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Malone J, Hill C, Tanskanen A, Liu K, Ng S, MacAulay C, Poh CF, Lane PM. Imaging Biomarkers of Oral Dysplasia and Carcinoma Measured with In Vivo Endoscopic Optical Coherence Tomography. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2751. [PMID: 39123478 PMCID: PMC11311571 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography is a noninvasive imaging technique that provides three-dimensional visualization of subsurface tissue structures. OCT has been proposed and explored in the literature as a tool to assess oral cancer status, select biopsy sites, or identify surgical margins. Our endoscopic OCT device can generate widefield (centimeters long) imaging of lesions at any location in the oral cavity-but it is challenging for raters to quantitatively assess and score large volumes of data. Leveraging a previously developed epithelial segmentation network, this work develops quantifiable biomarkers that provide direct measurements of tissue properties in three dimensions. We hypothesize that features related to morphology, tissue attenuation, and contrast between tissue layers will be able to provide a quantitative assessment of disease status (dysplasia through carcinoma). This work retrospectively assesses seven biomarkers on a lesion-contralateral matched OCT dataset of the lateral and ventral tongue (40 patients, 70 sites). Epithelial depth and loss of epithelial-stromal boundary visualization provide the strongest discrimination between disease states. The stroma optical attenuation coefficient provides a distinction between benign lesions from dysplasia and carcinoma. The stratification biomarkers visualize subsurface changes, which provides potential for future utility in biopsy site selection or treatment margin delineation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanie Malone
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, 675 W 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada (P.M.L.)
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 251-2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Chloe Hill
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, 675 W 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada (P.M.L.)
- School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Adrian Tanskanen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, 675 W 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada (P.M.L.)
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 251-2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Kelly Liu
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, 675 W 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada (P.M.L.)
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 350-2194 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Samson Ng
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 350-2194 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Calum MacAulay
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, 675 W 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada (P.M.L.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia and Vancouver General Hospital, G227-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6 T 1Z7, Canada
| | - Catherine F. Poh
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, 675 W 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada (P.M.L.)
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, 350-2194 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Pierre M. Lane
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, 675 W 10th Ave., Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada (P.M.L.)
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 251-2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
- School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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Banerjee A, Indoliya A, Poddar R. Edible oil based optical clearing for optical coherence tomography angiography imaging. Microvasc Res 2024; 154:104671. [PMID: 38460712 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2024.104671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
In optical imaging, optical clearing agents are commonly used to enhance the structural details of a sample. The current study investigates how to use it to improve the data obtained by an optical coherence tomography angiography system. A natural edible oil with no chemical base has been used for optical clearing. In-vivo testing on mice and humans yielded excellent optical clearing. Using computational techniques, the improvement in angiography signal caused by the optical clearing agent is investigated qualitatively and quantitatively. Compared to the control group, applying the edible oil-based optical clearing agent demonstrated improved vessel percentage and refined vascular signal intensity along depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Banerjee
- Biophotonics Lab, Department of Bioengineering, Birla Institute of Technology-Mesra, Ranchi, JH 835215, India
| | - Abhishek Indoliya
- Biophotonics Lab, Department of Bioengineering, Birla Institute of Technology-Mesra, Ranchi, JH 835215, India
| | - Raju Poddar
- Biophotonics Lab, Department of Bioengineering, Birla Institute of Technology-Mesra, Ranchi, JH 835215, India.
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Fan S, Yu H, Guan Z, Lv F, Zhou Z, Dai C. Diagnosis of dental caries based on attenuation coefficients analysis of optical coherence tomography images. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202400031. [PMID: 38877707 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of optical attenuation based on optical coherence tomography images will offer an effective method to enhance diagnostic capabilities. In this paper, the optical attenuation in demineralized caries specimens was calculated to distinguish between normal teeth and carious teeth and further to differentiate the severity of caries, and thus come to the half-automated diagnosis of dental caries. Results show that the attenuation coefficient in carious regions is approximately 4.97 mm - 1 ± 0.206 , while that of normal teeth is about 3.69 mm - 1 ± 0.231 . Attenuation coefficient of carious regions is 35% higher than that of normal teeth. Moreover, five classes of caries were qualified and classified based on the optical attenuation coefficient. Compared with the healthy teeth, there is a noticeable disparity in the attenuation coefficients of carious teeth, both on the surface and at the dentinoenamel junction. This study provides a method for accurate caries diagnosis, particularly in detection of early lesions and subtle structural changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhao Fan
- Shanghai Institute of Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanhuan Yu
- Shanghai Institute of Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zehua Guan
- Shanghai Institute of Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fukang Lv
- Shanghai Institute of Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuojun Zhou
- Department of General Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuixia Dai
- Shanghai Institute of Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Zhuo H, Huang X, Xiao J. In silico intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) for quality assured imaging with reduced intervention. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12930. [PMID: 38839774 PMCID: PMC11153535 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61177-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
In the clinical application of intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT), it is necessary to flush opaque blood during image acquisition. However, there are no specific standards for how to perform low-dose but effective flushing. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and optical models were integrated to numerically simulate the complete process of IVOCT, which includes blood flushing with normal saline followed by image acquisition. Moreover, an intermittent injection scheme was proposed, and its advantages over the conventionally adopted scheme of continuous injection were verified. The results show that intermittent injection can significantly reduce the dosage of normal saline (reduced by 44.4%) with only a slight sacrifice of image quality (reduced by 8.7%, but still acceptable). The developed model and key findings in this work can help surgeons practice optimized IVOCT operations and potentially lead to improved designs of the IVOCT equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Zhuo
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianchen Huang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jie Xiao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China.
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Gupta P, Vairagi K, Sharma V, Prasad KK, Mondal SK. Tissue characterization using axicon probe-assisted common-path optical coherence tomography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:20194-20206. [PMID: 38859135 DOI: 10.1364/oe.508006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
In this work, a common-path optical coherence tomography (OCT) system is demonstrated for characterizing the tissue in terms of some optical properties. A negative axicon structure chemically etched inside the fiber tip is employed as optical probe in the OCT. This probe generates a quality Bessel beam owning a large depth-of-field, ∼700 µm and small central spot size, ∼3 µm. The OCT system is probing the sample without using any microscopic lens. For experimental validation, the OCT imaging of chicken tissue has been obtained along with estimation of its refractive index and optical attenuation coefficient. Afterwards, the cancerous tissue is differentiated from the normal tissue based on the OCT imaging, refractive index, and optical attenuation coefficient. The respective tissue samples are collected from the human liver and pancreas. This probe could be a useful tool for endoscopic or minimal-invasive inspection of malignancy inside the tissue either at early-stage or during surgery.
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Buist G, Debiasi M, Amelink A, de Boer JF. Theoretical and experimental determination of the confocal function of OCT systems for accurate calculation of sample optical properties. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:2937-2957. [PMID: 38855667 PMCID: PMC11161342 DOI: 10.1364/boe.516229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The attenuation coefficient of biological tissue could serve as an indicator of structural and functional changes related to the onset or progression of disease. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides cross sectional images of tissue up to a depth of a few millimeters, based on the local backscatter properties. The OCT intensity also depends on the confocal function, which needs to be characterised to determine correctly the exponential decay of the intensity based on Lambert-Beer. We present a model for the confocal function in scattering media based on the illumination with a Gaussian beam and the power transfer into a single mode fibre (SMF) of the backscattered light for an incoherently back scattered Gaussian beam using the Huygens-Fresnel principle and compare that model with the reflection from a mirror. We find that, contrary to previous literature, the confocal functions characterised by the Rayleigh range in the two models are identical. Extensive OCT focus series measurements on a mirror, Spectralon and Intralipid dilutions confirm our model, and show that for highly scattering samples the confocal function characterised by the Rayleigh range becomes depth dependent. From the diluted Intralipid measurements the attenuation coefficients are extracted using a singly scatter model that includes the previously established confocal function. The extracted attenuation coefficients were in good agreement for weakly scattering samples (μ s < 2 mm-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gijs Buist
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maddalena Debiasi
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen Amelink
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Optics, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, TNO, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes F. de Boer
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Swanson WH, King BJ, Alluwimi MS, Malik R. Predicting perimetric defects from en face maps of retinal nerve fibre layer reflectance. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2024; 44:613-625. [PMID: 38404167 PMCID: PMC10999345 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop criteria to predict visual hemifields with deep perimetric defects based on retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) reflectance, in a transparent process whose components can be assessed by independent laboratories analysing data from their own small groups. METHODS The analysis was carried out in four stages, using three independent groups of patients-30, 33 and 62 participants-with glaucoma and age-similar controls. The first stage used Group 1 to develop a criterion for RNFL reflectance images at 24, 36 or 48 μm below the inner limiting membrane (ILM). The second stage evaluated the criterion using Group 2. The third stage developed a second criterion to improve performance for Groups 1 and 2 combined. The fourth stage evaluated the second criterion with Group 3. Confidence intervals for sensitivity and specificity were then computed by combining results from all three groups. RESULTS The first criterion identified all hemifields with deep defects and no hemifields from controls, using a within-eye reference for healthy RNFL. For Group 2, specificity remained high but sensitivity was reduced. The second criterion improved sensitivity by using location-specific reference values. For Group 3, sensitivity remained high but reduced specificity was found. Confidence intervals showed substantial overlap for the two criteria. CONCLUSIONS We developed two criteria to identify patients with deep perimetric defects with high specificity and sensitivity. Several improvements are warranted: automated identification of the fovea-disc angle and optic disc locations, evaluation of normal variation in patterns of RNFL thickness, improved segmentation of ILM and major vasculature, reduction of within-eye variability in RNFL reflectance of healthy eyes, assessment of effects of image quality, assessment of effects of comorbidity and effectiveness of other devices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brett J King
- Indiana University School of Optometry, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Muhammed S Alluwimi
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Malik
- Department of Surgery, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Rosenfeld PJ, Shen M, Trivizki O, Liu J, Herrera G, Hiya FE, Li J, Berni A, Wang L, El-Mulki OS, Cheng Y, Lu J, Zhang Q, O'Brien RC, Gregori G, Wang RK. Rediscovering Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Swept-Source OCT Imaging: The 2022 Charles L. Schepens, MD, Lecture. Ophthalmol Retina 2024:S2468-6530(24)00187-8. [PMID: 38641006 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Swept-source OCT angiography (SS-OCTA) scans of eyes with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) were used to replace color, autofluorescence, infrared reflectance, and dye-based fundus angiographic imaging for the diagnosis and staging of AMD. Through the use of different algorithms with the SS-OCTA scans, both structural and angiographic information can be viewed and assessed using both cross sectional and en face imaging strategies. DESIGN Presented at the 2022 Charles L. Schepens, MD, Lecture at the American Academy of Ophthalmology Retina Subspecialty Day, Chicago, Illinois, on September 30, 2022. PARTICIPANTS Patients with AMD. METHODS Review of published literature and ongoing clinical research using SS-OCTA imaging in AMD. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Swept-source OCT angiography imaging of AMD at different stages of disease progression. RESULTS Volumetric SS-OCTA dense raster scans were used to diagnose and stage both exudative and nonexudative AMD. In eyes with nonexudative AMD, a single SS-OCTA scan was used to detect and measure structural features in the macula such as the area and volume of both typical soft drusen and calcified drusen, the presence and location of hyperreflective foci, the presence of reticular pseudodrusen, also known as subretinal drusenoid deposits, the thickness of the outer retinal layer, the presence and thickness of basal laminar deposits, the presence and area of persistent choroidal hypertransmission defects, and the presence of treatment-naïve nonexudative macular neovascularization. In eyes with exudative AMD, the same SS-OCTA scan pattern was used to detect and measure the presence of macular fluid, the presence and type of macular neovascularization, and the response of exudation to treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors. In addition, the same scan pattern was used to quantitate choriocapillaris (CC) perfusion, CC thickness, choroidal thickness, and the vascularity of the choroid. CONCLUSIONS Compared with using several different instruments to perform multimodal imaging, a single SS-OCTA scan provides a convenient, comfortable, and comprehensive approach for obtaining qualitative and quantitative anatomic and angiographic information to monitor the onset, progression, and response to therapies in both nonexudative and exudative AMD. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Rosenfeld
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
| | - Mengxi Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Omer Trivizki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, University of Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jeremy Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Gissel Herrera
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Farhan E Hiya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Jianqing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Alessandro Berni
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Omar S El-Mulki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Yuxuan Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Qinqin Zhang
- Research and Development, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, California
| | - Robert C O'Brien
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Giovanni Gregori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Ruikang K Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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Achkasova K, Kukhnina L, Moiseev A, Kiseleva E, Bogomolova A, Loginova M, Gladkova N. Detection of acute and early-delayed radiation-induced changes in the white matter of the rat brain based on numerical processing of optical coherence tomography data. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202300458. [PMID: 38253332 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Detection of radiation-induced changes of the brain white matter is important for brain neoplasms repeated surgery. We investigated the influence of irradiation on the scattering properties of the white matter using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Healthy Wistar rats undergone the irradiation of the brain right hemisphere. At seven time points from the irradiation procedure (2-14 weeks), an ex vivo OCT study was performed with subsequent calculation of attenuation coefficient values in the corpus callosum followed by immunohistochemical analysis. As a result, we discovered acute and early-delayed changes characterized by the edema of different severity, accompanied by a statistically significant decrease in attenuation coefficient values. In particular, these changes were found at 2 weeks after irradiation in the irradiated hemisphere, while at 6- and 12-week time points they affected both irradiated and contralateral hemisphere. Thus, radiation-induced changes occurring in white matter during the first 3 months after irradiation can be detected by OCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia Achkasova
- Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Liudmila Kukhnina
- Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander Moiseev
- Laboratory of Highly Sensitive Optical Measurements, Institute of Applied Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Elena Kiseleva
- Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexandra Bogomolova
- Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maria Loginova
- Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Natalia Gladkova
- Research Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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10
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Kvåle Løvmo M, Deng S, Moser S, Leitgeb R, Drexler W, Ritsch-Marte M. Ultrasound-induced reorientation for multi-angle optical coherence tomography. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2391. [PMID: 38493195 PMCID: PMC10944478 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46506-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Organoid and spheroid technology provide valuable insights into developmental biology and oncology. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a label-free technique that has emerged as an excellent tool for monitoring the structure and function of these samples. However, mature organoids are often too opaque for OCT. Access to multi-angle views is highly desirable to overcome this limitation, preferably with non-contact sample handling. To fulfil these requirements, we present an ultrasound-induced reorientation method for multi-angle-OCT, which employs a 3D-printed acoustic trap inserted into an OCT imaging system, to levitate and reorient zebrafish larvae and tumor spheroids in a controlled and reproducible manner. A model-based algorithm was developed for the physically consistent fusion of multi-angle data from a priori unknown angles. We demonstrate enhanced penetration depth in the joint 3D-recovery of reflectivity, attenuation, refractive index, and position registration for zebrafish larvae, creating an enabling tool for future applications in volumetric imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Kvåle Løvmo
- Institute of Biomedical Physics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Shiyu Deng
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon Moser
- Institute of Biomedical Physics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rainer Leitgeb
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Drexler
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Ritsch-Marte
- Institute of Biomedical Physics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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11
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Moldon PA, Ermolinskiy PB, Lugovtsov AE, Timoshina PA, Lazareva EN, Surkov YI, Gurfinkel YI, Tuchin VV, Priezzhev AV. Influence of optical clearing agents on the scattering properties of human nail bed and blood microrheological properties: In vivo and in vitro study. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024:e202300524. [PMID: 38462766 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Optical clearing agents (OCAs) are substances that temporarily modify tissue's optical properties, enabling better imaging and light penetration. This study aimed to assess the impact of OCAs on the nail bed and blood using in vivo and in vitro optical methods. In the in vivo part, OCAs were applied to the nail bed, and optical coherence tomography and optical digital capillaroscopy were used to evaluate their effects on optical clearing and capillary blood flow, respectively. In the in vitro part, the collected blood samples were incubated with the OCA and blood aggregation properties were estimated using diffuse light scattering techniques. The results indicate that OCAs significantly influence the optical properties of the nail bed and blood microrheology. These findings suggest that OCAs hold promise for improving optical imaging and diagnostics, particularly for nail bed applications, and can modify blood microrheology.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Moldon
- Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - P B Ermolinskiy
- Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A E Lugovtsov
- Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - P A Timoshina
- Institution of Physics, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
- Laboratory of Laser Molecular Imaging and Machine Learning, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustic, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
| | - E N Lazareva
- Institution of Physics, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
- Laboratory of Laser Molecular Imaging and Machine Learning, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustic, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
| | - Yu I Surkov
- Institution of Physics, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
- Laboratory of Laser Molecular Imaging and Machine Learning, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustic, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
| | - Y I Gurfinkel
- Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Tuchin
- Institution of Physics, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
- Laboratory of Laser Molecular Imaging and Machine Learning, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Biomedical Photoacoustic, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
| | - A V Priezzhev
- Department of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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12
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Gao M, Guo D, Wang J, Tan Y, Liu K, Gao L, Zhang Y, Ding Z, Gu Y, Li P. High-accuracy noninvasive continuous glucose monitoring using OCT angiography-purified blood scattering signals in human skin. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:991-1003. [PMID: 38404306 PMCID: PMC10890863 DOI: 10.1364/boe.506092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The accuracy of noninvasive continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) through near-infrared scattering is challenged by mixed scattering signals from different compartments, where glucose has a positive correlation with a blood scattering coefficient but a negative correlation with a tissue scattering coefficient. In this study, we developed a high-accuracy noninvasive CGM based on OCT angiography (OCTA)-purified blood scattering signals. The blood optical scattering coefficient (BOC) was initially extracted from the depth attenuation of backscattered light in OCT and then purified by eliminating the scattering signals from the surrounding tissues under the guidance of a 3D OCTA vascular map in human skin. The purified BOC was used to estimate the optical blood glucose concentration (BGC) through a linear calibration. The optical and reference BGC measurements were highly correlated (R = 0.94) without apparent time delay. The mean absolute relative difference was 6.09%. All optical BGC measurements were within the clinically acceptable Zones A + B, with 96.69% falling in Zone A on Parke's error grids. The blood glucose response during OGTT was mapped with a high spatiotemporal resolution of the single vessel and 5 seconds. This noninvasive OCTA-based CGM shows promising accuracy for clinical use. Future research will involve larger sample sizes and diabetic participants to confirm these preliminary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqin Gao
- State Key Lab of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Dayou Guo
- State Key Lab of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- State Key Lab of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Yizhou Tan
- Department of Laser Medicine, First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Kaiyuan Liu
- State Key Lab of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Photonic Sensing and Intelligent Imaging, Jiaxing 314000, China
- Intelligent Optics and Photonics Research Center, Jiaxing Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Yulei Zhang
- State Key Lab of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Zhihua Ding
- State Key Lab of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Ying Gu
- Department of Laser Medicine, First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Lab of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
- Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Photonic Sensing and Intelligent Imaging, Jiaxing 314000, China
- Intelligent Optics and Photonics Research Center, Jiaxing Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314000, China
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13
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Moiseev A, Sherstnev E, Kiseleva E, Achkasova K, Potapov A, Yashin K, Sirotkina M, Gelikonov G, Matkivsky V, Shilyagin P, Ksenofontov S, Bederina E, Medyanik I, Zagaynova E, Gladkova N. Depth-resolved method for attenuation coefficient calculation from optical coherence tomography data for improved biological structure visualization. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202100392. [PMID: 37551154 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a promising tool for intraoperative tissue morphology determination. Several studies suggest that attenuation coefficient derived from the OCT images, can differentiate between tissues of different morphology, such as normal and pathological structures of the brain, skin, and other tissues. In the present study, the depth-resolved method for attenuation coefficient calculation was adopted for the real-world situation of the depth-dependent OCT sensitivity and additive imaging noise with nonzero mean. It was shown that in the case of sharp focusing (~10 μm spot full width at half maximum [FWHM] or smaller at 1.3 μm central wavelength) only the proposed method for depth-dependent sensitivity compensation does not introduce misleading artifacts into the calculated attenuation coefficient distribution. At the same time, the scanning beam focus spot with FWHM greater than 10 μm at 1.3 μm central wavelength allows one to use multiple approaches to the attenuation coefficient calculation without introducing noticeable bias. This feature may hinder the need for robust corrections for the depth-resolved attenuation coefficient estimations from the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Moiseev
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Evgeny Sherstnev
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Elena Kiseleva
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ksenia Achkasova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Arseniy Potapov
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | | | - Marina Sirotkina
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Grigory Gelikonov
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Vasily Matkivsky
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Pavel Shilyagin
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Sergey Ksenofontov
- Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Evgenia Bederina
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Igor Medyanik
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Elena Zagaynova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Nizhny Novgorod State University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Natalia Gladkova
- Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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14
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Gubarkova E, Potapov A, Moiseev A, Kiseleva E, Krupinova D, Shatilova K, Karabut M, Khlopkov A, Loginova M, Radenska-Lopovok S, Gelikonov G, Grechkanev G, Gladkova N, Sirotkina M. Depth-Resolved Attenuation Mapping of the Vaginal Wall under Prolapse and after Laser Treatment Using Cross-Polarization Optical Coherence Tomography: A Pilot Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3487. [PMID: 37998623 PMCID: PMC10670580 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13223487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaginal wall prolapse is the most common type of pelvic organ prolapse and is mainly associated with collagen bundle changes in the lamina propria. Neodymium (Nd:YAG) laser treatment was used as an innovative, minimally invasive and non-ablative procedure for the treatment of early-stage vaginal wall prolapse. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess connective tissue changes in the vaginal wall under prolapse without treatment and after Nd:YAG laser treatment using cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP OCT) with depth-resolved attenuation mapping. A total of 26 freshly excised samples of vaginal wall from 26 patients with age norm (n = 8), stage I-II prolapses without treatment (n = 8) and stage I-II prolapse 1-2 months after Nd:YAG laser treatment (n = 10) were assessed. As a result, for the first time, depth-resolved attenuation maps of the vaginal wall in the B-scan projection in the co- and cross-polarization channels were constructed. Two parameters within the lamina propria were target calculated: the median value and the percentages of high (≥4 mm-1) and low (<4 mm-1) attenuation coefficient values. A significant (p < 0.0001) decrease in the parameters in the case of vaginal wall prolapse compared to the age norm was identified. After laser treatment, a significant (p < 0.0001) increase in the parameters compared to the normal level was also observed. Notably, in the cross-channel, both parameters showed a greater difference between the groups than in the co-channel. Therefore, using the cross-channel achieved more reliable differentiation between the groups. To conclude, attenuation coefficient maps allow visualization and quantification of changes in the condition of the connective tissue of the vaginal wall. In the future, CP OCT could be used for in vivo detection of early-stage vaginal wall prolapse and for monitoring the effectiveness of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Gubarkova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Center of Photonics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Arseniy Potapov
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander Moiseev
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Elena Kiseleva
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Darya Krupinova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, 603126 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | | | - Maria Karabut
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | | | - Maria Loginova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Center of Photonics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Stefka Radenska-Lopovok
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Institute of Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Grigory Gelikonov
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Gennady Grechkanev
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Natalia Gladkova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Marina Sirotkina
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Center of Photonics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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15
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Wang TA, Trung NH, Lee HC, Lee CK, Tsai MT, Wang YL. Quantitative Evaluation of Caries and Calculus with Ultrahigh-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1317. [PMID: 38002442 PMCID: PMC10669567 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries on the crown's surface is caused by the interaction of bacteria and carbohydrates, which then gradually alter the tooth's structure. In addition, calculus is the root of periodontal disease. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been considered to be a promising tool for identifying dental caries; however, diagnosing dental caries in the early stage still remains challenging. In this study, we proposed an ultrahigh-resolution OCT (UHR-OCT) system with axial and transverse resolutions of 2.6 and 1.8 μm for differentiating the early-stage dental caries and calculus. The same teeth were also scanned by a conventional spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) system with an axial resolution of 7 μm. The results indicated that early-stage carious structures such as small cavities can be observed using UHR-OCT; however, the SD-OCT system with a lower resolution had difficulty identifying it. Moreover, the estimated surface roughness and the scattering coefficient of enamel were proposed for quantitatively differentiating the different stages of caries. Furthermore, the thickness of the calculus can be estimated from the UHR-OCT results. The results have demonstrated that UHR-OCT can detect caries and calculus in their early stages, showing that the proposed method for the quantitative evaluation of caries and calculus is potentially promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Ang Wang
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Nguyễn Hoàng Trung
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chieh Lee
- Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Meng-Tsan Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Li Wang
- Department of Periodontics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33378, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
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16
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Miao Y, Jung H, Hsu D, Song J, Ni S, Ma D, Jian Y, Makita S, Yasuno Y, Sarunic MV, Stephenson KAJ, Paton K, Mammo Z, Ju MJ. Polarization-Diversity Optical Coherence Tomography Assessment of Choroidal Nevi. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:6. [PMID: 37930688 PMCID: PMC10629548 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.14.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the utility of polarization-diversity optical coherence tomography (PD-OCT), a noninvasive imaging technique with melanin-specific contrast, in the quantitative and qualitative assessment of choroidal nevi. Methods Nevi were imaged with a custom-built 55-degree field-of-view (FOV) 400 kHz PD-OCT system. Imaging features on PD-OCT were compared to those on fundus photography, auto-fluorescence, ultrasound, and non-PD-OCT images. Lesions were manually segmented for size measurement and metrics for objective assessment of melanin distributions were calculated, including degree of polarization uniformity (DOPU), attenuation coefficient, and melanin occupancy rate (MOR). Results We imaged 17 patients (mean age = 69.5 years, range = 37-90) with 11 pigmented, 3 non-pigmented, and 3 mixed pigmentation nevi. Nevi with full margin acquisition had an average longest basal diameter of 5.1 mm (range = 2.99-8.72 mm) and average height of 0.72 mm (range = 0.37 mm-2.09 mm). PD-OCT provided clear contrast of choroidal melanin content, distribution, and delineation of nevus margins for melanotic nevi. Pigmented nevi were found to have lower DOPU, higher attenuation coefficient, and higher MOR than non-pigmented lesions. Melanin content on PD-OCT was consistent with pigmentation on fundus in 15 of 17 nevi (88%). Conclusions PD-OCT allows objective assessment of choroidal nevi melanin content and distribution. In addition, melanin-specific contrast by PD-OCT enables clear nevus margin delineation and may improve serial growth surveillance. Further investigation is needed to determine the clinical significance and prognostic value of melanin characterization by PD-OCT in the evaluation of choroidal nevi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusi Miao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hoyoung Jung
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Destiny Hsu
- School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jun Song
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shuibin Ni
- Case Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Da Ma
- Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
| | - Yifan Jian
- Case Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Shuichi Makita
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yasuno
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Marinko V. Sarunic
- School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, England, United Kingdom
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Kirk A. J. Stephenson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katherine Paton
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zaid Mammo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Myeong Jin Ju
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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17
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Miura M, Makita S, Yasuno Y, Nakagawa H, Azuma S, Mino T, Miki A. Birefringence-derived artifact in optical coherence tomography imaging of the lamina cribrosa in eyes with glaucoma. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17189. [PMID: 37821489 PMCID: PMC10567729 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43820-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated birefringence-derived artifacts that potentially mimic focal defects of the lamina cribrosa (focal LC defects) in optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of eyes with glaucoma. This study included 74 eyes of 48 patients with glaucoma. Five horizontal line B-scan images of the optic disc were obtained using commercial swept-source OCT. From a dataset of prototype swept-source polarization-diversity OCT, we calculated the following types of OCT images: polarization-dependent, polarization-dependent attenuation-coefficient, polarization-independent, and polarization-independent attenuation-coefficient. We assessed the commercial OCT images for the presence of birefringence-derived artifacts by comparison with the polarization-diversity OCT images. Commercial OCT showed suggestive findings of focal LC defects in 17 of 74 eyes. Reevaluation using polarization-independent OCT revealed that the focal LC defects in one of 17 eyes (5.9%) were actually birefringence-derived artifacts. This study demonstrated the existence of birefringence-derived artifacts mimicking focal LC defects in commercial OCT imaging and indicated that polarization-diversity OCT is an effective tool to evaluate the presence of these artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Miura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ibaraki Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, 3-20-1 Chuo, Ami, Inashiki, Ibaraki, 300395, Japan.
| | - Shuichi Makita
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yasuno
- Computational Optics Group, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hayate Nakagawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ibaraki Medical Center, Tokyo Medical University, 3-20-1 Chuo, Ami, Inashiki, Ibaraki, 300395, Japan
| | | | | | - Atsuya Miki
- Department of Myopia Control Research, Aichi Medical University, Nagakude, Japan
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18
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Kübler J, Zoutenbier VS, Buist G, Fischer J, Amelink A, de Boer JF. Confocal corrected attenuation coefficient imaging in phantoms and in vivo using chromatic focal shift calibration. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:5282-5297. [PMID: 37854560 PMCID: PMC10581799 DOI: 10.1364/boe.498459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is conventionally used for structural imaging of tissue. Calibrating the intensity values of OCT images can give information on the tissue's inherent optical properties, such as the attenuation coefficient, which can provide an additional parameter to quantify possible pathological changes. To obtain calibrated intensity values, the focus position and Rayleigh length of the incident beam need to be known. We explore the feasibility of extracting the focus position from an OCT scan acquired with a single focus setting using the chromatic aberration of the system. The chromatic focal shift of an OCT system is exploited to achieve different focus positions for sub-spectrum reconstructed OCT images. The ratios of these images are used to estimate the focus position. Reconstruction of a high-resolution B-scan from coherent addition of sub-spectrum confocal function corrected B-scans and subsequent high-resolution OCT attenuation coefficient imaging is demonstrated. Furthermore, we introduce a method to experimentally determine the chromatic focal shifts of an OCT system in phantoms and an in vivo human retina. These shifts are compared to the theoretically expected shifts calculated with ray tracing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Kübler
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vincent S. Zoutenbier
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Optics, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, TNO, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs Buist
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Optics, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, TNO, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jörg Fischer
- Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arjen Amelink
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Optics, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, TNO, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes F. de Boer
- LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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Potapov A, Matveev L, Moiseev A, Sedova E, Loginova M, Karabut M, Kuznetsova I, Levchenko V, Grebenkina E, Gamayunov S, Radenska-Lopovok S, Sirotkina M, Gladkova N. Multimodal OCT Control for Early Histological Signs of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus Recurrence after Systemic PDT: Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13967. [PMID: 37762270 PMCID: PMC10531024 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a modern treatment for severe or treatment-resistant vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS). The chronic and recurrent nature of VLS requires control of recurrences at an early stage. In this paper, a non-invasive multimodal optical coherence tomography (OCT) method was used to control for early histological signs of VLS recurrence after systemic PDT using Photodithazine®. To interpret the OCT data, a histological examination was performed before PDT and 3 months after PDT. Two groups of patients were identified: with early histological signs of VLS recurrence (Group I, n = 5) and without histological signs of VLS recurrence (Group II, n = 6). We use structural OCT, OCT angiography, and OCT lymphangiography throughout 6 months after PDT to visually assess the skin components and to quantitatively assess the dermis by calculating the depth-resolved attenuation coefficient and the density of blood and lymphatic vessels. The OCT data assessment showed a statistically significant difference between the patient groups 3 months after PDT. In Group II, all the studied OCT parameters reached maximum values by the 3rd month after PDT, which indicated recovery of the skin structure. At the same time, in Group I, the values of OCT parameters did not approach the values those in Group II even after 6 months. The obtained results of multimodal OCT can be used for non-invasive control of early histological recurrence of VLS after systemic PDT and for adjusting treatment tactics in advance, without waiting for new clinical manifestations of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arseniy Potapov
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Lev Matveev
- Institute of Applied Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (L.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Alexander Moiseev
- Institute of Applied Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (L.M.); (A.M.)
| | - Elena Sedova
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, 603126 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maria Loginova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.P.); (N.G.)
- Center of Photonics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maria Karabut
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Irina Kuznetsova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- N.A. Semashko Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital, 603126 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | | | - Elena Grebenkina
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, 603126 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Kstovo Central District Hospital, 607650 Kstovo, Russia
| | - Sergey Gamayunov
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, 603126 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Stefka Radenska-Lopovok
- Institute of Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Sirotkina
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.P.); (N.G.)
| | - Natalia Gladkova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (A.P.); (N.G.)
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20
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Kuttippurath V, Slijkhuis N, Liu S, van Soest G. Spectroscopic optical coherence tomography at 1200 nm for lipid detection. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2023; 28:096002. [PMID: 37692562 PMCID: PMC10492233 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.28.9.096002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Significance Spectroscopic analysis of optical coherence tomography (OCT) data can yield added information about the sample's chemical composition, along with high-resolution images. Typical commercial OCT systems operate at wavelengths that may not be optimal for identifying lipid-containing samples based on absorption features. Aim The main aim of this study was to develop a 1200 nm spectroscopic OCT (SOCT) for the classification of lipid-based and water-based samples by extracting the lipid absorption peak at 1210 nm from the OCT data. Approach We developed a 1200 nm OCT system and implemented a signal processing algorithm that simultaneously retrieves spectroscopic and structural information from the sample. In this study, we validated the performance of our OCT system by imaging weakly scattering phantoms with and without lipid absorption features. An orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model was developed and applied to classify weakly scattering samples based on their absorption features. Results The OCT system achieved an axial resolution of 7.2 μ m and a sensitivity of 95 dB. The calibrated OPLS-DA model on weakly scattering samples with lipid and water-based absorption features correctly classified 19/20 validation samples. Conclusions The 1200 nm SOCT system can discriminate the lipid-containing weakly scattering samples from water-based weakly scattering samples with good predictive ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kuttippurath
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nuria Slijkhuis
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shengnan Liu
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs van Soest
- Delft University of Technology, Department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft, The Netherlands
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21
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Rosenfeld PJ, Cheng Y, Shen M, Gregori G, Wang RK. Unleashing the power of optical attenuation coefficients to facilitate segmentation strategies in OCT imaging of age-related macular degeneration: perspective. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:4947-4963. [PMID: 37791280 PMCID: PMC10545179 DOI: 10.1364/boe.496080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of optical attenuation coefficients (OAC) in optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging of the retina has improved the segmentation of anatomic layers compared with traditional intensity-based algorithms. Optical attenuation correction has improved our ability to measure the choroidal thickness and choroidal vascularity index using dense volume scans. Algorithms that combine conventional intensity-based segmentation with depth-resolved OAC OCT imaging have been used to detect elevations of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) due to drusen and basal laminar deposits, the location of hyperpigmentation within the retina and along the RPE, the identification of macular atrophy, the thickness of the outer retinal (photoreceptor) layer, and the presence of calcified drusen. OAC OCT algorithms can identify the risk-factors that predict disease progression in age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J. Rosenfeld
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer
Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of
Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Yuxuan Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering,
University of Washington, Seattle,
Washington, USA
| | - Mengxi Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer
Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of
Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Giovanni Gregori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer
Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of
Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ruikang K. Wang
- Department of Bioengineering,
University of Washington, Seattle,
Washington, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology,
University of Washington, Seattle,
Washington, USA
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22
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Wang Y, Wei S, Kang JU. Depth-dependent attenuation and backscattering characterization of optical coherence tomography by stationary iterative method. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2023; 28:085002. [PMID: 37638109 PMCID: PMC10449262 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.28.8.085002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Significance Extracting optical properties of tissue [e.g., the attenuation coefficient (μ ) and the backscattering fraction] from the optical coherence tomography (OCT) images is a valuable tool for parametric imaging and related diagnostic applications. Previous attenuation estimation models depend on the assumption of the uniformity of the backscattering fraction (R ) within layers or whole samples, which does not accurately represent real-world conditions. Aim Our aim is to develop a robust and accurate model that calculates depth-wise values of attenuation and backscattering fractions simultaneously from OCT signals. Furthermore, we aim to develop an attenuation compensation model for OCT images that utilizes the optical properties we obtained to improve the visual representation of tissues. Approach Using the stationary iteration method under suitable constraint conditions, we derived the approximated solutions of μ and R on a single scattering model. During the iteration, the estimated value of μ can be rectified by introducing the large variations of R , whereas the small ones were automatically ignored. Based on the calculation of the structure information, the OCT intensity with attenuation compensation was deduced and compared with the original OCT profiles. Results The preliminary validation was performed in the OCT A-line simulation and Monte Carlo modeling, and the subsequent experiment was conducted on multi-layer silicone-dye-TiO 2 phantoms and ex vivo cow eyes. Our method achieved robust and precise estimation of μ and R for both simulated and experimental data. Moreover, corresponding OCT images with attenuation compensation provided an improved resolution over the entire imaging range. Conclusions Our proposed method was able to correct the estimation bias induced by the variations of R and provided accurate depth-resolved measurements of both μ and R simultaneously. The method does not require prior knowledge of the morphological information of tissue and represents more real-life tissues. Thus, it has the potential to help OCT imaging based disease diagnosis of complex and multi-layer biological tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaning Wang
- Johns Hopkins University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Shuwen Wei
- Johns Hopkins University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Jin U. Kang
- Johns Hopkins University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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23
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Zheng S, Shuyan W, Yingsa H, Meichen S. QOCT-Net: A Physics-Informed Neural Network for Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography Attenuation Imaging. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2023; 27:3958-3969. [PMID: 37192030 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2023.3276422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) provides high-resolution, depth-resolved images of coronary arterial microstructure by acquiring backscattered light. Quantitative attenuation imaging is important for accurate characterization of tissue components and identification of vulnerable plaques. In this work, we proposed a deep learning method for IVOCT attenuation imaging based on the multiple scattering model of light transport. A physics-informed deep network named Quantitative OCT Network (QOCT-Net) was designed to recover pixel-level optical attenuation coefficients directly from standard IVOCT B-scan images. The network was trained and tested on simulation and in vivo datasets. Results showed superior attenuation coefficient estimates both visually and based on quantitative image metrics. The structural similarity, energy error depth and peak signal-to-noise ratio are improved by at least 7%, 5% and 12.4%, respectively, compared with the state-of-the-art non-learning methods. This method potentially enables high-precision quantitative imaging for tissue characterization and vulnerable plaque identification.
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24
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Cannon TM, Bouma BE, Uribe-Patarroyo N. Mapping optical scattering properties to physical particle information in singly and multiply scattering samples. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:4326-4348. [PMID: 37799686 PMCID: PMC10549752 DOI: 10.1364/boe.494518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) leverages light scattering by biological tissues as endogenous contrast to form structural images. Light scattering behavior is dictated by the optical properties of the tissue, which depend on microstructural details at the cellular or sub-cellular level. Methods to measure these properties from OCT intensity data have been explored in the context of a number of biomedical applications seeking to access this sub-resolution tissue microstructure and thereby increase the diagnostic impact of OCT. Most commonly, the optical attenuation coefficient, an analogue of the scattering coefficient, has been used as a surrogate metric linking OCT intensity to subcellular particle characteristics. To record attenuation coefficient data that is accurately representative of the underlying physical properties of a given sample, it is necessary to account for the impact of the OCT imaging system itself on the distribution of light intensity in the sample, including the numerical aperture (NA) of the system and the location of the focal plane with respect to the sample surface, as well as the potential contribution of multiple scattering to the reconstructed intensity signal. Although these considerations complicate attenuation coefficient measurement and interpretation, a suitably calibrated system may potentiate a powerful strategy for gaining additional information about the scattering behavior and microstructure of samples. In this work, we experimentally show that altering the OCT system geometry minimally impacts measured attenuation coefficients in samples presumed to be singly scattering, but changes these measurements in more highly scattering samples. Using both depth-resolved attenuation coefficient data and layer-resolved backscattering coefficients, we demonstrate the retrieval of scattering particle diameter and concentration in tissue-mimicking phantoms, and the impact of presumed multiple scattering on these calculations. We further extend our approach to characterize a murine brain tissue sample and highlight a tumor-bearing region based on increased scattering particle density. Through these methods, we not only enhance conventional OCT attenuation coefficient analysis by decoupling the independent effects of particle size and concentration, but also discriminate areas of strong multiple scattering through minor changes to system topology to provide a framework for assessing the accuracy of these measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M. Cannon
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute of Medical Engineering and Science, 70 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 40 Blossom St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Brett E. Bouma
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Institute of Medical Engineering and Science, 70 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 40 Blossom St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Néstor Uribe-Patarroyo
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 40 Blossom St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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25
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Amaral MM, Sun A, Li Y, Ren C, Truong AB, Nigam S, Jiao Z, Wang P, Zhou C. Three-dimensional imaging and quantification of mouse ovarian follicles via optical coherence tomography. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:3213-3224. [PMID: 37497517 PMCID: PMC10368055 DOI: 10.1364/boe.489618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian tissue cryopreservation has been successfully applied worldwide for fertility preservation. Correctly selecting the ovarian tissue with high follicle loading for freezing and reimplantation increases the likelihood of restoring ovarian function, but it is a challenging process. In this work, we explore the use of three-dimensional spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to identify different follicular stages, compare the identifications with H&E images, and measure the size and age-related follicular density distribution differences in mice ovaries. We use the thickness of the layers of granulosa cells to differentiate primordial and primary follicles from secondary follicles. The measured dimensions and age-related follicular distribution agree well with histological images and physiological aging. Finally, we apply attenuation coefficient map analyses to significantly improve the image contrast and the contrast-to-noise ratio (p < 0.001), facilitating follicle identification and quantification. We conclude that SD-OCT is a promising method to noninvasively evaluate ovarian follicles for ovarian tissue cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Magri Amaral
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Washington University in St Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO, USA
- Universidade Brasil, Rua Carolina Fonseca 235, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Aixia Sun
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yilin Li
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Washington University in St Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chao Ren
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Washington University in St Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anh Blue Truong
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Washington University in St Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Saumya Nigam
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Zexu Jiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tx, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
- Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Chao Zhou
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Washington University in St Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO, USA
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26
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Li S, Luo H, Kou S, Hagemann IS, Zhu Q. Depth-resolved attenuation mapping of the human ovary and fallopian tube using optical coherence tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202300002. [PMID: 36916760 PMCID: PMC10656701 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to the lack of reliable early-diagnostic tools, most ovarian cancers are diagnosed at late stages. Although optical coherence tomography (OCT) has shown promise for identifying diseased ovaries and fallopian tubes at an earlier stage, previous studies either did not provide quantitative scattering mapping or simply used Beer's law to fit the scattering coefficients of each A-line. In this paper, we calculated the pixel-wise attenuation coefficients of ovaries and fallopian tubes in OCT images. Data from 73 freshly excised human ovaries and fallopian tubes from 36 patients have shown that statistical features are statistically different between cancerous ovaries, infundibula, and fimbriae and normal ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 63130 St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Hongbo Luo
- Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA
| | - Sitai Kou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 63130 St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ian S. Hagemann
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, 63110 St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, 63110 St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Quing Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, 63130 St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, 63130, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 63110 St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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27
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Neubrand LB, van Leeuwen TG, Faber DJ. Accuracy and precision of depth-resolved estimation of attenuation coefficients in optical coherence tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2023; 28:066001. [PMID: 37325192 PMCID: PMC10265837 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.28.6.066001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Significance Parametric imaging of the attenuation coefficient μ OCT using optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a promising approach for evaluating abnormalities in tissue. To date, a standardized measure of accuracy and precision of μ OCT by the depth-resolved estimation (DRE) method, as an alternative to least squares fitting, is missing. Aim We present a robust theoretical framework to determine accuracy and precision of the DRE of μ OCT . Approach We derive and validate analytical expressions for the accuracy and precision of μ OCT determination by the DRE using simulated OCT signals in absence and presence of noise. We compare the theoretically achievable precisions of the DRE method and the least-squares fitting approach. Results Our analytical expressions agree with the numerical simulations for high signal-to-noise ratios and qualitatively describe the dependence on noise otherwise. A commonly used simplification of the DRE method results in a systematic overestimation of the attenuation coefficient in the order of μ OCT 2 × Δ , where Δ is the pixel stepsize. When μ OCT · | AFR | ≲ 1.8 , μ OCT is reconstructed with higher precision by the depth-resolved method compared to fitting over the length of an axial fitting range | AFR | . Conclusions We derived and validated expressions for the accuracy and precision of DRE of μ OCT . A commonly used simplification of this method is not recommended as being used for OCT-attenuation reconstruction. We give a rule of thumb providing guidance in the choice of estimation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda B. Neubrand
- Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ton G. van Leeuwen
- Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J. Faber
- Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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28
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Lee J, Beirami MJ, Ebrahimpour R, Puyana C, Tsoukas M, Avanaki K. Optical coherence tomography confirms non-malignant pigmented lesions in phacomatosis pigmentokeratotica using a support vector machine learning algorithm. Skin Res Technol 2023; 29:e13377. [PMID: 37357662 PMCID: PMC10228288 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Phacomatosis pigmentokeratotica (PPK), an epidermal nevus syndrome, is characterized by the coexistence of nevus spilus and nevus sebaceus. Within the nevus spilus, an extensive range of atypical nevi of different morphologies may manifest. Pigmented lesions may fulfill the ABCDE criteria for melanoma, which may prompt a physician to perform a full-thickness biopsy. MOTIVATION Excisions result in pain, mental distress, and physical disfigurement. For patients with a significant number of nevi with morphologic atypia, it may not be physically feasible to biopsy a large number of lesions. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging modality that may be used to visualize non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancers. MATERIALS AND METHOD In this study, we used OCT to image pigmented lesions with morphologic atypia in a patient with PPK and assessed their quantitative optical properties compared to OCT cases of melanoma. We implement a support vector machine learning algorithm with Gabor wavelet transformation algorithm during post-image processing to extract optical properties and calculate attenuation coefficients. RESULTS The algorithm was trained and tested to extract and classify textural data. CONCLUSION We conclude that implementing this post-imaging machine learning algorithm to OCT images of pigmented lesions in PPK has been able to successfully confirm benign optical properties. Additionally, we identified remarkable differences in attenuation coefficient values and tissue optical characteristics, further defining separating benign features of pigmented lesions in PPK from malignant features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Lee
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Illinois‐ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Mohammad Javad Beirami
- Center for Cognitive ScienceInstitute for Convergence Science and Technology (ICST)Sharif University of TechnologyTehranIslamic Republic of Iran
| | - Reza Ebrahimpour
- Center for Cognitive ScienceInstitute for Convergence Science and Technology (ICST)Sharif University of TechnologyTehranIslamic Republic of Iran
- Department of Computer EngineeringShahid Rajaee Teacher Training UniversityTehranIslamic Republic of Iran
- School of Cognitive SciencesInstitute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM)TehranIslamic Republic of Iran
| | - Carolina Puyana
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Illinois‐ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Maria Tsoukas
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Illinois‐ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Kamran Avanaki
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Illinois‐ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Illinois‐ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
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29
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Won J, Monroy GL, Khampang P, Barkalifa R, Hong W, Chaney EJ, Aksamitiene E, Porter RG, Novak MA, Spillman DR, Kerschner JE, Boppart SA. In Vivo Optical Characterization of Middle Ear Effusions and Biofilms During Otitis Media. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2023; 24:325-337. [PMID: 37253962 PMCID: PMC10335988 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-023-00901-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Otitis media (OM), a common ear infection, is characterized by the presence of an accumulated middle ear effusion (MEE) in a normally air-filled middle ear cavity. While assessing the MEE plays a critical role in the overall management of OM, identifying and examining the MEE is challenging with the current diagnostic tools since the MEE is located behind the semi-opaque eardrum. The objective of this cross-sectional, observational study is to non-invasively visualize and characterize MEEs and bacterial biofilms in the middle ear. A portable, handheld, otoscope-integrated optical coherence tomography (OCT) system combined with novel analytical methods has been developed. In vivo middle ear OCT images were acquired from 53 pediatric subjects (average age of 3.9 years; all awake during OCT imaging) diagnosed with OM and undergoing a surgical procedure (ear tube surgery) to aspirate the MEE and aerate the middle ear. In vivo middle ear OCT acquired prior to the surgery was compared with OCT of the freshly extracted MEEs, clinical diagnosis, and post-operative evaluations. Among the subjects who were identified with the presence of MEEs, 89.6% showed the presence of the TM-adherent biofilm in in vivo OCT. This study provides an atlas of middle ear OCT images exhibiting a range of depth-resolved MEE features, which can only be visualized and assessed non-invasively through OCT. Quantitative metrics of OCT images acquired prior to the surgery were statistically correlated with surgical evaluations of MEEs. Measurements of MEE characteristics will provide new readily available information that can lead to improved diagnosis and management strategies for the highly prevalent OM in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungeun Won
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Guillermo L Monroy
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Pawjai Khampang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Ronit Barkalifa
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Wenzhou Hong
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Eric J Chaney
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Edita Aksamitiene
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Ryan G Porter
- Department of Otolaryngology, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Michael A Novak
- Department of Otolaryngology, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Darold R Spillman
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Joseph E Kerschner
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
- Division of Otolaryngology and Pediatric Otolaryngology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Stephen A Boppart
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- NIH/NIBIB P41 Center for Label-free Imaging and Multiscale Biophotonics (CLIMB), University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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30
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Gubarkova E, Kiseleva E, Moiseev A, Vorontsov D, Kuznetsov S, Plekhanov A, Karabut M, Sirotkina M, Gelikonov G, Gamayunov S, Vorontsov A, Krivorotko P, Gladkova N. Intraoperative Assessment of Breast Cancer Tissues after Breast-Conserving Surgery Based on Mapping the Attenuation Coefficients in 3D Cross-Polarization Optical Coherence Tomography. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092663. [PMID: 37174128 PMCID: PMC10177188 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraoperative differentiation of tumorous from non-tumorous tissue can help in the assessment of resection margins in breast cancer and its response to therapy and, potentially, reduce the incidence of tumor recurrence. In this study, the calculation of the attenuation coefficient and its color-coded 2D distribution was performed for different breast cancer subtypes using spectral-domain CP OCT. A total of 68 freshly excised human breast specimens containing tumorous and surrounding non-tumorous tissues after BCS was studied. Immediately after obtaining structural 3D CP OCT images, en face color-coded attenuation coefficient maps were built in co-(Att(co)) and cross-(Att(cross)) polarization channels using a depth-resolved approach to calculating the values in each A-scan. We determined spatially localized signal attenuation in both channels and reported ranges of attenuation coefficients to five selected breast tissue regions (adipose tissue, non-tumorous fibrous connective tissue, hyalinized tumor stroma, low-density tumor cells in the fibrotic tumor stroma and high-density clusters of tumor cells). The Att(cross) coefficient exhibited a stronger gain contrast of studied tissues compared to the Att(co) coefficient (i.e., conventional attenuation coefficient) and, therefore, allowed improved differentiation of all breast tissue types. It has been shown that color-coded attenuation coefficient maps may be used to detect inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity of various breast cancer subtypes as well as to assess the effectiveness of therapy. For the first time, the optimal threshold values of the attenuation coefficients to differentiate tumorous from non-tumorous breast tissues were determined. Diagnostic testing values for Att(cross) coefficient were higher for differentiation of tumor cell areas and tumor stroma from non-tumorous fibrous connective tissue: diagnostic accuracy was 91-99%, sensitivity-96-98%, and specificity-87-99%. Att(co) coefficient is more suitable for the differentiation of tumor cell areas from adipose tissue: diagnostic accuracy was 83%, sensitivity-84%, and specificity-84%. Therefore, the present study provides a new diagnostic approach to the differentiation of breast cancer tissue types based on the assessment of the attenuation coefficient from real-time CP OCT data and has the potential to be used for further rapid and accurate intraoperative assessment of the resection margins during BCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Gubarkova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Elena Kiseleva
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexander Moiseev
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanova St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Dmitry Vorontsov
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, 11/1 Delovaya St., 603126 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Sergey Kuznetsov
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, 11/1 Delovaya St., 603126 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Anton Plekhanov
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maria Karabut
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Marina Sirotkina
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Grigory Gelikonov
- Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanova St., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Sergey Gamayunov
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, 11/1 Delovaya St., 603126 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Alexey Vorontsov
- Nizhny Novgorod Regional Oncologic Hospital, 11/1 Delovaya St., 603126 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Petr Krivorotko
- N.N. Petrov National Medicine Research Center of Oncology, 68 Leningradskaya St., 197758 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia Gladkova
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Sq., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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Monroy GL, Erfanzadeh M, Tao M, DePaoli DT, Saytashev I, Nam SA, Rafi H, Kwong KC, Shea K, Vakoc BJ, Vasudevan S, Hammer DX. Development of polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography imaging platform and metrics to quantify electrostimulation-induced peripheral nerve injury in vivo in a small animal model. NEUROPHOTONICS 2023; 10:025004. [PMID: 37077218 PMCID: PMC10109528 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.10.2.025004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Significance Neuromodulation devices are rapidly evolving for the treatment of neurological diseases and conditions. Injury from implantation or long-term use without obvious functional losses is often only detectable through terminal histology. New technologies are needed that assess the peripheral nervous system (PNS) under normal and diseased or injured conditions. Aim We aim to demonstrate an imaging and stimulation platform that can elucidate the biological mechanisms and impacts of neurostimulation in the PNS and apply it to the sciatic nerve to extract imaging metrics indicating electrical overstimulation. Approach A sciatic nerve injury model in a 15-rat cohort was observed using a newly developed imaging and stimulation platform that can detect electrical overstimulation effects with polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography. The sciatic nerve was electrically stimulated using a custom-developed nerve holder with embedded electrodes for 1 h, followed by a 1-h recovery period, delivered at above-threshold Shannon model k -values in experimental groups: sham control (SC, n = 5 , 0.0 mA / 0 Hz ), stimulation level 1 (SL1, n = 5 , 3.4 mA / 50 Hz , and k = 2.57 ), and stimulation level 2 (SL2, n = 5 , 6.8 mA / 100 Hz , and k = 3.17 ). Results The stimulation and imaging system successfully captured study data across the cohort. When compared to a SC after a 1-week recovery, the fascicle closest to the stimulation lead showed an average change of + 4 % / - 309 % (SL1/SL2) in phase retardation and - 79 % / - 148 % in optical attenuation relative to SC. Analysis of immunohistochemistry (IHC) shows a + 1 % / - 36 % difference in myelin pixel counts and - 13 % / + 29 % difference in axon pixel counts, and an overall increase in cell nuclei pixel count of + 20 % / + 35 % . These metrics were consistent with IHC and hematoxylin/eosin tissue section analysis. Conclusions The poststimulation changes observed in our study are manifestations of nerve injury and repair, specifically degeneration and angiogenesis. Optical imaging metrics quantify these processes and may help evaluate the safety and efficacy of neuromodulation devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo L. Monroy
- U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Biomedical Physics, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
| | - Mohsen Erfanzadeh
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Michael Tao
- U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Biomedical Physics, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
| | - Damon T. DePaoli
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Ilyas Saytashev
- U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Biomedical Physics, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
| | - Stephanie A. Nam
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Harmain Rafi
- U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Biomedical Physics, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
| | - Kasey C. Kwong
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Katherine Shea
- U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Science, Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
| | - Benjamin J. Vakoc
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Division of Health Science and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Srikanth Vasudevan
- U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Biomedical Physics, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
- Address all correspondence to Srikanth Vasudevan, ; Daniel X. Hammer,
| | - Daniel X. Hammer
- U. S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Division of Biomedical Physics, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States
- Address all correspondence to Srikanth Vasudevan, ; Daniel X. Hammer,
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Lu J, Cheng Y, Li J, Liu Z, Shen M, Zhang Q, Liu J, Herrera G, Hiya FE, Morin R, Joseph J, Gregori G, Rosenfeld PJ, Wang RK. Automated segmentation and quantification of calcified drusen in 3D swept source OCT imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:1292-1306. [PMID: 36950236 PMCID: PMC10026581 DOI: 10.1364/boe.485999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Qualitative and quantitative assessments of calcified drusen are clinically important for determining the risk of disease progression in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This paper reports the development of an automated algorithm to segment and quantify calcified drusen on swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) images. The algorithm leverages the higher scattering property of calcified drusen compared with soft drusen. Calcified drusen have a higher optical attenuation coefficient (OAC), which results in a choroidal hypotransmission defect (hypoTD) below the calcified drusen. We show that it is possible to automatically segment calcified drusen from 3D SS-OCT scans by combining the OAC within drusen and the hypoTDs under drusen. We also propose a correction method for the segmentation of the retina pigment epithelium (RPE) overlying calcified drusen by automatically correcting the RPE by an amount of the OAC peak width along each A-line, leading to more accurate segmentation and quantification of drusen in general, and the calcified drusen in particular. A total of 29 eyes with nonexudative AMD and calcified drusen imaged with SS-OCT using the 6 × 6 mm2 scanning pattern were used in this study to test the performance of the proposed automated method. We demonstrated that the method achieved good agreement with the human expert graders in identifying the area of calcified drusen (Dice similarity coefficient: 68.27 ± 11.09%, correlation coefficient of the area measurements: r = 0.9422, the mean bias of the area measurements = 0.04781 mm2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Yuxuan Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jianqing Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ziyu Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Mengxi Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Qinqin Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Research and Development, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Gissel Herrera
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Farhan E. Hiya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Rosalyn Morin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Joan Joseph
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Giovanni Gregori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Philip J. Rosenfeld
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Ruikang K. Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Estaji M, Hosseini B, Bozorg-Qomi S, Ebrahimi B. Pathophysiology and diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy: a narrative review. J Investig Med 2023; 71:265-278. [PMID: 36718824 DOI: 10.1177/10815589221145040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is an endocrine disorder which is known by abnormal high blood glucose levels. There are two main categories of diabetes: type I (10%-15%) and type II (85%-90%). Although type II is more common, type I is the most common form in children. Diabetic retinopathy (DR), which remains the foremost cause of losing vision in working-age populations, can be considered as the main complication of diabetes mellitus. So choosing the best method for diagnosing, tracking, and treating the DR is vital to enhance the quality of life and decrease the medical expenses. Each method for diagnosing DR has some advantages and the best way must be selected according to the points that we need to find. For writing this manuscript, we made a list of relevant keywords including diabetes, DR, pathophysiology, ultrawide field imaging, fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography-angiography, and then we started searching for studies in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. This review article covers the pathophysiology of DR and medical imaging techniques to monitor DR. First, we introduce DR and its pathophysiology and then we present the medical imaging techniques to monitor it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadese Estaji
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bita Hosseini
- Bioscience Research Group, School of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Saeed Bozorg-Qomi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Babak Ebrahimi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Fitzgerald S, Akhtar J, Schartner E, Ebendorff-Heidepriem H, Mahadevan-Jansen A, Li J. Multimodal Raman spectroscopy and optical coherence tomography for biomedical analysis. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202200231. [PMID: 36308009 PMCID: PMC10082563 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202200231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Optical techniques hold great potential to detect and monitor disease states as they are a fast, non-invasive toolkit. Raman spectroscopy (RS) in particular is a powerful label-free method capable of quantifying the biomolecular content of tissues. Still, spontaneous Raman scattering lacks information about tissue morphology due to its inability to rapidly assess a large field of view. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is an interferometric optical method capable of fast, depth-resolved imaging of tissue morphology, but lacks detailed molecular contrast. In many cases, pairing label-free techniques into multimodal systems allows for a more diverse field of applications. Integrating RS and OCT into a single instrument allows for both structural imaging and biochemical interrogation of tissues and therefore offers a more comprehensive means for clinical diagnosis. This review summarizes the efforts made to date toward combining spontaneous RS-OCT instrumentation for biomedical analysis, including insights into primary design considerations and data interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Fitzgerald
- Vanderbilt Biophotonics Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jobaida Akhtar
- School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Erik Schartner
- School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Heike Ebendorff-Heidepriem
- School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Anita Mahadevan-Jansen
- Vanderbilt Biophotonics Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jiawen Li
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Pramil V, de Sisternes L, Omlor L, Lewis W, Sheikh H, Chu Z, Manivannan N, Durbin M, Wang RK, Rosenfeld PJ, Shen M, Guymer R, Liang MC, Gregori G, Waheed NK. A Deep Learning Model for Automated Segmentation of Geographic Atrophy Imaged Using Swept-Source OCT. Ophthalmol Retina 2023; 7:127-141. [PMID: 35970318 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a deep learning algorithm for segmentation of geographic atrophy (GA) using en face swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) images that is accurate and reproducible for the assessment of GA growth over time. DESIGN Retrospective review of images obtained as part of a prospective natural history study. SUBJECTS Patients with GA (n = 90), patients with early or intermediate age-related macular degeneration (n = 32), and healthy controls (n = 16). METHODS An automated algorithm using scan volume data to generate 3 image inputs characterizing the main OCT features of GA-hypertransmission in subretinal pigment epithelium (sub-RPE) slab, regions of RPE loss, and loss of retinal thickness-was trained using 126 images (93 with GA and 33 without GA, from the same number of eyes) using a fivefold cross-validation method and data augmentation techniques. It was tested in an independent set of one hundred eighty 6 × 6-mm2 macular SS-OCT scans consisting of 3 repeated scans of 30 eyes with GA at baseline and follow-up as well as 45 images obtained from 42 eyes without GA. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The GA area, enlargement rate of GA area, square root of GA area, and square root of the enlargement rate of GA area measurements were calculated using the automated algorithm and compared with ground truth calculations performed by 2 manual graders. The repeatability of these measurements was determined using intraclass coefficients (ICCs). RESULTS There were no significant differences in the GA areas, enlargement rates of GA area, square roots of GA area, and square roots of the enlargement rates of GA area between the graders and the automated algorithm. The algorithm showed high repeatability, with ICCs of 0.99 and 0.94 for the GA area measurements and the enlargement rates of GA area, respectively. The repeatability limit for the GA area measurements made by grader 1, grader 2, and the automated algorithm was 0.28, 0.33, and 0.92 mm2, respectively. CONCLUSIONS When compared with manual methods, this proposed deep learning-based automated algorithm for GA segmentation using en face SS-OCT images was able to accurately delineate GA and produce reproducible measurements of the enlargement rates of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Pramil
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; New England Eye Center, Tufts New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Lars Omlor
- Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc, Dublin, California
| | - Warren Lewis
- Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc, Dublin, California; Bayside Photonics, Inc, Yellow Springs, Ohio
| | - Harris Sheikh
- New England Eye Center, Tufts New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zhongdi Chu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Washington Seattle, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | - Ruikang K Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Washington Seattle, Seattle, Washington
| | - Philip J Rosenfeld
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Mengxi Shen
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Robyn Guymer
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michelle C Liang
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; New England Eye Center, Tufts New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Giovanni Gregori
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Nadia K Waheed
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; New England Eye Center, Tufts New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Potapov A, Loginova M, Moiseev A, Radenska-Lopovok S, Kuznetsov S, Kuznetsova I, Mustafina N, Safonov I, Gladkova N, Sirotkina M. Cross-Polarization Optical Coherence Tomography for Clinical Evaluation of Dermal Lesion Degrees in Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus. Sovrem Tekhnologii Med 2023; 15:53-60. [PMID: 37388751 PMCID: PMC10306962 DOI: 10.17691/stm2023.15.1.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify different degrees of dermal lesions in vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) using cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP OCT) based on attenuation coefficient to detect disease early manifestations and to monitor the effectiveness of treatment. Materials and Methods The study included 10 patients without pathology and 39 patients with VLS diagnosed histologically. CP OCT was performed in vivo on the inner surface of the labia minora, in the main lesion area. From each scanning point, a 3.4×3.4×1.25-mm3 3D data array was obtained in 26 s. CP OCT examination results were compared with histological examination of specimens stained with Van Gieson's picrofuchsin.Quantitative analysis of OCT images was performed by measuring the attenuation coefficient in co-polarization and cross-polarization. For visual analysis, color-coded charts were developed based on OCT attenuation coefficients. Results According to histological examination, all patients with VLS were divided into 4 groups as per dermal lesion degree: initial (8 patients); mild (7 patients); moderate (9 patients); severe (15 patients). Typical features of different degrees were interfibrillary edema up to 250 μm deep for initial degree, thickened collagen bundles without edema up to 350 μm deep for mild degree, dermis homogenization up to 700 μm deep for moderate degree, dermis homogenization and total edema up to 1200 μm deep for severe degree.Pathological processes in dermis during VLS like interfibrillary edema and collagen bundles homogenization were visualized using CP OCT method based on values of attenuation coefficient in co- and cross-polarization channels. However, CP OCT method appeared to be less sensitive to changes of collagen bundles thickness not allowing to distinguish thickened collagen bundles from normal ones with enough statistical significance. The CP OCT method was able to differentiate all degrees of dermal lesions among themselves. OCT attenuation coefficients differed from normal condition with statistical significance for all degrees of lesions, except for mild. Conclusion For the first time, quantitative parameters for each degrees of dermis lesion in VLS, including initial degree, were determined by CP OCT method allowing to detect the disease at an early stage and to monitor the applied clinical treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.L. Potapov
- PhD Student, Laboratory Assistant, Scientific Laboratory of Optical Coherence Tomography, Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - M.M. Loginova
- Junior Researcher, Scientific Laboratory of Optical Coherence Tomography, Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia; PhD Student, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine; National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, 23 Prospekt Gagarina, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - A.A. Moiseev
- Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Highly Sensitive Optical Measurements; Federal Research Center Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 46 Ulyanova St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Russia
| | - S.G. Radenska-Lopovok
- Professor, Institute of Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8/2 Malaya Trubetskaya St., Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - S.S. Kuznetsov
- Professor, Head of Pathological Department; Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital named after N.A. Semashko, 190 Rodionova St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603126, Russia
| | - I.A. Kuznetsova
- Head of the 2 Gynecological Department; Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital named after N.A. Semashko, 190 Rodionova St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603126, Russia Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - N.N. Mustafina
- Obstetrician-Gynecologist; Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital named after N.A. Semashko, 190 Rodionova St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603126, Russia
| | - I.K. Safonov
- Obstetrician-Gynecologist; Nizhny Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital named after N.A. Semashko, 190 Rodionova St., Nizhny Novgorod, 603126, Russia
| | - N.D. Gladkova
- Professor, Head of the Scientific Laboratory of Optical Coherence Tomography, Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
| | - M.A. Sirotkina
- Director of the Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies; Privolzhsky Research Medical University, 10/1 Minin and Pozharsky Square, Nizhny Novgorod, 603005, Russia
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Amaral MM, Sun A, Li Y, Ren C, Truong AB, Nigam S, Jiao Z, Wang P, Zhou C. Three-dimensional imaging and quantification of mouse ovarian follicles via optical coherence tomography. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.23.525192. [PMID: 36747698 PMCID: PMC9900855 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.23.525192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian tissue cryopreservation has been successfully applied worldwide for fertility preservation. Correctly selecting the ovarian tissue with high follicle loading for freezing and reimplantation increases the likelihood of restoring ovarian function, but it is a challenging process. In this work, we explore the use of three-dimensional spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to identify different follicular stages, especially primary follicles, compare the identifications with H&E images, and measure the size and age-related follicular density distribution differences in mice ovaries. We use the thickness of the layers of granulosa cells to differentiate primordial and primary follicles from secondary follicles. The measured dimensions and age-related follicular distribution agree well with histological images and physiological aging. Finally, we apply attenuation coefficient map analyses to significantly improve the image contrast and the contrast-to-noise ratio (p < 0.001), facilitating follicle identification and quantification. We conclude that SD-OCT is a promising method to noninvasively evaluate ovarian follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Magri Amaral
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Washington University in St Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO, USA,Universidade Brasil, Rua Carolina Fonseca 235, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Aixia Sun
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA,Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yilin Li
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Washington University in St Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Chao Ren
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Washington University in St Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anh Blue Truong
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Washington University in St Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Saumya Nigam
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA,Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Zexu Jiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tx, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA,Department of Radiology, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA,Corresponding authors: Chao Zhou (), Ping Wang ()
| | - Chao Zhou
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Washington University in St Louis, 1 Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO, USA,Corresponding authors: Chao Zhou (), Ping Wang ()
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Achkasova KA, Moiseev AA, Yashin KS, Kiseleva EB, Bederina EL, Loginova MM, Medyanik IA, Gelikonov GV, Zagaynova EV, Gladkova ND. Nondestructive label-free detection of peritumoral white matter damage using cross-polarization optical coherence tomography. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1133074. [PMID: 36937429 PMCID: PMC10017731 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1133074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction To improve the quality of brain tumor resections, it is important to differentiate zones with myelinated fibers destruction from tumor tissue and normal white matter. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a promising tool for brain tissue visualization and in the present study, we demonstrate the ability of cross-polarization (CP) OCT to detect damaged white matter and differentiate it from normal and tumor tissues. Materials and methods The study was performed on 215 samples of brain tissue obtained from 57 patients with brain tumors. The analysis of the obtained OCT data included three stages: 1) visual analysis of structural OCT images; 2) quantitative assessment based on attenuation coefficients estimation in co- and cross-polarizations; 3) building of color-coded maps with subsequent visual analysis. The defining characteristics of structural CP OCT images and color-coded maps were determined for each studied tissue type, and then two classification tests were passed by 8 blinded respondents after a training. Results Visual assessment of structural CP OCT images allows detecting white matter areas with damaged myelinated fibers and differentiate them from normal white matter and tumor tissue. Attenuation coefficients also allow distinguishing all studied brain tissue types, while it was found that damage to myelinated fibers leads to a statistically significant decrease in the values of attenuation coefficients compared to normal white matter. Nevertheless, the use of color-coded optical maps looks more promising as it combines the objectivity of optical coefficient and clarity of the visual assessment, which leads to the increase of the diagnostic accuracy of the method compared to visual analysis of structural OCT images. Conclusions Alteration of myelinated fibers causes changes in the scattering properties of the white matter, which gets reflected in the nature of the received CP OCT signal. Visual assessment of structural CP OCT images and color-coded maps allows differentiating studied tissue types from each other, while usage of color-coded maps demonstrates higher diagnostic accuracy values in comparison with structural images (F-score = 0.85-0.86 and 0.81, respectively). Thus, the results of the study confirm the potential of using OCT as a neuronavigation tool during resections of brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia A. Achkasova
- Research institute of experimental oncology and biomedical technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- *Correspondence: Ksenia A. Achkasova,
| | - Alexander A. Moiseev
- Laboratory of Highly Sensitive Optical Measurements, Institute of Applied Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Konstantin S. Yashin
- Department of oncology and neurosurgery, University clinic, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Elena B. Kiseleva
- Research institute of experimental oncology and biomedical technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Evgenia L. Bederina
- Department of pathology, University clinic, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maria M. Loginova
- Research institute of experimental oncology and biomedical technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Igor A. Medyanik
- Department of oncology and neurosurgery, University clinic, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Grigory V. Gelikonov
- Laboratory of Highly Sensitive Optical Measurements, Institute of Applied Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Elena V. Zagaynova
- Research institute of experimental oncology and biomedical technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Lobachevsky State University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Natalia D. Gladkova
- Research institute of experimental oncology and biomedical technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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Cheloni R, Denniss J. Concordance of Objectively Detected Retinal Nerve Fiber Bundle Defects in En Face OCT Images with Conventional Structural and Functional Changes in Glaucoma. Ophthalmol Glaucoma 2023; 6:78-92. [PMID: 35835434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ogla.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess how objectively detected defects in retinal nerve fiber bundle (RNFB) reflectance on en face OCT images relate to circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (cpRNFLT) and visual field defects. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Sixteen participants with early glaucoma and 29 age-matched healthy controls, of whom 22 had usable en face images for the establishment of normative levels of RNFB reflectance. METHODS All the participants underwent cpRNFLT scans, visual field examination, and wide-field OCT. En face reflectivity was assessed objectively using the Summary of Multiple Anatomically Adjusted Slabs method. En face defects were deemed concordant with cpRNFLT when they had at least 1 cpRNFLT point with P < 0.01, within ± 15° of the predicted insertion on the optic disc. Visual fields were examined using custom suprathreshold perimetry and SITA Standard 24-2. For each visual field location, the corresponding reflectance was deemed abnormal if any en face superpixel within ± 1° was abnormal. The overall, positive, and negative agreements were measured in each participant. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Proportion of concordant defects between en face reflectance analysis and cpRNFLT (%) as well as overall, positive, and negative agreements between en face reflectance analysis and visual field results. RESULTS Most en face abnormalities had concordant cpRNFLT defects in the mapped sector (median proportion concordant, 0.85; interquartile range, 0.74-0.95). In eyes with glaucoma, a median of 8.1% (range, 2.4%-23.7%) and 14.9% (range, 3.5%-29.1%) locations showed corresponding en face and visual field defects using 24-2 and custom perimetry, respectively. Both the perimetric strategies had moderate-to-good raw agreement with en face analysis (0.66-0.68), with stronger agreement on normal findings than on defects (0.77-0.78 and 0.4-0.44). CONCLUSIONS Objectively extracted reflectance defects showed strong concordance with conventional cpRNFLT damage and good agreement with perimetry, which could be enhanced by further minimization of image artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Cheloni
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Denniss
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Bradford, United Kingdom.
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Yang J, Chang S, Chen IA, Kura S, Rosen GA, Saltiel NA, Huber BR, Varadarajan D, Balbastre Y, Magnain C, Chen SC, Fischl B, McKee AC, Boas DA, Wang H. Volumetric Characterization of Microvasculature in Ex Vivo Human Brain Samples By Serial Sectioning Optical Coherence Tomography. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2022; 69:3645-3656. [PMID: 35560084 PMCID: PMC9888394 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2022.3175072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Serial sectioning optical coherence tomography (OCT) enables accurate volumetric reconstruction of several cubic centimeters of human brain samples. We aimed to identify anatomical features of the ex vivo human brain, such as intraparenchymal blood vessels and axonal fiber bundles, from the OCT data in 3D, using intrinsic optical contrast. METHODS We developed an automatic processing pipeline to enable characterization of the intraparenchymal microvascular network in human brain samples. RESULTS We demonstrated the automatic extraction of the vessels down to a 20 μm in diameter using a filtering strategy followed by a graphing representation and characterization of the geometrical properties of microvascular network in 3D. We also showed the ability to extend this processing strategy to extract axonal fiber bundles from the volumetric OCT image. CONCLUSION This method provides a viable tool for quantitative characterization of volumetric microvascular network as well as the axonal bundle properties in normal and pathological tissues of the ex vivo human brain.
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Xu W, Wang H. Using beam-offset optical coherence tomography to reconstruct backscattered photon profiles in scattering media. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:6124-6135. [PMID: 36733762 PMCID: PMC9872868 DOI: 10.1364/boe.469082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Raster scanning imaging technologies capture least scattered photons (LSPs) and reject multiple scattered photons (MSPs) in backscattered photons to image the underlying structures of a scattering medium. However, MSPs can still squeeze into the images, resulting in limited imaging depth, degraded contrast, and significantly reduced lateral resolution. Great efforts have been made to understand how MSPs affect imaging performance through modeling, but the techniques for visualizing the backscattered photon profile (BSPP) in scattering media during imaging are unavailable. Here, a method of reconstructing BSPP is demonstrated using beam-offset optical coherence tomography (OCT), in which OCT images are acquired at offset positions from the illumination beam. The separation of LSPs and MSPs based on the BSPP enables quantification of imaging depth, contrast, and lateral resolution, as well as access to the depth-resolved modulated transfer function (MTF). This approach presents great opportunities for better retrieving tissue optical properties, correctly interpreting images, or directly using MTF as the feedback for adaptive optical imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Xu
- The Department of Chemical, Paper, and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, 45056 OH, USA
- The Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- The Department of Chemical, Paper, and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, 45056 OH, USA
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Cheung H, Swanson WH, King BJ. Within-eye and between-subject variability for reflectance of the retinal nerve fibre layer. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2022; 42:1316-1325. [PMID: 35915921 PMCID: PMC9547838 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Reflectance of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) can contribute to detecting the presence of glaucomatous damage and defining its extent. As a step towards developing a normative database for RNFL reflectance, we assessed within-eye and between-subject variability for RNFL reflectance in healthy eyes. METHODS Vertical 30° × 15° volume scans at the optic disc were gathered using SD-OCT (Spectralis OCT) from people free of eye disease. Scans were gathered for both eyes of 30 younger adults (mean ± SD = 27 ± 3 years) and for one eye of 30 older adults (68 ± 8 years). Reflectance was quantified for each voxel as the depth-resolved attenuation coefficient (AC). Values for AC were extracted for four slabs (0-52, 24-52, 24-36 and 36-60 μm) and at depths from 24 to 60 μm below the inner limiting membrane (ILM) in 4 μm steps. RESULTS Between-subject and within-eye standard deviations (SDs) for the logarithm of AC were similar; median differences were 0.02-0.03 log unit across all four slabs and depths from 24 to 48 μm. Means for the logarithm of AC were higher for younger than older eyes by ~0.1 log unit; this age effect was not due to differences in the raw reflectance of the RNFL, but rather to age-related changes in reflectance of deeper retina affecting the calculation of AC. CONCLUSIONS In both groups, within-eye variability in RNFL reflectance near the optic disc was similar to between-subject variability. A better understanding of within-eye variability would be useful for developing normative databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hin Cheung
- Indiana University School of OptometryBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | | | - Brett J. King
- Indiana University School of OptometryBloomingtonIndianaUSA
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Strenge P, Lange B, Draxinger W, Grill C, Danicke V, Theisen-Kunde D, Hagel C, Spahr-Hess S, Bonsanto MM, Handels H, Huber R, Brinkmann R. Differentiation of different stages of brain tumor infiltration using optical coherence tomography: Comparison of two systems and histology. Front Oncol 2022; 12:896060. [PMID: 36110932 PMCID: PMC9468861 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.896060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The discrimination of tumor-infiltrated tissue from non-tumorous brain tissue during neurosurgical tumor excision is a major challenge in neurosurgery. It is critical to achieve full tumor removal since it directly correlates with the survival rate of the patient. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) might be an additional imaging method in the field of neurosurgery that enables the classification of different levels of tumor infiltration and non-tumorous tissue. This work investigated two OCT systems with different imaging wavelengths (930 nm/1310 nm) and different resolutions (axial (air): 4.9 μm/16 μm, lateral: 5.2 μm/22 μm) in their ability to identify different levels of tumor infiltration based on freshly excised ex vivo brain samples. A convolutional neural network was used for the classification. For both systems, the neural network could achieve classification accuracies above 91% for discriminating between healthy white matter and highly tumor infiltrated white matter (tumor infiltration >60%) .This work shows that both OCT systems with different optical properties achieve similar results regarding the identification of different stages of brain tumor infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Strenge
- Medical Laser Center Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
- *Correspondence: Paul Strenge,
| | | | | | - Christin Grill
- Institute of Biomedical Optics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | | | | | - Christian Hagel
- Institute for Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Spahr-Hess
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Matteo M. Bonsanto
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Heinz Handels
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
- German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Robert Huber
- Institute of Biomedical Optics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Ralf Brinkmann
- Medical Laser Center Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
- Institute of Biomedical Optics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
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Liu K, Yin M, Cai Z. Research and application advances in rehabilitation assessment of stroke. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:625-641. [PMID: 35953757 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Stroke has a high incidence and disability rate, and rehabilitation is an effective means to reduce the disability rate of patients. To systematize rehabilitation assessment, which is the foundation for rehabilitation therapy, we summarize the assessment methods commonly used in research and clinical applications, including the various types of stroke rehabilitation scales and their applicability, and related biomedical detection technologies, including surface electromyography (sEMG), motion analysis systems, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and combinations of different techniques. We also introduce some assessment techniques that are still in the experimental phase, such as the prospective application of artificial intelligence (AI) with optical correlation tomography (OCT) in stroke rehabilitation. This review provides a useful bibliography for the assessment of not only the severity of stroke injury, but also the therapeutic effects of stroke rehabilitation, and establishes a solid base for the future development of stroke rehabilitation skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezhou Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Automation (Artificial Intelligence), Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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Varadarajan D, Magnain C, Fogarty M, Boas DA, Fischl B, Wang H. A novel algorithm for multiplicative speckle noise reduction in ex vivo human brain OCT images. Neuroimage 2022; 257:119304. [PMID: 35568350 PMCID: PMC10018743 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of ex vivo human brain tissue are corrupted by multiplicative speckle noise that degrades the contrast to noise ratio (CNR) of microstructural compartments. This work proposes a novel algorithm to reduce noise corruption in OCT images that minimizes the penalized negative log likelihood of gamma distributed speckle noise. The proposed method is formulated as a majorize-minimize problem that reduces to solving an iterative regularized least squares optimization. We demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method by removing speckle in simulated data, phantom data and real OCT images of human brain tissue. We compare the proposed method with state of the art filtering and non-local means based denoising methods. We demonstrate that our approach removes speckle accurately, improves CNR between different tissue types and better preserves small features and edges in human brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Varadarajan
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Caroline Magnain
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Morgan Fogarty
- Imaging Science Program, Washington University McKelvey School of Engineering, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA; Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - David A Boas
- Biomedical Engineering and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Bruce Fischl
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard-MIT Health Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA; Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Locke AK, Zaki FR, Fitzgerald ST, Sudhir K, Monroy GL, Choi H, Won J, Mahadevan-Jansen A, Boppart SA. Differentiation of otitis media-causing bacteria and biofilms via Raman spectroscopy and optical coherence tomography. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:869761. [PMID: 36034696 PMCID: PMC9400059 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.869761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the management of otitis media (OM), identification of causative bacterial pathogens and knowledge of their biofilm formation can provide more targeted treatment approaches. Current clinical diagnostic methods rely on the visualization of the tympanic membrane and lack real-time assessment of the causative pathogen(s) and the nature of any biofilm that may reside behind the membrane and within the middle ear cavity. In recent years, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been demonstrated as an improved in vivo diagnostic tool for visualization and morphological characterization of OM biofilms and middle ear effusions; but lacks specificity about the causative bacterial species. This study proposes the combination of OCT and Raman spectroscopy (RS) to examine differences in the refractive index, optical attenuation, and biochemical composition of Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; four of the leading otopathogens in OM. This combination provides a dual optical approach for identifying and differentiating OM-causing bacterial species under three different in vitro growth environments (i.e., agar-grown colonies, planktonic cells from liquid cultures, and biofilms). This study showed that RS was able to identify key biochemical variations to differentiate all four OM-causing bacteria. Additionally, biochemical spectral changes (RS) and differences in the mean attenuation coefficient (OCT) were able to distinguish the growth environment for each bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K. Locke
- Vanderbilt Biophotonics Center, School of Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Farzana R. Zaki
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Sean T. Fitzgerald
- Vanderbilt Biophotonics Center, School of Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Kavya Sudhir
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, The Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Guillermo L. Monroy
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Honggu Choi
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Jungeun Won
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, The Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Anita Mahadevan-Jansen
- Vanderbilt Biophotonics Center, School of Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- *Correspondence: Stephen A. Boppart, ; Anita Mahadevan-Jansen,
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, The Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Stephen A. Boppart, ; Anita Mahadevan-Jansen,
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Chang S, Murff C, Leng T, Groth SL, Bowden AK. Depth-resolved extraction of optical attenuation for glaucoma assessment in clinical settings: a pilot study. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:4326-4337. [PMID: 36032564 PMCID: PMC9408251 DOI: 10.1364/boe.461348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the ability of the optical attenuation coefficient (AC) to detect early-stage glaucoma with two AC estimation algorithms: retinal layer intensity ratio (LIR) and depth-resolved confocal (DRC). We also introduced new depth-dependent AC parameters for retinal nerve fiber layer assessment. Optical coherence tomography B-scans were collected from 44 eyes of age-similar participants with eye health ranging from healthy to severe glaucoma, including glaucoma suspect patients. Mean AC values estimated from the DRC method are comparable to ratio-extracted values (p > 0.5 for all study groups), and the depth-dependent ACDRC parameters enhance the utility of the AC for detection of early-stage glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Chang
- Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt Biophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Clara Murff
- Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt Biophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Theodore Leng
- Byers Eye Institute at Stanford, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA
| | - Sylvia L. Groth
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Audrey K. Bowden
- Vanderbilt University, Vanderbilt Biophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Neubrand LB, van Leeuwen TG, Faber DJ. Precision of attenuation coefficient measurements by optical coherence tomography. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:085001. [PMID: 35945668 PMCID: PMC9360497 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.8.085001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an interferometric imaging modality, which provides tomographic information on the microscopic scale. Furthermore, OCT signal analysis facilitates quantification of tissue optical properties (e.g., the attenuation coefficient), which provides information regarding the structure and organization of tissue. However, a rigorous and standardized measure of the precision of the OCT-derived optical properties, to date, is missing. AIM We present a robust theoretical framework, which provides the Cramér -Rao lower bound σμOCT for the precision of OCT-derived optical attenuation coefficients. APPROACH Using a maximum likelihood approach and Fisher information, we derive an analytical solution for σμOCT when the position and depth of focus are known. We validate this solution, using simulated OCT signals, for which attenuation coefficients are extracted using a least-squares fitting procedure. RESULTS Our analytical solution is in perfect agreement with simulated data without shot noise. When shot noise is present, we show that the analytical solution still holds for signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) in the fitting window being above 20 dB. For other cases (SNR<20 dB, focus position not precisely known), we show that the numerical calculation of the precision agrees with the σμOCT derived from simulated signals. CONCLUSIONS Our analytical solution provides a fast, rigorous, and easy-to-use measure for OCT-derived attenuation coefficients for signals above 20 dB. The effect of uncertainties in the focal point position on the precision in the attenuation coefficient, the second assumption underlying our analytical solution, is also investigated by numerical calculation of the lower bounds. This method can be straightforwardly extended to uncertainty in other system parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda B. Neubrand
- Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ton G. van Leeuwen
- Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J. Faber
- Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Atherosclerosis and Ischemic Syndromes, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Zhou H, Liu J, Laiginhas R, Zhang Q, Cheng Y, Zhang Y, Shi Y, Shen M, Gregori G, Rosenfeld PJ, Wang RK. Depth-resolved visualization and automated quantification of hyperreflective foci on OCT scans using optical attenuation coefficients. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:4175-4189. [PMID: 36032584 PMCID: PMC9408241 DOI: 10.1364/boe.467623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
An automated depth-resolved algorithm using optical attenuation coefficients (OACs) was developed to visualize, localize, and quantify hyperreflective foci (HRF) seen on OCT imaging that are associated with macular hyperpigmentation and represent an increased risk of disease progression in age related macular degeneration. To achieve this, we first transformed the OCT scans to linear representation, which were then contrasted by OACs. HRF were visualized and localized within the entire scan by differentiating HRF within the retina from HRF along the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The total pigment burden was quantified using the en face sum projection of an OAC slab between the inner limiting membrane (ILM) to Bruch's membrane (BM). The manual total pigment burden measurements were also obtained by combining manual outlines of HRF in the B-scans with the total area of hypotransmission defects outlined on sub-RPE slabs, which was used as the reference to compare with those obtained from the automated algorithm. 6×6 mm swept-source OCT scans were collected from a total of 49 eyes from 42 patients with macular HRF. We demonstrate that the algorithm was able to automatically distinguish between HRF within the retina and HRF along the RPE. In 24 test eyes, the total pigment burden measurements by the automated algorithm were compared with measurements obtained from manual segmentations. A significant correlation was found between the total pigment area measurements from the automated and manual segmentations (P < 0.001). The proposed automated algorithm based on OACs should be useful in studying eye diseases involving HRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Jeremy Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Rita Laiginhas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Qinqin Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Yuxuan Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Yingying Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Mengxi Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Giovanni Gregori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Philip J. Rosenfeld
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Ruikang K. Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
- Karalis Johnson Retina Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
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Foo KY, Newman K, Fang Q, Gong P, Ismail HM, Lakhiani DD, Zilkens R, Dessauvagie BF, Latham B, Saunders CM, Chin L, Kennedy BF. Multi-class classification of breast tissue using optical coherence tomography and attenuation imaging combined via deep learning. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:3380-3400. [PMID: 35781967 PMCID: PMC9208580 DOI: 10.1364/boe.455110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a convolutional neural network (CNN) for multi-class breast tissue classification as adipose tissue, benign dense tissue, or malignant tissue, using multi-channel optical coherence tomography (OCT) and attenuation images, and a novel Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC)-based loss function that correlates more strongly with performance metrics than the commonly used cross-entropy loss. We hypothesized that using multi-channel images would increase tumor detection performance compared to using OCT alone. 5,804 images from 29 patients were used to fine-tune a pre-trained ResNet-18 network. Adding attenuation images to OCT images yields statistically significant improvements in several performance metrics, including benign dense tissue sensitivity (68.0% versus 59.6%), malignant tissue positive predictive value (PPV) (79.4% versus 75.5%), and total accuracy (85.4% versus 83.3%), indicating that the additional contrast from attenuation imaging is most beneficial for distinguishing between benign dense tissue and malignant tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Y. Foo
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Kyle Newman
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Qi Fang
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Peijun Gong
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Hina M. Ismail
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Devina D. Lakhiani
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Renate Zilkens
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Division of Surgery, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Benjamin F. Dessauvagie
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- PathWest, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Bruce Latham
- PathWest, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, WA 6160, Australia
| | - Christobel M. Saunders
- Division of Surgery, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Breast Centre, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- Breast Clinic, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Lixin Chin
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Brendan F. Kennedy
- BRITElab, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Electrical, Electronic & Computer Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Perth, WA 6000, Australia
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