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Nhon DH, Sieu LN, Hai PS, Thanh TD, Loan BTT, Ve ND, Vuong BV, Luu NTM, Long TH, Chien HT, The ND. Assessment of the level and risk of radioactive hazards in coastal sediments in northern Vietnam. ISOTOPES IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH STUDIES 2024:1-25. [PMID: 38973646 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2024.2374085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Radioactivity in coastal sediments in northern Vietnam was examined using data from five sediment cores to assess radioactivity concentrations and radiation risk indices. Radiation risk indices included radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the absorbed dose rate (ADR), the annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE), the activity utilization index (AUI), the external hazard index (Hex), the representative level gamma index (Iγr), and the annual gonadal effective dose rate (AGDE). The radioactivity concentrations of 40K, 232Th, 226Ra, 238U, and 137Cs were 567, 56.1, 35.1, 37.9, and 1.18 Bq/kg, respectively. The average concentrations of 40K, 232Th, 226Ra, and 238U were above the global average at five sites, except for 137Cs, which was low. The Raeq, Hex, and AUI indices were below the recommended values, while the AEDE, ADR, AGDE, and Iγr indices were above the recommended values. Moreover, 40K, 232Th, 226Ra, and 238U had significant impacts on the radiation hazard indices Raeq, ADR, AEDE, Iγr, AUI, Hex, and AGDE. There are three coastal sediment groups on the northern coast of Vietnam: Group 1 has a higher radioactivity and radiation risk index than Group 2 but a lower value than Group 3. Group 3 had the highest radioactivity and radiation risk index. The values of 40K, 232Th, 226Ra, and 238U and the ADR, AUI, Iγr, and AGDE indices in the sediment threaten the living environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dang Hoai Nhon
- Institute of Marine Environment and Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hai Phong City, Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi City, Vietnam
| | - Le Nhu Sieu
- Dalat Nuclear Research Institute, Vietnam Atomic Energy Commission, Da Lat City, Vietnam
| | - Phan Son Hai
- Dalat Nuclear Research Institute, Vietnam Atomic Energy Commission, Da Lat City, Vietnam
| | - Tran Duc Thanh
- Institute of Marine Environment and Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hai Phong City, Vietnam
| | - Bui Thi Thanh Loan
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ha Noi City, Vietnam
- Institute of Environment, Vietnam Maritime University, Hai Phong City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Dac Ve
- Institute of Marine Environment and Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hai Phong City, Vietnam
| | - Bui Van Vuong
- Institute of Marine Environment and Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hai Phong City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Mai Luu
- Institute of Marine Environment and Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hai Phong City, Vietnam
| | - Tran Huu Long
- Institute of Environment, Vietnam Maritime University, Hai Phong City, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Thi Chien
- Institute of Marine Environment and Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hai Phong City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Duc The
- Institute of Marine Environment and Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hai Phong City, Vietnam
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Lerouge L, Ruch A, Pierson J, Thomas N, Barberi-Heyob M. Non-targeted effects of radiation therapy for glioblastoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30813. [PMID: 38778925 PMCID: PMC11109805 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is recommended for the treatment of brain tumors such as glioblastoma (GBM) and brain metastases. Various curative and palliative scenarios suggest improved local-regional control. Although the underlying mechanisms are not yet clear, additional therapeutic effects have been described, including proximity and abscopal reactions at the treatment site. Clinical and preclinical data suggest that the immune system plays an essential role in regulating the non-targeted effects of radiotherapy for GBM. This article reviews current biological mechanisms for regulating the non-targeted effects caused by external and internal radiotherapy, and how they might be applied in a clinical context. Optimization of therapeutic regimens requires assessment of the complexity of the host immune system on the activity of immunosuppressive or immunostimulatory cells, such as glioma-associated macrophages and microglia. This article also discusses recent preclinical models adapted to post-radiotherapy responses. This narrative review explores and discusses the current status of immune responses both locally via the "bystander effect" and remotely via the "abscopal effect". Preclinical and clinical observations demonstrate that unirradiated cells, near or far from the irradiation site, can control the tumor response. Nevertheless, previous studies do not address the problem in its global context, and present gaps regarding the link between the role of the immune system in the control of non-targeted effects for different types of radiotherapy and different fractionation schemes applied to GBM. This narrative synthesis of the scientific literature should help to update and critique available preclinical and medical knowledge. Indirectly, it will help formulate new research projects based on the synthesis and interpretation of results from a non-systematic selection of published studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Lerouge
- Department of Biology, Signals and Systems in Cancer and Neuroscience, CRAN, UMR7039, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Aurélie Ruch
- Department of Biology, Signals and Systems in Cancer and Neuroscience, CRAN, UMR7039, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Julien Pierson
- Department of Biology, Signals and Systems in Cancer and Neuroscience, CRAN, UMR7039, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Noémie Thomas
- Department of Biology, Signals and Systems in Cancer and Neuroscience, CRAN, UMR7039, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Muriel Barberi-Heyob
- Department of Biology, Signals and Systems in Cancer and Neuroscience, CRAN, UMR7039, Université de Lorraine, CNRS, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Eke BC, Akomolafe IR, Ukewuihe UM, Onyenegecha CP. Assessment of Radiation Hazard Indices Due to Natural Radionuclides in Soil Samples from Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2024; 18:11786302231224581. [PMID: 38292566 PMCID: PMC10826396 DOI: 10.1177/11786302231224581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
A total of 30 soil samples from different sampling points at Imo State University (IMSU), Owerri, Nigeria were collected for the study. The activity concentrations of naturally occurring radionuclides (238U, 232Th, and 40K) were measured in the samples by gamma-ray spectrometry using NaI (TI) detector. Absorbed dose rate (D), annual effective dose (AED), radium equivalent activity (Raeq), and radiological hazard index parameters (activity utilization index [AUI], external hazard index [Hex], internal hazard index [Hin], and excess lifetime cancer risk [ELCR]) due to the naturally occurring radionuclides were determined. The mean activity of 238U, 232Th, and 40K were found to be 20.32 ± 3.22, 22.55 ± 0.68, and 91.63 ± 1.54 Bqkg-1 which were lower than the world average reference mean values of 33, 45, and 420 Bqkg-1for 238U, 232Th, and 40K, respectively, as reported by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR). The average value of D, Raeq, AUI, ELCR, Hex, and Hin in the soil samples was 26.86 ± 1.97 nGyh-1, 59.62 ± 4.14 Bqkg-1, 0.42 ± 0.03, 0.14 ± 0.01 (×10-3), 0.16 ± 0.01, and 0.22 ± 0.02, respectively. The annual effective dose to the general public was 33.07 ± 2.40 μSvy-1. This value lies well below the average worldwide reference value of 0.7 mSvy-1, as reported by UNSCEAR. Soil samples from IMSU pose no significant radiological health hazards to the university community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedict Chukwudi Eke
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
| | - Idowu Richard Akomolafe
- Department of Physical Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Redeemer’s University Ede, Nigeria
| | - Udoka Mathias Ukewuihe
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
| | - Chibueze Paul Onyenegecha
- Department of Physics, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria
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Atajanova T, Rahman MM, Konieczkowski DJ, Morris ZS. Radiation-associated secondary malignancies: a novel opportunity for applying immunotherapies. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:3445-3452. [PMID: 37658906 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03532-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Radiation is commonly used as a treatment intended to cure or palliate cancer patients. Despite remarkable advances in the precision of radiotherapy delivery, even the most advanced forms inevitably expose some healthy tissues surrounding the target site to radiation. On rare occasions, this results in the development of radiation-associated secondary malignancies (RASM). RASM are typically high-grade and carry a poorer prognosis than their non-radiated counterparts. RASM are characterized by a high mutation burden, increased T cell infiltration, and a microenvironment that bears unique inflammatory signatures of prior radiation, including increased expression of various cytokines (e.g., TGF-β, TNF-α, IL4, and IL10). Interestingly, these cytokines have been shown to up-regulate the expression of PD-1 and/or PD-L1-an immune checkpoint receptor/ligand pair that is commonly targeted by immune checkpoint blocking immunotherapies. Here, we review the current understanding of the tumor-immune interactions in RASM, highlight the distinct clinical and molecular characteristics of RASM that may render them immunologically "hot," and propose a rationale for the formal testing of immune checkpoint blockade as a treatment approach for patients with RASM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tavus Atajanova
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Program, Amherst College, Amherst, MA, 01002, USA
- Department of Sociology, Amherst College, Amherst, MA, 01002, USA
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Md Mahfuzur Rahman
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - David J Konieczkowski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Zachary S Morris
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53726, USA.
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Masi A, Capobianco A, Bobrowski K, Peluso A, Chatgilialoglu C. Hydroxyl Radical vs. One-Electron Oxidation Reactivities in an Alternating GC Double-Stranded Oligonucleotide: A New Type Electron Hole Stabilization. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1493. [PMID: 37892175 PMCID: PMC10605094 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the reaction of hydroxyl radicals (HO•) and sulfate radical anions (SO4•-), which is generated by ionizing radiation in aqueous solutions under anoxic conditions, with an alternating GC doubled-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide (ds-ODN), i.e., the palindromic 5'-d(GCGCGC)-3'. In particular, the optical spectra of the intermediate species and associated kinetic data in the range of ns to ms were obtained via pulse radiolysis. Computational studies by means of density functional theory (DFT) for structural and time-dependent DFT for spectroscopic features were performed on 5'-d(GCGC)-3'. Comprehensively, our results suggest the addition of HO• to the G:C pair moiety, affording the [8-HO-G:C]• detectable adduct. The previous reported spectra of one-electron oxidation of a variety of ds-ODN were assigned to [G(-H+):C]• after deprotonation. Regarding 5'-d(GCGCGC)-3' ds-ODN, the spectrum at 800 ns has a completely different spectral shape and kinetic behavior. By means of calculations, we assigned the species to [G:C/C:G]•+, in which the electron hole is predicted to be delocalized on the two stacked base pairs. This transient species was further hydrated to afford the [8-HO-G:C]• detectable adduct. These remarkable findings suggest that the double-stranded alternating GC sequences allow for a new type of electron hole stabilization via delocalization over the whole sequence or part of it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Masi
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Amedeo Capobianco
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”, Università di Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Krzysztof Bobrowski
- Centre of Radiation Research and Technology, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Andrea Peluso
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”, Università di Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy;
- Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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6
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Kose O, Mantecca P, Costa A, Carrière M. Putative adverse outcome pathways for silver nanoparticle toxicity on mammalian male reproductive system: a literature review. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:1. [PMID: 36604752 PMCID: PMC9814206 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00511-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) are conceptual frameworks that organize knowledge about biological interactions and toxicity mechanisms. They present a sequence of events commencing with initial interaction(s) of a stressor, which defines the perturbation in a biological system (molecular initiating event, MIE), and a dependent series of key events (KEs), ending with an adverse outcome (AO). AOPs have recently become the subject of intense studies in a view to better understand the mechanisms of nanomaterial (NM) toxicity. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are one of the most explored nanostructures and are extensively used in various application. This, in turn, has increased the potential for interactions of Ag NPs with environments, and toxicity to human health. The aim of this study was to construct a putative AOPs (pAOP) related to reproductive toxicity of Ag NPs, in order to lay the groundwork for a better comprehension of mechanisms affecting both undesired toxicity (against human cell) and expected toxicity (against microorganisms). METHODS PubMed and Scopus were systematically searched for peer-reviewed studies examining reproductive toxicity potential of Ag NPs. The quality of selected studies was assessed through ToxRTool. Eventually, forty-eight studies published between 2005 and 2022 were selected to identify the mechanisms of Ag NPs impact on reproductive function in human male. The biological endpoints, measurements, and results were extracted from these studies. Where possible, endpoints were assigned to a potential KE and an AO using expert judgment. Then, KEs were classified at each major level of biological organization. RESULTS We identified the impairment of intracellular SH-containing biomolecules, which are major cellular antioxidants, as a putative MIE, with subsequent KEs defined as ROS accumulation, mitochondrial damage, DNA damage and lipid peroxidation, apoptosis, reduced production of reproductive hormones and reduced quality of sperm. These successive KEs may result in impaired male fertility (AO). CONCLUSION This research recapitulates and schematically represents complex literature data gathered from different biological levels and propose a pAOP related to the reproductive toxicity induced by AgNPs. The development of AOPs specific to NMs should be encouraged in order to provide new insights to gain a better understanding of NP toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Kose
- grid.457348.90000 0004 0630 1517Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES-CIBEST, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Paride Mantecca
- grid.7563.70000 0001 2174 1754Polaris Research Centre, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Costa
- grid.5326.20000 0001 1940 4177CNR-ISTEC, Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics-National Research Council of Italy, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy
| | - Marie Carrière
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES-CIBEST, 38000, Grenoble, France.
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Whole-Genome Sequencing Reveals Mutational Signatures Related to Radiation-Induced Sarcomas and DNA-Damage-Repair Pathways. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100004. [PMID: 36788076 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2022.100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced sarcoma (RIS) is a rare but serious late complication arising from radiotherapy. Despite unfavorable clinical outcomes, the genomic footprints of ionizing radiation in RIS development remain largely unknown. Hence, this study aimed to characterize RIS genomes and the genomic alterations in them. We analyzed whole-genome sequencing in 11 RIS genomes matched with normal genomes to identify somatic alterations potentially associated with RIS development. Furthermore, the abundance of mutations, mutation signatures, and structural variants in RIS were compared with those in radiation-naïve spontaneous sarcomas. The mutation abundance in RIS genomes, including one hypermutated genome, was variable. Cancer-related genes might show different types of genomic alterations. For instance, NF1, NF2, NOTCH1, NOTCH2, PIK3CA, RB1, and TP53 showed singleton somatic mutations; MYC, CDKN2A, RB1, and NF1 showed recurrent copy number alterations; and NF2, ARID1B, and RAD51B showed recurrent structural variations. The genomic footprints of nonhomologous end joining are prevalent at indels of RIS genomes compared with those in spontaneous sarcoma genomes, representing the genomic hallmark of RIS genomes. In addition, frequent chromothripsis was identified along with predisposing germline variants in the DNA-damage-repair pathways in RIS genomes. The characterization of RIS genomes on a whole-genome sequencing scale highlighted that the nonhomologous end joining pathway was associated with tumorigenesis, and it might pave the way for the development of advanced diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for RIS.
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Souli MP, Nikitaki Z, Puchalska M, Brabcová KP, Spyratou E, Kote P, Efstathopoulos EP, Hada M, Georgakilas AG, Sihver L. Clustered DNA Damage Patterns after Proton Therapy Beam Irradiation Using Plasmid DNA. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415606. [PMID: 36555249 PMCID: PMC9779025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Modeling ionizing radiation interaction with biological matter is a major scientific challenge, especially for protons that are nowadays widely used in cancer treatment. That presupposes a sound understanding of the mechanisms that take place from the early events of the induction of DNA damage. Herein, we present results of irradiation-induced complex DNA damage measurements using plasmid pBR322 along a typical Proton Treatment Plan at the MedAustron proton and carbon beam therapy facility (energy 137-198 MeV and Linear Energy Transfer (LET) range 1-9 keV/μm), by means of Agarose Gel Electrophoresis and DNA fragmentation using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The induction rate Mbp-1 Gy-1 for each type of damage, single strand breaks (SSBs), double-strand breaks (DSBs), base lesions and non-DSB clusters was measured after irradiations in solutions with varying scavenging capacity containing 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol (Tris) and coumarin-3-carboxylic acid (C3CA) as scavengers. Our combined results reveal the determining role of LET and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, AFM used to measure apparent DNA lengths provided us with insights into the role of increasing LET in the induction of highly complex DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P Souli
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, 1020 Vienna, Austria
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Zacharenia Nikitaki
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, 1020 Vienna, Austria
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Ellas Spyratou
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11517 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Kote
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios P Efstathopoulos
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11517 Athens, Greece
| | - Megumi Hada
- Radiation Institute for Science & Engineering, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX 77446, USA
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Lembit Sihver
- Atominstitut, Technische Universität Wien, 1020 Vienna, Austria
- Nuclear Physics Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Truhlářce 39/64, 180 86 Prague, Czech Republic
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9
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The Two Faces of the Guanyl Radical: Molecular Context and Behavior. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123511. [PMID: 34207639 PMCID: PMC8227002 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The guanyl radical or neutral guanine radical G(-H)• results from the loss of a hydrogen atom (H•) or an electron/proton (e–/H+) couple from the guanine structures (G). The guanyl radical exists in two tautomeric forms. As the modes of formation of the two tautomers, their relationship and reactivity at the nucleoside level are subjects of intense research and are discussed in a holistic manner, including time-resolved spectroscopies, product studies, and relevant theoretical calculations. Particular attention is given to the one-electron oxidation of the GC pair and the complex mechanism of the deprotonation vs. hydration step of GC•+ pair. The role of the two G(-H)• tautomers in single- and double-stranded oligonucleotides and the G-quadruplex, the supramolecular arrangement that attracts interest for its biological consequences, are considered. The importance of biomarkers of guanine DNA damage is also addressed.
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Koritala BSC, Porter KI, Arshad OA, Gajula RP, Mitchell HD, Arman T, Manjanatha MG, Teeguarden J, Van Dongen HPA, McDermott JE, Gaddameedhi S. Night shift schedule causes circadian dysregulation of DNA repair genes and elevated DNA damage in humans. J Pineal Res 2021; 70:e12726. [PMID: 33638890 PMCID: PMC8011353 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Circadian disruption has been identified as a risk factor for health disorders such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Although epidemiological studies suggest an increased risk of various cancers associated with circadian misalignment due to night shift work, the underlying mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. We sought to investigate the potential mechanistic role that circadian disruption of cancer hallmark pathway genes may play in the increased cancer risk in shift workers. In a controlled laboratory study, we investigated the circadian transcriptome of cancer hallmark pathway genes and associated biological pathways in circulating leukocytes obtained from healthy young adults during a 24-hour constant routine protocol following 3 days of simulated day shift or night shift. The simulated night shift schedule significantly altered the normal circadian rhythmicity of genes involved in cancer hallmark pathways. A DNA repair pathway showed significant enrichment of rhythmic genes following the simulated day shift schedule, but not following the simulated night shift schedule. In functional assessments, we demonstrated that there was an increased sensitivity to both endogenous and exogenous sources of DNA damage after exposure to simulated night shift. Our results suggest that circadian dysregulation of DNA repair may increase DNA damage and potentiate elevated cancer risk in night shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bala S. C. Koritala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
- Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kenneth I. Porter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
- Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Osama A. Arshad
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Rajendra P. Gajula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
- Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Hugh D. Mitchell
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Tarana Arman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Mugimane G. Manjanatha
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Toxicology, National Center for Toxicology Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Justin Teeguarden
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Hans P. A. Van Dongen
- Sleep and Performance Research Center, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Jason E. McDermott
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Shobhan Gaddameedhi
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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11
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Chatgilialoglu C, Ferreri C, Krokidis MG, Masi A, Terzidis MA. On the relevance of hydroxyl radical to purine DNA damage. Free Radic Res 2021; 55:384-404. [PMID: 33494618 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2021.1876855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyl radical (HO•) is the most reactive toward DNA among the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in aerobic organisms by cellular metabolisms. HO• is generated also by exogenous sources such as ionizing radiations. In this review we focus on the purine DNA damage by HO• radicals. In particular, emphasis is given on mechanistic aspects for the various lesion formation and their interconnections. Although the majority of the purine DNA lesions like 8-oxo-purine (8-oxo-Pu) are generated by various ROS (including HO•), the formation of 5',8-cyclopurine (cPu) lesions in vitro and in vivo relies exclusively on the HO• attack. Methodologies generally utilized for the purine lesions quantification in biological samples are reported and critically discussed. Recent results on cPu and 8-oxo-Pu lesions quantification in various types of biological specimens associated with the cellular repair efficiency as well as with distinct pathologies are presented, providing some insights on their biological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
- ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna, Italy.,Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Carla Ferreri
- ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marios G Krokidis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Annalisa Masi
- ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna, Italy.,Istituto di Cristallografia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Michael A Terzidis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Greece
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12
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Mansiroglu AK, Erer M, Coşgun M, Sincer I, Güneş Y. Is ionizing radiation a risk factor for anxiety in employees? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 66:1685-1689. [PMID: 33331577 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.66.12.1685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Workers describe many physical and mental symptoms when working in radiation areas. This study aimed to assess these symptoms in radiation workers using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). METHODS A total of 42 radiation workers (22 males and 20 females, mean age 34±7 years) and 47 control subjects (22 males and 27 females, mean age 31± 8 years) who work in non-radiation areas in the hospital were included in the study. All participants anonymously filled out the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) questionnaire. RESULTS The demographic data of workers were not significantly different between groups. In the BAI, the dizzy or lightheaded (p =0.01), terrified (p= 0.01), unsteady (p=0.02), heart-pounding and racing (p=0.02) items were significantly higher in the radiation-exposed group compared to the control group. |The BAI score was also significantly higher in the radiation-exposed group (11.1±6.8 vs. 8.7±3.8, p =0.04). CONCLUSION These results suggest the possibility that radiation may play a role in the psychometric properties of workers. The effects of radiation on the health of employees need to be further investigated and understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslı Kurtar Mansiroglu
- Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Murat Erer
- Kırıkkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Coşgun
- Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Isa Sincer
- Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Yılmaz Güneş
- Abant Izzet Baysal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Bolu, Turkey
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13
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Radiation-induced bystander and abscopal effects: important lessons from preclinical models. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:339-348. [PMID: 32581341 PMCID: PMC7403362 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0942-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a pivotal component in the curative treatment of patients with localised cancer and isolated metastasis, as well as being used as a palliative strategy for patients with disseminated disease. The clinical efficacy of radiotherapy has traditionally been attributed to the local effects of ionising radiation, which induces cell death by directly and indirectly inducing DNA damage, but substantial work has uncovered an unexpected and dual relationship between tumour irradiation and the host immune system. In clinical practice, it is, therefore, tempting to tailor immunotherapies with radiotherapy in order to synergise innate and adaptive immunity against cancer cells, as well as to bypass immune tolerance and exhaustion, with the aim of facilitating tumour regression. However, our understanding of how radiation impacts on immune system activation is still in its early stages, and concerns and challenges regarding therapeutic applications still need to be overcome. With the increasing use of immunotherapy and its common combination with ionising radiation, this review briefly delineates current knowledge about the non-targeted effects of radiotherapy, and aims to provide insights, at the preclinical level, into the mechanisms that are involved with the potential to yield clinically relevant combinatorial approaches of radiotherapy and immunotherapy.
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14
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Taverna Porro ML, Saint-Pierre C, Gasparutto D, Ravanat JL. Solid-phase synthesis of branched oligonucleotides containing a biologically relevant dCyd341 interstrand crosslink DNA lesion. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:1892-1899. [PMID: 31960874 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01021a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Branched oligonucleotides containing a biologically relevant DNA lesion, dCyd341, which involves an interstrand crosslink between a cytosine base on one strand and a ribose moiety on the opposite strand, were prepared in a single automated solid-phase synthesis. For this, we first prepared the phosphoramidite analogue of dCyd341 bearing an orthogonal levulinyl protecting group. Then, following the synthesis of the first DNA strand containing dCyd341, the levulinic group was removed and the synthesis was then continued from the free base hydroxyl group at the branching point, using traditional phosphoramidites. The synthesized oligonucleotides were fully characterized by MALDI-TOF/MS and were enzymatically digested, and the presence of the lesion was confirmed by HPLC-MS/MS and the sequence was finally controlled upon exonuclease digestion followed by MALDI-TOF/MS analysis. The developed strategy was successfully employed for the preparation of several short linear and branched oligonucleotides containing the aforementioned lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Didier Gasparutto
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS IRIG/SyMMES, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
| | - Jean-Luc Ravanat
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS IRIG/SyMMES, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
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15
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Helm JS, Rudel RA. Adverse outcome pathways for ionizing radiation and breast cancer involve direct and indirect DNA damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, genomic instability, and interaction with hormonal regulation of the breast. Arch Toxicol 2020. [PMID: 32399610 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02752-z)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge about established breast carcinogens can support improved and modernized toxicological testing methods by identifying key mechanistic events. Ionizing radiation (IR) increases the risk of breast cancer, especially for women and for exposure at younger ages, and evidence overall supports a linear dose-response relationship. We used the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework to outline and evaluate the evidence linking ionizing radiation with breast cancer from molecular initiating events to the adverse outcome through intermediate key events, creating a qualitative AOP. We identified key events based on review articles, searched PubMed for recent literature on key events and IR, and identified additional papers using references. We manually curated publications and evaluated data quality. Ionizing radiation directly and indirectly causes DNA damage and increases production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). RONS lead to DNA damage and epigenetic changes leading to mutations and genomic instability (GI). Proliferation amplifies the effects of DNA damage and mutations leading to the AO of breast cancer. Separately, RONS and DNA damage also increase inflammation. Inflammation contributes to direct and indirect effects (effects in cells not directly reached by IR) via positive feedback to RONS and DNA damage, and separately increases proliferation and breast cancer through pro-carcinogenic effects on cells and tissue. For example, gene expression changes alter inflammatory mediators, resulting in improved survival and growth of cancer cells and a more hospitable tissue environment. All of these events overlap at multiple points with events characteristic of "background" induction of breast carcinogenesis, including hormone-responsive proliferation, oxidative activity, and DNA damage. These overlaps make the breast particularly susceptible to ionizing radiation and reinforce that these biological activities are important characteristics of carcinogens. Agents that increase these biological processes should be considered potential breast carcinogens, and predictive methods are needed to identify chemicals that increase these processes. Techniques are available to measure RONS, DNA damage and mutation, cell proliferation, and some inflammatory proteins or processes. Improved assays are needed to measure GI and chronic inflammation, as well as the interaction with hormonally driven development and proliferation. Several methods measure diverse epigenetic changes, but it is not clear which changes are relevant to breast cancer. In addition, most toxicological assays are not conducted in mammary tissue, and so it is a priority to evaluate if results from other tissues are generalizable to breast, or to conduct assays in breast tissue. Developing and applying these assays to identify exposures of concern will facilitate efforts to reduce subsequent breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S Helm
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Suite 302, Newton, MA, 02460, USA
| | - Ruthann A Rudel
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Suite 302, Newton, MA, 02460, USA.
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16
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Helm JS, Rudel RA. Adverse outcome pathways for ionizing radiation and breast cancer involve direct and indirect DNA damage, oxidative stress, inflammation, genomic instability, and interaction with hormonal regulation of the breast. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:1511-1549. [PMID: 32399610 PMCID: PMC7261741 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02752-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge about established breast carcinogens can support improved and modernized toxicological testing methods by identifying key mechanistic events. Ionizing radiation (IR) increases the risk of breast cancer, especially for women and for exposure at younger ages, and evidence overall supports a linear dose-response relationship. We used the Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework to outline and evaluate the evidence linking ionizing radiation with breast cancer from molecular initiating events to the adverse outcome through intermediate key events, creating a qualitative AOP. We identified key events based on review articles, searched PubMed for recent literature on key events and IR, and identified additional papers using references. We manually curated publications and evaluated data quality. Ionizing radiation directly and indirectly causes DNA damage and increases production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). RONS lead to DNA damage and epigenetic changes leading to mutations and genomic instability (GI). Proliferation amplifies the effects of DNA damage and mutations leading to the AO of breast cancer. Separately, RONS and DNA damage also increase inflammation. Inflammation contributes to direct and indirect effects (effects in cells not directly reached by IR) via positive feedback to RONS and DNA damage, and separately increases proliferation and breast cancer through pro-carcinogenic effects on cells and tissue. For example, gene expression changes alter inflammatory mediators, resulting in improved survival and growth of cancer cells and a more hospitable tissue environment. All of these events overlap at multiple points with events characteristic of "background" induction of breast carcinogenesis, including hormone-responsive proliferation, oxidative activity, and DNA damage. These overlaps make the breast particularly susceptible to ionizing radiation and reinforce that these biological activities are important characteristics of carcinogens. Agents that increase these biological processes should be considered potential breast carcinogens, and predictive methods are needed to identify chemicals that increase these processes. Techniques are available to measure RONS, DNA damage and mutation, cell proliferation, and some inflammatory proteins or processes. Improved assays are needed to measure GI and chronic inflammation, as well as the interaction with hormonally driven development and proliferation. Several methods measure diverse epigenetic changes, but it is not clear which changes are relevant to breast cancer. In addition, most toxicological assays are not conducted in mammary tissue, and so it is a priority to evaluate if results from other tissues are generalizable to breast, or to conduct assays in breast tissue. Developing and applying these assays to identify exposures of concern will facilitate efforts to reduce subsequent breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S Helm
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Suite 302, Newton, MA, 02460, USA
| | - Ruthann A Rudel
- Silent Spring Institute, 320 Nevada Street, Suite 302, Newton, MA, 02460, USA.
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17
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Rosario DKA, Rodrigues BL, Bernardes PC, Conte-Junior CA. Principles and applications of non-thermal technologies and alternative chemical compounds in meat and fish. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:1163-1183. [PMID: 32319303 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1754755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Conventional methods of food preservation have demonstrated several disadvantages and limitations in the efficiency of the microbial load reduction and maintain food quality. Hence, non-thermal preservation technologies (NTPT) and alternative chemical compounds (ACC) have been considered a high promissory replacer to decontamination, increasing the shelf life and promoting low levels of physicochemical, nutritional and sensorial alterations of meat and fish products. The combination of these methods can be a potential alternative to the food industry. This review deals with the most critical aspects of the mechanisms of action under microbial, physicochemical, nutritional and sensorial parameters and the efficiency of the different NTPT (ultrasound, high pressure processing, gamma irradiation and UV-C radiation) and ACC (peracetic acid, bacteriocins, nanoparticles and essential oils) applied in meat and fish products. The NTPT and ACC present a high capacity of microorganisms inactivation, ensuring low alterations level in the matrix and high reduction of environmental impact. However, the application conditions of the different methods as exposition time, energy intensity and concentration thresholds of chemical compounds need to be specifically established and continuously improved for each matrix type to reduce to the maximum the physicochemical, nutritional and sensorial changes. In addition, the combination of the methods (hurdle concept) may be an alternative to enhance the matrix decontamination. In this way, undesirable changes in meat and fish products can be further reduced without a decrease in the efficiency of the decontamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denes K A Rosario
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Avenida Horácio Macedo, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Food Science Program, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Bruna L Rodrigues
- Food Science Program, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia C Bernardes
- Department of Food Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Conte-Junior
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Avenida Horácio Macedo, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Food Science Program, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,National Institute of Health Quality Control, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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18
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Chatgilialoglu C, Eriksson LA, Krokidis MG, Masi A, Wang S, Zhang R. Oxygen Dependent Purine Lesions in Double-Stranded Oligodeoxynucleotides: Kinetic and Computational Studies Highlight the Mechanism for 5',8-Cyclopurine Formation. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:5825-5833. [PMID: 32129616 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of HO• radical with DNA is intensively studied both mechanistically and analytically for lesions formation. Several aspects related to the reaction paths of purine moieties with the formation of 5',8-cyclopurines (cPu), 8-oxopurines (8-oxo-Pu), and their relationship are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the reaction of HO• radical with a 21-mer double-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide (ds-ODNs) in γ-irradiated aqueous solutions under various oxygen concentrations and accurately quantified the six purine lesions (i.e., four cPu and two 8-oxo-Pu) by LC-MS/MS analysis using isotopomeric internal standards. In the absence of oxygen, 8-oxo-Pu lesions are only ∼4 times more than cPu lesions. By increasing oxygen concentration, the 8-oxo-Pu and the cPu gradually increase and decrease, respectively, reaching a gap of ∼130 times at 2.01 × 10-4 M of O2. Kinetic treatment of the data allows to estimate the C5' radical competition between cyclization and oxygen trapping in ds-ODNs, and lastly the rate constants of the four cyclization steps. Tailored computational studies by means of dispersion-corrected DFT calculations were performed on the CGC and TAT in their double-strand models for each cPu diastereoisomer along with the complete reaction pathways of the cyclization steps. Our findings reveal unheralded reaction mechanisms that resolve the long-standing issues with C5' radical cyclization in purine moieties of DNA sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy.,Center for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Leif A Eriksson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Marios G Krokidis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, N.C.S.R. "Demokritos", Agia Paraskevi Attikis 15310, Athens, Greece
| | - Annalisa Masi
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Shudong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Rubo Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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19
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Lesluyes T, Baud J, Pérot G, Charon-Barra C, You A, Valo I, Bazille C, Mishellany F, Leroux A, Renard-Oldrini S, Terrier P, Le Cesne A, Laé M, Piperno-Neumann S, Bonvalot S, Neuville A, Collin F, Maingon P, Coindre JM, Chibon F. Genomic and transcriptomic comparison of post-radiation versus sporadic sarcomas. Mod Pathol 2019; 32:1786-1794. [PMID: 31243333 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-019-0300-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Post-radiation sarcomas are rare secondary cancers arising from radiation therapies. To date, few genetic specificities have been described for such malignancies and the oncogenesis of sarcomas with complex genetics (both sporadic and post-radiation) remains largely misunderstood. We performed genomic and transcriptomic analyses on 77 post-radiation sarcomas using DNA-array and RNA sequencing. Consequently, we were able to investigate changes in copy number variations, transcriptome profiling, fusion gene expression, and mutational landscapes. We compare these data to a reference cohort of 93 sporadic sarcomas. At genomic level, similar chromosomal complexity was observed both in post-radiation and sporadic sarcomas with complex genetics. We found more frequent CDKN2A and CDKN2B (coding for p14/p16 and p15 proteins, respectively; at 9p21.3) losses in post-radiation (71%) than in sporadic tumors (39%; P = 6.92e-3). Among all detected fusion genes and punctual variations, few specificities were observed between these groups and such alterations are not able to drive a strong and specific oncogenesis. Recurrent MYC amplifications (96%) and KDR variants (8%) were detected in post-radiation angiosarcomas, in agreement with the literature. Transcriptomic analysis of such angiosarcomas revealed two distinct groups harboring different genomic imbalances (in particular gains of 17q24.2-17qter) with different clinical courses according to patient's vital status. Differential gene expression analysis permitted to focus on the immune response as a potential actor to tumor aggressiveness. Histochemistry validated a lower inflammation and lower immune infiltrate at tumor periphery for highly aggressive angiosarcomas. Our results provide new genomic and transcriptomic information about post-radiation sarcomas. The techniques we used (RNA-seq and DNA-arrays) did not highlight major differences in sarcomas with complex genetics depending on the radiation context, revealing similar patterns of transcriptomic profiles and chromosomal copy number variations. Additional characterizations, particularly whole genome sequencing, could measure changes in DNA following radiation therapy in such malignancies and may precise their oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Lesluyes
- Inserm U1218, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France.,University of Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm UMR1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Jessica Baud
- Inserm U1218, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France.,University of Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gaëlle Pérot
- Inserm U1218, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France.,Department of Pathology, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Axel You
- Inserm U1218, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France.,University of Nantes, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Isabelle Valo
- Department of Pathology, Institut de cancérologie de l'Ouest site Paul Papin, Angers, France
| | - Céline Bazille
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Caen, France
| | | | - Agnès Leroux
- Department of Pathology, Centre Alexis Vautrin, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Sophie Renard-Oldrini
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Centre Alexis Vautrin, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Philippe Terrier
- Department of Pathology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Axel Le Cesne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marick Laé
- Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Inserm U1245, UniRouen Normandy University, Rouen, France
| | | | | | - Agnès Neuville
- Department of Pathology, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France.,Contades Office of Pathological Anatomy and Cytology, Strasbourg, France
| | - Françoise Collin
- Department of Pathology, Centre Georges-François Leclerc, Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Maingon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hôpital La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Coindre
- University of Bordeaux, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.,Department of Pathology, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - Frédéric Chibon
- Inserm UMR1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France. .,Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France.
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20
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Chen G, Feng Y, Sun Z, Gao Y, Wu C, Zhang H, Cao J, Chen Z, Cao J, Zhu Y, Zhang S. mRNA and lncRNA Expression Profiling of Radiation-Induced Gastric Injury Reveals Potential Radiation-Responsive Transcription Factors. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325819886766. [PMID: 31762715 PMCID: PMC6851613 DOI: 10.1177/1559325819886766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced gastric injury is a serious concern that may limit the duration
and the delivered dose of radiation. However, the genome-wide molecular changes
in stomach upon ionizing radiation have not been reported. In this study, mouse
stomach was irradiated with 6 or 12 Gy X-ray irradiation and we found that
radiation resulted in the atrophy of gastric mucosa and abnormal morphology of
chief and parietal cells. Radiation-induced gastric injury was accompanied by an
increase in the serum levels of pepsinogen A and pepsinogen C but not
gastrin-17. The expression profiles of messenger RNA (mRNA) and long noncoding
RNA (lncRNA) in normal and irradiated gastric tissues were measured by
microarray analysis. Results revealed 17 upregulated and 10 downregulated mRNAs
were consistent in 6 and 12 Gy irradiated gastric tissues, including D
site-binding protein (Dbp) and fibrinogen-like protein 1
(Fgl1). Thirteen upregulated and 96 downregulated lncRNAs
were commonly changed in 6 and 12 Gy irradiated gastric tissues. The
dysregulated mRNAs were implicated in multiple pathways and showed coexpression
with lncRNAs. To identify motifs for transcription factors and coactivators in
the proximal promoter regions of the dysregulated RNAs, the bioinformatic tool
Biopython was used. A variety of common motifs that are associated with
transcription factors were identified, including ZNF263, LMX1B, and Dlx1. Our
findings illustrate the molecular changes during radiation-induced gastric
injury and the potential transcription factors driving this alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yang Feng
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,State Key Lab of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Sun
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,State Key Lab of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiying Gao
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,State Key Lab of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chuannan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Haihan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jinming Cao
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,State Key Lab of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jianping Cao
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Medical School of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,State Key Lab of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaqun Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- State Key Lab of Radiation Medicine and Radioprotection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College (China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital), Chengdu, China
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21
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Botwe BO, Schirone A, Delbono I, Barsanti M, Delfanti R, Kelderman P, Nyarko E, Lens PN. Radioactivity concentrations and their radiological significance in sediments of the Tema Harbour (Greater Accra, Ghana). JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin O. Botwe
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, PO Box 3015, Delft, 2601 DA, The Netherlands
- Department of Marine and Fisheries Sciences, University of Ghana, PO Box LG 99, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Antonio Schirone
- ENEA, Marine Environment Research Centre, PO Box 224, La Spezia, I-19100, Italy
| | - Ivana Delbono
- ENEA, Marine Environment Research Centre, PO Box 224, La Spezia, I-19100, Italy
| | - Mattia Barsanti
- ENEA, Marine Environment Research Centre, PO Box 224, La Spezia, I-19100, Italy
| | - Roberta Delfanti
- ENEA, Marine Environment Research Centre, PO Box 224, La Spezia, I-19100, Italy
| | - Peter Kelderman
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, PO Box 3015, Delft, 2601 DA, The Netherlands
| | - Elvis Nyarko
- Department of Marine and Fisheries Sciences, University of Ghana, PO Box LG 99, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Piet N.L. Lens
- UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, PO Box 3015, Delft, 2601 DA, The Netherlands
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22
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Fujita S, Masago K, Yatabe Y. Biopsy of palliative lesions following radiotherapy. BJR Open 2019; 1:20180025. [PMID: 33178919 PMCID: PMC7592476 DOI: 10.1259/bjro.20180025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Definite radiotherapy and/or chemoradiotherapy is often conducted for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. However, there is a potential concern regarding the mutagenic effects on tumor cells derived from the therapies, and genomic information regarding cancer cells that survived definitive radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy is lacking. To evaluate the mutagenic effect of radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy, we compared genomic signatures of recurrent non-small cell lung cancer tissue with those of pre-treatment. METHODS We evaluated seven specimens from three patients who developed disease recurrence after definite radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy, and we ranked the mutations according to the Combined Annotation-Dependent Depletion score. RESULTS Some mutations remained in the post-therapy state, and others, including driver mutations, either newly occurred or disappeared during the course of disease. Of the four specimens obtained in the post-radiation period, 21 variants were detected. Compared with single nucleotide substitution (5, 23.8%), substantial number of deletions (16, 76.2%) was observed in specimens obtained after definite radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy. CONCLUSION Radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy effects on tumor cells have a wide spectrum, and resequencing of a recurrent lesion is always recommended to discuss the best course of therapy for recurrent non-small cell lung cancer after definitive radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE With regard to cancer cells that survived definitive radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy, some mutations remained in the post-therapy state, and others, including driver mutations, either newly occurred or disappeared during the course of disease. Compared with single nucleotide substitution, substantial number of deletions was observed in specimens obtained after definite radiotherapy/chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yasushi Yatabe
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
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Pouget JP, Georgakilas AG, Ravanat JL. Targeted and Off-Target (Bystander and Abscopal) Effects of Radiation Therapy: Redox Mechanisms and Risk/Benefit Analysis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:1447-1487. [PMID: 29350049 PMCID: PMC6199630 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Radiation therapy (from external beams to unsealed and sealed radionuclide sources) takes advantage of the detrimental effects of the clustered production of radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Research has mainly focused on the interaction of radiation with water, which is the major constituent of living beings, and with nuclear DNA, which contains the genetic information. This led to the so-called target theory according to which cells have to be hit by ionizing particles to elicit an important biological response, including cell death. In cancer therapy, the Poisson law and linear quadratic mathematical models have been used to describe the probability of hits per cell as a function of the radiation dose. Recent Advances: However, in the last 20 years, many studies have shown that radiation generates "danger" signals that propagate from irradiated to nonirradiated cells, leading to bystander and other off-target effects. CRITICAL ISSUES Like for targeted effects, redox mechanisms play a key role also in off-target effects through transmission of ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and also of cytokines, ATP, and extracellular DNA. Particularly, nuclear factor kappa B is essential for triggering self-sustained production of ROS and RNS, thus making the bystander response similar to inflammation. In some therapeutic cases, this phenomenon is associated with recruitment of immune cells that are involved in distant irradiation effects (called "away-from-target" i.e., abscopal effects). FUTURE DIRECTIONS Determining the contribution of targeted and off-target effects in the clinic is still challenging. This has important consequences not only in radiotherapy but also possibly in diagnostic procedures and in radiation protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pierre Pouget
- 1 Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM) , INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- 2 DNA Damage Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens , Athens, Greece
| | - Jean-Luc Ravanat
- 3 Univ. Grenoble Alpes , CEA, CNRS INAC SyMMES UMR 5819, Grenoble, France
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Candéias SM, Kabacik S, Olsen AK, Eide DM, Brede DA, Bouffler S, Badie C. Ionizing radiation does not impair the mechanisms controlling genetic stability during T cell receptor gene rearrangement in mice. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 94:357-365. [PMID: 29431562 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1439195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine whether low dose/low dose rate radiation-induced genetic instability may result from radiation-induced inactivation of mechanisms induced by the ATM-dependent DNA damage response checkpoint. To this end, we analysed the faithfulness of T cell receptor (TR) gene rearrangement by V(D)J recombination in DNA from mice exposed to a single dose of X-ray or chronically exposed to low dose rate γ radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genomic DNA obtained from the blood or the thymus of wild type or Ogg1-deficient mice exposed to low (0.1) or intermediate/high (0.2-1 Gy) doses of radiation either by acute X-rays exposure or protracted exposure to low dose-rate γ-radiation was used to analyse by PCR the presence of illegitimate TR gene rearrangements. RESULTS Radiation exposure does not increase the onset of TR gene trans-rearrangements in irradiated mice. In mice where it happens, trans-rearrangements remain sporadic events in developing T lymphocytes. CONCLUSION We concluded that low dose/low dose rate ionizing radiation (IR) exposure does not lead to widespread inactivation of ATM-dependent mechanisms, and therefore that the mechanisms enforcing genetic stability are not impaired by IR in developing lymphocytes and lymphocyte progenitors, including BM-derived hematopoietic stem cells, in low dose/low dose rate exposed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge M Candéias
- a CEA, CNRS, BIG-LCBM, University of Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France
| | - Sylwia Kabacik
- b Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Oxfordshire , UK
| | - Ann-Karin Olsen
- c Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE) , Ås , Norway.,d Department of Molecular Biology , Norwegian Institute of Public Health , Oslo , Norway
| | - Dag M Eide
- c Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE) , Ås , Norway.,e Department of Toxicology and Risk , Norwegian Institute of Public Health , Oslo , Norway
| | - Dag A Brede
- c Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD CoE) , Ås , Norway.,f Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) , Ås , Norway
| | - Simon Bouffler
- b Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Oxfordshire , UK
| | - Christophe Badie
- b Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards , Public Health England , Oxfordshire , UK
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Chaiswing L, Weiss HL, Jayswal RD, St. Clair DK, Kyprianou N. Profiles of Radioresistance Mechanisms in Prostate Cancer. Crit Rev Oncog 2018; 23:39-67. [PMID: 29953367 PMCID: PMC6231577 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2018025946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) is commonly used for the treatment of localized prostate cancer (PCa). However, cancer cells often develop resistance to radiation through unknown mechanisms and pose an intractable challenge. Radiation resistance is highly unpredictable, rendering the treatment less effective in many patients and frequently causing metastasis and cancer recurrence. Understanding the molecular events that cause radioresistance in PCa will enable us to develop adjuvant treatments for enhancing the efficacy of RT. Radioresistant PCa depends on the elevated DNA repair system and the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to proliferate, self-renew, and scavenge anti-cancer regimens, whereas the elevated heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) enable radioresistant PCa cells to metastasize after exposure to radiation. The up-regulation of the DNA repairing system, ROS, HSP90, and EMT effectors has been studied extensively, but not targeted by adjuvant therapy of radioresistant PCa. Here, we emphasize the effects of ionizing radiation and the mechanisms driving the emergence of radioresistant PCa. We also address the markers of radioresistance, the gene signatures for the predictive response to radiotherapy, and novel therapeutic platforms for targeting radioresistant PCa. This review provides significant insights into enhancing the current knowledge and the understanding toward optimization of these markers for the treatment of radioresistant PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heidi L. Weiss
- The Markey Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource Facility
| | - Rani D. Jayswal
- The Markey Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Shared Resource Facility
| | | | - Natasha Kyprianou
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology
- Department of Urology
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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26
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Vallard A, Rancoule C, Guy JB, Espenel S, Sauvaigo S, Rodriguez-Lafrasse C, Magné N. [Biomarkers of radiation-induced DNA repair processes]. Bull Cancer 2017; 104:981-987. [PMID: 29132682 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The identification of DNA repair biomarkers is of paramount importance. Indeed, it is the first step in the process of modulating radiosensitivity and radioresistance. Unlike tools of detection and measurement of DNA damage, DNA repair biomarkers highlight the variations of DNA damage responses, depending on the dose and the dose rate. The aim of the present review is to describe the main biomarkers of radiation-induced DNA repair. We will focus on double strand breaks (DSB), because of their major role in radiation-induced cell death. The most important DNA repair biomarkers are DNA damage signaling proteins, with ATM, DNA-PKcs, 53BP1 and γ-H2AX. They can be analyzed either using immunostaining, or using lived cell imaging. However, to date, these techniques are still time and money consuming. The development of "omics" technologies should lead the way to new (and usable in daily routine) DNA repair biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Vallard
- Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, , 108, bis avenue Albert-Raimond, BP60008, 42271 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez cedex, France; Institut de physique nucléaire de Lyon, IPNL, CNRS-UMR-5822, laboratoire de radiobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Chloé Rancoule
- Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, , 108, bis avenue Albert-Raimond, BP60008, 42271 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez cedex, France; Institut de physique nucléaire de Lyon, IPNL, CNRS-UMR-5822, laboratoire de radiobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Guy
- Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, , 108, bis avenue Albert-Raimond, BP60008, 42271 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez cedex, France; Institut de physique nucléaire de Lyon, IPNL, CNRS-UMR-5822, laboratoire de radiobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sophie Espenel
- Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, , 108, bis avenue Albert-Raimond, BP60008, 42271 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez cedex, France; Institut de physique nucléaire de Lyon, IPNL, CNRS-UMR-5822, laboratoire de radiobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Claire Rodriguez-Lafrasse
- Institut de physique nucléaire de Lyon, IPNL, CNRS-UMR-5822, laboratoire de radiobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nicolas Magné
- Institut de cancérologie Lucien-Neuwirth, département de radiothérapie, , 108, bis avenue Albert-Raimond, BP60008, 42271 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez cedex, France; Institut de physique nucléaire de Lyon, IPNL, CNRS-UMR-5822, laboratoire de radiobiologie cellulaire et moléculaire, 69622 Villeurbanne, France.
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Habash M, Bohorquez LC, Kyriakou E, Kron T, Martin OA, Blyth BJ. Clinical and Functional Assays of Radiosensitivity and Radiation-Induced Second Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9110147. [PMID: 29077012 PMCID: PMC5704165 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9110147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Whilst the near instantaneous physical interaction of radiation energy with living cells leaves little opportunity for inter-individual variation in the initial yield of DNA damage, all the downstream processes in how damage is recognized, repaired or resolved and therefore the ultimate fate of cells can vary across the population. In the clinic, this variability is observed most readily as rare extreme sensitivity to radiotherapy with acute and late tissue toxic reactions. Though some radiosensitivity can be anticipated in individuals with known genetic predispositions manifest through recognizable phenotypes and clinical presentations, others exhibit unexpected radiosensitivity which nevertheless has an underlying genetic cause. Currently, functional assays for cellular radiosensitivity represent a strategy to identify patients with potential radiosensitivity before radiotherapy begins, without needing to discover or evaluate the impact of the precise genetic determinants. Yet, some of the genes responsible for extreme radiosensitivity would also be expected to confer susceptibility to radiation-induced cancer, which can be considered another late adverse event associated with radiotherapy. Here, the utility of functional assays of radiosensitivity for identifying individuals susceptible to radiotherapy-induced second cancer is discussed, considering both the common mechanisms and important differences between stochastic radiation carcinogenesis and the range of deterministic acute and late toxic effects of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Habash
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3000, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry & Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Luis C Bohorquez
- Physical Sciences, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3000, Australia.
| | - Elizabeth Kyriakou
- Physical Sciences, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3000, Australia.
| | - Tomas Kron
- Physical Sciences, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3000, Australia.
| | - Olga A Martin
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3000, Australia.
- Radiation Oncology and Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3000, Australia.
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Benjamin J Blyth
- Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3000, Australia.
- Radiation Oncology and Cancer Imaging, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC 3000, Australia.
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Hall J, Jeggo PA, West C, Gomolka M, Quintens R, Badie C, Laurent O, Aerts A, Anastasov N, Azimzadeh O, Azizova T, Baatout S, Baselet B, Benotmane MA, Blanchardon E, Guéguen Y, Haghdoost S, Harms-Ringhdahl M, Hess J, Kreuzer M, Laurier D, Macaeva E, Manning G, Pernot E, Ravanat JL, Sabatier L, Tack K, Tapio S, Zitzelsberger H, Cardis E. Ionizing radiation biomarkers in epidemiological studies - An update. MUTATION RESEARCH. REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2017; 771:59-84. [PMID: 28342453 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent epidemiology studies highlighted the detrimental health effects of exposure to low dose and low dose rate ionizing radiation (IR): nuclear industry workers studies have shown increased leukaemia and solid tumour risks following cumulative doses of <100mSv and dose rates of <10mGy per year; paediatric patients studies have reported increased leukaemia and brain tumours risks after doses of 30-60mGy from computed tomography scans. Questions arise, however, about the impact of even lower doses and dose rates where classical epidemiological studies have limited power but where subsets within the large cohorts are expected to have an increased risk. Further progress requires integration of biomarkers or bioassays of individual exposure, effects and susceptibility to IR. The European DoReMi (Low Dose Research towards Multidisciplinary Integration) consortium previously reviewed biomarkers for potential use in IR epidemiological studies. Given the increased mechanistic understanding of responses to low dose radiation the current review provides an update covering technical advances and recent studies. A key issue identified is deciding which biomarkers to progress. A roadmap is provided for biomarker development from discovery to implementation and used to summarise the current status of proposed biomarkers for epidemiological studies. Most potential biomarkers remain at the discovery stage and for some there is sufficient evidence that further development is not warranted. One biomarker identified in the final stages of development and as a priority for further research is radiation specific mRNA transcript profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Hall
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1, Lyon, F-69424, France.
| | - Penny A Jeggo
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9RQ, United Kingdom
| | - Catharine West
- Translational Radiobiology Group, Institute of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Christie Hospital, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Gomolka
- Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Department of Radiation Protection and Health, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Roel Quintens
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK·CEN, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Christophe Badie
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Olivier Laurent
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, F-92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - An Aerts
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK·CEN, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Nataša Anastasov
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Institute of Radiation Biology, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Omid Azimzadeh
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Institute of Radiation Biology, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tamara Azizova
- Southern Urals Biophysics Institute, Clinical Department, Ozyorsk, Russia
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK·CEN, B-2400 Mol, Belgium; Cell Systems and Imaging Research Group, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bjorn Baselet
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK·CEN, B-2400 Mol, Belgium; Pole of Pharmacology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mohammed A Benotmane
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK·CEN, B-2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Eric Blanchardon
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, F-92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Yann Guéguen
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, F-92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Siamak Haghdoost
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Harms-Ringhdahl
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julia Hess
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Institute of Radiation Biology, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Kreuzer
- Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Department of Radiation Protection and Health, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dominique Laurier
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, F-92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Ellina Macaeva
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK·CEN, B-2400 Mol, Belgium; Cell Systems and Imaging Research Group, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Grainne Manning
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Eileen Pernot
- INSERM U897, Université de Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux cedex, France
| | - Jean-Luc Ravanat
- Laboratoire des Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SCIB, F-38000 Grenoble, France; Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique, INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Laure Sabatier
- Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique, BP6, F-92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Karine Tack
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, F-92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Soile Tapio
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Institute of Radiation Biology, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Horst Zitzelsberger
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Institute of Radiation Biology, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Cardis
- Barcelona Institute of Global Health (ISGlobal), Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Radiation Programme, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) (MTD formerly), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
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30
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Ferreri C, Golding BT, Jahn U, Ravanat JL. COST Action CM1201 "Biomimetic Radical Chemistry": free radical chemistry successfully meets many disciplines. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:S112-S128. [PMID: 27750460 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2016.1248961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The COST Action CM1201 "Biomimetic Radical Chemistry" has been active since December 2012 for 4 years, developing research topics organized into four working groups: WG1 - Radical Enzymes, WG2 - Models of DNA damage and consequences, WG3 - Membrane stress, signalling and defenses, and WG4 - Bio-inspired synthetic strategies. International collaborations have been established among the participating 80 research groups with brilliant interdisciplinary achievements. Free radical research with a biomimetic approach has been realized in the COST Action and are summarized in this overview by the four WG leaders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ferreri
- a ISOF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, BioFreeRadicals Group , Bologna , Italy
| | - Bernard T Golding
- b School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University , Newcastle-upon-Tyne , UK
| | - Ullrich Jahn
- c Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry , Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Jean-Luc Ravanat
- d INAC-SCIB & CEA, INAC-SyMMES Laboratoire des Lésions des Acides Nucléiques , Université Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France
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31
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Barbier E, Lagorce A, Hachemi A, Dutertre M, Gorlas A, Morand L, Saint-Pierre C, Ravanat JL, Douki T, Armengaud J, Gasparutto D, Confalonieri F, Breton J. Oxidative DNA Damage and Repair in the Radioresistant Archaeon Thermococcus gammatolerans. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:1796-1809. [PMID: 27676238 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus gammatolerans can resist huge doses of γ-irradiation, up to 5.0 kGy, without loss of viability. The potential to withstand such harsh conditions is probably due to complementary passive and active mechanisms, including repair of damaged chromosomes. In this work, we documented the formation and repair of oxidative DNA lesions in T. gammatolerans. The basal level of the oxidized nucleoside, 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dGuo), was established at 9.2 (± 0.9) 8-oxo-dGuo per 106 nucleosides, a higher level than those usually measured in eukaryotic cells or bacteria. A significant increase in oxidative damage, i.e., up to 24.2 (± 8.0) 8-oxo-dGuo/106 nucleosides, was measured for T. gammatolerans exposed to a 5.0 kGy dose of γ-rays. Surprisingly, the yield of radiation-induced modifications was lower than those previously observed for human cells exposed to doses corresponding to a few grays. One hour after irradiation, 8-oxo-dGuo levels were significantly reduced, indicating an efficient repair. Two putative base excision repair (BER) enzymes, TGAM_1277 and TGAM_1653, were demonstrated both by proteomics and transcriptomics to be present in the cells without exposure to ionizing radiation. Their transcripts were moderately upregulated after gamma irradiation. After heterologous production and purification of these enzymes, biochemical assays based on electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight) mass spectrometry indicated that both have a β-elimination cleavage activity. TGAM_1653 repairs 8-oxo-dGuo, whereas TGAM_1277 is also able to remove lesions affecting pyrimidines (1-[2-deoxy-β-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl]-5-hydroxyhydantoin (5-OH-dHyd) and 1-[2-deoxy-β-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl]-5-hydroxy-5-methylhydantoin (5-OH-5-Me-dHyd)). This work showed that in normal growth conditions or in the presence of a strong oxidative stress, T. gammatolerans has the potential to rapidly reduce the extent of DNA oxidation, with at least these two BER enzymes as bodyguards with distinct substrate ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Barbier
- University of Grenoble Alpes, INAC, LCIB , F-38000 Grenoble, France.,CEA, INAC, SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Arnaud Lagorce
- University of Paris-Sud, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Orsay, France.,University of Perpignan, IHPE - UMR 5244 CNRS/IFREMER/Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34095, France
| | - Amine Hachemi
- University of Paris-Sud, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Murielle Dutertre
- University of Paris-Sud, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Aurore Gorlas
- University of Paris-Sud, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Lucie Morand
- University of Grenoble Alpes, INAC, LCIB , F-38000 Grenoble, France.,CEA, INAC, SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Christine Saint-Pierre
- University of Grenoble Alpes, INAC, LCIB , F-38000 Grenoble, France.,CEA, INAC, SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Luc Ravanat
- University of Grenoble Alpes, INAC, LCIB , F-38000 Grenoble, France.,CEA, INAC, SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Thierry Douki
- University of Grenoble Alpes, INAC, LCIB , F-38000 Grenoble, France.,CEA, INAC, SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean Armengaud
- CEA, DSV-Li2D, Laboratory "Innovative Technologies for Detection and Diagnostics", BP 17171, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, F-30207, France
| | - Didier Gasparutto
- University of Grenoble Alpes, INAC, LCIB , F-38000 Grenoble, France.,CEA, INAC, SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Fabrice Confalonieri
- University of Paris-Sud, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Jean Breton
- University of Grenoble Alpes, INAC, LCIB , F-38000 Grenoble, France.,CEA, INAC, SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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Behjati S, Gundem G, Wedge DC, Roberts ND, Tarpey PS, Cooke SL, Van Loo P, Alexandrov LB, Ramakrishna M, Davies H, Nik-Zainal S, Hardy C, Latimer C, Raine KM, Stebbings L, Menzies A, Jones D, Shepherd R, Butler AP, Teague JW, Jorgensen M, Khatri B, Pillay N, Shlien A, Futreal PA, Badie C, McDermott U, Bova GS, Richardson AL, Flanagan AM, Stratton MR, Campbell PJ. Mutational signatures of ionizing radiation in second malignancies. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12605. [PMID: 27615322 PMCID: PMC5027243 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation is a potent carcinogen, inducing cancer through DNA damage. The signatures of mutations arising in human tissues following in vivo exposure to ionizing radiation have not been documented. Here, we searched for signatures of ionizing radiation in 12 radiation-associated second malignancies of different tumour types. Two signatures of somatic mutation characterize ionizing radiation exposure irrespective of tumour type. Compared with 319 radiation-naive tumours, radiation-associated tumours carry a median extra 201 deletions genome-wide, sized 1-100 base pairs often with microhomology at the junction. Unlike deletions of radiation-naive tumours, these show no variation in density across the genome or correlation with sequence context, replication timing or chromatin structure. Furthermore, we observe a significant increase in balanced inversions in radiation-associated tumours. Both small deletions and inversions generate driver mutations. Thus, ionizing radiation generates distinctive mutational signatures that explain its carcinogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Behjati
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Gunes Gundem
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - David C. Wedge
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
- Oxford Big Data Institute and Oxford Centre for Cancer Gene Research, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Nicola D. Roberts
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - Patrick S. Tarpey
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - Susanna L. Cooke
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - Peter Van Loo
- The Francis Crick Institute, London WC2A 3LY, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
| | - Ludmil B. Alexandrov
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - Manasa Ramakrishna
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - Helen Davies
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - Serena Nik-Zainal
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - Claire Hardy
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - Calli Latimer
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - Keiran M. Raine
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - Lucy Stebbings
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - Andy Menzies
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - David Jones
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - Rebecca Shepherd
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - Adam P. Butler
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - Jon W. Teague
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - Mette Jorgensen
- University College London Cancer Institute, Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Bhavisha Khatri
- Histopathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Nischalan Pillay
- University College London Cancer Institute, Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Histopathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Adam Shlien
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X8
| | - P. Andrew Futreal
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
- Department of Genomic Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Christophe Badie
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Radiation Effects Department, Centre for Radiation Chemical and Environmental Hazards, Public Health England, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Ultan McDermott
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - G. Steven Bova
- Institute of Biosciences and Medical Technology, BioMediTech, University of Tampere and Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere FI-33520, Finland
| | - Andrea L. Richardson
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215-5450, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 USA
| | - Adrienne M. Flanagan
- University College London Cancer Institute, Huntley Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Histopathology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex HA7 4LP, UK
| | - Michael R. Stratton
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
| | - Peter J. Campbell
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XY, UK
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Patwardhan RS, Sharma D, Checker R, Thoh M, Sandur SK. Spatio-temporal changes in glutathione and thioredoxin redox couples during ionizing radiation-induced oxidative stress regulate tumor radio-resistance. Free Radic Res 2016; 49:1218-32. [PMID: 26021764 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1056180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR)-induced oxidative stress in tumor cells is effectively managed by constitutive and inducible antioxidant defense systems. This study was initiated to understand the relative contribution of different redox regulatory systems in determining the tumor radio-resistance. In this study, human T-cell lymphoma (Jurkat) cells were exposed to IR (4 Gy) and monitored for the spatio-temporal changes in cellular redox regulatory parameters. We monitored the changes in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (total, mitochondrial, primary, and secondary), thiols (total, surface, and intracellular), GSH/GSSG ratio, antioxidant enzyme activity viz. thioredoxin (Trx), Trx reductase (TrxR), glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase with respect to time. We have also measured protein glutathionylation. We observed that tumor cells mount a biphasic response after IR exposure which can be divided into early (0-6 h) and late (16-48 h) responses in terms of changes in cellular redox parameters. During early response, constitutively active GSH and Trx systems respond to restore cellular redox balance to pre-exposure levels and help in activation of redox-sensitive transcription factor Nrf-2. During late response, increase in the levels of antioxidants GSH and Trx rescue cells against IR-mediated damage. We observed that disruption of either glutathione or thioredoxin metabolism led to partial impairment of ability of cells to survive against IR-induced damage. But simultaneous disruption of both the pathways significantly increased radio sensitivity of Jurkat cells. This highlighted the importance of these two antioxidant pathways in regulating redox homeostasis under conditions of IR-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Patwardhan
- a Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Modular Laboratories, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Trombay, Mumbai , India
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Allison RR. Radiobiological modifiers in clinical radiation oncology: current reality and future potential. Future Oncol 2015; 10:2359-79. [PMID: 25525845 DOI: 10.2217/fon.14.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy can successfully ablate tumors. However, the same ionization process that destroys a cancer can also permanently damage surrounding organs resulting in unwanted clinical morbidity. Therefore, modern radiation therapy attempts to minimize dose to normal tissue to prevent side effects. Still, as tumors and normal tissues intercalate, the risk of normal tissue injury often may prevent tumoricidal doses of radiation therapy to be delivered. This paper will review current outcomes and limitations of radiobiological modifiers that may selectively enhance the radiosensitivity of tumors as well as parallel techniques that may protect normal tissues from radiation injury. Future endeavors based in part upon newly elucidated genetic pathways will be highlighted.
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Nikitaki Z, Hellweg CE, Georgakilas AG, Ravanat JL. Stress-induced DNA damage biomarkers: applications and limitations. Front Chem 2015; 3:35. [PMID: 26082923 PMCID: PMC4451417 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2015.00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of environmental stresses like chemicals, UV and ionizing radiation and organism's endogenous processes such as replication stress and metabolism can lead to the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) that can attack cellular vital components like DNA, proteins and lipid membranes. Among them, much attention has been focused on DNA since DNA damage plays a role in several biological disorders and aging processes. Thus, DNA damage can be used as a biomarker in a reliable and accurate way to quantify for example radiation exposure and can indicate its possible long term effects and cancer risk. Based on the type of DNA lesions detected one can hypothesize on the most probable mechanisms involved in the formation of these lesions for example in the case of UV and ionizing radiation (e.g., X- or α-, γ-rays, energetic ions, neutrons). In this review we describe the most accepted chemical pathways for DNA damage induction and the different types of DNA lesions, i.e., single, complex DNA lesions etc. that can be used as DNA damage biomarkers. We critically compare DNA damage detection methods and their limitations. In addition, we suggest the use of DNA repair gene products as biomarkes for identification of different types of stresses i.e., radiation, oxidative, or replication stress, based on bioinformatic approaches and meta-analysis of literature data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zacharenia Nikitaki
- DNA Damage and Repair Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens Athens, Greece
| | - Christine E Hellweg
- Radiation Biology Department, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine Köln, Germany
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- DNA Damage and Repair Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens Athens, Greece
| | - Jean-Luc Ravanat
- Laboratoire des Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, Institut des Nanosciences et Cryogénie, Service de Chimie Inorgranique et Biologique, Université Grenoble Alpes Grenoble, France ; CEA, Institut des Nanosciences et Cryogénie, Service de Chimie Inorgranique et Biologique Grenoble, France
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Xuelei M, Jingwen H, Wei D, Hongyu Z, Jing Z, Changle S, Lei L. ERCC1 plays an important role in predicting survival outcomes and treatment response for patients with HNSCC: A meta-analysis. Oral Oncol 2015; 51:483-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.02.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Prise
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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