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Fare CM, Rothstein JD. Nuclear pore dysfunction and disease: a complex opportunity. Nucleus 2024; 15:2314297. [PMID: 38383349 PMCID: PMC10883112 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2024.2314297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The separation of genetic material from bulk cytoplasm has enabled the evolution of increasingly complex organisms, allowing for the development of sophisticated forms of life. However, this complexity has created new categories of dysfunction, including those related to the movement of material between cellular compartments. In eukaryotic cells, nucleocytoplasmic trafficking is a fundamental biological process, and cumulative disruptions to nuclear integrity and nucleocytoplasmic transport are detrimental to cell survival. This is particularly true in post-mitotic neurons, where nuclear pore injury and errors to nucleocytoplasmic trafficking are strongly associated with neurodegenerative disease. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of nuclear pore biology in physiological and pathological contexts and discuss potential therapeutic approaches for addressing nuclear pore injury and dysfunctional nucleocytoplasmic transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M Fare
- Department of Neurology and Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Rothstein
- Department of Neurology and Brain Science Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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2
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Kalarikkal M, Saikia R, Oliveira L, Bhorkar Y, Lonare A, Varshney P, Dhamale P, Majumdar A, Joseph J. Nup358 restricts ER-mitochondria connectivity by modulating mTORC2/Akt/GSK3β signalling. EMBO Rep 2024:10.1038/s44319-024-00204-8. [PMID: 39026009 DOI: 10.1038/s44319-024-00204-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
ER-mitochondria contact sites (ERMCSs) regulate processes, including calcium homoeostasis, energy metabolism and autophagy. Previously, it was shown that during growth factor signalling, mTORC2/Akt gets recruited to and stabilizes ERMCSs. Independent studies showed that GSK3β, a well-known Akt substrate, reduces ER-mitochondria connectivity by disrupting the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethering complex. However, the mechanisms that regulate ERMCSs are incompletely understood. Here we find that annulate lamellae (AL), relatively unexplored subdomains of ER enriched with a subset of nucleoporins, are present at ERMCSs. Depletion of Nup358, an AL-resident nucleoporin, results in enhanced mTORC2/Akt activation, GSK3β inhibition and increased ERMCSs. Depletion of Rictor, a mTORC2-specific subunit, or exogenous expression of GSK3β, was sufficient to reverse the ERMCS-phenotype in Nup358-deficient cells. We show that growth factor-mediated activation of mTORC2 requires the VAPB-PTPIP51 complex, whereas, Nup358's association with this tether restricts mTORC2/Akt signalling and ER-mitochondria connectivity. Expression of a Nup358 fragment that is sufficient for interaction with the VAPB-PTPIP51 complex suppresses mTORC2/Akt activation and disrupts ERMCSs. Collectively, our study uncovers a novel role for Nup358 in controlling ERMCSs by modulating the mTORC2/Akt/GSK3β axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misha Kalarikkal
- National Centre for Cell Science, S.P. Pune University Campus, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Rimpi Saikia
- National Centre for Cell Science, S.P. Pune University Campus, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Lizanne Oliveira
- National Centre for Cell Science, S.P. Pune University Campus, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Yashashree Bhorkar
- National Centre for Cell Science, S.P. Pune University Campus, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Akshay Lonare
- National Centre for Cell Science, S.P. Pune University Campus, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Pallavi Varshney
- National Centre for Cell Science, S.P. Pune University Campus, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Prathamesh Dhamale
- National Centre for Cell Science, S.P. Pune University Campus, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Amitabha Majumdar
- National Centre for Cell Science, S.P. Pune University Campus, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Jomon Joseph
- National Centre for Cell Science, S.P. Pune University Campus, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India.
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Patil H, Yi H, Cho KI, Ferreira PA. Proteostatic Remodeling of Small Heat Shock Chaperones─Crystallins by Ran-Binding Protein 2─and the Peptidyl-Prolyl cis-trans Isomerase and Chaperone Activities of Its Cyclophilin Domain. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1967-1989. [PMID: 38657106 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Disturbances in protein phase transitions promote protein aggregation─a neurodegeneration hallmark. The modular Ran-binding protein 2 (Ranbp2) is a cytosolic molecular hub for rate-limiting steps of phase transitions of Ran-GTP-bound protein ensembles exiting nuclear pores. Chaperones also regulate phase transitions and proteostasis by suppressing protein aggregation. Ranbp2 haploinsufficiency promotes the age-dependent neuroprotection of the chorioretina against phototoxicity by proteostatic regulations of neuroprotective substrates of Ranbp2 and by suppressing the buildup of polyubiquitylated substrates. Losses of peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) and chaperone activities of the cyclophilin domain (CY) of Ranbp2 recapitulate molecular effects of Ranbp2 haploinsufficiency. These CY impairments also stimulate deubiquitylation activities and phase transitions of 19S cap subunits of the 26S proteasome that associates with Ranbp2. However, links between CY moonlighting activity, substrate ubiquitylation, and proteostasis remain incomplete. Here, we reveal the Ranbp2 regulation of small heat shock chaperones─crystallins in the chorioretina by proteomics of mice with total or selective modular deficits of Ranbp2. Specifically, loss of CY PPIase of Ranbp2 upregulates αA-Crystallin, which is repressed in adult nonlenticular tissues. Conversely, impairment of CY's chaperone activity opposite to the PPIase pocket downregulates a subset of αA-Crystallin's substrates, γ-crystallins. These CY-dependent effects cause age-dependent and chorioretinal-selective declines of ubiquitylated substrates without affecting the chorioretinal morphology. A model emerges whereby inhibition of Ranbp2's CY PPIase remodels crystallins' expressions, subdues molecular aging, and preordains the chorioretina to neuroprotection by augmenting the chaperone capacity and the degradation of polyubiquitylated substrates against proteostatic impairments. Further, the druggable Ranbp2 CY holds pan-therapeutic potential against proteotoxicity and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemangi Patil
- Department of Ophthalmology Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Haiqing Yi
- Department of Ophthalmology Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Kyoung-In Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Paulo A Ferreira
- Department of Ophthalmology Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
- Department of Pathology Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
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4
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Patil H, Cho KI, Ferreira PA. Proteostatic remodeling of small heat shock chaperones - crystallins by Ran-binding protein 2 and the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase and chaperone activities of its cyclophilin domain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.26.577462. [PMID: 38352504 PMCID: PMC10862737 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.26.577462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Disturbances in phase transitions and intracellular partitions of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling substrates promote protein aggregation - a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. The modular Ran-binding protein 2 (Ranbp2) is a cytosolic molecular hub for rate-limiting steps of disassembly and phase transitions of Ran-GTP-bound protein ensembles exiting nuclear pores. Chaperones also play central roles in phase transitions and proteostasis by suppressing protein aggregation. Ranbp2 haploinsufficiency promotes the age-dependent neuroprotection of the chorioretina against photo-oxidative stress by proteostatic regulations of Ranbp2 substrates and by countering the build-up of poly-ubiquitylated substrates. Further, the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) and chaperone activities of the cyclophilin domain (CY) of Ranbp2 modulate the proteostasis of selective neuroprotective substrates, such as hnRNPA2B1, STAT3, HDAC4 or L/M-opsin, while promoting a decline of ubiquitylated substrates. However, links between CY PPIase activity on client substrates and its effect(s) on ubiquitylated substrates are unclear. Here, proteomics of genetically modified mice with deficits of Ranbp2 uncovered the regulation of the small heat shock chaperones - crystallins by Ranbp2 in the chorioretina. Loss of CY PPIase of Ranbp2 up-regulates αA-crystallin proteostasis, which is repressed in non-lenticular tissues. Conversely, the αA-crystallin's substrates, γ-crystallins, are down-regulated by impairment of CY's C-terminal chaperone activity. These CY-dependent effects cause the age-dependent decline of ubiquitylated substrates without overt chorioretinal morphological changes. A model emerges whereby the Ranbp2 CY-dependent remodeling of crystallins' proteostasis subdues molecular aging and preordains chorioretinal neuroprotection by augmenting the chaperone buffering capacity and the decline of ubiquitylated substrates against proteostatic impairments. Further, CY's moonlighting activity holds pan -therapeutic potential against neurodegeneration.
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Liu ML, Ma S, Tai W, Zhong X, Ni H, Zou Y, Wang J, Zhang CL. Screens in aging-relevant human ALS-motor neurons identify MAP4Ks as therapeutic targets for the disease. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:4. [PMID: 38177100 PMCID: PMC10766628 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06395-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Effective therapeutics is much needed for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), an adult-onset neurodegenerative disease mainly affecting motor neurons. By screening chemical compounds in human patient-derived and aging-relevant motor neurons, we identify a neuroprotective compound and show that MAP4Ks may serve as therapeutic targets for treating ALS. The lead compound broadly improves survival and function of motor neurons directly converted from human ALS patients. Mechanistically, it works as an inhibitor of MAP4Ks, regulates the MAP4Ks-HDAC6-TUBA4A-RANGAP1 pathway, and normalizes subcellular distribution of RANGAP1 and TDP-43. Finally, in an ALS mouse model we show that inhibiting MAP4Ks preserves motor neurons and significantly extends animal lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Lu Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Shuaipeng Ma
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Wenjiao Tai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Xiaoling Zhong
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Haoqi Ni
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Yuhua Zou
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jingcheng Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Chun-Li Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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Liu ML, Ma S, Tai W, Zhong X, Ni H, Zou Y, Wang J, Zhang CL. Chemical screens in aging-relevant human motor neurons identify MAP4Ks as therapeutic targets for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.24.538014. [PMID: 37162962 PMCID: PMC10168247 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.24.538014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Effective therapeutics is much needed for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), an adult-onset neurodegenerative disease mainly affecting motor neurons. By screening chemical compounds in human patient-derived and aging-relevant motor neurons, we identify a neuroprotective compound and show that MAP4Ks may serve as therapeutic targets for treating ALS. The lead compound broadly improves survival and function of motor neurons directly converted from human ALS patients. Mechanistically, it works as an inhibitor of MAP4Ks, regulates the MAP4Ks-HDAC6-TUBA4A-RANGAP1 pathway, and normalizes subcellular distribution of RANGAP1 and TDP-43. Finally, in an ALS mouse model we show that inhibiting MAP4Ks preserves motor neurons and significantly extends animal lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Lu Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shuaipeng Ma
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Wenjiao Tai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Xiaoling Zhong
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Haoqi Ni
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yuhua Zou
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jingcheng Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chun-Li Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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Nuclear mRNA Export and Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105451. [PMID: 35628261 PMCID: PMC9142925 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between transcription and aging is one that has been studied intensively and experimentally with diverse attempts. However, the impact of the nuclear mRNA export on the aging process following its transcription is still poorly understood, although the nuclear events after transcription are coupled closely with the transcription pathway because the essential factors required for mRNA transport, namely TREX, TREX-2, and nuclear pore complex (NPC), physically and functionally interact with various transcription factors, including the activator/repressor and pre-mRNA processing factors. Dysregulation of the mediating factors for mRNA export from the nucleus generally leads to the aberrant accumulation of nuclear mRNA and further impairment in the vegetative growth and normal lifespan and the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. The optimal stoichiometry and density of NPC are destroyed during the process of cellular aging, and their damage triggers a defect of function in the nuclear permeability barrier. This review describes recent findings regarding the role of the nuclear mRNA export in cellular aging and age-related neurodegenerative disorders.
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Abstract
Dominant missense mutations in RanBP2/Nup358 cause Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy (ANE), a pediatric disease where seemingly healthy individuals develop a cytokine storm that is restricted to the central nervous system in response to viral infection. Untreated, this condition leads to seizures, coma, long-term neurological damage and a high rate of mortality. The exact mechanism by which RanBP2 mutations contribute to the development of ANE remains elusive. In November 2021, a number of clinicians and basic scientists presented their work on this disease and on the interactions between RanBP2/Nup358, viral infections, the innate immune response and other cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jomon Joseph
- National Centre for Cell Science, S.P. Pune University Campus, Pune, India
| | - Ming Lim
- Children's Neurosciences, Evelina London Children's Hospital, and the Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kiran T Thakur
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York
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Shukla P, Mandalla A, Elrick MJ, Venkatesan A. Clinical Manifestations and Pathogenesis of Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy: The Interface Between Systemic Infection and Neurologic Injury. Front Neurol 2022; 12:628811. [PMID: 35058867 PMCID: PMC8764155 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.628811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a devastating neurologic condition that can arise following a variety of systemic infections, including influenza and SARS-CoV-2. Affected individuals typically present with rapid changes in consciousness, focal neurological deficits, and seizures. Neuroimaging reveals symmetric, bilateral deep gray matter lesions, often involving the thalami, with evidence of necrosis and/or hemorrhage. The clinical and radiologic picture must be distinguished from direct infection of the central nervous system by some viruses, and from metabolic and mitochondrial disorders. Outcomes following ANE are poor overall and worse in those with brainstem involvement. Specific management is often directed toward modulating immune responses given the potential role of systemic inflammation and cytokine storm in potentiating neurologic injury in ANE, though benefits of such approaches remain unclear. The finding that many patients have mutations in the nucleoporin gene RANBP2, which encodes a multifunctional protein that plays a key role in nucleocytoplasmic transport, may allow for the development of disease models that provide insights into pathogenic mechanisms and novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Shukla
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Abby Mandalla
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Matthew J Elrick
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Arun Venkatesan
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Liu M, Sun X, Zhu L, Zhu M, Deng K, Nie X, Mo H, Du T, Huang B, Hu L, Liang L, Wang D, Luo Y, Yi J, Zhang J, Zhong X, Cao C, Chen H. Long Noncoding RNA RP11-115N4.1 Promotes Inflammatory Responses by Interacting With HNRNPH3 and Enhancing the Transcription of HSP70 in Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion. Front Immunol 2021; 12:717785. [PMID: 34484222 PMCID: PMC8414257 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.717785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) is a common pregnancy complication and the etiology is unknown. URSA-associated lncRNAs are expected to be potential biomarkers for diagnosis, and might be related to the disease pathogenesis. Objective To investigate differential lncRNAs in peripheral blood of non-pregnant URSA patients and matched healthy control women and to explore the possible mechanism of differential lncRNAs leading to URSA. Methods We profiled lncRNAs expression in peripheral blood from 5 non-pregnant URSA patients and 5 matched healthy control women by lncRNA microarray analysis. Functions of URSA-associated lncRNAs were further investigated in vitro. Results RP11-115N4.1 was identified as the most differentially expressed lncRNA which was highly upregulated in peripheral blood of non-pregnant URSA patients (P = 3.63E-07, Fold change = 2.96), and this dysregulation was further validated in approximately 26.67% additional patients (4/15). RP11-115N4.1 expression was detected in both lymphocytes and monocytes of human peripheral blood, and in vitro overexpression of RP11-115N4.1 decreased cell proliferation in K562 cells significantly. Furthermore, heat-shock HSP70 genes (HSPA1A and HSPA1B) were found to be significantly upregulated upon RP11-115N4.1 overexpression by transcriptome analysis (HSPA1A (P = 4.39E-08, Fold change = 4.17), HSPA1B (P = 2.26E-06, Fold change = 2.99)). RNA pull down and RNA immunoprecipitation assay (RIP) analysis demonstrated that RP11-115N4.1 bound to HNRNPH3 protein directly, which in turn activate heat-shock proteins (HSP70) analyzed by protein-protein interaction and HNRNPH3 knockdown assays. Most importantly, the high expression of HSP70 was also verified in the serum of URSA patients and the supernatant of K562 cells with RP11-115N4.1 activation, and HSP70 in supernatant can exacerbate inflammatory responses in monocytes by inducing IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α and inhibit the migration of trophoblast cells, which might associate with URSA. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that the activation of RP11-115N4.1 can significantly increase the protein level of HSP70 via binding to HNRNPH3, which may modulate the immune responses and related to URSA. Moreover, RP11-115N4.1 may be a novel etiological biomarker and a new therapeutic target for URSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyue Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Reproductive Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Menglan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kewen Deng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolu Nie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanjie Mo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingqian Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Reproductive Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihao Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Reproductive Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liuhong Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Reproductive Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Reproductive Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinger Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Reproductive Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinling Yi
- Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingming Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics of National Health Council, Family Planning Research Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunwei Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Reproductive Genetics and Reproductive Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Huynh MT, Gérard M, Ranguin K, Pichon O, Ghesh L, Alfallaj K, Joubert M, Bézieau S, Bénéteau C. Novel interstitial 2q12.3q13 microdeletion predisposes to developmental delay and behavioral problems. Neurogenetics 2021; 22:195-206. [PMID: 34132911 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-021-00653-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) is being increasingly applied to delineate novel genomic disorders and related syndromes in patients with developmental delay. In this study, detailed clinical and cytogenetic data of three unrelated patients with interstitial 2q12.3q13 microdeletion were described and compared with thirteen 2q12.3q13 microdeletion patients, gathered from the medical literature and public databases. 60 K aCGH analysis revealed three overlapping 2q12.3q13 microdeletions measuring 1.88 Mb in patient 1, 1.25 Mb in patient 2, and 0.41 Mb in patient 3, respectively. Confirmation and segregation studies were performed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and quantitative real-time PCR. Variable clinical features of 2q12.3q13 microdeletion including microcephaly, prenatal growth retardation, developmental delay, short stature, behavioral problems, learning difficulties, skeletal anomalies, congenital heart defects, and features of ectodermal dysplasia were observed. The boundaries and sizes of the 2q12.3q13 deletions in the sixteen patients were different, but an overlapping region of 249 kb in 2q12.3 was defined. The SRO (smallest region of overlap) encompasses four genes, including LIMS1, RANBP2, CCDC138, and EDAR. Among these genes, RANBP2 is a strong candidate gene for neurological phenotype and genetic susceptibility to viral infections. To our knowledge, this is the first published report of 2q12.3q13 microdeletion syndrome and our observations strongly suggest that these recurrent CNVs may be a novel risk factor for developmental delay with variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh-Tuan Huynh
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes cedex 1, France.
| | - Marion Gérard
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Kara Ranguin
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Olivier Pichon
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - Leila Ghesh
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - Khalid Alfallaj
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes cedex 1, France
| | - Madeleine Joubert
- Service D'anatomie Et Cytologie Pathologiques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Stéphane Bézieau
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes cedex 1, France.,Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, L'institut du Thorax, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Claire Bénéteau
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, 9 quai Moncousu, 44093, Nantes cedex 1, France
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12
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Tsai YL, Manley JL. Multiple ways to a dead end: diverse mechanisms by which ALS mutant genes induce cell death. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:631-646. [PMID: 33722167 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1886661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a deadly neuromuscular disorder caused by progressive motor neuron loss in the brain and spinal cord. Over the past decades, a number of genetic mutations have been identified that cause or are associated with ALS disease progression. Numerous genes harbor ALS mutations, and they encode proteins displaying a wide range of physiological functions, with limited overlap. Despite the divergent functions, mutations in these genes typically trigger protein aggregation, which can confer gain- and/or loss-of-function to a number of essential cellular processes. Nuclear processes such as mRNA splicing and the response to DNA damage are significantly affected in ALS patients. Cytoplasmic organelles such as mitochondria are damaged by ALS mutant proteins. Processes that maintain cellular homeostasis such as autophagy, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay and nucleocytoplasmic transport, are also impaired by ALS mutations. Here, we review the multiple mechanisms by which mutations in major ALS-associated genes, such as TARDBP, C9ORF72 and FUS, lead to impairment of essential cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Lin Tsai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - James L Manley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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13
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Abstract
Nuclear pore complexes are multiprotein channels that span the nuclear envelope, which connects the nucleus to the cytoplasm. In addition to their main role in the regulation of nucleocytoplasmic molecule exchange, it has become evident that nuclear pore complexes and their components also have multiple transport-independent functions. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have reported the involvement of nuclear pore complex components in embryogenesis, cell differentiation and tissue-specific processes. Here, we review the findings that highlight the dynamic nature of nuclear pore complexes and their roles in many cell type-specific functions during development and tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Guglielmi
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Maximiliano A D'Angelo
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- NCI-Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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14
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Andrés-Benito P, Povedano M, Domínguez R, Marco C, Colomina MJ, López-Pérez Ó, Santana I, Baldeiras I, Martínez-Yelámos S, Zerr I, Llorens F, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaría E, Ferrer I. Increased C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 12 Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid as a Candidate Biomarker in Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228680. [PMID: 33213069 PMCID: PMC7698527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS) is a fatal progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting upper and lower motor neurons. Biomarkers are useful to facilitate the diagnosis and/or prognosis of patients and to reveal possible mechanistic clues about the disease. This study aimed to identify and validate selected putative biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of sALS patients at early disease stages compared with age-matched controls and with other neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer disease (AD), spinal muscular atrophy type III (SMA), frontotemporal dementia behavioral variant (FTD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). SWATH acquisition on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for protein quantitation, and ELISA for validation, were used in CSF samples of sALS cases at early stages of the disease. Analysis of mRNA and protein expression was carried out in the anterior horn of the lumbar spinal cord in post-mortem tissue of sALS cases (terminal stage) and controls using RTq-PCR, and Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. SWATH acquisition on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) revealed 51 differentially expressed proteins in the CSF in sALS. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed CXCL12 to be the most valuable candidate biomarker. We validated the values of CXCL12 in CSF with ELISA in two different cohorts. Besides sALS, increased CXCL12 levels were found in MS but were not altered in AD, SMA, and FTD. Therefore, increased CXCL12 levels in the CSF can be useful in the diagnoses of MS and sALS in the context of the clinical settings. CXCL12 immunoreactivity was localized in motor neurons in control and sALS, and in a few glial cells in sALS at the terminal stage; CXCR4 was in a subset of oligodendroglial-like cells and axonal ballooning of motor neurons in sALS; and CXCR7 in motor neurons in control and sALS, and reactive astrocytes in the pyramidal tracts in terminal sALS. CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 axis in the spinal cord probably plays a complex role in inflammation, oligodendroglial and astrocyte signaling, and neuronal and axonal preservation in sALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Andrés-Benito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALS), Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (R.D.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: (P.A.-B.); (I.F.); Tel./Fax: +34-94-403-5808 (P.A.-B. & I.F.)
| | - Mònica Povedano
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALS), Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (R.D.); (C.M.)
- Functional Unit of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (UFELA), Service of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALS), Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (R.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Carla Marco
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALS), Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (R.D.); (C.M.)
| | - Maria J. Colomina
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Bellvitge University Hospital-University of Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Óscar López-Pérez
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Isabel Santana
- Neurology Department, CHUC—Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (I.S.); (I.B.)
| | - Inês Baldeiras
- Neurology Department, CHUC—Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; (I.S.); (I.B.)
| | - Sergio Martínez-Yelámos
- Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Service of Neurology, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Inga Zerr
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franc Llorens
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.F.-I.); (E.S.)
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- IDISNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.F.-I.); (E.S.)
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Proteomics Platform, Proteored-ISCIII, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Isidro Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Institute Carlos III, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;
- Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- International Initiative for Treatment and Research Initiative to Cure ALS (TRICALS), Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (M.P.); (R.D.); (C.M.)
- Neuropathology, Pathologic Anatomy Service, Bellvitge University Hospital, 08907 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.A.-B.); (I.F.); Tel./Fax: +34-94-403-5808 (P.A.-B. & I.F.)
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15
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Levine JM, Ahsan N, Ho E, Santoro JD. Genetic Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy Associated with RANBP2: Clinical and Therapeutic Implications in Pediatrics. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020; 43:102194. [PMID: 32426208 PMCID: PMC7228726 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Genetic (also known as familial) acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE1) is a rare disease presenting with encephalopathy often following preceding viral febrile illness in patients with a genetic predisposition resulting from a missense mutation in the gene encoding RAN Binding Protein 2 (RANBP2). The acute episode is characterized by deterioration in consciousness, often with focal neurologic deficits and seizures. Additionally, symmetric multifocal brain lesions are seen in the bilateral thalami as well as other characteristic regions, involving both gray and white matter. Prognosis is variable, with a high mortality rate and most surviving patients having persistent neurologic deficits. Early treatment with high dose steroids is associated with a more favorable outcome, however the diagnosis is often overlooked resulting in delayed treatment. The RANBP2 mutation associated with ANE1 causes an incompletely penetrant predisposition to encephalopathy in the setting of febrile illness through a mechanism that remains elusive. There are several non-mutually exclusive hypotheses suggesting possible etiologies for this phenotype based on the many functions of RANBP2 within the cell. These include dysfunctions in nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and intracellular metabolic regulation, as well as cytokine storm, and abnormal distribution of mitochondria. This narrative review explores these key concepts of the RANBP2 mutation and its clinical and therapeutic implications in pediatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse M Levine
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Nusrat Ahsan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Eugenia Ho
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jonathan D Santoro
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.
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16
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Wang Q, Chen S, Wu J, Liu D, Jiang N, Wang B, Zhai J, Liu Z. Identification of Potential Hub Genes and Signal Pathways Promoting the Distinct Biological Features of Cord Blood-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells Via Bioinformatics. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2020; 24:549-561. [PMID: 32744910 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2019.0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Numerous studies, ranging from the alleviation of tissue ischemia to the assessment of cancer prognosis, have demonstrated the fundamental biological differences between human umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells (CB-EPCs) and adult peripheral blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells (PB-EPCs). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms that produce these differences are not clear.The purpose of this study was to identify potential hub genes, key protein interactive networks, and correlated signal pathways unique to CB-EPC biology via bioinformatic methods. Materials and Methods: We selected the microarray dataset GSE39763 and identified the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the "limma" package in the RStudio software. These DEGs were annotated by gene ontology enrichment analyses and signal pathway analyses. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was then performed to construct PPI networks and identify a hub protein module. We further validated candidate DEGs from the selected module in the gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA) database because the DEGs were enriched in cancer pathways. Results: Setting an adjusted p-value <0.01 and |Log2 fold change (FC)| ≥ 2 as cutoff criteria, a total of 346 DEGs, including 314 upregulated genes and 32 downregulated genes in CB-EPCs, were identified. Expression of the genes encoding the AT-Hook Containing Transcription Factor 1 (AHCTF1), the Cancer Susceptibility Candidate 5 (CASC5), the Centromere Protein C (CENPC), the Centromere Protein E (CENPE), the Centromere Protein F (CENPF), the NUF2 Component of NDC80 Kinetochore Complex (NUF2), the RAN-Binding Protein 2 (RANBP2), the Shugoshin-like 2 (SGOL2), the Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes 3 (SMC3), and the Spindle Apparatus Coiled-Coil Protein 1 (SPDL1) proteins were specifically associated with CB-EPCs. Except for CENPC, the other nine genes' expression are all associated with a poorer overall survival rate in cancers. The expression levels of the CENPF and NUF2 genes in tumor patients were significantly higher than those in the controls. Conclusion: The CB-EPCs express genes with greater potential for proliferation and increased migration compared to PB-EPCs; in this regard they are similar to cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dingkun Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Nanxi Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bizhou Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianjia Zhai
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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17
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de Araújo Boleti AP, de Oliveira Flores TM, Moreno SE, Anjos LD, Mortari MR, Migliolo L. Neuroinflammation: An overview of neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases and of biotechnological studies. Neurochem Int 2020; 136:104714. [PMID: 32165170 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is an important factor contributing to cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), ischemic injury, and multiple sclerosis (MS). These diseases are characterized by inexorable progressive injury of neuron cells, and loss of motor or cognitive functions. Microglia, which are the resident macrophages in the brain, play an important role in both physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we provide an updated discussion on the role of ROS and metabolic disease in the pathological mechanisms of activation of the microglial cells and release of cytotoxins, leading to the neurodegenerative process. In addition, we also discuss in vivo models, such as zebrafish and Caenorhabditis elegans, and provide new insights into therapeutics bioinspired by neuropeptides from venomous animals, supporting high throughput drug screening in the near future, searching for a complementary approach to elucidating crucial mechanisms associated with neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula de Araújo Boleti
- S-InovaBiotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, 79117-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Taylla Michelle de Oliveira Flores
- S-InovaBiotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, 79117-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Susana Elisa Moreno
- S-InovaBiotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, 79117-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Lilian Dos Anjos
- Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Departmento Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brazil
| | - Márcia Renata Mortari
- Laboratório de Neurofarmacologia, Departmento Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brazil
| | - Ludovico Migliolo
- S-InovaBiotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, 79117-900, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
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18
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Hutten S, Dormann D. Nucleocytoplasmic transport defects in neurodegeneration — Cause or consequence? Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 99:151-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Onodera K, Shimojo D, Ishihara Y, Yano M, Miya F, Banno H, Kuzumaki N, Ito T, Okada R, de Araújo Herculano B, Ohyama M, Yoshida M, Tsunoda T, Katsuno M, Doyu M, Sobue G, Okano H, Okada Y. Unveiling synapse pathology in spinal bulbar muscular atrophy by genome-wide transcriptome analysis of purified motor neurons derived from disease specific iPSCs. Mol Brain 2020; 13:18. [PMID: 32070397 PMCID: PMC7029484 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-0561-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is an adult-onset, slowly progressive motor neuron disease caused by abnormal CAG repeat expansion in the androgen receptor (AR) gene. Although ligand (testosterone)-dependent mutant AR aggregation has been shown to play important roles in motor neuronal degeneration by the analyses of transgenic mice models and in vitro cell culture models, the underlying disease mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated because of the discrepancy between model mice and SBMA patients. Thus, novel human disease models that recapitulate SBMA patients’ pathology more accurately are required for more precise pathophysiological analysis and the development of novel therapeutics. Here, we established disease specific iPSCs from four SBMA patients, and differentiated them into spinal motor neurons. To investigate motor neuron specific pathology, we purified iPSC-derived motor neurons using flow cytometry and cell sorting based on the motor neuron specific reporter, HB9e438::Venus, and proceeded to the genome-wide transcriptome analysis by RNA sequences. The results revealed the involvement of the pathology associated with synapses, epigenetics, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in SBMA. Notably, we demonstrated the involvement of the neuromuscular synapse via significant upregulation of Synaptotagmin, R-Spondin2 (RSPO2), and WNT ligands in motor neurons derived from SBMA patients, which are known to be associated with neuromuscular junction (NMJ) formation and acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clustering. These aberrant gene expression in neuromuscular synapses might represent a novel therapeutic target for SBMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunari Onodera
- Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Daisuke Shimojo
- Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Ishihara
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masato Yano
- Division of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Fuyuki Miya
- Department of Medical Science Mathematics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Banno
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Naoko Kuzumaki
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Takuji Ito
- Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Rina Okada
- Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Bruno de Araújo Herculano
- Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Manabu Ohyama
- Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mari Yoshida
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Tsunoda
- Department of Medical Science Mathematics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masahisa Katsuno
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Manabu Doyu
- Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Gen Sobue
- Research Division of Dementia and Neurodegenerative Disease, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yohei Okada
- Department of Neurology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.
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20
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Spannl S, Tereshchenko M, Mastromarco GJ, Ihn SJ, Lee HO. Biomolecular condensates in neurodegeneration and cancer. Traffic 2019; 20:890-911. [PMID: 31606941 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular environment is partitioned into functionally distinct compartments containing specific sets of molecules and reactions. Biomolecular condensates, also referred to as membrane-less organelles, are diverse and abundant cellular compartments that lack membranous enclosures. Molecules assemble into condensates by phase separation; multivalent weak interactions drive molecules to separate from their surroundings and concentrate in discrete locations. Biomolecular condensates exist in all eukaryotes and in some prokaryotes, and participate in various essential house-keeping, stress-response and cell type-specific processes. An increasing number of recent studies link abnormal condensate formation, composition and material properties to a number of disease states. In this review, we discuss current knowledge and models describing the regulation of condensates and how they become dysregulated in neurodegeneration and cancer. Further research on the regulation of biomolecular phase separation will help us to better understand their role in cell physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Spannl
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Tereshchenko
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sean J Ihn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hyun O Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Canada Research Chairs Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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21
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Khalaf B, Roncador A, Pischedda F, Casini A, Thomas S, Piccoli G, Kiebler M, Macchi P. Ankyrin-G induces nucleoporin Nup358 to associate with the axon initial segment of neurons. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.222802. [PMID: 31427429 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.222802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nup358 (also known as RanBP2) is a member of the large nucleoporin family that constitutes the nuclear pore complex. Depending on the cell type and the physiological state, Nup358 interacts with specific partner proteins and influences distinct mechanisms independent of its role in nucleocytoplasmic transport. Here, we provide evidence that Nup358 associates selectively with the axon initial segment (AIS) of mature neurons, mediated by the AIS scaffold protein ankyrin-G (AnkG, also known as Ank3). The N-terminus of Nup358 is demonstrated to be sufficient for its localization at the AIS. Further, we show that Nup358 is expressed as two isoforms, one full-length and another shorter form of Nup358. These isoforms differ in their subcellular distribution in neurons and expression level during neuronal development. Overall, the present study highlights an unprecedented localization of Nup358 within the AIS and suggests its involvement in neuronal function.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bouchra Khalaf
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology-CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Alessandro Roncador
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology-CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Francesca Pischedda
- Dulbecco Telethon Laboratory of Biology of Synapses, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology-CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Antonio Casini
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology-CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Sabine Thomas
- Department for Cell Biology, Biomedical Center, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- Dulbecco Telethon Laboratory of Biology of Synapses, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology-CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Michael Kiebler
- Department for Cell Biology, Biomedical Center, Medical Faculty, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Großhaderner Straße 9, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Paolo Macchi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology-CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
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22
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Capitanchik C, Dixon CR, Swanson SK, Florens L, Kerr ARW, Schirmer EC. Analysis of RNA-Seq datasets reveals enrichment of tissue-specific splice variants for nuclear envelope proteins. Nucleus 2019; 9:410-430. [PMID: 29912636 PMCID: PMC7000147 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2018.1469351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Laminopathies yield tissue-specific pathologies, yet arise from mutation of ubiquitously-expressed genes. A little investigated hypothesis to explain this is that the mutated proteins or their partners have tissue-specific splice variants. To test this, we analyzed RNA-Seq datasets, finding novel isoforms or isoform tissue-specificity for: Lap2, linked to cardiomyopathy; Nesprin 2, linked to Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy and Lmo7, that regulates the Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy linked emerin gene. Interestingly, the muscle-specific Lmo7 exon is rich in serine phosphorylation motifs, suggesting regulatory function. Muscle-specific splice variants in non-nuclear envelope proteins linked to other muscular dystrophies were also found. Nucleoporins tissue-specific variants were found for Nup54, Nup133, Nup153 and Nup358/RanBP2. RT-PCR confirmed novel Lmo7 and RanBP2 variants and specific knockdown of the Lmo7 variantreduced myogenic index. Nuclear envelope proteins were enriched for tissue-specific splice variants compared to the rest of the genome, suggesting that splice variants contribute to its tissue-specific functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Capitanchik
- a The Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology and Institute of Cell Biology , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Charles R Dixon
- a The Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology and Institute of Cell Biology , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Selene K Swanson
- b Stowers Institute for Medical Research , Kansas City , MO , USA
| | - Laurence Florens
- b Stowers Institute for Medical Research , Kansas City , MO , USA
| | - Alastair R W Kerr
- a The Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology and Institute of Cell Biology , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
| | - Eric C Schirmer
- a The Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology and Institute of Cell Biology , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh , UK
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23
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Cho KI, Yoon D, Yu M, Peachey NS, Ferreira PA. Microglial activation in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like model caused by Ranbp2 loss and nucleocytoplasmic transport impairment in retinal ganglion neurons. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3407-3432. [PMID: 30944974 PMCID: PMC6698218 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nucleocytoplasmic transport is dysregulated in sporadic and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and retinal ganglion neurons (RGNs) are purportedly involved in ALS. The Ran-binding protein 2 (Ranbp2) controls rate-limiting steps of nucleocytoplasmic transport. Mice with Ranbp2 loss in Thy1+-motoneurons develop cardinal ALS-like motor traits, but the impairments in RGNs and the degree of dysfunctional consonance between RGNs and motoneurons caused by Ranbp2 loss are unknown. This will help to understand the role of nucleocytoplasmic transport in the differential vulnerability of neuronal cell types to ALS and to uncover non-motor endophenotypes with pathognomonic signs of ALS. Here, we ascertain Ranbp2's function and endophenotypes in RGNs of an ALS-like mouse model lacking Ranbp2 in motoneurons and RGNs. Thy1+-RGNs lacking Ranbp2 shared with motoneurons the dysregulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport. RGN abnormalities were comprised morphologically by soma hypertrophy and optic nerve axonopathy and physiologically by a delay of the visual pathway's evoked potentials. Whole-transcriptome analysis showed restricted transcriptional changes in optic nerves that were distinct from those found in sciatic nerves. Specifically, the level and nucleocytoplasmic partition of the anti-apoptotic and novel substrate of Ranbp2, Pttg1/securin, were dysregulated. Further, acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1, which modulates de novo synthesis of fatty acids and T-cell immunity, showed the highest up-regulation (35-fold). This effect was reflected by the activation of ramified CD11b+ and CD45+-microglia, increase of F4\80+-microglia and a shift from pseudopodial/lamellipodial to amoeboidal F4\80+-microglia intermingled between RGNs of naive mice. Further, there was the intracellular sequestration in RGNs of metalloproteinase-28, which regulates macrophage recruitment and polarization in inflammation. Hence, Ranbp2 genetic insults in RGNs and motoneurons trigger distinct paracrine signaling likely by the dysregulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport of neuronal-type selective substrates. Immune-modulators underpinning RGN-to-microglial signaling are regulated by Ranbp2, and this neuronal-glial system manifests endophenotypes that are likely useful in the prognosis and diagnosis of motoneuron diseases, such as ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-In Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, DUEC 3802, 2351 Erwin Road, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Dosuk Yoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, DUEC 3802, 2351 Erwin Road, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Minzhong Yu
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Neal S Peachey
- Department of Ophthalmic Research, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Paulo A Ferreira
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, DUEC 3802, 2351 Erwin Road, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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24
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Giampetruzzi A, Danielson EW, Gumina V, Jeon M, Boopathy S, Brown RH, Ratti A, Landers JE, Fallini C. Modulation of actin polymerization affects nucleocytoplasmic transport in multiple forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3827. [PMID: 31444357 PMCID: PMC6707192 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11837-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease of unknown etiology. Although defects in nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT) may be central to the pathogenesis of ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases, the molecular mechanisms modulating the nuclear pore function are still largely unknown. Here we show that genetic and pharmacological modulation of actin polymerization disrupts nuclear pore integrity, nuclear import, and downstream pathways such as mRNA post-transcriptional regulation. Importantly, we demonstrate that modulation of actin homeostasis can rescue nuclear pore instability and dysfunction caused by mutant PFN1 as well as by C9ORF72 repeat expansion, the most common mutation in ALS patients. Collectively, our data link NCT defects to ALS-associated cellular pathology and propose the regulation of actin homeostasis as a novel therapeutic strategy for ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Giampetruzzi
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Eric W Danielson
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Valentina Gumina
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Neurology - Stroke Unit and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Maryangel Jeon
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Sivakumar Boopathy
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Robert H Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Antonia Ratti
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Neurology - Stroke Unit and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - John E Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | - Claudia Fallini
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
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25
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Ferreira PA. The coming-of-age of nucleocytoplasmic transport in motor neuron disease and neurodegeneration. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2247-2273. [PMID: 30742233 PMCID: PMC6531325 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear pore is the gatekeeper of nucleocytoplasmic transport and signaling through which a vast flux of information is continuously exchanged between the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments to maintain cellular homeostasis. A unifying and organizing principle has recently emerged that cements the notion that several forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and growing number of other neurodegenerative diseases, co-opt the dysregulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport and that this impairment is a pathogenic driver of neurodegeneration. The understanding of shared pathomechanisms that underpin neurodegenerative diseases with impairments in nucleocytoplasmic transport and how these interface with current concepts of nucleocytoplasmic transport is bound to illuminate this fundamental biological process in a yet more physiological context. Here, I summarize unresolved questions and evidence and extend basic and critical concepts and challenges of nucleocytoplasmic transport and its role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as ALS. These principles will help to appreciate the roles of nucleocytoplasmic transport in the pathogenesis of ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases, and generate a framework for new ideas of the susceptibility of motoneurons, and possibly other neurons, to degeneration by dysregulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo A Ferreira
- Duke University Medical Center, DUEC 3802, 2351 Erwin Road, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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26
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Fusco AF, McCall AL, Dhindsa JS, Pucci LA, Strickland LM, Kahn AF, ElMallah MK. The Respiratory Phenotype of Rodent Models of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Spinocerebellar Ataxia. JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION AND NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES 2019; 3:100011. [PMID: 31893284 PMCID: PMC6938301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) are neurodegenerative disorders that result in progressive motor dysfunction and ultimately lead to respiratory failure. Rodent models of neurodegenerative disorders provide a means to study the respiratory motor unit pathology that results in respiratory failure. In addition, they are important for pre-clinical studies of novel therapies that improve breathing, quality of life, and survival. The goal of this review is to compare the respiratory phenotype of two neurodegenerative disorders that have different pathological origins, but similar physiological outcomes. Manuscripts reviewed were identified using specific search terms and exclusion criteria. We excluded manuscripts that investigated novel therapeutics and only included those manuscripts that describe the respiratory pathology. The ALS manuscripts describe pathology in respiratory physiology, the phrenic and hypoglossal motor units, respiratory neural control centers, and accessory respiratory muscles. The SCA rodent model manuscripts characterized pathology in overall respiratory function, phrenic motor units and hypoglossal motor neurons. Overall, a combination of pathology in the respiratory motor units and control centers contribute to devastating respiratory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna F. Fusco
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Angela L. McCall
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Justin S. Dhindsa
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Logan A. Pucci
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | | | - Amanda F. Kahn
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Mai K. ElMallah
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC,Corresponding author: Mai K. ElMallah, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center Box 2644, Durham, NC 27710, USA, Tel: 919-684-3577;
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27
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Boehringer A, Bowser R. RNA Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Defects in Neurodegenerative Diseases. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2018; 20:85-101. [PMID: 29916017 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-89689-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, transcription and translation are compartmentalized by the nuclear membrane, requiring an active transport of RNA from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. This is accomplished by a variety of transport complexes that contain either a member of the exportin family of proteins and translocation fueled by GTP hydrolysis or in the case of mRNA by complexes containing the export protein NXF1. Recent evidence indicates that RNA transport is altered in a number of different neurodegenerative diseases including Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Alterations in RNA transport predominately fall into three categories: Alterations in the nuclear membrane and mislocalization and aggregation of the nucleoporins that make up the nuclear pore; alterations in the Ran gradient and the proteins that control it which impacts exportin based nuclear export; and alterations of proteins that are required for the export of mRNA leading nuclear accumulation of mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Boehringer
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Robert Bowser
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
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28
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Moonlighting nuclear pore proteins: tissue-specific nucleoporin function in health and disease. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 150:593-605. [PMID: 30361777 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1748-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear pore complex is the main transportation hub for exchange between the cytoplasm and the nucleus. It is built from nucleoporins that form distinct subcomplexes to establish this huge protein complex in the nuclear envelope. Malfunctioning of nucleoporins is well known in human malignancies, such as gene fusions of NUP214 and NUP98 in hematological neoplasms and overexpression of NUP88 in a variety of human cancers. In the past decade, the incremental utilization of next-generation sequencing has unraveled mutations in nucleoporin genes in the context of an increasing number of hereditary diseases, often in a tissue-specific manner. It emerges that, on one hand, the central nervous system and the heart are particularly sensitive to mutations in nucleoporin genes. On the other hand, nucleoporins forming the scaffold structure of the nuclear pore complex are eminently mutation-prone. These novel and exciting associations between nucleoporins and human diseases emphasize the need to shed light on these unanticipated tissue-specific roles of nucleoporins that may go well beyond their role in nucleocytoplasmic transport. In this review, the current insights into altered nucleoporin function associated with human hereditary disorders will be discussed.
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29
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Jing H, He X, Zheng J. Exosomes and regenerative medicine: state of the art and perspectives. Transl Res 2018; 196:1-16. [PMID: 29432720 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes have attracted the attention of the scientific community in recent years due to their widespread distribution, their possible functions as biomarkers of disease, and their great potential to be applied as therapeutic agents. Exosomes carry proteins and nucleic acids that can facilitate their uptake by distant target cells through endocytosis, such that exosomes could be targeted to a specific cell or cells to enhance or interfere with specific biological processes. This review will mainly focus on their roles in tissue repair and regenerative processes. Exosomal engineering and their potential applications in tissue regeneration are also reviewed here as an outlook for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jing
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaomin He
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jinghao Zheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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30
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Patil H, Yoon D, Bhowmick R, Cai Y, Cho KI, Ferreira PA. Impairments in age-dependent ubiquitin proteostasis and structural integrity of selective neurons by uncoupling Ran GTPase from the Ran-binding domain 3 of Ranbp2 and identification of novel mitochondrial isoforms of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2I (ubc9) and Ranbp2. Small GTPases 2017; 10:146-161. [PMID: 28877029 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2017.1356432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ran-binding protein 2 (Ranbp2/Nup358) is a cytoplasmic and peripheral nucleoporin comprised of 4 Ran-GTP-binding domains (RBDs) that are interspersed among diverse structural domains with multifunctional activities. Our prior studies found that the RBD2 and RBD3 of Ranbp2 control mitochondrial motility independently of Ran-GTP-binding in cultured cells, whereas loss of Ran-GTP-binding to RBD2 and RBD3 are essential to support cone photoreceptor development and the survival of mature retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in mice. Here, we uncover that loss of Ran-GTP-binding to RBD3 alone promotes the robust age-dependent increase of ubiquitylated substrates and S1 subunit (Pmsd1) of the 19S cap of the proteasome in the retina and RPE and that such loss in RBD3 also compromises the structural integrity of the outer segment compartment of cone photoreceptors only and without affecting the viability of these neurons. We also found that the E2-ligase and partner of Ranbp2, ubc9, is localized prominently in the mitochondrial-rich ellipsoid compartment of photoreceptors, where Ranbp2 is also known to localize with and modulate the activity of mitochondrial proteins. However, the natures of Ranbp2 and ubc9 isoforms to the mitochondria are heretofore elusive. Subcellular fractionation, co-immunolocalization and immunoaffinity purification of Ranbp2 complexes show that novel isoforms of Ranbp2 and ubc9 with molecular masses distinct from the large Ranbp2 and unmodified ubc9 isoforms localize specifically to the mitochondrial fraction or associate with mitochondrial components, whereas unmodified and SUMOylated Ran GTPase are excluded from the mitochondrial fraction. Further, liposome-mediated intracellular delivery of an antibody against a domain shared by the mitochondrial and nuclear pore isoforms of Ranbp2 causes the profound fragmentation of mitochondria and their delocalization from Ranbp2 and without affecting Ranbp2 localization at the nuclear pores. Collectively, the data support that Ran GTPase-dependent and independent and moonlighting roles of Ranbp2 or domains thereof and ubc9 control selectively age-dependent, neural-type and mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemangi Patil
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Dosuk Yoon
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Reshma Bhowmick
- b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee , WI , USA
| | - Yunfei Cai
- b Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee , WI , USA
| | - Kyoung-In Cho
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Paulo A Ferreira
- a Department of Ophthalmology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,c Department of Pathology , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
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31
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Ohgomori T, Yamasaki R, Takeuchi H, Kadomatsu K, Kira JI, Jinno S. Differential activation of neuronal and glial STAT3 in the spinal cord of the SOD1 G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Eur J Neurosci 2017; 46:2001-2014. [PMID: 28715117 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins are activated by phosphorylation in the spinal cord of patients suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The major scope of our study is a comprehensive histological characterization of the mechanisms underlying neuronal and glial STAT3 activation in the pathogenesis of ALS using SOD1G93A mice. We calculated the fold changes (FCs, ratios vs. appropriate controls) of the numerical densities of the following phosphorylated STAT3-positive (pSTAT3)+ cells - choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)+ α-motoneurons, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1)+ microglia, and S100β+ astrocytes in SOD1G93A mice. The FCs of pSTAT3+ microglia and pSTAT3+ astrocytes were increased from 9 to 15 weeks of age and then plateaued until 21 weeks. In contrast, the FCs of pSTAT3+ α-motoneurons peaked at 9 weeks and then decreased until 21 weeks. The immunoreactivity for nonphosphorylated neurofilament protein (SMI-32), a marker of axonal impairment, was decreased in pSTAT3+ α-motoneurons compared with pSTAT3- α-motoneurons at 9 weeks of age. We then compared the following pharmacological models - the chronic administration of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN), which models axonal impairment, and the acute administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is a model of neuroinflammation. The FCs of pSTAT3+ α-motoneurons were increased in IDPN-treated mice, while those of pSTAT3+ microglia were increased in LPS-treated mice. The FCs of pSTAT3+ astrocytes were higher in SOD1G93A mice at 9 weeks compared with IDPN- and LPS-treated mice. Our results indicate that axonopathy and neuroinflammation may trigger the respective activation of neuronal and glial STAT3, which is observed during ALS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Ohgomori
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamasaki
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Takeuchi
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Neurology and Stroke Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kenji Kadomatsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Kira
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shozo Jinno
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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32
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Sakuma S, D'Angelo MA. The roles of the nuclear pore complex in cellular dysfunction, aging and disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 68:72-84. [PMID: 28506892 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The study of the Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC), the proteins that compose it (nucleoporins), and the nucleocytoplasmic transport that it controls have revealed an unexpected layer to pathogenic disease onset and progression. Recent advances in the study of the regulation of NPC composition and function suggest that the precise control of this structure is necessary to prevent diseases from arising or progressing. Here we discuss the role of nucleoporins in a diverse set of diseases, many of which directly or indirectly increase in occurrence and severity as we age, and often shorten the human lifespan. NPC biology has been shown to play a direct role in these diseases and therefore in the process of healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Sakuma
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program (DARe), Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maximiliano A D'Angelo
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program (DARe), Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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33
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Gitler AD, Dhillon P, Shorter J. Neurodegenerative disease: models, mechanisms, and a new hope. Dis Model Mech 2017; 10:499-502. [PMID: 28468935 PMCID: PMC5451177 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.030205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 374] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is a feature of many debilitating, incurable diseases that are rapidly rising in prevalence, such as Parkinson's disease. There is an urgent need to develop new and more effective therapeutic strategies to combat these devastating diseases. Models - from cell-based systems, to unicellular organisms, to complex animals - have proven to be a useful tool to help the research community shed light on the mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases, and these advances have now begun to provide promising therapeutic avenues. In this themed issue of Disease Models & Mechanisms, a special collection of articles focused on neurodegenerative diseases is introduced. The collection includes original research articles that provide new insights into the complex pathophysiology of such diseases, revealing candidate biomarkers or therapeutic targets. Some of the articles describe a new disease model that enables deeper exploration of key mechanisms. We also present a series of reviews that highlight some of the recent translational advances made in studies of neurodegenerative diseases. In this Editorial, we summarize the articles featured in this collection, emphasizing the impact that model-based studies have made in this exciting area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Gitler
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94404, USA
| | - Paraminder Dhillon
- Reviews Editor, Disease Models & Mechanisms, The Company of Biologists, Cambridge CB24 9LF, UK
| | - James Shorter
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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