1
|
Trinh-Minh T, Chen CW, Tran Manh C, Li YN, Zhu H, Zhou X, Chakraborty D, Zhang Y, Rauber S, Dees C, Lin NY, Kah D, Gerum R, Bergmann C, Kreuter A, Reuter C, Groeber-Becker F, Eckes B, Distler O, Fabry B, Ramming A, Schambony A, Schett G, Distler JH. Noncanonical WNT5A controls the activation of latent TGF-β to drive fibroblast activation and tissue fibrosis. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e159884. [PMID: 38747285 PMCID: PMC11093613 DOI: 10.1172/jci159884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling is a core pathway of fibrosis, but the molecular regulation of the activation of latent TGF-β remains incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate a crucial role of WNT5A/JNK/ROCK signaling that rapidly coordinates the activation of latent TGF-β in fibrotic diseases. WNT5A was identified as a predominant noncanonical WNT ligand in fibrotic diseases such as systemic sclerosis, sclerodermatous chronic graft-versus-host disease, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, stimulating fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition and tissue fibrosis by activation of latent TGF-β. The activation of latent TGF-β requires rapid JNK- and ROCK-dependent cytoskeletal rearrangements and integrin αV (ITGAV). Conditional ablation of WNT5A or its downstream targets prevented activation of latent TGF-β, rebalanced TGF-β signaling, and ameliorated experimental fibrosis. We thus uncovered what we believe to be a novel mechanism for the aberrant activation of latent TGF-β in fibrotic diseases and provided evidence for targeting WNT5A/JNK/ROCK signaling in fibrotic diseases as a new therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thuong Trinh-Minh
- Department of Rheumatology and
- Hiller Research Center, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Chih-Wei Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
- German Center for Immunotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Cuong Tran Manh
- Department of Rheumatology and
- Hiller Research Center, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Yi-Nan Li
- Department of Rheumatology and
- Hiller Research Center, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Honglin Zhu
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
- German Center for Immunotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology and
- Hiller Research Center, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Debomita Chakraborty
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
- German Center for Immunotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and
- Hiller Research Center, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Simon Rauber
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
- German Center for Immunotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Clara Dees
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
- German Center for Immunotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Neng-Yu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
- German Center for Immunotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Delf Kah
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Richard Gerum
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Christina Bergmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
- German Center for Immunotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Alexander Kreuter
- Clinic for Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, HELIOS St. Elisabeth Clinic Oberhausen, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Christiane Reuter
- Translational Center for Regenerative Therapies, Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC) Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Florian Groeber-Becker
- Translational Center for Regenerative Therapies, Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC) Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Beate Eckes
- Translational Matrix Biology, University of Cologne, Cologne, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Oliver Distler
- Rheumaklinik, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ben Fabry
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Andreas Ramming
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
- German Center for Immunotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Alexandra Schambony
- Division of Developmental Biology, Biology Department, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 – Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
- German Center for Immunotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Jörg H.W. Distler
- Department of Rheumatology and
- Hiller Research Center, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, North-Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Goryunov K, Ivanov M, Kulikov A, Shevtsova Y, Burov A, Podurovskaya Y, Zubkov V, Degtyarev D, Sukhikh G, Silachev D. A Review of the Use of Extracellular Vesicles in the Treatment of Neonatal Diseases: Current State and Problems with Translation to the Clinic. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2879. [PMID: 38474125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Neonatal disorders, particularly those resulting from prematurity, pose a major challenge in health care and have a significant impact on infant mortality and long-term child health. The limitations of current therapeutic strategies emphasize the need for innovative treatments. New cell-free technologies utilizing extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer a compelling opportunity for neonatal therapy by harnessing the inherent regenerative capabilities of EVs. These nanoscale particles, secreted by a variety of organisms including animals, bacteria, fungi and plants, contain a repertoire of bioactive molecules with therapeutic potential. This review aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of the therapeutic effects of EVs and mechanistic insights into EVs from stem cells, biological fluids and non-animal sources, with a focus on common neonatal conditions such as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and necrotizing enterocolitis. This review summarizes evidence for the therapeutic potential of EVs, analyzes evidence of their mechanisms of action and discusses the challenges associated with the implementation of EV-based therapies in neonatal clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Goryunov
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Mikhail Ivanov
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117198, Russia
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Andrey Kulikov
- Medical Institute, Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Yulia Shevtsova
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117198, Russia
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Artem Burov
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Yulia Podurovskaya
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Victor Zubkov
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Dmitry Degtyarev
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Gennady Sukhikh
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117198, Russia
| | - Denis Silachev
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117198, Russia
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Phillips AT, Boumil EF, Venkatesan A, Tilstra-Smith C, Castro N, Knox BE, Henty-Ridilla JL, Bernstein AM. The formin DAAM1 regulates the deubiquitinase activity of USP10 and integrin homeostasis. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151347. [PMID: 37562219 PMCID: PMC10839120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of fibroblasts into pathological myofibroblasts during wound healing is characterized by increased cell surface expression of αv-integrins. Our previous studies found that the deubiquitinase (DUB) USP10 removes ubiquitin from αv-integrins, leading to cell surface integrin accumulation, subsequent TGFβ1 activation, and pathological myofibroblast differentiation. In this study, a yeast two-hybrid screen revealed a novel binding partner for USP10, the formin, DAAM1. We found that DAAM1 binds to and inhibits USP10's DUB activity through the FH2 domain of DAAM1 independent of its actin functions. The USP10/DAAM1 interaction was also supported by proximity ligation assay (PLA) in primary human corneal fibroblasts. Treatment with TGFβ1 significantly increased USP10 and DAAM1 protein expression, PLA signal, and co-localization to actin stress fibers. DAAM1 siRNA knockdown significantly reduced co-precipitation of USP10 and DAAM1 on purified actin stress fibers, and β1- and β5-integrin ubiquitination. This resulted in increased αv-, β1-, and β5-integrin total protein levels, αv-integrin recycling, and extracellular fibronectin (FN) deposition. Together, our data demonstrate that DAAM1 inhibits USP10's DUB activity on integrins subsequently regulating cell surface αv-integrin localization and FN accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T Phillips
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Edward F Boumil
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Arunkumar Venkatesan
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Christine Tilstra-Smith
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Nileyma Castro
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA; New York VA Health Care, Syracuse VA Medical Center, 800 Irving Ave, Syracuse 13210, USA
| | - Barry E Knox
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA; SUNY Upstate Medical University, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Jessica L Henty-Ridilla
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Audrey M Bernstein
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA; SUNY Upstate Medical University, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA; New York VA Health Care, Syracuse VA Medical Center, 800 Irving Ave, Syracuse 13210, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu Z, Lv Y, Kong D, Jiang W. Sapanisertib attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by modulating Wnt5a/mTOR signalling. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 133:226-236. [PMID: 37394756 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Sapanisertib is an orally bioavailable ATP-dependent high-potential raptor-mTOR (TORC1) inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. Here, the impact of sapanisertib was assessed on transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-treated L929 and A549 cells and on a rat model of bleomycin pulmonary fibrosis. First, in A549 cells treated with TGF-β1, sapanisertib significantly suppressed the TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition, with elevated and reduced E-cadherin and vimentin expression, respectively. In L929 cells treated with TGF-β1, sapanisertib significantly blocked the TGF-β1-induced cell proliferation, with decreases in the extracellular matrix-related proteins collagens I and III and smooth muscle actin and in the mechanism-related proteins hypoxia-inducing factor, mTOR, p70S6K, and Wnt5a. Compared with bleomycin alone, continuous gavage administration of sapanisertib for 14 days reduced pathological scores in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis rats, with decreases in collagen deposition and in the same proteins as in L929 and A549 cells. Accordingly, our findings show that sapanisertib can ameliorate experimental pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting Wnt5a/mTOR/HIF-1α/p70S6K.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Yunying Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Dexin Kong
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Wanglin Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Qin S, Tan P, Xie J, Zhou Y, Zhao J. A systematic review of the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine against pulmonary fibrosis: from a pharmacological perspective. Chin Med 2023; 18:96. [PMID: 37537605 PMCID: PMC10398979 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00797-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease caused by a variety of etiologies. The disease can eventually lead to irreversible damage to the lung tissue structure, severely affecting respiratory function and posing a serious threat to human health. Currently, glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants are the main drugs used in the clinical treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, but their efficacy is limited and they can cause serious adverse effects. Traditional Chinese medicines have important research value and potential for clinical application in anti-pulmonary fibrosis. In recent years, more and more scientific researches have been conducted on the use of traditional Chinese medicine to improve or reduce pulmonary fibrosis, and some important breakthroughs have been made. This review paper systematically summarized the research progress of pharmacological mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines and their active compounds in improving or reducing pulmonary fibrosis. We conducted a systematic search in several main scientific databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using keywords such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial pneumonia, natural products, herbal medicine, and therapeutic methods. Ultimately, 252 articles were included and systematically evaluated in this analysis. The anti-fibrotic mechanisms of these traditional Chinese medicine studies can be roughly categorized into 5 main aspects, including inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, improvement of extracellular matrix deposition, mediation of apoptosis and autophagy, and inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress. The purpose of this article is to provide pharmaceutical researchers with information on the progress of scientific research on improving or reducing Pulmonary fibrosis with traditional Chinese medicine, and to provide reference for further pharmacological research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanbo Qin
- Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation of TCM Quality of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Peng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation of TCM Quality of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Junjie Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation of TCM Quality of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongfeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Junning Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation of TCM Quality of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lung fibrosis: Post-COVID-19 complications and evidences. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109418. [PMID: 36736220 PMCID: PMC9633631 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID 19, a lethal viral outbreak that devastated lives and the economy across the globe witnessed non-compensable respiratory illnesses in patients. As been evaluated in reports, patients receiving long-term treatment are more prone to acquire Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF). Repetitive damage and repair of alveolar tissues increase oxidative stress, inflammation and elevated production of fibrotic proteins ultimately disrupting normal lung physiology skewing the balance towards the fibrotic milieu. AIM In the present work, we have discussed several important pathways which are involved in post-COVID PF. Further, we have also highlighted the rationale for the use of antifibrotic agents for post-COVID PF to decrease the burden and improve pulmonary functions in COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSION Based on the available literature and recent incidences, it is crucial to monitor COVID-19 patients over a period of time to rule out the possibility of residual effects. There is a need for concrete evidence to deeply understand the mechanisms responsible for PF in COVID-19 patients.
Collapse
|
7
|
Singla A, Reuter S, Taube C, Peters M, Peters K. The molecular mechanisms of remodeling in asthma, COPD and IPF with a special emphasis on the complex role of Wnt5A. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:577-588. [PMID: 36658268 PMCID: PMC10023767 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01692-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic inflammatory lung diseases are a common cause of suffering and death. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the reason for 6% of all deaths worldwide. A total of 262 million people are affected by asthma and 461,000 people died in 2019. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is diagnosed in 3 million people worldwide, with an onset over the age of 50 with a mean survival of only 24-30 months. These three diseases have in common that remodeling of the lung tissue takes place, which is responsible for an irreversible decline of lung function. Pathological lung remodeling is mediated by a complex interaction of different, often misguided, repair processes regulated by a variety of mediators. One group of these, as has recently become known, are the Wnt ligands. In addition to their well-characterized role in embryogenesis, this group of glycoproteins is also involved in immunological and structural repair processes. Depending on the combination of the Wnt ligand with its receptors and co-receptors, canonical and noncanonical signaling cascades can be induced. Wnt5A is a mediator that is described mainly in noncanonical Wnt signaling and has been shown to play an important role in different inflammatory diseases and malignancies. OBJECTIVES In this review, we summarize the literature available regarding the role of Wnt5A as an immune modulator and its role in the development of asthma, COPD and IPF. We will focus specifically on what is known about Wnt5A concerning its role in the remodeling processes involved in the chronification of the diseases. CONCLUSION Wnt5A has been shown to be involved in all three inflammatory lung diseases. Since the ligand affects both structural and immunological processes, it is an interesting target for the treatment of lung diseases whose pathology involves a restructuring of the lung tissue triggered in part by an inflammatory immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Singla
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Medical Center Essen-Ruhrlandklinik, Essen, Germany
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sebastian Reuter
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Medical Center Essen-Ruhrlandklinik, Essen, Germany
| | - Christian Taube
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Medical Center Essen-Ruhrlandklinik, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcus Peters
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Karin Peters
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Roodnat AW, Callaghan B, Doyle C, Henry M, Goljanek-Whysall K, Simpson DA, Sheridan C, Atkinson SD, Willoughby CE. Genome-Wide RNA Sequencing of Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells Treated with TGF-β1: Relevance to Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1693. [PMID: 36421707 PMCID: PMC9687758 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (XFG) is an aggressive form of secondary open angle glaucoma, characterised by the production of exfoliation material and is estimated to affect 30 million people worldwide. Activation of the TGF-β pathway by TGF-β1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. To further investigate the role of TGF-β1 in glaucomatous changes in the trabecular meshwork (TM), we used RNA-Seq to determine TGF-β1 induced changes in the transcriptome of normal human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells. The main purpose of this study was to perform a hypothesis-independent RNA sequencing analysis to investigate genome-wide alterations in the transcriptome of normal HTMs stimulated with TGF-β1 and investigate possible pathophysiological mechanisms driving XFG. Our results identified multiple differentially expressed genes including several genes known to be present in exfoliation material. Significantly altered pathways, biological processes and molecular functions included extracellular matrix remodelling, Hippo and Wnt pathways, the unfolded protein response, oxidative stress, and the antioxidant system. This cellular model of pseudoexfoliation glaucoma can provide insight into disease pathogenesis and support the development of novel therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton W. Roodnat
- Genomic Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine Campus, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
- Personalised Medicine Centre, Ulster University, Londonderry BT47 6SB, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Breedge Callaghan
- Genomic Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine Campus, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Chelsey Doyle
- Genomic Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine Campus, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Megan Henry
- Genomic Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine Campus, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Katarzyna Goljanek-Whysall
- School of Medicine, Physiology, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 W5P7 Galway, Ireland
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, England, UK
| | - David A. Simpson
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Carl Sheridan
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, England, UK
| | - Sarah D. Atkinson
- Personalised Medicine Centre, Ulster University, Londonderry BT47 6SB, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Colin E. Willoughby
- Genomic Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine Campus, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, England, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Saifi MA, Bansod S, Godugu C. COVID-19 and fibrosis: Mechanisms, clinical relevance, and future perspectives. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:103345. [PMID: 36075378 PMCID: PMC9444298 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has had significant impacts worldwide since its emergence in December, 2019. Despite a high recovery rate, there is a growing concern over its residual, long-term effects. However, because of a lack of long-term data, we are still far from establishing a consensus on post-COVID-19 complications. The deposition of excessive extracellular matrix (ECM), known as fibrosis, has been observed in numerous survivors of COVID-19. Given the exceptionally high number of individuals affected, there is an urgent need to address the emergence of fibrosis post-COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the clinical relevance of COVID-19-associated fibrosis, the current status of antifibrotic agents, novel antifibrotic targets, and challenges to its management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Aslam Saifi
- Department of Biological Sciences (Regulatory Toxicology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 037, India
| | - Sapana Bansod
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology Division, Washington University, School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Chandraiah Godugu
- Department of Biological Sciences (Regulatory Toxicology), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500 037, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li Y, Chen J, Sun D, Liu J, Wang Z, Li A. Lactobacillus GG regulates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway to reinforce intestinal barrier function and alleviate necrotizing enterocolitis. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
11
|
Kayalar O, Oztay F. CGRP induces myofibroblast differentiation and the production of extracellular matrix in MRC5s via autocrine and paracrine signalings. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23204. [PMID: 36056781 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
There are contradictory views on which calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) causes pulmonary fibrosis. Fibrotic potency of CGRP was tested and compared to that of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Myofibroblast differentiation, cell proliferation, and activations of TGF-β and Wnt pathways were examined for 24, 48, and 72 h in A549 and MRC5 cell lines stimulated with CGRP and TGF-β. CGRP-induced cell proliferation in MRC5s early on while cell proliferation in A549 occurred progressively. CGRP promoted fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation by inducing the transcription of ACTA2, COL1A1, SMAD2/3, and SMAD4 genes, the production of collagen, fibronectin, α-smooth muscle actin, and activation of TGF-β signaling starting from 24 h. Additionally, TGF-β signaling induced by CGRP decreased the DKK1 level and activated the Wnt signaling in MRC5s. After CGRP stimulation, Wnt7a levels were increased from 24 to 72 h, while Wnt5a levels were elevated at 72 h in MRC5s. CGRP did not induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition in A549s, unlike TGF-β. A comparison of fibrotic potency of CGRP and TGF-β showed that TGF-β is a powerful profibrotic molecule and induces earlier myofibroblast differentiation. Even so, CGRP promotes myofibroblast differentiation and extracellular matrix production by inducing Smad-dependent-TGF-β and Wnt signalings via autocrine and paracrine signalings in MRC5s.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ozgecan Kayalar
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Koç University Research Centre for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fusun Oztay
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li C, Peinado N, Smith SM, Zhou J, Gao F, Kohbodi G, Zhou B, Thornton ME, Grubbs BH, Lee MK, Bellusci S, Borok Z, Chen YW, Minoo P. Wnt5a Promotes AT1 and Represses AT2 Lineage-Specific Gene Expression in a Cell-Context-Dependent Manner. Stem Cells 2022; 40:691-703. [PMID: 35429397 PMCID: PMC9332903 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung maturation is not limited to proper structural development but also includes differentiation and functionality of various highly specialized alveolar cell types. Alveolar type 1 (AT1s) cells occupy nearly 95% of the alveolar surface and are critical for establishing efficient gas exchange in the mature lung. AT1 cells arise from progenitors specified during the embryonic stage as well as alveolar epithelial progenitors expressing surfactant protein C (Sftpcpos cells) during postnatal and adult stages. Previously, we found that Wnt5a, a non-canonical Wnt ligand, is required for differentiation of AT1 cells during the saccular phase of lung development. To further investigate the role of Wnt5a in AT1 cell differentiation, we generated and characterized a conditional Wnt5a gain-of-function mouse model. Neonatal Wnt5a gain-of-function disrupted alveologenesis through inhibition of cell proliferation. In this setting Wnt5a downregulated β-catenin-dependent canonical Wnt signaling, repressed AT2 (anti-AT2) and promoted AT1 (pro-AT1) lineage-specific gene expression. In addition, we identified 2 subpopulations of Sftpchigh and Sftpclow alveolar epithelial cells. In Sftpclow cells, Wnt5a exhibits pro-AT1 and anti-AT2 effects, concurrent with inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling. Interestingly, in the Sftpchigh subpopulation, although increasing AT1 lineage-specific gene expression, Wnt5a gain-of-function did not change AT2 gene expression, nor inhibit canonical Wnt signaling. Using primary epithelial cells isolated from human fetal lungs, we demonstrate that this property of Wnt5a is evolutionarily conserved. Wnt5a therefore serves as a selective regulator that ensures proper AT1/AT2 balance in the developing lung.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changgong Li
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center, USC Keck School of Medicine and Children’s HospitalLos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Neil Peinado
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center, USC Keck School of Medicine and Children’s HospitalLos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Susan M Smith
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center, USC Keck School of Medicine and Children’s HospitalLos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jing Zhou
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center, USC Keck School of Medicine and Children’s HospitalLos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Feng Gao
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center, USC Keck School of Medicine and Children’s HospitalLos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - GoleNaz Kohbodi
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center, USC Keck School of Medicine and Children’s HospitalLos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Beiyun Zhou
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew E Thornton
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brendan H Grubbs
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matt K Lee
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center, USC Keck School of Medicine and Children’s HospitalLos Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Saverio Bellusci
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center, USC Keck School of Medicine and Children’s HospitalLos Angeles, CA, USA
- Cardio Pulmonary Institute, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany
| | - Zea Borok
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University ofCalifornia San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ya-Wen Chen
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Parviz Minoo
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, LAC+USC Medical Center, USC Keck School of Medicine and Children’s HospitalLos Angeles, CA, USA
- Hastings Center for Pulmonary Research, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Targeting fibrosis, mechanisms and cilinical trials. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:206. [PMID: 35773269 PMCID: PMC9247101 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is characterized by the excessive extracellular matrix deposition due to dysregulated wound and connective tissue repair response. Multiple organs can develop fibrosis, including the liver, kidney, heart, and lung. Fibrosis such as liver cirrhosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and cystic fibrosis caused substantial disease burden. Persistent abnormal activation of myofibroblasts mediated by various signals, such as transforming growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and fibroblast growh factor, has been recongized as a major event in the occurrence and progression of fibrosis. Although the mechanisms driving organ-specific fibrosis have not been fully elucidated, drugs targeting these identified aberrant signals have achieved potent anti-fibrotic efficacy in clinical trials. In this review, we briefly introduce the aetiology and epidemiology of several fibrosis diseases, including liver fibrosis, kidney fibrosis, cardiac fibrosis, and pulmonary fibrosis. Then, we summarise the abnormal cells (epithelial cells, endothelial cells, immune cells, and fibroblasts) and their interactions in fibrosis. In addition, we also focus on the aberrant signaling pathways and therapeutic targets that regulate myofibroblast activation, extracellular matrix cross-linking, metabolism, and inflammation in fibrosis. Finally, we discuss the anti-fibrotic drugs based on their targets and clinical trials. This review provides reference for further research on fibrosis mechanism, drug development, and clinical trials.
Collapse
|
14
|
Diesler R, Cottin V. Pulmonary fibrosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis: from pathophysiology to treatment strategies. Expert Rev Respir Med 2022; 16:541-553. [PMID: 35695895 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2022.2089116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory autoimmune disease, characterised by symmetric destructive arthritis and synovitis. Lung involvement is frequent, including in the form of interstitial lung disease (ILD). RA-ILD often presents with a radiologic and pathologic pattern of usual interstitial pneumonia, similar to idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, highlighting the similarities between the two diseases, but other patterns and pathological associations are described. AREAS COVERED This article reviews the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis in the setting of rheumatoid arthritis as well as the current and future therapeutic options. EXPERT OPINION Pulmonary fibrosis in the setting of RA-ILD is an example of genotype-environment interaction and involves multiple mechanisms including autoimmunity, inflammation and fibrogenesis. Despite that ILD conveys most of the exceeding mortality in RA patients, there are no official guidelines for the management of RA-ILD. Attention should be paid to potential lung toxicity of RA treatment even though some of them might help stabilise the ILD. Current standard of care is often composed of glucocorticoids that may be associated with immunosuppressive therapy. Following the approval of antifibrotic therapy for ILDs with a progressive fibrosing phenotype, current works are evaluating the benefit of such treatment in RA-ILD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Diesler
- National Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases, Louis Pradel Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, University of Lyon, INRAE, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Cottin
- National Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases, Louis Pradel Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, University of Lyon, INRAE, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Exosomes derived from human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts induces smad and TAK1 signaling in normal dermal fibroblasts. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 722:109215. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
16
|
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) can prevent the inflammatory response of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in Caco-2-cells. This action is coupled with the inhibition of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-alpha, responsible for the inflammatory process during SARS-CoV-2 infection. CBD can act on the different proteins encoded by SARS-CoV-2 and as an antiviral agent to prevent the viral infection. Furthermore, recent studies have shown the possible action of CBD as an antagonist of cytokine release syndromes. In the SARS-CoV-2 pathophysiology, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) seems to be the key cell receptor for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The WNT/β-catenin pathway and PPARγ interact in an opposite manner in many diseases, including SARS-CoV-2 infection. CBD exerts its activity through the interaction with PPARγ in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, we can hypothesize that CBD may counteract the inflammatory process of SARS-CoV-2 by its interactions with both ACE2 and the interplay between the WNT/β-catenin pathway and PPARγ. Vaccines are the only way to prevent COVID-19, but it appears important to find therapeutic complements to treat patients already affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection. The possible role of CBD should be investigated by clinical trials to show its effectiveness.
Collapse
|
17
|
Dehghani-Ghobadi Z, Sheikh Hasani S, Arefian E, Hossein G. Wnt5A and TGFβ1 Converges through YAP1 Activity and Integrin Alpha v Up-Regulation Promoting Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Ovarian Cancer Cells and Mesothelial Cell Activation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020237. [PMID: 35053353 PMCID: PMC8773996 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we investigate whether Wnt5A is associated with the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 and Hippo-YAP1/TAZ-TEAD pathways, implicated in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in epithelial ovarian cancer. We used 3D and 2D cultures of human epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV-3, OVCAR-3, CAOV-4, and different subtypes of human serous ovarian cancer compared to normal ovary specimens. Wnt5A showed a positive correlation with TAZ and TGFβ1 in high- and low-grade serous ovarian cancer specimens compared to borderline serous and normal ovaries. Silencing Wnt5A by siRNAs significantly decreased Smad2/3 activation and YAP1 expression and nuclear shuttling in ovarian cancer (OvCa) cells. Furthermore, Wnt5A was required for TGFβ1-induced cell migration and invasion. In addition, inhibition of YAP1 transcriptional activity by Verteporfin (VP) altered OvCa cell migration and invasion through decreased Wnt5A expression and inhibition of Smad2/3 activation, which was reverted in the presence of exogenous Wnt5A. We found that the activation of TGFβ1 and YAP1 nuclear shuttling was promoted by Wnt5A-induced integrin alpha v. Lastly, Wnt5A was implicated in activating human primary omental mesothelial cells and subsequent invasion of ovarian cancer cells. Together, we propose that Wnt5A could be a critical mediator of EMT-associated pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Dehghani-Ghobadi
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614411, Iran;
| | - Shahrzad Sheikh Hasani
- Department of Gynecology Oncology Valiasr, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran 1419733141, Iran;
| | - Ehsan Arefian
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614411, Iran;
| | - Ghamartaj Hossein
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran 1417614411, Iran;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +98-21-6111-2622; Fax: +98-21-6649-2992
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu T, Gonzalez De Los Santos F, Hirsch M, Wu Z, Phan SH. Noncanonical Wnt Signaling Promotes Myofibroblast Differentiation in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 65:489-499. [PMID: 34107237 PMCID: PMC8641847 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0499oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway initiates a signaling cascade that is critical in cell differentiation and the normal development of multiple organ systems. The reactivation of this pathway has been documented in experimental and human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, wherein Wnt/β-catenin activation has been implicated in epithelial-cell repair. Furthermore, the canonical ligand Wnt3a is known to induce myofibroblast differentiation; however, the role of noncanonical Wnt ligands remains unclear. This study showed significantly higher levels of Wnt11 expression in cells from both patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and bleomycin-treated mice, as well as in TGFβ-treated mouse lung fibroblasts. Moreover, Wnt11 induced myofibroblast differentiation as manifested by increased α-SMA (ACTA2) expression, which was similar to that induced by canonical Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling. Further investigation revealed that Wnt11 induction of α-SMA was associated with the activation of JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase)/c-Jun signaling and was inhibited by a JNK inhibitor. The potential importance of this signaling pathway was supported by in vivo evidence showing significantly increased levels of Wnt11 and activated JNK in the lungs of mice with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Interestingly, fibroblasts did not express canonical Wnt3a, but treatment of these cells with exogenous Wnt3a induced endogenous Wnt11 and Wnt5a, resulting in repression of the Wnt3a/β-catenin target gene Axin2. These findings suggested that the noncanonical Wnt induction of myofibroblast differentiation mediated by the JNK/c-Jun pathway might play a significant role in pulmonary fibrosis, in addition to or in synergy with canonical Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling. Moreover, Wnt3a activation of noncanonical Wnt signaling might trigger a switch from canonical to noncanonical Wnt signaling to induce myofibroblast differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mitchell Hirsch
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Zhe Wu
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
The Pathogenic Role of Smooth Muscle Cell-Derived Wnt5a in a Murine Model of Lung Fibrosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14080755. [PMID: 34451852 PMCID: PMC8401301 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease characterized by extensive fibrosis of the lung tissue. Wnt5a expression was observed to be upregulated in IPF and suggested to be involved in the progression of the disease. Interestingly, smooth muscle cells (SMC) are a major source of Wnt5a in IPF patients. However, no study has been conducted until now to investigate the precise role of smooth muscle-derived Wnt5a in IPF. Here, we used the bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis model in a conditional gene-deficient mouse, where the Wnt5a gene was excised from SMC. We show here that the excision of the Wnt5a gene in SMC led to significantly improved health conditions with minimized weight loss and improved lung function. This improvement was based on a significantly lower deposition of collagen in the lung with a reduced number of fibrotic foci in lung parenchyma. Furthermore, the bleomycin-induced cellular infiltration into the airways was not altered in the gene-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice. Thus, we demonstrate that the Wnt5a expression of SMC of the airways leads to aggravated fibrosis of the lung with poor clinical conditions. This aggravation was not an influence in the bleomycin-induced inflammatory processes but on the development of fibrotic foci in lung parenchyma and the deposition of collagen.
Collapse
|
20
|
Suri GS, Kaur G, Jha CK, Tiwari M. Understanding idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis - Clinical features, molecular mechanism and therapies. Exp Gerontol 2021; 153:111473. [PMID: 34274426 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung fibrosing disease with high prevalence that has a prognosis worse than many cancers. There has been a recent influx of new observations aimed at explaining the mechanisms responsible for the initiation and progression of pulmonary fibrosis. However, despite this, the pathogenesis of the disease is largely unclear. Recent progress has been made in the characterization of specific pathologic and clinical features that have enhanced the understanding of pathologically activated molecular pathways during the onset and progression of IPF. This review highlights several of the advances that have been made and focus on the pathobiology of IPF. The work also details the different factors that are responsible for the disposition of the disease - these may be internal factors such as cellular mechanisms and genetic alterations, or they may be external factors from the environment. The changes that primarily occur in epithelial cells and fibroblasts that lead to the activation of profibrotic pathways are discussed in depth. Finally, a complete repertoire of the treatment therapies that have been used in the past as well as future medications and therapies is provided.
Collapse
|
21
|
Vallée A, Lecarpentier Y, Vallée JN. Interplay of Opposing Effects of the WNT/β-Catenin Pathway and PPARγ and Implications for SARS-CoV2 Treatment. Front Immunol 2021; 12:666693. [PMID: 33927728 PMCID: PMC8076593 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.666693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), has quickly reached pandemic proportions. Cytokine profiles observed in COVID-19 patients have revealed increased levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α and increased NF-κB pathway activity. Recent evidence has shown that the upregulation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway is associated with inflammation, resulting in a cytokine storm in ARDS (acute respire distress syndrome) and especially in COVID-19 patients. Several studies have shown that the WNT/β-catenin pathway interacts with PPARγ in an opposing interplay in numerous diseases. Furthermore, recent studies have highlighted the interesting role of PPARγ agonists as modulators of inflammatory and immunomodulatory drugs through the targeting of the cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients. SARS-CoV2 infection presents a decrease in the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) associated with the upregulation of the WNT/β-catenin pathway. SARS-Cov2 may invade human organs besides the lungs through the expression of ACE2. Evidence has highlighted the fact that PPARγ agonists can increase ACE2 expression, suggesting a possible role for PPARγ agonists in the treatment of COVID-19. This review therefore focuses on the opposing interplay between the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway and PPARγ in SARS-CoV2 infection and the potential beneficial role of PPARγ agonists in this context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Vallée
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Yves Lecarpentier
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien (GHEF), Meaux, France
| | - Jean-Noël Vallée
- University Hospital Center (CHU) Amiens Picardie, University of Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Amiens, France.,Laboratory of Mathematics and Applications (LMA), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 7348, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ueland T, Abraityte A, Norum H, Varathalingam S, Gullestad L, Aukrust P, Andreassen AK. Circulating regulators of the wingless pathway in precapillary pulmonary hypertension. Respirology 2021; 26:574-581. [PMID: 33830565 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Dysregulated Wnt signalling has been implicated in pulmonary hypertension (PH). We hypothesized that plasma levels of secreted Wnt proteins would be increased in patients with precapillary PH, correlate with indices of vascular resistance and cardiac function and give information on long-term prognosis. METHODS We measured the Wnt ligand Wnt5a and secreted Wnt antagonists Dickkopf (DKK) DKK1, DKK3, secreted frizzled-related protein 3 (sFRP3), Wnt inhibitory factor-1 (WIF1) and sclerostin (SOST) in 106 patients with precapillary PH and 40 healthy controls. A second sample was obtained after a median of 4 months (n = 52). During a median of 90 months follow-up, 67 patients died. RESULTS Our main findings were (i) Precapillary PH is characterized by enhanced systemic Wnt activity as reflected by elevated plasma levels of Wnt5a and secreted antagonists irrespective of diagnostic subgroups. (ii) WIF1 and in particular Wnt5a correlated with pulmonary vascular resistance and cardiac dysfunction. (iii) High levels of Wnt5a, sFRP3, DKK3 and WIF1 were associated with poor prognosis in age- and sex-adjusted analysis (hazard ratios per log/SD change ~1.4) and for DKK3 after further adjustment with right arterial pressure, pulmonary oxygen saturation, cardiac index, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide and peak oxygen uptake (VO2 ). Finally, an elevation of Wnt5a and DKK3 during follow-up was independently associated with poor prognosis. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that Wnt signalling pathways could be implicated in the pathogenesis of precapillary PH, and that some of the Wnt-related molecules (i.e., Wnt5a and DKK3) should be further investigated in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thor Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Aurelija Abraityte
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hilde Norum
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Research and Development, Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sharanga Varathalingam
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Gullestad
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Cardiac Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.,Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arne K Andreassen
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Su X, Shen Y, Jin Y, Weintraub NL, Tang YL. Identification of critical molecular pathways involved in exosome-mediated improvement of cardiac function in a mouse model of muscular dystrophy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:529-535. [PMID: 32601364 PMCID: PMC8115234 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0446-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive disease characterized by skeletal muscle atrophy, respiratory failure, and cardiomyopathy. Our previous studies have shown that transplantation with allogeneic myogenic progenitor-derived exosomes (MPC-Exo) can improve cardiac function in X-linked muscular dystrophy (Mdx) mice. In the present study we explored the molecular mechanisms underlying this beneficial effect. We quantified gene expression in the hearts of two strains of Mdx mice (D2.B10-DmdMdx/J and Utrntm1Ked-DmdMdx/J). Two days after MPC-Exo or control treatment, we performed unbiased next-generation RNA-sequencing to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in treated Mdx hearts. Venn diagrams show a set of 780 genes that were ≥2-fold upregulated, and a set of 878 genes that were ≥2-fold downregulated, in both Mdx strains following MPC-Exo treatment as compared with control. Gene ontology (GO) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis showed that these DEGs were involved in a variety of physiological processes and pathways with a complex connection. qRT-PCR was performed to verify the upregulated ATP2B4 and Bcl-2 expression, and downregulated IL-6, MAPK8 and Wnt5a expression in MPC-Exo-treated Mdx hearts. Western blot analysis verified the increased level of Bcl-2 and decreased level of IL-6 protein in MPC-Exo-treated Mdx hearts compared with control treatment, suggesting that anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects might be responsible for heart function improvement by MPC-Exo. Based on these findings, we believed that these DEGs might be therapeutic targets that can be explored to develop new strategies for treating DMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Su
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Yan Shen
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Yue Jin
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Neal L Weintraub
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Yao-Liang Tang
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Giusto K, Wanczyk H, Jensen T, Finck C. Hyperoxia-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia: better models for better therapies. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm047753. [PMID: 33729989 PMCID: PMC7927658 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.047753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease caused by exposure to high levels of oxygen (hyperoxia) and is the most common complication that affects preterm newborns. At present, there is no cure for BPD. Infants can recover from BPD; however, they will suffer from significant morbidity into adulthood in the form of neurodevelopmental impairment, asthma and emphysematous changes of the lung. The development of hyperoxia-induced lung injury models in small and large animals to test potential treatments for BPD has shown some success, yet a lack of standardization in approaches and methods makes clinical translation difficult. In vitro models have also been developed to investigate the molecular pathways altered during BPD and to address the pitfalls associated with animal models. Preclinical studies have investigated the efficacy of stem cell-based therapies to improve lung morphology after damage. However, variability regarding the type of animal model and duration of hyperoxia to elicit damage exists in the literature. These models should be further developed and standardized, to cover the degree and duration of hyperoxia, type of animal model, and lung injury endpoint, to improve their translational relevance. The purpose of this Review is to highlight concerns associated with current animal models of hyperoxia-induced BPD and to show the potential of in vitro models to complement in vivo studies in the significant improvement to our understanding of BPD pathogenesis and treatment. The status of current stem cell therapies for treatment of BPD is also discussed. We offer suggestions to optimize models and therapeutic modalities for treatment of hyperoxia-induced lung damage in order to advance the standardization of procedures for clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kiersten Giusto
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, 06106 CT, USA
| | - Heather Wanczyk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, 06106 CT, USA
| | - Todd Jensen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, 06106 CT, USA
| | - Christine Finck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, 06106 CT, USA
- Department of Surgery, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhou W, Zheng J, Yuan M, Yuan L, Jia X, Liu H. Differentially expressed lncRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from middle-aged female patients with rheumatoid arthritis–associated interstitial lung disease. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 39:2281-2289. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-04977-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
26
|
Choi EY, Park HH, Kim H, Kim HN, Kim I, Jeon S, Kim W, Bae JS, Lee W. Wnt5a and Wnt11 as acute respiratory distress syndrome biomarkers for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 patients. Eur Respir J 2020; 56:13993003.01531-2020. [PMID: 32859680 PMCID: PMC7453733 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01531-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has spread globally, resulting in declaration of pandemic emergency [1]. COVID-19 patients suffer from various symptoms of infection, including pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and sepsis. Some known antiviral drugs, including remdesivir, have been proposed as effective agents for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection [2, 3]. Along with the development of potential therapeutics, there is urgency to mitigate the transmission and economic crisis of SARS-CoV-2 via identification of biomarkers that can rapidly indicate the severity of the disease in infected patients. Wnt ligands are secreted glycoproteins and their downstream signalling plays a pivotal role in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. Wnt5a/Wnt11 can be used as potential ARDS biomarkers for SARS-CoV-2 patientshttps://bit.ly/3lxEGRA
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Choi
- Division of Pulmonary and Allergy, Dept of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University and Respiratory Center, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Hee Ho Park
- Dept of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Hyelim Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Hong Nam Kim
- Center for BioMicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inyoung Kim
- Dept of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Soyoung Jeon
- Dept of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Wantae Kim
- Dept of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.,These authors contributed equally to this article as lead authors and supervised the work
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,These authors contributed equally to this article as lead authors and supervised the work
| | - Wonhwa Lee
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,These authors contributed equally to this article as lead authors and supervised the work
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sun Y, Wang W, Zhao C. Frizzled Receptors in Tumors, Focusing on Signaling, Roles, Modulation Mechanisms, and Targeted Therapies. Oncol Res 2020; 28:661-674. [PMID: 32998794 PMCID: PMC7962935 DOI: 10.3727/096504020x16014648664459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt molecules play crucial roles in development and adult homeostasis through their receptors Frizzled proteins (Fzds). Fzds mediate canonical β-catenin pathway and various noncanonical β-catenin-independent pathways. Aberrant Fzd signaling is involved in many diseases including cancer. Wnt/β-catenin is a well-established oncogenic pathway involved in almost every aspect of tumor development. However, Fzd-mediated noncanonical Wnt pathways function as both tumor promoters and tumor suppressors depending on cellular context. Fzd-targeted therapies have proven to be effective on cultured tumor cells, tumor cell xenografts, mouse tumor models, and patient-derived xenografts (PDX). Moreover, Fzd-targeted therapies synergize with chemotherapy in preclinical models. However, the occurrence of fragility fractures in patients treated with Fzd-targeted agents such as OMP-54F28 and OMP-18R5 limits the development of this combination. Along with new insights on signaling, roles, and modulation mechanisms of Fzds in human tumors, more Fzd-related therapeutic targets will be developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical UniversityShenyangP.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical UniversityShenyangP.R. China
| | - Chenghai Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical UniversityShenyangP.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Shi S, Li H. Overexpressed microRNA-140 inhibits pulmonary fibrosis in interstitial lung disease via the Wnt signaling pathway by downregulating osteoglycin. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C895-C905. [PMID: 32755451 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00479.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) comprises of a group of diffuse parenchymal lung disorders that are strongly associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have highlighted the therapeutic significance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the treatment of ILD. Thus this study aims to investigate the mechanism by which miR-140 affects ILD through the regulation of osteoglycin (OGN)-Wnt signaling pathway. Gene expression microarray analysis was performed to screen ILD-related differentially expressed genes and miRNAs that regulated OGN. The targeting relationship between miR-140 and OGN was verified. Ectopic expression and knockdown experiments were performed in lung fibroblasts to explore the potential mechanism of action of miR-140 in ILD. The expression of miR-140, OGN, as well as Wnt- and pulmonary fibrosis-related factors, was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. In addition, cell viability and apoptosis were examined. OGN was found to be negatively regulated by miR-140. The ectopic expression of miR-140 and OGN silencing resulted in increased lung fibroblast apoptosis and Wnt3a expression, along with reduced proliferation and pulmonary fibrosis. Our results also revealed that miR-140 decreased OGN, thereby activating the Wnt signaling pathway, which was observed to further affect the expression of genes associated with the progression of pulmonary fibrosis in mouse fibroblasts. In conclusion, the key findings from our study suggest that overexpressed miR-140 suppresses ILD development via the Wnt signaling pathway by downregulating OGN, which could potentially be used as a therapeutic target for ILD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Shi
- Department of Chest Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Li
- Operation Room, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Fibrosis is characterized by aberrant myofibroblast accumulation and excessive extracellular matrix deposition, which leads to organ failure and significantly contributes to mortality worldwide. Exosomes, which are extracellular nanovesicles with a diameter of 30-100 nm that are secreted into the extracellular space by various types of cells, facilitate intercellular communication by delivering different cargos such as proteins, mRNAs and microRNAs. Growing evidence indicates that exosomes play an important role in various fibrotic diseases. A deeper understanding of the effects of exosomes in fibrosis may help in exploring new diagnostic and therapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize recent findings on exosomes in fibrotic diseases, with a special focus on exosomal cargo dysregulation and their potential diagnostic and therapeutic value in fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ji Qin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui-Lan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hu HH, Cao G, Wu XQ, Vaziri ND, Zhao YY. Wnt signaling pathway in aging-related tissue fibrosis and therapies. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 60:101063. [PMID: 32272170 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is the final hallmark of pathological remodeling, which is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases and aging-related organ failure to fully control chronic wound-healing and restoring tissue function. The process of fibrosis is involved in the pathogenesis of the kidney, lung, liver, heart and other tissue disorders. Wnt is a highly conserved signaling in the aberrant wound repair and fibrogenesis, and sustained Wnt activation is correlated with the pathogenesis of fibrosis. In particular, mounting evidence has revealed that Wnt signaling played important roles in cell fate determination, proliferation and cell polarity establishment. The expression and distribution of Wnt signaling in different tissues vary with age, and these changes have key effects on maintaining tissue homeostasis. In this review, we first describe the major constituents of the Wnt signaling and their regulation functions. Subsequently, we summarize the dysregulation of Wnt signaling in aging-related fibrotic tissues such as kidney, liver, lung and cardiac fibrosis, followed by a detailed discussion of its involvement in organ fibrosis. In addition, the crosstalk between Wnt signaling and other pathways has the potential to profoundly add to the complexity of organ fibrosis. Increasing studies have demonstrated that a number of Wnt inhibitors had the potential role against tissue fibrosis, specifically in kidney fibrosis and the implications of Wnt signaling in aging-related diseases. Therefore, targeting Wnt signaling might be a novel and promising therapeutic strategy against aging-related tissue fibrosis.
Collapse
|
31
|
Gastrin-releasing peptide induces fibrotic response in MRC5s and proliferation in A549s. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:96. [PMID: 32552754 PMCID: PMC7301567 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00585-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a complex lung disease, whose build-up scar tissue is induced by several molecules. Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is released from pulmonary neuroendocrine cells, alveolar macrophages, and some nerve endings in the lung. A possible role of GRP in IPF is unclear. We aimed to investigate the fibrotic response to GRP, at the cellular level in MRC5 and A549 cell lines. The proliferative and fibrotic effects of GRP on these cells were evaluated by using BrdU, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR for molecules associated with myofibroblast differentiation, TGF-β and Wnt signalling. All doses of GRP increased the amount of BrdU incorporation in A549 cells. In contrast, the amount of BrdU increased in MRC5 cells in the first 24 h, though progressively decreased by 72 h. GRP did not stimulate epithelial-mesenchymal transition in A549 cells, rather, it stimulated the differentiation of MRC5 cells into myofibroblasts. Furthermore, GRP induced gene and protein expressions of p-Smad2/3 and Smad4, and reduced the levels of Smad7 in MRC5 cells. In addition, GRP decreased Wnt5a protein levels and stimulated β-catenin activation by increasing Wnt4, Wnt7a and β-catenin protein levels. GRP caused myofibroblast differentiation by inducing TGF-βand Wnt pathways via paracrine and autocrine signalling in MRC5 cells. In conclusion, GRP may lead to pulmonary fibrosis due to its proliferative and fibrotic effects on lung fibroblasts. The abrogation of GRP-mediated signal activation might be considered as a treatment modality for fibrotic lung diseases. Video Abstract.
Collapse
|
32
|
Martin-Medina A, Lehmann M, Burgy O, Hermann S, Baarsma HA, Wagner DE, De Santis MM, Ciolek F, Hofer TP, Frankenberger M, Aichler M, Lindner M, Gesierich W, Guenther A, Walch A, Coughlan C, Wolters P, Lee JS, Behr J, Königshoff M. Increased Extracellular Vesicles Mediate WNT5A Signaling in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 198:1527-1538. [PMID: 30044642 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201708-1580oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lethal lung disease characterized by lung epithelial cell injury, increased (myo)fibroblast activation, and extracellular matrix deposition. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) regulate intercellular communication by carrying a variety of signaling mediators, including WNT (wingless/integrated) proteins. The relevance of EVs in pulmonary fibrosis and their potential contribution to disease pathogenesis, however, remain unexplored.Objectives: To characterize EVs and study the role of EV-bound WNT signaling in IPF.Methods: We isolated EVs from BAL fluid (BALF) from experimental lung fibrosis as well as samples from IPF, non-IPF interstitial lung disease (ILD), non-ILD, and healthy volunteers from two independent cohorts. EVs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blotting. Primary human lung fibroblasts (phLFs) were used for EV isolation and analyzed by metabolic activity assays, cell counting, quantitative PCR, and Western blotting upon WNT gain- and loss-of-function studies.Measurements and Main Results: We found increased EVs, particularly exosomes, in BALF from experimental lung fibrosis as well as from patients with IPF. WNT5A was secreted on EVs in lung fibrosis and induced by transforming growth factor-β in primary human lung fibroblasts. The phLF-derived EVs induced phLF proliferation, which was attenuated by WNT5A silencing and antibody-mediated inhibition and required intact EV structure. Similarly, EVs from IPF BALF induced phLF proliferation, which was mediated by WNT5A.Conclusions: Increased EVs function as carriers for signaling mediators, such as WNT5A, in IPF and thus contribute to disease pathogenesis. Characterization of EV secretion and composition may lead to novel approaches to diagnose and develop treatments for pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aina Martin-Medina
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig Maximilian University, University Hospital Grosshadern, and Helmholtz Center Munich, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Mareike Lehmann
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig Maximilian University, University Hospital Grosshadern, and Helmholtz Center Munich, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Olivier Burgy
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Sarah Hermann
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig Maximilian University, University Hospital Grosshadern, and Helmholtz Center Munich, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Hoeke A Baarsma
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig Maximilian University, University Hospital Grosshadern, and Helmholtz Center Munich, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Darcy E Wagner
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig Maximilian University, University Hospital Grosshadern, and Helmholtz Center Munich, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina M De Santis
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig Maximilian University, University Hospital Grosshadern, and Helmholtz Center Munich, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Ciolek
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig Maximilian University, University Hospital Grosshadern, and Helmholtz Center Munich, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas P Hofer
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig Maximilian University, University Hospital Grosshadern, and Helmholtz Center Munich, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Munich, Germany.,Center for Thoracic Surgery, Asklepios Biobank for Lung Diseases, Asklepios Clinic Munich-Gauting, Munich, Germany
| | - Marion Frankenberger
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig Maximilian University, University Hospital Grosshadern, and Helmholtz Center Munich, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Michaela Aichler
- Institute of Pathology, Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Lindner
- Center for Thoracic Surgery, Asklepios Biobank for Lung Diseases, Asklepios Clinic Munich-Gauting, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Gesierich
- Center for Thoracic Surgery, Asklepios Biobank for Lung Diseases, Asklepios Clinic Munich-Gauting, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Guenther
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, member of the German Center for Lung Research, Giessen, Germany.,Agaplesion Lung Clinic Waldhof Elgershausen, Greifenstein, Germany.,European IPF Network and European IPF Registry, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - Axel Walch
- Institute of Pathology, Research Unit Analytical Pathology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Coughlan
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Paul Wolters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Joyce S Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Jürgen Behr
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig Maximilian University, University Hospital Grosshadern, and Helmholtz Center Munich, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Munich, Germany.,Center for Thoracic Surgery, Asklepios Biobank for Lung Diseases, Asklepios Clinic Munich-Gauting, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Ludwig Maximilian University, University Hospital Grosshadern, and Helmholtz Center Munich, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Munich, Germany.,Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Padwal M, Liu L, Margetts PJ. The role of WNT5A and Ror2 in peritoneal membrane injury. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:3481-3491. [PMID: 32052562 PMCID: PMC7131918 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients on peritoneal dialysis are at risk of developing peritoneal fibrosis and angiogenesis, which can lead to dysfunction of the peritoneal membrane. Recent evidence has identified cross‐talk between transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) and the WNT/β‐catenin pathway to induce fibrosis and angiogenesis. Limited evidence exists describing the role of non‐canonical WNT signalling in peritoneal membrane injury. Non‐canonical WNT5A is suggested to have different effects depending on the receptor environment. WNT5A has been implicated in antagonizing canonical WNT/β‐catenin signalling in the presence of receptor tyrosine kinase‐like orphan receptor (Ror2). We co‐expressed TGFB and WNT5A using adenovirus and examined its role in the development of peritoneal fibrosis and angiogenesis. Treatment of mouse peritoneum with AdWNT5A decreased the submesothelial thickening and angiogenesis induced by AdTGFB. WNT5A appeared to block WNT/β‐catenin signalling by inhibiting phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3B) and reducing levels of total β‐catenin and target proteins. To examine the function of Ror2, we silenced Ror2 in a human mesothelial cell line. We treated cells with AdWNT5A and observed a significant increase in fibronectin compared with AdWNT5A alone. We also analysed fibronectin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in a TGFB model of mesothelial cell injury. Both fibronectin and VEGF were significantly increased in response to Ror2 silencing when cells were exposed to TGFB. Our results suggest that WNT5A inhibits peritoneal injury and this is associated with a decrease in WNT/β‐catenin signalling. In human mesothelial cells, Ror2 is involved in regulating levels of fibronectin and VEGF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manreet Padwal
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Limin Liu
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Peter J Margetts
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wilson DH, Jarman EJ, Mellin RP, Wilson ML, Waddell SH, Tsokkou P, Younger NT, Raven A, Bhalla SR, Noll ATR, Olde Damink SW, Schaap FG, Chen P, Bates DO, Banales JM, Dean CH, Henderson DJ, Sansom OJ, Kendall TJ, Boulter L. Non-canonical Wnt signalling regulates scarring in biliary disease via the planar cell polarity receptors. Nat Commun 2020; 11:445. [PMID: 31974352 PMCID: PMC6978415 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14283-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of patients diagnosed with chronic bile duct disease is increasing and in most cases these diseases result in chronic ductular scarring, necessitating liver transplantation. The formation of ductular scaring affects liver function; however, scar-generating portal fibroblasts also provide important instructive signals to promote the proliferation and differentiation of biliary epithelial cells. Therefore, understanding whether we can reduce scar formation while maintaining a pro-regenerative microenvironment will be essential in developing treatments for biliary disease. Here, we describe how regenerating biliary epithelial cells express Wnt-Planar Cell Polarity signalling components following bile duct injury and promote the formation of ductular scars by upregulating pro-fibrogenic cytokines and positively regulating collagen-deposition. Inhibiting the production of Wnt-ligands reduces the amount of scar formed around the bile duct, without reducing the development of the pro-regenerative microenvironment required for ductular regeneration, demonstrating that scarring and regeneration can be uncoupled in adult biliary disease and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D H Wilson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - E J Jarman
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - R P Mellin
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
- Infectious Diseases and Immune Defence, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M L Wilson
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - S H Waddell
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - P Tsokkou
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - N T Younger
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A Raven
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - S R Bhalla
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Centre for Cancer Science, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - A T R Noll
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - S W Olde Damink
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - F G Schaap
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - P Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - D O Bates
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Centre for Cancer Science, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
- COMPARE University of Birmingham and University of Nottingham Midlands, Birmingham, UK
| | - J M Banales
- Biodonostia HRI, CIBERehd, Ikerbasque, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - C H Dean
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - D J Henderson
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - O J Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - T J Kendall
- University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, UK
- Edinburgh Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - L Boulter
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute for Genetic and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Xu W, Geng H, Liu X, Wang X, Li R, Lv Q, Liu Y, Wang J, Yang M, Jones PM, Liang J. Wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 5a: a novel biomarker regulated in type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic kidney disease. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019; 18:525-532. [PMID: 31890678 PMCID: PMC6915239 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-019-00461-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is sustained by insulin resistance (IR) and reduced β-cell mass, which is largely due to insulin secretory dysfunction. Wnt5a protein is essential to islet formation and β-cell migration in the development of pancreas in vertebrates. Levels of the Wnt5a protein antagonist plasma secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (Sfrp5) were elevated in patients with T2DM. However, the association between Wnt5a, T2DM patients and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is unknown. We aim to investigate the circulating Wnt5a levels in in different clinical stages of T2DM and evaluate its correlation of duration of diabetes mellitus chronic complication. Methods A total of 329 participants (187 males, 142 females; age range 40 to 80 years) were enrolled in this study. Serum Wnt5a levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The demographic and clinical parameters evaluated in subjects with new onset T2DM, onset T2DM after treatment and DKD at different clinical phases. Results Wnt5a was significantly down-regulated in newly diagnosed T2DM patients and gradually increased after 3 months of treatment. Interesting, serum wnt5a was gradually increased in patients with long-term diabetes and kidney disease compared to patients with T2DM and onset DKD. Conclusions We speculated that the Wnt5a protein might regulate islet function and be involved in the onset of diabetes as a protective factor. It may be one of the inflammatory factors adversely involved in the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, 221009 Jiangsu China
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, SE1 1UL UK
| | - Houfa Geng
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, 221009 Jiangsu China
| | - Xuekui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, 221009 Jiangsu China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, 221009 Jiangsu China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, 221009 Jiangsu China
| | - Qian Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, 221009 Jiangsu China
| | - Yin Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, 221009 Jiangsu China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, 221009 Jiangsu China
| | - Manqing Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, 221009 Jiangsu China
| | - Peter M. Jones
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, London, SE1 1UL UK
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Institute of Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Clinical School of Nanjing Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Southeast University, Xuzhou, 221009 Jiangsu China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Impaired Wnt/β-catenin pathway leads to dysfunction of intestinal regeneration during necrotizing enterocolitis. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:743. [PMID: 31582728 PMCID: PMC6776513 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1987-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating neonatal disease characterized by acute intestinal injury. Intestinal stem cell (ISC) renewal is required for gut regeneration in response to acute injury. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is essential for intestinal renewal and ISC maintenance. We found that ISC expression, Wnt activity and intestinal regeneration were all decreased in both mice with experimental NEC and in infants with acute active NEC. Moreover, intestinal organoids derived from NEC-injured intestine of both mice and humans failed to maintain proliferation and presented more differentiation. Administration of Wnt7b reversed these changes and promoted growth of intestinal organoids. Additionally, administration of exogenous Wnt7b rescued intestinal injury, restored ISC, and reestablished intestinal epithelial homeostasis in mice with NEC. Our findings demonstrate that during NEC, Wnt/β-catenin signaling is decreased, ISC activity is impaired, and intestinal regeneration is defective. Administration of Wnt resulted in the maintenance of intestinal epithelial homeostasis and avoidance of NEC intestinal injury.
Collapse
|
37
|
Yu Z, Jiang Y, Sun C. Glucocorticoids inhibits the repair of airway epithelial cells via the activation of wnt pathway. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2019; 271:103283. [PMID: 31465880 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2019.103283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of Wnt pathway on the inhibition of airway epithelial cells repair by glucocorticoid. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression of E-cadherin in asthma mice model was detected by immunocytochemistry. XAV939 was used to treat 16HBE, and the expressions of related genes were determined by western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell viability, migration and cell cycle were analyzed by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide, wound healing and flow cytometry, respectively. RESULTS In asthma mice model, the lung tissue was impaired. After dexamethasone treatment, the airway inflammation was relieved and the expression of E-cadherin was reduced. Dexamethasone increased the expressions of Wnt7b, LRP5, β-catenin and CyclinD1, inhibited cell viability and migration and arrested cell cycle, whereas XAV939 produced the opposite effects. In addition, XAV939 suppressed Wnt pathway that activated by dexamethasone. CONCLUSION Glucocorticoid could inhibit cell proliferation and migration via regulating Wnt pathway to affect cell cycle, thus inhibiting the repair of airway epithelial after injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongcui Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yubo Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Congling Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Yantai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
van de Vlekkert D, Demmers J, Nguyen XX, Campos Y, Machado E, Annunziata I, Hu H, Gomero E, Qiu X, Bongiovanni A, Feghali-Bostwick CA, d’Azzo A. Excessive exosome release is the pathogenic pathway linking a lysosomal deficiency to generalized fibrosis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaav3270. [PMID: 31328155 PMCID: PMC6636989 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aav3270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal exocytosis is a ubiquitous process negatively regulated by neuraminidase 1 (NEU1), a sialidase mutated in the glycoprotein storage disease sialidosis. In Neu1-/- mice, excessive lysosomal exocytosis is at the basis of disease pathogenesis. Yet, the tissue-specific molecular consequences of this deregulated pathway are still unfolding. We now report that in muscle connective tissue, Neu1-/- fibroblasts have features of myofibroblasts and are proliferative, migratory, and exocytose large amounts of exosomes. These nanocarriers loaded with activated transforming growth factor-β and wingless-related integration site (WNT)/β-catenin signaling molecules propagate fibrotic signals to other cells, maintaining the tissue in a prolonged transitional status. Myofibroblast-derived exosomes fed to normal fibroblasts convert them into myofibroblasts, changing the recipient cells' proliferative and migratory properties. These findings reveal an unexpected exosome-mediated signaling pathway downstream of NEU1 deficiency that propagates a fibrotic disease and could be implicated in idiopathic forms of fibrosis in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diantha van de Vlekkert
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jeroen Demmers
- Proteomics Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Xinh-Xinh Nguyen
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Yvan Campos
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Eda Machado
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Ida Annunziata
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Huimin Hu
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Elida Gomero
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Antonella Bongiovanni
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology (IBIM), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carol A. Feghali-Bostwick
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Alessandra d’Azzo
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lan L, Wang W, Huang Y, Bu X, Zhao C. Roles of Wnt7a in embryo development, tissue homeostasis, and human diseases. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:18588-18598. [PMID: 31271226 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Human Wnt family comprises 19 proteins which are critical to embryo development and tissue homeostasis. Binding to different frizzled (FZD) receptor, Wnt7a initiates both β-catenin dependent pathway, and β-catenin independent pathways such as PI3K/Akt, RAC/JNK, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ. In the embryo, Wnt7a plays a crucial role in cerebral cortex development, synapse formation, and central nervous system vasculature formation and maintenance. Wnt7a is also involved in the development of limb and female reproductive system. Wnt7a mutation leads to human limb malformations and animal female reproductive system defects. Wnt7a is implicated in homeostasis maintenance of skeletal muscle, cartilage, cornea and hair follicle, and Wnt7a treatment may be potentially applied in skeletal muscle dystrophy, corneal damage, wound repair, and hair follicle regeneration. Wnt7a plays dual roles in human tumors. Wnt7a is downregulated in lung cancers, functioning as a tumor suppressor, however, it is upregulated in several other malignancies such as ovarian cancer, breast cancer, and glioma, acting as a tumor promoter. Moreover, Wnt7a overexpression is associated with inflammation and fibrosis, but its roles need to be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Lan
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Spleen Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianmin Bu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Spleen Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenghai Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yu M, Guo Y, Zhang P, Xue J, Yang J, Cai Q, You X, Ma J, Yang D, Jia Y, Wang Y, Li F, Chi S, Cao M, Chen J, Liu X. Increased circulating Wnt5a protein in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial pneumonia (RA-ILD). Immunobiology 2019; 224:551-559. [PMID: 31072629 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
An early diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is important for guiding treatments of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated ILD (RA-ILD) in clinical settings. The non-canonical Wnt signaling representative ligand Wnt5a was recently found to involve in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and pathogenesis of RA. The goal of this study was to examine the clinical relevance of Wnt5a in RA-ILD. In this report, the clinical relevance of plasma Wnt5a protein was evaluated in 40 RA-ILD patients and 41 non-ILD RA cohorts. The results showed an elevated Wnt5a protein in plasmas of RA-ILD patients compared with non-ILD RA patients (p < 0.01), which was positively correlated with the plasma level of rheumatoid factor (RF). Of note, more abundant Wnt5a was also found in patients with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) than those with nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) and other ILD patterns. More importantly, the disease severity was correlated with the circulating Wnt5a as ascertained by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT)-UIP scores. The multiple-factor non-conditional logistic regression analysis further revealed that the age, RA duration, smoking and plasma Wnt5a were risk factors with clinical significance for RA-ILD. Interestingly, more Wnt5a-positive patients were identified in RA-ILD smokers relative to RA-ILD never-smokers, and longer smoking duration was strongly correlated with Wnt5a in RA-ILD patients. In consistence, ROC curve also suggested that the Wnt5a was a potential candidate biomarker for identifying patients with RA-UIP. These results demonstrate that the circulating Wnt5a may be a risk factor and potential biomarker for identifying UIP and accessing the severity and progression of ILD in RA patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China; Institute of Human Stem Cell Research, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
| | - Jiali Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Qian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Xuehong You
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Jia Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Dandan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Yujiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Rheumatology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Shuhong Chi
- Department of Rheumatology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
| | - Mengshu Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China.
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, and College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yuan Y, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Ritch R, Call M, Chu FB, Dong F, Rice T, Zhang J, Kao WWY. Transient expression of Wnt5a elicits ocular features of pseudoexfoliation syndrome in mice. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212569. [PMID: 30840655 PMCID: PMC6402630 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome is an age-related systemic disease with ocular manifestations. The development of animal models is critical in order to elucidate the cause of the disease and to test potential treatment regimens. The purpose of this study is to report phenotypes found in mouse eyes injected with Adenovirus coding Wnt5a. Some of the phenotypes resemble those found in PEX patients while others are different. METHODS Recombinant Adenovirus coding Wnt5a or green fluorescent protein (GFP) were injected into mouse eyes. Two months after the injection, eyes were examined for PEX phenotypes using slit lamp, fluorescence stereomicroscope, histological staining, immunostaining and transmission electron microscope. RESULT Certain ocular features of PEX syndrome were found in mouse eyes injected with recombinant Adenovirus coding Wnt5a. These features include accumulation of exfoliation-like extracellular material on surfaces of anterior segment structures and its dispersion in the anterior chamber, saw-tooth appearance and disrupted basement membrane of the posterior iris pigment epithelium, iris stromal atrophy and disorganized ciliary zonules. Ultrastructure analysis of the exfoliation material revealed that the microfibril structure found in this model was different from those of PEX patients. CONCLUSION These features, resembling signs of ocular PEX syndrome in patients, suggest that new information obtained from this study will be helpful for developing better mouse models for PEX syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yuan
- Crawley Vision Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Ursula Schlötzer-Schrehardt
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert Ritch
- Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Mindy Call
- Crawley Vision Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Fred B. Chu
- Crawley Vision Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- Cincinnati Eye Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Fei Dong
- Crawley Vision Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Taylor Rice
- Crawley Vision Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Crawley Vision Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Winston W.-Y. Kao
- Crawley Vision Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ahangari F, Kaminski N. WNT5a in Extracellular Vesicles - A New Frontier for Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 198:1468-1470. [PMID: 30092145 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201807-1321ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Farida Ahangari
- Yale University, 5755, Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Yale School of Medicine , Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine , New Haven, Connecticut, United States ;
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Györfi AH, Matei AE, Distler JH. Targeting TGF-β signaling for the treatment of fibrosis. Matrix Biol 2018; 68-69:8-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
44
|
Burgy O, Königshoff M. The WNT signaling pathways in wound healing and fibrosis. Matrix Biol 2018; 68-69:67-80. [PMID: 29572156 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The WNT signaling pathways are major regulators of organ development. Ample research over the past few decades revealed that these pathways are critically involved in adult tissue homeostasis and stem cell function as well as the development of chronic diseases, such as cancer and fibrosis. In this review, we will describe the different WNT signal pathways, summarize the current evidence of WNT signal involvement in wound healing and fibrosis, and highlight potential novel therapeutic options for fibrotic disorders targeting WNT signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Burgy
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yue X. Epithelial Deletion of Sulf2 Exacerbates Bleomycin-Induced Lung Injury, Inflammation, and Mortality. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 57:560-569. [PMID: 28657777 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0367oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial injury has been proposed to be the initiating factor in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We have shown previously that heparan sulfate 6-O-endosulfatase (Sulf) 2 is overexpressed in the hyperplastic type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) in the IPF lungs. By removing 6-O-sulfates from specific heparan sulfate intrachain sites, Sulf2 modulates the functions of many growth factors and cytokines. In this study, we hypothesized that Sulf2 plays a regulatory role in alveolar epithelial injury and repair, using the murine bleomycin model. Consistent with our findings in human IPF lungs, bleomycin treatment in mice resulted in up-regulation of Sulf2 mRNA in whole-lung extracts and overexpression of Sulf2 protein in type II AECs on lung tissue sections. Sulf2 protein was detectable in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid at baseline, and its level was significantly increased after bleomycin exposure. To study the role of Sulf2 in alveolar injury and repair in vivo, we generated a doxycycline-inducible epithelial-specific Sulf2 conditional knockout (Sulf2 CKO) mouse line. After bleomycin exposure, Sulf2 CKO mice exhibited enhanced neutrophil infiltration in the lung, with elevated levels of total protein, lactate dehydrogenase, and cytokines (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and interferon-γ-inducible protein 10) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared with wild-type littermates. We further showed that both the p53-p21 DNA damage response and the transforming growth factor-β1 signaling pathway were up-regulated in Sulf2 CKO mice compared with wild-type. Finally, Sulf2 CKO mice suffered increased mortality after bleomycin exposure. In conclusion, Sulf2 expression in type II AECs plays a protective role in epithelial injury, inflammation and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Yue
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Corona BT, Rivera JC, Greising SM. Inflammatory and Physiological Consequences of Debridement of Fibrous Tissue after Volumetric Muscle Loss Injury. Clin Transl Sci 2017; 11:208-217. [PMID: 29193769 PMCID: PMC5867018 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) injuries present chronic loss of muscle fibers followed by expansive fibrotic tissue deposition. Regenerative medicine therapies are under development to promote regeneration. However, mitigation of the expansive fibrous tissue is required for integration with the remaining muscle. Using a porcine VML model, delayed debridement of injury fibrosis was performed 3 months post‐VML and observed for an additional 4 weeks. A second group underwent the initial VML and was observed for 4 weeks, allowing comparison of initial fibrosis formation and debrided groups. The following salient observations were made: (i) debridement neither exacerbated nor ameliorated strength deficits; (ii) debridement results in recurrent fibrotic tissue deposition of a similar magnitude and composition as acute VML injury; and (iii) similarly upregulated transcriptional fibrotic and transcriptional pathways persist 4 weeks after initial VML or delayed debridement. This highlights the need for future studies to investigate adjunctive antifibrotic treatments for the fibrosed musculature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin T Corona
- Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine Task Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jessica C Rivera
- Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine Task Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sarah M Greising
- Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine Task Area, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Distinct Roles of Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:3520581. [PMID: 28588349 PMCID: PMC5447271 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3520581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling pathways are tightly controlled under a physiological condition, under which they play key roles in many biological functions, including cell fate specification and tissue regeneration. Increasing lines of evidence recently demonstrated that a dysregulated activation of Wnt signaling, particularly the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, was involved in the pathogenesis of chronic pulmonary diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In this respect, Wnt signaling interacts with other cellular signaling pathways to regulate the initiation and pathogenic procedures of airway inflammation and remodeling, pulmonary myofibroblast proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and development of emphysema. Intriguingly, Wnt/β-catenin signaling is activated in IPF; an inhibition of this signaling leads to an alleviation of pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in experimental models. Conversely, Wnt/β-catenin signaling is inactivated in COPD tissues, and its reactivation results in an amelioration of airspace enlargement with a restored alveolar epithelial structure and function in emphysema models. These studies thus imply distinct mechanisms of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the pathogenesis of these two chronic pulmonary diseases, indicating potential targets for COPD and IPF treatments. This review article aims to summarize the involvement and pathogenic roles of Wnt signaling pathways in the COPD and IPF, with a focus on the implication of Wnt/β-catenin signaling as underlying mechanisms and therapeutic targets in these two incurable diseases.
Collapse
|
48
|
|
49
|
Baarsma HA, Königshoff M. 'WNT-er is coming': WNT signalling in chronic lung diseases. Thorax 2017; 72:746-759. [PMID: 28416592 PMCID: PMC5537530 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lung diseases represent a major public health problem with only limited therapeutic options. An important unmet need is to identify compounds and drugs that target key molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases. Over the last decade, there has been extensive interest in investigating Wingless/integrase-1 (WNT) signalling pathways; and WNT signal alterations have been linked to pulmonary disease pathogenesis and progression. Here, we comprehensively review the cumulative evidence for WNT pathway alterations in chronic lung pathologies, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension, asthma and COPD. While many studies have focused on the canonical WNT/β-catenin signalling pathway, recent reports highlight that non-canonical WNT signalling may also significantly contribute to chronic lung pathologies; these studies will be particularly featured in this review. We further discuss recent advances uncovering the role of WNT signalling early in life, the potential of pharmaceutically modulating WNT signalling pathways and highlight (pre)clinical studies describing promising new therapies for chronic lung diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H A Baarsma
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - M Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.,Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abraityte A, Vinge LE, Askevold ET, Lekva T, Michelsen AE, Ranheim T, Alfsnes K, Fiane A, Aakhus S, Lunde IG, Dahl CP, Aukrust P, Christensen G, Gullestad L, Yndestad A, Ueland T. Wnt5a is elevated in heart failure and affects cardiac fibroblast function. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:767-777. [PMID: 28357477 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1529-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling is dysregulated in heart failure (HF) and may promote cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and inflammation. Blocking the Wnt ligand Wnt5a prevents HF in animal models. However, the role of Wnt5a in human HF and its functions in cardiac cells remain unclear. Here, we investigated Wnt5a regulation in HF patients and its effects on primary mouse and human cardiac fibroblasts. Serum Wnt5a was elevated in HF patients and associated with hemodynamic, neurohormonal, and clinical measures of disease severity. In failing human hearts, Wnt5a protein correlated with interleukin (IL)-6 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1. Wnt5a messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were markedly upregulated in failing myocardium and both mRNA and protein levels declined following left ventricular assist device therapy. In primary mouse and human cardiac fibroblasts, recombinant Wnt5a dose-dependently upregulated mRNA and protein release of IL-6 and TIMP-1. Wnt5a did not affect β-catenin levels, but activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling. Importantly, inhibition of ERK1/2 activation attenuated Wnt5a-induced release of IL-6 and TIMP-1. In conclusion, our results show that Wnt5a is elevated in the serum and myocardium of HF patients and is associated with measures of progressive HF. Wnt5a induces IL-6 and TIMP-1 in cardiac fibroblasts, which might promote myocardial inflammation and fibrosis, and thereby contribute to HF progression. KEY MESSAGES • Wnt5a is elevated in serum and myocardium of HF patients and is associated with measures of progressive HF. • In cardiac fibroblasts, Wnt5a upregulates interleukin (IL)-6 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 through the ERK pathway. • Wnt5a-mediated effects might promote myocardial inflammation and fibrosis, and thereby contribute to HF progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurelija Abraityte
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway. .,Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Leif E Vinge
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medicine, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Postboks 23 Vinderen, 0319, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik T Askevold
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tove Lekva
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Annika E Michelsen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Trine Ranheim
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Katrine Alfsnes
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arnt Fiane
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Svend Aakhus
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Circulation and Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Postboks 8905 NTNU, Faculty of Medicine, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ida G Lunde
- Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Postboks 4956 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christen P Dahl
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Center, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.,Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center, The Arctic University of Norway, Postboks 6050 Langnes, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Geir Christensen
- Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Postboks 4956 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Gullestad
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arne Yndestad
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Center, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thor Ueland
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet; Postboks 4950 Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Postboks 1078 Blindern, 0316, Oslo, Norway.,K. G. Jebsen Thrombosis Research and Expertise Center, The Arctic University of Norway, Postboks 6050 Langnes, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|