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Hang Y, Yan H, Zhang H, Li Z, Fang W. Associations between dialysate interleukin-6 and Tie-2 and peritoneal solute transport rate and outcomes for patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis: A prospective cohort study. Pak J Med Sci 2021; 37:1104-1110. [PMID: 34290791 PMCID: PMC8281163 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.37.4.4328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives We designed this prospective observational study to clarify the associations between dialysate IL-6, a marker of ongoing peritoneal inflammation, Tie2, an important factor in angiogenesis in the peritoneum, and a high peritoneal solute transport rate (PSTR) in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) and to investigate their outcome predictive roles. Methods A total of 60 stable continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients from a single center in China were analyzed in this prospective study. We measured dialysate levels of IL-6 and Tie-2 using ELISAs. Our primary study endpoint was all-cause mortality with 10 years' follow-up. Results For the evaluation of PSTR, we used the Dialysis/Plasma creatinine (D/Pcr) ratio. We subdivided the patients into two groups for statistical evaluation: low and low average D/Pcr (<0.64; L/A), and high and high average D/Pcr (≥0.65; H/A) transporters. The mean levels of dialysates IL-6 (21.71 ± 8.88 pg/mL) and Tie-2 (1.23 ± 0.43 ng/mL) were significantly higher in the H/A (high and high average, group than those in the L/A group (13.94 ± 5.43 pg/mL, p<0.001 and 0.95 ± 0.43 ng/mL, p=0.019; respectively). Moreover, IL-6 and Tie-2 were positively correlated with D/Pcr (r=0.366, p=0.004 and r=0.402, p=0.001; respectively). Both dialysates IL-6 and Tie-2 were independent determinants of a high peritoneal solute transport rate. After follow-up for 42.65±18.08 months, 30 patients (50.0%) had died. An increased D/Pcr increased the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with CAPD (p=0.018), but the dialysates IL-6 and Tie2 were not independent predictors of all-cause mortality (p>0.05). Conclusion Our results suggest that patients undergoing CAPD have a high peritoneal solute transport status with local peritoneal inflammation and angiogenesis. Increased D/Pcr is a relative risk factor for mortality and technique failure in patients undergoing CAPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hang
- Ying Hang, Department of Emergency, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Hao Yan, Department of Nephrology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - He Zhang
- He Zhang, Department of Nephrology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyuan Li
- Zhenyuan Li, Department of Nephrology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Fang
- Wei Fang, Department of Nephrology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Tong M, Wang Y, Ni J, Weng N, Chen C, Chen H, Bengt L. Clinical features of patients treated by peritoneal dialysis for over a decade. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL UROLOGY 2017; 5:49-54. [PMID: 29181437 PMCID: PMC5698598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is well-established as renal replacement therapy in end stage renal disease and has survival rates similar or better than hemodialysis (HD) for the initial years on dialysis therapy. However retention rate is lower due to higher technique failure rates than in HD and few patients stay on PD for more than 10 years (PD>10 yrs). Here we investigated clinical features characterizing PD>10 yrs patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a single center study of 450 prevalent PD patients, 35 PD>10 yrs patients (n=35) were compared with patients (n=415) who had been on PD for shorter periods of time in terms of clinical characteristics. Peritoneal transport, blood pressure, solute clearance, nutrition status, and blood calcium, phosphate and parathyroid hormone levels were measured dialysis start and, in PD>10 yrs patients, also after 5 and 10 years of PD. RESULTS The PD>10 yrs patients differed from the other PD patients in that (1) the proportion of women was higher; (2) body mass index (BMI) was lower; (3) there was no patient with diabetic nephropathy as primary diagnosis; (4) the incidence of peritonitis was lower; (5) glomerular filtration rate was higher; and (6) parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were lower in those with decade-long PD treatment. In PD>10 yrs patients, serum albumin was maintained at a high level throughout the 10 year follow up; hemoglobin levels after 5 and 10 years of PD were higher than at the beginning of the treatment; blood calcium and phosphate concentrations were maintained at acceptable levels; while the dialysate/plasma ratio of creatinine, D/P-value, increased during the decade-long PD treatment. CONCLUSIONS Patients receiving PD>10 years had lower incidence of peritonitis, lower BMI, adequate control of blood calcium and phosphate levels and solute clearance, and were more often women than PD patients treated for shorter periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Tong
- Renal Division, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhou, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Renal Division, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhou, China
| | - Jun Ni
- Renal Division, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhou, China
| | - Ning Weng
- Renal Division, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhou, China
| | - Chuanxia Chen
- Renal Division, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Renal Division, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineHangzhou, China
| | - Lindholm Bengt
- Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, Technology, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden
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Peritoneal dialysis catheter function and survival are not adversely affected by obesity regardless of the operative technique used. Surg Endosc 2017; 32:1714-1723. [DOI: 10.1007/s00464-017-5852-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Liu J, Zeng X, Hong HG, Li Y, Fu P. The association between body mass index and mortality among Asian peritoneal dialysis patients: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172369. [PMID: 28207885 PMCID: PMC5313204 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have revealed that increased body mass index (BMI) is associated with decreased mortality among hemodialysis patients. However, few studies have dealt with the association between BMI and mortality among patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) and even fewer studies have focused on the Asian PD patients. The reported studies were often non-conclusive and some even yielded contradictory results. This paper, to our best knowledge, registers the first attempt to systematically review the current literature and summarize new results on the association between BMI and mortality among the Asian PD population. METHOD A systematic literature review was performed in Medline and EMBASE to identify relevant cohort studies on all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality stratified by BMI categories tailored to Asians among the Asian PD population. We meta-analyzed individual results based on a random effect model, strictly complying with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis. RESULTS The paper reviews seven cohort studies with a total of 3,610 Asian PD patients. Obese group (BMI = 25-29.9 kg/m2) was associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.46, 95%CI [1.07-1.98]; p = 0.02) and CVD mortality (HR = 2.01, 95%CI [1.14-3.54]; p = 0.02), compared to the normal group (BMI = 18.5-22.9 kg/m2). The underweight group (BMI<18.5kg/m2) was also associated with an elevated risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 2.11, 95%CI [1.46-3.07]; p<0.001). No significant associations between BMI with all-cause mortality were found among the overweight group (23-24.9 kg/m2) (HR = 1.00, 95%CI [0.76-1.32]; p = 0.9). The association between BMI and CVD mortality risk among the underweight and overweight groups was found nonsignificant (p = 0.5 and 0.6 respectively). CONCLUSION Obesity is associated with increased mortality in Asian PD patients. The study indicates a "V-shaped" trend in the association between BMI and mortality in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institution, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zeng
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institution, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hyokyoung G. Hong
- Department of Statistics and Probability, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Ping Fu
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Research Institution, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Phirtskhalaishvili T, Bayer F, Edet S, Bongiovanni I, Hogan J, Couchoud C. Spatial Analysis of Case-Mix and Dialysis Modality Associations. Perit Dial Int 2016; 36:326-33. [PMID: 26475843 PMCID: PMC4881796 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2015.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED ♦ BACKGROUND Health-care systems must attempt to provide appropriate, high-quality, and economically sustainable care that meets the needs and choices of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). France offers 9 different modalities of dialysis, each characterized by dialysis technique, the extent of professional assistance, and the treatment site. The aim of this study was 1) to describe the various dialysis modalities in France and the patient characteristics associated with each of them, and 2) to analyze their regional patterns to identify possible unexpected associations between case-mixes and dialysis modalities. ♦ METHODS The clinical characteristics of the 37,421 adult patients treated by dialysis were described according to their treatment modality. Agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis was used to aggregate the regions into clusters according to their use of these modalities and the characteristics of their patients. ♦ RESULT The gradient of patient characteristics was similar from home hemodialyis (HD) to in-center HD and from non-assisted automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) to assisted continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Analyzing their spatial distribution, we found differences in the patient case-mix on dialysis across regions but also differences in the health-care provided for them. The classification of the regions into 6 different clusters allowed us to detect some unexpected associations between case-mixes and treatment modalities. ♦ CONCLUSIONS The 9 modalities of treatment available make it theoretically possible to adapt treatment to patients' clinical characteristics and abilities. However, although we found an overall appropriate association of dialysis modalities to the case-mix, major inter-region heterogeneity and the low rate of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and home HD suggest that factors besides patients' clinical conditions impact the choice of dialysis modality. The French organization should now be evaluated in terms of patients' quality of life, satisfaction, survival, and global efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Phirtskhalaishvili
- REIN registry, Agence de la biomédecine, France Children's Medical Centre "Mrcheveli," Tbilissi, Georgia
| | | | | | - Isabelle Bongiovanni
- Department of Economic Evaluation and Public Health, Haute Autorité de Santé, France
| | - Julien Hogan
- REIN registry, Agence de la biomédecine, France Nephrology Unit, Robert Debré, University Hospital, Paris, France
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Lee JH, Park SH, Lim JH, Park YJ, Kim SU, Lee KH, Kim KH, Park SC, Jung HY, Kwon O, Choi JY, Cho JH, Kim CD, Kim YL. Impact of dialysis modality on technique survival in end-stage renal disease patients. Korean J Intern Med 2016; 31:106-15. [PMID: 26767864 PMCID: PMC4712414 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2016.31.1.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS This study analyzed the risk factors for technique survival in dialysis patients and compared technique survival rates between hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) in a prospective cohort of Korean patients. METHODS A total of 1,042 patients undergoing dialysis from September 2008 to June 2011 were analyzed. The dialysis modality was defined as that used 90 days after commencing dialysis. Technique survival was compared between the two dialysis modalities, and the predictive risk factors were evaluated. RESULTS The dialysis modality was an independent risk factor predictive of technique survival. PD had a higher risk for technique failure than HD (hazard ratio [HR], 10.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9 to 62.0; p = 0.008) during a median follow-up of 11.0 months. In the PD group, a high body mass index (BMI) was an independent risk factor for technique failure (HR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.0 to 1.8; p = 0.036). Peritonitis was the most common cause of PD technique failure. The difference in technique survival between PD and HD was more prominent in diabetic patients with a good nutritional status and in non-diabetic patients with a poor nutritional status. CONCLUSIONS In a prospective cohort of Korean patients with end-stage renal disease, PD was associated with a higher risk of technique failure than HD. Diabetic patients with a good nutritional status and non-diabetic patients with a poor nutritional status, as well as patients with a higher BMI, had an inferior technique survival rate with PD compared to HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hak Lee
- Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease in Korea, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Park
- Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease in Korea, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Lim
- Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease in Korea, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young-Jae Park
- Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease in Korea, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sang Un Kim
- Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease in Korea, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Lee
- Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease in Korea, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Kim
- Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease in Korea, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seung Chan Park
- Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease in Korea, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hee-Yeon Jung
- Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease in Korea, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Owen Kwon
- Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease in Korea, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Choi
- Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease in Korea, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jang-Hee Cho
- Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease in Korea, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Chan-Duck Kim
- Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease in Korea, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yong-Lim Kim
- Clinical Research Center for End Stage Renal Disease in Korea, Daegu, Korea
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
- Correspondence to Yong-Lim Kim, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 680 Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea Tel: +82-53-420-5553 Fax: +82-53-423-7583 E-mail:
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Xiong L, Cao S, Xu F, Zhou Q, Fan L, Xu Q, Yu X, Mao H. Association of Body Mass Index and Body Mass Index Change with Mortality in Incident Peritoneal Dialysis Patients. Nutrients 2015; 7:8444-55. [PMID: 26473916 PMCID: PMC4632425 DOI: 10.3390/nu7105405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although high body mass index (BMI) appears to confer a survival advantage in hemodialysis patients, the association of BMI with mortality in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients is uncertain. We enrolled incident CAPD patients and BMI was categorized according to World Health Organization classification for Asian population. BMI at baseline and one year after the initiation of peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment was assessed to calculate the BMI change (∆BMI). Patients were split into four categories according quartiles of ∆BMI. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression proportional hazard analysis were performed to assess the association of BMI on outcomes. A total of 1263 CAPD patients were included, with a mean age of 47.8 ± 15.0 years, a mean BMI of 21.58 ± 3.13 kg/m². During a median follow-up of 25.3 months, obesity was associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) death (adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 2.01; 95% CI 1.14, 3.54), but not all-cause mortality. Additionally, patients with more BMI decline (>0.80%) during the first year after CAPD initiation had an elevated risk for both all-cause (AHR: 2.21, 95% CI 1.23-3.95) and CVD mortality (AHR 2.31, 95% CI 1.11, 4.84), which was independent of baseline BMI values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Shirong Cao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Fenghua Xu
- Epidemiology Research Unit and Translational Medicine Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Qian Zhou
- Epidemiology Research Unit and Translational Medicine Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Li Fan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Qingdong Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Xueqing Yu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Haiping Mao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Ministry of Health of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Sancak EB, Reşorlu M, Akbas A, Gulpinar MT, Arslan M, Resorlu B. Do Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity increase the risk of severity of nephrolithiasis? Pak J Med Sci 2015; 31:566-71. [PMID: 26150845 PMCID: PMC4485272 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.313.7086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: In this study we planned to investigate the relationship between presence of kidney stones and stone burden with hypertension (HT), diabetes mellitus (DM) and body mass index (BMI). Methods: A total of 574 patients were included in the study. None of the patients had a history of stones. The 121 patients with kidney stone identified on ultrasound evaluation and the 453 patients with no stones were compared in terms of HT, BMI and DM. The stone burden of 121 patients with diagnosed stones was compared in terms of the same variables. Results: Of the 121 patients with kidney stones 30 (24.7%) had HT, while 66 (14.5%) of the 453 patients without stones had HT (p=0.007). BMI values of those with and without stones were 27.2 ± 4.93 kg/m2 and 25.29 ± 4.12 kg/m2, respectively (p<0.001). Twenty-five (20.6%) of the patients with stones diagnosed by ultrasound had DM, while 49 (10.8%) of those without stones had DM (p=0.004). When comparing patients with and without kidney stones, logistic regression analysis revealed that DM (odds ratio [OR] 2.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17 to 3.63, p=0.013) and BMI (OR 1.08, CI 1.03 to 1.13, p=0.003) were independently associated with presence of stones. No significant relationship was found between the same variables and cumulative stone diameter (CSD) and stone surface area (SA) evaluated for stone burden. Conclusions: While diabetes mellitus, Hypertension and increased Body Mass Index may add to the possibility of stone formation, they did not affect stone burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyup Burak Sancak
- Eyup Burak Sancak, Department of Radiology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Terzioglu Yerleskesi, Barbaros Mh, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Reşorlu
- Mustafa Reşorlu, Department of Radiology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Terzioglu Yerleskesi, Barbaros Mh, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Alpaslan Akbas
- Alpaslan Akbas, Department of Urology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Terzioglu Yerleskesi, Barbaros Mh, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Murat Tolga Gulpinar
- Murat Tolga Gulpinar, Department of Urology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Terzioglu Yerleskesi, Barbaros Mh, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey
| | | | - Berkan Resorlu
- Berkan Resorlu, Department of Urology, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Terzioglu Yerleskesi, Barbaros Mh, 17100, Canakkale, Turkey
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