1
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Fang HH, Hsu J, Su JGJ. Etoricoxib enhances aryl hydrocarbon receptor activity. Toxicology 2023; 499:153658. [PMID: 37890551 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Etoricoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that possesses properties that include reducing inflammation and relieving pain and fever. Etoricoxib is an oral medication that selectively inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 with high efficacy. Controversies about its cardiovascular side effects have long existed. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a cytoplasmic receptor that plays a key role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and many physiological functions. 2-(1'H-indole-3'-carbonyl)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester (ITE) is a tryptophan metabolite and endogenous AhR agonist. Activation of AhR by its ligand induces upregulation of AhR-targeted cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 expression. We found that etoricoxib (10-60 μM) induced CYP1A1 mRNA and protein expressions and the transcriptional activity of AhR mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon response element (AHRE) in both mouse Hepa-1c1c7 and human HepG2 cells. Its induction did not appear in AhR signaling-deficient cells, and was inhibited by the AhR antagonist, CH-223191. Etoricoxib was able to induced the translocalization of AhR from cytosol into nucleus. Etoricoxib also worked synergistically with ITE to further increase the expression of CYP1A1 mRNA and protein in human cells. The synergistic effect was higher in cells with than cells without overexpression of AhR. In summary, etoricoxib is an agonist of AhR in both mouse and human cells. Etoricoxib has a synergistic effect on ITE-induced CYP1A1 expression in human cells. The effect of etoricoxib on AhR and ITE on endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes should be further elucidated to in hope to clarify the mechanism of increased cardiovascular events in COX-2 inhibitors and etoricoxib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Ho Fang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jiun Hsu
- National Taiwan University Hospital YunLin Branch, Yunlin 640203, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jyan-Gwo Joseph Su
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan, ROC.
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2
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Ko CI, Biesiada J, Zablon HA, Zhang X, Medvedovic M, Puga A. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor directs the differentiation of murine progenitor blastomeres. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:1657-1676. [PMID: 36029422 PMCID: PMC10425484 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09755-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Key regulatory decisions during cleavage divisions in mammalian embryogenesis determine the fate of preimplantation embryonic cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing of early-stage-2-cell, 4-cell, and 8-cell-blastomeres show that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), traditionally considered as an environmental sensor, directs blastomere differentiation. Disruption of AHR functions in Ahr knockout embryos or in embryos from dams exposed to dioxin, the prototypic xenobiotic AHR agonist, significantly impairs blastocyst formation, causing repression and loss of transcriptional heterogeneity of OCT4 and CDX2 and incidence of nonspecific downregulation of pluripotency. Trajectory-the path of differentiation-and gene variability analyses further confirm that deregulation of OCT4 functions and changes of transcriptional heterogeneity resulting from disruption of AHR functions restrict the emergence of differentiating blastomeres in 4-cell embryos. It appears that AHR directs the differentiation of progenitor blastomeres and that disruption of preimplantation AHR functions may significantly perturb embryogenesis leading to long-lasting conditions at the heart of disease in offspring's adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-I Ko
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.
| | - Jacek Biesiada
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
- Center for Biostatistics, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Hesbon A Zablon
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
- Genomics, Epigenomics, and Sequencing Core, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Mario Medvedovic
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
- Center for Biostatistics, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Alvaro Puga
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
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3
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Cocci P, Mosconi G, Palermo FA. Effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on homeobox gene expression during embryonic development of cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 325:138315. [PMID: 36889469 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) commonly found in marine environments. Their bioaccumulation can cause harm to aquatic organisms, including invertebrates, particularly during the early stages of embryonic development. In this study, we evaluated, for the first time, the patterns of PAH accumulation in both capsule and embryo of common cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis). In addition, we explored the effects of PAHs by analysing the expression profiles of seven homeobox genes [i.e., gastrulation brain homeobox (GBX), paralogy group labial/Hox1 (HOX1), paralogy group Hox3 (HOX3), dorsal root ganglia homeobox (DRGX), visual system homeobox (VSX), aristaless-like homeobox (ARX) and LIM-homeodomain transcription factor (LHX3/4)]. We found that PAH levels in egg capsules were higher than those observed in chorion membranes (35.1 ± 13.3 ng/g vs 16.4 ± 5.9 ng/g). Furthermore, PAHs were also found in perivitellin fluid (11.5 ± 5.0 ng/ml). Naphthalene and acenaphthene were the congeners present at highest concentrations in each analysed egg component suggesting higher bioaccumulation rates. Embryos with high concentrations of PAHs also showed a significant increase in mRNA expression for each of the analysed homeobox genes. In particular, we observed a 15-fold increase in the ARX expression levels. Additionally, the statistically significant variation in homeobox gene expression patterns was accompanied by a concomitant increase in mRNA levels of both aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and estrogen receptor (ER). These findings suggest that bioaccumulation of PAHs may modulate developmental processes of cuttlefish embryos by targeting homeobox gene-mediated transcriptional outcomes. Mechanisms underlying the upregulation of homeobox genes could be related to the ability of PAHs to directly activate AhR- or ER-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Cocci
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, I-62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Gilberto Mosconi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, I-62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Francesco Alessandro Palermo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III Da Varano, I-62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
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4
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Watson ATD, Carmona Baez A, Jima D, Reif D, Ding J, Roberts R, Kullman SW. TCDD alters essential transcriptional regulators of osteogenic differentiation in multipotent mesenchymal stem cells. Toxicol Sci 2023; 191:149-162. [PMID: 36370075 PMCID: PMC9887680 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into bone-forming osteoblasts requires strict coordination of transcriptional pathways. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands, such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), have been shown to alter osteoblast differentiation in vitro and bone formation in multiple developmental in vivo models. The goal of the present study was to establish a global transcriptomic landscape during early, intermediate, and apical stages of osteogenic differentiation in vitro in response to TCDD exposure. Human bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) were cultured in growth media (GM), osteogenic differentiation media (ODM), or ODM containing 10 nM TCDD (ODM + TCDD), thus enabling a comparison of the transcriptomic profiles of undifferentiated, differentiated, and differentiated-TCDD-exposed hBMSCs, respectively. In this test system, exposure to TCDD attenuated the differentiation of hBMSCs into osteoblasts as evidenced by reduced alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization. At various timepoints, we observed altered expression of genes that play a role in the Wnt, fibroblast growth factor, bone morphogenetic protein/transforming growth factor beta developmental pathways, as well as pathways related to extracellular matrix organization and deposition. Reconstruction of gene regulatory networks with the interactive dynamic regulatory event miner (iDREM) analysis revealed modulation of transcription factors (TFs) including POLR3G, NR4A1, RDBP, GTF2B, POU2F2, and ZEB1, which may putatively influence osteoblast differentiation and the requisite deposition and mineralization of bone extracellular matrix. We demonstrate that the combination of RNA-Seq data in conjunction with the iDREM regulatory model captures the transcriptional dynamics underlying MSC differentiation under different conditions in vitro. Model predictions are consistent with existing knowledge and provide a new tool to identify novel pathways and TFs that may facilitate a better understanding of the osteoblast differentiation process, perturbation by exogenous agents, and potential intervention strategies targeting those specific pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- AtLee T D Watson
- Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Aldo Carmona Baez
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Dereje Jima
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - David Reif
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Jun Ding
- Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Reade Roberts
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Seth W Kullman
- Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
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5
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Cholico GN, Nault R, Zacharewski TR. Genome-Wide ChIPseq Analysis of AhR, COUP-TF, and HNF4 Enrichment in TCDD-Treated Mouse Liver. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1558. [PMID: 35163483 PMCID: PMC8836158 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor known for mediating the toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related compounds. Although the canonical mechanism of AhR activation involves heterodimerization with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator, other transcriptional regulators that interact with AhR have been identified. Enrichment analysis of motifs in AhR-bound genomic regions implicated co-operation with COUP transcription factor (COUP-TF) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4). The present study investigated AhR, HNF4α and COUP-TFII genomic binding and effects on gene expression associated with liver-specific function and cell differentiation in response to TCDD. Hepatic ChIPseq data from male C57BL/6 mice at 2 h after oral gavage with 30 µg/kg TCDD were integrated with bulk RNA-sequencing (RNAseq) time-course (2-72 h) and dose-response (0.01-30 µg/kg) datasets to assess putative AhR, HNF4α and COUP-TFII interactions associated with differential gene expression. Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified differential binding enrichment for AhR, COUP-TFII, and HNF4α to regions within liver-specific genes, suggesting intersections associated with the loss of liver-specific functions and hepatocyte differentiation. Analysis found that the repression of liver-specific, HNF4α target and hepatocyte differentiation genes, involved increased AhR and HNF4α binding with decreased COUP-TFII binding. Collectively, these results suggested TCDD-elicited loss of liver-specific functions and markers of hepatocyte differentiation involved interactions between AhR, COUP-TFII and HNF4α.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tim R. Zacharewski
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (G.N.C.); (R.N.)
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6
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Nuclear Receptors in Myocardial and Cerebral Ischemia-Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212326. [PMID: 34830207 PMCID: PMC8617737 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly 18 million people died from cardiovascular diseases in 2019, of these 85% were due to heart attack and stroke. The available therapies although efficacious, have narrow therapeutic window and long list of contraindications. Therefore, there is still an urgent need to find novel molecular targets that could protect the brain and heart against ischemia without evoking major side effects. Nuclear receptors are one of the promising targets for anti-ischemic drugs. Modulation of estrogen receptors (ERs) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) by their ligands is known to exert neuro-, and cardioprotective effects through anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory or anti-oxidant action. Recently, it has been shown that the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is strongly increased after brain or heart ischemia and evokes an activation of apoptosis or inflammation in injury site. We hypothesize that activation of ERs and PPARs and inhibition of AhR signaling pathways could be a promising strategy to protect the heart and the brain against ischemia. In this Review, we will discuss currently available knowledge on the mechanisms of action of ERs, PPARs and AhR in experimental models of stroke and myocardial infarction and future perspectives to use them as novel targets in cardiovascular diseases.
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7
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L-Tryptophan activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and induces cell cycle arrest in porcine trophectoderm cells. Theriogenology 2021; 171:137-146. [PMID: 34058506 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
During implantation, the proliferation of trophectoderm cells (the outer epithelium of blastocysts) is related to conceptus elongation and placenta formation. Tryptophan (Trp) is a key regulator of embryogenesis and embryonic implantation during pregnancy. We sought to determine whether different concentrations of Trp alters porcine trophectoderm (pTr) cell proliferation. pTr cells were cultured in medium containing 40, 500, or 1000 μM Trp. The cell proliferation rate and the progression of the cells through the cell cycle were determined. To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the pTr cells, we compared mRNA transcriptomes by RNA-Seq after cell treatment with different concentrations of Trp. Some candidate DEGs were identified by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qPCR). High L-Trp levels (500 and 1000 μM) inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest. We identified 19 DEGs between the 500 μM L-Trp and 40 μM L-Trp groups and 168 DEGs between the 1000 μM L-Trp and 40 μM L-Trp groups and subsequently used qPCR to validate some genes that were upregulated or downregulated. The functional gene networks in which the DEGs were most enriched included those associated with regulating DNA replication and the cell cycle, and the majority of the DEGs in both of these functional pathways was downregulated. The results showed that the addition of 500 and 1000 μM Trp significantly increased the abundance of proteins in the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) signaling pathway. Collectively, these results indicate a novel and important role for Trp in mediating the proliferation of porcine placental cells largely via the AHR signaling pathway. Additionally, these findings help to explain the side effects of excessive Trp supplementation on placenta development and embryo growth in mammals.
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8
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Developmental and lifelong dioxin exposure induces measurable changes in cardiac structure and function in adulthood. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10378. [PMID: 34001975 PMCID: PMC8129097 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89825-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital abnormality. A precise etiology for CHD remains elusive, but likely results from interactions between genetic and environmental factors during development, when the heart adapts to physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Further, it has become clearer that early exposure to toxins that do not result in overt CHD may be associated with adverse cardiac outcomes that are not manifested until later life. Previously, interference with endogenous developmental functions of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), either by gene ablation or by in utero exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a potent AHR ligand, was shown to cause structural, molecular and functional cardiac abnormalities and altered heart physiology in mouse embryos. Here, we show that continuous exposure to TCDD from fertilization throughout adulthood caused male mice to underperform at exercise tolerance tests compared to their control and female counterparts, confirming previous observations of a sexually dimorphic phenotype. Renin-angiotensin stimulation by angiotensin II (Ang II) caused measurable increases in blood pressure and left ventricle mass, along with decreased end diastolic volume and preserved ejection fraction. Interestingly, TCDD exposure caused measurable reductions in the myocardial hypertrophic effects of Ang II, suggesting that endogenous AHR signaling present in adulthood may play a role in the pathogenesis of hypertrophy. Overall, the findings reported in this pilot study highlight the complex systems underlying TCDD exposure in the development of cardiac dysfunction in later life.
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9
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Kou Z, Dai W. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor: Its roles in physiology. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 185:114428. [PMID: 33515530 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) was initially discovered as a cellular protein involved in mediating the detoxification of xenobiotic compounds. Extensive research in the past two decades has identified several families of physiological ligands and uncovered important functions of AHR in normal development and homeostasis. Deficiency in AHR expression disrupts major signaling systems and transcriptional programs, which appear to be responsible for the development of numerous developmental abnormalities including cardiac hypertrophy and epidermal hyperplasia. This mini review primarily summarizes recent advances in our understanding of AHR functions in normal physiology with an emphasis on the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, integumentary, nervous, and immunomodulatory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Kou
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, NY 10010, United States
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, NY 10010, United States.
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10
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Wang Z, Snyder M, Kenison JE, Yang K, Lara B, Lydell E, Bennani K, Novikov O, Federico A, Monti S, Sherr DH. How the AHR Became Important in Cancer: The Role of Chronically Active AHR in Cancer Aggression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010387. [PMID: 33396563 PMCID: PMC7795223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) was studied for its role in environmental chemical toxicity i.e., as a quirk of nature and a mediator of unintended consequences of human pollution. During that period, it was not certain that the AHR had a “normal” physiological function. However, the ongoing accumulation of data from an ever-expanding variety of studies on cancer, cancer immunity, autoimmunity, organ development, and other areas bears witness to a staggering array of AHR-controlled normal and pathological activities. The objective of this review is to discuss how the AHR has gone from a likely contributor to genotoxic environmental carcinogen-induced cancer to a master regulator of malignant cell progression and cancer aggression. Particular focus is placed on the association between AHR activity and poor cancer outcomes, feedback loops that control chronic AHR activity in cancer, and the role of chronically active AHR in driving cancer cell invasion, migration, cancer stem cell characteristics, and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyan Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Z.W.); (K.Y.); (E.L.)
| | - Megan Snyder
- Graduate Program in Genetics and Genomics, Division of Graduate Medical Sciences, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Jessica E. Kenison
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA;
| | - Kangkang Yang
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Z.W.); (K.Y.); (E.L.)
| | - Brian Lara
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (B.L.); (K.B.)
| | - Emily Lydell
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Z.W.); (K.Y.); (E.L.)
| | - Kawtar Bennani
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (B.L.); (K.B.)
| | | | - Anthony Federico
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (A.F.); (S.M.)
| | - Stefano Monti
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (A.F.); (S.M.)
| | - David H. Sherr
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA; (Z.W.); (K.Y.); (E.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-358-1707
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11
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de Gannes M, Ko CI, Zhang X, Biesiada J, Niu L, Koch SE, Medvedovic M, Rubinstein J, Puga A. Dioxin Disrupts Dynamic DNA Methylation Patterns in Genes That Govern Cardiomyocyte Maturation. Toxicol Sci 2020; 178:325-337. [PMID: 33017471 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD), the leading birth defect worldwide, has a largely unknown etiology, likely to result from complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors during heart development, at a time when the heart adapts to diverse physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Crucial among these is the regulation of cardiomyocyte development and postnatal maturation, governed by dynamic changes in DNA methylation. Previous work from our laboratory has shown that exposure to the environmental toxicant tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) disrupts several molecular networks responsible for heart development and function. To test the hypothesis that the disruption caused by TCDD in the heart results from changes in DNA methylation and gene expression patterns of cardiomyocytes, we established a stable mouse embryonic stem cell line expressing a puromycin resistance selectable marker under control of the cardiomyocyte-specific Nkx2-5 promoter. Differentiation of these cells in the presence of puromycin induces the expression of a large suite of cardiomyocyte-specific markers. To assess the consequences of TCDD treatment on gene expression and DNA methylation in these cardiomyocytes, we subjected them to transcriptome and methylome analyses in the presence of TCDD. Unlike control cardiomyocytes maintained in vehicle, the TCDD-treated cardiomyocytes showed extensive gene expression changes, with a significant correlation between differential RNA expression and DNA methylation in 111 genes, many of which are key elements of pathways that regulate cardiovascular development and function. Our findings provide an important clue toward the elucidation of the complex interactions between genetic and epigenetic mechanisms after developmental TCDD exposure that may contribute to CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew de Gannes
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics
| | - Chia-I Ko
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics
| | - Jacek Biesiada
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics
| | - Liang Niu
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics
| | - Sheryl E Koch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Mario Medvedovic
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics
| | - Jack Rubinstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Alvaro Puga
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics
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12
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Yue T, Sun F, Yang C, Wang F, Luo J, Yang P, Xiong F, Zhang S, Yu Q, Wang CY. The AHR Signaling Attenuates Autoimmune Responses During the Development of Type 1 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1510. [PMID: 32849515 PMCID: PMC7426364 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcriptional factor widely expressed in immune cells. Its ligands range from xenobiotics and natural substances to metabolites, which renders it capable of sensing and responding to a variety of environmental cues. Although AHR signaling has long been recognized to be implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), colitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), its effect on the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains less understood. In this review, we intend to summarize its potential implication in T1D pathogenesis and to sort out the related regulatory mechanisms in different types of immune cells. Emerging evidence supports that β cell destruction caused by autoimmune responses can be rectified by AHR signaling. Upon activation by its ligands, AHR not only modulates the development and functionality of immune cells, but also suppresses the expression of inflammatory cytokines, through which AHR attenuates autoimmune responses during the course of T1D development. Since AHR-initiated biological effects vary between different types of ligands, additional studies would be necessary to characterize or de novo synthesize effective and safe ligands aimed to replenish our arsenal in fighting autoimmune responses and β mass loss in a T1D setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Yue
- Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital Research Building, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital Research Building, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunliang Yang
- Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital Research Building, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Faxi Wang
- Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital Research Building, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiahui Luo
- Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital Research Building, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital Research Building, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Xiong
- Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital Research Building, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital Research Building, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qilin Yu
- Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital Research Building, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong-Yi Wang
- Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital Research Building, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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13
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Tao Y, Liu X, Cui L, Liu X, Chen Y, He Z, Ji M, Gao Z, Li N, Wan Z, Yu Z. Oct4 plays a role in 2, 3, 7, 8 - tetrachlorobenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) inducing cleft palate and inhibiting mesenchymal proliferation. Toxicology 2020; 438:152444. [PMID: 32283119 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As a common birth defect, Cleft palate can be caused by the disturbance during the developmental process of the palatal shelves. The 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD) is a well-known environmental teratogenic agent for cleft palate and Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway can be activated by dioxins. Oct4 as a pluripotent stem cell transcription factor is also involved in the process of embryonic development. The AHR and retinoid receptors have cross-talk at CYP1A1 (cytochrome P450, family 1, subfamily A, polypeptide 1) promoter. There are also bidirectional talk between AhR and Oct4. In this study, we used C57/BL6 N mice and TCDD (64 μg/Kg body weight) to establish a model of fetal cleft palate to observe the effects of dioxin on fetal mesenchymal proliferation and apoptosis, and explore the role of Oct4 in inducing cleft palate. The results showed that dioxin inhibited mesenchymal proliferation and promoted apoptosis. In addition, dioxin inhibited Oct4 expression, and preliminary data suggest that hypermethylation of the Oct4 promoter may be a putative mechanism, suggesting that TCDD might induce cleft palate by inhibiting the proliferation of palatal mesenchymal cells mediated by Oct4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchang Tao
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaozhuan Liu
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 of Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lingling Cui
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhidong He
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Mengmeng Ji
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhan Gao
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 3 of Kangfu Front Street, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Ning Li
- Henan Agricultural University, No. 63 of Agricultural Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zhongxiao Wan
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Zengli Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 of Science Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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14
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Jin H, Ji C, Ren F, Aniagu S, Tong J, Jiang Y, Chen T. AHR-mediated oxidative stress contributes to the cardiac developmental toxicity of trichloroethylene in zebrafish embryos. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 385:121521. [PMID: 31699484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE), a widely used chlorinated solvent, is a common environmental pollutant. Current evidence shows that TCE could induce heart defects during embryonic development, but the underlining mechanism(s) remain unclear. Since activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) could induce oxidative stress, we hypothesized that AHR-mediated oxidative stress may play a role in the cardiac developmental toxicity of TCE. In this study, we found that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), and AHR inhibitors, CH223191 (CH) and StemRegenin 1, significantly counteracted the TCE-induced heart malformations in zebrafish embryos. Moreover, both CH and NAC suppressed TCE-induced ROS and 8-OHdG (8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine). TCE did not affect ahr2 and cyp1a expression, but increased cyp1b1 expression, which was restored by CH supplementation. CH also attenuated the TCE-induced mRNA expression changes of Nrf2 signalling genes (nrf2b, gstp2, sod2, ho1, nqo1) and cardiac differentiation genes (gata4, hand2, c-fos, sox9b). In addition, the TCE enhanced SOD activity was attenuated by CH. Morpholino knockdown confirmed that AHR mediated the TCE-induced ROS and 8-OHdG generation in the heart of zebrafish embryos. In conclusion, our results suggest that AHR mediates TCE-induced oxidative stress, leading to DNA damage and heart malformations in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Jin
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Cheng Ji
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Fei Ren
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Stanley Aniagu
- Toxicology, Risk Assessment and Research Division, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, 12015 Park 35 Cir, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jian Tong
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China.
| | - Tao Chen
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, PR China.
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15
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Zhang Y, Wang S, Huang Y, Yang K, Liu Y, Bi X, Liu C, Xiong J, Zhang B, Zhao J, Nie L. Inhibition of CYP1B1 ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy induced by uremic toxin. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:393-404. [PMID: 31746392 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the predominant complication and leading cause of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Previous studies have revealed that uremic toxins, including indoxyl sulfate (IS), participate in cardiac hypertrophy. As a heme‑thiolate monooxygenase, cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily B member 1 (CYP1B1) is able to metabolize arachidonic acid into hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, which are thought to serve a central function in the pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system. However, whether CYP1B1 is involved in cardiac hypertrophy induced by uremic toxins remains unknown. The present study revealed that the expression of the CYP1B1 gene was significantly (P<0.05, CKD or IS vs. control) upregulated by CKD serum or IS at the transcriptional and translational level. Furthermore, IS treatment resulted in the nuclear translocation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), an endogenous ligand of IS. Binding of AhR in the promoter region of CYP1B1 was confirmed using a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay in the cardiomyoblast H9c2 cell line. In addition, knockdown of AhR or CYP1B1 reversed the production of cardiac hypertrophy markers. The in vivo injection of a CYP1B1 inhibitor significantly (P<0.05, Inhibitor vs. control) attenuated cardiac hypertrophy in mice. The data from the present study clearly demonstrated that CYP1B1 was involved in cardiac hypertrophy induced by uremic toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for The Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Shaobo Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for The Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Yinghui Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for The Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Ke Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for The Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for The Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Xianjin Bi
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for The Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for The Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Jiachuan Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for The Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for The Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Jinghong Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for The Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
| | - Ling Nie
- Department of Nephrology, The Key Laboratory for The Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400037, P.R. China
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16
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Wu PY, Chuang PY, Chang GD, Chan YY, Tsai TC, Wang BJ, Lin KH, Hsu WM, Liao YF, Lee H. Novel Endogenous Ligands of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Mediate Neural Development and Differentiation of Neuroblastoma. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:4031-4042. [PMID: 31404492 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling has been suggested to play roles in various physiological functions independent of its xenobiotic activity, including cell cycle regulation, immune response, and embryonic development. Several endogenous ligands were also identified by high-throughput screening techniques. However, the mechanism by which these molecules mediate AHR signaling in certain functions is still elusive. In this study, we investigated the possible pathway through which AHR and its endogenous ligands regulate neural development. We first identified two neuroactive steroids, 3α,5α-tetrahydrocorticosterone and 3α,5β-tetrahydrocorticosterone (5α- and 5β-THB), as novel AHR endogenous ligands through the use of an ultrasensitive dioxin-like compound bioassay and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). We then treated zebrafish embryos with 5α- and 5β-THB, which enhance the expression of neurogenesis marker HuC. Furthermore, 5α- and 5β-THB both enhanced the expression of myelinating glial cell markers, sex determining region Y-box 10 (Sox10), and myelin-associated proteins myelin basic protein (Mbp) and improved the mobility of zebrafish larvae via the Ahr2 pathway. These results indicated that AHR mediates zebrafish neurogenesis and gliogenesis, especially the differentiation of oligodendrocyte or Schwann cells. Additionally, we showed that these molecules may induce neuroblastoma (NB) cell differentiation suggesting therapeutic potential of 5α- and 5β-THB in NB treatment. In summary, our results reveal that 5α- and 5β-THB are endogenous ligands of AHR and have therapeutic potential for NB treatment. By the interaction with THB, AHR signaling regulates various aspects of neural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yi Wu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yun Chuang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Geen-Dong Chang
- Institute of Biochemical Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yun Chan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ching Tsai
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Jeng Wang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hung Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ming Hsu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Feng Liao
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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17
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Luo Y, Xie HQ, Chen Y, Xia Y, Sha R, Liu Y, Ma Y, Xu T, Xu L, Wah-Keung Tsim K, Zhao B. Effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure on acetylcholinesterase during myogenic differentiation of contractile rat primary skeletal muscle cells. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 308:164-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Guo S, Zhang R, Liu Q, Wan Q, Wang Y, Yu Y, Liu G, Shen Y, Yu Y, Zhang J. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin promotes injury-induced vascular neointima formation in mice. FASEB J 2019; 33:10207-10217. [PMID: 31216422 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900546r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is an environmental pollutant that causes cardiovascular toxicity. The phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from the contractile to the synthetic phenotype is a hallmark of vascular response to injury. However, the precise role and molecular mechanism of TCDD in vascular remodeling remains unknown. In the present study, we found that TCDD treatment promoted VSMC phenotypic transition from contractile to synthetic phenotype and exaggerated vascular neointimal hyperplasia after wire injury in mice. TCDD treatment enhanced VSMC entry into cell cycle from G0/G1 phase to S and G2/M phase. The expression of cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), and its phosphorylation were coordinately increased in response to TCDD treatment. Knocking down of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) inhibited VSMC phenotypic transition induced by TCDD and promoted S/G2 phase cell cycle arrest. TCDD treatment markedly increased oncogenic c-Jun gene expression in VSMCs. ChIP assay revealed the direct binding of AHR on the promoter of c-Jun to up-regulate the mRNA expression of c-Jun. Silencing of c-Jun gene enhanced the expression of p53 and p21, whereas attenuated the expression of CDK4 and cyclin D1 leading to the decrease in the TCDD-stimulated VSMC proliferation and synthetic phenotype transition in vitro. In vivo study showed that genetic ablation of c-Jun in VSMCs restricted injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia in TCDD-treated mice. Thus, TCDD exposure exaggerated injury-induced vascular remodeling by the activation of AHR and up-regulation of the expression of its target gene c-Jun, indicating that inhibition of AHR may be a promising prevention strategy for TCDD-associated cardiovascular diseases.-Guo, S., Zhang, R., Liu, Q., Wan, Q., Wang, Y., Yu, Y., Liu, G., Shen, Y., Yu, Y., Zhang, J. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin promotes injury-induced vascular neointima formation in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiangyou Wan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism, and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Yu
- Department of Pediatric Cardiovascular, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guizhu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujun Shen
- Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism, and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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19
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Fu H, Wang L, Wang J, Bennett BD, Li JL, Zhao B, Hu G. Dioxin and AHR impairs mesoderm gene expression and cardiac differentiation in human embryonic stem cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:1038-1046. [PMID: 30266049 PMCID: PMC6547817 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Dioxin and dioxin-related polychlorinated biphenyls are potent toxicants with association with developmental heart defects and congenital heart diseases. However, the underlying mechanism of their developmental toxicity is not fully understood. Further, different animals show distinct susceptibility and phenotypes after exposure, suggesting possible species-specific effects. Using a human embryonic stem cell (ESC) cardiomyocyte differentiation model, we examined the impact, susceptible window, and dosage of 2,3,7,8‑tetrachlorodibenzo‑p‑dioxin (TCDD) on human cardiac development. We showed that treatment of human ESCs with TCDD at the ESC stage inhibits cardiomyocyte differentiation, and the effect is largely mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). We further identified genes that are differentially expressed after TCDD treatment by RNA-sequencing, and genomic regions that are occupied by AHR by chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing. Our results support the model that TCDD impairs human ESC cardiac differentiation by promoting AHR binding and repression of key mesoderm genes. More importantly, our study demonstrates the toxicity of dioxin in human embryonic development and uncovered a novel mechanism by which dioxin and AHR regulates lineage commitment. It also illustrates the power of ESC-based models in the systematic study of developmental toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Brian D Bennett
- Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Jian-Liang Li
- Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Guang Hu
- Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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20
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Pulignani S, Borghini A, Vecoli C, Foffa I, Ait-Ali L, Andreassi MG. A Functional Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Genetic Variant, Alone and in Combination with Parental Exposure, is a Risk Factor for Congenital Heart Disease. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2019; 18:261-267. [PMID: 29185192 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-017-9436-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent experimental studies showed that ablation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) as well as its activation by exogenous ligands disrupt the molecular networks involved in heart formation and function, leading to congenital heart disease (CHD). However, no evidence is available about the role of AhR in humans. We assessed the prevalence of a functional AhR genetic variant (p.Arg554Lys) in CHD patients as well as its joint effects with parental exposure. A total of 128 CHD patients (76 males; age 6.2 ± 6.7 years) and 274 controls (160 males; age at birth) were genotyped for the AhR polymorphism by using the TaqMan® Drug Metabolism Genotyping assay. Both case and control parents completed a structured questionnaire on demographic, lifestyle and preconception exposures. Genotype (p = 0.001) and allele (p < 0.0001) distributions of AhR p.Arg554Lys differed significantly between patients and controls. A significant elevated CHD risk was found under dominant (OR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.9-4.6, p < 0.0001) and additive genetic models (OR = 6.2, 95% CI 2-19, p = 0.001). There was a significant interaction between 554-Lys allele and paternal smoking exposure (ORsmoking = 1.6, 95% CI = 0.9-2.9; ORallele = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.3-5; ORinteraction = 4.9, 95% CI = 2.4-9.9, p interaction < 0.0001). Additionally, 554-Lys allele exacerbated the effect of maternal periconceptional exposure (ORexposure = 1.6, 95% CI = 0.8-3; ORallele = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.5-4.5; ORinteraction = 5.7; 95% CI = 2.6-12, p interaction < 0.0001). Our findings showed that the AhR p.Arg554Lys polymorphism, alone and in combination with parental exposures, is associated with the CHD risk, highlighting the significant role of AhR in the cardiovascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pulignani
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Andrea Borghini
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cecilia Vecoli
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ilenia Foffa
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lamia Ait-Ali
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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21
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Chen T, Jin H, Wang H, Yao Y, Aniagu S, Tong J, Jiang Y. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor mediates the cardiac developmental toxicity of EOM from PM 2.5 in P19 embryonic carcinoma cells. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 216:372-378. [PMID: 30384306 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been found to be associated with congenital heart defects, but the molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Our previous study revealed that extractable organic matter (EOM) from PM2.5 exerted cardiac developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos. The aim of the current study is to explore the effects of EOM on cardiac differentiation of P19 mouse embryonic carcinoma stem cells. We found that EOM at 10 μg/ml (a non-cytotoxic dose level) significantly reduced the proportion of cardiac muscle troponin (cTnT) positive cells and the percentage of spontaneously beating embryoid bodies, indicating a severe inhibition of cardiac differentiation. Immunofluorescence and qPCR data demonstrated that EOM increased the expression levels of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and its target gene Cyp1A1 and diminished the expression level of β-catenin. Furthermore, EOM treatment significantly upregulated cell proliferation rate and elevated the percentage of γH2A.X positive cells without affecting apoptosis. It is worth noting that the EOM-induced changes in gene expression, cellular proliferation and DNA double strain breaks were attenuated by the AhR antagonist CH223191. In conclusion, our data indicate that AhR mediates the inhibitory effects of EOM (from PM2.5) on the cardiac differentiation of P19 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Jin
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yugang Yao
- Suzhou Environmental Monitor Center, Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Combined Pollution Monitoring, Environmental Protection Department of Jiangsu Province, Suzhou, China
| | - Stanley Aniagu
- Toxicology Division, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jian Tong
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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22
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Wang Q, Fan Y, Kurita H, Jiang M, Koch S, Rao MB, Rubinstein J, Puga A. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Ablation in Cardiomyocytes Protects Male Mice From Heart Dysfunction Induced by NKX2.5 Haploinsufficiency. Toxicol Sci 2018; 160:74-82. [PMID: 28973413 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies in humans and research in vertebrates indicates that developmental exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a ubiquitous and biopersistent environmental toxicant, is associated with incidence of early congenital heart disease in the embryo and later in the adult. TCDD-mediated toxicity depends on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) but the role of the TCDD-activated AHR in cardiac function is not well-defined. To characterize the mechanisms responsible for AHR-mediated disruption of heart function, we generated several mouse strains with cardiomyocyte-specific Ahr gene knockout. Here, we report results on one of these strains in which the Ahr gene was deleted by cre recombinase regulated by the promoter of the cardiomyocyte-specific Nkx2.5 gene. We crossed mice with loxP-targeted Ahrfx/fx alleles with Nkx2.5+/cre mice bearing a "knock-in" cre recombinase gene integrated into one of the Nkx2.5 alleles. In these mice, loss of one Nkx2.5 allele is associated with disrupted cardiac development. In males, Nkx2.5 hemizygosity resulted in cardiac haploinsufficiency characterized by hypertrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy, and impaired ejection fraction. Ahr ablation protected Nkx2.5+/cre haploinsufficient males from cardiac dysfunction while inducing a significant increase in body weight. These effects were absent or largely blunted in females. Starting at 3 months of age, mice were exposed by oral gavage to 1 μg/kg/week of TCDD or control vehicle for an additional 2 months. TCDD exposure restored cardiac physiology in aging males, appearing to compensate for the heart dysfunction caused by Nkx2.5 hemizygosity. Our findings underscore the conclusion that deletion of the Ahr gene in cardiomyocytes protects males from heart dysfunction due to NKX2.5 haploinsufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics
| | - Yunxia Fan
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics
| | - Hisaka Kurita
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine Cardiology Division, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Sheryl Koch
- Department of Internal Medicine Cardiology Division, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Marepalli B Rao
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics
| | - Jack Rubinstein
- Department of Internal Medicine Cardiology Division, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Alvaro Puga
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics
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Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor: A New Player of Pathogenesis and Therapy in Cardiovascular Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6058784. [PMID: 29984241 PMCID: PMC6015699 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6058784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a DNA binding protein that acts as a nuclear receptor mediating xenobiotic metabolism and environmental responses. Owing to the evolutionary conservation of this gene and its widespread expression in the immune and circulatory systems, AhR has for many years been almost exclusively studied by the pharmacological/toxicological field for its role in contaminant toxicity. More recently, the functions of AhR in environmental adaption have been examined in the context of the occurrence, development, and therapy of cardiovascular diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that AhR is involved in maintaining homeostasis or in triggering pathogenesis by modulating the biological responses of critical cell types in the cardiovascular system. Here, we describe the structure, distribution, and ligands of AhR and the AhR signaling pathway and review the impact of AhR on cardiovascular physiology. We also discuss the potential contribution of AhR as a new potential factor in the targeted treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Choudhary M, Safe S, Malek G. Suppression of aberrant choroidal neovascularization through activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:1583-1595. [PMID: 29481912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand activated transcription factor, initially discovered for its role in regulating xenobiotic metabolism. There is extensive evidence supporting a multi-faceted role for AhR, modulating physiological pathways important in cell health and disease. Recently we demonstrated that the AhR plays a role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of vision loss in the elderly. We found that loss of AhR exacerbates choroidal neovascular (CNV) lesion formation in a murine model. Herein we tested the therapeutic impact of AhR activation on CNV lesion formation and factors associated with aberrant neovascularization. We screened a panel of synthetic drugs and endogenous AhR ligands, assessed their ability to activate AhR in choroidal endothelial cells, and inhibit angiogenesis in vitro. Drugs with an anti-angiogenic profile were then administered to a murine model of CNV. Two compounds, leflunomide and flutamide, significantly inhibited CNV formation concurrent with positive modifying effects on angiogenesis, inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and fibrosis. These results validate the role of the AhR pathway in regulating CNV pathogenesis, identify mechanisms of AhR-based therapies in the eye, and argue in favor of developing AhR as a drug target for the treatment of neovascular AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur Choudhary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Stephen Safe
- Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Goldis Malek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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25
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Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR): "pioneer member" of the basic-helix/loop/helix per-Arnt-sim (bHLH/PAS) family of "sensors" of foreign and endogenous signals. Prog Lipid Res 2017; 67:38-57. [PMID: 28606467 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The basic-helix/loop/helix per-Arnt-sim (bHLH/PAS) family comprises many transcription factors, found throughout all three kingdoms of life; bHLH/PAS members "sense" innumerable intracellular and extracellular "signals" - including endogenous compounds, foreign chemicals, gas molecules, redox potential, photons (light), gravity, heat, and osmotic pressure. These signals then initiate downstream signaling pathways involved in responding to that signal. The term "PAS", abbreviation for "per-Arnt-sim" was first coined in 1991. Although the mouse Arnt gene was not identified until 1991, evidence of its co-transcriptional binding partner, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), was first reported in 1974 as a "sensor" of foreign chemicals, up-regulating cytochrome P450 family 1 (CYP1) and other enzyme activities that usually metabolize the signaling chemical. Within a few years, AHR was proposed also to participate in inflammation. The mouse [Ah] locus was shown (1973-1989) to be relevant to chemical carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, toxicity and teratogenesis, the mouse Ahr gene was cloned in 1992, and the first Ahr(-/-) knockout mouse line was reported in 1995. After thousands of studies from the early 1970s to present day, we now realize that AHR participates in dozens of signaling pathways involved in critical-life processes, affecting virtually every organ and cell-type in the animal, including many invertebrates.
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Abstract
Recent evidence from embryonic stem cells suggests that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) plays a central role in the regulation of pluripotency, a short-lived property of cells in the early blastula inner cell mass (ICM). Four key observations support this conclusion. The first is the temporal association between upregulation of AHR expression and the onset of cell differentiation, which argues for the AHR as a determinant of cell fate decisions. The second is the repression of the pluripotency factors OCT4 and NANOG by the AHR, which depresses their function and contributes to the cell's exit from pluripotency. The third is the temporal association between changes in global DNA methylation and stage-dependent AHR expression, which parallel each other during embryonic development, suggesting that AHR helps configure a repressive chromatin structure that controls differentiation. The fourth is the incidence of early developmental aberrations that take place in Ahr-null mice and cause the disruption of their embryonic program, which is likely to be a consequence of the loss of pluripotency of the Ahr-/- ICM cells. In this short review, we will focus on the modulation of pluripotency as a novel function of the AHR, and on the potentially detrimental developmental outcomes that may result from exposure to environmental toxicants. This line of enquiry brings us to the tantalizing conclusion that by activating mechanisms that modulate pluripotency, AHR regulates embryonic development. The likelihood that exposure to environmental AHR ligands might disrupt developmental processes is a reasonable corollary to this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-I Ko
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
| | - Alvaro Puga
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267, USA
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Kawajiri K, Fujii-Kuriyama Y. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor: a multifunctional chemical sensor for host defense and homeostatic maintenance. Exp Anim 2016; 66:75-89. [PMID: 27980293 PMCID: PMC5411294 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.16-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a pivotal chemical sensor that transduces
extrinsic and intrinsic signals into cellular responses. AHR was originally thought to be
involved in not only drug metabolism but also carcinogenic and toxicological responses
against environmental contaminants, such as
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons. However, recent studies demonstrate that the AHR plays multiple intrinsic
roles in host defense and homeostasis as well, including immunity, stem cell maintenance,
and cell differentiation, upon binding with an increasing number of newly defined dietary,
cellular, and microbe-derived ligands. In addition, AHR is a convergence point for several
signaling cascades, which may be involved in the diverse diseases caused by binding of the
persistent ligand TCDD with extremely high affinity to AHR. A comprehensive understanding
of physiological and pathological processes initiated by endogenous AHR agonists and
antagonists may allow for the therapeutic regulation of AHR activity. Thus, the AHR can be
a valuable diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaname Kawajiri
- Research Institute for Clinical Oncology, Saitama Cancer Center, 818 Komuro, Ina-machi, Saitama 362-0806, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Fujii-Kuriyama
- Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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Vecoli C, Pulignani S, Andreassi MG. Genetic and Epigenetic Mechanisms Linking Air Pollution and Congenital Heart Disease. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2016; 3:jcdd3040032. [PMID: 29367575 PMCID: PMC5715723 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd3040032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies strongly suggest that parental air pollutants exposure during the periconceptional period may play a major role in causing fetal/newborn malformations, including a frequent heterogeneity in the methods applied and a difficulty in estimating the clear effect of environmental toxicants. Moreover, only some couples exposed to toxicants during the pre-conception period give birth to a child with congenital anomalies. The reasons for such phenomena remain elusive but they can be explained by the individual, innate ability to metabolize these contaminants that eventually defines the ultimate dose of a biological active toxicant. In this paper, we reviewed the major evidence regarding the role of parental air pollutant exposure on congenital heart disease (CHD) risk as well as the modulating effect on detoxification systems. Finally, major epigenetic alterations induced by adverse environment contaminants have been revised as possible mechanisms altering a correct heart morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Vecoli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-National Research Council (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Silvia Pulignani
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-National Research Council (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Andreassi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology-National Research Council (CNR), Via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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29
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Novikov O, Wang Z, Stanford EA, Parks AJ, Ramirez-Cardenas A, Landesman E, Laklouk I, Sarita-Reyes C, Gusenleitner D, Li A, Monti S, Manteiga S, Lee K, Sherr DH. An Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Mediated Amplification Loop That Enforces Cell Migration in ER-/PR-/Her2- Human Breast Cancer Cells. Mol Pharmacol 2016; 90:674-688. [PMID: 27573671 PMCID: PMC5074452 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.105361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The endogenous ligand-activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) plays an important role in numerous biologic processes. As the known number of AHR-mediated processes grows, so too does the importance of determining what endogenous AHR ligands are produced, how their production is regulated, and what biologic consequences ensue. Consequently, our studies were designed primarily to determine whether ER−/PR−/Her2− breast cancer cells have the potential to produce endogenous AHR ligands and, if so, how production of these ligands is controlled. We postulated that: 1) malignant cells produce tryptophan-derived AHR ligand(s) through the kynurenine pathway; 2) these metabolites have the potential to drive AHR-dependent breast cancer migration; 3) the AHR controls expression of a rate-limiting kynurenine pathway enzyme(s) in a closed amplification loop; and 4) environmental AHR ligands mimic the effects of endogenous ligands. Data presented in this work indicate that primary human breast cancers, and their metastases, express high levels of AHR and tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO); representative ER−/PR−/Her2− cell lines express TDO and produce sufficient intracellular kynurenine and xanthurenic acid concentrations to chronically activate the AHR. TDO overexpression, or excess kynurenine or xanthurenic acid, accelerates migration in an AHR-dependent fashion. Environmental AHR ligands 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo[p]dioxin and benzo[a]pyrene mimic this effect. AHR knockdown or inhibition significantly reduces TDO2 expression. These studies identify, for the first time, a positive amplification loop in which AHR-dependent TDO2 expression contributes to endogenous AHR ligand production. The net biologic effect of AHR activation by endogenous ligands, which can be mimicked by environmental ligands, is an increase in tumor cell migration, a measure of tumor aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Novikov
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., Z.W., E.A.S., A.J.P., A.R.-C., D.H.S.); Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., E.A.S.); Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (D.G., A.L., S.Mo.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (E.L., I.L., C.S.-R.); and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts (S.Ma., K.L.)
| | - Zhongyan Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., Z.W., E.A.S., A.J.P., A.R.-C., D.H.S.); Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., E.A.S.); Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (D.G., A.L., S.Mo.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (E.L., I.L., C.S.-R.); and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts (S.Ma., K.L.)
| | - Elizabeth A Stanford
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., Z.W., E.A.S., A.J.P., A.R.-C., D.H.S.); Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., E.A.S.); Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (D.G., A.L., S.Mo.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (E.L., I.L., C.S.-R.); and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts (S.Ma., K.L.)
| | - Ashley J Parks
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., Z.W., E.A.S., A.J.P., A.R.-C., D.H.S.); Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., E.A.S.); Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (D.G., A.L., S.Mo.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (E.L., I.L., C.S.-R.); and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts (S.Ma., K.L.)
| | - Alejandra Ramirez-Cardenas
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., Z.W., E.A.S., A.J.P., A.R.-C., D.H.S.); Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., E.A.S.); Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (D.G., A.L., S.Mo.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (E.L., I.L., C.S.-R.); and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts (S.Ma., K.L.)
| | - Esther Landesman
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., Z.W., E.A.S., A.J.P., A.R.-C., D.H.S.); Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., E.A.S.); Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (D.G., A.L., S.Mo.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (E.L., I.L., C.S.-R.); and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts (S.Ma., K.L.)
| | - Israa Laklouk
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., Z.W., E.A.S., A.J.P., A.R.-C., D.H.S.); Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., E.A.S.); Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (D.G., A.L., S.Mo.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (E.L., I.L., C.S.-R.); and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts (S.Ma., K.L.)
| | - Carmen Sarita-Reyes
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., Z.W., E.A.S., A.J.P., A.R.-C., D.H.S.); Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., E.A.S.); Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (D.G., A.L., S.Mo.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (E.L., I.L., C.S.-R.); and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts (S.Ma., K.L.)
| | - Daniel Gusenleitner
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., Z.W., E.A.S., A.J.P., A.R.-C., D.H.S.); Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., E.A.S.); Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (D.G., A.L., S.Mo.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (E.L., I.L., C.S.-R.); and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts (S.Ma., K.L.)
| | - Amy Li
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., Z.W., E.A.S., A.J.P., A.R.-C., D.H.S.); Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., E.A.S.); Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (D.G., A.L., S.Mo.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (E.L., I.L., C.S.-R.); and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts (S.Ma., K.L.)
| | - Stefano Monti
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., Z.W., E.A.S., A.J.P., A.R.-C., D.H.S.); Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., E.A.S.); Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (D.G., A.L., S.Mo.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (E.L., I.L., C.S.-R.); and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts (S.Ma., K.L.)
| | - Sara Manteiga
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., Z.W., E.A.S., A.J.P., A.R.-C., D.H.S.); Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., E.A.S.); Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (D.G., A.L., S.Mo.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (E.L., I.L., C.S.-R.); and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts (S.Ma., K.L.)
| | - Kyongbum Lee
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., Z.W., E.A.S., A.J.P., A.R.-C., D.H.S.); Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., E.A.S.); Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (D.G., A.L., S.Mo.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (E.L., I.L., C.S.-R.); and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts (S.Ma., K.L.)
| | - David H Sherr
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., Z.W., E.A.S., A.J.P., A.R.-C., D.H.S.); Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, Boston, Massachusetts (O.N., E.A.S.); Department of Medicine, Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (D.G., A.L., S.Mo.); Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts (E.L., I.L., C.S.-R.); and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts (S.Ma., K.L.)
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30
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Hu T, Wang D, Yu Q, Li L, Mo X, Pan Z, Zouboulis CC, Peng L, Xia L, Ju Q. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor negatively regulates lipid synthesis and involves in cell differentiation of SZ95 sebocytes in vitro. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 258:52-8. [PMID: 27544633 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is the receptor for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and other exogenous compounds. In human sebocytes, TCDD and BaP were found to activate the expression of multiple genes, including cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), and inhibit lipid synthesis via AhR, while little is known about endogenous functions of the AhR. In order to expand this knowledge, we analyzed the impact of AhR knockdown on lipid synthesis as well as on cell differentiation of SZ95 sebocytes in vitro and observed that lipid synthesis was significantly induced in AhR silenced SZ95 sebocytes. In line with this result, expression of lipogenesis-associated genes, such as peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) δ and PPARγ, was increased. Morphological changes with smaller cells in size but more abundant cytoplasmic lipids were observed in AhR silenced SZ95 sebocytes compared with the AhR activated cells. Besides, the expression of keratin 7, an early sebaceous differentiation marker, was increased, while the expression of the terminal sebocyte differentiation marker epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) was reduced. Moreover, the terminal keratinocyte differentiation markers keratin 10 and involucrin, and the AhR downstream protein CYP1A1 were reduced after AhR silencing. To the best of our knowledge, we provide evidence that in the absence of exogenous ligands, the AhR inhibits lipid synthesis and involves in cell differentiation of human SZ95 sebocytes, which indicates the physiological function of this receptor in human sebocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Duo Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital and Division of Medical Genetics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qian Yu
- Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Li Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital and Division of Medical Genetics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Mo
- Shanghai Dermatology Hospital, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhanyan Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Christos C Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Dessau, Germany
| | - Luying Peng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at East Hospital and Division of Medical Genetics, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Longqing Xia
- Department of Dermatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qiang Ju
- Department of Dermatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.
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31
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Ko CI, Fan Y, de Gannes M, Wang Q, Xia Y, Puga A. Repression of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Is Required to Maintain Mitotic Progression and Prevent Loss of Pluripotency of Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2016; 34:2825-2839. [DOI: 10.1002/stem.2456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-I Ko
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Yunxia Fan
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Matthew de Gannes
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio USA
| | - Alvaro Puga
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati Ohio USA
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Laiosa MD, Tate ER, Ahrenhoerster LS, Chen Y, Wang D. Effects of Developmental Activation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor by 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on Long-term Self-renewal of Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2016; 124:957-65. [PMID: 26495820 PMCID: PMC4937855 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1509820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human epidemiological and animal studies suggest that developmental exposure to contaminants that activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) lead to suppression of immune system function throughout life. The persistence of immune deficiency throughout life suggests that the cellular target of AHR activation is a fetal hematopoietic progenitor or stem cell. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to identify the effects of transplacental exposure to an AHR agonist on long-term self-renewal of fetal hematopoietic stem cells. METHODS Pregnant C57BL/6 or AHR+/- mice were exposed to the AHR agonist, 2,3,7,8-tetra-chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). On day 14 of gestation, hematopoietic progenitors from wild-type or AHR-deficient fetuses were placed into in vitro T-lymphocyte differentiation cultures to identify the effects of transplacental TCDD on AHR activation in the fetus. We next analyzed the fetal hematopoietic progenitor cells for changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS). Finally, hematopoietic progenitors from fetuses exposed transplacentally to TCDD were mixed 1:1 with cells from congenic controls and used to reconstitute lethally irradiated recipients for analysis of long-term self-renewal potential. RESULTS Our findings suggested that the effects of TCDD on the developing hematopoietic system were mediated by direct AHR activation in the fetus. Furthermore, developmental AHR activation by TCDD increased ROS in the fetal hematopoietic stem cells, and the elevated ROS was associated with a reduced capacity of the TCDD-exposed fetal cells to compete with control cells in a mixed competitive irradiation/reconstitution assay. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that AHR activation by TCDD in the fetus during pregnancy leads to impairment of long-term self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells. CITATION Laiosa MD, Tate ER, Ahrenhoerster LS, Chen Y, Wang D. 2016. Effects of developmental activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on long-term self-renewal of murine hematopoietic stem cells. Environ Health Perspect 124:957-965; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1509820.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Laiosa
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Address correspondence to M.D. Laiosa, Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, 3335 North Maryland Ave., Kenwood Interdisciplinary Complex Room 5071, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA. Telephone: (414) 229-2279. E-mail:
| | - Everett R. Tate
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Lori S. Ahrenhoerster
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Demin Wang
- Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Kurita H, Carreira VS, Fan Y, Jiang M, Naticchioni M, Koch S, Rubinstein J, Puga A. Ah receptor expression in cardiomyocytes protects adult female mice from heart dysfunction induced by TCDD exposure. Toxicology 2016; 355-356:9-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Stanford EA, Wang Z, Novikov O, Mulas F, Landesman-Bollag E, Monti S, Smith BW, Seldin DC, Murphy GJ, Sherr DH. The role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the development of cells with the molecular and functional characteristics of cancer stem-like cells. BMC Biol 2016; 14:20. [PMID: 26984638 PMCID: PMC4794823 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-016-0240-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-renewing, chemoresistant breast cancer stem cells are believed to contribute significantly to cancer invasion, migration and patient relapse. Therefore, the identification of signaling pathways that regulate the acquisition of stem-like qualities is an important step towards understanding why patients relapse and towards development of novel therapeutics that specifically target cancer stem cell vulnerabilities. Recent studies identified a role for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), an environmental carcinogen receptor implicated in cancer initiation, in normal tissue-specific stem cell self-renewal. These studies inspired the hypothesis that the AHR plays a role in the acquisition of cancer stem cell-like qualities. RESULTS To test this hypothesis, AHR activity in Hs578T triple negative and SUM149 inflammatory breast cancer cells were modulated with AHR ligands, shRNA or AHR-specific inhibitors, and phenotypic, genomic and functional stem cell-associated characteristics were evaluated. The data demonstrate that (1) ALDH(high) cells express elevated levels of Ahr and Cyp1b1 and Cyp1a1, AHR-driven genes, (2) AHR knockdown reduces ALDH activity by 80%, (3) AHR hyper-activation with several ligands, including environmental ligands, significantly increases ALDH1 activity, expression of stem cell- and invasion/migration-associated genes, and accelerates cell migration, (4) a significant correlation between Ahr or Cyp1b1 expression (as a surrogate marker for AHR activity) and expression of stem cell- and invasion/migration-associated gene sets is seen with genomic data obtained from 79 human breast cancer cell lines and over 1,850 primary human breast cancers, (5) the AHR interacts directly with Sox2, a master regulator of self-renewal; AHR ligands increase this interaction and nuclear SOX2 translocation, (6) AHR knockdown inhibits tumorsphere formation in low adherence conditions, (7) AHR inhibition blocks the rapid migration of ALDH(high) cells and reduces ALDH(high) cell chemoresistance, (8) ALDH(high) cells are highly efficient at initiating tumors in orthotopic xenografts, and (9) AHR knockdown inhibits tumor initiation and reduces tumor Aldh1a1, Sox2, and Cyp1b1 expression in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that the AHR plays an important role in development of cells with cancer stem cell-like qualities and that environmental AHR ligands may exacerbate breast cancer by enhancing expression of these properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Stanford
- />Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, 72 East Concord Street (R-408), Boston, Massachusetts 02118 USA
- />Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, 72 E. Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Zhongyan Wang
- />Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, 72 East Concord Street (R-408), Boston, Massachusetts 02118 USA
| | - Olga Novikov
- />Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, 72 East Concord Street (R-408), Boston, Massachusetts 02118 USA
- />Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, 72 E. Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Francesca Mulas
- />Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Esther Landesman-Bollag
- />Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, 650 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Stefano Monti
- />Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Section of Computational Biomedicine, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Brenden W. Smith
- />Boston University Molecular and Translational Medicine Program, 72 E. Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118 USA
- />Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, 650 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118 USA
- />Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), 710 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - David C. Seldin
- />Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, 650 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - George J. Murphy
- />Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, 650 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118 USA
- />Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Center for Regenerative Medicine (CReM), 710 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - David H. Sherr
- />Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, 72 East Concord Street (R-408), Boston, Massachusetts 02118 USA
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Govindarajah V, Leung YK, Ying J, Gear R, Bornschein RL, Medvedovic M, Ho SM. In utero exposure of rats to high-fat diets perturbs gene expression profiles and cancer susceptibility of prepubertal mammary glands. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 29:73-82. [PMID: 26895667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human studies suggest that high-fat diets (HFDs) increase the risk of breast cancer. The 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary carcinogenesis rat model is commonly used to evaluate the effects of lifestyle factors such as HFD on mammary tumor risk. Past studies focused primarily on the effects of continuous maternal exposure on the risk of offspring at the end of puberty (PND50). We assessed the effects of prenatal HFD exposure on cancer susceptibility in prepubertal mammary glands and identified key gene networks associated with such disruption. During pregnancy, dams were fed AIN-93G-based diets with isocaloric high olive oil, butterfat or safflower oil. The control group received AIN-93G. Female offspring were treated with DMBA on PND21. However, a significant increase in tumor volume and a trend of shortened tumor latency were observed in rats with HFD exposure against the controls (P=.048 and P=.067, respectively). Large-volume tumors harbored carcinoma in situ. Transcriptome profiling identified 43 differentially expressed genes in the mammary glands of the HFBUTTER group as compared with control. Rapid hormone signaling was the most dysregulated pathway. The diet also induced aberrant expression of Dnmt3a, Mbd1 and Mbd3, consistent with potential epigenetic disruption. Collectively, these findings provide the first evidence supporting susceptibility of prepubertal mammary glands to DMBA-induced tumorigenesis that can be modulated by dietary fat that involves aberrant gene expression and likely epigenetic dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinothini Govindarajah
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Yuet-Kin Leung
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Center of Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics Pharmacology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jun Ying
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Robin Gear
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics Pharmacology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Robert L Bornschein
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Mario Medvedovic
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Shuk-Mei Ho
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Center of Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.,Cincinnati Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Wang Q, Kurita H, Carreira V, Ko CI, Fan Y, Zhang X, Biesiada J, Medvedovic M, Puga A. Ah Receptor Activation by Dioxin Disrupts Activin, BMP, and WNT Signals During the Early Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells and Inhibits Cardiomyocyte Functions. Toxicol Sci 2015; 149:346-57. [PMID: 26572662 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The AHR is a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates gene-environment interactions. Genome-wide expression profiling during differentiation of mouse ES cells into cardiomyocytes showed that AHR activation by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin; Dioxin (TCDD), its prototypical ligand, disrupted the expression of multiple homeobox transcription factors and inhibited cardiomyocyte contractility. Here we treated ES cells with TCDD at daily differentiation intervals to investigate whether TCDD-induced loss of contractility had a developmental window of sensitivity. Surprisingly, contractility was an AHR-dependent TCDD target solely between differentiation days 0 and 3 during the period of panmesoderm development, when TCDD also disrupted expression of genes in the TGFβ/BMP2/4 and wingless-type MMTV integration site (WNT)signaling pathways, suppressed the secretion of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP4), WNT3a, and WNT5a and elevated the secretion of Activin A, as determined by ELISA of the secreted proteins in the culture medium. Supplementing the culture medium with BMP4, WNT3a, or WNT5a during the first 3 days of differentiation successfully countered TCDD-induced impairment of contractility, while anti-WNT3a, or anti-WNT5a antibodies or continuous Noggin (a BMP4 antagonist) or Activin A treatment inhibited the contractile phenotype. In Ahr(+/+), but not in Ahr(-) (/) (-) ES cells, TCDD treatment significantly increased mitochondrial copy number, suggestive of mitochondrial stress and remodeling. Sustained AHR activation during ES cell differentiation appears to disrupt the expression of signals critical to the ontogeny of cardiac mesoderm and cause the loss of contractility in the resulting cardiomyocyte lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267
| | - Hisaka Kurita
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267
| | - Vinicius Carreira
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267
| | - Chia-I Ko
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267
| | - Yunxia Fan
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267
| | - Jacek Biesiada
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267
| | - Mario Medvedovic
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267
| | - Alvaro Puga
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 160 Panzeca Way, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267
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Carreira VS, Fan Y, Kurita H, Wang Q, Ko CI, Naticchioni M, Jiang M, Koch S, Zhang X, Biesiada J, Medvedovic M, Xia Y, Rubinstein J, Puga A. Disruption of Ah Receptor Signaling during Mouse Development Leads to Abnormal Cardiac Structure and Function in the Adult. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142440. [PMID: 26555816 PMCID: PMC4640841 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) Theory proposes that the environment encountered during fetal life and infancy permanently shapes tissue physiology and homeostasis such that damage resulting from maternal stress, poor nutrition or exposure to environmental agents may be at the heart of adult onset disease. Interference with endogenous developmental functions of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), either by gene ablation or by exposure in utero to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a potent AHR ligand, causes structural, molecular and functional cardiac abnormalities and altered heart physiology in mouse embryos. To test if embryonic effects progress into an adult phenotype, we investigated whether Ahr ablation or TCDD exposure in utero resulted in cardiac abnormalities in adult mice long after removal of the agent. Ten-months old adult Ahr-/- and in utero TCDD-exposed Ahr+/+ mice showed sexually dimorphic abnormal cardiovascular phenotypes characterized by echocardiographic findings of hypertrophy, ventricular dilation and increased heart weight, resting heart rate and systolic and mean blood pressure, and decreased exercise tolerance. Underlying these effects, genes in signaling networks related to cardiac hypertrophy and mitochondrial function were differentially expressed. Cardiac dysfunction in mouse embryos resulting from AHR signaling disruption seems to progress into abnormal cardiac structure and function that predispose adults to cardiac disease, but while embryonic dysfunction is equally robust in males and females, the adult abnormalities are more prevalent in females, with the highest severity in Ahr-/- females. The findings reported here underscore the conclusion that AHR signaling in the developing heart is one potential target of environmental factors associated with cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius S. Carreira
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States of America
| | - Yunxia Fan
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States of America
| | - Hisaka Kurita
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States of America
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States of America
| | - Chia-I Ko
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States of America
| | - Mindi Naticchioni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States of America
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States of America
| | - Sheryl Koch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States of America
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States of America
| | - Jacek Biesiada
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States of America
| | - Mario Medvedovic
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States of America
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States of America
| | - Jack Rubinstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States of America
| | - Alvaro Puga
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Carreira VS, Fan Y, Wang Q, Zhang X, Kurita H, Ko CI, Naticchioni M, Jiang M, Koch S, Medvedovic M, Xia Y, Rubinstein J, Puga A. Ah Receptor Signaling Controls the Expression of Cardiac Development and Homeostasis Genes. Toxicol Sci 2015; 147:425-35. [PMID: 26139165 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital abnormality and one of the leading causes of newborn death throughout the world. Despite much emerging scientific information, the precise etiology of this disease remains elusive. Here, we show that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) regulates the expression of crucial cardiogenesis genes and that interference with endogenous AHR functions, either by gene ablation or by agonist exposure during early development, causes overlapping structural and functional cardiac abnormalities that lead to altered fetal heart physiology, including higher heart rates, right and left ventricle dilation, higher stroke volume, and reduced ejection fraction. With striking similarity between AHR knockout (Ahr(-/-)) and agonist-exposed wild type (Ahr(+/+)) embryos, in utero disruption of endogenous AHR functions converge into dysregulation of molecular mechanisms needed for attainment and maintenance of cardiac differentiation, including the pivotal signals regulated by the cardiogenic transcription factor NKH2.5, energy balance via oxidative phosphorylation and TCA cycle and global mitochondrial function and homeostasis. Our findings suggest that AHR signaling in the developing mammalian heart is central to the regulation of pathways crucial for cellular metabolism, cardiogenesis, and cardiac function, which are potential targets of environmental factors associated with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius S Carreira
- *Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics and
| | - Yunxia Fan
- *Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics and
| | - Qing Wang
- *Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics and
| | - Xiang Zhang
- *Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics and
| | - Hisaka Kurita
- *Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics and
| | - Chia-I Ko
- *Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics and
| | - Mindi Naticchioni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Sheryl Koch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Mario Medvedovic
- *Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics and
| | - Ying Xia
- *Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics and
| | - Jack Rubinstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Alvaro Puga
- *Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics and
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Sánchez-Martín FJ, Fan Y, Carreira V, Ovesen JL, Vonhandorf A, Xia Y, Puga A. Long-term Coexposure to Hexavalent Chromium and B[a]P Causes Tissue-Specific Differential Biological Effects in Liver and Gastrointestinal Tract of Mice. Toxicol Sci 2015; 146:52-64. [PMID: 25820237 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex mixtures of environmental agents often cause mixture-specific health effects that cannot be accounted for by a single mechanism. To study the biological effects of exposure to a mixture of chromium-VI and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), often found together in the environment, we exposed mice for 60 days to 0, 55, 550, or 5500 ppb Cr(VI) in drinking water followed by 90 days of coexposure to B[a]P at 0, 1.25, 12.5, or 125 mg/kg/day and examined liver and gastrointestinal (GI) tract for exposure effects. In the liver, the mixture caused more significant histopathology than expected from the sum of effects of the individual components, while in the GI tract, Cr(VI) alone caused significant enterocyte hypertrophy and increases in cell proliferation and DNA damage that were also observed in mice coexposed to B[a]P. Expression of genes involved in drug metabolism, tumor suppression, oxidative stress, and inflammation was altered in mixed exposures relative to control and to singly exposed mice. Drug metabolism and oxidative stress genes were upregulated and tumor suppressor and inflammation genes downregulated in the proximal GI tract, whereas most markers were upregulated in the distal GI tract and downregulated in the liver. Oral exposure to Cr(VI) and B[a]P mixtures appears to have tissue-specific differential consequences in liver and GI tract that cannot be predicted from the effects of each individual toxicant. Tissue specificity may be particularly critical in cases of extended exposure to mixtures of these agents, as may happen in the occupational setting or in areas where drinking water contains elevated levels of Cr(VI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Sánchez-Martín
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Yunxia Fan
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Vinicius Carreira
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Jerald L Ovesen
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Andrew Vonhandorf
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Alvaro Puga
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
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Gerger CJ, Thomas JK, Janz DM, Weber LP. Acute effects of β-naphthoflavone on cardiorespiratory function and metabolism in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2015; 41:289-298. [PMID: 25186110 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-014-9982-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists are known to cause lethal cardiovascular deformities in fish after developmental exposure. Acute adult fish toxicity of AhR agonists is thought to be minimal, but limited evidence suggests sublethal effects may also involve the cardiac system in fish. In the present study, adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) were aqueously exposed to solvent control or three nominal concentrations of the commonly used model AhR agonist, β-naphthoflavone (BNF), for 48 h. Following exposure, fish were subjected to echocardiography to determine cardiac function or swimming tests with concurrent oxygen consumption measurement. Critical swimming speed and standard metabolic rate were not significantly changed, while active metabolic rate decreased with increasing BNF exposure, reaching statistical significance at the highest BNF exposure. Factorial aerobic scope was the most sensitive end-point and was decreased at even lower BNF concentrations, indicating a reduced aerobic capacity after acute AhR agonist exposure in adult fish. The highest BNF concentration caused a significant decrease in cardiac output, while increasing the ratio of atrial to ventricular heart rate (indicating atrioventricular conduction blockade). In conclusion, the effect of acute BNF exposure on zebrafish metabolic capacity and cardiac function is likely to be physiologically important given that fish have a critical need for adequate oxygen to fuel essential survival behaviors such as swimming, growth, and reproduction. Future studies should be directed at examining the effects of other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on fish cardiorespiratory function to determine whether their effects and modes of action are similar to BNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney J Gerger
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B3, Canada
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Ovesen JL, Fan Y, Zhang X, Chen J, Medvedovic M, Xia Y, Puga A. Formaldehyde-Assisted Isolation of Regulatory Elements (FAIRE) analysis uncovers broad changes in chromatin structure resulting from hexavalent chromium exposure. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97849. [PMID: 24837440 PMCID: PMC4023961 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of chromatin to switch back and forth from open euchromatin to closed heterochromatin is vital for transcriptional regulation and genomic stability, but its dynamic structure is subject to disruption by exposure to environmental agents such as hexavalent chromium. Cr(VI) exposure disrupts chromatin remodeling mechanisms and causes chromosomal damage through formation of free radicals, Cr-DNA adducts, and DNA-Cr-protein cross-links. In addition, acute, high-concentration, and chronic, low-concentration exposures to Cr(VI) lead to significantly different transcriptional and genomic stability outcomes. We used mouse hepatoma Hepa-1c1c7 cells to investigate how transcriptional responses to chromium treatment might correlate with structural chromatin changes. We used Formaldehyde-Assisted Isolation of Regulatory Elements (FAIRE) analysis coupled with deep sequencing to identify regions of the genome that may switch between open and closed chromatin in response to exposure to varying Cr(VI) concentrations. At either Cr(VI) concentration, chromatin domains surrounding binding sites for AP-1 transcription factors become significantly open, whereas BACH2 and CTCF binding sites are open solely at the low and high concentrations, respectively. Parallel gene expression profiling using RNA-seq indicates that the structural chromatin changes caused by Cr(VI) affect gene expression levels in the target areas that vary depending on Cr(VI) concentration, but show no correlation between global changes in the overall transcriptional response and Cr(VI) concentration. Our results suggest that FAIRE may be a useful technique to map chromatin elements targeted by DNA damaging agents for which there is no prior knowledge of their specificity, and to identify subsequent transcriptomic changes induced by those agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerald L. Ovesen
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yunxia Fan
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mario Medvedovic
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Alvaro Puga
- Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
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Watson JD, Prokopec SD, Smith AB, Okey AB, Pohjanvirta R, Boutros PC. TCDD dysregulation of 13 AHR-target genes in rat liver. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 274:445-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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