, which are characterised as pathogenic based on statistical assessments of families and correlations with congenital heart disease, elevated expression during heart development, and reductions in harmful protein-coding mutations in the general population. Patients with CHD and extracardiac abnormalities are enriched for gene classes meeting these criteria, supporting a common set of pathways in the organogenesis of CHDs. Single-cell transcriptomics data have revealed the expression of genes associated with CHD in specific cell types, and emerging evidence suggests that genetic mutations disrupt multicellular genes essential for cardiogenesis. Metrics and units are being tracked in whole-genome sequencing studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nappi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
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9
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Xu W, Billon C, Li H, Wilderman A, Qi L, Graves A, Rideb JRDC, Zhao Y, Hayes M, Yu K, Losby M, Hampton CS, Adeyemi CM, Hong SJ, Nasiotis E, Fu C, Oh TG, Fan W, Downes M, Welch RD, Evans RM, Milosavljevic A, Walker JK, Jensen BC, Pei L, Burris T, Zhang L. Novel Pan-ERR Agonists Ameliorate Heart Failure Through Enhancing Cardiac Fatty Acid Metabolism and Mitochondrial Function. Circulation 2024; 149:227-250. [PMID: 37961903 PMCID: PMC10842599 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.066542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac metabolic dysfunction is a hallmark of heart failure (HF). Estrogen-related receptors ERRα and ERRγ are essential regulators of cardiac metabolism. Therefore, activation of ERR could be a potential therapeutic intervention for HF. However, in vivo studies demonstrating the potential usefulness of ERR agonist for HF treatment are lacking, because compounds with pharmacokinetics appropriate for in vivo use have not been available. METHODS Using a structure-based design approach, we designed and synthesized 2 structurally distinct pan-ERR agonists, SLU-PP-332 and SLU-PP-915. We investigated the effect of ERR agonist on cardiac function in a pressure overload-induced HF model in vivo. We conducted comprehensive functional, multi-omics (RNA sequencing and metabolomics studies), and genetic dependency studies both in vivo and in vitro to dissect the molecular mechanism, ERR isoform dependency, and target specificity. RESULTS Both SLU-PP-332 and SLU-PP-915 significantly improved ejection fraction, ameliorated fibrosis, and increased survival associated with pressure overload-induced HF without affecting cardiac hypertrophy. A broad spectrum of metabolic genes was transcriptionally activated by ERR agonists, particularly genes involved in fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial function. Metabolomics analysis showed substantial normalization of metabolic profiles in fatty acid/lipid and tricarboxylic acid/oxidative phosphorylation metabolites in the mouse heart with 6-week pressure overload. ERR agonists increase mitochondria oxidative capacity and fatty acid use in vitro and in vivo. Using both in vitro and in vivo genetic dependency experiments, we show that ERRγ is the main mediator of ERR agonism-induced transcriptional regulation and cardioprotection and definitively demonstrated target specificity. ERR agonism also led to downregulation of cell cycle and development pathways, which was partially mediated by E2F1 in cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS ERR agonists maintain oxidative metabolism, which confers cardiac protection against pressure overload-induced HF in vivo. Our results provide direct pharmacologic evidence supporting the further development of ERR agonists as novel HF therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Xu
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (W.X., H.L., A.W., L.Q., A.G., J.R.D.C.R., Y.Z., K.Y., M.L., E.N., A.M., L.Z.)
| | - Cyrielle Billon
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy, St Louis, MO (C.B., M.H., T.B.)
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St Louis College of Pharmacy, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO (C.B., M.H., T.B.)
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (W.X., H.L., A.W., L.Q., A.G., J.R.D.C.R., Y.Z., K.Y., M.L., E.N., A.M., L.Z.)
| | - Andrea Wilderman
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (W.X., H.L., A.W., L.Q., A.G., J.R.D.C.R., Y.Z., K.Y., M.L., E.N., A.M., L.Z.)
| | - Lei Qi
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (W.X., H.L., A.W., L.Q., A.G., J.R.D.C.R., Y.Z., K.Y., M.L., E.N., A.M., L.Z.)
| | - Andrea Graves
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (W.X., H.L., A.W., L.Q., A.G., J.R.D.C.R., Y.Z., K.Y., M.L., E.N., A.M., L.Z.)
| | - Jernie Rae Dela Cruz Rideb
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (W.X., H.L., A.W., L.Q., A.G., J.R.D.C.R., Y.Z., K.Y., M.L., E.N., A.M., L.Z.)
| | - Yuanbiao Zhao
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (W.X., H.L., A.W., L.Q., A.G., J.R.D.C.R., Y.Z., K.Y., M.L., E.N., A.M., L.Z.)
| | - Matthew Hayes
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy, St Louis, MO (C.B., M.H., T.B.)
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St Louis College of Pharmacy, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO (C.B., M.H., T.B.)
| | - Keyang Yu
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (W.X., H.L., A.W., L.Q., A.G., J.R.D.C.R., Y.Z., K.Y., M.L., E.N., A.M., L.Z.)
| | - McKenna Losby
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (W.X., H.L., A.W., L.Q., A.G., J.R.D.C.R., Y.Z., K.Y., M.L., E.N., A.M., L.Z.)
| | - Carissa S Hampton
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, St Louis University School of Medicine, MO (C.S.H., C.M.A., J.K.W.)
| | - Christiana M Adeyemi
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, St Louis University School of Medicine, MO (C.S.H., C.M.A., J.K.W.)
| | - Seok Jae Hong
- McAllister Heart Institute (S.J.H., B.C.J.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Eleni Nasiotis
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (W.X., H.L., A.W., L.Q., A.G., J.R.D.C.R., Y.Z., K.Y., M.L., E.N., A.M., L.Z.)
| | - Chen Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA (C.F.)
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, OH (C.F.)
| | - Tae Gyu Oh
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (T.G.O., W.F., M.D., R.M.E.)
| | - Weiwei Fan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (T.G.O., W.F., M.D., R.M.E.)
| | - Michael Downes
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (T.G.O., W.F., M.D., R.M.E.)
| | - Ryan D Welch
- Biology and Chemistry Department, Blackburn College, Carlinville, IL (R.D.W.)
| | - Ronald M Evans
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA (T.G.O., W.F., M.D., R.M.E.)
| | - Aleksandar Milosavljevic
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (W.X., H.L., A.W., L.Q., A.G., J.R.D.C.R., Y.Z., K.Y., M.L., E.N., A.M., L.Z.)
| | - John K Walker
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, St Louis University School of Medicine, MO (C.S.H., C.M.A., J.K.W.)
| | - Brian C Jensen
- McAllister Heart Institute (S.J.H., B.C.J.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (B.C.J.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Liming Pei
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (L.P.)
| | - Thomas Burris
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy, St Louis, MO (C.B., M.H., T.B.)
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St Louis College of Pharmacy, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO (C.B., M.H., T.B.)
| | - Lilei Zhang
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX (W.X., H.L., A.W., L.Q., A.G., J.R.D.C.R., Y.Z., K.Y., M.L., E.N., A.M., L.Z.)
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10
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Huang H, Huang GN, Payumo AY. Two decades of heart regeneration research: Cardiomyocyte proliferation and beyond. WIREs Mech Dis 2024; 16:e1629. [PMID: 37700522 PMCID: PMC10840678 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Interest in vertebrate cardiac regeneration has exploded over the past two decades since the discovery that adult zebrafish are capable of complete heart regeneration, contrasting the limited regenerative potential typically observed in adult mammalian hearts. Undercovering the mechanisms that both support and limit cardiac regeneration across the animal kingdom may provide unique insights in how we may unlock this capacity in adult humans. In this review, we discuss key discoveries in the heart regeneration field over the last 20 years. Initially, seminal findings revealed that pre-existing cardiomyocytes are the major source of regenerated cardiac muscle, drawing interest into the intrinsic mechanisms regulating cardiomyocyte proliferation. Moreover, recent studies have identified the importance of intercellular interactions and physiological adaptations, which highlight the vast complexity of the cardiac regenerative process. Finally, we compare strategies that have been tested to increase the regenerative capacity of the adult mammalian heart. This article is categorized under: Cardiovascular Diseases > Stem Cells and Development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herman Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA 95192, USA
| | - Guo N. Huang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute & Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Alexander Y. Payumo
- Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA 95192, USA
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11
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Cui M, Bezprozvannaya S, Hao T, Elnwasany A, Szweda LI, Liu N, Bassel-Duby R, Olson EN. Transcription factor NFYa controls cardiomyocyte metabolism and proliferation during mouse fetal heart development. Dev Cell 2023; 58:2867-2880.e7. [PMID: 37972593 PMCID: PMC11000264 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes are highly metabolic cells responsible for generating the contractile force in the heart. During fetal development and regeneration, these cells actively divide but lose their proliferative activity in adulthood. The mechanisms that coordinate their metabolism and proliferation are not fully understood. Here, we study the role of the transcription factor NFYa in developing mouse hearts. Loss of NFYa alters cardiomyocyte composition, causing a decrease in immature regenerative cells and an increase in trabecular and mature cardiomyocytes, as identified by spatial and single-cell transcriptome analyses. NFYa-deleted cardiomyocytes exhibited reduced proliferation and impaired mitochondrial metabolism, leading to cardiac growth defects and embryonic death. NFYa, interacting with cofactor SP2, activates genes linking metabolism and proliferation at the transcription level. Our study identifies a nodal role of NFYa in regulating prenatal cardiac growth and a previously unrecognized transcriptional control mechanism of heart metabolism, highlighting the importance of mitochondrial metabolism during heart development and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Svetlana Bezprozvannaya
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Tian Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Abdallah Elnwasany
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Luke I Szweda
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rhonda Bassel-Duby
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Eric N Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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12
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Yang X, Li L, Zeng C, Wang WE. The characteristics of proliferative cardiomyocytes in mammals. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 185:50-64. [PMID: 37918322 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Better understanding of the mechanisms regulating the proliferation of pre-existing cardiomyocyte (CM) should lead to better options for regenerating injured myocardium. The absence of a perfect research model to definitively identify newly formed mammalian CMs is lacking. However, methodologies are being developed to identify and enrich proliferative CMs. These methods take advantages of the different proliferative states of CMs during postnatal development, before and after injury in the neonatal heart. New approaches use CMs labeled in lineage tracing animals or single cell technique-based CM clusters. This review aims to provide a timely update on the characteristics of the proliferative CMs, including their structural, functional, genetic, epigenetic and metabolic characteristics versus non-proliferative CMs. A better understanding of the characteristics of proliferative CMs should lead to the mechanisms for inducing endogenous CMs to self-renew, which is a promising therapeutic strategy to treat cardiac diseases that cause CM death in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Liangpeng Li
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Wei Eric Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
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13
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Wan X, Wang H, Qian Q, Yan J. MiR-133b as a crucial regulator of TCS-induced cardiotoxicity via activating β-adrenergic receptor signaling pathway in zebrafish embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 334:122199. [PMID: 37467918 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
As a commonly used antibacterial agent in daily consumer products, triclosan (TCS) has attracted significant attention due to its potential environmental risks. In this study, we investigated the toxic effects of TCS exposure (1.4 μM) on heart development in zebrafish embryos. Our findings revealed that TCS exposure caused significant cardiac dysfunction, characterized by pericardial edema, malformations in the heart structure, and a slow heart rate. Additionally, TCS exposure induced oxidative damage and abnormal apoptosis in heart cells through the up-regulation of β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) signaling pathway genes (adrb1, adrb2a, arrb2b), similar to the effects induced by β-AR agonists. Notably, the adverse effects of TCS exposure were alleviated by β-AR antagonists. Using high-throughput transcriptome miRNA sequencing and targeted miRNA screening, we focused on miR-133b, which targets adrb1 and was down-regulated by TCS exposure, as a potential contributor to TCS-induced cardiotoxicity. Inhibition of miR-133b produced similar toxic effects as TCS exposure, while overexpression of miR-133b down-regulated the β-AR signaling pathway and rescued heart defects caused by TCS. In summary, our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the cardiotoxic effects of TCS. We suggest that targeting the β-AR pathway and miR-133b may be effective strategies for pharmacotherapy in cardiotoxicity induced by environmental pollutants such as TCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiancheng Wan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Huili Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Qiuhui Qian
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Jin Yan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
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14
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Liu H, Ma Y, Yu J, Chen X, Wang S, Jia Y, Ding N, Jin X, Zhang Y, Xu J, Li X. Insight into the regulatory mechanism of dynamic chromatin 3D interactions during cardiomyocyte differentiation in human. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 33:629-641. [PMID: 37650118 PMCID: PMC10462852 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiogenesis is an extremely complicated process involved with DNA regulatory elements, and trans factors regulate gene expression pattern spatiotemporally. Enhancers, as the well-known DNA elements, activate target gene expression by transcription factors (TFs) occupied to organize dynamic three-dimensional (3D) interactions, which when affected or interrupted might cause heart defects or diseases. In this study, we integrated transcriptome, 3D genome, and regulatome to reorganize the global 3D genome in cardiomyogenesis, showing a gradually decreased trend of both chromatin interactions and topological associating domains (TADs) during cardiomyocyte differentiation. And almost all of the chromatin interactions occurred within the same or between adjacent TADs involved with enhancers, indicating that dynamical rewiring of enhancer-related chromatin interactions in the continuous expansive TADs is closely correlated to cardiogenesis. Moreover, we found stage-specific interactions activate stage-specific expression to be involved within corresponding biological functions, and the stage-specific combined regulations of enhancers and binding TFs form connected networks to control stage-specific expression and biological processes, which promote cardiomyocyte differentiation. Finally, we identified markers based on regulatory networks, which might drive cardiac development. This study demonstrates the power of enhancer interactome combined with active TFs to reveal insights into transcriptional regulatory networks during cardiomyogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Yingying Ma
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Jiaxin Yu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Shuyuan Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Yijie Jia
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Na Ding
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jin
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Yunpeng Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Juan Xu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
| | - Xia Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
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15
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Alzamrooni A, Mendes Vieira P, Murciano N, Wolton M, Schubert FR, Robson SC, Dietrich S. Cardiac competence of the paraxial head mesoderm fades concomitant with a shift towards the head skeletal muscle programme. Dev Biol 2023; 501:39-59. [PMID: 37301464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The vertebrate head mesoderm provides the heart, the great vessels, some smooth and most head skeletal muscle, in addition to parts of the skull. It has been speculated that the ability to generate cardiac and smooth muscle is the evolutionary ground-state of the tissue. However, whether indeed the entire head mesoderm has generic cardiac competence, how long this may last, and what happens as cardiac competence fades, is not clear. Bone morphogenetic proteins (Bmps) are known to promote cardiogenesis. Using 41 different marker genes in the chicken embryo, we show that the paraxial head mesoderm that normally does not engage in cardiogenesis has the ability to respond to Bmp for a long time. However, Bmp signals are interpreted differently at different time points. Up to early head fold stages, the paraxial head mesoderm is able to read Bmps as signal to engage in the cardiac programme; the ability to upregulate smooth muscle markers is retained slightly longer. Notably, as cardiac competence fades, Bmp promotes the head skeletal muscle programme instead. The switch from cardiac to skeletal muscle competence is Wnt-independent as Wnt caudalises the head mesoderm and also suppresses Msc-inducing Bmp provided by the prechordal plate, thus suppressing both the cardiac and the head skeletal muscle programmes. Our study for the first time suggests a specific transition state in the embryo when cardiac competence is replaced by skeletal muscle competence. It sets the stage to unravel the cardiac-skeletal muscle antagonism that is known to partially collapse in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan Alzamrooni
- Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Petra Mendes Vieira
- Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Nicoletta Murciano
- Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK; Nanion Technologies GmbH, Ganghoferstr. 70A, DE - 80339, München, Germany; Saarland University, Theoretical Medicine and Biosciences, Kirrbergerstr. 100, DE - 66424, Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthew Wolton
- Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Frank R Schubert
- Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Samuel C Robson
- Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science & Health, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Susanne Dietrich
- Institute of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK.
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16
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Yang H, Yang Y, Kiskin FN, Shen M, Zhang JZ. Recent advances in regulating the proliferation or maturation of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:228. [PMID: 37649113 PMCID: PMC10469435 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03470-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM)-based cell therapy has drawn broad attention as a potential therapy for treating injured hearts. However, mass production of hiPSC-CMs remains challenging, limiting their translational potential in regenerative medicine. Therefore, multiple strategies including cell cycle regulators, small molecules, co-culture systems, and epigenetic modifiers have been used to improve the proliferation of hiPSC-CMs. On the other hand, the immaturity of these proliferative hiPSC-CMs could lead to lethal arrhythmias due to their limited ability to functionally couple with resident cardiomyocytes. To achieve functional maturity, numerous methods such as prolonged culture, biochemical or biophysical stimulation, in vivo transplantation, and 3D culture approaches have been employed. In this review, we summarize recent approaches used to promote hiPSC-CM proliferation, and thoroughly review recent advances in promoting hiPSC-CM maturation, which will serve as the foundation for large-scale production of mature hiPSC-CMs for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Fedir N Kiskin
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China
| | - Mengcheng Shen
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Joe Z Zhang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518132, China.
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17
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Elia A, Mohsin S, Khan M. Cardiomyocyte Ploidy, Metabolic Reprogramming and Heart Repair. Cells 2023; 12:1571. [PMID: 37371041 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The adult heart is made up of cardiomyocytes (CMs) that maintain pump function but are unable to divide and form new myocytes in response to myocardial injury. In contrast, the developmental cardiac tissue is made up of proliferative CMs that regenerate injured myocardium. In mammals, CMs during development are diploid and mononucleated. In response to cardiac maturation, CMs undergo polyploidization and binucleation associated with CM functional changes. The transition from mononucleation to binucleation coincides with unique metabolic changes and shift in energy generation. Recent studies provide evidence that metabolic reprogramming promotes CM cell cycle reentry and changes in ploidy and nucleation state in the heart that together enhances cardiac structure and function after injury. This review summarizes current literature regarding changes in CM ploidy and nucleation during development, maturation and in response to cardiac injury. Importantly, how metabolism affects CM fate transition between mononucleation and binucleation and its impact on cell cycle progression, proliferation and ability to regenerate the heart will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Elia
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Sadia Mohsin
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Mohsin Khan
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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18
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Zhao Y, van de Leemput J, Han Z. The opportunities and challenges of using Drosophila to model human cardiac diseases. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1182610. [PMID: 37123266 PMCID: PMC10130661 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1182610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Drosophila heart tube seems simple, yet it has notable anatomic complexity and contains highly specialized structures. In fact, the development of the fly heart tube much resembles that of the earliest stages of mammalian heart development, and the molecular-genetic mechanisms driving these processes are highly conserved between flies and humans. Combined with the fly's unmatched genetic tools and a wide variety of techniques to assay both structure and function in the living fly heart, these attributes have made Drosophila a valuable model system for studying human heart development and disease. This perspective focuses on the functional and physiological similarities between fly and human hearts. Further, it discusses current limitations in using the fly, as well as promising prospects to expand the capabilities of Drosophila as a research model for studying human cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpo Zhao
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Joyce van de Leemput
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zhe Han
- Center for Precision Disease Modeling, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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19
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Ji L, Shi Y, Bian Q. Comparative genomics analyses reveal sequence determinants underlying interspecies variations in injury-responsive enhancers. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:177. [PMID: 37020217 PMCID: PMC10077677 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09283-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injury induces profound transcriptional remodeling events, which could lead to only wound healing, partial tissue repair, or perfect regeneration in different species. Injury-responsive enhancers (IREs) are cis-regulatory elements activated in response to injury signals, and have been demonstrated to promote tissue regeneration in some organisms such as zebrafish and flies. However, the functional significances of IREs in mammals remain elusive. Moreover, whether the transcriptional responses elicited by IREs upon injury are conserved or specialized in different species, and what sequence features may underlie the functional variations of IREs have not been elucidated. RESULTS We identified a set of IREs that are activated in both regenerative and non-regenerative neonatal mouse hearts upon myocardial ischemia-induced damage by integrative epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses. Motif enrichment analysis showed that AP-1 and ETS transcription factor binding motifs are significantly enriched in both zebrafish and mouse IREs. However, the IRE-associated genes vary considerably between the two species. We further found that the IRE-related sequences in zebrafish and mice diverge greatly, with the loss of IRE inducibility accompanied by a reduction in AP-1 and ETS motif frequencies. The functional turnover of IREs between zebrafish and mice is correlated with changes in transcriptional responses of the IRE-associated genes upon injury. Using mouse cardiomyocytes as a model, we demonstrated that the reduction in AP-1 or ETS motif frequency attenuates the activation of IREs in response to hypoxia-induced damage. CONCLUSIONS By performing comparative genomics analyses on IREs, we demonstrated that inter-species variations in AP-1 and ETS motifs may play an important role in defining the functions of enhancers during injury response. Our findings provide important insights for understanding the molecular mechanisms of transcriptional remodeling in response to injury across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luzhang Ji
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125, China
| | - Qian Bian
- Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200125, China.
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20
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Human Heart Morphogenesis: A New Vision Based on In Vivo Labeling and Cell Tracking. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:life13010165. [PMID: 36676114 PMCID: PMC9861877 DOI: 10.3390/life13010165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite the extensive information available on the different genetic, epigenetic, and molecular features of cardiogenesis, the origin of congenital heart defects remains unknown. Most genetic and molecular studies have been conducted outside the context of the progressive anatomical and histological changes in the embryonic heart, which is one of the reasons for the limited knowledge of the origins of congenital heart diseases. We integrated the findings of descriptive studies on human embryos and experimental studies on chick, rat, and mouse embryos. This research is based on the new dynamic concept of heart development and the existence of two heart fields. The first field corresponds to the straight heart tube, into which splanchnic mesodermal cells from the second heart field are gradually recruited. The overall aim was to create a new vision for the analysis, diagnosis, and regionalized classification of congenital defects of the heart and great arteries. In addition to highlighting the importance of genetic factors in the development of congenital heart disease, this study provides new insights into the composition of the straight heart tube, the processes of twisting and folding, and the fate of the conus in the development of the right ventricle and its outflow tract. The new vision, based on in vivo labeling and cell tracking and enhanced by models such as gastruloids and organoids, has contributed to a better understanding of important errors in cardiac morphogenesis, which may lead to several congenital heart diseases.
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21
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Targeting Epigenetic Regulation of Cardiomyocytes through Development for Therapeutic Cardiac Regeneration after Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911878. [PMID: 36233177 PMCID: PMC9569953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, with no cure currently. Therefore, there is a dire need to further understand the mechanisms that arise during heart failure. Notoriously, the adult mammalian heart has a very limited ability to regenerate its functional cardiac cells, cardiomyocytes, after injury. However, the neonatal mammalian heart has a window of regeneration that allows for the repair and renewal of cardiomyocytes after injury. This specific timeline has been of interest in the field of cardiovascular and regenerative biology as a potential target for adult cardiomyocyte repair. Recently, many of the neonatal cardiomyocyte regeneration mechanisms have been associated with epigenetic regulation within the heart. This review summarizes the current and most promising epigenetic mechanisms in neonatal cardiomyocyte regeneration, with a specific emphasis on the potential for targeting these mechanisms in adult cardiac models for repair after injury.
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22
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Xie H, Li M, Kang Y, Zhang J, Zhao C. Zebrafish: an important model for understanding scoliosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:506. [PMID: 36059018 PMCID: PMC9441191 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04534-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Scoliosis is a common spinal deformity that considerably affects the physical and psychological health of patients. Studies have shown that genetic factors play an important role in scoliosis. However, its etiopathogenesis remain unclear, partially because of the genetic heterogeneity of scoliosis and the lack of appropriate model systems. Recently, the development of efficient gene editing methods and high-throughput sequencing technology has made it possible to explore the underlying pathological mechanisms of scoliosis. Owing to their susceptibility for developing scoliosis and high genetic homology with human, zebrafish are increasingly being used as a model for scoliosis in developmental biology, genetics, and clinical medicine. Here, we summarize the recent advances in scoliosis research on zebrafish and discuss the prospects of using zebrafish as a scoliosis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Xie
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University and Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China.,Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266003, China.,Sars-Fang Centre, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Mingzhu Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University and Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China
| | - Yunsi Kang
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266003, China.,Sars-Fang Centre, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University and Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524001, China. .,The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Chengtian Zhao
- Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China. .,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266003, China. .,Sars-Fang Centre, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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23
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Hashimoto K, Kodama A, Ohira M, Kimoto M, Nakagawa R, Usui Y, Ujihara Y, Hanashima A, Mohri S. Postnatal expression of cell cycle promoter Fam64a causes heart dysfunction by inhibiting cardiomyocyte differentiation through repression of Klf15. iScience 2022; 25:104337. [PMID: 35602953 PMCID: PMC9118685 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction of fetal cell cycle genes into damaged adult hearts has emerged as a promising strategy for stimulating proliferation and regeneration of postmitotic adult cardiomyocytes. We have recently identified Fam64a as a fetal-specific cell cycle promoter in cardiomyocytes. Here, we analyzed transgenic mice maintaining cardiomyocyte-specific postnatal expression of Fam64a when endogenous expression was abolished. Despite an enhancement of cardiomyocyte proliferation, these mice showed impaired cardiomyocyte differentiation during postnatal development, resulting in cardiac dysfunction in later life. Mechanistically, Fam64a inhibited cardiomyocyte differentiation by repressing Klf15, leading to the accumulation of undifferentiated cardiomyocytes. In contrast, introduction of Fam64a in differentiated adult wildtype hearts improved functional recovery upon injury with augmented cell cycle and no dedifferentiation in cardiomyocytes. These data demonstrate that Fam64a inhibits cardiomyocyte differentiation during early development, but does not induce de-differentiation in once differentiated cardiomyocytes, illustrating a promising potential of Fam64a as a cell cycle promoter to attain heart regeneration. Overexpression of cell cycle promoter Fam64a in cardiomyocytes causes heart failure Fam64a inhibits cardiomyocyte differentiation during development by repressing Klf15 Transient and local induction of Fam64a in adult hearts improves recovery upon injury Fam64a activates cardiomyocyte cell cycle without dedifferentiation upon injury
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Hashimoto
- First Department of Physiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
| | - Aya Kodama
- First Department of Physiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
| | - Momoko Ohira
- First Department of Physiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
| | - Misaki Kimoto
- First Department of Physiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
| | - Reiko Nakagawa
- Laboratory for Phyloinformatics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Yuu Usui
- First Department of Physiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ujihara
- Department of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Akira Hanashima
- First Department of Physiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mohri
- First Department of Physiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701-0192, Japan
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24
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Young A, Bradley LA, Farrar E, Bilcheck HO, Tkachenko S, Saucerman JJ, Bekiranov S, Wolf MJ. Inhibition of DYRK1a Enhances Cardiomyocyte Cycling After Myocardial Infarction. Circ Res 2022; 130:1345-1361. [PMID: 35369706 PMCID: PMC9050942 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.320005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DYRK1a (dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1a) contributes to the control of cycling cells, including cardiomyocytes. However, the effects of inhibition of DYRK1a on cardiac function and cycling cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction (MI) remain unknown. METHODS We investigated the impacts of pharmacological inhibition and conditional genetic ablation of DYRK1a on endogenous cardiomyocyte cycling and left ventricular systolic function in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) MI using αMHC-MerDreMer-Ki67p-RoxedCre::Rox-Lox-tdTomato-eGFP (RLTG) (denoted αDKRC::RLTG) and αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR::DYRK1aflox/flox mice. RESULTS We observed that harmine, an inhibitor of DYRK1a, improved left ventricular ejection fraction (39.5±1.6% and 29.1±1.6%, harmine versus placebo, respectively), 2 weeks after I/R MI. Harmine also increased cardiomyocyte cycling after I/R MI in αDKRC::RLTG mice, 10.8±1.5 versus 24.3±2.6 enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (eGFP)+ cardiomyocytes, placebo versus harmine, respectively, P=1.0×10-3. The effects of harmine on left ventricular ejection fraction were attenuated in αDKRC::DTA mice that expressed an inducible diphtheria toxin in adult cycling cardiomyocytes. The conditional cardiomyocyte-specific genetic ablation of DYRK1a in αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR::DYRK1aflox/flox (denoted DYRK1a k/o) mice caused cardiomyocyte hyperplasia at baseline (210±28 versus 126±5 cardiomyocytes per 40× field, DYRK1a k/o versus controls, respectively, P=1.7×10-2) without changes in cardiac function compared with controls, or compensatory changes in the expression of other DYRK isoforms. After I/R MI, DYRK1a k/o mice had improved left ventricular function (left ventricular ejection fraction 41.8±2.2% and 26.4±0.8%, DYRK1a k/o versus control, respectively, P=3.7×10-2). RNAseq of cardiomyocytes isolated from αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR::DYRK1aflox/flox and αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR mice after I/R MI or Sham surgeries identified enrichment in mitotic cell cycle genes in αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR::DYRK1aflox/flox compared with αMHC-Cre::Fucci2aR. CONCLUSIONS The pharmacological inhibition or cardiomyocyte-specific ablation of DYRK1a caused baseline hyperplasia and improved cardiac function after I/R MI, with an increase in cell cycle gene expression, suggesting the inhibition of DYRK1a may serve as a therapeutic target to treat MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Young
- Department of Medicine (A.Y., L.A.B., E.F., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (A.Y., L.A.B., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Leigh A Bradley
- Department of Medicine (A.Y., L.A.B., E.F., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (A.Y., L.A.B., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Elizabeth Farrar
- Department of Medicine (A.Y., L.A.B., E.F., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Helen O Bilcheck
- Department of Medicine (A.Y., L.A.B., E.F., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (A.Y., L.A.B., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Svyatoslav Tkachenko
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering (S.T., J.J.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Jeffrey J Saucerman
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering (S.T., J.J.S.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Stefan Bekiranov
- Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics (S.B.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
| | - Matthew J Wolf
- Department of Medicine (A.Y., L.A.B., E.F., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (A.Y., L.A.B., H.O.B., M.J.W.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville
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25
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Rashid SA, Blanchard AT, Combs JD, Fernandez N, Dong Y, Cho HC, Salaita K. DNA Tension Probes Show that Cardiomyocyte Maturation Is Sensitive to the Piconewton Traction Forces Transmitted by Integrins. ACS NANO 2022; 16:5335-5348. [PMID: 35324164 PMCID: PMC11238821 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c04303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac muscle cells (CMCs) are the unit cells that comprise the heart. CMCs go through different stages of differentiation and maturation pathways to fully mature into beating cells. These cells can sense and respond to mechanical cues through receptors such as integrins which influence maturation pathways. For example, cell traction forces are important for the differentiation and development of functional CMCs, as CMCs cultured on varying substrate stiffness function differently. Most work in this area has focused on understanding the role of bulk extracellular matrix stiffness in mediating the functional fate of CMCs. Given that stiffness sensing mechanisms are mediated by individual integrin receptors, an important question in this area pertains to the specific magnitude of integrin piconewton (pN) forces that can trigger CMC functional maturation. To address this knowledge gap, we used DNA adhesion tethers that rupture at specific thresholds of force (∼12, ∼56, and ∼160 pN) to test whether capping peak integrin tension to specific magnitudes affects CMC function. We show that adhesion tethers with greater force tolerance lead to functionally mature CMCs as determined by morphology, twitching frequency, transient calcium flux measurements, and protein expression (F-actin, vinculin, α-actinin, YAP, and SERCA2a). Additionally, sarcomeric actinin alignment and multinucleation were significantly enhanced as the mechanical tolerance of integrin tethers was increased. Taken together, the results show that CMCs harness defined pN integrin forces to influence early stage development. This study represents an important step toward biophysical characterization of the contribution of pN forces in early stage cardiac differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sk Aysha Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Aaron T Blanchard
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - J Dale Combs
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Natasha Fernandez
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, 1405 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yixiao Dong
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Hee Cheol Cho
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, 1405 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Khalid Salaita
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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26
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Recent Experimental Studies of Maternal Obesity, Diabetes during Pregnancy and the Developmental Origins of Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084467. [PMID: 35457285 PMCID: PMC9027277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death. Most concerning is the rise in cardiovascular risk factors including obesity, diabetes and hypertension among youth, which increases the likelihood of the development of earlier and more severe cardiovascular disease. While lifestyle factors are involved in these trends, an increasing body of evidence implicates environmental exposures in early life on health outcomes in adulthood. Maternal obesity and diabetes during pregnancy, which have increased dramatically in recent years, also have profound effects on fetal growth and development. Mounting evidence is emerging that maternal obesity and diabetes during pregnancy have lifelong effects on cardiovascular risk factors and heart disease development. However, the mechanisms responsible for these observations are unknown. In this review, we summarize the findings of recent experimental studies, showing that maternal obesity and diabetes during pregnancy affect energy metabolism and heart disease development in the offspring, with a focus on the mechanisms involved. We also evaluate early proof-of-concept studies for interventions that could mitigate maternal obesity and gestational diabetes-induced cardiovascular disease risk in the offspring.
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27
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Garbern JC, Lee RT. Heart regeneration: 20 years of progress and renewed optimism. Dev Cell 2022; 57:424-439. [PMID: 35231426 PMCID: PMC8896288 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death worldwide, and thus there remains great interest in regenerative approaches to treat heart failure. In the past 20 years, the field of heart regeneration has entered a renaissance period with remarkable progress in the understanding of endogenous heart regeneration, stem cell differentiation for exogenous cell therapy, and cell-delivery methods. In this review, we highlight how this new understanding can lead to viable strategies for human therapy. For the near term, drugs, electrical and mechanical devices, and heart transplantation will remain mainstays of cardiac therapies, but eventually regenerative therapies based on fundamental regenerative biology may offer more permanent solutions for patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C. Garbern
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA,Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Richard T. Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115, USA,Corresponding author and lead contact: Richard T. Lee, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138, Phone: 617-496-5394, Fax: 617-496-8351,
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28
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Sharma A, Gupta S, Archana S, Verma RS. Emerging Trends in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Applications for Cardiac Regenerative Therapy: Current Status and Advances. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:1546-1602. [PMID: 35122226 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10314-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Irreversible myocardium infarction is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular disease (CVD) related death and its quantum is expected to grow in coming years. Pharmacological intervention has been at the forefront to ameliorate injury-related morbidity and mortality. However, its outcomes are highly skewed. As an alternative, stem cell-based tissue engineering/regenerative medicine has been explored quite extensively to regenerate the damaged myocardium. The therapeutic modality that has been most widely studied both preclinically and clinically is based on adult multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) delivered to the injured heart. However, there is debate over the mechanistic therapeutic role of MSC in generating functional beating cardiomyocytes. This review intends to emphasize the role and use of MSC in cardiac regenerative therapy (CRT). We have elucidated in detail, the various aspects related to the history and progress of MSC use in cardiac tissue engineering and its multiple strategies to drive cardiomyogenesis. We have further discussed with a focus on the various therapeutic mechanism uncovered in recent times that has a significant role in ameliorating heart-related problems. We reviewed recent and advanced technologies using MSC to develop/create tissue construct for use in cardiac regenerative therapy. Finally, we have provided the latest update on the usage of MSC in clinical trials and discussed the outcome of such studies in realizing the full potential of MSC use in clinical management of cardiac injury as a cellular therapy module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akriti Sharma
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Santosh Gupta
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Archana
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rama Shanker Verma
- Stem Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
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29
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Morton SU, Quiat D, Seidman JG, Seidman CE. Genomic frontiers in congenital heart disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:26-42. [PMID: 34272501 PMCID: PMC9236191 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00587-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The application of next-generation sequencing to study congenital heart disease (CHD) is increasingly providing new insights into the causes and mechanisms of this prevalent birth anomaly. Whole-exome sequencing analysis identifies damaging gene variants altering single or contiguous nucleotides that are assigned pathogenicity based on statistical analyses of families and cohorts with CHD, high expression in the developing heart and depletion of damaging protein-coding variants in the general population. Gene classes fulfilling these criteria are enriched in patients with CHD and extracardiac abnormalities, evidencing shared pathways in organogenesis. Developmental single-cell transcriptomic data demonstrate the expression of CHD-associated genes in particular cell lineages, and emerging insights indicate that genetic variants perturb multicellular interactions that are crucial for cardiogenesis. Whole-genome sequencing analyses extend these observations, identifying non-coding variants that influence the expression of genes associated with CHD and contribute to the estimated ~55% of unexplained cases of CHD. These approaches combined with the assessment of common and mosaic genetic variants have provided a more complete knowledge of the causes and mechanisms of CHD. Such advances provide knowledge to inform the clinical care of patients with CHD or other birth defects and deepen our understanding of the complexity of human development. In this Review, we highlight known and candidate CHD-associated human genes and discuss how the integration of advances in developmental biology research can provide new insights into the genetic contributions to CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah U. Morton
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,These authors contributed equally: Sarah U. Morton, Daniel Quiat
| | - Daniel Quiat
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Cardiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,These authors contributed equally: Sarah U. Morton, Daniel Quiat
| | | | - Christine E. Seidman
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.,
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30
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Rowton M, Guzzetta A, Rydeen AB, Moskowitz IP. Control of cardiomyocyte differentiation timing by intercellular signaling pathways. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 118:94-106. [PMID: 34144893 PMCID: PMC8968240 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Congenital Heart Disease (CHD), malformations of the heart present at birth, is the most common class of life-threatening birth defect (Hoffman (1995) [1], Gelb (2004) [2], Gelb (2014) [3]). A major research challenge is to elucidate the genetic determinants of CHD and mechanistically link CHD ontogeny to a molecular understanding of heart development. Although the embryonic origins of CHD are unclear in most cases, dysregulation of cardiovascular lineage specification, patterning, proliferation, migration or differentiation have been described (Olson (2004) [4], Olson (2006) [5], Srivastava (2006) [6], Dunwoodie (2007) [7], Bruneau (2008) [8]). Cardiac differentiation is the process whereby cells become progressively more dedicated in a trajectory through the cardiac lineage towards mature cardiomyocytes. Defects in cardiac differentiation have been linked to CHD, although how the complex control of cardiac differentiation prevents CHD is just beginning to be understood. The stages of cardiac differentiation are highly stereotyped and have been well-characterized (Kattman et al. (2011) [9], Wamstad et al. (2012) [10], Luna-Zurita et al. (2016) [11], Loh et al. (2016) [12], DeLaughter et al. (2016) [13]); however, the developmental and molecular mechanisms that promote or delay the transition of a cell through these stages have not been as deeply investigated. Tight temporal control of progenitor differentiation is critically important for normal organ size, spatial organization, and cellular physiology and homeostasis of all organ systems (Raff et al. (1985) [14], Amthor et al. (1998) [15], Kopan et al. (2014) [16]). This review will focus on the action of signaling pathways in the control of cardiomyocyte differentiation timing. Numerous signaling pathways, including the Wnt, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Hedgehog, Bone Morphogenetic Protein, Insulin-like Growth Factor, Thyroid Hormone and Hippo pathways, have all been implicated in promoting or inhibiting transitions along the cardiac differentiation trajectory. Gaining a deeper understanding of the mechanisms controlling cardiac differentiation timing promises to yield insights into the etiology of CHD and to inform approaches to restore function to damaged hearts.
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31
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Mellis IA, Edelstein HI, Truitt R, Goyal Y, Beck LE, Symmons O, Dunagin MC, Linares Saldana RA, Shah PP, Pérez-Bermejo JA, Padmanabhan A, Yang W, Jain R, Raj A. Responsiveness to perturbations is a hallmark of transcription factors that maintain cell identity in vitro. Cell Syst 2021; 12:885-899.e8. [PMID: 34352221 PMCID: PMC8522198 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the particular transcription factors that maintain cell type in vitro is important for manipulating cell type. Identifying such transcription factors by their cell-type-specific expression or their involvement in developmental regulation has had limited success. We hypothesized that because cell type is often resilient to perturbations, the transcriptional response to perturbations would reveal identity-maintaining transcription factors. We developed perturbation panel profiling (P3) as a framework for perturbing cells across many conditions and measuring gene expression responsiveness transcriptome-wide. In human iPSC-derived cardiac myocytes, P3 showed that transcription factors important for cardiac myocyte differentiation and maintenance were among the most frequently upregulated (most responsive). We reasoned that one function of responsive genes may be to maintain cellular identity. We identified responsive transcription factors in fibroblasts using P3 and found that suppressing their expression led to enhanced reprogramming. We propose that responsiveness to perturbations is a property of transcription factors that help maintain cellular identity in vitro. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian A Mellis
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Genomics and Computational Biology Group, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hailey I Edelstein
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rachel Truitt
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yogesh Goyal
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lauren E Beck
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Orsolya Symmons
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Margaret C Dunagin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ricardo A Linares Saldana
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Parisha P Shah
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Arun Padmanabhan
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wenli Yang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rajan Jain
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Arjun Raj
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Cui M, Atmanli A, Morales MG, Tan W, Chen K, Xiao X, Xu L, Liu N, Bassel-Duby R, Olson EN. Nrf1 promotes heart regeneration and repair by regulating proteostasis and redox balance. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5270. [PMID: 34489413 PMCID: PMC8421386 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25653-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Following injury, cells in regenerative tissues have the ability to regrow. The mechanisms whereby regenerating cells adapt to injury-induced stress conditions and activate the regenerative program remain to be defined. Here, using the mammalian neonatal heart regeneration model, we show that Nrf1, a stress-responsive transcription factor encoded by the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2 Like 1 (Nfe2l1) gene, is activated in regenerating cardiomyocytes. Genetic deletion of Nrf1 prevented regenerating cardiomyocytes from activating a transcriptional program required for heart regeneration. Conversely, Nrf1 overexpression protected the adult mouse heart from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Nrf1 also protected human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes from doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and other cardiotoxins. The protective function of Nrf1 is mediated by a dual stress response mechanism involving activation of the proteasome and redox balance. Our findings reveal that the adaptive stress response mechanism mediated by Nrf1 is required for neonatal heart regeneration and confers cardioprotection in the adult heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Cui
- Department of Molecular Biology, the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ayhan Atmanli
- Department of Molecular Biology, the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Maria Gabriela Morales
- Department of Molecular Biology, the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Molecular Biology, the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kenian Chen
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population & Data Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xue Xiao
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population & Data Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population & Data Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rhonda Bassel-Duby
- Department of Molecular Biology, the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Eric N Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology, the Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Downregulated developmental processes in the postnatal right ventricle under the influence of a volume overload. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:208. [PMID: 34365468 PMCID: PMC8349357 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00593-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular atlas of postnatal mouse ventricular development has been made available and cardiac regeneration is documented to be a downregulated process. The right ventricle (RV) differs from the left ventricle. How volume overload (VO), a common pathologic state in children with congenital heart disease, affects the downregulated processes of the RV is currently unclear. We created a fistula between the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava on postnatal day 7 (P7) using a mouse model to induce a prepubertal RV VO. RNAseq analysis of RV (from postnatal day 14 to 21) demonstrated that angiogenesis was the most enriched gene ontology (GO) term in both the sham and VO groups. Regulation of the mitotic cell cycle was the second-most enriched GO term in the VO group but it was not in the list of enriched GO terms in the sham group. In addition, the number of Ki67-positive cardiomyocytes increased approximately 20-fold in the VO group compared to the sham group. The intensity of the vascular endothelial cells also changed dramatically over time in both groups. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of the downregulated transcriptome revealed that the peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway was replaced by the cell cycle in the top-20 enriched KEGG terms because of the VO. Angiogenesis was one of the primary downregulated processes in postnatal RV development, and the cell cycle was reactivated under the influence of VO. The mechanism underlying the effects we observed may be associated with the replacement of the PPAR-signaling pathway with the cell-cycle pathway.
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Grancharova T, Gerbin KA, Rosenberg AB, Roco CM, Arakaki JE, DeLizo CM, Dinh SQ, Donovan-Maiye RM, Hirano M, Nelson AM, Tang J, Theriot JA, Yan C, Menon V, Palecek SP, Seelig G, Gunawardane RN. A comprehensive analysis of gene expression changes in a high replicate and open-source dataset of differentiating hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15845. [PMID: 34349150 PMCID: PMC8338992 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94732-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptional changes occurring during human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) differentiation to cardiomyocytes. Using single cell RNA-seq, we sequenced > 20,000 single cells from 55 independent samples representing two differentiation protocols and multiple hiPSC lines. Samples included experimental replicates ranging from undifferentiated hiPSCs to mixed populations of cells at D90 post-differentiation. Differentiated cell populations clustered by time point, with differential expression analysis revealing markers of cardiomyocyte differentiation and maturation changing from D12 to D90. We next performed a complementary cluster-independent sparse regression analysis to identify and rank genes that best assigned cells to differentiation time points. The two highest ranked genes between D12 and D24 (MYH7 and MYH6) resulted in an accuracy of 0.84, and the three highest ranked genes between D24 and D90 (A2M, H19, IGF2) resulted in an accuracy of 0.94, revealing that low dimensional gene features can identify differentiation or maturation stages in differentiating cardiomyocytes. Expression levels of select genes were validated using RNA FISH. Finally, we interrogated differences in cardiac gene expression resulting from two differentiation protocols, experimental replicates, and three hiPSC lines in the WTC-11 background to identify sources of variation across these experimental variables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexander B Rosenberg
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,, Parse Biosciences, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charles M Roco
- , Parse Biosciences, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Matthew Hirano
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Joyce Tang
- Allen Institute for Cell Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Julie A Theriot
- Allen Institute for Cell Science, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Calysta Yan
- Allen Institute for Cell Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Vilas Menon
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sean P Palecek
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Georg Seelig
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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35
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Zhou W, Ma T, Ding S. Non-viral approaches for somatic cell reprogramming into cardiomyocytes. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 122:28-36. [PMID: 34238675 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Heart disease is the leading cause of human deaths worldwide. Due to lacking cardiomyocytes with replicative capacity and cardiac progenitor cells with differentiation potential in adult hearts, massive loss of cardiomyocytes after ischemic events produces permanent damage, ultimately leading to heart failure. Cellular reprogramming is a promising strategy to regenerate heart by induction of cardiomyocytes from other cell types, such as cardiac fibroblasts. In contrast to conventional virus-based cardiac reprogramming, non-viral approaches greatly reduce the potential risk that includes disruption of genome integrity by integration of foreign DNAs, expression of exogenous genes with oncogenic potential, and appearance of partially reprogrammed cells harmful for the physiological functions of tissues/organs, which impedes their in-vivo applications. Here, we review the recent progress in development of non-viral approaches to directly reprogram somatic cells towards cardiomyocytes and their therapeutic application for heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tianhua Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Sheng Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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36
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Fan C, Chen H, Liu K, Wang Z. Fibrinogen-like protein 2 contributes to normal murine cardiomyocyte maturation and heart development. Exp Physiol 2021; 106:1559-1571. [PMID: 33998085 DOI: 10.1113/ep089450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? What is the role of fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) in murine cardiomyocyte maturation? What is the main finding and its importance? This is the first study showing both global Fgl2 knockout and cardiac-specific FGL2 deletion trigger early death and dilated cardiomyopathy. By using an adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated CRISPR/Cas9-based somatic mutagenesis system, it was demonstrated that cardiac-specific FGL2 depletion induces ventricular dilatation and remodelling, and disrupts the normal hypertrophic growth and polyploidization of cardiomyocytes. In addition, it was shown that modulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 and fibroblast growth factor 2 signalling is associated with loss-of-FGL2-mediated cardiac dysfunction. These results suggest FGL2 is an important determinant of cardiomyocyte maturation. ABSTRACT In the first few weeks after birth in altricial mammals, postnatal cardiomyocytes (CMs) undergo dramatic changes, including cell volume enlargement, cell cycle withdrawal and polyploidization to become mature CMs. Aberrations in this process could disrupt the essential contractility and synchronization of adult CMs, leading to various heart diseases. However, the mechanism of CM maturation is poorly understood. Fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) is an immune coagulant which participates in maturation of multiple cell types. However, little evidence exists regarding a role of FGL2 in CM maturation. In this study, we observed that global Fgl2-/- pups had high lethality and suffered from cardiac dysfunction before P28. To further confirm the phenotype and study the mechanisms upon FGL2 deficiency, we used an adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated CRISPR/Cas9-based somatic mutagenesis system to generate loss-of-function mutations of Fgl2 specifically in CMs. We designed two guide RNAs (gRNAs) exclusively targeting Fgl2 exon1 and produced Fgl2-gRNA AAV9 to deliver to neonatal Cas9 mice. Here, we demonstrated the efficient FGL2 depletion in the heart after Fgl2-gRNA AAV9 delivery. Consistent with the findings in global Fgl2-/- mice, we observed AAV9-mediated FGL2 depletion triggered early death and dilated cardiomyopathy. In addition, FGL2 depletion perturbed the normal hypertrophic growth and polyploidization of maturing CMs. Furthermore, we found modulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 and fibroblast growth factor 2 signalling was associated with FGL2 deficiency-mediated cardiac dysfunction. Here, we demonstrate the successful depletion of FGL2 in maturing CMs in vivo and show FGL2 is an important determinant for normal CM maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fan
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kun Liu
- Institute of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
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37
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Qian N, Gao Y, Wang J, Wang Y. Emerging role of interleukin-13 in cardiovascular diseases: A ray of hope. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5351-5357. [PMID: 33943014 PMCID: PMC8184673 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the great progress made in the treatment for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the morbidity and mortality of CVDs remains high due to the lack of effective treatment strategy. Inflammation is a central pathophysiological feature of the heart in response to both acute and chronic injury, while the molecular basis and underlying mechanisms remains obscure. Interleukin (IL)-13, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, has been known as a critical mediator in allergy and asthma. Recent studies appraise the role of IL-13 in CVDs, revealing that IL-13 is not only involved in more obvious cardiac inflammatory diseases such as myocarditis but also relevant to acute or chronic CVDs of other origins, such as myocardial infarction and heart failure. The goal of this review is to summarize the advancement in our knowledge of the regulations and functions of IL-13 in CVDs and to discuss the possible mechanisms of IL-13 involved in CVDs. We highlight that IL-13 may be a promising target for immunotherapy in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningjing Qian
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian'an Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cardiovascular Key Lab of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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38
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Terrey M, Adamson SI, Chuang JH, Ackerman SL. Defects in translation-dependent quality control pathways lead to convergent molecular and neurodevelopmental pathology. eLife 2021; 10:e66904. [PMID: 33899734 PMCID: PMC8075583 DOI: 10.7554/elife.66904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Translation-dependent quality control pathways such as no-go decay (NGD), non-stop decay (NSD), and nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) govern protein synthesis and proteostasis by resolving non-translating ribosomes and preventing the production of potentially toxic peptides derived from faulty and aberrant mRNAs. However, how translation is altered and the in vivo defects that arise in the absence of these pathways are poorly understood. Here, we show that the NGD/NSD factors Pelo and Hbs1l are critical in mice for cerebellar neurogenesis but expendable for survival of these neurons after development. Analysis of mutant mouse embryonic fibroblasts revealed translational pauses, alteration of signaling pathways, and translational reprogramming. Similar effects on signaling pathways, including mTOR activation, the translatome and mouse cerebellar development were observed upon deletion of the NMD factor Upf2. Our data reveal that these quality control pathways that function to mitigate errors at distinct steps in translation can evoke similar cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Terrey
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of MaineOronoUnited States
| | - Scott I Adamson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic MedicineFarmingtonUnited States
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn HealthFarmingtonUnited States
| | - Jeffrey H Chuang
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic MedicineFarmingtonUnited States
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Institute for Systems Genomics, UConn HealthFarmingtonUnited States
| | - Susan L Ackerman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San DiegoLa JollaUnited States
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39
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Xu M, Yao J, Shi Y, Yi H, Zhao W, Lin X, Yang Z. The SRCAP chromatin remodeling complex promotes oxidative metabolism during prenatal heart development. Development 2021; 148:237772. [PMID: 33913477 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian heart development relies on cardiomyocyte mitochondrial maturation and metabolism. Embryonic cardiomyocytes make a metabolic shift from anaerobic glycolysis to oxidative metabolism by mid-gestation. VHL-HIF signaling favors anaerobic glycolysis but this process subsides by E14.5. Meanwhile, oxidative metabolism becomes activated but its regulation is largely elusive. Here, we first pinpointed a crucial temporal window for mitochondrial maturation and metabolic shift, and uncovered the pivotal role of the SRCAP chromatin remodeling complex in these processes in mouse. Disruption of this complex massively suppressed the transcription of key genes required for the tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid β-oxidation and ubiquinone biosynthesis, and destroyed respirasome stability. Furthermore, we found that the SRCAP complex functioned through H2A.Z deposition to activate transcription of metabolic genes. These findings have unveiled the important physiological functions of the SRCAP complex in regulating mitochondrial maturation and promoting oxidative metabolism during heart development, and shed new light on the transcriptional regulation of ubiquinone biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jie Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yingchao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Huijuan Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wukui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xinhua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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40
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Chen F, Chen J, Wang H, Tang H, Huang L, Wang S, Wang X, Fang X, Liu J, Li L, Ouyang K, Han Z. Histone Lysine Methyltransferase SETD2 Regulates Coronary Vascular Development in Embryonic Mouse Hearts. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:651655. [PMID: 33898448 PMCID: PMC8063616 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.651655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart defects are the most common birth defect and have a clear genetic component, yet genomic structural variations or gene mutations account for only a third of the cases. Epigenomic dynamics during human heart organogenesis thus may play a critical role in regulating heart development. However, it is unclear how histone mark H3K36me3 acts on heart development. Here we report that histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SETD2, an H3K36me3 methyltransferase, is a crucial regulator of the mouse heart epigenome. Setd2 is highly expressed in embryonic stages and accounts for a predominate role of H3K36me3 in the heart. Loss of Setd2 in cardiac progenitors results in obvious coronary vascular defects and ventricular non-compaction, leading to fetus lethality in mid-gestation, without affecting peripheral blood vessel, yolk sac, and placenta formation. Furthermore, deletion of Setd2 dramatically decreased H3K36me3 level and impacted the transcriptional landscape of key cardiac-related genes, including Rspo3 and Flrt2. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that SETD2 plays a primary role in H3K36me3 and is critical for coronary vascular formation and heart development in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengling Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiewen Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huayuan Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shijia Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xi Fang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kunfu Ouyang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
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Li J, Lee JK, Miwa K, Kuramoto Y, Masuyama K, Yasutake H, Tomoyama S, Nakanishi H, Sakata Y. Scaffold-Mediated Developmental Effects on Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes Are Preserved After External Support Removal. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:591754. [PMID: 33659246 PMCID: PMC7917244 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.591754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem (hiPS) cells have been used as a cell source for regenerative therapy and disease modeling. The purity of hiPS-cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs) has markedly improved with advancements in cell culture and differentiation protocols. However, the morphological features and molecular properties of the relatively immature cells are still unclear, which has hampered their clinical application. The aim of the present study was to investigate the extent to which topographic substrates actively influence hiPS-CMs. hiPS-CMs were seeded on randomized oriented fiber substrate (random), anisotropic aligned fiber substrate (align), and flat non-scaffold substrate (flat). After culturing for one week, the hiPS-CMs on the aligned patterns showed more mature-like properties, including elongated rod shape, shorter duration of action potential, accelerated conduction velocity, and elevated cardiac gene expression. Subsequently, to determine whether this development was irreversible or was altered after withdrawal of the structural support, the hiPS-CMs were harvested from the three different patterns and reseeded on the non-scaffold (flat) pattern. After culturing for one more week, the improvements in morphological and functional properties diminished, although hiPS-CMs pre-cultured on the aligned pattern retained the molecular features of development, which were even more significant as compared to that observed during the pre-culture stage. Our results suggested that the anisotropic fiber substrate can induce the formation of geometrical mimic-oriented heart tissue in a short time. Although the morphological and electrophysiological properties of hiPS-CMs obtained via facilitated maturation somehow rely on the existence of an exterior scaffold, the molecular developmental features were preserved even in the absence of the external support, which might persist throughout hiPS-CM development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Jong-Kook Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Keiko Miwa
- Department of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuki Kuramoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Masuyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hideki Yasutake
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Satoki Tomoyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakanishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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Yuki K, Koutsogiannaki S. Neutrophil and T Cell Functions in Patients with Congenital Heart Diseases: A Review. Pediatr Cardiol 2021; 42:1478-1482. [PMID: 34282478 PMCID: PMC8289712 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-021-02681-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
With a significant improvement of survival in patients with congenital heart disease, we expect to encounter these patients more frequently for various medical issues. Clinical studies indicate that infection can pose higher risk in this cohort than general population. Here, with the hypothesis that more severe infection-related complications in CHD cohort may be linked to their inadequate immune response, we reviewed the current literature regarding neutrophil and T cell functions in patients with congenital heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Yuki
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia Division, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,Department of Anaesthesia and Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Sophia Koutsogiannaki
- grid.2515.30000 0004 0378 8438Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiac Anesthesia Division, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Anaesthesia and Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
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43
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Malek Mohammadi M, Abouissa A, Heineke J. A surgical mouse model of neonatal pressure overload by transverse aortic constriction. Nat Protoc 2020; 16:775-790. [PMID: 33328612 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-00434-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac disease is the main cause of death worldwide. Insufficient regeneration of the adult mammalian heart is a major driver of cardiac morbidity and mortality. Cardiac regeneration occurs in early postnatal mice, thus understanding mechanisms of mammalian cardiac regeneration could facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we provide a detailed description of a neonatal mouse model of pressure overload by transverse aortic constriction (nTAC) that can be applied at postnatal days 1 and 7. We have previously used this model to demonstrate that mice are able to fully adapt to pressure overload following nTAC on postnatal day 1. In contrast, when nTAC is applied in the non-regenerative phase (at postnatal day 7), it is associated with a maladaptive response similar to that seen when transverse aortic constriction (TAC) is applied to adult mice. Once a user is experienced in nTAC surgery, the procedure can be completed in less than 10 min per mouse. We anticipate that this model will facilitate the discovery of therapeutic targets to treat patients or prevent pressure overload-induced cardiac failure in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Malek Mohammadi
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Aya Abouissa
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Joerg Heineke
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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Zhu Y, Do VD, Richards AM, Foo R. What we know about cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 152:80-91. [PMID: 33275936 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes (CMs) lost during cardiac injury and heart failure (HF) cannot be replaced due to their limited proliferative capacity. Regenerating the failing heart by promoting CM cell-cycle re-entry is an ambitious solution, currently vigorously pursued. Some genes have been proven to promote endogenous CM proliferation, believed to be preceded by CM dedifferentiation, wherein terminally differentiated CMs are initially reversed back to the less mature state which precedes cell division. However, very little else is known about CM dedifferentiation which remains poorly defined. We lack robust molecular markers and proper understanding of the mechanisms driving dedifferentiation. Even the term dedifferentiation is debated because there is no objective evidence of pluripotency, and could rather reflect CM plasticity instead. Nonetheless, the significance of CM transition states on cardiac function, and whether they necessarily lead to CM proliferation, remains unclear. This review summarises the current state of knowledge of both natural and experimentally induced CM dedifferentiation in non-mammalian vertebrates (primarily the zebrafish) and mammals, as well as the phenotypes and molecular mechanisms involved. The significance and potential challenges of studying CM dedifferentiation are also discussed. In summary, CM dedifferentiation, essential for CM plasticity, may have an important role in heart regeneration, thereby contributing to the prevention and treatment of heart disease. More attention is needed in this field to overcome the technical limitations and knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Zhu
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, National University Health Systems, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency of Science Research and Technology, Singapore
| | - Vinh Dang Do
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, National University Health Systems, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency of Science Research and Technology, Singapore
| | - A Mark Richards
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, National University Health Systems, Singapore
| | - Roger Foo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Cardiovascular Disease Translational Research Programme, National University Health Systems, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency of Science Research and Technology, Singapore.
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Sontayananon N, Redwood C, Davies B, Gehmlich K. Fluorescent PSC-Derived Cardiomyocyte Reporter Lines: Generation Approaches and Their Applications in Cardiovascular Medicine. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9110402. [PMID: 33207727 PMCID: PMC7697758 DOI: 10.3390/biology9110402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances have made pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-derived cardiomyocytes an attractive option to model both normal and diseased cardiac function at the single-cell level. However, in vitro differentiation yields heterogeneous populations of cardiomyocytes and other cell types, potentially confounding phenotypic analyses. Fluorescent PSC-derived cardiomyocyte reporter systems allow specific cell lineages to be labelled, facilitating cell isolation for downstream applications including drug testing, disease modelling and cardiac regeneration. In this review, the different genetic strategies used to generate such reporter lines are presented with an emphasis on their relative technical advantages and disadvantages. Next, we explore how the fluorescent reporter lines have provided insights into cardiac development and cardiomyocyte physiology. Finally, we discuss how exciting new approaches using PSC-derived cardiomyocyte reporter lines are contributing to progress in cardiac cell therapy with respect to both graft adaptation and clinical safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeramit Sontayananon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (N.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Charles Redwood
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (N.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Benjamin Davies
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Correspondence: (B.D.); (K.G.)
| | - Katja Gehmlich
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine and British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK; (N.S.); (C.R.)
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Correspondence: (B.D.); (K.G.)
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46
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Sayers JR, Riley PR. Heart regeneration: beyond new muscle and vessels. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 117:727-742. [PMID: 33241843 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The most striking consequence of a heart attack is the loss of billions of heart muscle cells, alongside damage to the associated vasculature. The lost cardiovascular tissue is replaced by scar formation, which is non-functional and results in pathological remodelling of the heart and ultimately heart failure. It is, therefore, unsurprising that the heart regeneration field has centred efforts to generate new muscle and blood vessels through targeting cardiomyocyte proliferation and angiogenesis following injury. However, combined insights from embryological studies and regenerative models, alongside the adoption of -omics technology, highlight the extensive heterogeneity of cell types within the forming or re-forming heart and the significant crosstalk arising from non-muscle and non-vessel cells. In this review, we focus on the roles of fibroblasts, immune, conduction system, and nervous system cell populations during heart development and we consider the latest evidence supporting a function for these diverse lineages in contributing to regeneration following heart injury. We suggest that the emerging picture of neurologically, immunologically, and electrically coupled cell function calls for a wider-ranging combinatorial approach to heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy R Sayers
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, British Heart Foundation Oxbridge Centre of Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Paul R Riley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, British Heart Foundation Oxbridge Centre of Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PT, UK
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Galang G, Mandla R, Ruan H, Jung C, Sinha T, Stone NR, Wu RS, Mannion BJ, Allu PKR, Chang K, Rammohan A, Shi MB, Pennacchio LA, Black BL, Vedantham V. ATAC-Seq Reveals an Isl1 Enhancer That Regulates Sinoatrial Node Development and Function. Circ Res 2020; 127:1502-1518. [PMID: 33044128 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.317145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Cardiac pacemaker cells (PCs) in the sinoatrial node (SAN) have a distinct gene expression program that allows them to fire automatically and initiate the heartbeat. Although critical SAN transcription factors, including Isl1 (Islet-1), Tbx3 (T-box transcription factor 3), and Shox2 (short-stature homeobox protein 2), have been identified, the cis-regulatory architecture that governs PC-specific gene expression is not understood, and discrete enhancers required for gene regulation in the SAN have not been identified. OBJECTIVE To define the epigenetic profile of PCs using comparative ATAC-seq (assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing) and to identify novel enhancers involved in SAN gene regulation, development, and function. METHODS AND RESULTS We used ATAC-seq on sorted neonatal mouse SAN to compare regions of accessible chromatin in PCs and right atrial cardiomyocytes. PC-enriched assay for transposase-accessible chromatin peaks, representing candidate SAN regulatory elements, were located near established SAN genes and were enriched for distinct sets of TF (transcription factor) binding sites. Among several novel SAN enhancers that were experimentally validated using transgenic mice, we identified a 2.9-kb regulatory element at the Isl1 locus that was active specifically in the cardiac inflow at embryonic day 8.5 and throughout later SAN development and maturation. Deletion of this enhancer from the genome of mice resulted in SAN hypoplasia and sinus arrhythmias. The mouse SAN enhancer also directed reporter activity to the inflow tract in developing zebrafish hearts, demonstrating deep conservation of its upstream regulatory network. Finally, single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human genome that occur near the region syntenic to the mouse enhancer exhibit significant associations with resting heart rate in human populations. CONCLUSIONS (1) PCs have distinct regions of accessible chromatin that correlate with their gene expression profile and contain novel SAN enhancers, (2) cis-regulation of Isl1 specifically in the SAN depends upon a conserved SAN enhancer that regulates PC development and SAN function, and (3) a corresponding human ISL1 enhancer may regulate human SAN function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle Galang
- Cardiology Division (G.G., R.M., H.R., C.J., R.S.W., P.K.R.A., A.R., M.B.S., V.V.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Ravi Mandla
- Cardiology Division (G.G., R.M., H.R., C.J., R.S.W., P.K.R.A., A.R., M.B.S., V.V.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Hongmei Ruan
- Cardiology Division (G.G., R.M., H.R., C.J., R.S.W., P.K.R.A., A.R., M.B.S., V.V.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Catherine Jung
- Cardiology Division (G.G., R.M., H.R., C.J., R.S.W., P.K.R.A., A.R., M.B.S., V.V.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Tanvi Sinha
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (T.S., R.S.W., B.L.B., V.V.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Nicole R Stone
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA (N.R.S.)
| | - Roland S Wu
- Cardiology Division (G.G., R.M., H.R., C.J., R.S.W., P.K.R.A., A.R., M.B.S., V.V.), University of California, San Francisco.,Cardiovascular Research Institute (T.S., R.S.W., B.L.B., V.V.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Brandon J Mannion
- Environmental and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA (B.J.M., L.A.P.).,Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA (B.J.M., L.A.P.).,Comparative Biochemistry Program, University of California, Berkeley (B.J.M., L.A.P.)
| | - Prasanna K R Allu
- Cardiology Division (G.G., R.M., H.R., C.J., R.S.W., P.K.R.A., A.R., M.B.S., V.V.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Kevin Chang
- School of Medicine (K.C.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Ashwin Rammohan
- Cardiology Division (G.G., R.M., H.R., C.J., R.S.W., P.K.R.A., A.R., M.B.S., V.V.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Marie B Shi
- Cardiology Division (G.G., R.M., H.R., C.J., R.S.W., P.K.R.A., A.R., M.B.S., V.V.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Len A Pennacchio
- Environmental and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA (B.J.M., L.A.P.).,Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Berkeley, CA (B.J.M., L.A.P.).,Comparative Biochemistry Program, University of California, Berkeley (B.J.M., L.A.P.)
| | - Brian L Black
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (T.S., R.S.W., B.L.B., V.V.), University of California, San Francisco.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (B.L.B.), University of California, San Francisco
| | - Vasanth Vedantham
- Cardiology Division (G.G., R.M., H.R., C.J., R.S.W., P.K.R.A., A.R., M.B.S., V.V.), University of California, San Francisco.,Cardiovascular Research Institute (T.S., R.S.W., B.L.B., V.V.), University of California, San Francisco
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Cui M, Wang Z, Chen K, Shah AM, Tan W, Duan L, Sanchez-Ortiz E, Li H, Xu L, Liu N, Bassel-Duby R, Olson EN. Dynamic Transcriptional Responses to Injury of Regenerative and Non-regenerative Cardiomyocytes Revealed by Single-Nucleus RNA Sequencing. Dev Cell 2020; 53:102-116.e8. [PMID: 32220304 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The adult mammalian heart is incapable of regeneration following injury. In contrast, the neonatal mouse heart can efficiently regenerate during the first week of life. The molecular mechanisms that mediate the regenerative response and its blockade in later life are not understood. Here, by single-nucleus RNA sequencing, we map the dynamic transcriptional landscape of five distinct cardiomyocyte populations in healthy, injured, and regenerating mouse hearts. We identify immature cardiomyocytes that enter the cell cycle following injury and disappear as the heart loses the ability to regenerate. These proliferative neonatal cardiomyocytes display a unique transcriptional program dependent on nuclear transcription factor Y subunit alpha (NFYa) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 1 (NFE2L1) transcription factors, which exert proliferative and protective functions, respectively. Cardiac overexpression of these two factors conferred protection against ischemic injury in mature mouse hearts that were otherwise non-regenerative. These findings advance our understanding of the cellular basis of neonatal heart regeneration and reveal a transcriptional landscape for heart repair following injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Cui
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zhaoning Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kenian Chen
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population & Data Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Akansha M Shah
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lauren Duan
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Efrain Sanchez-Ortiz
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population & Data Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rhonda Bassel-Duby
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Eric N Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology, The Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine and Sen. Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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Guo W, Zhang H, Yang A, Ma P, Sun L, Deng M, Mao C, Xiong J, Sun J, Wang N, Ma S, Nie L, Jiang Y. Homocysteine accelerates atherosclerosis by inhibiting scavenger receptor class B member1 via DNMT3b/SP1 pathway. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 138:34-48. [PMID: 31733201 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.11.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, which is characterized by lipid accumulation in the atherosclerotic plaque. Increasing evidence supports that as the main receptor of high-density lipoprotein, scavenger receptor class B member 1 (SCARB1) is protective against atherosclerosis. However, the underlying mechanism regarding it in Hcy-mediated atherosclerosis remains unclear. Here, we found the remarkable inhibition of SCARB1 expression in atherosclerotic plaque and Hcy-treated foam cells, whereas overexpression of SCARB1 can suppress lipid accumulation in foam cells following Hcy treatment. Analysis of SCARB1 promoter showed that no significant change of methylation level was observed both in vivo and in vitro under Hcy treatment. Moreover, it was found that the negative regulation of DNMT3b on SCARB1 was due to the decreased recruitment of SP1 to SCARB1 promoter. Thus, we concluded that inhibition of SCARB1 expression induced by DNMT3b at least partly accelerated Hcy-mediated atherosclerosis through promoting lipid accumulation in foam cells, which was attributed to the decreased binding of SP1 to SCARB1 promoter. In our point, these findings will provide novel insight into an epigenetic mechanism for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Yinchuan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research (NingXia Medical University), Yinchuan, China
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Ningxia Medical University General Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Anning Yang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Yinchuan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research (NingXia Medical University), Yinchuan, China
| | - Pengjun Ma
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Yinchuan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research (NingXia Medical University), Yinchuan, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Yinchuan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research (NingXia Medical University), Yinchuan, China
| | - Mei Deng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Yinchuan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research (NingXia Medical University), Yinchuan, China
| | - Caiyan Mao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Yinchuan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research (NingXia Medical University), Yinchuan, China
| | - Jiantuan Xiong
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jianmin Sun
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shengchao Ma
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Yinchuan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research (NingXia Medical University), Yinchuan, China
| | - Lihong Nie
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yideng Jiang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Yinchuan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research (NingXia Medical University), Yinchuan, China.
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Xu X, Jiang H, Lu Y, Zhang M, Cheng C, Xue F, Zhang M, Zhang C, Ni M, Zhang Y. Deficiency of NONO is associated with impaired cardiac function and fibrosis in mice. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 137:46-58. [PMID: 31634484 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Non-POU-domain-containing octamer-binding protein (NONO), a component of multifunctional Drosophila behavior/human splicing (DBHS) family, plays an important role in regulating glucose and fat metabolism, circadian cycles, cell division, collagen formation and fibrosis. Dysfunctional variants of NONO have been described as the cause of congenital heart defects in males. However, the effects of NONO deficiency on the ventricular function and cardiac fibrosis as well as the related mechanisms are not clear. In the present study, we aimed to reveal the overall phenotypes, cardiac function and fibroblasts in NONO knockout (NONO KO) mice compared with the wild-type (WT) male littermates. The results showed that the birth rate of NONOgt/0 mice was much lower than their WT male littermates at the time of weaning. The body weight of NONOgt/0 mice was 19% lower than that of WT male littermates (27.2 ± 1.49 g vs. 22.01 ± 1.20 g, P < .001). NONO KO mice exhibited continuous higher mortality from birth to a year later (P < .05). Compared with those in the WT mice, the heart weight was lower(142.0 ± 8.7 mg vs. 179.0 ± 10.4 mg, P < .001), the heart weight to body weight ratio (HW/BW) was similar, the E/A ratio was higher (1.80 ± 0.47 vs. 1.44 ± 0.26, P < .05), and the left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDd) was significantly lower (2.72 ± 0.51 mm vs.3.54 ± 0.43 mm, P < .001) in the NONO KO mice. We also found excessive matrix deposition in vivo. In vitro, NONO deficiency led to fibroblasts hyperproliferation, while migration was inhibited, which would induce collagen maturation and deposition. Conversely, overexpression of NONO inhibited fibroblasts proliferation and increased migration which reduced collagen deposition. RNA-seq of cardiac fibroblasts further indicated that NONO deficiency upregulated the cell cycle regulators, which included cyclin B2, the origin recognition complex 1 (ORC1) and cell division cycle 6 (CDC6), while downregulated the migration regulators, which included myosins, integrin and coagulation factor II. Overexpression of NONO further verified the effects of these indicators. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that NONO deficiency was associated with developing heart defects in mice. Hyperproliferation of cardiac fibroblasts with dramatically excessive collagen secretion might be the cause of heart defects of NONO KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingli Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Researcdh, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Researcdh, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Researcdh, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Researcdh, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Researcdh, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Xue
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Researcdh, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Researcdh, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Researcdh, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mei Ni
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Researcdh, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Yun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Researcdh, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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