1
|
deMayo JA, Brennan RS, Pespeni MH, Finiguerra M, Norton L, Park G, Baumann H, Dam HG. Simultaneous warming and acidification limit population fitness and reveal phenotype costs for a marine copepod. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20231033. [PMID: 37670582 PMCID: PMC10510449 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity and evolutionary adaptation allow populations to cope with global change, but limits and costs to adaptation under multiple stressors are insufficiently understood. We reared a foundational copepod species, Acartia hudsonica, under ambient (AM), ocean warming (OW), ocean acidification (OA), and combined ocean warming and acidification (OWA) conditions for 11 generations (approx. 1 year) and measured population fitness (net reproductive rate) derived from six life-history traits (egg production, hatching success, survival, development time, body size and sex ratio). Copepods under OW and OWA exhibited an initial approximately 40% fitness decline relative to AM, but fully recovered within four generations, consistent with an adaptive response and demonstrating synergy between stressors. At generation 11, however, fitness was approximately 24% lower for OWA compared with the AM lineage, consistent with the cost of producing OWA-adapted phenotypes. Fitness of the OWA lineage was not affected by reversal to AM or low food environments, indicating sustained phenotypic plasticity. These results mimic those of a congener, Acartia tonsa, while additionally suggesting that synergistic effects of simultaneous stressors exert costs that limit fitness recovery but can sustain plasticity. Thus, even when closely related species experience similar stressors, species-specific costs shape their unique adaptive responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James A. deMayo
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Reid S. Brennan
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
- Marine Evolutionary Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Melissa H. Pespeni
- Marine Evolutionary Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Finiguerra
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Lydia Norton
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Gihong Park
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Hannes Baumann
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Hans G. Dam
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Knowledge Gaps and Missing Links in Understanding Mass Extinctions: Can Mathematical Modeling Help? Phys Life Rev 2022; 41:22-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
3
|
Brennan RS, deMayo JA, Dam HG, Finiguerra MB, Baumann H, Pespeni MH. Loss of transcriptional plasticity but sustained adaptive capacity after adaptation to global change conditions in a marine copepod. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1147. [PMID: 35241657 PMCID: PMC8894427 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28742-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptive evolution and phenotypic plasticity will fuel resilience in the geologically unprecedented warming and acidification of the earth’s oceans, however, we have much to learn about the interactions and costs of these mechanisms of resilience. Here, using 20 generations of experimental evolution followed by three generations of reciprocal transplants, we investigated the relationship between adaptation and plasticity in the marine copepod, Acartia tonsa, in future global change conditions (high temperature and high CO2). We found parallel adaptation to global change conditions in genes related to stress response, gene expression regulation, actin regulation, developmental processes, and energy production. However, reciprocal transplantation showed that adaptation resulted in a loss of transcriptional plasticity, reduced fecundity, and reduced population growth when global change-adapted animals were returned to ambient conditions or reared in low food conditions. However, after three successive transplant generations, global change-adapted animals were able to match the ambient-adaptive transcriptional profile. Concurrent changes in allele frequencies and erosion of nucleotide diversity suggest that this recovery occurred via adaptation back to ancestral conditions. These results demonstrate that while plasticity facilitated initial survival in global change conditions, it eroded after 20 generations as populations adapted, limiting resilience to new stressors and previously benign environments. Rapid adaptation will facilitate species resilience under global climate change, but its effects on plasticity are less commonly investigated. This study shows that 20 generations of experimental adaptation in a marine copepod drives a rapid loss of plasticity that carries costs and might have impacts on future resilience to environmental change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reid S Brennan
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA. .,Marine Evolutionary Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - James A deMayo
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, USA.,Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Hans G Dam
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Michael B Finiguerra
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Hannes Baumann
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Spatafora D, Massamba N'Siala G, Quattrocchi F, Milazzo M, Calosi P. Plastic adjustments of biparental care behavior across embryonic development under elevated temperature in a marine ectotherm. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:11155-11167. [PMID: 34429909 PMCID: PMC8366872 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity in parental care investment allows organisms to promptly respond to rapid environmental changes by potentially benefiting offspring survival and thus parental fitness. To date, a knowledge gap exists on whether plasticity in parental care behaviors can mediate responses to climate change in marine ectotherms. Here, we assessed the plasticity of parental care investment under elevated temperatures in a gonochoric marine annelid with biparental care, Ophryotrocha labronica, and investigated its role in maintaining the reproductive success of this species in a warming ocean. We measured the time individuals spent carrying out parental care activities across three phases of embryonic development, as well as the hatching success of the offspring as a proxy for reproductive success, at control (24℃) and elevated (27℃) temperature conditions. Under elevated temperature, we observed: (a) a significant decrease in total parental care activity, underpinned by a decreased in male and simultaneous parental care activity, in the late stage of embryonic development; and (b) a reduction in hatching success that was however not significantly related to changes in parental care activity levels. These findings, along with the observed unaltered somatic growth of parents and decreased brood size, suggest that potential cost-benefit trade-offs between offspring survival (i.e., immediate fitness) and parents' somatic condition (i.e., longer-term fitness potential) may occur under ongoing ocean warming. Finally, our results suggest that plasticity in parental care behavior is a mechanism able to partially mitigate the negative effects of temperature-dependent impacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Spatafora
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM)University of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Gloria Massamba N'Siala
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et GéographieUniversité du Québec à RimouskiRimouskiQCCanada
- Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive (CEFE‐CNRS)UMR 5175Montpellier Cedex 5France
| | - Federico Quattrocchi
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnology (IRBIM)National Research Council CNRMazara del Vallo (TP)Italy
| | - Marco Milazzo
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DiSTeM)University of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Piero Calosi
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et GéographieUniversité du Québec à RimouskiRimouskiQCCanada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
deMayo JA, Girod A, Sasaki MC, Dam HG. Adaptation to simultaneous warming and acidification carries a thermal tolerance cost in a marine copepod. Biol Lett 2021; 17:20210071. [PMID: 34256577 PMCID: PMC8278047 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2021.0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The ocean is undergoing warming and acidification. Thermal tolerance is affected both by evolutionary adaptation and developmental plasticity. Yet, thermal tolerance in animals adapted to simultaneous warming and acidification is unknown. We experimentally evolved the ubiquitous copepod Acartia tonsa to future combined ocean warming and acidification conditions (OWA approx. 22°C, 2000 µatm CO2) and then compared its thermal tolerance relative to ambient conditions (AM approx. 18°C, 400 µatm CO2). The OWA and AM treatments were reciprocally transplanted after 65 generations to assess effects of developmental conditions on thermal tolerance and potential costs of adaptation. Treatments transplanted from OWA to AM conditions were assessed at the F1 and F9 generations following transplant. Adaptation to warming and acidification, paradoxically, reduces both thermal tolerance and phenotypic plasticity. These costs of adaptation to combined warming and acidification may limit future population resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James A. deMayo
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT 06340-6048, USA
| | - Amanda Girod
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT 05753, USA
| | - Matthew C. Sasaki
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT 06340-6048, USA
| | - Hans G. Dam
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT 06340-6048, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rodríguez-Romero A, Viguri JR, Calosi P. Acquiring an evolutionary perspective in marine ecotoxicology to tackle emerging concerns in a rapidly changing ocean. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 764:142816. [PMID: 33092841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tens of thousands of anthropogenic chemicals and wastes enter the marine environment each year as a consequence of the ever-increasing anthropogenic activities and demographic growth of the human population, which is majorly concentrated along coastal areas. Marine ecotoxicology has had a crucial role in helping shed light on the fate of chemicals in the environment, and improving our understanding of how they can affect natural ecosystems. However, chemical contamination is not occurring in isolation, but rather against a rapidly changing environmental horizon. Most environmental studies have been focusing on short-term within-generation responses of single life stages of single species to single stressors. As a consequence, one-dimensional ecotoxicology cannot enable us to appreciate the degree and magnitude of future impacts of chemicals on marine ecosystems. Current approaches that lack an evolutionary perspective within the context of ongoing and future local and global stressors will likely lead us to under or over estimations of the impacts that chemicals will exert on marine organisms. It is therefore urgent to define whether marine organisms can acclimate, i.e. adjust their phenotypes through transgenerational plasticity, or rapidly adapt, i.e. realign the population phenotypic performances to maximize fitness, to the new chemical environment within a selective horizon defined by global changes. To foster a significant advancement in this research area, we review briefly the history of ecotoxicology, synthesis our current understanding of the fate and impact of contaminants under global changes, and critically discuss the benefits and challenges of integrative approaches toward developing an evolutionary perspective in marine ecotoxicology: particularly through a multigenerational approach. The inclusion of multigenerational studies in Ecological Risk Assessment framework (ERA) would provide significant and more accurately information to help predict the risks of pollution in a rapidly changing ocean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Rodríguez-Romero
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain; Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Costera, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, 11519 Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - Javier R Viguri
- Green Engineering & Resources Research Group (GER), Departamento de Química e Ingeniería de Procesos y Recursos, ETSIIT, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. de los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Piero Calosi
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rivera HE, Chen CY, Gibson MC, Tarrant AM. Plasticity in parental effects confers rapid larval thermal tolerance in the estuarine anemone Nematostella vectensis. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:jeb.236745. [PMID: 33547184 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.236745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Parental effects can prepare offspring for different environments and facilitate survival across generations. We exposed parental populations of the estuarine anemone, Nematostella vectensis, from Massachusetts to elevated temperatures and quantified larval mortality across a temperature gradient. We found that parental exposure to elevated temperatures resulted in a consistent increase in larval thermal tolerance, as measured by the temperature at which 50% of larvae die (LT50), with a mean increase in LT50 of 0.3°C. Larvae from subsequent spawns returned to baseline thermal thresholds when parents were returned to normal temperatures, indicating plasticity in these parental effects. Histological analyses of gametogenesis in females suggested that these dynamic shifts in larval thermal tolerance may be facilitated by maternal effects in non-overlapping gametic cohorts. We also compared larvae from North Carolina (a genetically distinct population with higher baseline thermal tolerance) and Massachusetts parents, and observed that larvae from heat-exposed Massachusetts parents had thermal thresholds comparable to those of larvae from unexposed North Carolina parents. North Carolina parents also increased larval thermal tolerance under the same high-temperature regime, suggesting that plasticity in parental effects is an inherent trait for N. vectensis Overall, we find that larval thermal tolerance in N. vectensis shows a strong genetic basis and can be modulated by parental effects. Further understanding of the mechanisms behind these shifts can elucidate the fate of thermally sensitive ectotherms in a rapidly changing thermal environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanny E Rivera
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (MIT-WHOI) Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, Cambridge and Woods Hole, MA, USA .,Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 64110, USA
| | - Cheng-Yi Chen
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Matthew C Gibson
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Ann M Tarrant
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Schneider D, Ramos AG, Córdoba‐Aguilar A. Multigenerational experimental simulation of climate change on an economically important insect pest. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:12893-12909. [PMID: 33304502 PMCID: PMC7713942 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term multigenerational experimental simulations of climate change on insect pests of economically and socially important crops are crucial to anticipate challenges for feeding humanity in the not-so-far future. Mexican bean weevil Zabrotes subfasciatus, is a worldwide pest that attacks the common bean Phaseolus vulgaris seeds, in crops and storage. We designed a long term (i.e., over 10 generations), experimental simulation of climate change by increasing temperature and CO2 air concentration in controlled conditions according to model predictions for 2100. Higher temperature and CO2 concentrations favored pest's egg-to-adult development survival, even at high female fecundity. It also induced a reduction of fat storage and increase of protein content but did not alter body size. After 10 generations of simulation, genetic adaptation was detected for total lipid content only, however, other traits showed signs of such process. Future experimental designs and methods similar to ours, are key for studying long-term effects of climate change through multigenerational experimental designs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Schneider
- Departamento de Ecología EvolutivaInstituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMéxicoMexico
| | - Alejandra G. Ramos
- Facultad de CienciasUniversidad Autónoma de Baja CaliforniaEnsenadaMexico
| | - Alex Córdoba‐Aguilar
- Departamento de Ecología EvolutivaInstituto de EcologíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMéxicoMexico
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Putnam HM, Ritson-Williams R, Cruz JA, Davidson JM, Gates RD. Environmentally-induced parental or developmental conditioning influences coral offspring ecological performance. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13664. [PMID: 32788607 PMCID: PMC7423898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70605-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The persistence of reef building corals is threatened by human-induced environmental change. Maintaining coral reefs into the future requires not only the survival of adults, but also the influx of recruits to promote genetic diversity and retain cover following adult mortality. Few studies examine the linkages among multiple life stages of corals, despite a growing knowledge of carryover effects in other systems. We provide a novel test of coral parental conditioning to ocean acidification (OA) and tracking of offspring for 6 months post-release to better understand parental or developmental priming impacts on the processes of offspring recruitment and growth. Coral planulation was tracked for 3 months following adult exposure to high pCO2 and offspring from the second month were reciprocally exposed to ambient and high pCO2 for an additional 6 months. Offspring of parents exposed to high pCO2 had greater settlement and survivorship immediately following release, retained survivorship benefits during 1 and 6 months of continued exposure, and further displayed growth benefits to at least 1 month post release. Enhanced performance of offspring from parents exposed to high conditions was maintained despite the survivorship in both treatments declining in continued exposure to OA. Conditioning of the adults while they brood their larvae, or developmental acclimation of the larvae inside the adult polyps, may provide a form of hormetic conditioning, or environmental priming that elicits stimulatory effects. Defining mechanisms of positive acclimatization, with potential implications for carry over effects, cross-generational plasticity, and multi-generational plasticity, is critical to better understanding ecological and evolutionary dynamics of corals under regimes of increasing environmental disturbance. Considering environmentally-induced parental or developmental legacies in ecological and evolutionary projections may better account for coral reef response to the chronic stress regimes characteristic of climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hollie M Putnam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA.
| | | | - Jolly Ann Cruz
- Micronesia Islands Nature Alliance, Garapan, Saipan, CNMI, 96950, USA
| | - Jennifer M Davidson
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i, Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Ruth D Gates
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i, Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dinh KV, Dinh HT, Pham HT, Selck H, Truong KN. Development of metal adaptation in a tropical marine zooplankton. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10212. [PMID: 32576953 PMCID: PMC7311422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67096-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropical marine ecosystems are highly vulnerable to pollution and climate change. It is relatively unknown how tropical species may develop an increased tolerance to these stressors and the cost of adaptations. We addressed these issues by exposing a keystone tropical marine copepod, Pseudodiaptomus annandalei, to copper (Cu) for 7 generations (F1–F7) during three treatments: control, Cu and pCu (the recovery treatment). In F7, we tested the “contaminant-induced climate change sensitivity” hypothesis (TICS) by exposing copepods to Cu and extreme temperature. We tracked fitness and productivity of all generations. In F1, Cu did not affect survival and grazing but decreased nauplii production. In F2-F4, male survival, grazing, and nauplii production were lower in Cu, but recovered in pCu, indicating transgenerational plasticity. Strikingly, in F5-F6 nauplii production of Cu-exposed females increased, and did not recover in pCu. The earlier result suggests an increased Cu tolerance while the latter result revealed its cost. In F7, extreme temperature resulted in more pronounced reductions in grazing, and nauplii production of Cu or pCu than in control, supporting TICS. The results suggest that widespread pollution in tropical regions may result in high vulnerability of species in these regions to climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khuong V Dinh
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA. .,Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark. .,Cam Ranh Centre for Tropical Marine Research and Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture, Nha Trang University, No 2 Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, Nha Trang City, Vietnam.
| | - Hanh T Dinh
- Northern National Broodstock Center for Mariculture, Research Institute for Aquaculture No 1, Xuan Dam Commune, Cat Ba, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Hong T Pham
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Thuyloi University, 175 Tay Son, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Henriette Selck
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kiem N Truong
- Department of Ecology, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Ha Noi, Vietnam.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mbande A, Tedder M, Chidawanyika F. Offspring diet supersedes the transgenerational effects of parental diet in a specialist herbivore Neolema abbreviata under manipulated foliar nitrogen variability. INSECT SCIENCE 2020; 27:361-374. [PMID: 30298557 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Diet quality influences organismal fitness within and across generations. For herbivorous insects, the transgenerational effects of diet remain relatively underexplored. Using a 3 × 3 × 2 factorial experiment, we evaluated how N enrichment in parental diets of Neolema abbreviata (Larcordaire) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), a biological control agent for Tradescantia fluminensis Vell. (Commelinaceae), may influence life history and performance of F1 and F2 offspring under reciprocal experiments. We found limited transgenerational effects of foliar nitrogen variability among life-history traits in both larvae and adults. Larval weight gain and mortality were responsive to parental diet contrary to feeding damage, pupal weight and duration taken to pupate. There were significant parental diet × test interactions in larval feeding damage, weight gain, pupal weight and time to pupation. Generally, offspring from parents under high N plants performed better even under low N test plants. Adult traits including oviposition selection, feeding weight and longevity did not respond to the effects of parental diet nor its interaction with test diet as was the case in the larval stage. However, the main effects of test diet were more important in determining adult performance in both generations suggesting limited sensitivity to parental diet in the adult stage. Our results show conflicting responses to parental diet between larvae and adults of the same generation among an insect species with both actively feeding larval and adult life stages. These transgenerational effects, or lack thereof, may have implications on the field performance of N. abbrevita under heterogeneous nutritional landscapes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abongile Mbande
- Weeds Division, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Council, Hilton, South Africa
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Michelle Tedder
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Frank Chidawanyika
- Weeds Division, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Council, Hilton, South Africa
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Green L, Havenhand JN, Kvarnemo C. Evidence of rapid adaptive trait change to local salinity in the sperm of an invasive fish. Evol Appl 2020; 13:533-544. [PMID: 32431734 PMCID: PMC7045711 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive species may quickly colonize novel environments, which could be attributed to both phenotypic plasticity and an ability to locally adapt. Reproductive traits are expected to be under strong selection when the new environment limits reproductive success of the invading species. This may be especially important for external fertilizers, which release sperm and eggs into the new environment. Despite adult tolerance to high salinity, the invasive fish Neogobius melanostomus (round goby) is absent from fully marine regions of the Baltic Sea, raising the possibility that its distribution is limited by tolerance during earlier life stages. Here, we investigate the hypothesis that the spread of N. melanostomus is limited by sperm function in novel salinities. We sampled sperm from two invasion fronts with higher and lower salinities in the Baltic Sea and tested them across a range of salinity levels. We found that sperm velocity and percentage of motile sperm declined in salinity levels higher and lower than those currently experienced by the Baltic Sea populations, with different performance curves for the two fronts. Sperm velocity also peaked closer to the home salinity conditions in each respective invasion front, with older localities showing an increased fit to local conditions. By calculating how the sperm velocity has changed over generations, we show this phenotypic shift to be in the range of other fish species under strong selection, indicating ongoing local adaptation or epigenetic acclimation to their novel environment. These results show that while immigrant reproductive dysfunction appears to at least partly limit the distribution of invasive N. melanostomus in the Baltic Sea, local adaptation to novel environments could enable future spread beyond their current boundaries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leon Green
- Department of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Linnaeus Centre for Marine Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Jonathan N. Havenhand
- Linnaeus Centre for Marine Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Department of Marine SciencesTjärnö Marine LaboratoryUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Charlotta Kvarnemo
- Department of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
- Linnaeus Centre for Marine Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jarrold MD, Chakravarti LJ, Gibbin EM, Christen F, Massamba-N'Siala G, Blier PU, Calosi P. Life-history trade-offs and limitations associated with phenotypic adaptation under future ocean warming and elevated salinity. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 374:20180428. [PMID: 30966961 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2018.0428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the life-history trade-offs and limitations, and the physiological mechanisms that are associated with phenotypic adaptation to future ocean conditions. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the within- and trans-generation life-history responses and aerobic capacity of a marine polychaete, Ophryotrocha labronica, to elevated temperature and elevated temperature combined with elevated salinity for its entire lifespan. In addition, transplants between treatments were carried out at both the egg mass and juvenile stage to identify the potential influence of developmental effects. Within-generation, life-history trade-offs caused by the timing of transplant were only detected under elevated temperature combined with elevated salinity conditions. Polychaetes transplanted at the egg mass stage grew slower and had lower activities of energy metabolism enzymes but reached a larger maximum body size and lived longer when compared with those transplanted as juveniles. Trans-generation exposure to both elevated temperature and elevated temperature and salinity conditions restored 20 and 21% of lifespan fecundity, respectively. Trans-generation exposure to elevated temperature conditions also resulted in a trade-off between juvenile growth rates and lifespan fecundity, with slower growers showing greater fecundity. Overall, our results suggest that future ocean conditions may select for slower growers. Furthermore, our results indicate that life-history trade-offs and limitations will be more prevalent with the shift of multiple global change drivers, and thus there will be greater constraints on adaptive potential. This article is part of the theme issue 'The role of plasticity in phenotypic adaptation to rapid environmental change'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Jarrold
- 1 Département de Biologie Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski , 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Quebec, Canada G5L 3A1.,2 College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University , Townsville, Queensland 4811 , Australia
| | - Leela J Chakravarti
- 1 Département de Biologie Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski , 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Quebec, Canada G5L 3A1.,2 College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University , Townsville, Queensland 4811 , Australia
| | - Emma M Gibbin
- 1 Département de Biologie Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski , 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Quebec, Canada G5L 3A1.,3 Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Felix Christen
- 1 Département de Biologie Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski , 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Quebec, Canada G5L 3A1
| | - Gloria Massamba-N'Siala
- 1 Département de Biologie Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski , 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Quebec, Canada G5L 3A1.,4 Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE-CNRS) , UMR 5175, Montpellier Cedex 5 , France
| | - Pierre U Blier
- 1 Département de Biologie Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski , 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Quebec, Canada G5L 3A1
| | - Piero Calosi
- 1 Département de Biologie Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski , 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Quebec, Canada G5L 3A1
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Byrne M, Foo SA, Ross PM, Putnam HM. Limitations of cross- and multigenerational plasticity for marine invertebrates faced with global climate change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2020; 26:80-102. [PMID: 31670444 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Although cross generation (CGP) and multigenerational (MGP) plasticity have been identified as mechanisms of acclimation to global change, the weight of evidence indicates that parental conditioning over generations is not a panacea to rescue stress sensitivity in offspring. For many species, there were no benefits of parental conditioning. Even when improved performance was observed, this waned over time within a generation or across generations and fitness declined. CGP and MGP studies identified resilient species with stress tolerant genotypes in wild populations and selected family lines. Several bivalves possess favourable stress tolerance and phenotypically plastic traits potentially associated with genetic adaptation to life in habitats where they routinely experience temperature and/or acidification stress. These traits will be important to help 'climate proof' shellfish ventures. Species that are naturally stress tolerant and those that naturally experience a broad range of environmental conditions are good candidates to provide insights into the physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in CGP and MGP. It is challenging to conduct ecologically relevant global change experiments over the long times commensurate with the pace of changing climate. As a result, many studies present stressors in a shock-type exposure at rates much faster than projected scenarios. With more gradual stressor introduction over longer experimental durations and in context with conditions species are currently acclimatized and/or adapted to, the outcomes for sensitive species might differ. We highlight the importance to understand primordial germ cell development and the timing of gametogenesis with respect to stressor exposure. Although multigenerational exposure to global change stressors currently appears limited as a universal tool to rescue species in the face of changing climate, natural proxies of future conditions (upwelling zones, CO2 vents, naturally warm habitats) show that phenotypic adjustment and/or beneficial genetic selection is possible for some species, indicating complex plasticity-adaptation interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Byrne
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shawna A Foo
- Center for Global Discovery and Conservation Science, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Pauline M Ross
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hollie M Putnam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bellworthy J, Spangenberg JE, Fine M. Feeding increases the number of offspring but decreases parental investment of Red Sea coral Stylophora pistillata. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:12245-12258. [PMID: 31832157 PMCID: PMC6854114 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful reproductive output and recruitment is crucial to coral persistence and recovery following anthropogenic stress. Feeding is known to alter coral physiology and increase resilience to bleaching.The goal of the study was to address the knowledge gap of the influence of feeding on reproductive output and offspring phenotype.Colonies of Stylophora pistillata from the Northern Gulf of Aqaba (Red Sea) were fed an Artemia diet or unfed for 5 months during gametogenesis, fertilization, and brooding. In addition, time to settlement and mortality of planulae were assessed at water temperatures ranging from winter temperature (22°C) to three degrees above average peak summer temperature (31°C). A range of physiological parameters was measured in parents and offspring.In brooding parents, feeding significantly increased protein concentration and more than tripled the number of released planulae. Planulae from unfed colonies had higher chlorophyll per symbiont concentration and concomitantly higher photosynthetic efficiency compared to planulae from fed parents. In settlement assays, planulae showed a similar thermal resistance as known for this Red Sea adult population. Mortality was greater in planulae from unfed parents at ambient and 3°C above ambient temperature despite higher per offspring investment in terms of total fatty acid content. Fatty acid profiles and relative abundances were generally conserved between different fed and unfed colonies but planulae were enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids relative to adults, that is, 16:1, 18:1, 20:1, 22:1, and 24:1 isomers.Ultimately the availability of zooplankton could influence population physiology and recruitment in corals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bellworthy
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life SciencesBar Ilan UniversityRamat GanIsrael
- The Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences in EilatEilatIsrael
| | - Jorge E. Spangenberg
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics (IDYST)University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland
| | - Maoz Fine
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life SciencesBar Ilan UniversityRamat GanIsrael
- The Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences in EilatEilatIsrael
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Extreme temperature impairs growth and productivity in a common tropical marine copepod. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4550. [PMID: 30872725 PMCID: PMC6418224 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40996-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Shallow, tropical marine ecosystems provide essential ecosystem goods and services, but it is unknown how these ecosystems will respond to the increased exposure to the temperature extremes that are likely to become more common as climate change progresses. To address this issue, we tracked the fitness and productivity of a key zooplankton species, the copepod Pseudodiaptomus annandalei, acclimated at two temperatures (30 and 34 °C) over three generations. 30 °C is the mean temperature in the shallow water of the coastal regions in Southeast Asia, while 34 °C simulated a temperature extreme that occurs frequently during the summer period. For each generation, we measured the size at maturity and reproductive success of individuals. In all three generations, we found strong negative effects of warming on all measured fitness-related parameters, including prolonged development time, reduced size at maturity, smaller clutch sizes, lower hatching success, and reduced naupliar production. Our results suggest that P. annandalei are already exposed to temperatures that exceed their upper thermal optimum. Increased exposure to extreme temperatures may reduce the abundance of these tropical marine copepods, and thus reduce the availability of resources to higher trophic levels.
Collapse
|
17
|
Calosi P, Putnam HM, Twitchett RJ, Vermandele F. Marine Metazoan Modern Mass Extinction: Improving Predictions by Integrating Fossil, Modern, and Physiological Data. ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE 2019; 11:369-390. [PMID: 30216738 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-010318-095106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Evolution, extinction, and dispersion are fundamental processes affecting marine biodiversity. Until recently, studies of extant marine systems focused mainly on evolution and dispersion, with extinction receiving less attention. Past extinction events have, however, helped shape the evolutionary history of marine ecosystems, with ecological and evolutionary legacies still evident in modern seas. Current anthropogenic global changes increase extinction risk and pose a significant threat to marine ecosystems, which are critical for human use and sustenance. The evaluation of these threats and the likely responses of marine ecosystems requires a better understanding of evolutionary processes that affect marine ecosystems under global change. Here, we discuss how knowledge of ( a) changes in biodiversity of ancient marine ecosystems to past extinctions events, ( b) the patterns of sensitivity and biodiversity loss in modern marine taxa, and ( c) the physiological mechanisms underpinning species' sensitivity to global change can be exploited and integrated to advance our critical thinking in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piero Calosi
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Quebec G5L 3A1, Canada; ,
| | - Hollie M Putnam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, USA;
| | - Richard J Twitchett
- Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom;
| | - Fanny Vermandele
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Quebec G5L 3A1, Canada; ,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Marine organisms' persistence hinges on the capacity for acclimatization and adaptation to the myriad of interacting environmental stressors associated with global climate change. In this context, epigenetics-mechanisms that facilitate phenotypic variation through genotype-environment interactions-are of great interest ecologically and evolutionarily. Our comprehensive review of marine environmental epigenetics guides our recommendations of four key areas for future research: the dynamics of wash-in and wash-out of epigenetic effects, the mechanistic understanding of the interplay of different epigenetic marks and the interaction with the microbiome, the capacity for and mechanisms of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, and the evolutionary implications of the interaction of genetic and epigenetic features. Emerging insights in marine environmental epigenetics can be applied to critical issues such as aquaculture, biomonitoring, and biological invasions, thereby improving our ability to explain and predict the responses of marine taxa to global climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Eirin-Lopez
- Environmental Epigenetics Laboratory, Center for Coastal Oceans Research, Institute for Water and Environment, Florida International University, North Miami, Florida 33181, USA;
| | - Hollie M Putnam
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bellworthy J, Menoud M, Krueger T, Meibom A, Fine M. Developmental carryover effects of ocean warming and acidification in corals from a potential climate refugium, the Gulf of Aqaba. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 222:jeb.186940. [PMID: 30446540 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.186940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Coral reefs are degrading from the effects of anthropogenic activities, including climate change. Under these stressors, their ability to survive depends upon existing phenotypic plasticity, but also transgenerational adaptation. Parental effects are ubiquitous in nature, yet empirical studies of these effects in corals are scarce, particularly in the context of climate change. This study exposed mature colonies of the common reef-building coral Stylophora pistillata from the Gulf of Aqaba to seawater conditions likely to occur just beyond the end of this century during the peak planulae brooding season (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5: pH -0.4 and +5°C beyond present day). Parent and planulae physiology were assessed at multiple time points during the experimental incubation. After 5 weeks of incubation, the physiology of the parent colonies exhibited limited treatment-induced changes. All significant time-dependent changes in physiology occurred in both ambient and treatment conditions. Planulae were also resistant to future ocean conditions, with protein content, symbiont density, photochemistry, survival and settlement success not significantly different compared with under ambient conditions. High variability in offspring physiology was independent of parental or offspring treatments and indicate the use of a bet-hedging strategy in this population. This study thus demonstrates weak climate-change-associated carryover effects. Furthermore, planulae display temperature and pH resistance similar to those of adult colonies and therefore do not represent a larger future population size bottleneck. The findings add support to the emerging hypothesis that the Gulf of Aqaba may serve as a coral climate change refugium aided by these corals' inherent broad physiological resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bellworthy
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel .,The Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences in Eilat, P.O. Box 469, Eilat 88103, Israel
| | - Malika Menoud
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Krueger
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anders Meibom
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.,Institute of Earth Sciences, Center for Advanced Surface Analysis, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maoz Fine
- The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.,The Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences in Eilat, P.O. Box 469, Eilat 88103, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Borges FO, Figueiredo C, Sampaio E, Rosa R, Grilo TF. Transgenerational deleterious effects of ocean acidification on the reproductive success of a keystone crustacean (Gammarus locusta). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 138:55-64. [PMID: 29692336 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification (OA) poses a global threat to marine biodiversity. Notwithstanding, marine organisms may maintain their performance under future OA conditions, either through acclimation or evolutionary adaptation. Surprisingly, the transgenerational effects of high CO2 exposure in crustaceans are still poorly understood. For the first time, the present study investigated the transgenerational effect of OA, from hatching to maturity, of a key amphipod species (Gammarus locusta). Negative transgenerational effects were observed on survival of the acidified lineage, resulting in significant declines (10-15%) compared to the control groups in each generation. Mate-guarding duration was also significantly reduced under high CO2 and this effect was not alleviated by transgenerational acclimation, indicating that precopulatory behaviours can be disturbed under a future high CO2 scenario. Although OA may initially stimulate female investment, transgenerational exposure led to a general decline in egg number and fecundity. Overall, the present findings suggest a potential fitness reduction of natural populations of G. locusta in a future high CO2 ocean, emphasizing the need of management tools towards species' sustainability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco O Borges
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal.
| | - Cátia Figueiredo
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Sampaio
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
| | - Rui Rosa
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
| | - Tiago F Grilo
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 2750-374, Cascais, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
McDonald KS, Hobday AJ, Fulton EA, Thompson PA. Interdisciplinary knowledge exchange across scales in a globally changing marine environment. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2018; 24:3039-3054. [PMID: 29656423 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The effects of anthropogenic global environmental change on biotic and abiotic processes have been reported in aquatic systems across the world. Complex synergies between concurrent environmental stressors and the resilience of the system to regime shifts, which vary in space and time, determine the capacity for marine systems to maintain structure and function with global environmental change. Consequently, an interdisciplinary approach that facilitates the development of new methods for the exchange of knowledge between scientists across multiple scales is required to effectively understand, quantify and predict climate impacts on marine ecosystem services. We use a literature review to assess the limitations and assumptions of current pathways to exchange interdisciplinary knowledge and the transferability of research findings across spatial and temporal scales and levels of biological organization to advance scientific understanding of global environmental change in marine systems. We found that species-specific regional scale climate change research is most commonly published, and "supporting" is the ecosystem service most commonly referred to in publications. In addition, our paper outlines a trajectory for the future development of integrated climate change science for sustaining marine ecosystem services such as investment in interdisciplinary education and connectivity between disciplines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alistair J Hobday
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tas., Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas., Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Fulton
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, Tas., Australia
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas., Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Moreira A, Figueira E, Pecora IL, Soares AMVM, Freitas R. Native and exotic oysters in Brazil: Comparative tolerance to hypercapnia. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 161:202-211. [PMID: 29156343 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmental hypercapnia in shallow coastal marine ecosystems can be exacerbated by increasing levels of atmospheric CO2. In these ecosystems organisms are expected to become increasingly subjected to pCO2 levels several times higher than those inhabiting ocean waters (e.g.: 10,000µatm), but still our current understanding on different species capacity to respond to such levels of hypercapnia is limited. Oysters are among the most important foundation species inhabiting these coastal ecosystems, although natural oyster banks are increasingly threatened worldwide. In the present study we studied the effects of hypercapnia on two important oyster species, the pacific oyster C. gigas and the mangrove oyster C. brasiliana, to bring new insights on different species response mechanisms towards three hypercapnic levels (ca. 1,000; 4,000; 10,000 µatm), by study of a set of biomarkers related to metabolic potential (electron transport system - ETS), antioxidant capacity (SOD, CAT, GSH), cellular damage (LPO) and energetic fitness (GLY), in two life stages (juvenile and adult) after 28 days of exposure. Results showed marked differences between each species tolerance capacity to hypercapnia, with contrasting metabolic readjustment strategies (ETS), different antioxidant response capacities (SOD, CAT, GSH), which generally allowed to prevent increased cellular damage (LPO) and energetic impairment (GLY) in both species. Juveniles were more responsive to hypercapnia stress in both congeners, and are likely to be most sensitive to extreme hypercapnia in the environment. Juvenile C. gigas presented more pronounced biochemical alterations at intermediate hypercapnia (4,000µatm) than C. brasiliana. Adult C. gigas showed biochemical alterations mostly in response to high hypercapnia (10,000µatm), while adult C. brasiliana were less responsive to this environmental stressor, despite presenting decreased metabolic potential. Our data bring new insights on the biochemical performance of two important oyster species, and suggest that the duration of extreme hypercapnia events in the ecosystem may pose increased challenges for these organisms as their tolerance capacity may be time limited.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Moreira
- Departmento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Departmento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Iracy L Pecora
- Campus do Litoral Paulista - Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Praça Infante Dom Henrique s/n São Vicente, CEP 11330-900 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Departmento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Departmento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gibbin EM, Massamba N'Siala G, Chakravarti LJ, Jarrold MD, Calosi P. The evolution of phenotypic plasticity under global change. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17253. [PMID: 29222433 PMCID: PMC5722875 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17554-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine ecosystems are currently in a state of flux, with ocean warming and acidification occurring at unprecedented rates. Phenotypic plasticity underpins acclimatory responses by shifting the mean phenotype in a population, which may buffer the negative effects of global change. However, little is known about how phenotypic plasticity evolves across multiple generations. We tested this by reciprocally-transplanting the polychaete Ophryotrocha labronica between control and global change scenarios (ocean warming and acidification in isolation and combined) over five generations. By comparing the reaction norms of four life-history traits across generations, we show that juvenile developmental rate in the combined scenario was the only trait that changed its plastic response across generations when transplanted back to control conditions, and that adaptive plasticity was conserved in most traits, despite significant levels of selection and strong declines in individual fitness in the multi-generational exposure. We suggest the change in level of plasticity in the combined scenario is caused by differential allocation of energy between the mean and the plasticity of the trait along the multigenerational exposure. The ability to maintain within-generational levels of plasticity under global change scenarios has important eco-evolutionary and conservation implications, which are examined under the framework of assisted evolution programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Gibbin
- Département de Biologie Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1, Canada.
- Laboratory for Biological Geochemistry, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Gloria Massamba N'Siala
- Département de Biologie Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1, Canada
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE- CNRS), Montpellier, Cedex 5, UMR 5175, France
| | - Leela J Chakravarti
- Département de Biologie Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1, Canada
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael D Jarrold
- Département de Biologie Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1, Canada
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Queensland, Australia
| | - Piero Calosi
- Département de Biologie Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Courtney Jones SK, Byrne PG. What role does heritability play in transgenerational phenotypic responses to captivity? Implications for managing captive populations. Zoo Biol 2017; 36:397-406. [DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie K. Courtney Jones
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions; School of Biological Sciences; University of Wollongong; Wollongong Australia
| | - Phillip G. Byrne
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions; School of Biological Sciences; University of Wollongong; Wollongong Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Bechmann RK, Lyng E, Berry M, Kringstad A, Westerlund S. Exposing Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) to fish feed containing the antiparasitic drug diflubenzuron caused high mortality during molting. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2017; 80:941-953. [PMID: 28876214 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1352213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Use of the chitin synthesis inhibitor diflubenzuron (DFB) as an antiparasitic drug in salmon aquaculture raises concern over its impact on marine ecosystems. Further, global drivers, such as ocean warming and acidification (OAW), may increase the toxicity of hazardous substances including DFB. The aim of the present study was to examine the combined effects of DFB-medicated salmon feed on ovigerous Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) under Control (pHNBS 8.0, 7.0ºC) and OAW conditions (pHNBS 7.6, 9.5ºC). DFB-exposed shrimp consumed on average 0.1-0.3 g medicated feed during the 2-week exposure period, and high mortality (61-73%) was documented at both environmental conditions. There was no significant interaction between OAW and DFB. Only 2-7% of DFB-exposed shrimp molted successfully compared to 65% in Control and 63% in OAW. The shrimp molted earlier (shorter intermolt period) and exhibited higher feeding rate at OAW compared to Control conditions. An additional experiment, where female shrimp were exposed to DFB closer to molting, noted increased mortality after only 4 d exposure, and successful molting for some shrimp after 2 to 3 weeks of depuration. High mortality of shrimp exposed to DFB-medicated feed indicates that the use of this feed in aquaculture could affect local shrimp populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Lyng
- a International Research Institute of Stavanger (IRIS) , Randaberg , Norway
| | - Mark Berry
- a International Research Institute of Stavanger (IRIS) , Randaberg , Norway
| | | | - Stig Westerlund
- a International Research Institute of Stavanger (IRIS) , Randaberg , Norway
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Foo SA, Byrne M. Marine gametes in a changing ocean: Impacts of climate change stressors on fecundity and the egg. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 128:12-24. [PMID: 28237403 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In marine invertebrates, the environmental history of the mother can influence fecundity and egg size. Acclimation of females in climate change stressors, increased temperature and low pH, results in a decrease in egg number and size in many taxa, with the exception of cephalopods, where eggs increase in size. With respect to spawned eggs, near future levels of ocean acidification can interfere with the egg's block to polyspermy and intracellular pH. Reduction of the extracellular egg jelly coat seen in low pH conditions has implications for impaired egg function and fertilization. Some fast generation species (e.g. copepods, polychaetes) have shown restoration of female reproductive output after several generations in treatments. It will be important to determine if the changes to egg number and size induced by exposure to climate change stressors are heritable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shawna A Foo
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Maria Byrne
- Schools of Medical and Biological Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|