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Park DY, Lee O, Lee YH, Lee CG, Kim YS. Relationship between Change in Physical Activity and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Obes Metab Syndr 2024; 33:121-132. [PMID: 38852947 PMCID: PMC11224919 DOI: 10.7570/jomes24007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigates the relationship between changes in physical activity levels and risk of metabolic syndrome. Methods This study examined 1,686 adults aged 40 to 69 years from a community-based cohort study with complete 1st to 4th follow-up data between 2011 and 2020. Changes in physical activity were evaluated through baseline and follow-up surveys using physical activity questionnaires. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. A survival analysis was conducted using a multivariate extended Cox regression model with a significance level set at P<0.05. Results Participants were divided into groups according to physical activity levels. The newly inactive group (vigorous physical activity ≤150 minutes at first follow-up) had a 36% increase in the hazard ratio (HR) for metabolic syndrome compared with the consistently inactive group (≤150 minutes at both baseline and first follow-up) (HR, 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04 to 1.79). The newly active group (walking ≤420 minutes per week at baseline and >420 minutes per week at first follow-up) had a 25% decrease in the HR for metabolic syndrome compared with the consistently inactive group (walking ≤420 minutes per week at both baseline and first follow-up) (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.98). Conclusion Changes in physical activity levels are associated with risk of metabolic syndrome. These results provide important insights for future investigations into the link between physical activity changes and disease occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doo Yong Park
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - On Lee
- Department of Sport Science, Korea Institute of Sport Science, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Ho Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chung Gun Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Kim
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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2
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Leale I, Di Stefano V, Costanza C, Brighina F, Roccella M, Palma A, Battaglia G. Telecoaching: a potential new training model for Charcot-Marie-Tooth patients: a systematic review. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1359091. [PMID: 38784904 PMCID: PMC11112069 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1359091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is an inherited neuropathy that affects the sensory and motor nerves. It can be considered the most common neuromuscular disease, with a prevalence of 1/2500. Methods Considering the absence of a specific medical treatment and the benefits shown by physical activity in this population, a systematic review was completed using several search engines (Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science) to analyze the use, effectiveness, and safety of a training program performed in telecoaching (TC). TC is a new training mode that uses mobile devices and digital technology to ensure remote access to training. Results Of the 382 studies identified, only 7 met the inclusion criteria. The effects of a TC training program included improvements in strength, cardiovascular ability, and functional abilities, as well as gait and fatigue. However, the quality of the studies was moderate, the size of the participants in each study was small, and the outcome measured was partial. Discussion Although many studies have identified statistically significant changes following the administration of the TC training protocol, further studies are needed, with appropriate study power, better quality, and a higher sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignazio Leale
- Sport and Exercise Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Ph.D. Program in Health Promotion and Cognitive Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Stefano
- Neurology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carola Costanza
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Filippo Brighina
- Neurology Unit, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics (BiND), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Michele Roccella
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Palma
- Sport and Exercise Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Battaglia
- Sport and Exercise Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Regional Sports School of Italian National Olympic Committee (CONI) Sicilia, Palermo, Italy
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Chen YC, Chen WC, Liu CW, Huang WY, Lu IC, Lin CW, Huang RY, Chen JS, Huang CH. Is moderate resistance training adequate for older adults with sarcopenia? A systematic review and network meta-analysis of RCTs. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2023; 20:22. [PMID: 38030985 PMCID: PMC10687931 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-023-00333-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance training (RT) and nutritional supplementation are recommended for the management of sarcopenia in older adults. However, optimal RT intensity for the treatment of sarcopenia has not been well investigated. METHODS This network meta-analysis aims to determine the comparative effectiveness of interventions for sarcopenia, taking RT intensity into consideration. RT intensity was classified into light-to-moderate intensity RT(LMRT), moderate intensity RT(MRT), and moderate-to-vigorous intensity RT(MVRT) based on percentage of one repetition maximum (%1RM) and/or rating of perceived exertion. RESULTS A total of 50 RCTs (N = 4,085) were included after screening 3,485 articles. The results confirmed that RT with or without nutrition was positively associated with improved measures of muscle strength and physical performance. Regarding RT intensity, LMRT only demonstrated positive effects on hand grip (aerobic training + LMRT + nutrition: mean difference [MD] = 2.88; 95% credential intervals [CrI] = 0.43,5.32). MRT provided benefits on improvement in the 30-s chair stand test (repetitions) (MRT: MD = 2.98, 95% CrI = 0.35,5.59), timed up and go test (MRT: MD = -1.74, 95% CrI: = -3.34,-0.56), hand grip (MRT: MD = 2.44; 95% CrI = 0.03,5.70), and leg press (MRT: MD = 8.36; 95% CrI = 1.87,13.4). MVRT also improved chair stand test repetitions (MVRT: MD = 5.64, 95% CrI = 0.14,11.4), gait speed (MVRT + nutrition: MD = 0.21, 95% CrI = 0.003,0.48), appendicular skeletal muscle index (MVRT + nutrition: MD = 0.25, 95% CrI = 0.01,0.5), and leg press (MVRT: MD = 14.7, 95% CrI: 5.96,22.4; MVRT + nutrition: MD = 17.8, 95% CrI: 7.55,28.6). CONCLUSION MVRT had greater benefits on muscle mass, lower extremity strength, and physical performance compared to MRT. Increasing RT intensity may be recommended for sarcopenic older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chang Chen
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No. 1, Yida Road, Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Wang-Chun Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No. 1, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Liu
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No. 1, Yida Road, Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Huang
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No. 1, Yida Road, Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan
| | - ICheng Lu
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No. 1, Yida Road, Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, No. 8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chi Wei Lin
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No. 1, Yida Road, Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, No. 8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Ru Yi Huang
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No. 1, Yida Road, Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, No. 8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan
- Data Science Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia sinica, No.1, Section 4, Roosevelt Rd, Da'an District, Taipei City, 10617, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Jung Sheng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No. 1, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Chi Hsien Huang
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, No. 1, Yida Road, Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, No. 8, Yida Rd., Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan.
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Petrigna L, Musumeci G. 3D Analysis of Human Movement, Sport, and Health Promotion. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023; 8:157. [PMID: 37987493 PMCID: PMC10660536 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk8040157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This Special Issue, "3D Analysis of Human Movement, Sport, and Health Promotion", aimed to collect studies that assessed motor functions and alterations [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Petrigna
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy;
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Parnow A, Hafedh M, Tsunoda I, Patel DI, Baker JS, Saeidi A, Bagchi S, Sengupta P, Dutta S, Łuszczki E, Stolarczyk A, Oleksy Ł, Al Kiyumi MH, Laher I, Zouhal H. Effectiveness of exercise interventions in animal models of multiple sclerosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1143766. [PMID: 37089595 PMCID: PMC10116993 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1143766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with an impaired immune system that severely affects the spinal cord and brain, and which is marked by progressive inflammatory demyelination. Patients with MS may benefit from exercise training as a suggested course of treatment. The most commonly used animal models of studies on MS are experimental autoimmune/allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) models. The present review intends to concisely discuss the interventions using EAE models to understand the effectiveness of exercise as treatment for MS patients and thereby provide clear perspective for future research and MS management. For the present literature review, relevant published articles on EAE animal models that reported the impacts of exercise on MS, were extracted from various databases. Existing literature support the concept that an exercise regimen can reduce the severity of some of the clinical manifestations of EAE, including neurological signs, motor function, pain, and cognitive deficits. Further results demonstrate the mechanisms of EAE suppression with information relating to the immune system, demyelination, regeneration, and exercise in EAE. The role for neurotrophic factors has also been investigated. Analyzing the existing reports, this literature review infers that EAE is a suitable animal model that can help researchers develop further understanding and treatments for MS. Besides, findings from previous animal studies supports the contention that exercise assists in ameliorating MS progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolhossein Parnow
- Department of Sport Biological Sciences, Physical Education and Sports Sciences Faculty, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
- *Correspondence: Abdolhossein Parnow,
| | - Muthanna Hafedh
- Department of Exercise Physiology, General Directorate of Education Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
- Department of Sports Activities, College of Adm&Eco/Qurna, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Ikuo Tsunoda
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Darpan I. Patel
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ayoub Saeidi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Sovan Bagchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Sovan Bagchi,
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sulagna Dutta
- School of Medical Sciences, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai, India
| | - Edyta Łuszczki
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszów University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Artur Stolarczyk
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Oleksy
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maisa Hamed Al Kiyumi
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- University of Rennes, M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé) - EA 1274, Rennes, France
- Institute International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), Irodouër, France
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6
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Makita S, Yasu T, Akashi YJ, Adachi H, Izawa H, Ishihara S, Iso Y, Ohuchi H, Omiya K, Ohya Y, Okita K, Kimura Y, Koike A, Kohzuki M, Koba S, Sata M, Shimada K, Shimokawa T, Shiraishi H, Sumitomo N, Takahashi T, Takura T, Tsutsui H, Nagayama M, Hasegawa E, Fukumoto Y, Furukawa Y, Miura SI, Yasuda S, Yamada S, Yamada Y, Yumino D, Yoshida T, Adachi T, Ikegame T, Izawa KP, Ishida T, Ozasa N, Osada N, Obata H, Kakutani N, Kasahara Y, Kato M, Kamiya K, Kinugawa S, Kono Y, Kobayashi Y, Koyama T, Sase K, Sato S, Shibata T, Suzuki N, Tamaki D, Yamaoka-Tojo M, Nakanishi M, Nakane E, Nishizaki M, Higo T, Fujimi K, Honda T, Matsumoto Y, Matsumoto N, Miyawaki I, Murata M, Yagi S, Yanase M, Yamada M, Yokoyama M, Watanabe N, Ito H, Kimura T, Kyo S, Goto Y, Nohara R, Hirata KI. JCS/JACR 2021 Guideline on Rehabilitation in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease. Circ J 2022; 87:155-235. [PMID: 36503954 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-22-0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeru Makita
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center
| | - Takanori Yasu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Nephrology, Dokkyo Medical University Nikko Medical Center
| | - Yoshihiro J Akashi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine
| | - Hitoshi Adachi
- Department of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center
| | - Hideo Izawa
- Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University of Medicine
| | - Shunichi Ishihara
- Department of Psychology, Bunkyo University Faculty of Human Sciences
| | - Yoshitaka Iso
- Division of Cardiology, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital
| | - Hideo Ohuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | | | - Yusuke Ohya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nephrology and Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus
| | - Koichi Okita
- Graduate School of Lifelong Sport, Hokusho University
| | - Yutaka Kimura
- Department of Health Sciences, Kansai Medical University Hospital
| | - Akira Koike
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba
| | - Masahiro Kohzuki
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Shinji Koba
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine
| | - Masataka Sata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Kazunori Shimada
- Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine
| | | | - Hirokazu Shiraishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Naokata Sumitomo
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center
| | - Tetsuya Takahashi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Juntendo University
| | - Tomoyuki Takura
- Department of Healthcare Economics and Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Hiroyuki Tsutsui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | | | - Emiko Hasegawa
- Faculty of Psychology and Social Welfare, Seigakuin University
| | - Yoshihiro Fukumoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Yutaka Furukawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital
| | | | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Sumio Yamada
- Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yuichiro Yamada
- Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kansai Electric Power Hospital
| | | | | | - Takuji Adachi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Neiko Ozasa
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Hospital
| | - Naohiko Osada
- Department of Physical Checking, St. Marianna University Toyoko Hospital
| | - Hiroaki Obata
- Division of Internal Medicine, Niigata Minami Hospital.,Division of Rehabilitation, Niigata Minami Hospital
| | | | - Yusuke Kasahara
- Department of Rehabilitation, St. Marianna University Yokohama Seibu Hospital
| | - Masaaki Kato
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Morinomiya Hospital
| | - Kentaro Kamiya
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Shintaro Kinugawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Yuji Kono
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fujita Health University Hospital
| | - Yasuyuki Kobayashi
- Department of Medical Technology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center
| | | | - Kazuhiro Sase
- Clinical Pharmacology and Regulatory Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University
| | - Shinji Sato
- Department of Physical Therapy, Teikyo Heisei University
| | - Tatsuhiro Shibata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine
| | - Norio Suzuki
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine
| | - Daisuke Tamaki
- Department of Nutrition, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital
| | - Minako Yamaoka-Tojo
- Department of Rehabilitation, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Michio Nakanishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | | | - Mari Nishizaki
- Department of Rehabilitation, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center
| | - Taiki Higo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University
| | - Kanta Fujimi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fukuoka University Hospital
| | - Tasuku Honda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hyogo Brain and Heart Center
| | - Yasuharu Matsumoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shioya Hospital, International University of Health and Welfare
| | | | - Ikuko Miyawaki
- Department of Nursing, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences
| | - Makoto Murata
- Department of Cardiology, Gunma Prefectural Cardiovascular Center
| | - Shusuke Yagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Masanobu Yanase
- Department of Transplantation, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | | | - Miho Yokoyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Takeshi Kimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Syunei Kyo
- Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Medical Center
| | | | | | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine
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7
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Edelmann D, Pfirrmann D, Heller S, Dietz P, Reichel JL, Werner AM, Schäfer M, Tibubos AN, Deci N, Letzel S, Simon P, Kalo K. Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in University Students–The Role of Gender, Age, Field of Study, Targeted Degree, and Study Semester. Front Public Health 2022; 10:821703. [PMID: 35784227 PMCID: PMC9244168 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.821703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are modifiable risk factors for an unhealthy lifestyle in university students. The aim of this study was to identify subgroups among German university students with an increased risk for unhealthy behavior. For this purpose, differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior with respect to sociodemographic and study related factors were examined. Methods A total of 4,351 students participated in an online survey. The amount of physical activity (metabolic equivalent of task-min/week) and the sitting time (h/day) were assessed using the German short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Differences in gender and age as well as field of study, targeted degree and study semester were analyzed using a single factorial ANOVA with Tukey correction or a Welch-ANOVA with Games-Howell correction. Results For physical activity, significant differences were found for gender (F(2, 80.46) = 17.79, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.009), for field of study (F(5, 1738.09) = 7.41, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.01), and for study semester (F(1, 948.12) = 5.53, p < 0.05, ηp2 =0.001), but not for age and targeted degree (p > 0.05). For sedentary behavior, significant differences were found for field of study (F(5, 3816) = 5.69, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.01) and targeted degree (F(3, 3868) = 3.94, p < 0.01, ηp2 = 0.003), but not for gender, age and study semester (p > 0.05). Conclusion Female students, students enrolled in “natural sciences, mathematics and informatics” and first year students appear to have an increased risk of an unhealthy lifestyle. Future research should identify barriers to and incentives of physical activity as well as reasons for high amounts of SB in sub-populations of university students. Suitable prevention and intervention programs are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Edelmann
- Department of Sports Medicine, Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel Pfirrmann
- Department of Sports Medicine, Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Heller
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre of the University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Pavel Dietz
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre of the University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jennifer L. Reichel
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre of the University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Antonia M. Werner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus Schäfer
- Department of Communication, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ana N. Tibubos
- Diagnostics in Healthcare and E-Health, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Nicole Deci
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Letzel
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre of the University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Perikles Simon
- Department of Sports Medicine, Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kristin Kalo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Disease Prevention and Rehabilitation, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Centre of the University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- *Correspondence: Kristin Kalo
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8
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Taylor JL, Medina-Inojosa JR, Chacin-Suarez A, Smith JR, Squires RW, Thomas RJ, Johnson BD, Olson TP, Bonikowske AR. Age-Related Differences for Cardiorespiratory Fitness Improvement in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Rehabilitation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:872757. [PMID: 35498026 PMCID: PMC9047908 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.872757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We investigated age-related differences for peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) improvement with exercise training during cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Patients and Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of the Mayo Clinic Rochester CR program including adult patients who attended CR (≥1 session) for any eligible indication between 1999 and 2017 and who had a cardiopulmonary exercise test pre and post CR with VO2 data (peak respiratory exchange ratio ≥1.0). Younger (20–49 yrs), midlife (50–64 yrs), and older adults (≥65 yrs) were compared using ANOVA for delta and percent change in peak VO2; and percentage of peak VO2 responders (>0% change). Results 708 patients (age: 60.8 ± 12.1 years; 24% female) met inclusion criteria. Delta and percent change in peak VO2 was lower for older adults (1.6 ± 3.2 mL.kg.min−1; 12 ± 27%) compared with younger (3.7 ± 4.0 mL.kg.min−1, p < 0.001; 23 ± 28%, p = 0.002) and midlife adults (2.8 ± 3.8 mL.kg.min−1, p < 0.001; 17 ± 28%, p = 0.04). For midlife, delta change, but not percent change in peak VO2 was significantly lower (p = 0.02) compared with younger. Percentage of responders was only different between older and younger (72 vs. 86%; p = 0.008). Sensitivity analyses in non-surgical patients showed similar differences for delta change, and differences in percent change remained significant between older and younger adults (10 ± 20% vs. 16 ± 18%; p = 0.04). Conclusions In CR patients, older adults had lower improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness than younger and midlife adults. While excluding surgical patients reduced age-related differences, older adults still had lower cardiorespiratory fitness improvement during CR. These findings may have implications for individualizing CR programming in aging populations to reduce future cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L. Taylor
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Human Integrative and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- *Correspondence: Jenna L. Taylor
| | - Jose R. Medina-Inojosa
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Audry Chacin-Suarez
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Joshua R. Smith
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Ray W. Squires
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Randal J. Thomas
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Bruce D. Johnson
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- Human Integrative and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Thomas P. Olson
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Amanda R. Bonikowske
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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9
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Adeel M, Chen HC, Lin BS, Lai CH, Wu CW, Kang JH, Liou JC, Peng CW. Oxygen Consumption (VO 2) and Surface Electromyography (sEMG) during Moderate-Strength Training Exercises. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042233. [PMID: 35206420 PMCID: PMC8872100 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen consumption (VO2) during strength training can be predicted through surface electromyography (sEMG) of local muscles. This research aimed to determine relations between VO2 and sEMG of upper and lower body muscles to predict VO2 from sEMG during moderate-intensity strength training exercises. Of the 12 participants recruited, 11 were divided into two groups: untrained (n = 5; with no training experience) and trained (n = 6; with 2 months of training experience). On different days, each individual completed six training sessions. Each participant performed training sessions consisting of three types of dumbbell exercises: shoulder press, deadlift, and squat, while wearing a mask for indirect calorimetric measurements of VO2 using the Cortex Metalyzer 3B. sEMG measurements of the bilateral middle deltoid, lumbar erector spinae, quadriceps (rectus femoris), and hamstring (biceps femoris) muscles were recorded. The VO2 was predicted from sEMG root mean square (RMS) values of the investigated muscles during the exercise period using generalized estimating equation (GEE) modeling. The predicted models for the three types of exercises for the untrained vs. trained groups were shoulder press [QIC = 102, * p = 0.000 vs. QIC = 82, * p = 0.000], deadlift [QIC = 172, * p = 0.000 vs. QIC = 320, * p = 0.026], and squat [QIC = 76, * p = 0.000 vs. QIC = 348, * p = 0.001], respectively. It was observed that untrained vs. trained groups predicted GEE models [quasi-likelihood under an independence model criterion (QIC) = 368, p = 0.330 vs. QIC = 837, p = 0.058], respectively. The study obtained significant VO2 prediction models during shoulder press, deadlift, and squat exercises using the right and left middle deltoid, right and left lumbar erector spinae, left rectus femoris, and right and left biceps femoris sEMG RMS for the untrained and trained groups during moderate-intensity strength training exercises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adeel
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-W.W.); (J.-C.L.)
| | - Hung-Chou Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.-C.C.); (C.-H.L.); (J.-H.K.)
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Shing Lin
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taipei University, New Taipei City 237, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Hung Lai
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.-C.C.); (C.-H.L.); (J.-H.K.)
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-W.W.); (J.-C.L.)
| | - Jiunn-Horng Kang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.-C.C.); (C.-H.L.); (J.-H.K.)
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Chiun Liou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-W.W.); (J.-C.L.)
| | - Chih-Wei Peng
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-W.W.); (J.-C.L.)
- School of Gerontology Health Management, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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10
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Impact of Centre-of-Mass Acceleration on Perceived Exertion, the Metabolic Equivalent and Heart Rate Reserve in Triathlete Spin Cycling: A Pilot Study. J Hum Kinet 2022; 81:41-52. [PMID: 35291642 PMCID: PMC8884878 DOI: 10.2478/hukin-2022-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Indoor spin cycling has gained popularity as a training modality for triathletes. Part of its appeal is that it can form a component of a structured periodised training program and provide an alternative to outdoor cycling. Indices of physiological components (i.e., the metabolic equivalent, caloric cost, perceived exertion) and changes in the body position can be inferred by wearable technology such as an accelerometer. This pilot study aimed to investigate the relationship between the rating of perceived exertion, heart rate reserve, and the metabolic equivalent between the whole body centre of mass acceleration using a sacrum mounted triaxial accelerometer during 20 minutes of 6 varied power conditions of indoor spin cycling. Compared with other conditions, cycling at a steady state (>152-205 W) resulted in extremely large effects (> 0.9) in mediolateral acceleration and the rating of perceived exertion (p < 0.0001). The relationship between the body position (aerodynamic to drops) induced significant changes in anteroposterior acceleration magnitude (p < 0.0001), although moving from drops to the aerodynamic position was not significant despite a large increase in heart rate reserve and extremely large effects of perceived exertion. The rating of perceived exertion scale and the metabolic equivalent comparative to the whole body centre of mass acceleration magnitude and power displayed a strong correlation (r = 0.865). An individually determined whole body centre of mass accelerations combined with perceived exertion, the metabolic equivalent and heart rate reserve could potentially contribute to improved indoor triathlete spin cycling performance.
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Acute Effect of Static Stretching, PNF and Motor Imagery on Hamstring Flexibility. JOURNAL OF BASIC AND CLINICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.30621/jbachs.1005358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Gatterer H, Dünnwald T, Turner R, Csapo R, Schobersberger W, Burtscher M, Faulhaber M, Kennedy MD. Practicing Sport in Cold Environments: Practical Recommendations to Improve Sport Performance and Reduce Negative Health Outcomes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9700. [PMID: 34574624 PMCID: PMC8471173 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although not a barrier to perform sport, cold weather environments (low ambient temperature, high wind speeds, and increased precipitation, i.e., rain/water/snow) may influence sport performance. Despite the obvious requirement for practical recommendations and guidelines to better facilitate training and competition in such cold environments, the current scientific evidence-base is lacking. Nonetheless, this review summarizes the current available knowledge specifically related to the physiological impact of cold exposure, in an attempt to provide practitioners and coaches alike with practical recommendations to minimize any potential negative performance effects, mitigate health issues, and best optimize athlete preparation across various sporting disciplines. Herein, the review is split into sections which explore some of the key physiological effects of cold exposure on performance (i.e., endurance exercise capacity and explosive athletic power), potential health issues (short-term and long-term), and what is currently known with regard to best preparation or mitigation strategies considered to negate the potential negative effects of cold on performance. Specific focus is given to "winter" sports that are usually completed in cold environments and practical recommendations for physical preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Gatterer
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy;
| | - Tobias Dünnwald
- Institute for Sports Medicine, Alpine Medicine and Health Tourism (ISAG), UMIT, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, 6060 Hall i.T., Tirol, Austria and Tirol-Kliniken GmbH, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (T.D.); (W.S.)
| | - Rachel Turner
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, 39100 Bolzano, Italy;
| | - Robert Csapo
- Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Wolfgang Schobersberger
- Institute for Sports Medicine, Alpine Medicine and Health Tourism (ISAG), UMIT, Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, 6060 Hall i.T., Tirol, Austria and Tirol-Kliniken GmbH, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (T.D.); (W.S.)
- Austrian Society for Alpine and High-Altitude Medicine, 6414 Mieming, Austria; (M.B.); (M.F.)
| | - Martin Burtscher
- Austrian Society for Alpine and High-Altitude Medicine, 6414 Mieming, Austria; (M.B.); (M.F.)
- Department of Sport Science, University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Faulhaber
- Austrian Society for Alpine and High-Altitude Medicine, 6414 Mieming, Austria; (M.B.); (M.F.)
- Department of Sport Science, University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael D. Kennedy
- Athlete Health Lab, Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
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Zhou Y, Feng Y, Zhang W, Li H, Zhang K, Wu Z. Physical Exercise in Managing Takayasu Arteritis Patients Complicated With Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:603354. [PMID: 34055922 PMCID: PMC8149735 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.603354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a kind of large-vessel vasculitis that mainly affects the aorta and its branches, and the patients are usually women at a relatively young age. The chronic inflammation of arteries in TA patients leads to stenosis, occlusion, dilatation, or aneurysm formation. Patients with TA thereby have a high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) complications, which are the most common cause of mortality. This review summarizes the main cardiovascular complications and the risk factors of cardiovascular complications in patients with TA. Here, we discuss the benefits and potential risks of physical exercise in patients with TA and give recommendations about exercise prescription for TA patients to decrease the risks of CVD and facilitate rehabilitation of cardiovascular complications, which might maximally improve the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Zhou
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Feng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xi'an No.5 Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Air Force Medical Center, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Beijing, China
| | - Kui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenbiao Wu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China
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14
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Oliveira-Junior SA, Boullosa D, Mendonça MLM, Vieira LFC, Mattos WW, Amaral BOC, Lima-Borges DS, Reis FA, Cezar MDM, Vanderlei LCM, Martinez PF. Effects of Circuit Weight-Interval Training on Physical Fitness, Cardiac Autonomic Control, and Quality of Life in Sedentary Workers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4606. [PMID: 33925277 PMCID: PMC8123620 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sedentary behaviors, those that involve sitting and low levels of energy expenditure, have been associated with several adverse cardiometabolic effects. This study evaluated the chronic effects of a combined circuit weight interval training (CWIT) on physical fitness, quality of life, and heart rate variability (HRV), and compared the effects of CWIT-induced autonomic adaptations on different postures in adult sedentary workers. Twenty-seven sedentary workers (age 36.9 ± 9.2 years old, 13 men and 14 women) were divided into two groups: control, who continued their sedentary behavior, and experimental, who were submitted to a CWIT for 12 weeks, completing two ~40 min sessions per week. Monitoring of 8th, 16th, and 24th sessions revealed a moderate training load during sessions. Participants exhibited an improved aerobic capacity (VO2max, 34.03 ± 5.36 vs. 36.45 ± 6.05 mL/kg/min, p < 0.05) and flexibility (22.6 ± 11.4 vs. 25.3 ± 10.1 cm, p < 0.05) after the training period. In addition, they showed greater quality of life scores. However, the CWIT did not change body composition. Interestingly, more HRV parameters were improved in the seated position. The CWIT used in the current study was associated with improvements in several fitness and quality of life parameters, as well as in cardiac autonomic control of HR in adult sedentary workers. Examination of different body positions when evaluating changes in HRV appears to be a relevant aspect to be considered in further studies. Future randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with larger samples of both sexes should confirm these promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio A. Oliveira-Junior
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (D.B.); (M.L.M.M.); (L.F.C.V.); (W.W.M.); (B.O.C.A.); (D.S.L.-B.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Daniel Boullosa
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (D.B.); (M.L.M.M.); (L.F.C.V.); (W.W.M.); (B.O.C.A.); (D.S.L.-B.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Maria L. M. Mendonça
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (D.B.); (M.L.M.M.); (L.F.C.V.); (W.W.M.); (B.O.C.A.); (D.S.L.-B.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Larissa F. C. Vieira
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (D.B.); (M.L.M.M.); (L.F.C.V.); (W.W.M.); (B.O.C.A.); (D.S.L.-B.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Wania W. Mattos
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (D.B.); (M.L.M.M.); (L.F.C.V.); (W.W.M.); (B.O.C.A.); (D.S.L.-B.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Bruna O. C. Amaral
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (D.B.); (M.L.M.M.); (L.F.C.V.); (W.W.M.); (B.O.C.A.); (D.S.L.-B.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Dayanne S. Lima-Borges
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (D.B.); (M.L.M.M.); (L.F.C.V.); (W.W.M.); (B.O.C.A.); (D.S.L.-B.); (P.F.M.)
| | - Filipe A. Reis
- Department of Physical Therapy, Anhanguera University—UNIDERP, Campo Grande 79003-010, MS, Brazil;
| | - Marcelo D. M. Cezar
- Department of Physical Education, Itapeva Social and Agrarian Sciences College—FAIT, Itapeva 18412-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Luiz C. M. Vanderlei
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, Presidente Prudente 19060-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Paula F. Martinez
- Integrated Institute of Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil; (D.B.); (M.L.M.M.); (L.F.C.V.); (W.W.M.); (B.O.C.A.); (D.S.L.-B.); (P.F.M.)
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15
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Abrantes C, Martins S, Pereira A, Policarpo F, Machado I, Sousa N. Physiological Exercise and Post-Exercise Effects of Inverse Sequences of Combined Bench-Step Aerobics and Resistance Exercise. J Hum Kinet 2021; 77:61-70. [PMID: 34168692 PMCID: PMC8008291 DOI: 10.2478/hukin-2021-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of using inverse sequences of combined bench-step aerobics and resistance exercise on cardiorespiratory, hemodynamic and perceptual variables during exercise and one-hour post-exercise. The tested sequences were bench-step aerobics immediately before and immediately after resistance exercise. Thirteen apparently healthy and physically active women (age = 21.9 ± 6.1 years, body height = 160 ± 0.1 cm, body mass = 58.8 ± 7.5 kg, estimated fat mass = 17.2 ± 2.0% and estimated maximal oxygen uptake = 37.5 ± 2.6 mL∙kg-1∙min-1) performed a 20-minute bench-step aerobics routine, immediately before (STEP_RES) and after (RES_STEP) resistance exercise. Oxygen uptake and heart rate were continuously measured, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body temperature and perceived exertion were measured at rest, immediately after each type of exercise and at 15, 30, 45 and 60 min after exercise. When resistance exercise was performed first (RES_STEP), oxygen uptake was higher (23.2 ± 3.9 vs. 20.5 ± 4.8 mL∙kg-1∙min-1), but the heart rate (164.5 ± 9.1 vs. 173.9 ± 11.7 bpm) and body temperature (36.5 ± 0.4 vs. 37.6 ± 0.6 ºC) were lower. In both sequences, the type of exercise performed first was pointed out with a lower perceived exertion or lower perceived intensity. Exercise and 60-min post-exercise blood pressure had a similar response in both sequences, and systolic blood pressure along with diastolic blood pressure were lower than pre-exercise from 30 min until 60 min post-exercise. The results suggest that the sequence affected oxygen uptake and perceived exertion during exercise and that this total workload, despite the sequence, promoted a post-exercise blood pressure decrease in normotensive participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Abrantes
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, GERON Research Community, Vila Real, Portugal
- Exercise and Health Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Susana Martins
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, GERON Research Community, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Pereira
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, GERON Research Community, Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Community, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, School of Education, Setúbal, Portugal
| | - Fernando Policarpo
- Faculdades integradas de Patos, Laboratory of Bioscience of Human Movement, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isabel Machado
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, GERON Research Community, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Nelson Sousa
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, GERON Research Community, Vila Real, Portugal
- Exercise and Health Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
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Zech P, Schuch F, Pérez-Chaparro C, Kangas M, Rapp M, Heissel A. Exercise, Comorbidities, and Health-Related Quality of Life in People Living with HIV: The HIBES Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17145138. [PMID: 32708664 PMCID: PMC7400584 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: People with HIV (PWH) may perform more than one type of exercise cumulatively. The objective of this study is to investigate recreational exercise and its association with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and comorbidities in relation to potential covariates. (2) Methods: The HIBES study (HIV-Begleiterkrankungen-Sport) is a cross-sectional study for people with HIV. The differences between non-exercisers versus exercisers (cumulated vs. single type of exercises) were investigated using regression models based on 454 participants. (3) Results: Exercisers showed a higher HRQOL score compared to non-exercisers (Wilcox r = 0.2 to 0.239). Psychological disorders were identified as the main covariate. Participants performing exercise cumulatively showed higher scores in duration, frequency, and intensity when compared to participants performing only one type of exercise. The mental health summary score was higher for the cumulated and single type of exercise if a psychological disorder existed. Duration and intensity were associated with an increase of HRQOL, whilst a stronger association between psychological disorders and exercise variables were evident. Exercise duration (minutes) showed a significant effect on QOL (standardized beta = 0.1) and for participants with psychological disorders (standardized beta = 0.3), respectively. (4) Conclusions: Psychological disorders and other covariates have a prominent effect on HRQOL and its association with exercise. For PWH with a psychological disorder, a stronger relationship between HRQOL with exercise duration and intensity emerged. However, differentiation of high-HRQOL individuals warrants further investigation by considering additional factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Zech
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-331-977-4049
| | - Felipe Schuch
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105 Santa Maria, Brazil;
| | - Camilo Pérez-Chaparro
- Outpatient Clinic—Center for Sports Medicine, Department of Sports & Health Sciences, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany;
| | - Maria Kangas
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, 2109 Sydney, Australia;
| | - Michael Rapp
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Intra-faculty unit “Cognitive Sciences”, Faculty of Human Science, and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Research Area Services Research and e-Health, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; (M.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Andreas Heissel
- Social and Preventive Medicine, Department of Sports and Health Sciences, Intra-faculty unit “Cognitive Sciences”, Faculty of Human Science, and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Research Area Services Research and e-Health, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; (M.R.); (A.H.)
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Schantz P, Salier Eriksson J, Rosdahl H. Perspectives on Exercise Intensity, Volume and Energy Expenditure in Habitual Cycle Commuting. Front Sports Act Living 2020; 2:65. [PMID: 33345056 PMCID: PMC7739755 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2020.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Knowledge about exercise intensity and energy expenditure combined with trip frequency and duration is necessary for interpreting the character and potential influencing capacity of habitual cycle commuting on e.g., health outcomes. It needs to be investigated with validated methods, which is the purpose of this study. Methods: Ten male and 10 female middle-aged habitual commuter cyclists were studied at rest and with maximal exercise tests on a cycle ergometer and a treadmill in the laboratory. During their normal commute in the Stockholm County, Sweden, their oxygen uptake, heart rate, energy expenditure, ventilation, blood lactate, rated perceived exertion, number of stops, durations, route distances and cycling velocities were monitored with validated methods. The frequency of trips was self-reported. Results: The relative exercise intensity was 65% of maximal oxygen uptake, and the energy expenditure was 0.46 kcal per km and kg body weight for both sexes. Sex differences in MET-values (men, 8.7; women 7.4) mirrored higher levels of cycling speed (20%), body weight (29%), oxygen uptake (54%) and ventilation (51%) in men compared to women. The number of METhours per week during peak cycling season averaged 40 for the men and 28 for the women. It corresponded to a total energy expenditure of about 3,500 and 1,880 kcal for men and women, respectively. The number of trips per year was about 370, and the annual distance cycled was on average 3,500 km for men and 2,300 for women. Conclusion: Cycle commuting is characterized by equal relative aerobic intensity levels and energy requirements for a given distance cycled by men and women. Based on an overall evaluation, it represents a lower range within the vigorous intensity category. The combined levels of oxygen uptake, durations and trip frequencies lead to high levels of METhours and energy expenditure in both men and women during both peak cycling season as well as over the year. Overall, the study presents a novel basis for interpreting cycle commuting in relation to various health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schantz
- Research Unit for Movement, Health and Environment, The Åstrand Laboratory and Laboratory of Applied Sport Science, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jane Salier Eriksson
- Research Unit for Movement, Health and Environment, The Åstrand Laboratory and Laboratory of Applied Sport Science, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans Rosdahl
- Research Unit for Movement, Health and Environment, The Åstrand Laboratory and Laboratory of Applied Sport Science, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, GIH, Stockholm, Sweden
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Poton R, Polito MD. The effects of aerobic training on the CD4 cells, VO2max, and metabolic parameters in HIV-infected patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2019; 60:634-642. [PMID: 31818061 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.19.10261-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To our knowledge, there are no systematic review study with meta-analysis that investigated the influence of training variables on specific outcomes (CD4 cell counts) addressed aerobic training (AT) for HIV+ patients. In this sense, the purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on AT in HIV+ patients and to analyze the influence of AT modulating variables on the CD4 cells, VO2max, and metabolic parameters. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Searches were performed in the databases PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, SportDiscus, Lilacs, Science Direct, and Scielo. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Twelve studies involving 438 subjects (78.2% male) were included. Overall, the sample was sedentary (pre-training VO2max of 30.5 mL.kg-1.min-1) with a mean time of virus infection of 66.9 months and mean number of CD4 cells of 467.8 cells/mm3. AT increased the VO2max (ES=1050 [0.455 to 1.64]; P<0.001) and CD4 cell count (ES=0.402 [0.203 to 0.601]; P<0.001). AT for 8-12 weeks appears to be sufficient to increase VO2max, and the highest gains are associated with patients who present higher initial CD4 cell values. There was no difference to metabolic parameters. CONCLUSIONS AT did not change the metabolic parameters, but it was AT is able to promote a greater magnitude of improvement in VO2max in the initial weeks of training and a greater increase in the number of CD4 cells in patients who present a better immune condition prior to training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Poton
- Research Group of Cardiovascular Response and Exercise, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil.,IBMR University Center, Laureate International Universities, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcos D Polito
- Research Group of Cardiovascular Response and Exercise, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil -
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Tsitkanou S, Della Gatta P, Foletta V, Russell A. The Role of Exercise as a Non-pharmacological Therapeutic Approach for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Beneficial or Detrimental? Front Neurol 2019; 10:783. [PMID: 31379732 PMCID: PMC6652799 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fatal neurodegenerative disease, involves the rapid deterioration of motor neurons resulting in severe muscle atrophy and respiratory insufficiency. It is considered a "multisystemic" disease with many potential mechanisms responsible for its pathology. Currently, there is no cure for ALS. Exercise training is suggested as a potential approach to reduce ALS pathology, but its beneficial role remains controversial. This review provides an overview of the effects of exercise training in ALS-affected mice and patients. It will compare the intensity, duration, and type of exercise on the health of SOD1G93A mice, a mouse model of familial ALS, and review clinical studies involving ALS patients undergoing both endurance and resistance training. In summary, mild-to-moderate swimming-based endurance training appears the most advantageous mode of exercise in SOD1G93A mice, improving animal survival, and delaying the onset and progression of disease. Furthermore, clinical studies show that both endurance and resistance training have an advantageous impact on the quality of life of ALS patients without extending life expectancy. However, small sample sizes, non-representative control populations, heterogeneous disease stage of patients, and the presence of confounders often exist in the exercise studies conducted with ALS patients. This raises concerns about the interpretation of these findings and, therefore, these results should be considered with caution. While promising, more pre-clinical and clinical studies with improved experimental design and fewer limitations are still necessary to confirm the impact of exercise training on the health of ALS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavroula Tsitkanou
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul Della Gatta
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Victoria Foletta
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Aaron Russell
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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20
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Qi M, Zhu Y, Zhang L, Wu T, Wang J. The effect of aerobic dance intervention on brain spontaneous activity in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A resting-state functional MRI study. Exp Ther Med 2018; 17:715-722. [PMID: 30651855 PMCID: PMC6307442 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.7006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of a specially designed moderate-intensity aerobic dance (SDMIAD) on brain spontaneous activity in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI). A total of 38 subjects with MCI were recruited to the current study and were randomized into two groups: Exercise (EG, n=19) and control (CG, n=19). The EG was treated with a SDMIAD and usual care for 3 months. The CG only received usual care. None of the patients were administered medicine that affected cognition during the intervention. The cognitive assessments and RS-fMRI examination were performed on the two groups at recruitment and after 3 months. The cognitive functions were assessed by various neuropsychological tests. The brain spontaneous activity change was assessed using an index, the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) of fMRI signal. Cognitive assessments demonstrated that EG had significantly improved results in the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised Logical Memory (WMS-R LM) and the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (all P<0.05), and the difference in changes in WMS-R LM from baseline to 3 months between the EG and the CG was also statistically significant (P<0.05) after 3 months of SDMIAD. The performance of all the cognitive assessments did not demonstrate significant differences in CG. Compared with baseline, EG exhibited significantly increased ALFF in several areas, including the bilateral fronto-temporal, entorhinal, anterior cingulate and parohippocampal cortex after 3 months of SDMIAD (P<0.05); whereas the CG exhibited significantly increased ALFF only in a few areas, including right temporal and posterior cingulate cortex (P<0.05). The SDMIAD may effectively improve the cognitive function in older adults with MCI. RS-fMRI provided a quantitative method for evaluating the effect of aerobic exercise on cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Qi
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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Raiber L, Christensen RAG, Randhawa AK, Jamnik VK, Kuk JL. Do moderate- to vigorous-intensity accelerometer count thresholds correspond to relative moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity? Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2018; 44:407-413. [PMID: 30248278 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to predict % maximal oxygen consumption at absolute accelerometer thresholds and to estimate and compare durations of objective physical activity (PA) among body mass index (BMI) categories using thresholds that account for cardiorespiratory fitness. Eight hundred twenty-eight adults (53.5% male; age, 33.9 ± 0.3 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2004 were analyzed. Metabolic equivalent values at absolute thresholds were converted to percentage of maximal oxygen consumption, and accelerometer counts corresponding to 40% or 60% maximal oxygen consumption were determined using 4 energy expenditure prediction equations. Absolute thresholds underestimated PA intensity for all adults; however, because of lower fitness, individuals with overweight and obesity work at significantly higher percentage of maximal oxygen consumption at the absolute thresholds and require significantly lower accelerometer counts to reach relative moderate and vigorous PA intensities compared with those with normal weight (P < 0.05). However, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) durations were shorter when using relative thresholds compared with absolute thresholds (in all BMI groups, P < 0.05), and they were shorter among individuals with obesity compared with those with normal weight when using relative thresholds (P < 0.05). Regardless of the thresholds used, a greater proportion of individuals with normal weight met the PA guideline of 150 min·week-1 of MVPA compared with individuals with obesity (absolute: 21.3% vs 6.7%; Yngve: 4.0% vs 0.2%; Swartz: 10.7% vs 3.9%; Hendelman: 4.7% vs 0.2%; Freedson: 6.4% vs 0.5%; P < 0.05). Current absolute thresholds of accelerometry-derived PA may overestimate MVPA for all BMI categories when compared with relative thresholds that account for cardiorespiratory fitness. Given the large variability in our results, more work is needed to better understand how to use accelerometers for evaluating PA at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Raiber
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.,School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Rebecca A G Christensen
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.,School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Arshdeep K Randhawa
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.,School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Veronica K Jamnik
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.,School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Kuk
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
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22
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Assumpção A, Matsutani LA, Yuan SL, Santo AS, Sauer J, Mango P, Marques AP. Muscle stretching exercises and resistance training in fibromyalgia: which is better? A three-arm randomized controlled trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2018; 54:663-670. [DOI: 10.23736/s1973-9087.17.04876-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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23
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Kokubo T, Tajima A, Miyazawa A, Maruyama Y. Validity of the Low-Impact Dance for exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program. Phys Ther Res 2018; 21:9-15. [PMID: 30050748 PMCID: PMC6055601 DOI: 10.1298/ptr.e9929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxygen uptake in patients with cardiovascular disease during the low-impact dance program and to compare the findings with the values at peak oxygen uptake (VO2) and aerobic threshold (AT). METHODS The study included 19 patients with cardiovascular disease [age, 68.3±8.7 years; left-ventricular ejection fraction, 60.3%±8.7%; peak VO2, 6.6±1.1 metabolic equivalents (METs)] who were receiving optimal medical treatment. Their heart rate and VO2 were monitored during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and during the low impact dance. The dance involved low-impact dynamic sequences. The patients completed two patterns of low-impact dance, and metabolic gas exchange measurements were obtained using a portable ergospirometry carried in a backpack during the dance sessions. RESULTS The mean values of VO2 (4.0±0.2 METs and 3.9±0.3 METs) and those of heart rate (105.2±2.9 bpm and 96.8±2.6 bpm) during the dance program were not significantly differ from the AT value (4.5±0.2 METs) obtained in CPET. The median (and interquartile range) RPE reported after the dance exercise trials was 11 (9-13). No signs of overexertion were observed in any of the patients during either dance exercise trial. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that it is reasonable to consider the low-impact dance program as an aerobic exercise program in cardiac rehabilitation. Our findings have important implications for exercise training programs in the cardiac rehabilitation setting and for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Kokubo
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Iwatsuki Minami Hospital
| | - Akihiko Tajima
- Department of Medical Technology and Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare
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24
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Silva de Sousa JC, Torriani-Pasin C, Tosi AB, Fecchio RY, Costa LAR, Forjaz CLDM. Aerobic Stimulus Induced by Virtual Reality Games in Stroke Survivors. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2018; 99:927-933. [PMID: 29428343 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether virtual reality games (VRGs) in stroke survivors produce significant and reproducible heart rate and oxygen consumption (V˙o2) responses during their execution, corresponding to an intensity between the anaerobic threshold (AT) and the respiratory compensation point (RCP). DESIGN Single-subject, repeated-measure design. SETTING Stroke survivors registered from a rehabilitation program. PARTICIPANTS Chronic hemiparetic stroke survivors (N=12; 10 men; mean age ± SD, 58±12y) rated at 3 or 4 in the Functional Ambulation Categories. INTERVENTIONS Participants underwent, in a random order, 2 identical sessions of VRGs (console Xbox 360 + Kinect) and 1 control session (38min watching a movie). The VRG sessions were composed of 4 sets of VRGs (3min of tennis, 1min for changing the game, and 4min of boxing) interspaced with 2 minutes of rest. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Heart rate and V˙o2 were measured during the experimental sessions and compared with heart rate and V˙o2 obtained at AT and RCP assessed during a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test. RESULTS Heart rate and V˙o2 during VRGs had good reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficients, ≥.91 and ≥.85, respectively; coefficients of variation, ≤6.7% and ≤13.7%, respectively). Heart rate during VRGs was similar to AT and significantly lower than RCP (P≤.05), while V˙o2 was significantly lower than AT and RCP (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS An acute session of VRGs composed of tennis and boxing games using the console XBox 360 + Kinect promotes reproducible responses of heart rate and V˙o2 that corresponded, respectively, to AT and below AT, characterizing a low-intensity aerobic stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Cesar Silva de Sousa
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Torriani-Pasin
- Motor Behaviour Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Barboza Tosi
- Motor Behaviour Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Yokoyama Fecchio
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Augusto Riani Costa
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Lúcia de Moraes Forjaz
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Effectiveness of a Lifestyle Intervention on Social Support, Self-Efficacy, and Physical Activity among Older Adults: Evaluation of Texercise Select. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15020234. [PMID: 29385779 PMCID: PMC5858303 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the well-recognized benefits of physical activity across the life course, older adults are more inactive than other age groups. The current study examines the effects of Texercise Select participation on self-reported sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity. Secondarily, this study examined intervention effects on two potential facilitators of physical activity: (1) self-efficacy for being more physically active and (2) social support received for physical activity. This study used a non-equivalent group design with self-reported surveys administered at baseline, three-month (immediate post for cases) and six-month follow-ups for the intervention (n = 163) and a comparison group (n = 267). Multivariable mixed model analyses were conducted controlling for age, sex, race, ethnicity, education, comorbid conditions, and site. Among the intervention group, the program had significant immediate effects on most primary outcomes (p < 0.05) at three months. Furthermore, significant improvements were observed for all physical activity intensity levels at six months (p < 0.05). The reduction in sedentary behavior and increases in all physical activity intensity levels were significantly greater from baseline to three-month and baseline to six-month follow-ups among intervention group participants relative to those in the comparison group. This study confirms the effectiveness of Texercise Select to reduce sedentary behavior and improve physicality, supporting the intervention’s robustness as a scalable and sustainable evidence-based program. It also counters negative stereotypes that older adults are not interested in attending multi-modal lifestyle intervention programs nor able to make health behavior changes that can improve health and overall functioning.
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26
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Brissman M, Ekbom K, Hagman E, Mårild S, Gronowitz E, Flodmark CE, Olbers T, Marcus C. Physical Fitness and Body Composition Two Years after Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass in Adolescents. Obes Surg 2017; 27:330-337. [PMID: 27379769 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-016-2282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously shown promising results 2 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, within the Adolescence Morbid Obesity Surgery study (AMOS). The aim of the current study was to describe the 2-year outcome in cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and functional capacity in the Stockholm subset of the AMOS study. METHODS Forty-one adolescents (10 male, 31 female, age 14-18 years, body mass index 35-69 kg·m-2) were included. In addition to anthropometric measurements, participants performed a submaximal bicycle test, 6-min walk test, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and a short interview at baseline, 1 and 2 years after surgery. RESULTS Relative improvements in maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) per kilogram body mass (+62 %) and per kilogram fat-free mass (+21 %), as well as walking distance (+13 %) were observed after 1 year, and persisted 2 years after surgery. Despite a reduction of fat-free mass (-15 %), absolute VO2max was maintained across the full group (+8 %, p = ns) and significantly increased in non-smokers. Body mass and fat mass were significantly decreased (-45.4 and -33.3 kg, respectively). Self-reported physical activity was significantly increased, and pain associated with movement was reduced. CONCLUSIONS In adolescents with obesity, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass improved VO2max more than could be explained by fat mass loss alone. In combination with improved functional capacity and body composition, these results suggest that surgery in adolescence might add specific benefits of importance for future health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Brissman
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Paediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, B62, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Kerstin Ekbom
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Paediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, B62, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emilia Hagman
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Paediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, B62, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Staffan Mårild
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Gronowitz
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Torsten Olbers
- Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claude Marcus
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Paediatrics, Karolinska Institutet, B62, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
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Mostarda C, Castro-Filha J, Reis AD, Sevílio M, Dias CJ, Silva-Filho AC, Garcia JBS, do Desterro Nascimento M, Coelho-Junior HJ, Rodrigues B. Short-term combined exercise training improves cardiorespiratory fitness and autonomic modulation in cancer patients receiving adjuvant therapy. J Exerc Rehabil 2017; 13:599-607. [PMID: 29114536 PMCID: PMC5667608 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1735048.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the impact of a short-term exercise training (ET) on the cardiorespiratory fitness and autonomic modulation of women with breast cancer who were receiving adjuvant radiotherapy, chemotherapy or hormonotherapy. Eighteen women previously diagnosed with breast cancer receiving adjuvant radiotherapy, chemotherapy or hormone therapy were randomly allocated into breast cancer nonexercise (BC) and exercise groups (BC+Ex). Moreover, nine healthy physically inactive volunteers were recruited to compose the noncancer control group (CG). The BC+Ex group was underwent to a combined ET program, which was based on resistance, aerobic and flexibility exercises. ET was performed 3 times a week, on nonconsecutive days, for 4 weeks at the hospital room under the professional supervision. In turn, BC and CG remained without be engaged in physical exercise programs. Volunteers were evaluated regarding their cardiorespiratory fitness and autonomic modulation (i.e., time, frequency domains, and nonlinear [symbolic analysis]) before and after the end of the ET program. A priori, data indicate that women patients with breast cancer showed impaired exercise tolerance, as well as autonomic dysfunction in comparison with age-matched healthy control subjects. However, a 1-month combined ET program could reverse such impairments, so that after the intervention, BC+Ex and CG showing similar results in the cardiorespiratory test and heart rate variability analysis. In conclusion, data of the current study indicate that 1 month of ET is able to reverse impaired cardiorespiratory fitness and autonomic modulation in women with breast cancer receiving adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Mostarda
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luis, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cardiovascular Adaptations to Exercise (LACORE), São Luis, Brazil
| | - Jurema Castro-Filha
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luis, Brazil
| | - Andréa Dias Reis
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luis, Brazil
| | - Mário Sevílio
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luis, Brazil
| | - Carlos José Dias
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luis, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cardiovascular Adaptations to Exercise (LACORE), São Luis, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Silva-Filho
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA), São Luis, Brazil.,Laboratory of Cardiovascular Adaptations to Exercise (LACORE), São Luis, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Bruno Rodrigues
- Faculty of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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28
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Cook RL, O'Dwyer NJ, Donges CE, Parker HM, Cheng HL, Steinbeck KS, Cox EP, Franklin JL, Garg ML, Rooney KB, O'Connor HT. Relationship between Obesity and Cognitive Function in Young Women: The Food, Mood and Mind Study. J Obes 2017; 2017:5923862. [PMID: 29291133 PMCID: PMC5651104 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5923862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited research addresses links between obesity and cognitive function in young adults. Objective. To investigate the relationship between obesity and cognitive function in young women. Methods. This cross-sectional study recruited healthy, young (18-35 y) women of normal (NW: BMI = 18.5-24.9 kg·m-2) or obese (OB: BMI ≥ 30.0 kg·m-2) weight. Participants completed a validated, computer-based cognitive testing battery evaluating impulsivity, attention, information processing, memory, and executive function. Questionnaires on depression and physical activity and a fasting blood sample for C-reactive protein and the Omega-3 Index were also collected. Cognition data are presented as z-scores (mean ± SD), and group comparisons were assessed via ANOVA. Potential confounding from questionnaire and blood variables were evaluated using ANCOVA. Results. 299 women (NW: n = 157; OB: n = 142) aged 25.8 ± 5.1 y were enrolled. Cognition scores were within normal range (±1 z-score), but OB had lower attention (NW: 0.31 ± 1.38; OB: -0.25 ± 1.39; ES: 0.41, CI: 0.17-0.64; p < 0.001) and higher impulsivity (NW: 0.36 ± 1.14; OB: -0.07 ± 1.07; ES: 0.39, CI: 0.15-0.62; p=0.033). Confounder adjustment had minimal impact on results. Conclusion. The OB group had normal but significantly lower performance on attention and were more impulsive compared to NW participants. This may indicate early cognitive decline, but longitudinal research confirming these findings is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L. Cook
- Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas J. O'Dwyer
- Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia
- School of Human Movement Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Cheyne E. Donges
- School of Human Movement Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen M. Parker
- Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Hoi Lun Cheng
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Katharine S. Steinbeck
- Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Eka P. Cox
- Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia
| | - Janet L. Franklin
- Metabolism and Obesity Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Manohar L. Garg
- Nutraceuticals Research Program, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Kieron B. Rooney
- Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen T. O'Connor
- Discipline of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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Rossiou D, Papadopoulou S, Pagkalos I, Kokkinopoulou A, Petridis D, Hassapidou M. Energy expenditure and nutrition status of ballet, jazz and contemporary dance students. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.1771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate of the energy expenditure in 3 types of dance classes (ballet, Jazz, and contemporary), as well as of the daily energy balance depending on dance type. Materials and methods: 40 females attending dance classes with a median age of 21.0 (19.0-25.0) and 10 males with a median age of 27.0 (20.0-28.0) participated in this study. The energy cost of each dance class was measured using the BodyMedia SenseWear Sensor and total daily energy expenditure was evaluated using a 3-day recording of physical activity. The dietary intake was evaluated with a 3-day food diary recording. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software. Results: Median energy expenditure varied from 306 (277-328) Kcals/class for contemporary dance to 327 (290-355) Kcals/class for ballet and 369 (333-394) Kcals/class for jazz for females with significant differences between contemporary and jazz classes. For males, energy expenditure was 508 (447-589) Kcals/class and 564 (538-593) Kcals/class for ballet and jazz classes, respectively. Females had lower values for all anthropometric measurements, energy intake, macronutrient intakes, and energy expenditure, compared with males. The anthropometric characteristics did not differ between dance types. Both female and male dance students were in a negative energy balance. Conclusions: The use of sensors such as BodyMedia SenseWear together with keeping daily diaries make measurement of physical activity in dancing reliable and accurate. Exercise expenditure differs across types of dance in females but not in males. Both sexes had inadequate energy and carbohydrate intakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Rossiou
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Sindos, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - S. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Sindos, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - I. Pagkalos
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A. Kokkinopoulou
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Sindos, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - D. Petridis
- Department of Food Technology, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Sindos, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - M. Hassapidou
- Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Sindos, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Michael S, Graham KS, Davis GM. Cardiac Autonomic Responses during Exercise and Post-exercise Recovery Using Heart Rate Variability and Systolic Time Intervals-A Review. Front Physiol 2017; 8:301. [PMID: 28611675 PMCID: PMC5447093 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac parasympathetic activity may be non-invasively investigated using heart rate variability (HRV), although HRV is not widely accepted to reflect sympathetic activity. Instead, cardiac sympathetic activity may be investigated using systolic time intervals (STI), such as the pre-ejection period. Although these autonomic indices are typically measured during rest, the “reactivity hypothesis” suggests that investigating responses to a stressor (e.g., exercise) may be a valuable monitoring approach in clinical and high-performance settings. However, when interpreting these indices it is important to consider how the exercise dose itself (i.e., intensity, duration, and modality) may influence the response. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to review the literature regarding how the exercise dosage influences these autonomic indices during exercise and acute post-exercise recovery. There are substantial methodological variations throughout the literature regarding HRV responses to exercise, in terms of exercise protocols and HRV analysis techniques. Exercise intensity is the primary factor influencing HRV, with a greater intensity eliciting a lower HRV during exercise up to moderate-high intensity, with minimal change observed as intensity is increased further. Post-exercise, a greater preceding intensity is associated with a slower HRV recovery, although the dose-response remains unclear. A longer exercise duration has been reported to elicit a lower HRV only during low-moderate intensity and when accompanied by cardiovascular drift, while a small number of studies have reported conflicting results regarding whether a longer duration delays HRV recovery. “Modality” has been defined multiple ways, with limited evidence suggesting exercise of a greater muscle mass and/or energy expenditure may delay HRV recovery. STI responses during exercise and recovery have seldom been reported, although limited data suggests that intensity is a key determining factor. Concurrent monitoring of HRV and STI may be a valuable non-invasive approach to investigate autonomic stress reactivity; however, this integrative approach has not yet been applied with regards to exercise stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Michael
- Discipline of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of SydneySydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kenneth S Graham
- Discipline of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of SydneySydney, NSW, Australia.,New South Wales Institute of SportSydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glen M Davis
- Discipline of Exercise and Sports Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of SydneySydney, NSW, Australia
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31
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Storheim K, Berg L, Hellum C, Gjertsen Ø, Neckelmann G, Espeland A, Keller A. Fat in the lumbar multifidus muscles - predictive value and change following disc prosthesis surgery and multidisciplinary rehabilitation in patients with chronic low back pain and degenerative disc: 2-year follow-up of a randomized trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2017; 18:145. [PMID: 28376754 PMCID: PMC5381060 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-017-1505-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence is lacking on whether fat infiltration in the multifidus muscles affects outcomes after total disc replacement (TDR) surgery and if it develops after surgery. The aims of this study were 1) to investigate whether pre-treatment multifidus muscle fat infiltration predicts outcome 2 years after treatment with TDR surgery or multidisciplinary rehabilitation, and 2) to compare changes in multifidus muscle fat infiltration from pre-treatment to 2-year follow-up between the two treatment groups. Methods The study is secondary analysis of data from a trial with 2-year follow-up of patients with chronic low back pain (LBP) and degenerative disc randomized to TDR surgery or multidisciplinary rehabilitation. We analyzed (aim 1) patients with both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at pre-treatment and valid data on outcome measures at 2-year follow-up (predictor analysis), and (aim 2) patients with MRI at both pre-treatment and 2-year follow-up. Outcome measures were visual analogue scale (VAS) for LBP, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), work status and muscle fat infiltration on MRI. Patients with pre-treatment MRI and 2-year outcome data on VAS for LBP (n = 144), ODI (n = 147), and work status (n = 137) were analyzed for prediction purposes. At 2-year follow-up, 126 patients had another MRI scan, and change in muscle fat infiltration was compared between the two treatment groups. Three radiologists visually quantified multifidus muscle fat in the three lower lumbar levels on MRI as <20% (grade 0), 20–50% (grade 1), or >50% (grade 2) of the muscle cross-section containing fat. Regression analysis and a mid-P exact test were carried out. Results Grade 0 pre-treatment multifidus muscle fat predicted better clinical results at 2-year follow-up after TDR surgery (all outcomes) but not after rehabilitation. At 2-year follow-up, increased fat infiltration was more common in the surgery group (intention-to-treat p = 0.03, per protocol p = 0.08) where it was related to worse pain and ODI. Conclusions Patients with less fat infiltration of multifidus muscles before TDR surgery had better outcomes at 2-year follow-up, but findings also indicated a negative influence of TDR surgery on back muscle morphology in some patients. The rehabilitation group maintained their muscular morphology and were unaffected by pre-treatment multifidus muscle fat. Trial registration NCT 00394732 (retrospectively registered October 31, 2006).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjersti Storheim
- Research and Communication unit for musculoskeletal disorders (FORMI), Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Postbox 4956, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Postbox 1078, Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Linda Berg
- Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Postbox 1400, 5021, Bergen, Norway.,Section for Radiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Postbox 7804, N-5020, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Radiology, Nordland Hospital, Postbox 1480, 8092, Bodø, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Postbox 6050, Langnes, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Christian Hellum
- Department of Orthopaedics, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Postbox 4956, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øivind Gjertsen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclearmedicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Postbox 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gesche Neckelmann
- Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Postbox 1400, 5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ansgar Espeland
- Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Postbox 1400, 5021, Bergen, Norway.,Section for Radiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Postbox 7804, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne Keller
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Postbox 4956, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, National Hospital, 2600, Glostrup, Denmark
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Peacock OJ, Western MJ, Batterham AM, Stathi A, Standage M, Tapp A, Bennett P, Thompson D. Multidimensional individualised Physical ACTivity (Mi-PACT)--a technology-enabled intervention to promote physical activity in primary care: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials 2015; 16:381. [PMID: 26314577 PMCID: PMC4552151 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-015-0892-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low physical activity is a major public health problem. New cost-effective approaches that stimulate meaningful long-term changes in physical activity are required, especially within primary care settings. It is becoming clear that there are various dimensions to physical activity with independent health benefits. Advances in technology mean that it is now possible to generate multidimensional physical activity 'profiles' that provide a more complete representation of physical activity and offer a variety of options that can be tailored to the individual. Mi-PACT is a randomised controlled trial designed to examine whether personalised multidimensional physical activity feedback and self-monitoring alongside trainer-supportive sessions increases physical activity and improves health outcomes in at-risk men and women. METHODS/DESIGN We aim to recruit 216 patients from within primary care aged 40 to 70 years and at medium or high risk of cardiovascular disease and/or type II diabetes mellitus. Adopting an unequal allocation ratio (intervention: control) of 2:1, participants will be randomised to one of two groups, usual care or the intervention. The control group will receive usual care from their general practitioner (GP) and standardised messages about physical activity for health. The intervention group will receive physical activity monitors and access to a web-based platform for a 3-month period to enable self-monitoring and the provision of personalised feedback regarding the multidimensional nature of physical activity. In addition, this technology-enabled feedback will be discussed with participants on 5 occasions during supportive one-to-one coaching sessions across the 3-month intervention. The primary outcome measure is physical activity, which will be directly assessed using activity monitors for a 7-day period at baseline, post intervention and at 12 months. Secondary measures (at these time-points) include weight loss, fat mass, and markers of metabolic control, motivation and well-being. DISCUSSION Results from this study will provide insight into the effects of integrated physical activity profiling and self-monitoring combined with in-person support on physical activity and health outcomes in patients at risk of future chronic disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN18008011 Trial registration date: 31 July 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Max J Western
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Alan M Batterham
- Health and Social Care Institute, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK.
| | - Afroditi Stathi
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Martyn Standage
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Alan Tapp
- Bristol Business School, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK.
| | - Paul Bennett
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Dylan Thompson
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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Kim K, Lee HY, Lee DY, Nam CW. Changes in cardiopulmonary function in normal adults after the Rockport 1 mile walking test: a preliminary study. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:2559-61. [PMID: 26356048 PMCID: PMC4563314 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.2559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of cardiopulmonary function in normal adults after the Rockport 1 mile walking test. [Subjects and Methods] University students (13 males and 27 females) participated in this study. Before and after the Rockport 1 mile walking test, pulmonary function, respiratory pressure, and maximal oxygen uptake were measured. [Results] Significant improvements in forced vital capacity and maximal inspiratory pressure were observed after the Rockport 1 mile walking test in males, and significant improvements in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume at 1 s, maximal inspiratory pressure, and maximal expiratory pressure were observed after the Rockport 1 mile walking test in females. However, the maximal oxygen uptake was not significantly different. [Conclusion] Our findings indicate that the Rockport 1 mile walking test changes cardiopulmonary function in males and females, and that it may improve cardiopulmonary function in middle-aged and older adults and provide basic data on cardiopulmonary endurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation
Science, Daegu University, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Young Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation
Science, Daegu University, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Youn Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation
Science, Daegu University, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Woo Nam
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Rehabilitation
Science, Daegu University, Republic of Korea
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34
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Effects of moderate aerobic exercise training on chronic primary insomnia. Sleep Med 2011; 12:1018-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2011.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2010] [Revised: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Optimized exercise load control system based on Heart Rate Variability. Biomed Eng Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13534-011-0037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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37
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Mitros M, Gabriel KP, Ainsworth B, Lee C, Herrmann S, Campbell K, Swan P. Comprehensive evaluation of a single-stage submaximal treadmill walking protocol in healthy, middle-aged women. Eur J Appl Physiol 2010; 111:47-56. [PMID: 20809230 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-010-1615-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Cardiorespiratory fitness is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events in women; however, maximal oxygen consumption (VO(2max)) protocols are not always feasible. The Evaluation of Physical Activity Measures in Middle-Aged Women Study was a 6-week study designed to evaluate six physical activity (PA) measures in women, aged 45-65 years. We investigated the Ebbeling submaximal treadmill (EbbTM) protocol's ability to reflect an active lifestyle in 66 women [median (IQR) age, 51.0 (48.0, 56.5) years]. Participants were screened using ACSM and AHA guidelines and classified as moderate or low cardiovascular risk. VO(2max) was estimated using the EbbTM in all participants (TEST1). Moderate risk women repeated the EbbTM (TEST2) while low risk completed a maximal treadmill test. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and minimal detectable change (MDC(90)) score were calculated to examine reliability. Spearman rank order or Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were used to determine the association between estimated VO(2max) and physical fitness and activity measures. Estimated VO(2max) from the EbbTM protocol had excellent reproducibility [ICC = 0.95 (95% CI: 0.89, 0.98) and MDC(90) was 1.62 mL kg(-1) min(-1). The EbbTM protocol was associated with measured VO(2max) (ρ = 0.48; p = 0.01) and was positively correlated with moderate- (ρ = 0.32; p = 0.02), vigorous- (ρ = 0.47; p = 0.0005) and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (ρ = 0.36; p = 0.009), pedometer steps (ρ = 0.41; p = 0.002) and inversely correlated with waist circumference (ρ = -0.58; p < 0.0001), body fat (ρ = -0.55; p < 0.0001), and right leg endurance (ρ = -0.41; p = 0.003). The EbbTM protocol was shown to be reliable and associated with objective measures of fitness and PA in healthy, middle-aged women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Mitros
- Arizona Living Well Institute, 2066 W Apache Trail, Ste 116, Apache Junction, AZ, USA.
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Effets de différentes méthodes d’entraînement sur les paramètres lactiques. Sci Sports 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2009.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Influence of Static Stretching Duration on Quadriceps Force Development and Eletromyographic Activity. HUMAN MOVEMENT 2010. [DOI: 10.2478/v10038-010-0020-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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40
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Hurkmans E, van der Giesen FJ, Vliet Vlieland TPM, Schoones J, Van den Ende ECHM. Dynamic exercise programs (aerobic capacity and/or muscle strength training) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009; 2009:CD006853. [PMID: 19821388 PMCID: PMC6769170 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd006853.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An up-to-date overview of the effectiveness and safety of dynamic exercise therapy (exercise therapy with a sufficient intensity, duration, and frequency to establish improvement in aerobic capacity and/or muscle strength) is lacking. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness and safety of short-term (< three months) and long-term (> three months) dynamic exercise therapy programs (aerobic capacity and/or muscle strength training), either land or water-based, for people with RA. To do this we updated a previous Cochrane review (van den Ende 1998) and made categories for the different forms of dynamic exercise programs. SEARCH STRATEGY A literature search (to December 2008) within various databases was performed in order to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs). SELECTION CRITERIA RCTs that included an exercise program fulfilling the following criteria were selected: a) frequency at least twice weekly for > 20 minutes; b) duration > 6 weeks; c) aerobic exercise intensity > 55% of the maximum heart rate and/or muscle strengthening exercises starting at 30% to 50% of one repetition maximum; and d) performed under supervision. Moreover, the RCT included one or more of the following outcome measures: functional ability, aerobic capacity, muscle strength, pain, disease activity or radiological damage. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently selected eligible studies, rated the methodological quality, and extracted data. A qualitative analysis (best-evidence synthesis) was performed and, where appropriate, a quantitative data analysis (pooled effect sizes). MAIN RESULTS In total, eight studies were included in this updated review (two additional studies). Four of the eight studies fulfilled at least 8/10 methodological criteria. In this updated review four different dynamic exercise programs were found: (1) short-term, land-based aerobic capacity training, which results show moderate evidence for a positive effect on aerobic capacity (pooled effect size 0.99 (95% CI 0.29 to 1.68). (2) short-term, land-based aerobic capacity and muscle strength training, which results show moderate evidence for a positive effect on aerobic capacity and muscle strength (pooled effect size 0.47 (95% CI 0.01 to 0.93). (3) short-term, water-based aerobic capacity training, which results show limited evidence for a positive effect on functional ability and aerobic capacity. (4) long-term, land-based aerobic capacity and muscle strength training, which results show moderate evidence for a positive effect on aerobic capacity and muscle strength. With respect to safety, no deleterious effects were found in any of the included studies. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Based on the evidence, aerobic capacity training combined with muscle strength training is recommended as routine practice in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emalie Hurkmans
- Leiden University Medical CenterDepartment of RheumatologyAlbinusdreef 2LeidenZuid‐HollandNetherlands2333 ZA
| | - Florus J van der Giesen
- Leiden University Medical CenterDepartment of Physical TherapyAlbinusdreef 2LeidenNetherlands2333 ZA
| | - Thea PM Vliet Vlieland
- Leiden University Medical CenterDepartment of RheumatologyAlbinusdreef 2LeidenZuid‐HollandNetherlands2333 ZA
| | - Jan Schoones
- Leiden University Medical CenterWalaeus LibraryLeidenNetherlands
| | - Els CHM Van den Ende
- Sint MaartenskliniekDepartment of RheumatologyHengstdal 3NijmegenNetherlands6522 JV
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Lubetzky-Vilnai A, Carmeli E, Katz-Leurer M. Prevalence of injuries among young adults in sport centers: relation to the type and pattern of activity. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2009; 19:828-33. [PMID: 19508649 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00854.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The rate of injuries resulting from physical exercise in sport centers as well as related factors has not yet been described. The aims of this study were to describe the prevalence of self-reported activity-specific injuries, to identify the relations between injury profile and different types and patterns of physical activity and to assess whether gender is a modifying variable in that connection. Four hundred and fifty-seven men and women aged 20-35 years participated in this cross-sectional study. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the types and patterns of physical activity performed in the 12 months preceding the study and sports injuries sustained during that time. One hundred and ninety of the 457 subjects reported an injury as a result of exercising (41.6%). A relationship was found between weight training and injuries of the upper extremity (UE) for men and between spinning classes and knee injuries for women. Among those who participated in weight-training exercises, more frequent and longer duration exercise was associated with UE injury, and among those who participated in spinning classes more frequent exercise was associated with knee injury. Future injury prevention programs in sport centers should pay special attention to men who participate in weight training and to women who participate in spinning classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lubetzky-Vilnai
- Physical Therapy Department, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Professions, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Israel
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Cardiovascular and metabolic complications during androgen deprivation: exercise as a potential countermeasure. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2009; 12:233-40. [PMID: 19488067 DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2009.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Apart from the well-established adverse musculoskeletal and sexual health effects of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), evidence is accumulating of substantial ADT-related cardiovascular and metabolic complications, which may impact quality of life and overall survival. In this brief review we discuss (1) the incidence of cardiovascular and metabolic complications during/following ADT from large cohort studies, (2) the increased risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic disease from cross-sectional and prospective studies and (3) the use of physical exercise as a countermeasure in this new era of ADT-related toxicity. It is clear that exercise has the potential to provide a myriad of benefits to men undergoing ADT that may result in reduced morbidity and mortality, and subsequently improve quality of life.
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Collier SR, Kanaley JA, Carhart R, Frechette V, Tobin MM, Hall AK, Luckenbaugh AN, Fernhall B. Effect of 4 weeks of aerobic or resistance exercise training on arterial stiffness, blood flow and blood pressure in pre- and stage-1 hypertensives. J Hum Hypertens 2009; 22:678-86. [PMID: 18432253 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2008.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The benefits of aerobic exercise (AE) training on blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness are well established, but the effects of resistance training are less well delineated. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of resistance vs aerobic training on haemodynamics and arterial stiffness. Thirty pre- or stage-1 essential hypertensives (20 men and 10 women), not on any medications, were recruited (age: 48.2 +/- 1.3 years) and randomly assigned to 4 weeks of either resistance (RE) or AE training. Before and after training, BP, arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity (PWV)) and vasodilatory capacity (VC) were measured. Resting systolic BP (SBP) decreased following both training modes (SBP: RE, pre 136 +/- 2.9 vs. post 132 +/- 3.4; AE, pre 141 +/- 3.8 vs. post 136 +/- 3.4 mm Hg, P = 0.005; diastolic BP: RE, pre 78 +/- 1.3 vs post 74 +/- 1.6; AE, pre 80 +/- 1.6 vs. post 77 +/- 1.7 mm Hg, P = 0.001). Central PWV increased (P = 0.0001) following RE (11 +/- 0.9-12.7 +/- 0.9 ms(-1)) but decreased after AE (12.1 +/- 0.8-11.1 +/- 0.8 m s(-1). Peripheral PWV also increased (P = 0.013) following RE (RE, pre 11.5 +/- 0.8 vs. post 12.5 +/- 0.7 ms(-1)) and decreased after AE (AE, pre 12.6 +/- 0.8 vs post 11.6 +/- 0.7 m s(-1)). The VC area under the curve (VC(AUC)) increased more with RE than that with AE (RE, pre 76 +/- 8.0 vs. post 131.1 +/- 11.6; AE, pre 82.7 +/- 8.0 vs. post 110.1 +/- 11.6 ml per min per s per 100 ml, P = 0.001). Further, peak VC (VCpeak) increased more following resistance training compared to aerobic training (RE, pre 17 +/- 1.9 vs. post 25.8 +/- 2.1; AE, pre 19.2 +/- 8.4 vs post 22.9 +/- 8.4 ml per min per s per 100 ml, P = 0.005). Although both RE and AE training decreased BP, the change in pressure may be due to different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Collier
- Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
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Sørensen JB, Kragstrup J, Skovgaard T, Puggaard L. Exercise on prescription: a randomized study on the effect of counseling vs counseling and supervised exercise. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2008; 18:288-97. [PMID: 18503642 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00811.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare short- (0-4 months) and long-term (0-10 months) effects of high-intensive Exercise on Prescription (EoP) intervention (counseling and supervised exercise) implemented in primary healthcare in a number of Danish counties with a low-intensive intervention (counseling) using maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2max)) as the primary outcome. The study was conducted as a randomized trial in 2005-2006 with a high and a low-intensive group. All the patients referred to the EoP scheme by their GP in the counties of Vejle and Ribe, Denmark, were eligible for the trial. The high-intensive EoP group received 4 months of group-based supervised training and attended five motivational counseling sessions. The low-intensive group only attended four motivational counseling sessions. Three hundred and twenty-seven patients entered the EoP scheme, and 52 (16%) volunteered for the randomized trial. No short- or long-term differences were found between the high and the low-intensive groups for VO(2max) (short-term 95% CI -1.1; 4.4 mL O(2)/(kg min), long-term 95% CI -1.6 to 2.1). The present study did not demonstrate any significant clinical outcome for the high-intensive EoP intervention as opposed to the low-intensive intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Sørensen
- Centre of Applied and Clinical Exercise Sciences, Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark.
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Fisher JP, Ogoh S, Young CN, Raven PB, Fadel PJ. Regulation of middle cerebral artery blood velocity during dynamic exercise in humans: influence of aging. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2008; 105:266-73. [PMID: 18467548 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00118.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Although cerebral autoregulation (CA) appears well maintained during mild to moderate intensity dynamic exercise in young subjects, it is presently unclear how aging influences the regulation of cerebral blood flow during physical activity. Therefore, to address this question, middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAV), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and the partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (Pa(CO(2))) were assessed at rest and during steady-state cycling at 30% and 50% heart rate reserve (HRR) in 9 young (24 +/- 3 yr; mean +/- SD) and 10 older middle-aged (57 +/- 7 yr) subjects. Transfer function analysis between changes in MAP and mean MCAV (MCAV(mean)) in the low-frequency (LF) range were used to assess dynamic CA. No age-group differences were found in Pa(CO(2)) at rest or during cycling. Exercise-induced increases in MAP were greater in older subjects, while changes in MCAV(mean) were similar between groups. The cerebral vascular conductance index (MCAV(mean)/MAP) was not different at rest (young 0.66 +/- 0.04 cm x s(-1) x mmHg(-1) vs. older 0.67 +/- 0.03 cm x s(-1) x mmHg(-1); mean +/- SE) or during 30% HRR cycling between groups but was reduced in older subjects during 50% HRR cycling (young 0.67 +/- 0.03 cm x s(-1) x mmHg(-1) vs. older 0.56 +/- 0.02 cm x s(-1) x mmHg(-1); P < 0.05). LF transfer function gain and phase between MAP and MCAV(mean) was not different between groups at rest (LF gain: young 0.95 +/- 0.05 cm x s(-1) x mmHg(-1) vs. older 0.88 +/- 0.06 cm x s(-1) x mmHg(-1); P > 0.05) or during exercise (LF gain: young 0.80 +/- 0.05 cm x s(-1) x mmHg(-1) vs. older 0.72 +/- 0.07 cm x s(-1) x mmHg(-1) at 50% HRR; P > 0.05). We conclude that despite greater increases in MAP, the regulation of MCAV(mean) is well maintained during dynamic exercise in healthy older middle-aged subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Fisher
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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van Weert E, Hoekstra-Weebers JEHM, May AM, Korstjens I, Ros WJG, van der Schans CP. The development of an evidence-based physical self-management rehabilitation programme for cancer survivors. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2008; 71:169-190. [PMID: 18255249 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2007.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2007] [Revised: 11/28/2007] [Accepted: 11/28/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper describes the development of a physical training programme for cancer patients. Four related but conceptually and empirically distinct physical problems are described: decreased aerobic capacity, decreased muscle strength, fatigue and impaired role physical functioning. The study aimed to identify the optimal content for an exercise programme that addresses these four physical problems, based on the highest level of evidence available. The study further aimed to review the evidence available on the delivery of the programmes. The final goal was to develop a programme in which content and delivery are based on the best available evidence. METHODS Literature searches (PUBMED and MEDLINE, to July 2006) on content looked for evidence about the efficacy of exercise on aerobic capacity, muscle strength, fatigue and impaired role physical functioning. Literature searches on delivery looked for self-management and/or self-efficacy enhancing techniques in relation to outcome, adherence to and/or adoption of a physically active lifestyle. RESULTS Evidence on the effectiveness of exercise in cancer patients varies and increases when moving from muscle strength (RCT level), fatigue and physical role functioning to aerobic capacity (all at the meta-analysis level). Effect sizes for aerobic capacity were moderate, while effect sizes for fatigue and physical role functioning were zero and/or small. Many of the studies have significant methodological shortcomings. There was some evidence (meta-analyses) that self-management programmes and self-efficacy enhancing programmes have beneficial effects on health outcomes in a variety of chronic diseases, on the quality of life in cancer patients, and on exercise adherence and later exercise behaviour. CONCLUSION Limited data are available on the effectiveness of exercise for cancer patients. Although evidence supports the positive effects of exercise on exercise capacity during and after completion of cancer treatment, the effects for fatigue and role functioning are ambiguous. Evidence on the effectiveness of progressive exercise training on muscle strength is promising. In addition, some evidence supports the positive effects of self-management programmes and self-efficacy enhancing programmes on health outcomes, exercise adherence and later exercise behaviour. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The resulting programme was developed on the basis of the highest quality of evidence available regarding content and delivery. The content is based on information obtained from the present review, and on the recommendations of the American College of Sports Medicine. Potential advantages of the programme include: (a) tailored physical training towards focusing on the patient's established problems and (b) delivery of the training as a self-management programme that might have beneficial effects on health outcome, exercise adherence and a long-term physically active lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen van Weert
- Center for Rehabilitation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Effects of a Home-based Exercise Intervention on Fatigue in Postpartum Depressed Women: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Behav Med 2008; 35:179-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s12160-008-9020-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Courneya KS, Segal RJ, Gelmon K, Reid RD, Mackey JR, Friedenreich CM, Proulx C, Lane K, Ladha AB, Vallance JK, Liu Q, Yasui Y, McKenzie DC. Six-month follow-up of patient-rated outcomes in a randomized controlled trial of exercise training during breast cancer chemotherapy. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008; 16:2572-8. [PMID: 18086760 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-07-0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few exercise trials in cancer patients have reported longer-term follow-up. Here, we report a 6-month follow-up of exercise behavior and patient-rated outcomes from an exercise trial in breast cancer patients. METHODS Breast cancer patients initiating adjuvant chemotherapy (n = 242) were randomly assigned to usual care (n = 82), resistance exercise training (RET; n = 82), or aerobic exercise training (AET; n = 78) for the duration of their chemotherapy. At 6-month follow-up, participants were mailed a questionnaire that assessed quality of life, self-esteem, fatigue, anxiety, depression, and exercise behavior. RESULTS Two hundred one (83.1%) participants provided 6-month follow-up data. Adjusted linear mixed-model analyses showed that, at 6-month follow-up, the RET group reported higher self-esteem [adjusted mean difference, 1.6; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.1-3.2; P = 0.032] and the AET group reported lower anxiety (adjusted mean difference, -4.7; 95% CI, -0.0 to -9.3; P = 0.049) compared with the usual care group. Moreover, compared with participants reporting no regular exercise during the follow-up period, those reporting regular aerobic and resistance exercise also reported better patient-rated outcomes, including quality of life (adjusted mean difference, 9.5; 95% CI, 1.2-17.8; P = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS Improvements in self-esteem observed with RET during breast cancer chemotherapy were maintained at 6-month follow-up whereas reductions in anxiety not observed with AET during breast cancer chemotherapy emerged at 6-month follow-up. Moreover, adopting a combined aerobic and resistance exercise program after breast cancer chemotherapy was associated with further improvements in patient-rated outcomes. Exercise training during breast cancer chemotherapy may result in some longer-term and late effects for selected patient-rated outcomes.
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Groeneveld IF, Proper KI, van der Beek AJ, van Duivenbooden C, van Mechelen W. Design of a RCT evaluating the (cost-) effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention for male construction workers at risk for cardiovascular disease: the health under construction study. BMC Public Health 2008; 8:1. [PMID: 18173844 PMCID: PMC2254612 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-8-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2007] [Accepted: 01/03/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Of all workers in Dutch construction industry, 20% has an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). A major risk factor for CVD risk is an unhealthy lifestyle. The aim of our study is to design a lifestyle intervention for construction workers with an elevated CVD risk, and to evaluate its (cost-) effectiveness. METHODS/DESIGN In a RCT, 692 participants will be randomised to either the control or the intervention group. The control group will receive usual care. For the intervention group, a lifestyle intervention has been designed based on interviews and current literature. The intervention will last 6 months and will comprise 3 face-to-face and 4 telephone contacts, consisting of individual counselling aimed at increasing daily physical activity (PA) and improving dietary behaviour, and/or smoking cessation. Counselling will take place at the Occupational Health Service (OHS), and will be done according to motivational interviewing (MI). Additional written information about healthy lifestyle will also be provided to those in the intervention group. At baseline, after 6 and after 12 months, measurements will take place. Primary outcome variables will be the lifestyle behaviours of concern, i.e. daily PA, dietary intake, and smoking status. Secondary outcome variables will be body mass index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total and HDL blood cholesterol, Hba1c and cardio-respiratory fitness (CRF). Sickness absenteeism and cost-effectiveness will be assessed as well. Multilevel analysis will be performed to compare all outcome measures between the intervention group and the control group. DISCUSSION By improving lifestyle, CVD risk may be lowered, yielding benefits for both employee and employer. If proven effective, this lifestyle intervention will be implemented on a larger scale within the Occupational Health Services in construction industry. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN60545588.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris F Groeneveld
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Centre, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Body@Work, Research Centre Physical Activity, Work and Health, TNO-VUmc, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karin I Proper
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Centre, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Body@Work, Research Centre Physical Activity, Work and Health, TNO-VUmc, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Allard J van der Beek
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Centre, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Body@Work, Research Centre Physical Activity, Work and Health, TNO-VUmc, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Willem van Mechelen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Centre, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Body@Work, Research Centre Physical Activity, Work and Health, TNO-VUmc, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Assessing body types, diet, exercise, and sedentary behavior of American and Japanese college students. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1108/00346650710828352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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