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Ge WD, Du TT, Wang CY, Sun LN, Wang YQ. Calcium signaling crosstalk between the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, a new drug development strategies of kidney diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116278. [PMID: 38740223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) acts as a second messenger and constitutes a complex and large information exchange system between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria; this process is involved in various life activities, such as energy metabolism, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Increasing evidence has suggested that alterations in Ca2+ crosstalk between the ER and mitochondria, including alterations in ER and mitochondrial Ca2+ channels and related Ca2+ regulatory proteins, such as sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA), inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R), and calnexin (CNX), are closely associated with the development of kidney disease. Therapies targeting intracellular Ca2+ signaling have emerged as an emerging field in the treatment of renal diseases. In this review, we focused on recent advances in Ca2+ signaling, ER and mitochondrial Ca2+ monitoring methods and Ca2+ homeostasis in the development of renal diseases and sought to identify new targets and insights for the treatment of renal diseases by targeting Ca2+ channels or related Ca2+ regulatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Di Ge
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian-Tian Du
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cao-Yang Wang
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu-Ning Sun
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yong-Qing Wang
- Research Division of Clinical Pharmacology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China; Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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2
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Chen C, Dong X, Zhang W, Chang X, Gao W. Dialogue between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum-potential therapeutic targets for age-related cardiovascular diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1389202. [PMID: 38939842 PMCID: PMC11208709 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1389202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) act as physical membrane contact sites facilitating material exchange and signal transmission between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), thereby regulating processes such as Ca2+/lipid transport, mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy, ER stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, among other pathological mechanisms. Emerging evidence underscores the pivotal role of MAMs in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), particularly in aging-related pathologies. Aging significantly influences the structure and function of the heart and the arterial system, possibly due to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting from reduced antioxidant capacity and the age-related decline in organelle function, including mitochondria. Therefore, this paper begins by describing the composition, structure, and function of MAMs, followed by an exploration of the degenerative changes in MAMs and the cardiovascular system during aging. Subsequently, it discusses the regulatory pathways and approaches targeting MAMs in aging-related CVDs, to provide novel treatment strategies for managing CVDs in aging populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xueyan Dong
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wang Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Mental Health Center, Jinan, China
| | - Xing Chang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wulin Gao
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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3
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Stauffer WT, Bobardt M, Ure DR, Foster RT, Gallay P. Cyclophilin D knockout significantly prevents HCC development in a streptozotocin-induced mouse model of diabetes-linked NASH. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301711. [PMID: 38573968 PMCID: PMC10994289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
A family of Peptidyl-prolyl isomerases (PPIases), called Cyclophilins, localize to numerous intracellular and extracellular locations where they contribute to a variety of essential functions. We previously reported that non-immunosuppressive pan-cyclophilin inhibitor drugs like reconfilstat (CRV431) or NV556 decreased multiple aspects of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice under two different non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mouse models. Both CRV431 and NV556 inhibit several cyclophilin isoforms, among which cyclophilin D (CypD) has not been previously investigated in this context. It is unknown whether it is necessary to simultaneously inhibit multiple cyclophilin family members to achieve therapeutic benefits or if loss-of-function of one is sufficient. Furthermore, narrowing down the isoform most responsible for a particular aspect of NAFLD/NASH, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), would allow for more precise future therapies. Features of human diabetes-linked NAFLD/NASH can be reliably replicated in mice by administering a single high dose of streptozotocin to disrupt pancreatic beta cells, in conjunction with a high sugar, high fat, high cholesterol western diet over the course of 30 weeks. Here we show that while both wild-type (WT) and Ppif-/- CypD KO mice develop multipe severe NASH disease features under this model, the formation of HCC nodules was significantly blunted only in the CypD KO mice. Furthermore, of differentially expressed transcripts in a qPCR panel of select HCC-related genes, nearly all were downregulated in the CypD KO background. Cyclophilin inhibition is a promising and novel avenue of treatment for diet-induced NAFLD/NASH. This study highlights the impact of CypD loss-of-function on the development of HCC, one of the most severe disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston T. Stauffer
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Michael Bobardt
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Daren R. Ure
- Hepion Pharmaceuticals, Edison, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Robert T. Foster
- Hepion Pharmaceuticals, Edison, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Philippe Gallay
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
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4
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Lu B, Chen X, Ma Y, Gui M, Yao L, Li J, Wang M, Zhou X, Fu D. So close, yet so far away: the relationship between MAM and cardiac disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1353533. [PMID: 38374992 PMCID: PMC10875081 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1353533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM) serve as crucial contact sites between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Recent research has highlighted the significance of MAM, which serve as a platform for various protein molecules, in processes such as calcium signaling, ATP production, mitochondrial structure and function, and autophagy. Cardiac diseases caused by any reason can lead to changes in myocardial structure and function, significantly impacting human health. Notably, MAM exhibits various regulatory effects to maintain cellular balance in several cardiac diseases conditions, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiotoxicity. MAM proteins independently or interact with their counterparts, forming essential tethers between the ER and mitochondria in cardiomyocytes. This review provides an overview of key MAM regulators, detailing their structure and functions. Additionally, it explores the connection between MAM and various cardiac injuries, suggesting that precise genetic, pharmacological, and physical regulation of MAM may be a promising strategy for preventing and treating heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Xiaozhe Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingtai Gui
- Department of Cardiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingzhu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xunjie Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Deyu Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ravingerova T, Adameova A, Lonek L, Farkasova V, Ferko M, Andelova N, Kura B, Slezak J, Galatou E, Lazou A, Zohdi V, Dhalla NS. Is Intrinsic Cardioprotection a Laboratory Phenomenon or a Clinically Relevant Tool to Salvage the Failing Heart? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16497. [PMID: 38003687 PMCID: PMC10671596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, especially ischemic heart disease, as a leading cause of heart failure (HF) and mortality, will not reduce over the coming decades despite the progress in pharmacotherapy, interventional cardiology, and surgery. Although patients surviving acute myocardial infarction live longer, alteration of heart function will later lead to HF. Its rising incidence represents a danger, especially among the elderly, with data showing more unfavorable results among females than among males. Experiments revealed an infarct-sparing effect of ischemic "preconditioning" (IPC) as the most robust form of innate cardioprotection based on the heart's adaptation to moderate stress, increasing its resistance to severe insults. However, translation to clinical practice is limited by technical requirements and limited time. Novel forms of adaptive interventions, such as "remote" IPC, have already been applied in patients, albeit with different effectiveness. Cardiac ischemic tolerance can also be increased by other noninvasive approaches, such as adaptation to hypoxia- or exercise-induced preconditioning. Although their molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood, some noninvasive modalities appear to be promising novel strategies for fighting HF through targeting its numerous mechanisms. In this review, we will discuss the molecular mechanisms of heart injury and repair, as well as interventions that have potential to be used in the treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Ravingerova
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 9 Dubravska cesta, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.A.); (L.L.); (V.F.); (M.F.); (N.A.); (B.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Adriana Adameova
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 9 Dubravska cesta, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.A.); (L.L.); (V.F.); (M.F.); (N.A.); (B.K.); (J.S.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, 10 Odbojárov St., 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubomir Lonek
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 9 Dubravska cesta, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.A.); (L.L.); (V.F.); (M.F.); (N.A.); (B.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Veronika Farkasova
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 9 Dubravska cesta, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.A.); (L.L.); (V.F.); (M.F.); (N.A.); (B.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Miroslav Ferko
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 9 Dubravska cesta, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.A.); (L.L.); (V.F.); (M.F.); (N.A.); (B.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Natalia Andelova
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 9 Dubravska cesta, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.A.); (L.L.); (V.F.); (M.F.); (N.A.); (B.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Branislav Kura
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 9 Dubravska cesta, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.A.); (L.L.); (V.F.); (M.F.); (N.A.); (B.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Jan Slezak
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 9 Dubravska cesta, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.A.); (L.L.); (V.F.); (M.F.); (N.A.); (B.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Eleftheria Galatou
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.G.); (A.L.)
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Antigone Lazou
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.G.); (A.L.)
| | - Vladislava Zohdi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 24 Špitalska, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, 19 Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Naranjan S. Dhalla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, 351 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada;
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Stauffer W, Bobardt M, Ure D, Foster R, Gallay P. The Cyclophilin Inhibitor Rencofilstat Decreases HCV-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Independently of Its Antiviral Activity. Viruses 2023; 15:2099. [PMID: 37896876 PMCID: PMC10612079 DOI: 10.3390/v15102099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an urgent need for the identification of new drugs that inhibit HCV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our work demonstrates that cyclophilin inhibitors (CypIs) represent such new drugs. We demonstrate that the nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporine A (CsA) analog (CsAa) rencofilstat possesses dual therapeutic activities for the treatment of HCV infection and HCV-induced HCC. Specifically, we show that the HCV infection of humanized mice results in the progressive development of HCC. This is true for the four genotypes tested (1 to 4). Remarkably, we demonstrate that rencofilstat inhibits the development of HCV-induced HCC in mice even when added 16 weeks after infection when HCC is well established. Importantly, we show that rencofilstat drastically reduces HCC progression independently of its anti-HCV activity. Indeed, the CypI rencofilstat inhibits HCC, while other anti-HCV agents such as NS5A (NS5Ai) and NS5B (NS5Bi) fail to reduce HCC. In conclusion, this study shows for the first time that the CypI rencofilstat represents a potent therapeutic agent for the treatment of HCV-induced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston Stauffer
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (W.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Michael Bobardt
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (W.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Daren Ure
- Hepion Pharmaceuticals Inc., Edison, NJ 08837, USA; (D.U.); (R.F.)
| | - Robert Foster
- Hepion Pharmaceuticals Inc., Edison, NJ 08837, USA; (D.U.); (R.F.)
| | - Philippe Gallay
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; (W.S.); (M.B.)
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7
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Stauffer W, Bobardt M, Ure D, Foster R, Gallay P. The Cyclophilin Inhibitor Rencofilstat Decreases HCV-induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Independently of Its Antiviral Activity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.19.553982. [PMID: 37645728 PMCID: PMC10462172 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.19.553982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for the identification of new drugs that inhibit HCV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our work demonstrates that cyclophilin inhibitors (CypI) represent such new drugs. We demonstrated that the non-immunosuppressive cyclosporine A (CsA) analog (CsAa) rencofilstat possesses dual therapeutic activities for the treatment of HCV infection and HCV-induced HCC. Specifically, we showed that HCV infection of humanized mice results in the progressive development of HCC. This was true for four genotypes tested (1 to 4). Remarkably, we demonstrated that rencofilstat inhibits the development of HCV-induced HCC in mice even when added 16 weeks post-infection when HCC is well established. Importantly, we showed that rencofilstat drastically reduces HCC progression independently of its anti-HCV activity. Indeed, the CypI rencofilstat inhibits HCC while other anti-HCV agents such as NS5A (NS5Ai) and NS5B (NS5Bi) fail to reduce HCC. In conclusion, this study shows for the first time that the CypI rencofilstat represents a potent therapeutic agent for the treatment of HCV-induced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winston Stauffer
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Michael Bobardt
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Daren Ure
- Hepion Pharmaceuticals Inc., Edison, New Jersey, USA
| | - Robert Foster
- Hepion Pharmaceuticals Inc., Edison, New Jersey, USA
| | - Philippe Gallay
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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8
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Coluccino G, Muraca VP, Corazza A, Lippe G. Cyclophilin D in Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Key Player in Neurodegeneration? Biomolecules 2023; 13:1265. [PMID: 37627330 PMCID: PMC10452829 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in numerous complex diseases. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which the "powerhouse of the cell" turns into the "factory of death" is an exciting yet challenging task that can unveil new therapeutic targets. The mitochondrial matrix protein CyPD is a peptidylprolyl cis-trans isomerase involved in the regulation of the permeability transition pore (mPTP). The mPTP is a multi-conductance channel in the inner mitochondrial membrane whose dysregulated opening can ultimately lead to cell death and whose involvement in pathology has been extensively documented over the past few decades. Moreover, several mPTP-independent CyPD interactions have been identified, indicating that CyPD could be involved in the fine regulation of several biochemical pathways. To further enrich the picture, CyPD undergoes several post-translational modifications that regulate both its activity and interaction with its clients. Here, we will dissect what is currently known about CyPD and critically review the most recent literature about its involvement in neurodegenerative disorders, focusing on Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease, supporting the notion that CyPD could serve as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of such conditions. Notably, significant efforts have been made to develop CyPD-specific inhibitors, which hold promise for the treatment of such complex disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Coluccino
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (V.P.M.); (A.C.)
| | | | | | - Giovanna Lippe
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy; (V.P.M.); (A.C.)
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Kuwazuru J, Suico MA, Omachi K, Kojima H, Kamura M, Kaseda S, Kawahara T, Hitora Y, Kato H, Tsukamoto S, Wada M, Asano T, Kotani S, Nakajima M, Misumi S, Sannomiya Y, Horizono J, Koyama Y, Owaki A, Shuto T, Kai H. CyclosporinA Derivative as Therapeutic Candidate for Alport Syndrome by Inducing Mutant Type IV Collagen Secretion. KIDNEY360 2023; 4:909-917. [PMID: 37143203 PMCID: PMC10371266 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0000000000000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Key Points Screening of natural product extracts to find candidate compounds that increase mutant type IV collagen α 3,4,5 (α 345(IV)) trimer secretion in Alport syndrome (AS). Cyclosporin A (CsA) and alisporivir (ALV) increase mutant α 345(IV) trimer secretion in AS. PPIF/cyclophilin D mediates the effect of CsA and ALV on mutant trimer secretion. Background Type IV collagen α 3,4,5 (α 345(IV)) is an obligate trimer that is secreted to form a collagen network, which is the structural foundation of basement membrane. Mutation in one of the genes (COL4A3 , A4 , A5 ) encoding these proteins underlies the progressive genetic nephropathy Alport syndrome (AS) due to deficiency in trimerization and/or secretion of the α 345(IV) trimer. Thus, improving mutant α 345(IV) trimerization and secretion could be a good therapeutic approach for AS. Methods Using the nanoluciferase-based platform that we previously developed to detect α 345(IV) formation and secretion in HEK293T cells, we screened libraries of natural product extracts and compounds to find a candidate compound capable of increasing mutant α 345(IV) secretion. Results The screening of >13,000 extracts and >600 compounds revealed that cyclosporin A (CsA) increased the secretion of mutant α 345(IV)-G1244D. To elucidate the mechanism of the effect of CsA, we evaluated CsA derivatives with different ability to bind to calcineurin (Cn) and cyclophilin (Cyp). Alisporivir (ALV), which binds to Cyp but not to Cn, increased the trimer secretion of mutant α 345(IV). Knockdown studies on Cyps showed that PPIF/cyclophilin D was involved in the trimer secretion-enhancing activity of CsA and ALV. We confirmed that other α 345(IV) mutants are also responsive to CsA and ALV. Conclusions CsA was previously reported to improve proteinuria in patients with AS, but owing to its nephrotoxic effect, CsA is not recommended for treatment in patients with AS. Our data raise the possibility that ALV could be a safer option than CsA. This study provides a novel therapeutic candidate for AS with an innovative mechanism of action and reveals an aspect of the intracellular regulatory mechanism of α 345(IV) that was previously unexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Kuwazuru
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mary Ann Suico
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kohei Omachi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Haruka Kojima
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Misato Kamura
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shota Kaseda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Teppei Kawahara
- Department of Instrumental Analysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Useful and Unique Natural Products for Drug Discovery and Development (UpRod), Program for Building Regional Innovation Ecosystems, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Hitora
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Natural Medicines, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hikaru Kato
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Natural Medicines, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Sachiko Tsukamoto
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Natural Medicines, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mikiyo Wada
- Department of Instrumental Analysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Useful and Unique Natural Products for Drug Discovery and Development (UpRod), Program for Building Regional Innovation Ecosystems, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Asano
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kotani
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Instrumental Analysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakajima
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shogo Misumi
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Health Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuya Sannomiya
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jun Horizono
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuimi Koyama
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Aimi Owaki
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Global Center for Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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10
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Zhang R, Shan H, Li Y, Ma Y, Liu S, Liu X, Yang X, Zhang J, Zhang M. Cyclophilin D Contributes to Airway Epithelial Mitochondrial Damage in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Lung 2023:10.1007/s00408-023-00619-5. [PMID: 37261529 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-023-00619-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Airway epithelial mitochondrial injury is an important pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cyclophilin D (CypD) is a component of mitochondrial permeability transition pore and related to mitochondrial damage. However, the role of CypD in airway epithelial mitochondrial injury and COPD pathogenesis remains unclear. METHODS CypD expression in human airway epithelium was determined by immunohistochemistry, and mitochondrial structure of airway epithelial cell was observed under the transmission electron microscopy. The expression of CypD signaling pathway in cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-treated airway epithelial cells was measured by real-time PCR and Western-blot. CSE-induced damage of airway epithelial cell and mitochondria was further studied. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed that CypD expression in airway epithelium was significantly increased associated with notable airway epithelial mitochondrial structure damage in the patients with COPD. The mRNA and protein expression of CypD was significantly increased in concentration- and time-dependent manners when airway epithelial cells were treated with CSE. CypD siRNA pretreatment significantly suppressed the increases of CypD and Bax expression, and reduced the decline of Bcl-2 expression in 7.5% CSE-treated airway epithelial cells. Furthermore, CypD silencing significantly attenuated mitochondrial damage and cell apoptosis, and increased cell viability when airway epithelial cells were stimulated with 7.5% CSE. CONCLUSION These data suggest that CypD signaling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of COPD and provide a potential therapeutic target for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 West Fifth Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hu Shan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 West Fifth Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuer Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 West Fifth Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuefeng Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shiyuan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaohuan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 West Fifth Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 West Fifth Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 West Fifth Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 West Fifth Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China.
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11
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Garbincius JF, Luongo TS, Lambert JP, Mangold AS, Murray EK, Hildebrand AN, Jadiya P, Elrod JW. MCU gain- and loss-of-function models define the duality of mitochondrial calcium uptake in heart failure. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.17.537222. [PMID: 37131819 PMCID: PMC10153142 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.17.537222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial calcium (mCa2+) uptake through the mitochondrial calcium uniporter channel (mtCU) stimulates metabolism to meet acute increases in cardiac energy demand. However, excessive mCa2+ uptake during stress, as in ischemia-reperfusion, initiates permeability transition and cell death. Despite these often-reported acute physiological and pathological effects, a major unresolved controversy is whether mtCU-dependent mCa2+ uptake and long-term elevation of cardiomyocyte mCa2+ contributes to the heart's adaptation during sustained increases in workload. Objective We tested the hypothesis that mtCU-dependent mCa2+ uptake contributes to cardiac adaptation and ventricular remodeling during sustained catecholaminergic stress. Methods Mice with tamoxifen-inducible, cardiomyocyte-specific gain (αMHC-MCM × flox-stop-MCU; MCU-Tg) or loss (αMHC-MCM × Mcufl/fl; Mcu-cKO) of mtCU function received 2-wk catecholamine infusion. Results Cardiac contractility increased after 2d of isoproterenol in control, but not Mcu-cKO mice. Contractility declined and cardiac hypertrophy increased after 1-2-wk of isoproterenol in MCU-Tg mice. MCU-Tg cardiomyocytes displayed increased sensitivity to Ca2+- and isoproterenol-induced necrosis. However, loss of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) regulator cyclophilin D failed to attenuate contractile dysfunction and hypertrophic remodeling, and increased isoproterenol-induced cardiomyocyte death in MCU-Tg mice. Conclusions mtCU mCa2+ uptake is required for early contractile responses to adrenergic signaling, even those occurring over several days. Under sustained adrenergic load excessive MCU-dependent mCa2+ uptake drives cardiomyocyte dropout, perhaps independent of classical mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, and compromises contractile function. These findings suggest divergent consequences for acute versus sustained mCa2+ loading, and support distinct functional roles for the mPTP in settings of acute mCa2+ overload versus persistent mCa2+ stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne F. Garbincius
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Timothy S. Luongo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan P. Lambert
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam S. Mangold
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emma K. Murray
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alycia N. Hildebrand
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Pooja Jadiya
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - John W. Elrod
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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12
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Pedriali G, Ramaccini D, Bouhamida E, Branchini A, Turrin G, Tonet E, Scala A, Patergnani S, Pinotti M, Trapella C, Giorgi C, Tremoli E, Campo G, Morciano G, Pinton P. 1,3,8-Triazaspiro[4.5]decane Derivatives Inhibit Permeability Transition Pores through a FO-ATP Synthase c Subunit Glu119-Independent Mechanism That Prevents Oligomycin A-Related Side Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076191. [PMID: 37047160 PMCID: PMC10094280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Permeability transition pore (PTP) molecular composition and activity modulation have been a matter of research for several years, especially due to their importance in ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI). Notably, c subunit of ATP synthase (Csub) has been identified as one of the PTP-forming proteins and as a target for cardioprotection. Oligomycin A is a well-known Csub interactor that has been chemically modified in-depth for proposed new pharmacological approaches against cardiac reperfusion injury. Indeed, by taking advantage of its scaffold and through focused chemical improvements, innovative Csub-dependent PTP inhibitors (1,3,8-Triazaspiro[4.5]decane) have been synthetized in the past. Interestingly, four critical amino acids have been found to be involved in Oligomycin A-Csub binding in yeast. However, their position on the human sequence is unknown, as is their function in PTP inhibition. The aims of this study are to (i) identify for the first time the topologically equivalent residues in the human Csub sequence; (ii) provide their in vitro validation in Oligomycin A-mediated PTP inhibition and (iii) understand their relevance in the binding of 1,3,8-Triazaspiro[4.5]decane small molecules, as Oligomycin A derivatives, in order to provide insights into Csub interactions. Notably, in this study we demonstrated that 1,3,8-Triazaspiro[4.5]decane derivatives inhibit permeability transition pores through a FO-ATP synthase c subunit Glu119-independent mechanism that prevents Oligomycin A-related side effects.
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13
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Dumbali SP, Wenzel PL. Mitochondrial Permeability Transition in Stem Cells, Development, and Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1409:1-22. [PMID: 35739412 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2022_720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) is a process that permits rapid exchange of small molecules across the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) and thus plays a vital role in mitochondrial function and cellular signaling. Formation of the pore that mediates this flux is well-documented in injury and disease but its regulation has also emerged as critical to the fate of stem cells during embryonic development. The precise molecular composition of the mPTP has been enigmatic, with far more genetic studies eliminating molecular candidates than confirming them. Rigorous studies in the recent decade have implicated central involvement of the F1Fo ATP synthase, or complex V of the electron transport chain, and continue to confirm a regulatory role for Cyclophilin D (CypD), encoded by Ppif, in modulating the sensitivity of the pore to opening. A host of endogenous molecules have been shown to trigger flux characteristic of mPT, including positive regulators such as calcium ions, reactive oxygen species, inorganic phosphate, and fatty acids. Conductance of the pore has been described as low or high, and reversibility of pore opening appears to correspond with the relative abundance of negative regulators of mPT such as adenine nucleotides, hydrogen ion, and divalent cations that compete for calcium-binding sites in the mPTP. Current models suggest that distinct pores could be responsible for differing reversibility and conductance depending upon cellular context. Indeed, irreversible propagation of mPT inevitably leads to collapse of transmembrane potential, arrest of ATP synthesis, mitochondrial swelling, and cell death. Future studies should clarify ambiguities in mPTP structure and reveal new roles for mPT in dictating specialized cellular functions beyond cell survival that are tied to mitochondrial fitness including stem cell self-renewal and fate. The focus of this review is to describe contemporary models of the mPTP and highlight how pore activity impacts stem cells and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep P Dumbali
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pamela L Wenzel
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Immunology Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.
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14
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The Improvement of Functional State of Brain Mitochondria with Astaxanthin in Rats after Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010031. [PMID: 36613474 PMCID: PMC9820232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between neurological damage and cardiovascular disease is often observed. This type of damage is both a cause and an effect of cardiovascular disease. Mitochondria are the key organelles of the cell and are primarily subject to oxidative stress. Mitochondrial dysfunctions are involved in the etiology of various diseases. A decrease in the efficiency of the heart muscle can lead to impaired blood flow and decreased oxygen supply to the brain. Astaxanthin (AST), a marine-derived xanthophyll carotenoid, has multiple functions and its effects have been shown in both experimental and clinical studies. We investigated the effects of AST on the functional state of brain mitochondria in rats after heart failure. Isoproterenol (ISO) was used to cause heart failure. In the present study, we found that ISO impaired the functional state of rat brain mitochondria (RBM), while the administration of AST resulted in an improvement in mitochondrial efficiency. The respiratory control index (RCI) in RBM decreased with the use of ISO, while AST administration led to an increase in this parameter. Ca2+ retention capacity (CRC) decreased in RBM isolated from rat brain after ISO injection, and AST enhanced CRC in RBM after heart failure. The study of changes in the content of regulatory proteins such as adenine nucleotide translocase 1 and 2 (ANT1/2), voltage dependent anion channel (VDAC), and cyclophilin D (CyP-D) of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) showed that ISO reduced their level, while AST restored the content of these proteins almost to the control value. In general, AST improves the functional state of mitochondria and can be considered as a prophylactic drug in various therapeutic approaches.
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15
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Sun W, Lu Y, Zhang H, Zhang J, Fang X, Wang J, Li M. Mitochondrial Non-Coding RNAs Are Potential Mediators of Mitochondrial Homeostasis. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121863. [PMID: 36551291 PMCID: PMC9775270 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the energy production center in cells, which regulate aerobic metabolism, calcium balance, gene expression and cell death. Their homeostasis is crucial for cell viability. Although mitochondria own a nucleus-independent and self-replicating genome, most of the proteins, which fulfill mitochondrial functions and mitochondrial quality control, are encoded by the nuclear genome and are imported into mitochondria. Hence, the regulation of mitochondrial protein expression and translocation is considered essential for mitochondrial homeostasis. By means of high-throughput RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis, non-coding RNAs localized in mitochondria have been generally identified. They are either generated from the mitochondrial genome or the nuclear genome. The mitochondrial non-coding RNAs can directly interact with mitochondrial DNAs or transcripts to affect gene expression. They can also bind nuclear genome-encoded mitochondrial proteins to regulate their mitochondrial import, protein level and combination. Generally, mitochondrial non-coding RNAs act as regulators for mitochondrial processes including oxidative phosphorylation and metabolism. In this review, we would like to introduce the latest research progressions regarding mitochondrial non-coding RNAs and summarize their identification, biogenesis, translocation, molecular mechanism and function.
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Dichloroacetate as a metabolic modulator of heart mitochondrial proteome under conditions of reduced oxygen utilization. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16348. [PMID: 36175475 PMCID: PMC9522880 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20696-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial compensatory mechanisms stimulated by reduced oxygen utilization caused by streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) and treated with dichloroacetate (DCA) are presumably associated with the regulation of mitochondria. We aimed to promote the understanding of key signaling pathways and identify effectors involved in signal transduction. Proteomic analysis and fluorescence spectroscopy measurements revealed significantly decreased membrane potential and upregulated protein amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A (AOFA) in DM mitochondria, indicative of oxidative damage. DCA in diabetic animals (DM + DCA) downregulated AOFA, increased membrane potential, and stimulated thioredoxin-dependent peroxide reductase, a protein with antioxidant function. Furthermore, the DM condition was associated with mitochondrial resistance to calcium overload through mitochondrial permeability transition pores (mPTPs) regulation, despite an increased protein level of voltage-dependent anion-selective protein (VDAC1). In contrast, DM + DCA influenced ROS levels and downregulated VDAC1 and VDAC3 when compared to DM alone. The diabetic myocardium showed an identical pattern of mPTP protein interactions as in the control group, but the interactions were attenuated. Characterization of the combined effect of DM + DCA is a novel finding showing that DCA acted as an effector of VDAC protein interactions, calcium uptake regulation, and ROS production. Overall, DM and DCA did not exhibit an additive effect, but an individual cardioprotective pathway.
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17
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Simón Serrano S, Tavecchio M, Mallik J, Grönberg A, Elmér E, Kifagi C, Gallay P, Hansson MJ, Massoumi R. Synergistic Effects of Sanglifehrin-Based Cyclophilin Inhibitor NV651 with Cisplatin in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194553. [PMID: 36230472 PMCID: PMC9559492 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage, is the most common primary liver cancer. Owing to a lack of effective HCC treatments and the commonly acquired chemoresistance, novel therapies need to be investigated. Cyclophilins-intracellular proteins with peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity-have been shown to play a key role in therapy resistance and cell proliferation. Here, we aimed to evaluate changes in the gene expression of HCC cells caused by cyclophilin inhibition in order to explore suitable combination treatment approaches, including the use of chemoagents, such as cisplatin. Our results show that the novel cyclophilin inhibitor NV651 decreases the expression of genes involved in several pathways related to the cancer cell cycle and DNA repair. We evaluated the potential synergistic effect of NV651 in combination with other treatments used against HCC in cisplatin-sensitive cells. NV651 showed a synergistic effect in inhibiting cell proliferation, with a significant increase in intrinsic apoptosis in combination with the DNA crosslinking agent cisplatin. This combination also affected cell cycle progression and reduced the capacity of the cell to repair DNA in comparison with a single treatment with cisplatin. Based on these results, we believe that the combination of cisplatin and NV651 may provide a novel approach to HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Simón Serrano
- Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-223 63 Lund, Sweden
- Abliva AB, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, SE-233 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Michele Tavecchio
- Abliva AB, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, SE-233 81 Lund, Sweden
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, BMC A13, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Josef Mallik
- Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-223 63 Lund, Sweden
| | - Alvar Grönberg
- Abliva AB, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, SE-233 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - Eskil Elmér
- Abliva AB, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, SE-233 81 Lund, Sweden
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, BMC A13, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Chamseddine Kifagi
- NGS & OMICS Data Analysis (NODA) Consulting, Flöjtvägen 10b, SE-224 68 Lund, Sweden
| | - Philippe Gallay
- Department of Immunology & Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Magnus Joakim Hansson
- Abliva AB, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, SE-233 81 Lund, Sweden
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, BMC A13, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ramin Massoumi
- Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Medicon Village, SE-223 63 Lund, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-46-222-64-30
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Haleckova A, Benek O, Zemanová L, Dolezal R, Musilek K. Small-molecule inhibitors of cyclophilin D as potential therapeutics in mitochondria-related diseases. Med Res Rev 2022; 42:1822-1855. [PMID: 35575048 DOI: 10.1002/med.21892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cyclophilin D (CypD) is a key regulator of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. This pathophysiological phenomenon is associated with the development of several human diseases, including ischemia-reperfusion injury and neurodegeneration. Blocking mPTP opening through CypD inhibition could be a novel and promising therapeutic approach for these conditions. While numerous CypD inhibitors have been discovered to date, none have been introduced into clinical practice, mostly owing to their high toxicity, unfavorable pharmacokinetics, and low selectivity for CypD over other cyclophilins. This review summarizes current knowledge of CypD inhibitors, with a particular focus on small-molecule compounds with regard to their in vitro activity, their selectivity for CypD, and their binding mode within the enzyme's active site. Finally, approaches for improving the molecular design of CypD inhibitors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Haleckova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Benek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Zemanová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Rafael Dolezal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Musilek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Daradics N, Horvath G, Tretter L, Paal A, Fulop A, Budai A, Szijarto A. The effect of Cyclophilin D depletion on liver regeneration following associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271606. [PMID: 35834573 PMCID: PMC9282546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Associating Liver Partition and Portal vein ligation for Staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) is a modification of two-stage hepatectomy profitable for patients with inoperable hepatic tumors by standard techniques. Unfortunately, initially poor postoperative outcome was associated with ALPPS, in which mitochondrial dysfunction played an essential role. Inhibition of cyclophilins has been already proposed to be efficient as a mitochondrial therapy in liver diseases. To investigate the effect of Cyclophilin D (CypD) depletion on mitochondrial function, biogenesis and liver regeneration following ALPPS a CypD knockout (KO) mice model was created. METHODS Male wild type (WT) (n = 30) and CypD KO (n = 30) mice underwent ALPPS procedure. Animals were terminated pre-operatively and 24, 48, 72 or 168 h after the operation. Mitochondrial functional studies and proteomic analysis were performed. Regeneration rate and mitotic activity were assessed. RESULTS The CypD KO group displayed improved mitochondrial function, as both ATP production (P < 0.001) and oxygen consumption (P < 0.05) were increased compared to the WT group. The level of mitochondrial biogenesis coordinator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1-α (PGC1-α) was also elevated in the CypD KO group (P < 0.001), which resulted in the induction of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system. Liver growth increased in the CypD KO group compared to the WT group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the beneficial effect of CypD depletion on the mitochondrial vulnerability following ALPPS. Based on our results we propose that CypD inhibition should be further investigated as a possible mitochondrial therapy following ALPPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Daradics
- Department of Surgery, Transplantation and Interventional Gastroenterology, Semmelweis University, Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) Surgical Research Center Hungary, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergo Horvath
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Tretter
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Agnes Paal
- 2 Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Fulop
- Department of Surgery, Transplantation and Interventional Gastroenterology, Semmelweis University, Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) Surgical Research Center Hungary, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andras Budai
- 2 Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Szijarto
- Department of Surgery, Transplantation and Interventional Gastroenterology, Semmelweis University, Hepato-Pancreatico-Biliary (HPB) Surgical Research Center Hungary, Budapest, Hungary
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Lv Y, Cheng L, Peng F. Compositions and Functions of Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes and Their Contribution to Cardioprotection by Exercise Preconditioning. Front Physiol 2022; 13:910452. [PMID: 35733995 PMCID: PMC9207531 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.910452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) are important components of intracellular signaling and contribute to the regulation of intracellular Ca2+/lipid homeostasis, mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy/mitophagy, apoptosis, and inflammation. Multiple studies have shown that proteins located on MAMs mediate cardioprotection. Exercise preconditioning (EP) has been shown to protect the myocardium from adverse stimuli, but these mechanisms are still being explored. Recently, a growing body of evidence points to MAMs, suggesting that exercise or EP may be involved in cardioprotection by modulating proteins on MAMs and subsequently affecting MAMs. In this review, we summarize the latest findings on MAMs, analyzing the structure and function of MAMs and the role of MAM-related proteins in cardioprotection. We focused on the possible mechanisms by which exercise or EP can modulate the involvement of MAMs in cardioprotection. We found that EP may affect MAMs by regulating changes in MFN2, MFN1, AMPK, FUNDC1, BECN1, VDAC1, GRP75, IP3R, CYPD, GSK3β, AKT, NLRP3, GRP78, and LC3, thus playing a cardioprotective role. We also provided direction for future studies that may be of interest so that more in-depth studies can be conducted to elucidate the relationship between EP and cardioprotection.
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Lv B, Peng H, Qiu B, Zhang L, Ge M, Bu D, Li K, Yu X, Du J, Yang L, Tang C, Huang Y, Du J, Jin H. Sulphenylation of CypD at Cysteine 104: A Novel Mechanism by Which SO2 Inhibits Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:784799. [PMID: 35118072 PMCID: PMC8805922 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.784799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The study was designed to explore the role of endogenous gaseous signaling molecule sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the control of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and its molecular mechanisms.Methods: Neonatal mouse cardiac myocytes (NMCMs) and H9c2 cells were used in the cell experiments. The endogenous SO2 pathway including SO2 level and the expression of SO2-generating enzyme aspartate aminotransferase 1/2 (AAT1/2) were detected in NMCMs. The apoptosis of cardiomyocytes was examined by a TUNEL assay. The cleavage and the activity of apoptotic proteins caspase9 and caspase3 were measured. The content of ATP, the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), and the cytochrome c (cytc) leakage were detected by immunofluorescence. The sulphenylation of cyclophilin-D (CypD) was detected by biotin switch analysis. The four CypD mutant plasmids in which cysteine sites were mutated to serine were constructed to identify the SO2-affected site in vitro.Results: ISO down-regulated the endogenous SO2/AAT pathway of cardiomyocytes in association with a significant increase in cardiomyocyte apoptosis, demonstrated by the increases in apoptosis, cleaved-caspase3/caspase3 ratio, and caspase3 activity. Furthermore, ISO significantly reduced ATP production in H9c2 cells, but the supplement of SO2 significantly restored the content of ATP. ISO stimulated mPTP opening, resulting in an increase in the release of cytc, which further increased the ratio of cleaved caspase9/caspase9 and enhanced the protein activity of caspase9. While, the supplementation of SO2 reversed the above effects. Mechanistically, SO2 did not affect CypD protein expression, but sulphenylated CypD and inhibited mPTP opening, resulting in an inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The C104S mutation in CypD abolished SO2-induced sulphenylation of CypD, and thereby blocked the inhibitory effect of SO2 on the mPTP opening and cardiomyocyte apoptosis.Conclusion: Endogenous SO2 sulphenylated CypD at Cys104 to inhibit mPTP opening, and thus protected against cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Lv
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hanlin Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bingquan Qiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Ge
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dingfang Bu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiantong Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoshu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqian Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yaqian Huang, ; Junbao Du, ; Hongfang Jin,
| | - Junbao Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yaqian Huang, ; Junbao Du, ; Hongfang Jin,
| | - Hongfang Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yaqian Huang, ; Junbao Du, ; Hongfang Jin,
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22
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Luke CJ, Markovina S, Good M, Wight IE, Thomas BJ, Linneman JM, Lanik WE, Koroleva O, Coffman MR, Miedel MT, Gong Q, Andress A, Campos Guerrero M, Wang S, Chen L, Beatty WL, Hausmann KN, White FV, Fitzpatrick JAJ, Orvedahl A, Pak SC, Silverman GA. Lysoptosis is an evolutionarily conserved cell death pathway moderated by intracellular serpins. Commun Biol 2022; 5:47. [PMID: 35022507 PMCID: PMC8755814 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02953-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and cathepsin release typifies lysosome-dependent cell death (LDCD). However, LMP occurs in most regulated cell death programs suggesting LDCD is not an independent cell death pathway, but is conscripted to facilitate the final cellular demise by other cell death routines. Previously, we demonstrated that Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) null for a cysteine protease inhibitor, srp-6, undergo a specific LDCD pathway characterized by LMP and cathepsin-dependent cytoplasmic proteolysis. We designated this cell death routine, lysoptosis, to distinguish it from other pathways employing LMP. In this study, mouse and human epithelial cells lacking srp-6 homologues, mSerpinb3a and SERPINB3, respectively, demonstrated a lysoptosis phenotype distinct from other cell death pathways. Like in C. elegans, this pathway depended on LMP and released cathepsins, predominantly cathepsin L. These studies suggested that lysoptosis is an evolutionarily-conserved eukaryotic LDCD that predominates in the absence of neutralizing endogenous inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cliff J Luke
- Departments of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Siteman Cancer Center, and Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Stephanie Markovina
- Siteman Cancer Center, and Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Misty Good
- Departments of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ira E Wight
- Departments of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brian J Thomas
- Departments of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John M Linneman
- Departments of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Wyatt E Lanik
- Departments of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Olga Koroleva
- Departments of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Maggie R Coffman
- Departments of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mark T Miedel
- Department of Computational and Systems biology, Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Qingqing Gong
- Departments of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Arlise Andress
- Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marlene Campos Guerrero
- Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Songyan Wang
- Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - LiYun Chen
- Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Wandy L Beatty
- Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kelsey N Hausmann
- Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Frances V White
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - James A J Fitzpatrick
- Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Neuroscience, and Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anthony Orvedahl
- Departments of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stephen C Pak
- Departments of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Gary A Silverman
- Departments of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Siteman Cancer Center, and Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine and the Children's Discovery Institute of St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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23
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Sartori MR, Navarro CDC, Castilho RF, Vercesi AE. Enhanced resistance to Ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition in the long-lived red-footed tortoise Chelonoidis carbonaria. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:jeb243532. [PMID: 34904632 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between supraphysiological cytosolic Ca2+ levels and mitochondrial redox imbalance mediates the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). The MPT is involved in cell death, diseases and aging. This study compared the liver mitochondrial Ca2+ retention capacity and oxygen consumption in the long-lived red-footed tortoise (Chelonoidis carbonaria) with those in the rat as a reference standard. Mitochondrial Ca2+ retention capacity, a quantitative measure of MPT sensitivity, was remarkably higher in tortoises than in rats. This difference was minimized in the presence of the MPT inhibitors ADP and cyclosporine A. However, the Ca2+ retention capacities of tortoise and rat liver mitochondria were similar when both MPT inhibitors were present simultaneously. NADH-linked phosphorylating respiration rates of tortoise liver mitochondria represented only 30% of the maximal electron transport system capacity, indicating a limitation imposed by the phosphorylation system. These results suggested underlying differences in putative MPT structural components [e.g. ATP synthase, adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) and cyclophilin D] between tortoises and rats. Indeed, in tortoise mitochondria, titrations of inhibitors of the oxidative phosphorylation components revealed a higher limitation of ANT. Furthermore, cyclophilin D activity was approximately 70% lower in tortoises than in rats. Investigation of critical properties of mitochondrial redox control that affect MPT demonstrated that tortoise and rat liver mitochondria exhibited similar rates of H2O2 release and glutathione redox status. Overall, our findings suggest that constraints imposed by ANT and cyclophilin D, putative components or regulators of the MPT pore, are associated with the enhanced resistance to Ca2+-induced MPT in tortoises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina R Sartori
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Claudia D C Navarro
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Roger F Castilho
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-887, Brazil
| | - Anibal E Vercesi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-887, Brazil
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24
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Rath E, Haller D. Intestinal epithelial cell metabolism at the interface of microbial dysbiosis and tissue injury. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:595-604. [PMID: 35534699 PMCID: PMC9259489 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00514-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal epithelium represents the most regenerative tissue in the human body, located in proximity to the dense and functionally diverse microbial milieu of the microbiome. Episodes of tissue injury and incomplete healing of the intestinal epithelium are a prerequisite for immune reactivation and account for recurrent, chronically progressing phenotypes of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Mitochondrial dysfunction and associated changes in intestinal epithelial functions are emerging concepts in the pathogenesis of IBD, suggesting impaired metabolic flexibility of epithelial cells affects the regenerative capacity of the intestinal tissue. Next to rendering the intestinal mucosa susceptible to inflammatory triggers, metabolic reprogramming of the epithelium is implicated in shaping adverse microbial environments. In this review, we introduce the concept of "metabolic injury" as a cell autonomous mechanism of tissue wounding in response to mitochondrial perturbation. Furthermore, we highlight epithelial metabolism as intersection of microbiome, immune cells and epithelial regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Rath
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Technical University of Munich, Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Dirk Haller
- grid.6936.a0000000123222966Technical University of Munich, Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany ,grid.6936.a0000000123222966Technical University of Munich, ZIEL Institute for Food & Health, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
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25
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Liu S, Chong W. Roles of LncRNAs in Regulating Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Septic Cardiomyopathy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:802085. [PMID: 34899764 PMCID: PMC8652231 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.802085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is an abnormal systemic inflammatory response of the host immune system to infection and can lead to fatal multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. Epidemiological studies have shown that approximately 10-70% of sepsis cases can lead to septic cardiomyopathy. Since the pathogenesis of septic cardiomyopathy is not clear, it is difficult for medical doctors to treat the disease. Therefore, finding effective interventions to prevent and reduce myocardial damage in septic cardiomyopathy is clinically significant. Epigenetics is the study of stable genetic phenotype inheritance that does not involve changing gene sequences. Epigenetic inheritance is affected by both gene and environmental regulation. Epigenetic studies focus on the modification and influence of chromatin structure, mainly including chromatin remodelling, DNA methylation, histone modification and noncoding RNA (ncRNA)-related mechanisms. Recently, long ncRNA (lncRNA)-related mechanisms have been the focus of epigenetic studies. LncRNAs are expected to become important targets to prevent, diagnose and treat human diseases. As the energy metabolism centre of cells, mitochondria are important targets in septic cardiomyopathy. Intervention measures to prevent and treat mitochondrial damage are of great significance for improving the prognosis of septic cardiomyopathy. LncRNAs play important roles in life activities. Recently, studies have focused on the involvement of lncRNAs in regulating mitochondrial dysfunction. However, few studies have revealed the involvement of lncRNAs in regulating mitochondrial dysfunction in septic cardiomyopathy. In this article, we briefly review recent research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Chong
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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26
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Abstract
The uptake of calcium into and extrusion of calcium from the mitochondrial matrix is a fundamental biological process that has critical effects on cellular metabolism, signaling, and survival. Disruption of mitochondrial calcium (mCa2+) cycling is implicated in numerous acquired diseases such as heart failure, stroke, neurodegeneration, diabetes, and cancer, and is genetically linked to several inherited neuromuscular disorders. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for mCa2+ exchange therefore holds great promise for the treatment of these diseases. The past decade has seen the genetic identification of many of the key proteins that mediate mitochondrial calcium uptake and efflux. Here, we present an overview of the phenomenon of mCa2+ transport, and a comprehensive examination of the molecular machinery that mediates calcium flux across the inner mitochondrial membrane: the mitochondrial uniporter complex (consisting of MCU, EMRE, MICU1, MICU2, MICU3, MCUB, and MCUR1), NCLX, LETM1, the mitochondrial ryanodine receptor, and the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. We then consider the physiological implications of mCa2+ flux and evaluate how alterations in mCa2+ homeostasis contribute to human disease. This review concludes by highlighting opportunities and challenges for therapeutic intervention in pathologies characterized by aberrant mCa2+ handling and by summarizing critical unanswered questions regarding the biology of mCa2+ flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne F Garbincius
- Center for Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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27
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Leong KG, Ozols E, Kanellis J, Ma FY, Nikolic-Paterson DJ. Cyclophilin D Promotes Acute, but Not Chronic, Kidney Injury in a Mouse Model of Aristolochic Acid Toxicity. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:700. [PMID: 34678993 PMCID: PMC8539043 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13100700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant-derived toxin, aristolochic acid (AA), is the cause of Chinese Herb Nephropathy and Balkan Nephropathy. Ingestion of high dose AA induces acute kidney injury, while chronic low dose ingestion leads to progressive kidney disease. Ingested AA is taken up by tubular epithelial cells of the kidney, leading to DNA damage and cell death. Cyclophilin D (CypD) participates in mitochondrial-dependent cell death, but whether this mechanism operates in acute or chronic AA-induced kidney injury is unknown. We addressed this question by exposing CypD-/- and wild type (WT) mice to acute high dose, or chronic low dose, AA. Administration of 5 mg/kg AA to WT mice induced acute kidney injury 3 days later, characterised by loss of kidney function, tubular cell damage and death, and neutrophil infiltration. All of these parameters were significantly reduced in CypD-/- mice. Chronic low dose (2 mg/kg AA) administration in WT mice resulted in chronic kidney disease with impaired renal function and renal fibrosis by day 28. However, CypD-/- mice were not protected from AA-induced chronic kidney disease. In conclusion, CypD facilitates AA-induced acute kidney damage, but CypD does not contribute to the transition of acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease during ongoing AA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - David J. Nikolic-Paterson
- Monash Medical Centre, Department of Nephrology, Monash Health and Monash University Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; (K.G.L.); (E.O.); (J.K.); (F.Y.M.)
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28
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Jang HS, Noh MR, Ha L, Kim J, Padanilam BJ. Proximal tubule cyclophilin D mediates kidney fibrogenesis in obstructive nephropathy. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 321:F431-F442. [PMID: 34396791 PMCID: PMC8560409 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00171.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The proximal tubule (PT) is highly vulnerable to acute injury, including ischemic insult and nephrotoxins, and chronic kidney injury. It has been established that PT injury is a primary cause of the development of chronic kidney disease, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be defined. Here, we tested whether PT cyclophilin D (CypD), a mitochondrial matrix protein, is a critical factor to cause kidney fibrosis progression. To define the role of CypD in kidney fibrosis, we used an established mouse model for kidney fibrosis: the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model in global and PT-specific CypD knockout (KO). Global CypD KO blunted kidney fibrosis progression with inhibition of myofibroblast activation and fibrosis. UUO-induced tubular atrophy was suppressed in kidneys of global CypD KO but not tubular dilation or apoptotic cell death. PT cell cycle arrest was highly increased in wild-type UUO kidneys but was markedly attenuated in global CypD KO UUO kidneys. The number of macrophages and neutrophils was less in UUO kidneys of global CypD KO than those of wild-type kidneys. Proinflammatory and profibrotic factors were all inhibited in global CypD KO. In line with those of global CypD KO, PT-specific CypD KO also blunted kidney fibrosis progression, along with less tubular atrophy, renal parenchymal loss, cell cycle arrest in PT, and inflammation, indicating a critical role for PT CypD in fibrogenesis. Collectively, our data demonstrate that CypD in the PT is a critical factor contributing to kidney fibrosis in UUO, providing a new paradigm for mitochondria-targeted therapeutics of fibrotic diseases.NEW & NOTEWORTHY It has been established that renal proximal tubule (PT) injury is a primary cause of the development of chronic kidney disease, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains to be defined. Here, we show that cyclophilin D, a mitochondrial matrix protein, in the PT causes kidney fibrogenesis in obstructive nephropathy. Our data suggest that targeting PT cyclophilin D could be beneficial to prevent fibrosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Seong Jang
- Department of Urology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Mi Ra Noh
- Department of Urology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Ligyeom Ha
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Jinu Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, South Korea
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Babu J Padanilam
- Department of Urology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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29
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Melatonin Enhances the Mitochondrial Functionality of Brown Adipose Tissue in Obese-Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091482. [PMID: 34573114 PMCID: PMC8466890 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing novel drugs/targets remains a major effort toward controlling obesity-related type 2 diabetes (diabesity). Melatonin controls obesity and improves glucose homeostasis in rodents, mainly via the thermogenic effects of increasing the amount of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and increases in mitochondrial mass, amount of UCP1 protein, and thermogenic capacity. Importantly, mitochondria are widely known as a therapeutic target of melatonin; however, direct evidence of melatonin on the function of mitochondria from BAT and the mechanistic pathways underlying these effects remains lacking. This study investigated the effects of melatonin on mitochondrial functions in BAT of Zücker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, which are considered a model of obesity-related type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). At five weeks of age, Zücker lean (ZL) and ZDF rats were subdivided into two groups, consisting of control and treated with oral melatonin for six weeks. Mitochondria were isolated from BAT of animals from both groups, using subcellular fractionation techniques, followed by measurement of several mitochondrial parameters, including respiratory control ratio (RCR), phosphorylation coefficient (ADP/O ratio), ATP production, level of mitochondrial nitrites, superoxide dismutase activity, and alteration in the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Interestingly, melatonin increased RCR in mitochondria from brown fat of both ZL and ZDF rats through the reduction of the proton leak component of respiration (state 4). In addition, melatonin improved the ADP/O ratio in obese rats and augmented ATP production in lean rats. Further, melatonin reduced mitochondrial nitrosative and oxidative status by decreasing nitrite levels and increasing superoxide dismutase activity in both groups, as well as inhibited mPTP in mitochondria isolated from brown fat. Taken together, the present data revealed that chronic oral administration of melatonin improved mitochondrial respiration in brown adipocytes, while decreasing oxidative and nitrosative stress and susceptibility of adipocytes to apoptosis in ZDF rats, suggesting a beneficial use in the treatment of diabesity. Further research regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of melatonin on diabesity is warranted.
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30
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Sinsky J, Pichlerova K, Hanes J. Tau Protein Interaction Partners and Their Roles in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Tauopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9207. [PMID: 34502116 PMCID: PMC8431036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tau protein plays a critical role in the assembly, stabilization, and modulation of microtubules, which are important for the normal function of neurons and the brain. In diseased conditions, several pathological modifications of tau protein manifest. These changes lead to tau protein aggregation and the formation of paired helical filaments (PHF) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), which are common hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. The accumulation of PHFs and NFTs results in impairment of physiological functions, apoptosis, and neuronal loss, which is reflected as cognitive impairment, and in the late stages of the disease, leads to death. The causes of this pathological transformation of tau protein haven't been fully understood yet. In both physiological and pathological conditions, tau interacts with several proteins which maintain their proper function or can participate in their pathological modifications. Interaction partners of tau protein and associated molecular pathways can either initiate and drive the tau pathology or can act neuroprotective, by reducing pathological tau proteins or inflammation. In this review, we focus on the tau as a multifunctional protein and its known interacting partners active in regulations of different processes and the roles of these proteins in Alzheimer's disease and tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jozef Hanes
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.S.); (K.P.)
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31
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Wang C, Wang Y, Shen L. Mitochondrial proteins in heart failure: The role of deacetylation by SIRT3. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105802. [PMID: 34363948 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is still the leading cause of death worldwide, occurring with a variety of complex mechanisms. However, most intervention for HF do not directly target the pathological mechanisms underlying cell damage in failing cardiomyocytes. Mitochondria are involved in many physiological processes, which is an important guarantee for normal heart function. Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered to be the critical node of the development of HF. Strict modulation of the mitochondrial function can ameliorate the myocardial injury and protect cardiac function. Acetylation plays an important role in mitochondrial protein homeostasis, and SIRT3, the most important deacetylation protein in mitochondria, is involved in the maintenance of mitochondrial function. SIRT3 can delay the progression of HF by improving mitochondrial function. Herein we summarize the interaction between SIRT3 and proteins related to mitochondrial function including oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), fatty acid oxidation (FAO), mitochondrial biosynthesis, mitochondrial quality control. In addition, we also sum up the effects of this interaction on HF and the research progress of treatments targeting SIRT3, so as to find potential HF therapeutic for clinical use in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Wang
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renming Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China.
| | - Yating Wang
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renming Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China.
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Internal Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renming Road, Changsha, Hunan 410011, PR China.
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Mitochondrion as a Target of Astaxanthin Therapy in Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157964. [PMID: 34360729 PMCID: PMC8347622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are considered to be important organelles in the cell and play a key role in the physiological function of the heart, as well as in the pathogenesis and development of various heart diseases. Under certain pathological conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, stroke, traumatic brain injury, neurodegenerative diseases, muscular dystrophy, etc., mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is formed and opened, which can lead to dysfunction of mitochondria and subsequently to cell death. This review summarizes the results of studies carried out by our group of the effect of astaxanthin (AST) on the functional state of rat heart mitochondria upon direct addition of AST to isolated mitochondria and upon chronic administration of AST under conditions of mPTP opening. It was shown that AST exerted a protective effect under all conditions. In addition, AST treatment was found to prevent isoproterenol-induced oxidative damage to mitochondria and increase mitochondrial efficiency. AST, a ketocarotenoid, may be a potential mitochondrial target in therapy for pathological conditions associated with oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, and may be a potential mitochondrial target in therapy for pathological conditions.
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Li A, Li X, Yi J, Ma J, Zhou J. Butyrate Feeding Reverses CypD-Related Mitoflash Phenotypes in Mouse Myofibers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7412. [PMID: 34299032 PMCID: PMC8304904 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitoflashes are spontaneous transients of the biosensor mt-cpYFP. In cardiomyocytes, mitoflashes are associated with the cyclophilin D (CypD) mediated opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), while in skeletal muscle they are considered hallmarks of mitochondrial respiration burst under physiological conditions. Here, we evaluated the potential association between mitoflashes and the mPTP opening at different CypD levels and phosphorylation status by generating three CypD derived fusion constructs with a red shifted, pH stable Ca2+ sensor jRCaMP1b. We observed perinuclear mitochondrial Ca2+ efflux accompanying mitoflashes in CypD and CypDS42A (a phosphor-resistant mutation at Serine 42) overexpressed myofibers but not the control myofibers expressing the mitochondria-targeting sequence of CypD (CypDN30). Assisted by a newly developed analysis program, we identified shorter, more frequent mitoflash activities occurring over larger areas in CypD and CypDS42A overexpressed myofibers than the control CypDN30 myofibers. These observations provide an association between the elevated CypD expression and increased mitoflash activities in hindlimb muscles in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) mouse model previously observed. More importantly, feeding the mice with sodium butyrate reversed the CypD-associated mitoflash phenotypes and protected against ectopic upregulation of CypD, unveiling a novel molecular mechanism underlying butyrate mediated alleviation of ALS progression in the mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010, USA; (X.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010, USA; (X.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jianxun Yi
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010, USA; (X.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jianjie Ma
- Department of Surgery, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Jingsong Zhou
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76010, USA; (X.L.); (J.Y.)
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Liu W, Qaed E, Zhu HG, Dong MX, Tang Z. Non-energy mechanism of phosphocreatine on the protection of cell survival. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111839. [PMID: 34174505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
If mitochondrial energy availability or oxidative metabolism is altered, patients will suffer from insufficient energy supply Phosphocreatine (PCr) not only acts as an energy carrier, but also acts as an antioxidant and defensive agent to maintain the integrity and stability of the membrane, to maintain ATP homeostasis through regulating mitochondrial respiration. Meanwhile, PCr can enhance calcium balance and reduce morphological pathological changes, ultimately, PCr helps to reduce apoptosis. On the other aspect, the activities of ATP synthase and MitCK play a crucial role in the maintenance of cellular energy metabolic function. It is interesting to note, PCr not only rises the activities of ATP synthase as well as MitCK, but also promotes these two enzymatic reactions. Additionally, PCr can also inhibit mitochondrial permeability transition in a concentration-dependent manner, prevent ROS and CytC from spilling into the cytoplasm, thereby inhibit the release of proapoptotic factors caspase-3 and caspase-9, and eventually, effectively prevent LPS-induced apoptosis of cells. Understandably, PCr prevents the apoptosis caused by abnormal mitochondrial energy metabolism and has a protective role in a non-energy manner. Moreover, recent studies have shown that PCr protects cell survival through PI3K/Akt/eNOS, MAPK pathway, and inhibition of Ang II-induced NF-κB activation. Furthermore, PCr antagonizes oxidative stress through the activation of PI3K/Akt/GSK3b intracellular pathway, PI3K/AKT-PGC1α signaling pathway, while through the promotion of SIRT3 expression to maintain normal cell metabolism. Interestingly, PCr results in delaying the time to enter pathological metabolism through the delayed activation of AMPK pathway, which is different from previous studies, now we propose the hypothesis that the "miRNA-JAK2/STAT3 -CypD pathway" may take part in protecting cells from apoptosis, PCr may be further be involved in the dynamic relationship between CypD and STAT3. Furthermore, we believe that PCr and CypD would be the central link to maintain cell survival and maintain cell stability and mitochondrial repair under the mitochondrial dysfunction caused by oxidative stress. This review provides the modern progress knowledge and views on the molecular mechanism and molecular targets of PCr in a non-energy way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, South Road of Lushun, 116044 Dalian, China
| | - Eskandar Qaed
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, South Road of Lushun, 116044 Dalian, China
| | - Han Guo Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, South Road of Lushun, 116044 Dalian, China
| | - Ma Xiao Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, South Road of Lushun, 116044 Dalian, China
| | - ZeYao Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 9 West Section, South Road of Lushun, 116044 Dalian, China.
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Morciano G, Naumova N, Koprowski P, Valente S, Sardão VA, Potes Y, Rimessi A, Wieckowski MR, Oliveira PJ. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore: an evolving concept critical for cell life and death. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:2489-2521. [PMID: 34155777 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we summarize current knowledge of perhaps one of the most intriguing phenomena in cell biology: the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). This phenomenon, which was initially observed as a sudden loss of inner mitochondrial membrane impermeability caused by excessive calcium, has been studied for almost 50 years, and still no definitive answer has been provided regarding its mechanisms. From its initial consideration as an in vitro artifact to the current notion that the mPTP is a phenomenon with physiological and pathological implications, a long road has been travelled. We here summarize the role of mitochondria in cytosolic calcium control and the evolving concepts regarding the mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) and the mPTP. We show how the evolving mPTP models and mechanisms, which involve many proposed mitochondrial protein components, have arisen from methodological advances and more complex biological models. We describe how scientific progress and methodological advances have allowed milestone discoveries on mPTP regulation and composition and its recognition as a valid target for drug development and a critical component of mitochondrial biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampaolo Morciano
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Via Corriera 1, Cotignola, Ravenna, 48033, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Natalia Naumova
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua Medical School, Via Giustiniani 2, Padova, 35128, Italy
| | - Piotr Koprowski
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland
| | - Sara Valente
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, 3060-197, Portugal
| | - Vilma A Sardão
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, 3060-197, Portugal
| | - Yaiza Potes
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland
| | - Alessandro Rimessi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, 3060-197, Portugal
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Simón Serrano S, Tavecchio M, Grönberg A, Sime W, Jemaà M, Moss S, Gregory MA, Gallay P, Elmér E, Hansson MJ, Massoumi R. Novel Cyclophilin Inhibitor Decreases Cell Proliferation and Tumor Growth in Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13123041. [PMID: 34207224 PMCID: PMC8234462 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cyclophilins, a family of proteins with peptidyl prolyl isomerase activity, have been found to be overexpressed in several cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and their expression is correlated to a poor prognosis. Cyclophilins play an important role in proliferation and cancer resistance in HCC. In this study, we evaluated the potential capacity of cyclophilin inhibitors as a treatment against HCC. We showed that our selected cyclophilin inhibitor, NV651, was able to decrease cell proliferation in vitro and induce an accumulation of cells in the G2/M phase due to a mitotic block. We could also confirm its capacity to decrease tumor growths in mice and its safety in vitro as well as in vivo. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary liver cancer, is usually diagnosed in its late state. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as sorafenib and regorafenib are one of the few treatment options approved for advanced HCC and only prolong the patient’s life expectancy by a few months. Therefore, there is a need for novel effective treatments. Cyclophilins are intracellular proteins that catalyze the cis/trans isomerization of peptide bonds at proline residues. Cyclophilins are known to be overexpressed in HCC, affecting therapy resistance and cell proliferation. In the present study, we explored the potential of cyclophilin inhibitors as new therapeutic options for HCC in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that the novel cyclophilin inhibitor, NV651, was able to significantly decrease proliferation in a diverse set of HCC cell lines. The exposure of HCC cells to NV651 caused an accumulation of cells during mitosis and consequent accumulation in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle. NV651 reduced tumor growth in vivo using an HCC xenograft model without affecting the body weights of the animals. The safety aspects of NV651 were also confirmed in primary human hepatocytes without any cytotoxic effects. Based on the results obtained in this study, we propose NV651 as a potential treatment strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Simón Serrano
- Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Medicon Village, 223 63 Lund, Sweden; (S.S.S.); (W.S.); (M.J.)
- Abliva AB, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, SE-233 81 Lund, Sweden; (M.T.); (A.G.); (E.E.); (M.J.H.)
| | - Michele Tavecchio
- Abliva AB, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, SE-233 81 Lund, Sweden; (M.T.); (A.G.); (E.E.); (M.J.H.)
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, BMC A13, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Alvar Grönberg
- Abliva AB, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, SE-233 81 Lund, Sweden; (M.T.); (A.G.); (E.E.); (M.J.H.)
| | - Wondossen Sime
- Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Medicon Village, 223 63 Lund, Sweden; (S.S.S.); (W.S.); (M.J.)
| | - Mohamed Jemaà
- Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Medicon Village, 223 63 Lund, Sweden; (S.S.S.); (W.S.); (M.J.)
| | - Steven Moss
- Isomerase Therapeutics Ltd., Suite 9, Science Village, Chesterford Research Park, Cambridge CB10 1XL, UK; (S.M.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Matthew Alan Gregory
- Isomerase Therapeutics Ltd., Suite 9, Science Village, Chesterford Research Park, Cambridge CB10 1XL, UK; (S.M.); (M.A.G.)
| | - Philippe Gallay
- Department of Immunology & Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA;
| | - Eskil Elmér
- Abliva AB, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, SE-233 81 Lund, Sweden; (M.T.); (A.G.); (E.E.); (M.J.H.)
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, BMC A13, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Joakim Hansson
- Abliva AB, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, SE-233 81 Lund, Sweden; (M.T.); (A.G.); (E.E.); (M.J.H.)
- Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, BMC A13, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ramin Massoumi
- Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Medicon Village, 223 63 Lund, Sweden; (S.S.S.); (W.S.); (M.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-46-222-64-30
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Liang L, Lin R, Xie Y, Lin H, Shao F, Rui W, Chen H. The Role of Cyclophilins in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2548-2560. [PMID: 34326693 PMCID: PMC8315013 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.58671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilins (Cyps) is a kind of ubiquitous protein family in organisms, which has biological functions such as promoting intracellular protein folding and participating in the pathological processes of inflammation and tumor. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC) are two common intestinal diseases, but the etiology and pathogenesis of these two diseases are still unclear. IBD and CRC are closely associated, IBD has always been considered as one of the main risks of CRC. However, the role of Cyps in these two related intestinal diseases is rarely studied and reported. In this review, the expression of CypA, CypB and CypD in IBD, especially ulcerative colitis (UC), and CRC, their relationship with the development of these two intestinal diseases, as well as the possible pathogenesis, were briefly summarized, so as to provide modest reference for clinical researches and treatments in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Liang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Rongxiao Lin
- Centrefor Novel Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Ying Xie
- Centrefor Novel Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Huaqing Lin
- Centrefor Novel Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, PR China.,GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Plaform, Zhongshan 528437, Guangdong Province, PR China.,Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Fangyuan Shao
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Wen Rui
- Centrefor Novel Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, PR China.,Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, PR China.,Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center,Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Hongyuan Chen
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, PR China.,GDPU-HKU Zhongshan Biomedical Innovation Plaform, Zhongshan 528437, Guangdong Province, PR China.,Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, PR China.,Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, PR China.,Guangdong Cosmetics Engineering & Technology Research Center,Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, PR China
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38
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Petersen OH, Gerasimenko JV, Gerasimenko OV, Gryshchenko O, Peng S. The roles of calcium and ATP in the physiology and pathology of the exocrine pancreas. Physiol Rev 2021; 101:1691-1744. [PMID: 33949875 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00003.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This review deals with the roles of calcium ions and ATP in the control of the normal functions of the different cell types in the exocrine pancreas as well as the roles of these molecules in the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis. Repetitive rises in the local cytosolic calcium ion concentration in the apical part of the acinar cells not only activate exocytosis but also, via an increase in the intramitochondrial calcium ion concentration, stimulate the ATP formation that is needed to fuel the energy-requiring secretion process. However, intracellular calcium overload, resulting in a global sustained elevation of the cytosolic calcium ion concentration, has the opposite effect of decreasing mitochondrial ATP production, and this initiates processes that lead to necrosis. In the last few years it has become possible to image calcium signaling events simultaneously in acinar, stellate, and immune cells in intact lobules of the exocrine pancreas. This has disclosed processes by which these cells interact with each other, particularly in relation to the initiation and development of acute pancreatitis. By unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying this disease, several promising therapeutic intervention sites have been identified. This provides hope that we may soon be able to effectively treat this often fatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole H Petersen
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Shuang Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Dong ZH, Lin HY, Chen FL, Che XQ, Bi WK, Shi SL, Wang J, Gao L, He Z, Zhao JJ. Berberine improves intralipid-induced insulin resistance in murine. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:735-743. [PMID: 32770172 PMCID: PMC8115075 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0493-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a major metabolic risk factor even before the onset of hyperglycemia. Recently, berberine (BBR) is found to improve hyperglycemia and IR. In this study, we investigated whether BBR could improve IR independent of hyperglycemia. Acute insulin-resistant state was induced in rats by systemic infusion of intralipid (6.6%). BBR was administered via different delivery routes before or after the beginning of a 2-h euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. At the end of experiment, rats were sacrificed, gastrocnemius muscle was collected for detecting mitochondrial swelling, phosphorylation of Akt and AMPK, as well as the mitochondrial permeability regulator cyclophilin D (CypD) protein expression. We showed that BBR administration markedly ameliorated intralipid-induced IR without affecting blood glucose, which was accompanied by alleviated mitochondrial swelling in skeletal muscle. We used human skeletal muscle cells (HSMCs), AML12 hepatocytes, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and CypD knockout mice to investigate metabolic and molecular alternations. In either HSMCs or AML12 hepatocytes, BBR (5 μM) abolished palmitate acid (PA)-induced increase of CypD protein levels. In CypD-deficient mice, intralipid-induced IR was greatly attenuated and the beneficial effect of BBR was diminished. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the inhibitory effect of BBR on intralipid-induced IR was mainly mediated by skeletal muscle, but not by intestine, liver, or microvasculature; BBR administration suppressed intralipid-induced upregulation of CypD expression in skeletal muscle. These results suggest that BBR alleviates intralipid-induced IR, which is related to the inhibition of CypD protein expression in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hua Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, 250021, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Ji-nan, 250021, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Ji-nan, 250021, China
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, 250000, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Ji-nan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, 250000, China
| | - Hai-Yan Lin
- Department of Health Management Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, 250000, China
| | - Fu-Lian Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, 250021, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Ji-nan, 250021, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Ji-nan, 250021, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Che
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, 250021, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Ji-nan, 250021, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Ji-nan, 250021, China
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, 250000, China
| | - Wen-Kai Bi
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, 250021, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Ji-nan, 250021, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Ji-nan, 250021, China
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, 250000, China
| | - Shu-Long Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, 250021, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Ji-nan, 250021, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Ji-nan, 250021, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, 250021, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Ji-nan, 250021, China
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Ji-nan, 250021, China
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, 250000, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji-nan, 250000, China.
| | - Zhao He
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, 250021, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Ji-nan, 250021, China.
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Ji-nan, 250021, China.
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, 250000, China.
| | - Jia-Jun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji-nan, 250021, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Ji-nan, 250021, China.
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Ji-nan, 250021, China.
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40
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Genome-wide enhancer maps link risk variants to disease genes. Nature 2021; 593:238-243. [PMID: 33828297 PMCID: PMC9153265 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03446-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 262] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified thousands of noncoding loci that are associated with human diseases and complex traits, each of which could reveal insights into the mechanisms of disease1. Many of the underlying causal variants may affect enhancers2,3, but we lack accurate maps of enhancers and their target genes to interpret such variants. We recently developed the activity-by-contact (ABC) model to predict which enhancers regulate which genes and validated the model using CRISPR perturbations in several cell types4. Here we apply this ABC model to create enhancer-gene maps in 131 human cell types and tissues, and use these maps to interpret the functions of GWAS variants. Across 72 diseases and complex traits, ABC links 5,036 GWAS signals to 2,249 unique genes, including a class of 577 genes that appear to influence multiple phenotypes through variants in enhancers that act in different cell types. In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), causal variants are enriched in predicted enhancers by more than 20-fold in particular cell types such as dendritic cells, and ABC achieves higher precision than other regulatory methods at connecting noncoding variants to target genes. These variant-to-function maps reveal an enhancer that contains an IBD risk variant and that regulates the expression of PPIF to alter the membrane potential of mitochondria in macrophages. Our study reveals principles of genome regulation, identifies genes that affect IBD and provides a resource and generalizable strategy to connect risk variants of common diseases to their molecular and cellular functions.
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Gong Y, Lin J, Ma Z, Yu M, Wang M, Lai D, Fu G. Mitochondria-associated membrane-modulated Ca 2+ transfer: A potential treatment target in cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury and heart failure. Life Sci 2021; 278:119511. [PMID: 33864818 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Effective Ca2+ dependent mitochondrial energy supply is imperative for proper cardiac contractile activity, while disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis participates in the pathogenesis of multiple human diseases. This phenomenon is particularly prominent in cardiac ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) and heart failure, both of which require strict clinical intervention. The interface between endoplasmic reticula (ER) and mitochondria, designated the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM), is now regarded as a crucial mediator of Ca2+ transportation. Thus, interventions targeting this physical and functional coupling between mitochondria and the ER are highly desirable. Increasing evidence supports the notion that restoration, and maintenance, of the physiological contact between these two organelles can improve mitochondrial function, while inhibiting cell death, thereby sufficiently ameliorating I/R injury and heart failure development. A better understanding regarding the underlying mechanism of MAM-mediated transport will pave the way for identification of novel treatment approaches for heart disease. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the crucial functions and potential mechanisms of MAMs in the pathogenesis of I/R and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zetao Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Meihui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Dongwu Lai
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Guosheng Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, China.
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Deng F, Zheng X, Sharma I, Dai Y, Wang Y, Kanwar YS. Regulated cell death in cisplatin-induced AKI: relevance of myo-inositol metabolism. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F578-F595. [PMID: 33615890 PMCID: PMC8083971 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00016.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death (RCD), distinct from accidental cell death, refers to a process of well-controlled programmed cell death with well-defined pathological mechanisms. In the past few decades, various terms for RCDs were coined, and some of them have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various types of acute kidney injury (AKI). Cisplatin is widely used as a chemotherapeutic drug for a broad spectrum of cancers, but its usage was hampered because of being highly nephrotoxic. Cisplatin-induced AKI is commonly seen clinically, and it also serves as a well-established prototypic model for laboratory investigations relevant to acute nephropathy affecting especially the tubular compartment. Literature reports over a period of three decades have indicated that there are multiple types of RCDs, including apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and mitochondrial permeability transition-mediated necrosis, and some of them are pertinent to the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced AKI. Interestingly, myo-inositol metabolism, a vital biological process that is largely restricted to the kidney, seems to be relevant to the pathogenesis of certain forms of RCDs. A comprehensive understanding of RCDs in cisplatin-induced AKI and their relevance to myo-inositol homeostasis may yield novel therapeutic targets for the amelioration of cisplatin-related nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Deng
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xiaoping Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Isha Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yingbo Dai
- Department of Urology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yinhuai Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yashpal S Kanwar
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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Jia K, Du H. Mitochondrial Permeability Transition: A Pore Intertwines Brain Aging and Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2021; 10:649. [PMID: 33804048 PMCID: PMC8001058 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced age is the greatest risk factor for aging-related brain disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the detailed mechanisms that mechanistically link aging and AD remain elusive. In recent years, a mitochondrial hypothesis of brain aging and AD has been accentuated. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is a mitochondrial response to intramitochondrial and intracellular stresses. mPTP overactivation has been implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction in aging and AD brains. This review summarizes the up-to-date progress in the study of mPTP in aging and AD and attempts to establish a link between brain aging and AD from a perspective of mPTP-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Jia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;
| | - Heng Du
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;
- Higuchi Biosciences Center, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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Yang H, Zhang Z. Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction: the role of mitochondrial dysfunction. Inflamm Res 2021; 70:379-387. [PMID: 33683374 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-021-01447-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) is a condition manifested by an intrinsic myocardial systolic and diastolic dysfunction during sepsis, which is associated with worse clinical outcomes and a higher mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS Several pathophysiological mechanisms including mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal body immune reaction, metabolic reprogramming, excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and disorder of calcium regulation have been involved in SIMD. Mitophagy has potential role in protecting myocardial cells in sepsis, especially in survivors. CONCLUSION In the current review, we focus on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction and other mitochondria-related mechanisms including immunologic imbalance, energetic reprogramming, mitophagy, and pyroptosis in the mechanisms of SIMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Xiang, Wu Hou District, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhaocai Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jiefang Road No. 88, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang province, China.
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Kumutima J, Yao XQ, Hamelberg D. p53 Is Potentially Regulated by Cyclophilin D in the Triple-Proline Loop of the DNA Binding Domain. Biochemistry 2021; 60:597-606. [PMID: 33591178 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The multifunctional protein p53 is the central molecular sensor of cellular stresses. The canonical function of p53 is to transcriptionally activate target genes in response to, for example, DNA damage that may trigger apoptosis. Recently, p53 was also found to play a role in the regulation of necrosis, another type of cell death featured by the mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT). In this process, p53 directly interacts with the mPT regulator cyclophilin D, the detailed mechanism of which however remains poorly understood. Here, we report a comprehensive computational investigation of the p53-cyclophilin D interaction using molecular dynamics simulations and associated analyses. We have identified the specific cyclophilin D binding site on p53 that is located at proline 151 in the DNA binding domain. As a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase, cyclophilin D binds p53 and catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of the peptide bond preceding proline 151. We have also characterized the effect of such an isomerization and found that the p53 domain in the cis state is overall more rigid than the trans state except for the local region around proline 151. Dynamical changes upon isomerization occur in both local and distal regions, indicating an allosteric effect elicited by the isomerization. We present potential allosteric communication pathways between proline 151 and distal sites, including the DNA binding surface. Our work provides, for the first time, a model for how cyclophilin D binds p53 and regulates its activity by switching the configuration of a specific site.
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Bhatia V, Sharma S. Role of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and autophagy in progression of Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Sci 2020; 421:117253. [PMID: 33476985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.117253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. The pathological hallmarks of AD are amyloid plaques [aggregates of amyloid beta (A)] and neurofibrillary tangles (aggregates of tau protein). Growing evidence suggests that tau accumulation is pathologically more relevant to the development of neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in AD patients than A plaques. Mitochondrial damage plays an important role in AD. Mitochondrial damage has been related to amyloid-beta or tau pathology or to the presence of specific presenilin-1 mutations. Elevate reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species production and defective mitochondrial dynamic balance has been suggested to be the reason as well as the consequence of AD related pathology. Oxidative stress is a prominent early event in the pathogenesis of AD and is therefore believed to contribute to tau hyperphosphorylation. Several studies have shown that the autophagy pathway in neurons is important under physiological and pathological conditions. Therefore, this pathway plays a crucial role for the degradation of endogenous soluble tau. However, the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunctioning, oxidative stress, autophagy dysregulation, and neuronal cell death in AD remains unclear. Here, we review the latest progress in AD, with a special emphasis on mitochondrial dysfunctioning, oxidative stress, and autophagy. We also discuss the interlink mechanism of these three factors in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Bhatia
- School of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare, CT University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CT University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.
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Li A, Yi J, Li X, Zhou J. Physiological Ca 2+ Transients Versus Pathological Steady-State Ca 2+ Elevation, Who Flips the ROS Coin in Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria. Front Physiol 2020; 11:595800. [PMID: 33192612 PMCID: PMC7642813 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.595800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are both the primary provider of ATP and the pivotal regulator of cell death, which are essential for physiological muscle activities. Ca2+ plays a multifaceted role in mitochondrial function. During muscle contraction, Ca2+ influx into mitochondria activates multiple enzymes related to tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in increased ATP synthesis to meet the energy demand. Pathophysiological conditions such as skeletal muscle denervation or unloading also lead to elevated Ca2+ levels inside mitochondria. However, the outcomes of this steady-state elevation of mitochondrial Ca2+ level include exacerbated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, sensitized opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), induction of programmed cell death, and ultimately muscle atrophy. Previously, both acute and long-term endurance exercises have been reported to activate certain signaling pathways to counteract ROS production. Meanwhile, electrical stimulation is known to help prevent apoptosis and alleviate muscle atrophy in denervated animal models and patients with motor impairment. There are various mechanistic studies that focus on the excitation-transcription coupling framework to understand the beneficial role of exercise and electrical stimulation. Interestingly, a recent study has revealed an unexpected role of rapid mitochondrial Ca2+ transients in keeping mPTP at a closed state with reduced mitochondrial ROS production. This discovery motivated us to contribute this review article to inspire further discussion about the potential mechanisms underlying differential outcomes of physiological mitochondrial Ca2+ transients and pathological mitochondrial Ca2+ elevation in skeletal muscle ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Jianxun Yi
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Jingsong Zhou
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
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Naumova N, Šachl R. Regulation of Cell Death by Mitochondrial Transport Systems of Calcium and Bcl-2 Proteins. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:E299. [PMID: 33096926 PMCID: PMC7590060 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria represent the fundamental system for cellular energy metabolism, by not only supplying energy in the form of ATP, but also by affecting physiology and cell death via the regulation of calcium homeostasis and the activity of Bcl-2 proteins. A lot of research has recently been devoted to understanding the interplay between Bcl-2 proteins, the regulation of these interactions within the cell, and how these interactions lead to the changes in calcium homeostasis. However, the role of Bcl-2 proteins in the mediation of mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, and therefore the induction of cell death pathways, remain underestimated and are still not well understood. In this review, we first summarize our knowledge about calcium transport systems in mitochondria, which, when miss-regulated, can induce necrosis. We continue by reviewing and analyzing the functions of Bcl-2 proteins in apoptosis. Finally, we link these two regulatory mechanisms together, exploring the interactions between the mitochondrial Ca2+ transport systems and Bcl-2 proteins, both capable of inducing cell death, with the potential to determine the cell death pathway-either the apoptotic or the necrotic one.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Radek Šachl
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Curcumin induces chemosensitization to doxorubicin in Duke's type B coloadenocarcinoma cell line. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7883-7892. [PMID: 33025506 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05866-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells require higher levels of ATP for their sustained growth, proliferation, and chemoresistance. Mitochondrial matrix protein, C1qbp is upregulated in colon cancer cell lines. It protects the mitochondria from oxidative stress, by inhibiting the Membrane Permeability Transition (MPT) pore and providing uninterrupted synthesis of ATP. This intracellular interaction of C1qbp could be involved in chemoresistance development. Natural chemosensitizing agent, curcumin has been used in the treatment of multiple cancers. In this current study, we elucidate the role of C1qbp during curcumin induced chemosensitization to doxorubicin resistant colon cancer cells. The possible interaction between C1qbp and curcumin was determined using bioinformatics tools-AutoDock, SYBYL, and PyMol. Intracellular doxorubicin accumulation by fluorimetry and dead cell count was carried out to determine development of chemoresistance. Effect of curcumin treatment and cytotoxicity was measured by MTT and lactate dehydrogenase release. Morphological analysis by phase contrast microscopy and colony forming ability by colonogenic assay were also performed. In addition, Cox-2 could mediate P-glycoprotein upregulation via phosphorylation of c-Jun. Thus, the gene level expression of P-glycoprotein and Cox-2 was also investigated using PCR. Through molecular docking we identified possible interaction between curcumin and C1qbp. We observed development of chemoresistance upon 6th day treatment. Concentration dependent alleviation of chemoresistance development by curcumin was confirmed and was found to reduce gene level expression of P-glycoprotein and Cox-2. Hence, curcumin could interact directly with C1qbp protein and this interaction could contribute to the chemosensiting effect to doxorubicin in colon cancer cells.
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50
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Dikalova A, Mayorov V, Xiao L, Panov A, Amarnath V, Zagol-Ikapitte I, Vergeade A, Ao M, Yermalitsky V, Nazarewicz RR, Boutaud O, Lopez MG, Billings FT, Davies S, Roberts LJ, Harrison DG, Dikalov S. Mitochondrial Isolevuglandins Contribute to Vascular Oxidative Stress and Mitochondria-Targeted Scavenger of Isolevuglandins Reduces Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Hypertension. Hypertension 2020; 76:1980-1991. [PMID: 33012204 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension remains a major health problem in Western Societies, and blood pressure is poorly controlled in a third of patients despite use of multiple drugs. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to hypertension, and mitochondria-targeted agents can potentially improve treatment of hypertension. We have proposed that mitochondrial oxidative stress produces reactive dicarbonyl lipid peroxidation products, isolevuglandins, and that scavenging of mitochondrial isolevuglandins improves vascular function and reduces hypertension. To test this hypothesis, we have studied the accumulation of mitochondrial isolevuglandins-protein adducts in patients with essential hypertension and Ang II (angiotensin II) model of hypertension using mass spectrometry and Western blot analysis. The therapeutic potential of targeting mitochondrial isolevuglandins was tested by the novel mitochondria-targeted isolevuglandin scavenger, mito2HOBA. Mitochondrial isolevuglandins in arterioles from hypertensive patients were 250% greater than in arterioles from normotensive subjects, and ex vivo mito2HOBA treatment of arterioles from hypertensive subjects increased deacetylation of a key mitochondrial antioxidant, SOD2 (superoxide dismutase 2). In human aortic endothelial cells stimulated with Ang II plus TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-α, mito2HOBA reduced mitochondrial superoxide and cardiolipin oxidation, a specific marker of mitochondrial oxidative stress. In Ang II-infused mice, mito2HOBA diminished mitochondrial isolevuglandins-protein adducts, raised Sirt3 (sirtuin 3) mitochondrial deacetylase activity, reduced vascular superoxide, increased endothelial nitric oxide, improved endothelium-dependent relaxation, and attenuated hypertension. Mito2HOBA preserved mitochondrial respiration, protected ATP production, and reduced mitochondrial permeability pore opening in Ang II-infused mice. These data support the role of mitochondrial isolevuglandins in endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. We conclude that scavenging of mitochondrial isolevuglandins may have therapeutic potential in treatment of vascular dysfunction and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dikalova
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | | | - Liang Xiao
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Alexander Panov
- Scientific Centre for Family Health and Human Reproduction Problems, Irkutsk, Russian Federation (A.P.)
| | - Venkataraman Amarnath
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Irene Zagol-Ikapitte
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Aurelia Vergeade
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Mingfang Ao
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Valery Yermalitsky
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Rafal R Nazarewicz
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Olivier Boutaud
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Marcos G Lopez
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Frederic T Billings
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Sean Davies
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - L Jackson Roberts
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - David G Harrison
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
| | - Sergey Dikalov
- From the Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.D., L.X., V.A., I.Z.-I., A.V., M.A., V.Y., R.R.N., O.B., M.G.L., F.T.B., S. Davies, L.J.R., D.G.H., S. Dikalov)
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