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Rubinstein J, Pinney SM, Xie C, Wang HS. Association of same-day urinary phenol levels and cardiac electrical alterations: analysis of the Fernald Community Cohort. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4445657. [PMID: 38853936 PMCID: PMC11160919 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4445657/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Background Exposure to phenols has been linked in animal models and human populations to cardiac function alterations and cardiovascular diseases, although their effects on cardiac electrical properties in humans remains to be established. This study aimed to identify changes in electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters associated with environmental phenol exposure in adults of a midwestern large cohort known as the Fernald Community Cohort (FCC). Methods During the day of the first comprehensive medical examination, urine samples were obtained, and electrocardiograms were recorded. Cross-sectional linear regression analyses were performed. Results Bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol F (BPF) were both associated with a longer PR interval, an indication of delayed atrial-to-ventricle conduction, in females (p < 0.05) but not males. BPA combined with BPF was associated with an increase QRS duration, an indication of delayed ventricular activation, in females (P < 0.05) but not males. Higher triclocarban (TCC) level was associated with longer QTc interval, an indication of delayed ventricular repolarization, in males (P < 0.01) but not females. Body mass index (BMI) was associated with a significant increase in PR and QTc intervals and ventricular rate in females and in ventricular rate in males. In females, the combined effect of being in the top tertile for both BPA urinary concentration and BMI was an estimate of a 10% increase in PR interval. No associations were found with the other phenols. Conclusion Higher exposure to some phenols was associated with alterations of cardiac electrical properties in a sex specific manner in the Fernald cohort. Our population-based findings correlate directly with clinically relevant parameters that are associated with known pathophysiologic cardiac conditions in humans.
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Sliwa K, Viljoen CA, Stewart S, Miller MR, Prabhakaran D, Kumar RK, Thienemann F, Piniero D, Prabhakaran P, Narula J, Pinto F. Cardiovascular disease in low- and middle-income countries associated with environmental factors. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:688-697. [PMID: 38175939 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
There is a growing recognition that the profound environmental changes that have occurred over the past century pose threats to human health. Many of these environmental factors, including air pollution, noise pollution, as well as exposure to metals such as arsenic, cadmium, lead, and other metals, are particularly detrimental to the cardiovascular health of people living in low-to-middle income countries (LMICs). Low-to-middle income countries are likely to be disproportionally burdened by cardiovascular diseases provoked by environmental factors. Moreover, they have the least capacity to address the core drivers and consequences of this phenomenon. This review summarizes the impact of environmental factors such as climate change, air pollution, and metal exposure on the cardiovascular system, and how these specifically affect people living in LMICs. It also outlines how behaviour changes and interventions that reduce environmental pollution would have significant effects on the cardiovascular health of those from LMICs, and globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Sliwa
- Cape Heart Institute, Chris Barnard Building, University of Cape Town, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cnr Anzio Road and Falmouth Road, 7925, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Main Road, 7925, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Charle André Viljoen
- Cape Heart Institute, Chris Barnard Building, University of Cape Town, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cnr Anzio Road and Falmouth Road, 7925, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Main Road, 7925, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Simon Stewart
- Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, 32 Mouat St, Fremantle, Western Australia, 6160, Australia
- Eduardo Mondlane University, 3435 Avenida Julius Nyerere, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Mark R Miller
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Queens Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH4 3RL, UK
| | - Dorairaj Prabhakaran
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, C1/52, Safdarjung Development Area, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Raman Krishna Kumar
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Ponekkara PO, Cochin 682041, Kerala, India
| | - Friedrich Thienemann
- Cape Heart Institute, Chris Barnard Building, University of Cape Town, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cnr Anzio Road and Falmouth Road, 7925, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, 100 Rämistrasse, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Piniero
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Arenales 2463, Buenos Aires, C1124AAN, Argentina
| | - Poornima Prabhakaran
- Centre for Chronic Disease Control, C1/52, Safdarjung Development Area, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Jagat Narula
- Department of Cardiology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health, 7000 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fausto Pinto
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
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Han Y, Gao T, Li X, Wāng Y. Didactical approaches and insights into environmental processes and cardiovascular hazards of arsenic contaminants. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141381. [PMID: 38360414 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic, as a metalloid, has the ability to move and transform in different environmental media. Its widespread contamination has become a significant environmental problem and public concern. Arsenic can jeopardize multiple organs through various pathways, influenced by environmental bioprocesses. This article provides a comprehensive overview of current research on the cardiovascular hazards of arsenic. A bibliometric analysis revealed that there are 376 papers published in 145 journals, involving 40 countries, 631 institutions, and 2093 authors, all focused on arsenic-related concerns regarding cardiovascular health. China and the U.S. have emerged as the central hubs of collaborative relationships and have the highest number of publications. Hypertension and atherosclerosis are the most extensively studied topics, with redox imbalance, apoptosis, and methylation being the primary mechanistic clues. Cardiovascular damage caused by arsenic includes arrhythmia, cardiac remodeling, vascular leakage, and abnormal angiogenesis. However, the current understanding is still inadequate over cardiovascular impairments, underlying mechanisms, and precautionary methods of arsenic, thus calling an urgent need for further studies to bridge the gap between environmental processes and arsenic hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yapeng Han
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health & Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tiantian Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health & Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiaozhi Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health & Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yán Wāng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health & Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Zhong X, Zhang G, Huang J, Chen L, Shi Y, Wang D, Zheng Q, Su H, Li X, Wang C, Zhang J, Guo L. Effects of Intestinal Microbiota on the Biological Transformation of Arsenic in Zebrafish: Contribution and Mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:2247-2259. [PMID: 38179619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Both the gut microbiome and their host participate in arsenic (As) biotransformation, while their exact roles and mechanisms in vivo remain unclear and unquantified. In this study, as3mt-/- zebrafish were treated with tetracycline (TET, 100 mg/L) and arsenite (iAsIII) exposure for 30 days and treated with probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG, 1 × 108 cfu/g) and iAsIII exposure for 15 days, respectively. Structural equation modeling analysis revealed that the contribution rates of the intestinal microbiome to the total arsenic (tAs) and inorganic As (iAs) metabolism approached 44.0 and 18.4%, respectively. Compared with wild-type, in as3mt-/- zebrafish, microbial richness and structure were more significantly correlated with tAs and iAs, and more differential microbes and microbial metabolic pathways significantly correlated with arsenic metabolites (P < 0.05). LGG supplement influenced the microbial communities, significantly up-regulated the expressions of genes related to As biotransformation (gss and gst) in the liver, down-regulated the expressions of oxidative stress genes (sod1, sod2, and cat) in the intestine, and increased arsenobetaine concentration (P < 0.05). Therefore, gut microbiome promotes As transformation and relieves As accumulation, playing more active roles under iAs stress when the host lacks key arsenic detoxification enzymes. LGG can promote As biotransformation and relieve oxidative stress under As exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Zhong
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
- Zhanjiang Institute of Clinical Medicine, Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Zhanjiang 524045, PR China
| | - Guiwei Zhang
- Shenzhen Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Jieliang Huang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Linkang Chen
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yingying Shi
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Dongbin Wang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Qiuyi Zheng
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Hongtian Su
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Chunchun Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Zhanjiang Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Lianxian Guo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Public Health Laboratory Science, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
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Kaur G, Desai KP, Chang IY, Newman JD, Mathew RO, Bangalore S, Venditti FJ, Sidhu MS. A Clinical Perspective on Arsenic Exposure and Development of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023; 37:1167-1174. [PMID: 35029799 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-021-07313-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular risk has traditionally been defined by modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, such as tobacco use, hyperlipidemia, and family history. However, chemicals and pollutants may also play a role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Arsenic is a naturally occurring element that is widely distributed in the Earth's crust. Inorganic arsenic (iAs) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, with chronic high-dose exposure to iAs (> 100 µg/L) being linked to CVD; however, whether low-to-moderate dose exposures of iAs (< 100 µg/L) are associated with the development of CVD is unclear. Due to limitations of the existing literature, it is difficult to define a threshold for iAs toxicity. Studies demonstrate that the effect of iAs on CVD is far more complex with influences from several factors, including diet, genetics, metabolism, and traditional risk factors such as hypertension and smoking. In this article, we review the existing data of low-to-moderate dose iAs exposure and its effect on CVD, along with highlighting the potential mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurleen Kaur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karan P Desai
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Jonathan D Newman
- Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roy O Mathew
- Division of Nephrology, Loma Linda VA Health Care System, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Sripal Bangalore
- Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ferdinand J Venditti
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College and Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Mandeep S Sidhu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Albany Medical College and Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA.
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Ma J, Wang NY, Jagani R, Wang HS. Proarrhythmic toxicity of low dose bisphenol A and its analogs in human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes and human cardiac organoids through delay of cardiac repolarization. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 328:138562. [PMID: 37004823 PMCID: PMC10121900 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogs are common environmental chemicals with many potential adverse health effects. The impact of environmentally relevant low dose BPA on human heart, including cardiac electrical properties, is not understood. Perturbation of cardiac electrical properties is a key arrhythmogenic mechanism. In particular, delay of cardiac repolarization can cause ectopic excitation of cardiomyocytes and malignant arrhythmia. This can occur as a result of genetic mutations (i.e., long QT (LQT) syndrome), or cardiotoxicity of drugs and environmental chemicals. To define the impact of low dose BPA on electrical properties of cardiomyocytes in a human-relevant model system, we examined the rapid effects of 1 nM BPA in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) using patch-clamp and confocal fluorescence imaging. Acute exposure to BPA delayed repolarization and prolonged action potential duration (APD) in hiPSC-CMs through inhibition of the hERG K+ channel. In nodal-like hiPSC-CMs, BPA acutely increased pacing rate through stimulation of the If pacemaker channel. Existing arrhythmia susceptibility determines the response of hiPSC-CMs to BPA. BPA resulted in modest APD prolongation but no ectopic excitation in baseline condition, while rapidly promoted aberrant excitations and tachycardia-like events in myocytes that had drug-simulated LQT phenotype. In hiPSC-CM-based human cardiac organoids, the effects of BPA on APD and aberrant excitation were shared by its analog chemicals, which are often used in "BPA-free" products, with bisphenol AF having the largest effects. Our results reveal that BPA and its analogs have repolarization delay-associated pro-arrhythmic toxicity in human cardiomyocytes, particularly in myocytes that are prone to arrhythmias. The toxicity of these chemicals depends on existing pathophysiological conditions of the heart, and may be particularly pronounced in susceptible individuals. An individualized approach is needed in risk assessment and protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Ravikumar Jagani
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hong-Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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7
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Ma J, Niklewski PJ, Wang HS. Acute exposure to low-dose bisphenol A delays cardiac repolarization in female canine heart - Implication for proarrhythmic toxicity in large animals. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 172:113589. [PMID: 36584932 PMCID: PMC9852101 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a common environmental chemical with a range of potential adverse health effects. The impact of environmentally-relevant low dose of BPA on the electrical properties of the hearts of large animals (e.g., dog, human) is poorly defined. Perturbation of cardiac electrical properties is a key arrhythmogenic mechanism. In particular, delay of ventricular repolarization and prolongation of the QT interval of the electrocardiogram is a marker for the risk of malignant arrhythmias. We examined the acute effect of 10-9 M BPA on the electrical properties of female canine ventricular myocytes and tissues. BPA rapidly delayed action potential repolarization and prolonged action potential duration (APD). The dose response curve of BPA on APD was nonmonotonic. BPA rapidly inhibited the IKr K+ current and ICaL Ca2+ current. Computational modeling indicated that the effect of BPA on APD can be accounted for by its suppression of IKr. At the tissue level, BPA acutely prolonged the QT interval in 4 left ventricular wedges. ERβ signaling contributed to the acute effects of BPA on ventricular repolarization. Our results demonstrate that BPA has QT prolongation liability in female canine hearts. These findings have implication for the potential proarrhythmic cardiac toxicity of BPA in large animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Paul J Niklewski
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hong-Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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8
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De Guzman K, Stone G, Yang AR, Schaffer KE, Lo S, Kojok R, Kirkpatrick CR, Del Pozo AG, Le TT, DePledge L, Frost EL, Kayser GL. Drinking water and the implications for gender equity and empowerment: A systematic review of qualitative and quantitative evidence. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 247:114044. [PMID: 36395654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.114044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Safe drinking water is a fundamental human right, yet more than 785 million people do not have access to it. The burden of water management disproportionately falls on women and young girls, and they suffer the health, psychosocial, political, educational, and economic effects. While water conditions and disease outcomes have been widely studied, few studies have summarized the research on drinking water and implications for gender equity and empowerment (GEE). METHODS A systematic review of primary literature published between 1980 and 2019 was conducted on drinking water exposures and management and the implications for GEE. Ten databases were utilized (EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, ProQuest, Campbell, the British Library for Development Studies, SSRN, 3ie International Initiative for Impact Evaluation, and clinicaltrials.gov). Drinking water studies with an all-female cohort or disaggregated findings according to gender were included. RESULTS A total of 1280 studies were included. GEE outcomes were summarized in five areas: health, psychosocial stress, political power and decision-making, social-educational conditions, and economic and time-use conditions. Water quality exposures and implications for women's health dominated the literature reviewed. Women experienced higher rates of bladder cancer when exposed to arsenic, trihalomethanes, and chlorine in drinking water and higher rates of breast cancer due to arsenic, trichloroethylene, and disinfection byproducts in drinking water, compared to men. Women that were exposed to arsenic experienced higher incidence rates of anemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes compared to those that were not exposed. Water-related skin diseases were associated with increased levels of psychosocial stress and social ostracization among women. Women had fewer decision-making responsibilities, economic independence, and employment opportunities around water compared to men. CONCLUSION This systematic review confirms the interconnected nature of gender and WaSH outcomes. With growing attention directed towards gender equity and empowerment within WaSH, this analysis provides key insights to inform future research and policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly De Guzman
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, United States
| | - Gabriela Stone
- Department of Global Health, University of California, San Diego, United States
| | - Audrey R Yang
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, United States
| | - Kristen E Schaffer
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, United States
| | - Shelton Lo
- T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Rola Kojok
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, Public Health Program, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Colette R Kirkpatrick
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ada G Del Pozo
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, United States
| | - Tina T Le
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, United States
| | | | - Elizabeth L Frost
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Georgia L Kayser
- The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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Karachaliou C, Sgourou A, Kakkos S, Kalavrouziotis I. Arsenic exposure promotes the emergence of cardiovascular diseases. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2022; 37:467-486. [PMID: 34253004 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2021-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A large number of studies conducted in the past decade 2010-2020 refer to the impact of arsenic (As) exposure on cardiovascular risk factors. The arsenic effect on humans is complex and mainly depends on the varying individual susceptibilities, its numerous toxic expressions and the variation in arsenic metabolism between individuals. In this review we present relevant data from studies which document the association of arsenic exposure with various biomarkers, the effect of several genome polymorphisms on arsenic methylation and the underling molecular mechanisms influencing the cardiovascular pathology. The corresponding results provide strong evidence that high and moderate-high As intake induce oxidative stress, inflammation and vessel endothelial dysfunction that are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and in particular hypertension, myocardial infarction, carotid intima-media thickness and stroke, ventricular arrhythmias and peripheral arterial disease. In addition, As exposure during pregnancy implies risks for blood pressure abnormalities among infants and increased mortality rates from acute myocardial infarction during early adulthood. Low water As concentrations are associated with increased systolic, diastolic and pulse pressure, coronary heart disease and incident stroke. For very low As concentrations the relevant studies are few. They predict a risk for myocardial infarction, stroke and ischemic stroke and incident CVD, but they are not in agreement regarding the risk magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Karachaliou
- School of Science and Technology, Lab. of Sustainable Waste Technology Management, Hellenic Open University, Patras, Greece
| | - Argyro Sgourou
- School of Science and Technology, Biology Lab, Hellenic Open University, Patras, Greece
| | - Stavros Kakkos
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical School of Patras, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kalavrouziotis
- School of Science and Technology, Lab. of Sustainable Waste Technology Management, Hellenic Open University, Patras, Greece
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10
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Amolegbe SM, Carlin DJ, Henry HF, Heacock ML, Trottier BA, Suk WA. Understanding exposures and latent disease risk within the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Superfund Research Program. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:529-537. [PMID: 35253496 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221079620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the health effects of exposures when there is a lag between exposure and the onset of disease is an important and challenging topic in environmental health research. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Superfund Basic Research and Training Program (SRP) is a National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant program that uses a multidisciplinary approach to support biomedical and environmental science and engineering research. Because of the multidisciplinary nature of the program, SRP grantees are well-positioned to study exposure and latent disease risk across humans, animal models, and various life stages. SRP-funded scientists are working to address the challenge of connecting exposures that occur early in life and prior to conception with diseases that manifest much later, including developing new tools and approaches to predict how chemicals may affect long-term health. Here, we highlight research from the SRP focused on understanding the health effects of exposures with a lag between exposure and the onset of the disease as well as provide future directions for addressing knowledge gaps for this highly complex and challenging topic. Advancing the knowledge of latency to disease will require a multidisciplinary approach to research, the need for data sharing and integration, and new tools and computation approaches to make better predications about the timing of disease onset. A better understanding of exposures that may contribute to later-life diseases is essential to supporting the implementation of prevention and intervention strategies to reduce or modulate exposures to reduce disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Amolegbe
- Superfund Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, NC 27560, USA
| | - Danielle J Carlin
- Superfund Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, NC 27560, USA
| | - Heather F Henry
- Superfund Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, NC 27560, USA
| | - Michelle L Heacock
- Superfund Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, NC 27560, USA
| | - Brittany A Trottier
- Superfund Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, NC 27560, USA
| | - William A Suk
- Superfund Research Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), Research Triangle Park, NC 27560, USA
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11
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Habeeb E, Aldosari S, Saghir SA, Cheema M, Momenah T, Husain K, Omidi Y, Rizvi SA, Akram M, Ansari RA. Role of Environmental Toxicants in the Development of Hypertensive and Cardiovascular Diseases. Toxicol Rep 2022; 9:521-533. [PMID: 35371924 PMCID: PMC8971584 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of hypertension with diabetes mellitus (DM) as a co-morbid condition is on the rise worldwide. In 2000, an estimated 972 million adults had hypertension, which is predicted to grow to 1.56 billion by 2025. Hypertension often leads to diabetes mellitus that strongly puts the patients at an increased risk of cardiovascular, kidney, and/or atherosclerotic diseases. Hypertension has been identified as a major risk factor for the development of diabetes; patients with hypertension are at two-to-three-fold higher risk of developing diabetes than patients with normal blood pressure (BP). Causes for the increase in hypertension and diabetes are not well understood, environmental factors (e.g., exposure to environmental toxicants like heavy metals, organic solvents, pesticides, alcohol, and urban lifestyle) have been postulated as one of the reasons contributing to hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The mechanism of action(s) of these toxicants in developing hypertension and CVDs is not well defined. Research studies have linked hypertension with the chronic consumption of alcohol and exposure to metals like lead, mercury, and arsenic have also been linked to hypertension and CVD. Workers chronically exposed to styrene have a higher incidence of CVD. Recent studies have demonstrated that exposure to particulate matter (PM) in diesel exhaust and urban air contributes to increased CVD and mortality. In this review, we have imparted the role of environmental toxicants such as heavy metals, organic pollutants, PM, alcohol, and some drugs in hypertension and CVD along with possible mechanisms and limitations in extrapolating animal data to humans. Rising incidence of hypertension may be linked to chronic exposure with environmental toxicants. Urban lifestyle and alcohol intake may be responsible for increased incidence of hypertension among urbanites. Exposure with organic solvent, heavy metals and pesticides could also be contributing to the rise in blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Habeeb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Health Professions Division, Nova Southeastern University, 3200S University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33200, USA
| | - Saad Aldosari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Health Professions Division, Nova Southeastern University, 3200S University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33200, USA
| | - Shakil A. Saghir
- The Scotts Company LLC, Marysville, OH 43041, USA
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mariam Cheema
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Health Professions Division, Nova Southeastern University, 3200S University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33200, USA
| | - Tahani Momenah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Health Professions Division, Nova Southeastern University, 3200S University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33200, USA
| | - Kazim Husain
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology (FOB-2), Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Health Professions Division, Nova Southeastern University, 3200S University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33200, USA
| | - Syed A.A. Rizvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Hampton University, VA 23668, USA
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine and Surgery, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rais A. Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Health Professions Division, Nova Southeastern University, 3200S University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33200, USA
- Corresponding author.
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Fu Y, Wang L, Peng W, Fan Q, Li Q, Dong Y, Liu Y, Boczkaj G, Wang Z. Enabling simultaneous redox transformation of toxic chromium(VI) and arsenic(III) in aqueous media-A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:126041. [PMID: 34229381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous conversion of most harmful As(III) and Cr(VI) to their less toxic counterparts is environmentally desirable and cost-effective. It has been confirmed that simultaneous oxidation of As(III) to As(V) and reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) can occur via free radical or mediated electron transfer processes. While Cr(VI) is reduced by reacting with H•, eaq-, photoelectron directly or undergoing ligand exchange with H2O2 and SO32-, As(III) is oxidized by HO•, SO4•-, O2•-, and holes (h+) in free radical process. The ability to concentrate Cr and As species on heterogeneous interface and conductivity determining the co-conversion efficiency in mediated electron transfer process. Acidity has positive effect on these co-conversion, while mediated electron transfer process is not much affected by dissolved oxygen (O2). Organic compounds (e.g., oxalate, citrate and phenol) commonly favor Cr(VI) reduction and inhibit As(III) oxidation. To better understand the trends in the existing data and to identify the knowledge gaps, this review elaborates the complicated mechanisms for co-conversion of As(III) and Cr(VI) by various methods. Some challenges and prospects in this active field are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lingli Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wenya Peng
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qingya Fan
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qingchao Li
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yongxia Dong
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yunjiao Liu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland; EkoTech Center, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai 200241, China; Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-Restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
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Negro Silva LF, Makhani K, Lemaire M, Lemarié CA, Plourde D, Bolt AM, Chiavatti C, Bohle DS, Lehoux S, Goldberg MS, Mann KK. Sex-Specific Effects of Prenatal and Early Life Inorganic and Methylated Arsenic Exposure on Atherosclerotic Plaque Development and Composition in Adult ApoE-/- Mice. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:57008. [PMID: 34014776 PMCID: PMC8136521 DOI: 10.1289/ehp8171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic studies indicate that early life arsenic exposures are linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Different oxidation and methylation states of arsenic exist in the environment and are formed in vivo via the action of arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (As3MT). Methylated arsenicals are pro-atherogenic postnatally, but pre- and perinatal effects are unclear. This is particularly important because methylated arsenicals are known to cross the placenta. OBJECTIVES We tested the effects of early life exposure to inorganic and methylated arsenicals on atherosclerotic plaque formation and its composition in apolipoprotein E knock-out (apoE-/-) mice and evaluated whether apoE-/- mice lacking As3MT expression were susceptible to this effect. METHODS We exposed apoE-/- or apoE-/-/As3MT-/- mice to 200 ppb inorganic or methylated arsenic in the drinking water from conception to weaning and assessed atherosclerotic plaques in the offspring at 18 wk of age. Mixed regression models were used to estimate the mean difference in each outcome relative to controls, adjusting for sex and including a random effects term to account for within-litter clustering. RESULTS Early life exposure to inorganic arsenic, and more profoundly methylated arsenicals, resulted in significantly larger plaques in the aortic arch and sinus in both sexes. Lipid levels in these plaques were higher without a substantial difference in macrophage numbers. Smooth muscle cell content was not altered, but collagen content was lower. Importantly, there were sex-specific differences in these observations, where males had higher lipids and lower collagen in the plaque, but females did not. In mice lacking As3MT, arsenic did not alter the plaque size, although the size was highly variable. In addition, control apoE-/-/As3MT-/- mice had significantly larger plaque size compared with control apoE-/-. CONCLUSION This study shows that early life exposure to inorganic and methylated arsenicals is pro-atherogenic with sex-specific differences in plaque composition and a potential role for As3MT in mice. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8171.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kiran Makhani
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maryse Lemaire
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Catherine A. Lemarié
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- EA3878, European University of Occidental Brittany, Brest, France
- UMR 1078, Institut national de la santé et de la recherché médicale, Brest, France
| | - Dany Plourde
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alicia M. Bolt
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christopher Chiavatti
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - D. Scott Bohle
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Lehoux
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mark S. Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Koren K. Mann
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Darmawan MA, Muhammad BZ, Harahap AFP, Ramadhan MYA, Sahlan M, Haryuni, Supriyadi T, Abd-Aziz S, Gozan M. Reduction of the acidity and peroxide numbers of tengkawang butter ( Shorea stenoptera) using thermal and acid activated bentonites. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05742. [PMID: 33364505 PMCID: PMC7750560 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tengkawang fat (Shorea stenoptera), from an indigenous plant of the Kalimantan forest, has excellent potential as an alternative source of vegetable fat because it has a high level of fatty acids composition. Activated natural bentonite can be used as a bleaching agent to improve the quality of tengkawang fat. This research aims to reduce the acidity, peroxide number values and identify the physicochemical properties (fatty acid composition, nutrients, and thermal) of tengkawang butter. Initially, tengkawang samples from Nanga Yen and Sintang were pre-treated using the degumming process with 1% phosphoric acid and the neutralization process with a 1 M NaOH 10% w/w solution. The results show that the acidity (mg NaOH/g) of the tengkawang fat samples was reduced from 11.00 to 3.36 when using bentonite activated at 200 °C. The bentonite activated with 0.5 M HCl reduced the acidity to 3.61. The peroxide number (meq O2/kg) of the tengkawang fat samples was reduced from 9.45 to 4.84 and 3.47 by bleaching with thermal-activated and acid-activated bentonites, respectively. Peroxide value correlates with β-carotene content. The smaller of the β-carotene content, the smaller the peroxide value. The acidity, peroxide number, and iodine number values from tengkawang fat after treatment adhere to the SNI 2903: 2016 standard. The main content of fatty acids in tengkawang fat is palmitic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid. These results show that both products are suitable for the food industry in terms of the acid and peroxide numbers. The application of this research results will assist local people in increasing the economic value of the product from tengkawang plant, which is an indigenous plant from Kalimantan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arif Darmawan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Bagas Zaki Muhammad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Muhammad Sahlan
- Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Haryuni
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Tunas Pembangunan, Surakarta, Central of Java, Indonesia
| | - Teguh Supriyadi
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Tunas Pembangunan, Surakarta, Central of Java, Indonesia
| | - Suraini Abd-Aziz
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Misri Gozan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia.,Research Center for Biomedical Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
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15
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Hobbie K, Shao K, Henning C, Mendez W, Lee JS, Cote I, Druwe IL, Davis JA, Gift JS. Use of study-specific MOE-like estimates to prioritize health effects from chemical exposure for analysis in human health assessments. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 144:105986. [PMID: 32871380 PMCID: PMC7572727 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There are unique challenges in estimating dose-response with chemicals that are associated with multiple health outcomes and numerous studies. Some studies are more suitable than others for quantitative dose-response analyses. For such chemicals, an efficient method of screening studies and endpoints to identify suitable studies and potentially important health effects for dose-response modeling is valuable. Using inorganic arsenic as a test case, we developed a tiered approach that involves estimating study-specific margin of exposure (MOE)-like unitless ratios for two hypothetical scenarios. These study-specific unitless ratios are derived by dividing the exposure estimated to result in a 20% increase in relative risk over the background exposure (RRE20) by the background exposure, as estimated in two different ways. In our case study illustration, separate study-specific ratios are derived using estimates of United States population background exposure (RRB-US) and the mean study population reference group background exposure (RRB-SP). Systematic review methods were used to identify and evaluate epidemiologic studies, which were categorized based on study design (case-control, cohort, cross-sectional), various study quality criteria specific to dose-response analysis (number of dose groups, exposure ascertainment, exposure uncertainty), and availability of necessary dose-response data. Both case-control and cohort studies were included in the RRB analysis. The RRE20 estimates were derived by modeling effective counts of cases and controls estimated from study-reported adjusted odds ratios and relative risks. Using a broad (but not necessarily comprehensive) set of epidemiologic studies of multiple health outcomes selected for the purposes of illustrating the RRB approach, this test case analysis would suggest that diseases of the circulatory system, bladder cancer, and lung cancer may be arsenic health outcomes that warrant further analysis. This is suggested by the number of datasets from adequate dose-response studies demonstrating an effect with RRBs close to 1 (i.e., RRE20 values close to estimated background arsenic exposure levels).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Hobbie
- ICF, 9300 Lee Highway, Fairfax, VA 22031-1207, USA
| | - Kan Shao
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Cara Henning
- ICF, 2635 Meridian Parkway Suite 200, Durham, NC 27713, USA
| | | | - Janice S Lee
- CPHEA, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Ila Cote
- CPHEA, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Ingrid L Druwe
- CPHEA, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - J Allen Davis
- CPHEA, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Gift
- CPHEA, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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16
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Yuan L, Fei W, Jia F, Junping L, Qi L, Fangru N, Xudong L, Lan X, Shulian X. Increased health threats from land use change caused by anthropogenic activity in an endemic fluorosis and arsenicosis area. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 261:114130. [PMID: 32066052 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Urbanization is conducive to promoting social development and improving living standards. However, the changing land use attributed to urbanization has placed both the environment and humans at risk. Based on the long-term monitoring and the land use change during 2010-2017, we investigated the exposure of fluoride (F) and arsenic (As) in groundwater. We analyzed the temporal and spatial variation of F and As from different land use changes. The study assessed health risk for children by calculating carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk. Furthermore, we mapped the distribution pattern of F and As using GIS. For the 768 water samples collected from 2010 to 2017, F concentrations ranged between 0.10 and 5.70 mg L-1 (M = 0.68 ± 0.02 mg L-1), As concentrations ranged between 0.50 and 71.50 μg L-1 (M = 4.28 ± 0.28 μg L-1). A concerning result showed that 6.77% of F concentrations larger than 1.5 mg L-1 and 11.46% of As concentrations larger than 10 μg L-1 based on the recommendation by WHO, respectively. Results proved that land use change caused by human activity increased groundwater pollution and placed human health at risk. High F and As risk were found in southern Taiyuan City. In particular, the groundwater of industrial land suffered from more severe pollution, especially at the frontier of urban and suburban areas in the southern part of Taiyuan City. Land use change attributed to industrial land resulted in major increases in the F and As concentrations in groundwater across 2010-2017. Both carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk in 2016-2017 were higher than that in 2010-2015. Rational land use planning, strict groundwater protection policies and the regular monitoring of pollution levels are necessary in order to prevent the adverse health of residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yuan
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China; Taiyuan Monitoring Station of National Urban Water Quality Monitoring Network, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030009, China; Taiyuan Water Supply Group CO., LTD, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030009, China
| | - Wang Fei
- School of Physical Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China.
| | - Feng Jia
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Lv Junping
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Liu Qi
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Nan Fangru
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Liu Xudong
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Xu Lan
- Department of Natural Resource Management, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57006, USA
| | - Xie Shulian
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China.
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Methylmercury Poisoning Induces Cardiac Electrical Remodeling and Increases Arrhythmia Susceptibility and Mortality. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103490. [PMID: 32429059 PMCID: PMC7279040 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the cardiac electrical remodeling associated with intoxication by methylmercury (MeHg). We evaluated the chronic effects of MeHg on in vivo electrocardiograms and on ex vivo action potentials and depolarizing (ICa-L) and repolarizing (Ito) currents. The acute effect of MeHg was evaluated on HEK293 cells expressing human ERG, Kv4.3 and KCNQ1/KCNE1 channels. Chronic MeHg treatment increased QTc and Tpeak–Tend interval duration, prolonged action potential duration and decreased amplitude of Ito and ICa-L. In addition, heterologously expressed IhKv4.3, IhERG or IhKCNQ1/KCNE1 decreased after acute exposure to MeHg at subnanomolar range. The introduction of the in vitro effects of MeHg in a computer model of human ventricular action potentials triggered early afterdepolarizations and arrhythmia. In conclusion, cardiac electrical remodeling induced by MeHg poisoning is related to the reduction of Ito and ICa-L. The acute effect of MeHg on hKv4.3; hERG and hKCNQ1/KCNE1 currents and their transposition to in silico models show an association between MeHg intoxication and acquired Long QT Syndrome in humans. MeHg can exert its high toxicity either after chronic or acute exposure to concentrations as low as picomolar.
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18
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Xu L, Mondal D, Polya DA. Positive Association of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) with Chronic Exposure to Drinking Water Arsenic (As) at Concentrations below the WHO Provisional Guideline Value: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17072536. [PMID: 32272785 PMCID: PMC7178156 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
To the best of our knowledge, a dose-response meta-analysis of the relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and arsenic (As) exposure at drinking water As concentrations lower than the WHO provisional guideline value (10 µg/L) has not been published yet. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses to estimate the pooled association between the relative risk of each CVD endpoint and low-level As concentration in drinking water both linearly and non-linearly using a random effects dose-response model. In this study, a significant positive association was found between the risks of most CVD outcomes and drinking water As concentration for both linear and non-linear models (p-value for trend < 0.05). Using the preferred linear model, we found significant increased risks of coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality and CVD mortality as well as combined fatal and non-fatal CHD, CVD, carotid atherosclerosis disease and hypertension in those exposed to drinking water with an As concentration of 10 µg/L compared to the referent (drinking water As concentration of 1 µg/L) population. Notwithstanding limitations included, the observed significant increased risks of CVD endpoints arising from As concentrations in drinking water between 1 µg/L and the 10 µg/L suggests further lowering of this guideline value should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingqian Xu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (L.X.); (D.A.P.)
| | - Debapriya Mondal
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-161-295-4137
| | - David A. Polya
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Williamson Research Centre for Molecular Environmental Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; (L.X.); (D.A.P.)
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19
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Chen Y, Wu F, Liu X, Parvez F, LoIacono NJ, Gibson EA, Kioumourtzoglou MA, Levy D, Shahriar H, Uddin MN, Islam T, Lomax A, Saxena R, Sanchez T, Santiago D, Ellis T, Ahsan H, Wasserman GA, Graziano JH. Early life and adolescent arsenic exposure from drinking water and blood pressure in adolescence. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 178:108681. [PMID: 31520830 PMCID: PMC7010462 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence of the association between inorganic arsenic (As) exposure, especially early-life exposure, and blood pressure (BP) in adolescence is limited. We examined the association of As exposure during early childhood, childhood, and adolescence with BP in adolescence. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 726 adolescents aged 14-17 (mean 14.75) years whose mothers were participants in the Bangladesh Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS). Adolescents' BP was measured at the time of their recruitment between December 2012 and December 2016. We considered maternal urinary As (UAs), repeatedly measured during childhood, as proxy measures of early childhood (<5 years old, A1) and childhood (5-12 years old, A2) exposure. Adolescents' current UAs was collected at the time of recruitment (14-17 years of age, A3). RESULTS Every doubling of UAs at A3 and maternal UAs at A1 was positively associated with a difference of 0.7-mmHg (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.1, 1.3) and a 0.7-mmHg (95% CI: 0.05, 1.4) in SBP, respectively. These associations were stronger in adolescents with a BMI above the median (17.7 kg/m2) than those with a BMI below the median (P for interaction = 0.03 and 0.03, respectively). There was no significant association between any of the exposure measures and DBP. The Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression confirmed that adolescents' UAs at A3 and maternal UAs at A1 contributed the most to the overall effect of As exposure at three life stages on SBP. Mixture analyses using Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression identified UAs at A3 as a significant contributor to SBP and DBP independent of other concurrent blood levels of cadmium, lead, manganese, and selenium. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest an association of current exposure and early childhood exposure to As with higher BP in adolescents, which may be exacerbated by higher BMI at adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Departments of Population Health, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Fen Wu
- Departments of Population Health, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, New York, NY, USA
| | - Faruque Parvez
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nancy J LoIacono
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Gibson
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Diane Levy
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Taruqul Islam
- U-Chicago Research Bangladesh, Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Angela Lomax
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Roheeni Saxena
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tiffany Sanchez
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Santiago
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tyler Ellis
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Health Studies, Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gail A Wasserman
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph H Graziano
- Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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20
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Lauer FT, Parvez F, Factor-Litvak P, Liu X, Santella RM, Islam T, Eunus M, Alam N, Hasan AKMR, Rahman M, Ahsan H, Graziano J, Burchiel SW. Changes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (HPBMC) populations and T-cell subsets associated with arsenic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposures in a Bangladesh cohort. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220451. [PMID: 31365547 PMCID: PMC6668812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposures to environmental arsenic (As) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) have been shown to independently cause dysregulation of immune function. Little data exists on the associations between combined exposures to As and PAH with immunotoxicity in humans. In this work we examined associations between As and PAH exposures with lymphoid cell populations in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), as well as alterations in differentiation and activation of B and T cells. Two hundred men, participating in the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS) in Bangladesh, were selected for the present study based on their exposure to As from drinking water and their cigarette smoking status. Blood and urine samples were collected from study participants. We utilized multiparameter flow cytometry in PBMC to identify immune cells (B, T, monocytes, NK) as well as the T-helper (Th) cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th17, and Tregs) following ex vivo activation. We did not find evidence of interactions between As and PAH exposures. However, individual exposures (As or PAH) were associated with changes to immune cell populations, including Th cell subsets. Arsenic exposure was associated with an increase in the percentage of Th cells, and dose dependent changes in monocytes, NKT cells and a monocyte subset. Within the Th cell subset we found that Arsenic exposure was also associated with a significant increase in the percentage of circulating proinflammatory Th17 cells. PAH exposure was associated with changes in T cells, monocytes and T memory (Tmem) cells and with changes in Th, Th1, Th2 and Th17 subsets all of which were non-monotonic (dose dependent). Alterations of immune cell populations caused by environmental exposures to As and PAH may result in adverse health outcomes, such as changes in systemic inflammation, immune suppression, or autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredine T. Lauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
| | - Faruque Parvez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Pam Factor-Litvak
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Regina M. Santella
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Tariqul Islam
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahbubul Eunus
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nur Alam
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mizanour Rahman
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Health Studies, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Joseph Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Scott W. Burchiel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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21
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Parvez F, Lauer FT, Factor-Litvak P, Liu X, Santella RM, Islam T, Eunus M, Alam N, Sarwar G, Rahman M, Ahsan H, Graziano J, Burchiel SW. Assessment of arsenic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposures on immune function among males in Bangladesh. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216662. [PMID: 31095595 PMCID: PMC6522035 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are environmental pollutants to which people around the world are exposed through water, food and air. In mouse and in vitro studies of human cells, both of these chemicals have been shown to modulate the immune system. In some experimental studies, a synergistic disruption of immune function was observed by a combined exposure to arsenic and PAH. However, a joint effect of arsenic and PAH on immune function has not been studied in humans. We have conducted an epidemiological investigation to examine effects of chronic arsenic and PAH exposures on immune function. We assessed T-cell proliferation (TCP) and cytokine production of anti-CD3/anti-CD28 stimulated lymphocytes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (HPBMC) among 197 healthy men enrolled to the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal (HEALS) cohort in Bangladesh. By design, approximately half were active smokers and the rest were never smokers. Our analyses demonstrated that IL-1b, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-6 were significantly stimulated as a function of urinary arsenic levels in models adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI), smoking status and PAH-DNA adducts. After correcting for false detection rate (FDR), only IL-1b remained statistically significant. We found a U-shaped dose response relationship between urinary arsenic and IL-1b. On the other hand, PAH-DNA adducts were associated with an inhibition of TCP and appeared as an inverted U-shape curve. Dose response curves were non-monotonic for PAH-DNA adduct exposures and suggested that cytokine secretion of IFNg, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-10 and IL17A followed a complex pattern. In the majority of donors, there was a trend towards a decrease in cytokine associated with PAH-DNA adducts. We did not observe any interaction between urinary arsenic and PAH-DNA adducts on immune parameters. Our results indicate that long-term exposures to arsenic and PAH have independent, non-monotonic associations with TCP and cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faruque Parvez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Fredine T. Lauer
- University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
| | - Pam Factor-Litvak
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Regina M. Santella
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Tariqul Islam
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Bangladesh
| | | | - Nur Alam
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Bangladesh
| | - Golam Sarwar
- University of Chicago Field Research Office, Bangladesh
| | | | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Health Studies, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Joseph Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Scott W. Burchiel
- University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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22
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Navas-Acien A, Sanchez TR, Mann K, Jones MR. Arsenic Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease: Evidence Needed to Inform the Dose-Response at Low Levels. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40471-019-00186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Wu F, Yang L, Islam MT, Jasmine F, Kibriya MG, Nahar J, Barmon B, Parvez F, Sarwar G, Ahmed A, Eunus M, Islam T, Slavkovich V, Hu J, Li H, Graziano JH, Pei Z, Ahsan H, Chen Y. The role of gut microbiome and its interaction with arsenic exposure in carotid intima-media thickness in a Bangladesh population. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 123:104-113. [PMID: 30503971 PMCID: PMC6371773 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging data suggest that inorganic arsenic exposure and gut microbiome are associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease. The gut microbiome may modify disease risk associated with arsenic exposure. Our aim was to examine the inter-relationships between arsenic exposure, the gut microbiome, and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT)-a surrogate marker for atherosclerosis. METHODS We recruited 250 participants from the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study in Bangladesh, measured IMT and collected fecal samples in year 2015-2016. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was conducted on microbial DNA extracted from the fecal samples. Arsenic exposure was measured using data on arsenic concentration in drinking water wells over time to derive a time-weighted water arsenic index. Multivariable linear regression models were used to test the inter-relationships between arsenic exposure, relative abundance of selected bacterial taxa from phylum to genus levels, and IMT. RESULTS We identified nominally significant associations between arsenic exposure, measured using either time-weighted water arsenic or urinary arsenic, and the relative abundances of several bacterial taxa from the phylum Tenericutes, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes. However, none of the associations retained significance after correction for multiple testing. The relative abundances of the family Aeromonadaceae and genus Citrobacter were significantly associated with IMT after correction for multiple testing (P-value = 0.02 and 0.03, respectively). Every 1% increase in the relative abundance of Aeromonadaceae and Citrobacter was related to an 18.2-μm (95% CI: 7.8, 28.5) and 97.3-μm (95% CI: 42.3, 152.3) difference in IMT, respectively. These two taxa were also the only selected family and genus using the LASSO variable selection method. There was a significant interaction between Citrobacter and time-weighted water arsenic in IMT (P for interaction = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a role of Citrobacter in the development of atherosclerosis, especially among individuals with higher levels of arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wu
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Liying Yang
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; The Department of Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Farzana Jasmine
- Department of Health Studies, Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Muhammad G Kibriya
- Department of Health Studies, Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jebun Nahar
- U-Chicago Research Bangladesh, Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Faruque Parvez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Golam Sarwar
- U-Chicago Research Bangladesh, Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mahbub Eunus
- U-Chicago Research Bangladesh, Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tariqul Islam
- U-Chicago Research Bangladesh, Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Vesna Slavkovich
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jiyuan Hu
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Huilin Li
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph H Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhiheng Pei
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; The Department of Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Health Studies, Center for Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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24
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Moon KA, Zhang Y, Guallar E, Francesconi KA, Goessler W, Umans JG, Best LG, Howard BV, Devereux RB, Okin PM, Navas-Acien A. Association of low-moderate urine arsenic and QT interval: Cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence from the Strong Heart Study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 240:894-902. [PMID: 29793197 PMCID: PMC6339816 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies suggest that chronic exposure to arsenic is related to cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the pathophysiological link remains uncertain. We evaluated the association of chronic low-moderate arsenic exposure and arsenic metabolism with baseline difference and annual change in ECG measures (QT interval, JT interval, PR interval, QRS duration, and QT dispersion) using linear mixed models in the Strong Heart Study main cohort (N = 1174, median age 55 years) and family study (N = 1695 diabetes-free, median age 36 years). At baseline, arsenic exposure was measured as the sum of inorganic and methylated species in urine (ΣAs) and arsenic metabolism was measured as the relative percentage of arsenic species. Median ΣAs and Bazett heart rate-corrected QT interval (QTc) were 8.6 μg/g creatinine and 424 ms in the main cohort and 4.3 μg/g and 414 ms in the family study, respectively. In the main cohort, a comparison of the highest to lowest ΣAs quartile (>14.4 vs. <5.2 μg/g creatinine) was associated with a 5.3 (95% CI: 1.2, 9.5) ms higher mean baseline QTc interval but no difference in annual change in QTc interval. In the family study, a comparison of the highest to lowest quartile (>7.1 vs. <2.9 μg/g creatinine) was associated with a 3.2 (95% CI: 0.6, 5.7) ms higher baseline QTc interval and a 0.6 (95% CI: 0.04, 1.2) ms larger annual increase in QTc interval. Associations with JTc interval were similar but stronger in magnitude compared to QTc interval. Arsenic exposure was largely not associated with PR interval, QRS duration or QT dispersion. Similar to arsenic exposure, a pattern of lower %MMA and higher %DMA was associated with longer baseline QTc interval in both cohorts and with a larger annual change in QTc interval in the family study. Chronic low-moderate arsenic exposure and arsenic metabolism were associated with prolonged ventricular repolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Moon
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Yiyi Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eliseo Guallar
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevin A Francesconi
- Institute for Chemistry-Analytical Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Walter Goessler
- Institute for Chemistry-Analytical Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jason G Umans
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USA
| | - Lyle G Best
- Missouri Breaks Industries Research, Timber Lake, SD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
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25
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Phan NN, Wang CY, Li KL, Chen CF, Chiao CC, Yu HG, Huang PL, Lin YC. Distinct expression of CDCA3, CDCA5, and CDCA8 leads to shorter relapse free survival in breast cancer patient. Oncotarget 2018; 9:6977-6992. [PMID: 29467944 PMCID: PMC5805530 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a dangerous disease that results in high mortality rates for cancer patients. Many methods have been developed for the treatment and prevention of this disease. Determining the expression patterns of certain target genes in specific subtypes of breast cancer is important for developing new therapies for breast cancer. In the present study, we performed a holistic approach to screening the mRNA expression of six members of the cell division cycle-associated gene family (CDCA) with a focus on breast cancer using the Oncomine and The Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) databases. Furthermore, Gene Expression-Based Outcome for Breast Cancer Online (GOBO) was also used to deeply mine the expression of each CDCA gene in clinical breast cancer tissue and breast cancer cell lines. Finally, the mRNA expression of the CDCA genes as related to breast cancer patient survival were analyzed using a Kaplan-Meier plot. CDCA3, CDCA5, and CDCA8 mRNA expression levels were significantly higher than the control sample in both clinical tumor sample and cancer cell lines. These highly expressed genes in the tumors of breast cancer patients dramatically reduced patient survival. The interaction network of CDCA3, CDCA5, and CDCA8 with their co-expressed genes also revealed that CDCA3 expression was highly correlated with cell cycle related genes such as CCNB2, CDC20, CDKN3, and CCNB1. CDCA5 expression was correlated with BUB1 and TRIP13, while CDCA8 expression was correlated with BUB1 and CCNB1. Altogether, these findings suggested CDCA3, CDCA5, and CDCA8 could have a high potency as targeted breast cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Nhut Phan
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan.,NTT Institute of Hi-Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Chih-Yang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Lun Li
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Fu Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chieh Chiao
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Han-Gang Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Pung-Ling Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chang Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
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26
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Phung D, Connell D, Rutherford S, Chu C. Cardiovascular risk from water arsenic exposure in Vietnam: Application of systematic review and meta-regression analysis in chemical health risk assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 177:167-175. [PMID: 28288425 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis cannot provide the endpoint answer for a chemical risk assessment (CRA). The objective of this study was to apply SR and meta-regression (MR) analysis to address this limitation using a case study in cardiovascular risk from arsenic exposure in Vietnam. Published studies were searched from PubMed using the keywords of arsenic exposure and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Random-effects meta-regression was applied to model the linear relationship between arsenic concentration in water and risk of CVD, and then the no-observable-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) were identified from the regression function. The probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) technique was applied to characterize risk of CVD due to arsenic exposure by estimating the overlapping coefficient between dose-response and exposure distribution curves. The risks were evaluated for groundwater, treated and drinking water. A total of 8 high quality studies for dose-response and 12 studies for exposure data were included for final analyses. The results of MR suggested a NOAEL of 50 μg/L and a guideline of 5 μg/L for arsenic in water which valued as a half of NOAEL and guidelines recommended from previous studies and authorities. The results of PRA indicated that the observed exposure level with exceeding CVD risk was 52% for groundwater, 24% for treated water, and 10% for drinking water in Vietnam, respectively. The study found that systematic review and meta-regression can be considered as an ideal method to chemical risk assessment due to its advantages to bring the answer for the endpoint question of a CRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung Phung
- Centre for Environment and Population Health, Griffith University, Australia.
| | - Des Connell
- Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Australia
| | - Shannon Rutherford
- Centre for Environment and Population Health, Griffith University, Australia
| | - Cordia Chu
- Centre for Environment and Population Health, Griffith University, Australia
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27
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Hasibuzzaman MM, Hossain S, Islam MS, Rahman A, Anjum A, Hossain F, Mohanto NC, Karim MR, Hoque MM, Saud ZA, Miyataka H, Himeno S, Hossain K. Association between arsenic exposure and soluble thrombomodulin: A cross sectional study in Bangladesh. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175154. [PMID: 28399171 PMCID: PMC5388467 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to arsenic is associated with increased morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, plausible biomarker for early prediction and the underlying mechanism of arsenic-related CVD have not yet been clearly understood. Endothelial dysfunction plays a central role in the development of CVD. We hypothesized that endothelial damage or dysfunction is an important aspect and may be an early event of arsenic-related CVD. Soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) in serum is thought to be a specific and stable marker for endothelial damage or dysfunction. This study was designed to evaluate the association between chronic exposure to arsenic and sTM among human subjects in arsenic-endemic and non-endemic rural areas in Bangladesh. A total of 321 study subjects (217 from arsenic-endemic areas and 104 from a non-endemic area) were recruited. Subjects' arsenic exposure levels (i.e., drinking water, hair and nail arsenic concentrations) were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy. The subjects' serum sTM levels were quantified by immunoassay kit. The average sTM levels of the subjects in arsenic-endemic and non-endemic areas were 4.58 ± 2.20 and 2.84 ± 1.29 (ng mL-1) respectively, and the difference was significant (p<0.001). Arsenic exposure levels showed a significant (water arsenic: rs = 0.339, p<0.001, hair arsenic: rs = 0.352, p<0.001 and nail arsenic: rs = 0.308, p<0.001) positive associations with sTM levels. Soluble TM levels were higher in the higher exposure gradients if we stratified the subjects into tertile groups (low, medium and high) based on the arsenic concentrations of the subjects' drinking water, hair and nails. Finally, increased levels of sTM were negatively correlated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and positively correlated with intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). Results of this study show that chronic exposure to arsenic has mild to moderate association with sTM levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. M. Hasibuzzaman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Shakhawoat Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shofikul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- Department of Applied Nutrition and Food Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Atiqur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Adiba Anjum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Faruk Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Nayan Chandra Mohanto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rezaul Karim
- Department of Applied Nutrition and Food Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mominul Hoque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Zahangir Alam Saud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Hideki Miyataka
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Himeno
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Khaled Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- * E-mail:
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28
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Karakulak UN, Gunduzoz M, Ayturk M, Tek Ozturk M, Tutkun E, Yilmaz OH. Assessment of heart rate response to exercise and recovery during treadmill testing in arsenic-exposed workers. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2017; 22. [PMID: 28247524 DOI: 10.1111/anec.12437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic exposure is associated with various cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the present study was to assess cardiac autonomic function via heart rate response to exercise and recovery period of treadmill testing in arsenic-exposed workers. METHODS Sixty-five (65) occupationally arsenic-exposed workers and 35 healthy controls were enrolled. Blood and urinary arsenic levels were analyzed and symptom limited maximal treadmill exercise test were performed. Chronotropic response to exercise including age-predicted maximal heart rate (APMHR), heart rate reserve (HRreserve ), age-predicted HRreserve (APHRreserve ) and adjusted HRreserve and 1st-, 2nd-and 3rd-min heart rate recovery (HRR) indices were calculated. RESULTS Baseline clinical and echocardiographic parameters, exercise test duration, resting and maximal heart rate, peak exercise capacity, HRreserve , APMHR, APHRreserve , and adjusted HRreserve were found to be similar between groups. HRR1 (22.0 ± 4.3 vs. 24.3 ± 3.1 bpm, p = .003) and HRR2 (43.2 ± 6.2 vs. 46.7 ± 6.4 bpm, p = .012) were significantly lower in arsenic-exposed workers compared to controls. Blood and urinary arsenic levels negatively correlated with HRR1 (r = -.477, p < .001 and r = -.438, p < .001, respectively) and HRR2 (r = -.507, p < .001 and r = -.412, p < .001 respectively). CONCLUSIONS Arsenic-exposed workers had lower HRR indices than normal subjects but chronotropic response were similar. Cardiac autonomic dysregulation may be one of the cardiovascular consequences of arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meside Gunduzoz
- Department of Clinical Toxicology, Occupational Diseases Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ayturk
- Department of Cardiology, Kecioren Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mujgan Tek Ozturk
- Department of Cardiology, Kecioren Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Engin Tutkun
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Omer Hinc Yilmaz
- Department of Clinical Toxicology, Occupational Diseases Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Hallauer J, Geng X, Yang HC, Shen J, Tsai KJ, Liu Z. The Effect of Chronic Arsenic Exposure in Zebrafish. Zebrafish 2016; 13:405-12. [PMID: 27140519 PMCID: PMC5035366 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2016.1252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic is a prevalent environmental toxin and a Group one human carcinogenic agent. Chronic arsenic exposure has been associated with many human diseases. The aim of this study is to evaluate zebrafish as an animal model to assess arsenic toxicity in elevated long-term arsenic exposure. With prolonged exposure (6 months) to various concentrations of arsenic from 50 ppb to 300 ppb, effects of arsenic accumulation in zebrafish tissues, and phenotypes were investigated. Results showed that there are no significant changes of arsenic retention in zebrafish tissues, and zebrafish did not exhibit any visible tumor formation under arsenic exposure conditions. However, the zebrafish demonstrate a dysfunction in their neurological system, which is reflected by a reduction of locomotive activity. Moreover, elevated levels of the superoxide dismutase (SOD2) protein were detected in the eye and liver, suggesting increased oxidative stress. In addition, the progenies of arsenic-treated parents displayed a smaller biomass (four-fold reduction in body weight) compared with those from their parental controls. This result indicates that arsenic may induce genetic or epigenetic changes that are then passed on to the next generation. Overall, this study demonstrates that zebrafish is a convenient vertebrate model with advantages in the evaluation of arsenic-associated neurological disorders as well as its influences on the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janell Hallauer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
| | - Xiangrong Geng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
| | - Hung-Chi Yang
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Pathology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Kan-Jen Tsai
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zijuan Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
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Abdul KSM, Jayasinghe SS, Chandana EPS, Jayasumana C, De Silva PMCS. Arsenic and human health effects: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 40:828-46. [PMID: 26476885 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 422] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is ubiquitous in nature and humans being exposed to arsenic via atmospheric air, ground water and food sources are certain. Major sources of arsenic contamination could be either through geological or via anthropogenic activities. In physiological individuals, organ system is described as group of organs that transact collectively and associate with other systems for conventional body functions. Arsenic has been associated with persuading a variety of complications in body organ systems: integumentary, nervous, respiratory, cardiovascular, hematopoietic, immune, endocrine, hepatic, renal, reproductive system and development. In this review, we outline the effects of arsenic on the human body with a main focus on assorted organ systems with respective disease conditions. Additionally, underlying mechanisms of disease development in each organ system due to arsenic have also been explored. Strikingly, arsenic has been able to induce epigenetic changes (in utero) and genetic mutations (a leading cause of cancer) in the body. Occurrence of various arsenic induced health effects involving emerging areas such as epigenetics and cancer along with their respective mechanisms are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Channa Jayasumana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Rajarata University, Anuradhapura 50008, Sri Lanka
| | - P Mangala C S De Silva
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Ruhuna, Matara 81000, Sri Lanka
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Abstract
Environmental exposure is an important but underappreciated risk factor contributing to the development and severity of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The heart and vascular system are highly vulnerable to a number of environmental agents--ambient air pollution and the metals arsenic, cadmium, and lead are widespread and the most-extensively studied. Like traditional risk factors, such as smoking and diabetes mellitus, these exposures advance disease and mortality via augmentation or initiation of pathophysiological processes associated with CVD, including blood-pressure control, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, vascular function, and atherogenesis. Although residence in highly polluted areas is associated with high levels of cardiovascular risk, adverse effects on cardiovascular health also occur at exposure levels below current regulatory standards. Considering the widespread prevalence of exposure, even modest contributions to CVD risk can have a substantial effect on population health. Evidence-based clinical and public-health strategies aimed at reducing environmental exposures from current levels could substantially lower the burden of CVD-related death and disability worldwide.
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Farzan SF, Chen Y, Rees JR, Zens MS, Karagas MR. Risk of death from cardiovascular disease associated with low-level arsenic exposure among long-term smokers in a US population-based study. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 287:93-97. [PMID: 26048586 PMCID: PMC4536141 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
High levels of arsenic exposure have been associated with increases in cardiovascular disease risk. However, studies of arsenic's effects at lower exposure levels are limited and few prospective studies exist in the United States using long-term arsenic exposure biomarkers. We conducted a prospective analysis of the association between toenail arsenic and cardiovascular disease mortality using longitudinal data collected on 3939 participants in the New Hampshire Skin Cancer Study. Using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for potential confounders, we estimated hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals associated with the risk of death from any cardiovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, and stroke, in relation to natural-log transformed toenail arsenic concentrations. In this US population, although we observed no overall association, arsenic exposure measured from toenail clipping samples was related to an increased risk of ischemic heart disease mortality among long-term smokers (as reported at baseline), with increased hazard ratios among individuals with ≥ 31 total smoking years (HR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.27), ≥ 30 pack-years (HR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.12, 2.45), and among current smokers (HR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.75). These results are consistent with evidence from more highly exposed populations suggesting a synergistic relationship between arsenic exposure and smoking on health outcomes and support a role for lower-level arsenic exposure in ischemic heart disease mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh F Farzan
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA; Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judy R Rees
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - M Scot Zens
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.
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Wu F, Jasmine F, Kibriya MG, Liu M, Cheng X, Parvez F, Islam T, Ahmed A, Rakibuz-Zaman M, Jiang J, Roy S, Paul-Brutus R, Slavkovich V, Islam T, Levy D, VanderWeele TJ, Pierce BL, Graziano JH, Ahsan H, Chen Y. Interaction between arsenic exposure from drinking water and genetic polymorphisms on cardiovascular disease in Bangladesh: a prospective case-cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2015; 123:451-7. [PMID: 25575156 PMCID: PMC4421763 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1307883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic data on genetic susceptibility to cardiovascular effects of arsenic exposure from drinking water are limited. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether the association between well-water arsenic and cardiovascular disease (CVD) differed by 170 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 17 genes related to arsenic metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. METHOD We conducted a prospective case-cohort study nested in the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study, with a random subcohort of 1,375 subjects and 447 incident fatal and nonfatal cases of CVD. Well-water arsenic was measured in 2000 at baseline. The CVD cases, 56 of which occurred in the subcohort, included 238 coronary heart disease cases, 165 stroke cases, and 44 deaths due to other CVD identified during follow-up from 2000 to 2012. RESULTS Of the 170 SNPs tested, multiplicative interactions between well-water arsenic and two SNPs, rs281432 in ICAM1 (padj = 0.0002) and rs3176867 in VCAM1 (padj = 0.035), were significant for CVD after adjustment for multiple testing. Compared with those with GC or CC genotype in rs281432 and lower well-water arsenic, the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for CVD was 1.82 (95% CI: 1.31, 2.54) for a 1-SD increase in well-water arsenic combined with the GG genotype, which was greater than expected given aHRs of 1.08 and 0.96 for separate effects of arsenic and the genotype alone, respectively. Similarly, the joint aHR for arsenic and the rs3176867 CC genotype was 1.34 (95% CI: 0.95, 1.87), greater than expected given aHRs for their separate effects of 1.02 and 0.84, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Associations between CVD and arsenic exposure may be modified by genetic variants related to endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wu
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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James KA, Byers T, Hokanson JE, Meliker JR, Zerbe GO, Marshall JA. Association between lifetime exposure to inorganic arsenic in drinking water and coronary heart disease in Colorado residents. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2015; 123:128-34. [PMID: 25350952 PMCID: PMC4314243 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1307839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic diseases, including coronary heart disease (CHD), have been associated with ingestion of drinking water with high levels of inorganic arsenic (> 1,000 μg/L). However, associations have been inconclusive in populations with lower levels (< 100 μg/L) of inorganic arsenic exposure. OBJECTIVES We conducted a case-cohort study based on individual estimates of lifetime arsenic exposure to examine the relationship between chronic low-level arsenic exposure and risk of CHD. METHODS This study included 555 participants with 96 CHD events diagnosed between 1984 and 1998 for which individual lifetime arsenic exposure estimates were determined using data from structured interviews and secondary data sources to determine lifetime residence, which was linked to a geospatial model of arsenic concentrations in drinking water. These lifetime arsenic exposure estimates were correlated with historically collected urinary arsenic concentrations. A Cox proportional-hazards model with time-dependent CHD risk factors was used to assess the association between time-weighted average (TWA) lifetime exposure to low-level inorganic arsenic in drinking water and incident CHD. RESULTS We estimated a positive association between low-level inorganic arsenic exposure and CHD risk [hazard ratio (HR): = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.78] per 15 μg/L while adjusting for age, sex, first-degree family history of CHD, and serum low-density lipoprotein levels. The risk of CHD increased monotonically with increasing TWAs for inorganic arsenic exposure in water relative to < 20 μg/L (HR = 1.2, 95% CI: 0.6, 2.2 for 20-30 μg/L; HR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.2, 4.0 for 30-45 μg/L; and HR = 3, 95% CI: 1.1, 9.1 for 45-88 μg/L). CONCLUSIONS Lifetime exposure to low-level inorganic arsenic in drinking water was associated with increased risk for CHD in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A James
- Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Tsuji JS, Perez V, Garry MR, Alexander DD. Association of low-level arsenic exposure in drinking water with cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and risk assessment. Toxicology 2014; 323:78-94. [PMID: 24953689 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is developing an integrated assessment of non-cancer and cancer risk assessment of inorganic arsenic (iAs). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in association with iAs exposure has been examined in a number of studies and provides a basis for evaluating a reference dose (RfD) for assessing potential non-cancer health risks of arsenic exposure. In this systematic review of low-level iAs exposure (i.e., <100-150μg/L arsenic water concentration) and CVD in human populations, 13 cohort and case-control studies from the United States, Taiwan, Bangladesh, and China were identified and critically examined for evidence for derivation of a RfD. Eight cross-sectional and ecological studies from the United States were also examined for additional information. Prospective cohort data from Bangladesh provided the strongest evidence for determining the point of departure in establishing a candidate RfD based on a combined endpoint of mortality from "ischemic heart disease and other heart diseases." This study as well as the overall literature supported a no-observed-adverse-effect level of 100μg/L for arsenic in water, which was equivalent to an iAs dose of 0.009mg/kg-day (based on population-specific water consumption rates and dietary iAs intake). The study population was likely sensitive to arsenic toxicity because of nutritional deficiencies affecting arsenic methylation and one-carbon metabolism, as well as increasing CVD risk. Evidence is less clear on the interaction of CVD risk factors in the United States (e.g., diabetes, obesity, and hypertension) with arsenic at low doses. Potential uncertainty factors up to 3 resulted in a RfD for CVD in the range of 0.003-0.009mg/kg-day. Although caution should be exercised in extrapolating these results to the U.S. general population, these doses allow a margin of exposure that is 10-30 times the current RfD derived by EPA (based on skin lesions in Southwest Taiwan). These findings suggest that the current EPA RfD is protective of CVD.
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Sauvé S. Time to revisit arsenic regulations: comparing drinking water and rice. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:465. [PMID: 24884827 PMCID: PMC4049411 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current arsenic regulations focus on drinking water without due consideration for dietary uptake and thus seem incoherent with respect to the risks arising from rice consumption. Existing arsenic guidelines are a cost-benefit compromise and, as such, they should be periodically re-evaluated. Discussion Literature data was used to compare arsenic exposure from rice consumption relative to exposure arising from drinking water. Standard risk assessment paradigms show that arsenic regulations for drinking water should target a maximum concentration of nearly zero to prevent excessive lung and bladder cancer risks (among others). A feasibility threshold of 3 μg As l-1 was determined, but a cost-benefit analysis concluded that it would be too expensive to target a threshold below 10 μg As l-1. Data from the literature was used to compare exposure to arsenic from rice and rice product consumption relative to drinking water consumption. The exposure to arsenic from rice consumption can easily be equivalent to or greater than drinking water exposure that already exceeds standard risks and is based on feasibility and cost-benefit compromises. It must also be emphasized that many may disagree with the implications for their own health given the abnormally high cancer odds expected at the cost-benefit arsenic threshold. Summary Tighter drinking water quality criteria should be implemented to properly protect people from excessive cancer risks. Food safety regulations must be put in place to prevent higher concentrations of arsenic in various drinks than those allowed in drinking water. Arsenic concentrations in rice should be regulated so as to roughly equate the risks and exposure levels observed from drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Sauvé
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Wu F, Molinaro P, Chen Y. Arsenic Exposure and Subclinical Endpoints of Cardiovascular Diseases. Curr Environ Health Rep 2014; 1:148-162. [PMID: 25013752 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-014-0011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistic evidence suggests that arsenic exposure from drinking water increases the production of reactive oxygen species and influences inflammatory responses and endothelial nitric oxide homeostasis. These arsenic-induced events may lead to endothelial dysfunction that increases the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. We reviewed accumulating epidemiologic evidence that evaluated the association between arsenic exposure and intermediate markers and subclinical measures that predict future cardiovascular risk. Cross-sectional studies have indicated positive associations between high or low-to-moderate levels of arsenic exposure with indices of subclinical atherosclerosis, QT interval prolongation, and circulating markers of endothelial dysfunction. The evidence is limited for other intermediate endpoints such as markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, QT dispersion, and lipid profiles. Prospective studies are needed to enhance the causal inferences of arsenic's effects on subclinical endpoints of cardiovascular disease, especially at lower arsenic exposure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wu
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Peter Molinaro
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
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Chen Y, Wu F, Graziano JH, Parvez F, Liu M, Paul RR, Shaheen I, Sarwar G, Ahmed A, Islam T, Slavkovich V, Rundek T, Demmer RT, Desvarieux M, Ahsan H. Arsenic exposure from drinking water, arsenic methylation capacity, and carotid intima-media thickness in Bangladesh. Am J Epidemiol 2013; 178:372-81. [PMID: 23788675 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwt001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the interrelationships between past arsenic exposure, biomarkers specific for susceptibility to arsenic exposure, and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in 959 subjects from the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study in Bangladesh. We measured cIMT levels on average 7.2 years after baseline during 2010-2011. Arsenic exposure was measured in well water at baseline and in urine samples collected at baseline and during follow-up. Every 1-standard-deviation increase in urinary arsenic (357.9 µg/g creatinine) and well-water arsenic (102.0 µg/L) concentration was related to a 11.7-µm (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.8, 21.6) and 5.1-µm (95% CI: -0.2, 10.3) increase in cIMT, respectively. For every 10% increase in monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) percentage, there was an increase of 12.1 µm (95% CI: 0.4, 23.8) in cIMT. Among participants with a higher urinary MMA percentage, a higher ratio of urinary MMA to inorganic arsenic, and a lower ratio of dimethylarsinic acid to MMA, the association between well-water arsenic and cIMT was stronger. The findings indicate an effect of past long-term arsenic exposure on cIMT, which may be potentiated by suboptimal or incomplete arsenic methylation capacity. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm the association between arsenic methylation capacity and atherosclerosis-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Departments of Population Health and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, New York University, 650 First Avenue, Room 510, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Chen Y, Wu F, Liu M, Parvez F, Slavkovich V, Eunus M, Ahmed A, Argos M, Islam T, Rakibuz-Zaman M, Hasan R, Sarwar G, Levy D, Graziano J, Ahsan H. A prospective study of arsenic exposure, arsenic methylation capacity, and risk of cardiovascular disease in Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2013; 121:832-8. [PMID: 23665672 PMCID: PMC3701993 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1205797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few prospective studies have evaluated the influence of arsenic methylation capacity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the association of arsenic exposure from drinking water and arsenic methylation capacity with CVD risk. METHOD We conducted a case-cohort study of 369 incident fatal and nonfatal cases of CVD, including 211 cases of heart disease and 148 cases of stroke, and a subcohort of 1,109 subjects randomly selected from the 11,224 participants in the Health Effects of Arsenic Longitudinal Study (HEALS). RESULTS The adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for all CVD, heart disease, and stroke in association with a 1-SD increase in baseline well-water arsenic (112 µg/L) were 1.15 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.30), 1.20 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.38), and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.90, 1.30), respectively. aHRs for the second and third tertiles of percentage urinary monomethylarsonic acid (MMA%) relative to the lowest tertile, respectively, were 1.27 (95% CI: 0.85, 1.90) and 1.55 (95% CI: 1.08, 2.23) for all CVD, and 1.65 (95% CI: 1.05, 2.60) and 1.61 (95% CI: 1.04, 2.49) for heart disease specifically. The highest versus lowest ratio of urinary dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) to MMA was associated with a significantly decreased risk of CVD (aHR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.85) and heart disease (aHR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.33, 0.88). There was no significant association between arsenic metabolite indices and stroke risk. The effects of incomplete arsenic methylation capacity--indicated by higher urinary MMA% or lower urinary DMA%--with higher levels of well-water arsenic on heart disease risk were additive. There was some evidence of a synergy of incomplete methylation capacity with older age and cigarette smoking. CONCLUSIONS Arsenic exposure from drinking water and the incomplete methylation capacity of arsenic were adversely associated with heart disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.
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Sumi D, Abe K, Himeno S. Arsenite retards the cardiac differentiation of rat cardiac myoblast H9c2 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 436:175-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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