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Mechanical Properties of the Extracellular Environment of Human Brain Cells Drive the Effectiveness of Drugs in Fighting Central Nervous System Cancers. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12070927. [PMID: 35884733 PMCID: PMC9313046 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12070927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The evaluation of nanomechanical properties of tissues in health and disease is of increasing interest to scientists. It has been confirmed that these properties, determined in part by the composition of the extracellular matrix, significantly affect tissue physiology and the biological behavior of cells, mainly in terms of their adhesion, mobility, or ability to mutate. Importantly, pathophysiological changes that determine disease development within the tissue usually result in significant changes in tissue mechanics that might potentially affect the drug efficacy, which is important from the perspective of development of new therapeutics, since most of the currently used in vitro experimental models for drug testing do not account for these properties. Here, we provide a summary of the current understanding of how the mechanical properties of brain tissue change in pathological conditions, and how the activity of the therapeutic agents is linked to this mechanical state.
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Lei HW, Huang BR, Cai J, Li CM, Shang CB, Liao ZY, Wan ZD. CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 enhances therapeutic efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in rats with hepatocellular carcinoma. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2022; 38:781-789. [PMID: 35467082 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to discover the therapeutic effect of chemokine (CXC motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4) antagonist AMD3100 combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in a rat model with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). An orthotopic model of HCC was established and treated with TACE (doxorubicin-lipiodol emulsion) with or without AMD3100. The tumor volume was measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Histopathological changes were detected by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. HCC cell apoptosis was assessed by terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated biotin-16-dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of CD34, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and Ki67. Gene and protein expressions were quantified by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting, respectively. Both TACE and AMD3100 reduced the tumor volume in orthotopic rat model of HCC with the decreased CXCR4 expression in tumor tissues, and the combination had better effect. However, TACE increased the microvessel density (MVD) in HCC tissues of rats, while AMD3100 treatment reduced MVD in HCC tissues. AMD3100 reduced the TACE induced MVD in HCC tissues with the reduction of HIF-1α and VEGF expression. Either AMD3100 or TACE could promote HCC cell apoptosis accompanying by decreased cell proliferation, and their combined use had better therapeutic effects. CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 enhance therapeutic efficacy of TACE in rats with HCC via promoting the HCC cell apoptosis, reducing cell proliferation, and inhibiting MVD, thus reducing tumor volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Wei Lei
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Bi-Run Huang
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Jie Cai
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Ming Li
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Chun-Bo Shang
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yang Liao
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Dong Wan
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Rao S, Thibault B, Peyrard L, Larroque-Lombard AL, Rupp M, Thauvin C, Jean-Claude BJ. Quantitative Analysis of the Potency of Equimolar Two-Drug Combinations and Combi-Molecules Involving Kinase Inhibitors In Vitro: The Concept of Balanced Targeting. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179569. [PMID: 34502481 PMCID: PMC8430702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The median-effect principle proposed by Chou and Talalay is the most effective approach to parameterize interactions between several agents in combination. However, this method cannot be used to evaluate the effectiveness of equimolar drug combinations, which are comparative references for dual-targeting molecular design. Here, using data acquired through the development of “combi-molecules” blocking two kinases (e.g., EGFR-c-Src and EGFR-c-Met), we established potency indices for equimolar and dual-targeted inhibitors. If the fold difference (κ) between the IC50 of the two individual kinase inhibitors was >6, the IC50 of their equimolar combination resembled that of the more potent inhibitor. Hence, the “combi-targeting” of the two kinases was considered “imbalanced” and the combination ineffective. However, if κ ≤ 6, the IC50 of the combination fell below that of each individual drug and the combi-targeting was considered “balanced” and the combination effective. We also showed that combi-molecules should be compared with equimolar combinations only under balanced conditions and propose a new parameter Ω for validating their effectiveness. A multi-targeted drug is effective if Ω < 1, where Ω is defined as the IC50 of the drug divided by that of the corresponding equimolar combination. Our study provides a methodology to determine the in vitro potency of equimolar two-drug combinations as well as combi-/hybrid molecules inhibiting two different kinase targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benoît Thibault
- Correspondence: (B.T.); (B.J.J.-C.); Tel.: +1-514-934-1934 (ext. 35841) (B.J.J.-C.)
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Bolcaen J, Kleynhans J, Nair S, Verhoeven J, Goethals I, Sathekge M, Vandevoorde C, Ebenhan T. A perspective on the radiopharmaceutical requirements for imaging and therapy of glioblastoma. Theranostics 2021; 11:7911-7947. [PMID: 34335972 PMCID: PMC8315062 DOI: 10.7150/thno.56639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous clinical trials and pre-clinical developments, the treatment of glioblastoma (GB) remains a challenge. The current survival rate of GB averages one year, even with an optimal standard of care. However, the future promises efficient patient-tailored treatments, including targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). Advances in radiopharmaceutical development have unlocked the possibility to assess disease at the molecular level allowing individual diagnosis. This leads to the possibility of choosing a tailored, targeted approach for therapeutic modalities. Therapeutic modalities based on radiopharmaceuticals are an exciting development with great potential to promote a personalised approach to medicine. However, an effective targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) for the treatment of GB entails caveats and requisites. This review provides an overview of existing nuclear imaging and TRT strategies for GB. A critical discussion of the optimal characteristics for new GB targeting therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals and clinical indications are provided. Considerations for target selection are discussed, i.e. specific presence of the target, expression level and pharmacological access to the target, with particular attention to blood-brain barrier crossing. An overview of the most promising radionuclides is given along with a validation of the relevant radiopharmaceuticals and theranostic agents (based on small molecules, peptides and monoclonal antibodies). Moreover, toxicity issues and safety pharmacology aspects will be presented, both in general and for the brain in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bolcaen
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Janke Kleynhans
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure NPC, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear Medicine Department, University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Shankari Nair
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Ingeborg Goethals
- Ghent University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mike Sathekge
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure NPC, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear Medicine Department, University of Pretoria and Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Charlot Vandevoorde
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure NPC, Pretoria, South Africa
- Nuclear Medicine Department, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Bolcaen J, Nair S, Driver CHS, Boshomane TMG, Ebenhan T, Vandevoorde C. Novel Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Pathway Inhibitors for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Glioblastoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:626. [PMID: 34209513 PMCID: PMC8308832 DOI: 10.3390/ph14070626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) remains the most fatal brain tumor characterized by a high infiltration rate and treatment resistance. Overexpression and/or mutation of receptor tyrosine kinases is common in GB, which subsequently leads to the activation of many downstream pathways that have a critical impact on tumor progression and therapy resistance. Therefore, receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKIs) have been investigated to improve the dismal prognosis of GB in an effort to evolve into a personalized targeted therapy strategy with a better treatment outcome. Numerous RTKIs have been approved in the clinic and several radiopharmaceuticals are part of (pre)clinical trials as a non-invasive method to identify patients who could benefit from RTKI. The latter opens up the scope for theranostic applications. In this review, the present status of RTKIs for the treatment, nuclear imaging and targeted radionuclide therapy of GB is presented. The focus will be on seven tyrosine kinase receptors, based on their central role in GB: EGFR, VEGFR, MET, PDGFR, FGFR, Eph receptor and IGF1R. Finally, by way of analyzing structural and physiological characteristics of the TKIs with promising clinical trial results, four small molecule RTKIs were selected based on their potential to become new therapeutic GB radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bolcaen
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa;
| | - Shankari Nair
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa;
| | - Cathryn H. S. Driver
- Radiochemistry, South African Nuclear Energy Corporation, Pelindaba, Brits 0240, South Africa;
- Pre-Clinical Imaging Facility, Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, Pelindaba, Brits 0242, South Africa;
| | - Tebatso M. G. Boshomane
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Thomas Ebenhan
- Pre-Clinical Imaging Facility, Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure, Pelindaba, Brits 0242, South Africa;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Preclinical Drug Development Platform, Department of Science and Technology, North West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa
| | - Charlot Vandevoorde
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town 7131, South Africa;
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Zhao HF, Wu CP, Zhou XM, Diao PY, Xu YW, Liu J, Wang J, Huang XJ, Liu WL, Chen ZP, Huang GD, Li WP. Synergism between the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p110β isoform inhibitor AZD6482 and the mixed lineage kinase 3 inhibitor URMC-099 on the blockade of glioblastoma cell motility and focal adhesion formation. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:24. [PMID: 33407478 PMCID: PMC7789614 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01728-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma multiforme, the most aggressive and malignant primary brain tumor, is characterized by rapid growth and extensive infiltration to neighboring normal brain parenchyma. Our previous studies delineated a crosstalk between PI3K/Akt and JNK signaling pathways, and a moderate anti-glioblastoma synergism caused by the combined inhibition of PI3K p110β (PI3Kβ) isoform and JNK. However, this combination strategy is not potent enough. MLK3, an upstream regulator of ERK and JNK, may replace JNK to exert stronger synergism with PI3Kβ. Methods To develop a new combination strategy with stronger synergism, the expression pattern and roles of MLK3 in glioblastoma patient’s specimens and cell lines were firstly investigated. Then glioblastoma cells and xenografts in nude mice were treated with the PI3Kβ inhibitor AZD6482 and the MLK3 inhibitor URMC-099 alone or in combination to evaluate their combination effects on tumor cell growth and motility. The combination effects on cytoskeletal structures such as lamellipodia and focal adhesions were also evaluated. Results MLK3 protein was overexpressed in both newly diagnosed and relapsing glioblastoma patients’ specimens. Silencing of MLK3 using siRNA duplexes significantly suppressed migration and invasion, but promoted attachment of glioblastoma cells. Combined inhibition of PI3Kβ and MLK3 exhibited synergistic inhibitory effects on glioblastoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as the formation of lamellipodia and focal adhesions. Furthermore, combination of AZD6482 and URMC-099 effectively decreased glioblastoma xenograft growth in nude mice. Glioblastoma cells treated with this drug combination showed reduced phosphorylation of Akt and ERK, and decreased protein expression of ROCK2 and Zyxin. Conclusion Taken together, combination of AZD6482 and URMC-099 showed strong synergistic anti-tumor effects on glioblastoma in vitro and in vivo. Our findings suggest that combined inhibition of PI3Kβ and MLK3 may serve as an attractive therapeutic approach for glioblastoma multiforme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Fu Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Chang-Peng Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Longhua District, Shenzhen, 518109, China
| | - Xiu-Ming Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China.,Epilepsy Center, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, 510510, China
| | - Peng-Yu Diao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Yan-Wen Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xian-Jian Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Wen-Lan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Zhong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Guo-Dong Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Wei-Ping Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China.
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Almahariq MF, Quinn TJ, Kesarwani P, Kant S, Miller CR, Chinnaiyan P. Inhibition of Colony-Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor Enhances the Efficacy of Radiotherapy and Reduces Immune Suppression in Glioblastoma. In Vivo 2021; 35:119-129. [PMID: 33402457 PMCID: PMC7880776 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To use inhibition of colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) to target tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and improve the efficacy of radiotherapy in glioblastoma (GBM). MATERIALS AND METHODS The CSF-1R inhibitor BLZ-945 was used to examine the impact of CSF-1R inhibition on M2 polarization in vitro. Using an orthotopic, immunocompetent GBM model, mice were treated with vehicle, RT, BLZ-945, or RT plus BLZ-945. RESULTS BLZ-945 reduced M2 polarization in vitro. BLZ-945 alone did not improve median overall survival (mOS=29 days) compared to control mice (mOS=27 days). RT improved survival (mOS=45 days; p=0.02), while RT plus BLZ-945 led to the longest survival (mOS=not reached; p=0.005). Resected tumors had a relatively large population of M2 TAMs in GBM at baseline, which was increased in response to RT. BLZ-945 reduced RT-induced M2 infiltration. CONCLUSION Inhibition of CSF-1R improved response to RT in the treatment of GBM and may represent a promising strategy to improve RT-induced antitumor immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas J Quinn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, U.S.A
| | - Pravin Kesarwani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, U.S.A
| | - Shiva Kant
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, U.S.A
| | - C Ryan Miller
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, Comprehensive Neuroscience Center, University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, U.S.A
| | - Prakash Chinnaiyan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, U.S.A.;
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, U.S.A
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Olubajo F, Achawal S, Greenman J. Development of a Microfluidic Culture Paradigm for Ex Vivo Maintenance of Human Glioblastoma Tissue: A New Glioblastoma Model? Transl Oncol 2019; 13:1-10. [PMID: 31726354 PMCID: PMC6854064 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: One way to overcome the genetic and molecular variations within glioblastoma is to treat each tumour on an individual basis. To facilitate this, we have developed a microfluidic culture paradigm that maintains human glioblastoma tissue ex vivo. METHODS: The assembled device, fabricated using a photolithographic process, is composed of two layers of glass bonded together to contain a tissue chamber and a network of microchannels that allow continued tissue perfusion. RESULTS: A total of 128 tissue biopsies (from 33 patients) were maintained in microfluidic devices for an average of 72 hours. Tissue viability (measured with Annexin V and propidium iodide) was 61.1% in tissue maintained on chip compared with 68.9% for fresh tissue analysed at commencement of the experiments. Other biomarkers, including lactate dehydrogenase absorbance and trypan blue exclusion, supported the viability of the tissue maintained on chip. Histological appearances remained unchanged during the tissue maintenance period, and immunohistochemical analysis of Ki67 and caspase 3 showed no significant differences when compared with fresh tissues. A trend showed that tumours associated with poorer outcomes (recurrent tumours and Isocitrate Dehydrogenase - IDH wildtype) displayed higher viability on chip than tumours linked with improved outcomes (low-grade gliomas, IDH mutants and primary tumours). conclusions: This work has demonstrated for the first time that human glioblastoma tissue can be successfully maintained within a microfluidic device and has the potential to be developed as a new platform for studying the biology of brain tumours, with the long-term aim of replacing current preclinical GBM models and facilitating personalised treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farouk Olubajo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals, Hull Royal Infirmary, Anlaby Road, Hull, HU3 2JZ, UK.
| | - Shailendra Achawal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals, Hull Royal Infirmary, Anlaby Road, Hull, HU3 2JZ, UK
| | - John Greenman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
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NFATc3 controls tumour growth by regulating proliferation and migration of human astroglioma cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9361. [PMID: 31249342 PMCID: PMC6597574 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45731-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium/Calcineurin/Nuclear Factor of Activated T cells (Ca/CN/NFAT) signalling pathway is the main calcium (Ca2+) dependent signalling pathway involved in the homeostasis of brain tissue. Here, we study the presence of NFATc members in human glioma by using U251 cells and a collection of primary human glioblastoma (hGB) cell lines. We show that NFATc3 member is the predominant member. Furthermore, by using constitutive active NFATc3 mutant and shRNA lentiviral vectors to achieve specific silencing of this NFATc member, we describe cytokines and molecules regulated by this pathway which are required for the normal biology of cancer cells. Implanting U251 in an orthotopic intracranial assay, we show that specific NFATc3 silencing has a role in tumour growth. In addition NFATc3 knock-down affects both the proliferation and migration capacities of glioma cells in vitro. Our data open the possibility of NFATc3 as a target for the treatment of glioma.
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Eckerdt F, Bell JB, Beauchamp EM, Clymer J, Blyth GT, Kosciuczuk EM, Ma Q, Chen DZ, Horbinski C, Goldman S, Munshi HG, Hashizume R, Platanias LC. Potent Antineoplastic Effects of Combined PI3Kα-MNK Inhibition in Medulloblastoma. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1305-1315. [PMID: 30842251 PMCID: PMC6548590 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-1193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is a highly malignant pediatric brain tumor associated with poor outcome. Developing treatments that target the cancer stem cell (CSC) population in medulloblastoma are important to prevent tumor relapse and induce long-lasting clinical responses. We utilized medulloblastoma neurospheres that display CSC characteristics and found activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in sphere-forming cells. Of all class IA PI3Ks, only the PI3Kα isoform was required for sphere formation by medulloblastoma cells. Knockdown of p110α, but not p110β or p110δ, significantly disrupted cancer stem cell frequencies as determined by extreme limiting dilution analysis (ELDA), indicating an essential role for the PI3Kα catalytic isoform in medulloblastoma CSCs. Importantly, pharmacologic inhibition of the MAPK-interacting kinase (MNK) enhanced the antineoplastic effects of targeted PI3Kα inhibition in medulloblastoma. This indicates that MNK signaling promotes survival in medulloblastoma, suggesting dual PI3Kα and MNK inhibition may provide a novel approach to target and eliminate medulloblastoma CSCs. We also observed a significant reduction in tumor formation in subcutaneous and intracranial mouse xenograft models, which further suggests that this combinatorial approach may represent an efficient therapeutic strategy for medulloblastoma. IMPLICATIONS: These findings raise the possibility of a unique therapeutic approach for medulloblastoma, involving MNK targeting to sensitize medulloblastoma CSCs to PI3Kα inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Eckerdt
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jonathan B Bell
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Elspeth M Beauchamp
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Medicine Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jessica Clymer
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gavin T Blyth
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ewa M Kosciuczuk
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Medicine Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Quanhong Ma
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David Z Chen
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Stewart Goldman
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hidayatullah G Munshi
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Medicine Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rintaro Hashizume
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Leonidas C Platanias
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Medicine Service, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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de Gooijer MC, Zhang P, Buil LCM, Çitirikkaya CH, Thota N, Beijnen JH, van Tellingen O. Buparlisib is a brain penetrable pan-PI3K inhibitor. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10784. [PMID: 30018387 PMCID: PMC6050274 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29062-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterization of the genomic landscapes of intracranial tumours has revealed a clear role for the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway in tumorigenesis and tumour maintenance of these malignancies, making phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibition a promising therapeutic strategy for these tumours. Buparlisib is a novel pan-PI3K inhibitor that is currently in clinical development for various cancers, including primary and secondary brain tumours. Importantly however, earlier studies have revealed that sufficient brain penetration is a prerequisite for antitumor efficacy against intracranial tumours. We therefore investigated the brain penetration of buparlisib using a comprehensive set of in vitro and in vivo mouse models. We demonstrate that buparlisib has an excellent brain penetration that is unaffected by efflux transporters at the blood-brain barrier, complete oral bioavailability and efficient intracranial target inhibition at clinically achievable plasma concentrations. Together, these characteristics make buparlisib the ideal candidate for intracranially-targeted therapeutic strategies that involve PI3K inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ping Zhang
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road 107, 250012, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Levi C M Buil
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ceren H Çitirikkaya
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nishita Thota
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute / MC Slotervaart Hospital, Louwesweg 6, 1066 EC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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12
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McNeill RS, Stroobant EE, Smithberger E, Canoutas DA, Butler MK, Shelton AK, Patel SD, Limas JC, Skinner KR, Bash RE, Schmid RS, Miller CR. PIK3CA missense mutations promote glioblastoma pathogenesis, but do not enhance targeted PI3K inhibition. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200014. [PMID: 29975751 PMCID: PMC6033446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common adult primary brain tumor. Multimodal treatment is empiric and prognosis remains poor. Recurrent PIK3CA missense mutations (PIK3CAmut) in GBM are restricted to three functional domains: adaptor binding (ABD), helical, and kinase. Defining how these mutations influence gliomagenesis and response to kinase inhibitors may aid in the clinical development of novel targeted therapies in biomarker-stratified patients. Methods We used normal human astrocytes immortalized via expression of hTERT, E6, and E7 (NHA). We selected two PIK3CAmut from each of 3 mutated domains and induced their expression in NHA with (NHARAS) and without mutant RAS using lentiviral vectors. We then examined the role of PIK3CAmut in gliomagenesis in vitro and in mice, as well as response to targeted PI3K (PI3Ki) and MEK (MEKi) inhibitors in vitro. Results PIK3CAmut, particularly helical and kinase domain mutations, potentiated proximal PI3K signaling and migration of NHA and NHARASin vitro. Only kinase domain mutations promoted NHA colony formation, but both helical and kinase domain mutations promoted NHARAS tumorigenesis in vivo. PIK3CAmut status had minimal effects on PI3Ki and MEKi efficacy. However, PI3Ki/MEKi synergism was pronounced in NHA and NHARAS harboring ABD or helical mutations. Conclusion PIK3CAmut promoted differential gliomagenesis based on the mutated domain. While PIK3CAmut did not influence sensitivity to single agent PI3Ki, they did alter PI3Ki/MEKi synergism. Taken together, our results demonstrate that a subset of PIK3CAmut promote tumorigenesis and suggest that patients with helical domain mutations may be most sensitive to dual PI3Ki/MEKi treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S McNeill
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Emily E Stroobant
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Erin Smithberger
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Demitra A Canoutas
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Madison K Butler
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Abigail K Shelton
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Shrey D Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Juanita C Limas
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Kasey R Skinner
- Neurosciences Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Ryan E Bash
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Ralf S Schmid
- Neurosciences Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - C Ryan Miller
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America.,Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America.,Neurosciences Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America.,Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America.,Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America.,Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
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13
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McNeill RS, Canoutas DA, Stuhlmiller TJ, Dhruv HD, Irvin DM, Bash RE, Angus SP, Herring LE, Simon JM, Skinner KR, Limas JC, Chen X, Schmid RS, Siegel MB, Van Swearingen AED, Hadler MJ, Sulman EP, Sarkaria JN, Anders CK, Graves LM, Berens ME, Johnson GL, Miller CR. Combination therapy with potent PI3K and MAPK inhibitors overcomes adaptive kinome resistance to single agents in preclinical models of glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2018; 19:1469-1480. [PMID: 28379424 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor. Prognosis remains poor despite multimodal therapy. Developing alternative treatments is essential. Drugs targeting kinases within the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) effectors of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling represent promising candidates. Methods We previously developed a non-germline genetically engineered mouse model of GBM in which PI3K and MAPK are activated via Pten deletion and KrasG12D in immortalized astrocytes. Using this model, we examined the influence of drug potency on target inhibition, alternate pathway activation, efficacy, and synergism of single agent and combination therapy with inhibitors of these 2 pathways. Efficacy was then examined in GBM patient-derived xenografts (PDX) in vitro and in vivo. Results PI3K and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor potency was directly associated with target inhibition, alternate RTK effector activation, and efficacy in mutant murine astrocytes in vitro. The kinomes of GBM PDX and tumor samples were heterogeneous, with a subset of the latter harboring MAPK hyperactivation. Dual PI3K/MEK inhibitor treatment overcame alternate effector activation, was synergistic in vitro, and was more effective than single agent therapy in subcutaneous murine allografts. However, efficacy in orthotopic allografts was minimal. This was likely due to dose-limiting toxicity and incomplete target inhibition. Conclusion Drug potency influences PI3K/MEK inhibitor-induced target inhibition, adaptive kinome reprogramming, efficacy, and synergy. Our findings suggest that combination therapies with highly potent, brain-penetrant kinase inhibitors will be required to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S McNeill
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Demitra A Canoutas
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Timothy J Stuhlmiller
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Harshil D Dhruv
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - David M Irvin
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ryan E Bash
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Steven P Angus
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Laura E Herring
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jeremy M Simon
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kasey R Skinner
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Juanita C Limas
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xin Chen
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ralf S Schmid
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Marni B Siegel
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Amanda E D Van Swearingen
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael J Hadler
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Carey K Anders
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lee M Graves
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael E Berens
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Gary L Johnson
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - C Ryan Miller
- Pathobiology and Translational Science Graduate Program, Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, Medicine, and Neurology, Divisions of Neuropathology and Hematology/Oncology, Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Proteomics Core Facility, Neurosciences Center, Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, and Biological and Biomedical Sciences Program, University of North Carolina (UNC) School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Cancer & Cell Biology Division, TGen, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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14
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Fan K, Jia X, Zhou M, Wang K, Conde J, He J, Tian J, Yan X. Ferritin Nanocarrier Traverses the Blood Brain Barrier and Kills Glioma. ACS NANO 2018; 12:4105-4115. [PMID: 29608290 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b06969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decades, considerable efforts have been put into developing active nanocarrier systems that cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) to treat brain-related diseases such as glioma tumors. However, to date none have been approved for clinical usage. Here, we show that a human H-ferritin (HFn) nanocarrier both successfully crosses the BBB and kills glioma tumor cells. Its principle point of entry is the HFn receptor (transferrin receptor 1), which is overexpressed in both BBB endothelial cells (ECs) and glioma cells. Importantly, we found that HFn enters and exits the BBB via the endosome compartment. In contrast, upon specifically targeting and entering glioma cells, nearly all of the HFn accumulated in the lysosomal compartment, resulting in the killing of glioma tumor cells, with no HFn accumulation in the surrounding healthy brain tissue. Thus, HFn is an ideal nanocarrier for glioma therapy and possesses the potential to serve as a therapeutic approach against a broad range of central nervous system diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/chemistry
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Blood-Brain Barrier/drug effects
- Blood-Brain Barrier/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Doxorubicin/chemistry
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Drug Carriers/pharmacokinetics
- Drug Carriers/therapeutic use
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Ferritins/pharmacokinetics
- Ferritins/therapeutic use
- Glioma/drug therapy
- Glioma/pathology
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Nanoparticles/metabolism
- Nanoparticles/therapeutic use
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, CAS-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
| | - Xiaohua Jia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, CAS-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19A Yuquan Road , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Kun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - João Conde
- School of Engineering and Materials Science , Queen Mary University of London , London E1 4NS , U.K
| | - Jiuyang He
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, CAS-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
| | - Jie Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Xiyun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, CAS-University of Tokyo Joint Laboratory of Structural Virology and Immunology , Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19A Yuquan Road , Beijing 100049 , China
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15
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Hyder F, Manjura Hoque S. Brain Tumor Diagnostics and Therapeutics with Superparamagnetic Ferrite Nanoparticles. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2017; 2017:6387217. [PMID: 29375280 PMCID: PMC5742516 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6387217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ferrite nanoparticles (F-NPs) can transform both cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. Superparamagnetic F-NPs exhibit high magnetic moment and susceptibility such that in presence of a static magnetic field transverse relaxation rate of water protons for MRI contrast is augmented to locate F-NPs (i.e., diagnostics) and exposed to an alternating magnetic field local temperature is increased to induce tissue necrosis (i.e., thermotherapy). F-NPs are modified by chemical synthesis of mixed spinel ferrites as well as their size, shape, and coating. Purposely designed drug-containing nanoparticles (D-NPs) can slowly deliver drugs (i.e., chemotherapy). Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) of D-NPs with MRI guidance improves glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment. MRI monitors the location of chemotherapy when D-NPs and F-NPs are coadministered with CED. However superparamagnetic field gradients produced by F-NPs complicate MRI readouts (spatial distortions) and MRS (extensive line broadening). Since extracellular pH (pHe) is a cancer hallmark, pHe imaging is needed to screen cancer treatments. Biosensor imaging of redundant deviation in shifts (BIRDS) extrapolates pHe from paramagnetically shifted signals and the pHe accuracy remains unaffected by F-NPs. Hence effect of both chemotherapy and thermotherapy can be monitored (by BIRDS), whereas location of F-NPs is revealed (by MRI). Smarter tethering of nanoparticles and agents will impact GBM theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahmeed Hyder
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - S. Manjura Hoque
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Materials Science Division, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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16
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de Gooijer MC, Zhang P, Weijer R, Buil LCM, Beijnen JH, van Tellingen O. The impact of P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein on the brain pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a panel of MEK inhibitors. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:381-391. [PMID: 28921565 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitogen/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) inhibitors have been tested in clinical trials for treatment of intracranial neoplasms, including glioblastoma (GBM), but efficacy of these drugs has not yet been demonstrated. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major impediment to adequate delivery of drugs into the brain and may thereby also limit the successful implementation of MEK inhibitors against intracranial malignancies. The BBB is equipped with a range of ATP-dependent efflux transport proteins, of which P-gp (ABCB1) and BCRP (ABCG2) are the two most dominant for drug efflux from the brain. We investigated their impact on the pharmacokinetics and target engagement of a panel of clinically applied MEK inhibitors, in order to select the most promising candidate for brain cancers in the context of clinical pharmacokinetics and inhibitor characteristics. To this end, we used in vitro drug transport assays and conducted pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies in wildtype and ABC-transporter knockout mice. PD0325901 displayed more promising characteristics than trametinib (GSK1120212), binimetinib (MEK162), selumetinib (AZD6244), and pimasertib (AS703026): PD0325901 was the weakest substrate of P-gp and BCRP in vitro, its brain penetration was only marginally higher in Abcb1a/b;Abcg2-/- mice, and efficient target inhibition in the brain could be achieved at clinically relevant plasma levels. Notably, target inhibition could also be demonstrated for selumetinib, but only at plasma levels far above levels in patients receiving the maximum tolerated dose. In summary, our study recommends further development of PD0325901 for the treatment of intracranial neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C de Gooijer
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands
| | - Ping Zhang
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road 107, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruud Weijer
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands
| | - Levi C M Buil
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands.,Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/MC Slotervaart Hospital, Louwesweg 6, Amsterdam, 1066, EC, The Netherlands.,Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, Utrecht, 3584, CG, The Netherlands
| | - Olaf van Tellingen
- Division of Pharmacology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands.,Mouse Cancer Clinic, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, 1066, CX, The Netherlands
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17
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Meel MH, Sewing ACP, Waranecki P, Metselaar DS, Wedekind LE, Koster J, van Vuurden DG, Kaspers GJL, Hulleman E. Culture methods of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma cells determine response to targeted therapies. Exp Cell Res 2017; 360:397-403. [PMID: 28947132 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is an aggressive type of brainstem cancer occurring mainly in children, for which there currently is no effective therapy. Current efforts to develop novel therapeutics for this tumor make use of primary cultures of DIPG cells, maintained either as adherent monolayer in serum containing medium, or as neurospheres in serum-free medium. In this manuscript, we demonstrate that the response of DIPG cells to targeted therapies in vitro is mainly determined by the culture conditions. We show that particular culture conditions induce the activation of different receptor tyrosine kinases and signal transduction pathways, as well as major changes in gene expression profiles of DIPG cells in culture. These differences correlate strongly with the observed discrepancies in response to targeted therapies of DIPG cells cultured as either adherent monolayers or neurospheres. With this research, we provide an argument for the concurrent use of both culture conditions to avoid false positive and false negative results due to the chosen method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël H Meel
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - A Charlotte P Sewing
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Piotr Waranecki
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Dennis S Metselaar
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Laurine E Wedekind
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan Koster
- Department of Oncogenomics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Dannis G van Vuurden
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Gertjan J L Kaspers
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584CT Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Esther Hulleman
- Departments of Pediatric Oncology / Hematology, Neuro-oncology Research Group, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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18
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Zhao HF, Wang J, Shao W, Wu CP, Chen ZP, To SST, Li WP. Recent advances in the use of PI3K inhibitors for glioblastoma multiforme: current preclinical and clinical development. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:100. [PMID: 28592260 PMCID: PMC5463420 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant primary tumor in the central nervous system. One of the most widely used chemotherapeutic drugs for GBM is temozolomide, which is a DNA-alkylating agent and its efficacy is dependent on MGMT methylation status. Little progress in improving the prognosis of GBM patients has been made in the past ten years, urging the development of more effective molecular targeted therapies. Hyper-activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway is frequently found in a variety of cancers including GBM, and it plays a central role in the regulation of tumor cell survival, growth, motility, angiogenesis and metabolism. Numerous PI3K inhibitors including pan-PI3K, isoform-selective and dual PI3K/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors have exhibited favorable preclinical results and entered clinical trials in a range of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. Furthermore, combination of inhibitors targeting PI3K and other related pathways may exert synergism on suppressing tumor growth and improving patients' prognosis. Currently, only a handful of PI3K inhibitors are in phase I/II clinical trials for GBM treatment. In this review, we focus on the importance of PI3K/Akt pathway in GBM, and summarize the current development of PI3K inhibitors alone or in combination with other inhibitors for GBM treatment from preclinical to clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-fu Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035 China
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060 China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060 China
| | - Wei Shao
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chang-peng Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035 China
- College of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Zhong-ping Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060 China
| | - Shing-shun Tony To
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei-ping Li
- Department of Neurosurgery & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035 China
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19
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Metabolomics of Therapy Response in Preclinical Glioblastoma: A Multi-Slice MRSI-Based Volumetric Analysis for Noninvasive Assessment of Temozolomide Treatment. Metabolites 2017; 7:metabo7020020. [PMID: 28524099 PMCID: PMC5487991 DOI: 10.3390/metabo7020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, with a short survival time even after aggressive therapy. Non-invasive surrogate biomarkers of therapy response may be relevant for improving patient survival. Previous work produced such biomarkers in preclinical GBM using semi-supervised source extraction and single-slice Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI). Nevertheless, GBMs are heterogeneous and single-slice studies could prevent obtaining relevant information. The purpose of this work was to evaluate whether a multi-slice MRSI approach, acquiring consecutive grids across the tumor, is feasible for preclinical models and may produce additional insight into therapy response. Nosological images were analyzed pixel-by-pixel and a relative responding volume, the Tumor Responding Index (TRI), was defined to quantify response. Heterogeneous response levels were observed and treated animals were ascribed to three arbitrary predefined groups: high response (HR, n = 2), TRI = 68.2 ± 2.8%, intermediate response (IR, n = 6), TRI = 41.1 ± 4.2% and low response (LR, n = 2), TRI = 13.4 ± 14.3%, producing therapy response categorization which had not been fully registered in single-slice studies. Results agreed with the multi-slice approach being feasible and producing an inverse correlation between TRI and Ki67 immunostaining. Additionally, ca. 7-day oscillations of TRI were observed, suggesting that host immune system activation in response to treatment could contribute to the responding patterns detected.
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20
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Shannon S, Jia D, Entersz I, Beelen P, Yu M, Carcione C, Carcione J, Mahtabfar A, Vaca C, Weaver M, Shreiber D, Zahn JD, Liu L, Lin H, Foty RA. Inhibition of glioblastoma dispersal by the MEK inhibitor PD0325901. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:121. [PMID: 28187762 PMCID: PMC5303286 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3107-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dispersal of glioblastoma (GBM) cells leads to recurrence and poor prognosis. Accordingly, molecular pathways involved in dispersal are potential therapeutic targets. The mitogen activated protein kinase/extracellular signal regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) pathway is commonly dysregulated in GBM, and targeting this pathway with MEK inhibitors has proven effective in controlling tumor growth. Since this pathway also regulates ECM remodeling and actin organization − processes crucial to cell adhesion, substrate attachment, and cell motility – the aim of this study was to determine whether inhibiting this pathway could also impede dispersal. Methods A variety of methods were used to quantify the effects of the MEK inhibitor, PD0325901, on potential regulators of dispersal. Cohesion, stiffness and viscosity were quantified using a method based on ellipsoid relaxation after removal of a deforming external force. Attachment strength, cell motility, spheroid dispersal velocity, and 3D growth rate were quantified using previously described methods. Results We show that PD0325901 significantly increases aggregate cohesion, stiffness, and viscosity but only when tumor cells have access to high concentrations of fibronectin. Treatment also results in reorganization of actin from cortical into stress fibers, in both 2D and 3D culture. Moreover, drug treatment localized pFAK at sites of cell-substratum adhesion. Collectively, these changes resulted in increased strength of substrate attachment and decreased motility, a decrease in aggregate dispersal velocity, and in a marked decrease in growth rate of both 2D and 3D cultures. Conclusions Inhibition of the MAPK/ERK pathway by PD0325901 may be an effective therapy for reducing dispersal and growth of GBM cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3107-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Shannon
- Department of Surgery-Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Clinical Academic Building, 125 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Dongxuan Jia
- Department of Surgery-Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Clinical Academic Building, 125 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Ildiko Entersz
- Department of Surgery-Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Clinical Academic Building, 125 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Paul Beelen
- Department of Surgery-Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Clinical Academic Building, 125 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Miao Yu
- Rutgers-Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, 98 Brett Rd, Piscataway Township, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Christian Carcione
- Department of Surgery-Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Clinical Academic Building, 125 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Jonathan Carcione
- Department of Surgery-Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Clinical Academic Building, 125 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Aria Mahtabfar
- Department of Surgery-Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Clinical Academic Building, 125 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Connan Vaca
- Department of Surgery-Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Clinical Academic Building, 125 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Michael Weaver
- Department of Surgery-Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Clinical Academic Building, 125 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - David Shreiber
- Rutgers-Department of Biomedical Engineering, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Zahn
- Rutgers-Department of Biomedical Engineering, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Liping Liu
- Rutgers-Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, 98 Brett Rd, Piscataway Township, NJ, 08854, USA.,Rutgers-Department of Mathematics, 110 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Hao Lin
- Rutgers-Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, 98 Brett Rd, Piscataway Township, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Ramsey A Foty
- Department of Surgery-Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Clinical Academic Building, 125 Paterson Street, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
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21
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Abstract
Primary brain tumors, particularly glioblastoma, are associated with significant morbidity and are often recalcitrant to standard therapies. In recent years, brain tumors have been the focus of large-scale genomic sequencing efforts, providing unprecedented insight into the genomic aberrations and cellular signaling mechanisms that drive these cancers. Discoveries from these efforts have translated into novel diagnostic algorithms, biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies in Neuro-Oncology. However, the cellular mechanisms that drive brain tumors are heterogeneous and complex: applying this new knowledge to improve patient outcomes remains a challenge. Efforts to characterize and target these molecular vulnerabilities are evolving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Harrison
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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22
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Doll S, Urisman A, Oses-Prieto JA, Arnott D, Burlingame AL. Quantitative Proteomics Reveals Fundamental Regulatory Differences in Oncogenic HRAS and Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH1) Driven Astrocytoma. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:39-56. [PMID: 27834733 PMCID: PMC5217781 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.063883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiformes (GBMs) are high-grade astrocytomas and the most common brain malignancies. Primary GBMs are often associated with disturbed RAS signaling, and expression of oncogenic HRAS results in a malignant phenotype in glioma cell lines. Secondary GBMs arise from lower-grade astrocytomas, have slower progression than primary tumors, and contain IDH1 mutations in over 70% of cases. Despite significant amount of accumulating genomic and transcriptomic data, the fundamental mechanistic differences of gliomagenesis in these two types of high-grade astrocytoma remain poorly understood. Only a few studies have attempted to investigate the proteome, phosphorylation signaling, and epigenetic regulation in astrocytoma. In the present study, we applied quantitative phosphoproteomics to identify the main signaling differences between oncogenic HRAS and mutant IDH1-driven glioma cells as models of primary and secondary GBM, respectively. Our analysis confirms the driving roles of the MAPK and PI3K/mTOR signaling pathways in HRAS driven cells and additionally uncovers dysregulation of other signaling pathways. Although a subset of the signaling changes mediated by HRAS could be reversed by a MEK inhibitor, dual inhibition of MEK and PI3K resulted in more complete reversal of the phosphorylation patterns produced by HRAS expression. In contrast, cells expressing mutant IDH1 did not show significant activation of MAPK or PI3K/mTOR pathways. Instead, global downregulation of protein expression was observed. Targeted proteomic analysis of histone modifications identified significant histone methylation, acetylation, and butyrylation changes in the mutant IDH1 expressing cells, consistent with a global transcriptional repressive state. Our findings offer novel mechanistic insight linking mutant IDH1 associated inhibition of histone demethylases with specific histone modification changes to produce global transcriptional repression in secondary glioblastoma. Our proteomic datasets are available for download and provide a comprehensive catalogue of alterations in protein abundance, phosphorylation, and histone modifications in oncogenic HRAS and IDH1 driven astrocytoma cells beyond the transcriptomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Doll
- From the ‡Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 94158-2517 California
| | - Anatoly Urisman
- From the ‡Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 94158-2517 California
| | - Juan A Oses-Prieto
- From the ‡Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 94158-2517 California
| | - David Arnott
- §Department of Protein Chemistry, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, 94158-2517 California
| | - Alma L Burlingame
- From the ‡Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 94158-2517 California;
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23
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LeBlanc AK, Mazcko C, Brown DE, Koehler JW, Miller AD, Miller CR, Bentley RT, Packer RA, Breen M, Boudreau CE, Levine JM, Simpson RM, Halsey C, Kisseberth W, Rossmeisl JH, Dickinson PJ, Fan TM, Corps K, Aldape K, Puduvalli V, Pluhar GE, Gilbert MR. Creation of an NCI comparative brain tumor consortium: informing the translation of new knowledge from canine to human brain tumor patients. Neuro Oncol 2016; 18:1209-18. [PMID: 27179361 PMCID: PMC4999002 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
On September 14-15, 2015, a meeting of clinicians and investigators in the fields of veterinary and human neuro-oncology, clinical trials, neuropathology, and drug development was convened at the National Institutes of Health campus in Bethesda, Maryland. This meeting served as the inaugural event launching a new consortium focused on improving the knowledge, development of, and access to naturally occurring canine brain cancer, specifically glioma, as a model for human disease. Within the meeting, a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) assessment was undertaken to critically evaluate the role that naturally occurring canine brain tumors could have in advancing this aspect of comparative oncology aimed at improving outcomes for dogs and human beings. A summary of this meeting and subsequent discussion are provided to inform the scientific and clinical community of the potential for this initiative. Canine and human comparisons represent an unprecedented opportunity to complement conventional brain tumor research paradigms, addressing a devastating disease for which innovative diagnostic and treatment strategies are clearly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy K LeBlanc
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - Christina Mazcko
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - Diane E Brown
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - Jennifer W Koehler
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - Andrew D Miller
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - C Ryan Miller
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - R Timothy Bentley
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - Rebecca A Packer
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - Matthew Breen
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - C Elizabeth Boudreau
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - Jonathan M Levine
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - R Mark Simpson
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - Charles Halsey
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - William Kisseberth
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - John H Rossmeisl
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - Peter J Dickinson
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - Timothy M Fan
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - Kara Corps
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - Kenneth Aldape
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - Vinay Puduvalli
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - G Elizabeth Pluhar
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (A.K.L, C.M.); American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina (D.E.B); Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama (J.W.K); Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York (A.D.M); Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (C.R.M); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana (R.T.B); Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado , (R.A.P); Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina (M.B.); Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas (J.M.L, C.E.B); Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (R.M.S, C.H.); Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio , (W.K.); Veterinary and Comparative Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia (J.H.R); Department of Surgery and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California (P.J.D); Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (T.M.F); National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland (K.C., M.R.G); De
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24
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Ciezka M, Acosta M, Herranz C, Canals JM, Pumarola M, Candiota AP, Arús C. Development of a transplantable glioma tumour model from genetically engineered mice: MRI/MRS/MRSI characterisation. J Neurooncol 2016; 129:67-76. [PMID: 27324642 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-016-2164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The initial aim of this study was to generate a transplantable glial tumour model of low-intermediate grade by disaggregation of a spontaneous tumour mass from genetically engineered models (GEM). This should result in an increased tumour incidence in comparison to GEM animals. An anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (OA) tumour of World Health Organization (WHO) grade III was obtained from a female GEM mouse with the S100β-v-erbB/inK4a-Arf (+/-) genotype maintained in the C57BL/6 background. The tumour tissue was disaggregated; tumour cells from it were grown in aggregates and stereotactically injected into C57BL/6 mice. Tumour development was followed using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), while changes in the metabolomics pattern of the masses were evaluated by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/Spectroscopic Imaging (MRS/MRSI). Final tumour grade was evaluated by histopathological analysis. The total number of tumours generated from GEM cells from disaggregated tumour (CDT) was 67 with up to 100 % penetrance, as compared to 16 % in the local GEM model, with an average survival time of 66 ± 55 days, up to 4.3-fold significantly higher than the standard GL261 glioblastoma (GBM) tumour model. Tumours produced by transplantation of cells freshly obtained from disaggregated GEM tumour were diagnosed as WHO grade III anaplastic oligodendroglioma (ODG) and OA, while tumours produced from a previously frozen sample were diagnosed as WHO grade IV GBM. We successfully grew CDT and generated tumours from a grade III GEM glial tumour. Freezing and cell culture protocols produced progression to grade IV GBM, which makes the developed transplantable model qualify as potential secondary GBM model in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Ciezka
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Edifici Cs, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Milena Acosta
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Edifici Cs, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Cristina Herranz
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Research and Development Unit, Cell Therapy Program, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep M Canals
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Research and Development Unit, Cell Therapy Program, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Martí Pumarola
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Edifici V, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ana Paula Candiota
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Edifici Cs, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
| | - Carles Arús
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Biociències, Edifici Cs, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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25
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Delgado-Goñi T, Ortega-Martorell S, Ciezka M, Olier I, Candiota AP, Julià-Sapé M, Fernández F, Pumarola M, Lisboa PJ, Arús C. MRSI-based molecular imaging of therapy response to temozolomide in preclinical glioblastoma using source analysis. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2016; 29:732-743. [PMID: 27061401 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of glioblastoma (GB) response to treatment is a key factor for improving patients' survival and prognosis. MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) provide morphologic and metabolic profiles of GB but usually fail to produce unequivocal biomarkers of response. The purpose of this work is to provide proof of concept of the ability of a semi-supervised signal source extraction methodology to produce images with robust recognition of response to temozolomide (TMZ) in a preclinical GB model. A total of 38 female C57BL/6 mice were used in this study. The semi-supervised methodology extracted the required sources from a training set consisting of MRSI grids from eight GL261 GBs treated with TMZ, and six control untreated GBs. Three different sources (normal brain parenchyma, actively proliferating GB and GB responding to treatment) were extracted and used for calculating nosologic maps representing the spatial response to treatment. These results were validated with an independent test set (7 control and 17 treated cases) and correlated with histopathology. Major differences between the responder and non-responder sources were mainly related to the resonances of mobile lipids (MLs) and polyunsaturated fatty acids in MLs (0.9, 1.3 and 2.8 ppm). Responding tumors showed significantly lower mitotic (3.3 ± 2.9 versus 14.1 ± 4.2 mitoses/field) and proliferation rates (29.8 ± 10.3 versus 57.8 ± 5.4%) than control untreated cases. The methodology described in this work is able to produce nosological images of response to TMZ in GL261 preclinical GBs and suitably correlates with the histopathological analysis of tumors. A similar strategy could be devised for monitoring response to treatment in patients. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Delgado-Goñi
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - S Ortega-Martorell
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Ciezka
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - I Olier
- Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Stoke-On-Trent, UK
- Centre for Health Informatics, Institute of Population Health University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - A P Candiota
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - M Julià-Sapé
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - F Fernández
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - M Pumarola
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - P J Lisboa
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - C Arús
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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26
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Speranza MC, Nowicki MO, Behera P, Cho CF, Chiocca EA, Lawler SE. BKM-120 (Buparlisib): A Phosphatidyl-Inositol-3 Kinase Inhibitor with Anti-Invasive Properties in Glioblastoma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20189. [PMID: 26846842 PMCID: PMC4742861 DOI: 10.1038/srep20189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive, invasive tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). There is a widely acknowledged need for anti-invasive therapeutics to limit glioblastoma invasion. BKM-120 is a CNS-penetrant pan-class I phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor in clinical trials for solid tumors, including glioblastoma. We observed that BKM-120 has potent anti-invasive effects in glioblastoma cell lines and patient-derived glioma cells in vitro. These anti-migratory effects were clearly distinguishable from cytostatic and cytotoxic effects at higher drug concentrations and longer durations of drug exposure. The effects were reversible and accompanied by changes in cell morphology and pronounced reduction in both cell/cell and cell/substrate adhesion. In vivo studies showed that a short period of treatment with BKM-120 slowed tumor spread in an intracranial xenografts. GDC-0941, a similar potent and selective PI3K inhibitor, only caused a moderate reduction in glioblastoma cell migration. The effects of BKM-120 and GDC-0941 were indistinguishable by in vitro kinase selectivity screening and phospho-protein arrays. BKM-120 reduced the numbers of focal adhesions and the velocity of microtubule treadmilling compared with GDC-0941, suggesting that mechanisms in addition to PI3K inhibition contribute to the anti-invasive effects of BKM-120. Our data suggest the CNS-penetrant PI3K inhibitor BKM-120 may have anti-invasive properties in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Carmela Speranza
- Harvey Cushing Neurooncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School. Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Michal O Nowicki
- Harvey Cushing Neurooncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School. Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Prajna Behera
- Harvey Cushing Neurooncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School. Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Choi-Fong Cho
- Harvey Cushing Neurooncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School. Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - E Antonio Chiocca
- Harvey Cushing Neurooncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School. Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Sean E Lawler
- Harvey Cushing Neurooncology Laboratories, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School. Boston MA 02115, USA
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