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Hwang RD, Lu Y, Tang Q, Periz G, Park G, Li X, Xiang Q, Liu Y, Zhang T, Wang J. DBT is a metabolic switch for maintenance of proteostasis under proteasomal impairment. eLife 2024; 12:RP91002. [PMID: 39255192 PMCID: PMC11386957 DOI: 10.7554/elife.91002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteotoxic stress impairs cellular homeostasis and underlies the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The proteasomal and autophagic degradation of proteins are two major pathways for protein quality control in the cell. Here, we report a genome-wide CRISPR screen uncovering a major regulator of cytotoxicity resulting from the inhibition of the proteasome. Dihydrolipoamide branched chain transacylase E2 (DBT) was found to be a robust suppressor, the loss of which protects against proteasome inhibition-associated cell death through promoting clearance of ubiquitinated proteins. Loss of DBT altered the metabolic and energetic status of the cell and resulted in activation of autophagy in an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent mechanism in the presence of proteasomal inhibition. Loss of DBT protected against proteotoxicity induced by ALS-linked mutant TDP-43 in Drosophila and mammalian neurons. DBT is upregulated in the tissues of ALS patients. These results demonstrate that DBT is a master switch in the metabolic control of protein quality control with implications in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran-Der Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - YuNing Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Qing Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Goran Periz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Giho Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Xiangning Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Qiwang Xiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | - Jiou Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
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2
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Zhang Y, Tian T, Liang C, Wang J, Zhang J, Tian S, Xie R, Yang T, Han B. Lysine specific demethylase 1 inhibits sodium arsenite activation of HSCs by regulating SESN2/AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathway activity. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3563-3577. [PMID: 38477077 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is a histone demethylase that specifically catalyzes the demethylation of histone H3K4 (H3K4me1/2) and regulates gene expression. In addition, it can mediate the process of autophagy through its demethylase activity. Sestrin2 (SESN2) is a stress-induced protein and a positive regulator of autophagy. In NaAsO2-induced mouse fibrotic livers and activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), LSD1 expression is decreased, SESN2 expression is increased, and autophagy levels are also increased. Overexpression of LSD1 and silencing of SESN2 decreased the level of autophagy and attenuated the activation of HSCs induced by NaAsO2. LSD1 promoted SESN2 gene transcription by increasing H3K4me1/2 in the SESN2 promoter region. 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and chloroquine were used to inhibit autophagy of HSCs, and the degree of activation was also alleviated. Taken together, LSD1 positively regulates SESN2 by increasing H3K4me1/2 enrichment in the SESN2 promoter region, which in turn increases the level of autophagy and promotes the activation of HSCs. Our results may provide new evidence for the importance of LSD1 in the process of autophagy and activation of HSCs induced by arsenic poisoning. Increasing the expression and activity of LSD1 is expected to be an effective way to reverse the autophagy and activation of HSCs induced by arsenic poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Eugenic Genetics, Guiyang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Cai Liang
- Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junli Wang
- The Second People's Hospital of Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiayuan Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Shanshan Tian
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Rujia Xie
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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3
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Hwang RD, Lu Y, Tang Q, Periz G, Park G, Li X, Xiang Q, Liu Y, Zhang T, Wang J. DBT is a metabolic switch for maintenance of proteostasis under proteasomal impairment. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.09.12.556394. [PMID: 37745492 PMCID: PMC10515868 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.12.556394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Proteotoxic stress impairs cellular homeostasis and underlies the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The proteasomal and autophagic degradation of proteins are two major pathways for protein quality control in the cell. Here, we report a genome-wide CRISPR screen uncovering a major regulator of cytotoxicity resulting from the inhibition of the proteasome. Dihydrolipoamide branched chain transacylase E2 (DBT) was found to be a robust suppressor, the loss of which protects against proteasome inhibition-associated cell death through promoting clearance of ubiquitinated proteins. Loss of DBT altered the metabolic and energetic status of the cell and resulted in activation of autophagy in an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent mechanism in the presence of proteasomal inhibition. Loss of DBT protected against proteotoxicity induced by ALS-linked mutant TDP-43 in Drosophila and mammalian neurons. DBT is upregulated in the tissues from ALS patients. These results demonstrate that DBT is a master switch in the metabolic control of protein quality control with implications in neurodegenerative diseases.
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4
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Zhu Z, He M, Zhang T, Zhao T, Qin S, Gao M, Wang W, Zheng W, Chen Z, Liu L, Hao M, Zhou B, Zhang H, Wang J, Wang F, Xia G, Wang C. LSD1 promotes the FSH responsive follicle formation by regulating autophagy and repressing Wt1 in the granulosa cells. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:1122-1136. [PMID: 38302330 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
In a growing follicle, the survival and maturation of the oocyte largely depend on support from somatic cells to facilitate FSH-induced mutual signaling and chemical communication. Although apoptosis and autophagy in somatic cells are involved in the process of FSH-induced follicular development, the underlying mechanisms require substantial study. According to our study, along with FSH-induced antral follicles (AFs) formation, both lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) protein levels and autophagy increased simultaneously in granulosa cells (GCs) in a time-dependent manner, we therefore evaluated the importance of LSD1 upon facilitating the formation of AFs correlated to autophagy in GCs. Conditional knockout of Lsd1 in GCs resulted in significantly decreased AF number and subfertility in females, accompanied by marked suppression of the autophagy in GCs. On the one hand, depletion of Lsd1 resulted in accumulation of Wilms tumor 1 homolog (WT1), at both the protein and mRNA levels. WT1 prevented the expression of FSH receptor (Fshr) in GCs and thus reduced the responsiveness of the secondary follicles to FSH induction. On the other hand, depletion of LSD1 resulted in suppressed level of autophagy by upregulation of ATG16L2 in GCs. We finally approved that LSD1 contributed to these sequential activities in GCs through its H3K4me2 demethylase activity. Therefore, the importance of LSD1 in GCs is attributable to its roles in both accelerating autophagy and suppressing WT1 expression to ensure the responsiveness of GCs to FSH during AFs formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Meina He
- College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shaogang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Meng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenji Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Wenying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ziqi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Longping Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ming Hao
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianbin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- Transgenic Animal Center, National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Guoliang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Eck RJ, Stair JG, Kraemer BC, Liachko NF. Simple models to understand complex disease: 10 years of progress from Caenorhabditis elegans models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1300705. [PMID: 38239833 PMCID: PMC10794587 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1300705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans are a powerful model system to study human disease, with numerous experimental advantages including significant genetic and cellular homology to vertebrate animals, a short lifespan, and tractable behavioral, molecular biology and imaging assays. Beginning with the identification of SOD1 as a genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), C. elegans have contributed to a deeper understanding of the mechanistic underpinnings of this devastating neurodegenerative disease. More recently this work has expanded to encompass models of other types of ALS and the related disease frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-TDP), including those characterized by mutation or accumulation of the proteins TDP-43, C9orf72, FUS, HnRNPA2B1, ALS2, DCTN1, CHCHD10, ELP3, TUBA4A, CAV1, UBQLN2, ATXN3, TIA1, KIF5A, VAPB, GRN, and RAB38. In this review we summarize these models and the progress and insights from the last ten years of using C. elegans to study the neurodegenerative diseases ALS and FTLD-TDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall J. Eck
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jade G. Stair
- Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Brian C. Kraemer
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Nicole F. Liachko
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Geriatrics Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States
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Anton V, Buntenbroich I, Simões T, Joaquim M, Müller L, Buettner R, Odenthal M, Hoppe T, Escobar-Henriques M. E4 ubiquitin ligase promotes mitofusin turnover and mitochondrial stress response. Mol Cell 2023; 83:2976-2990.e9. [PMID: 37595558 PMCID: PMC10434984 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-dependent control of mitochondrial dynamics is important for protein quality and neuronal integrity. Mitofusins, mitochondrial fusion factors, can integrate cellular stress through their ubiquitylation, which is carried out by multiple E3 enzymes in response to many different stimuli. However, the molecular mechanisms that enable coordinated responses are largely unknown. Here we show that yeast Ufd2, a conserved ubiquitin chain-elongating E4 enzyme, is required for mitochondrial shape adjustments. Under various stresses, Ufd2 translocates to mitochondria and triggers mitofusin ubiquitylation. This elongates ubiquitin chains on mitofusin and promotes its proteasomal degradation, leading to mitochondrial fragmentation. Ufd2 and its human homologue UBE4B also target mitofusin mutants associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a hereditary sensory and motor neuropathy characterized by progressive loss of the peripheral nerves. This underscores the pathophysiological importance of E4-mediated ubiquitylation in neurodegeneration. In summary, we identify E4-dependent mitochondrial stress adaptation by linking various metabolic processes to mitochondrial fusion and fission dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Anton
- Institute for Genetics, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Ira Buntenbroich
- Institute for Genetics, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Tânia Simões
- Institute for Genetics, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Mariana Joaquim
- Institute for Genetics, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
| | - Leonie Müller
- Institute for Genetics, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Buettner
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Hoppe
- Institute for Genetics, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany
| | - Mafalda Escobar-Henriques
- Institute for Genetics, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Cologne, Germany.
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Wu HH, Leng S, Abuetabh Y, Sergi C, Eisenstat DD, Leng R. The SWIB/MDM2 motif of UBE4B activates the p53 pathway. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023; 31:466-481. [PMID: 36865087 PMCID: PMC9971181 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 plays a critical role in cancer pathogenesis, and regulation of p53 expression is essential for maintaining normal cell growth. UBE4B is an E3/E4 ubiquitin ligase involved in a negative-feedback loop with p53. UBE4B is required for Hdm2-mediated p53 polyubiquitination and degradation. Thus, targeting the p53-UBE4B interactions is a promising anticancer strategy for cancer therapy. In this study, we confirm that while the UBE4B U box does not bind to p53, it is essential for the degradation of p53 and acts in a dominant-negative manner, thereby stabilizing p53. C-terminal UBE4B mutants lose their ability to degrade p53. Notably, we identified one SWIB/Hdm2 motif of UBE4B that is vital for p53 binding. Furthermore, the novel UBE4B peptide activates p53 functions, including p53-dependent transactivation and growth inhibition, by blocking the p53-UBE4B interactions. Our findings indicate that targeting the p53-UBE4B interaction presents a novel approach for p53 activation therapy in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Helena Wu
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Sarah Leng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (5B4. 09), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Yasser Abuetabh
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Consolato Sergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (5B4. 09), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada,Division of Anatomical Pathology, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), University of Ottawa, 401 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - David D. Eisenstat
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, 11560 University Avenue, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada,Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, 11405 - 87 Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada,Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, 8613 114 Street, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada,Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Roger Leng
- 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada,Corresponding author: Roger Leng, 370 Heritage Medical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada.
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8
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Li Y, Zhao Y, Li X, Zhai L, Zheng H, Yan Y, Fu Q, Ma J, Fu H, Zhang Z, Li Z. Biological and therapeutic role of LSD1 in Alzheimer’s diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1020556. [PMID: 36386192 PMCID: PMC9640401 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1020556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive learning and memory impairments, however, current treatments only provide symptomatic relief. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), regulating the homeostasis of histone methylation, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative disorders. LSD1 functions in regulating gene expression via transcriptional repression or activation, and is involved in initiation and progression of AD. Pharmacological inhibition of LSD1 has shown promising therapeutic benefits for AD treatment. In this review, we attempt to elaborate on the role of LSD1 in some aspects of AD including neuroinflammation, autophagy, neurotransmitters, ferroptosis, tau protein, as well as LSD1 inhibitors under clinical assessments for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Yellow River Central Hospital of Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Yellow River Central Hospital of Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaona Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Yellow River Central Hospital of Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liuqun Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, Yellow River Central Hospital of Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hua Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Yellow River Central Hospital of Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Yellow River Central Hospital of Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinlian Ma
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haier Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Yellow River Central Hospital of Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haier Fu, ; Zhenqiang Zhang, ; Zhonghua Li,
| | - Zhenqiang Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haier Fu, ; Zhenqiang Zhang, ; Zhonghua Li,
| | - Zhonghua Li
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haier Fu, ; Zhenqiang Zhang, ; Zhonghua Li,
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9
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Ma T, Li A, Guo Y, Li S, Li M, Feng S, Liu H. KDM1A/LSD1 as a promising target in various diseases treatment by regulating autophagy network. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 148:112762. [PMID: 35240522 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics refers to alterations in gene expressions that are reversible and stable, but do not involve changes in DNA sequences. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have shown that epigenetics plays a critical role in autophagy, which can be schematized as a biological process comprising of the following steps: autophagy signal activation, autophagic vesicle elongation, autophagosome maturation and autophagosome-lysosome fusion. As previously reported, autophagy can maintain intracellular homeostasis and autophagy dysfunction will lead to various diseases. For instance, the abnormal expression of genes involved in autophagy can result in the occurrence of many cancers and atherosclerosis. It is also well known that epigenetic modifications can affect autophagy related genes expressions and modulate other signaling molecular involved in autophagy. As an important epigenetic enzyme, LSD1 (lysine specific demethylase 1) plays an essential role in modulating autophagy. On one hand, LSD1 directly regulates autophagy-related genes expressions, including ATGs, Beclin-1, LC3 and SQSTM1/p62. On the other hand, inhibition of LSD1 can activate autophagy through regulating the activities of some other proteins such as p53, SESN2, mTORC1 and PTEN. Since autophagy activation is tightly related to the occurrence of various diseases and can be induced by LSD1 inhibition, development of LSD1 inhibitors will provide a new direction to treat such diseases. In this review, we described the mechanisms by which LSD1 regulates autophagy in different manners and how autophagic dysfunction leads to diseases occurrence. In addition, some LSD1 inhibitors used to treat diseases through modulating autophagy are also summarized in our review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Anqi Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yueyang Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shaotong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Meng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Siqi Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Hongmin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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10
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Fischer F, Grigolon G, Benner C, Ristow M. Evolutionarily conserved transcription factors as regulators of longevity and targets for geroprotection. Physiol Rev 2022; 102:1449-1494. [PMID: 35343830 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00017.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the single largest risk factor for many debilitating conditions, including heart diseases, stroke, cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. While far from understood in its full complexity, it is scientifically well-established that aging is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, and can be modulated by various interventions. One of aging's early hallmarks are aberrations in transcriptional networks, controlling for example metabolic homeostasis or the response to stress. Evidence in different model organisms abounds that a number of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors, which control such networks, can affect lifespan and healthspan across species. These transcription factors thus potentially represent conserved regulators of longevity and are emerging as important targets in the challenging quest to develop treatments to mitigate age-related diseases, and possibly even to slow aging itself. This review provides an overview of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors that impact longevity or age-related diseases in at least one multicellular model organism (nematodes, flies, or mice), and/or are tentatively linked to human aging. Discussed is the general evidence for transcriptional regulation of aging and disease, followed by a more detailed look at selected transcription factor families, the common metabolic pathways involved, and the targeting of transcription factors as a strategy for geroprotective interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Fischer
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Giovanna Grigolon
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Benner
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Michael Ristow
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
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11
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Neurons undergo pathogenic metabolic reprogramming in models of familial ALS. Mol Metab 2022; 60:101468. [PMID: 35248787 PMCID: PMC8958550 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Methods Results Conclusions Our work is the first to perform a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of intermediary metabolism in neurons in the setting of fALS causing gene products. Because the cardinal feature of ALS is death of motor neurons, these new studies are directly relevant to the pathogenesis of ALS. Our functional interrogations begin to unpack how metabolic re-wiring is induced by fALS genes and it will be very interesting, in the future, to gain insight in amino acid fueling of the TCA cycle. We suspect pleiotropic effects of amino acid fueling, and this may lead to very targeted therapeutic interventions.
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12
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Xie C, Long F, Li L, Li X, Ma M, Lu Z, Wu R, Zhang Y, Huang L, Chou J, Gong N, Hu G, Lin C. PTBP3 modulates P53 expression and promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation by maintaining UBE4A mRNA stability. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:128. [PMID: 35136024 PMCID: PMC8826374 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04564-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The RNA binding protein PTBP3 was recently reported to play a critical role in multiple cancers, and the molecular mechanisms involved RNA splicing, 3' end processing and translation. However, the role of PTBP3 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains poorly explored. Herein, PTBP3 was upregulated in CRC and associated with a poor prognosis. PTBP3 knockdown in colorectal cancer cell lines restricted CRC proliferative capacities in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, PTBP3 regulated the expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase UBE4A by binding the 3' UTR of its mRNA, preventing its degradation. UBE4A participated in P53 degradation, and PTBP3 knockdown in colorectal cancer cell lines showed increased P53 expression. UBE4A overexpression rescued PTBP3 knockdown-induced inhibition of CRC cell proliferation and P53 expression. Our results demonstrated that PTBP3 plays an essential role in CRC cell proliferation by stabilizing UBE4A to regulate P53 expression and may serve as a new prognostic biomarker and effective therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canbin Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Fei Long
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Min Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Zhixing Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Runliu Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Jing Chou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Ni Gong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Gui Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
| | - Changwei Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.
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13
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MARK2 phosphorylates eIF2α in response to proteotoxic stress. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001096. [PMID: 33705388 PMCID: PMC7951919 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation of protein synthesis is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis, especially during stress responses, and its dysregulation could underlie the development of human diseases. The critical step during translation regulation is the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α). Here we report the identification of a direct kinase of eIF2α, microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2 (MARK2), which phosphorylates eIF2α in response to proteotoxic stress. The activity of MARK2 was confirmed in the cells lacking the 4 previously known eIF2α kinases. MARK2 itself was found to be a substrate of protein kinase C delta (PKCδ), which serves as a sensor for protein misfolding stress through a dynamic interaction with heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). Both MARK2 and PKCδ are activated via phosphorylation in proteotoxicity-associated neurodegenerative mouse models and in human patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). These results reveal a PKCδ-MARK2-eIF2α cascade that may play a critical role in cellular proteotoxic stress responses and human diseases. The regulation of protein translation is vital for cellular stress responses and human diseases. This study identifies a new pathway that regulates the key step of translation initiation, with MARK2 directly phosphorylating eIF2α and acting downstream of PKCδ. This pathway is activated in conditions of cellular stress and in proteotoxicity-associated neurodegeneration.
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14
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Maor-Nof M, Shipony Z, Lopez-Gonzalez R, Nakayama L, Zhang YJ, Couthouis J, Blum JA, Castruita PA, Linares GR, Ruan K, Ramaswami G, Simon DJ, Nof A, Santana M, Han K, Sinnott-Armstrong N, Bassik MC, Geschwind DH, Tessier-Lavigne M, Attardi LD, Lloyd TE, Ichida JK, Gao FB, Greenleaf WJ, Yokoyama JS, Petrucelli L, Gitler AD. p53 is a central regulator driving neurodegeneration caused by C9orf72 poly(PR). Cell 2021; 184:689-708.e20. [PMID: 33482083 PMCID: PMC7886018 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a GGGGCC repeat expansion in the C9orf72 gene. We developed a platform to interrogate the chromatin accessibility landscape and transcriptional program within neurons during degeneration. We provide evidence that neurons expressing the dipeptide repeat protein poly(proline-arginine), translated from the C9orf72 repeat expansion, activate a highly specific transcriptional program, exemplified by a single transcription factor, p53. Ablating p53 in mice completely rescued neurons from degeneration and markedly increased survival in a C9orf72 mouse model. p53 reduction also rescued axonal degeneration caused by poly(glycine-arginine), increased survival of C9orf72 ALS/FTD-patient-induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived motor neurons, and mitigated neurodegeneration in a C9orf72 fly model. We show that p53 activates a downstream transcriptional program, including Puma, which drives neurodegeneration. These data demonstrate a neurodegenerative mechanism dynamically regulated through transcription-factor-binding events and provide a framework to apply chromatin accessibility and transcription program profiles to neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Maor-Nof
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Zohar Shipony
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Lisa Nakayama
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yong-Jie Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Julien Couthouis
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jacob A Blum
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Patricia A Castruita
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gabriel R Linares
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kai Ruan
- Department of Neurology, Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gokul Ramaswami
- Department of Neurology, Program in Neurogenetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David J Simon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aviv Nof
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Manuel Santana
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kyuho Han
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Michael C Bassik
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Department of Neurology, Program in Neurogenetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Laura D Attardi
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Division of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Thomas E Lloyd
- Department of Neurology, Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Justin K Ichida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fen-Biao Gao
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - William J Greenleaf
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer S Yokoyama
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Aaron D Gitler
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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15
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USP7 regulates ALS-associated proteotoxicity and quality control through the NEDD4L-SMAD pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:28114-28125. [PMID: 33106424 PMCID: PMC7668097 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2014349117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein homeostasis is fundamental to the functioning of all living cells. Perturbation of the homeostasis, or proteotoxicity, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and related neurodegenerative diseases. To guard against proteotoxicity, cells have evolved sophisticated quality-control mechanisms that make adaptations including enhanced turnover of misfolded proteins. However, how the quality-control systems are coordinated through higher-order regulatory pathways is not fully understood. We have discovered a unique suppressor of proteotoxicity, the ubiquitin-specific protease USP7, whose action is conserved from invertebrate to mammalian systems and mediated by a substrate cascade involving NEDD4L and SMAD2. These findings reveal a previously unknown regulatory pathway for protein quality control and provide new strategies for developing interventions for neurodegenerative diseases. An imbalance in cellular homeostasis occurring as a result of protein misfolding and aggregation contributes to the pathogeneses of neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, we report the identification of a ubiquitin-specific protease, USP7, as a regulatory switch in a protein quality-control system that defends against proteotoxicity. A genome-wide screen in a Caenorhabditis elegans model of SOD1-linked ALS identified the USP7 ortholog as a suppressor of proteotoxicity in the nervous system. The actions of USP7 orthologs on misfolded proteins were found to be conserved in Drosophila and mammalian cells. USP7 acts on protein quality control through the SMAD2 transcription modulator of the transforming growth factor β pathway, which activates autophagy and enhances the clearance of misfolded proteins. USP7 deubiquitinates the E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4L, which mediates the degradation of SMAD2. Inhibition of USP7 protected against proteotoxicity in mammalian neurons, and SMAD2 was found to be dysregulated in the nervous systems of ALS patients. These findings reveal a regulatory pathway of protein quality control that is implicated in the proteotoxicity-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
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16
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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Modifiers in Drosophila Reveal the Phospholipase D Pathway as a Potential Therapeutic Target. Genetics 2020; 215:747-766. [PMID: 32345615 PMCID: PMC7337071 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.119.302985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder lacking effective treatments. ALS pathology is linked to mutations in several different genes indicating... Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), commonly known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder lacking effective treatments. ALS pathology is linked to mutations in >20 different genes indicating a complex underlying genetic architecture that is effectively unknown. Here, in an attempt to identify genes and pathways for potential therapeutic intervention and explore the genetic circuitry underlying Drosophila models of ALS, we carry out two independent genome-wide screens for modifiers of degenerative phenotypes associated with the expression of transgenic constructs carrying familial ALS-causing alleles of FUS (hFUSR521C) and TDP-43 (hTDP-43M337V). We uncover a complex array of genes affecting either or both of the two strains, and investigate their activities in additional ALS models. Our studies indicate the pathway that governs phospholipase D activity as a major modifier of ALS-related phenotypes, a notion supported by data we generated in mice and others collected in humans.
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17
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He M, Zhang T, Zhu Z, Qin S, Wang H, Zhao L, Zhang X, Hu J, Wen J, Cai H, Xin Q, Guo Q, Lin L, Zhou B, Zhang H, Xia G, Wang C. LSD1 contributes to programmed oocyte death by regulating the transcription of autophagy adaptor SQSTM1/p62. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13102. [PMID: 32074399 PMCID: PMC7059144 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In female mammals, the size of the initially established primordial follicle (PF) pool within the ovaries determines the reproductive lifespan of females. Interestingly, the establishment of the PF pool is accompanied by a remarkable programmed oocyte loss for unclear reasons. Although apoptosis and autophagy are involved in the process of oocyte loss, the underlying mechanisms require substantial study. Here, we identify a new role of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) in controlling the fate of oocytes in perinatal mice through regulating the level of autophagy. Our results show that the relatively higher level of LSD1 in fetal ovaries sharply reduces from 18.5 postcoitus (dpc). Meanwhile, the level of autophagy increases while oocytes are initiating programmed death. Specific disruption of LSD1 resulted in significantly increased autophagy and obviously decreased oocyte number compared with the control. Conversely, the oocyte number is remarkably increased by the overexpression of Lsd1 in ovaries. We further demonstrated that LSD1 exerts its role by regulating the transcription of p62 and affecting autophagy level through its H3K4me2 demethylase activity. Finally, in physiological conditions, a decrease in LSD1 level leads to an increased level of autophagy in the oocyte when a large number of oocytes are being lost. Collectively, LSD1 may be one of indispensible epigenetic molecules who protects oocytes against preterm death through repressing the autophagy level in a time-specific manner. And epigenetic modulation contributes to programmed oocyte death by regulating autophagy in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meina He
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Zijian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Shaogang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Huarong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Lihua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Jiayi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Jia Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Han Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Qiliang Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Qirui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Guoliang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China Ningxia University Yinchuan China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing China
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18
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Antoniou N, Lagopati N, Balourdas DI, Nikolaou M, Papalampros A, Vasileiou PVS, Myrianthopoulos V, Kotsinas A, Shiloh Y, Liontos M, Gorgoulis VG. The Role of E3, E4 Ubiquitin Ligase (UBE4B) in Human Pathologies. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 12:cancers12010062. [PMID: 31878315 PMCID: PMC7017255 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The genome is exposed daily to many deleterious factors. Ubiquitination is a mechanism that regulates several crucial cellular functions, allowing cells to react upon various stimuli in order to preserve their homeostasis. Ubiquitin ligases act as specific regulators and actively participate among others in the DNA damage response (DDR) network. UBE4B is a newly identified member of E3 ubiquitin ligases that appears to be overexpressed in several human neoplasms. The aim of this review is to provide insights into the role of UBE4B ubiquitin ligase in DDR and its association with p53 expression, shedding light particularly on the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Antoniou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., Goudi, GR-11527 Athens, Greece; (N.A.); (N.L.); (P.V.S.V.); (M.L.)
| | - Nefeli Lagopati
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., Goudi, GR-11527 Athens, Greece; (N.A.); (N.L.); (P.V.S.V.); (M.L.)
| | - Dimitrios Ilias Balourdas
- Department of Pharmacy, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, GR-15771 Athens, Greece; (D.I.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Michail Nikolaou
- General Maternal Hospital of Athens “Elena Venizelou”, GR-11521 Athens, Greece;
| | - Alexandros Papalampros
- First Department of Surgery, Laikon Teaching Hospital, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., Goudi, GR-11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Panagiotis V. S. Vasileiou
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., Goudi, GR-11527 Athens, Greece; (N.A.); (N.L.); (P.V.S.V.); (M.L.)
| | - Vassilios Myrianthopoulos
- Department of Pharmacy, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, GR-15771 Athens, Greece; (D.I.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Athanassios Kotsinas
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., Goudi, GR-11527 Athens, Greece; (N.A.); (N.L.); (P.V.S.V.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (V.G.G.); Tel.: +30-210-746-2350 (V.G.G.)
| | - Yosef Shiloh
- The David and Inez Myers Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Michalis Liontos
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., Goudi, GR-11527 Athens, Greece; (N.A.); (N.L.); (P.V.S.V.); (M.L.)
- Oncology Unit, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, GR-11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis G. Gorgoulis
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Str., Goudi, GR-11527 Athens, Greece; (N.A.); (N.L.); (P.V.S.V.); (M.L.)
- Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, GR-11527 Athens, Greece
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (V.G.G.); Tel.: +30-210-746-2350 (V.G.G.)
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19
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Ye Y, Klenerman D, Finley D. N-Terminal Ubiquitination of Amyloidogenic Proteins Triggers Removal of Their Oligomers by the Proteasome Holoenzyme. J Mol Biol 2019; 432:585-596. [PMID: 31518613 PMCID: PMC6990400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation of amyloidogenic proteins is an abnormal biological process implicated in neurodegenerative disorders. Whereas the aggregation process of amyloid-forming proteins has been studied extensively, the mechanism of aggregate removal is poorly understood. We recently demonstrated that proteasomes could fragment filamentous aggregates into smaller entities, restricting aggregate size [1]. Here, we show in vitro that UBE2W can modify the N-terminus of both α-synuclein and a tau tetra-repeat domain with a single ubiquitin. We demonstrate that an engineered N-terminal ubiquitin modification changes the aggregation process of both proteins, resulting in the formation of structurally distinct aggregates. Single-molecule approaches further reveal that the proteasome can target soluble oligomers assembled from ubiquitin-modified proteins independently of its peptidase activity, consistent with our recently reported fibril-fragmenting activity. Based on these results, we propose that proteasomes are able to target oligomers assembled from N-terminally ubiquitinated proteins. Our data suggest a possible disassembly mechanism by which N-terminal ubiquitination and the proteasome may together impede aggregate formation. Amyloid proteins α-synuclein and tauK18 can be ubiquitinated by UBE2W. N-terminal ubiquitin modification on amyloid proteins delays aggregation. Proteasomes can remove N-terminal ubiquitin-modified oligomers. Proteasomes remove oligomers primarily by enabling their dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ye
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
| | - David Klenerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Daniel Finley
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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20
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Zhuo X, Wu Y, Yang Y, Gao L, Qiao X, Chen T. Knockdown of LSD1 meliorates Ox-LDL-stimulated NLRP3 activation and inflammation by promoting autophagy via SESN2-mesiated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Life Sci 2019; 233:116696. [PMID: 31351969 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the mechanism of how LSD1 regulates autophagy and the correlation between LSD1 and Ox-LDL-induced inflammation. MAIN METHODS RAW264.7 cells were used during the whole study. Firstly, the effect of Ox-LDL-stimulation on LSD1 expression was detected. Through loss-of-function assay, the associations between LSD1 interference and SESN2 expression, autophagy, NLRP3 inflammasome and inflammatory cytokines were explored. Finally, the function of LSD1 exerted on activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway was detected using western blotting assay. KEY FINDINGS The expression of LSD1 was significantly elevated in Ox-LDL-treated RAW264.7 cells. Inhibition of LSD1 promoted autophagy, inhibited inflammation and activated NLRP3 inflammasome. SESN2 was elevated by LSD1 inhibition, and thus activate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway. What' more, Knockdown of SESN2 or deactivate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway partly reversed the effect of LSD1 inhibition on autophagy. SIGNIFICANCE Our present study drew the finding that the knockdown of LSD1 meliorated Ox-LDL-stimulated NLRP3 activation and inflammation through promoting autophagy via SESN2-mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Zhuo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Yanjie Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Xiangrui Qiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China.
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21
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Wu L, Wei Y, Zhou WB, Zhang YS, Chen QH, Liu MX, Zhu ZP, Zhou J, Yang LH, Wang HM, Wei GM, Wang S, Tang ZG. Gene expression alterations of human liver cancer cells following borax exposure. Oncol Rep 2019; 42:115-130. [PMID: 31180554 PMCID: PMC6549072 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Borax is a boron compound that is becoming widely recognized for its biological effects, including lipid peroxidation, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, antioxidant activity and potential therapeutic benefits. However, it remains unknown whether exposure of human liver cancer (HepG2) cells to borax affects the gene expression of these cells. HepG2 cells were treated with 4 mM borax for either 2 or 24 h. Gene expression analysis was performed using Affymetrix GeneChip Human Gene 2.0 ST Arrays, which was followed by gene ontology analysis and pathway analysis. The clustering result was validated using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. A cell proliferation assay was performed using Celigo Image Cytometer Instrumentation. Following this, 2- or 24-h exposure to borax significantly altered the expression level of a number of genes in HepG2 cells, specifically 530 genes (384 upregulated and 146 downregulated) or 1,763 genes (1,044 upregulated and 719 downregulated) compared with the control group, respectively (≥2-fold; P<0.05). Twenty downregulated genes were abundantly expressed in HepG2 cells under normal conditions. Furthermore, the growth of HepG2 cells was inhibited through the downregulation of PRUNE1, NBPF1, PPcaspase-1, UPF2 and MBTPS1 (≥1.5-fold, P<0.05). The dysregulated genes potentially serve important roles in various biological processes, including the inflammation response, stress response, cellular growth, proliferation, apoptosis and tumorigenesis/oncolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wei
- Liver Surgery Institute of The Experiment Center of Medicine, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Bo Zhou
- Liver Surgery Institute of The Experiment Center of Medicine, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - You-Shun Zhang
- Liver Surgery Institute of The Experiment Center of Medicine, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Qin-Hua Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Experiment Center of Medicine, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Xing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, YunXi Health for Women And Children, Children's Hospital, Maternal & Child Care and Family Planning Service Centre, Shiyan, Hubei 442600, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Peng Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Zhou
- Liver Surgery Institute of The Experiment Center of Medicine, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Yang
- Subject Construction Office, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Mei Wang
- Liver Surgery Institute of The Experiment Center of Medicine, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Min Wei
- Liver Surgery Institute of The Experiment Center of Medicine, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Liver Surgery Institute of The Experiment Center of Medicine, Dongfeng Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Tang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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22
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L3MBTL1 regulates ALS/FTD-associated proteotoxicity and quality control. Nat Neurosci 2019; 22:875-886. [PMID: 31061493 PMCID: PMC6588399 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-019-0384-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Misfolded protein toxicity and failure of protein quality control
underlie neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
(ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Here, we identified Lethal(3)malignant
brain tumor-like protein 1 (L3MBTL1) as a previously unknown regulator of
protein quality control, the loss of which protected against the proteotoxicity
of mutant SOD1 or C9orf72 dipeptide repeat proteins. L3MBTL1 acts by regulating
p53-dependent quality control systems that degrade misfolded proteins. SET
domain-containing protein 8 (SETD8), a L3MBTL1-associatd p53-binding protein,
also regulated clearance of misfolded proteins and was increased by
proteotoxicity-associated stresses in mammalian cells. Both L3MBTL1 and SETD8
were up-regulated in the central nervous systems of mouse models of ALS and
human ALS/FTD patients. The role of L3MBTL1 in protein quality control is
conserved from C. elegans to mammalian neurons. These results
indicate a previously unrecognized pathway in both normal stress response and
proteotoxicity-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
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23
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Markmiller S, Soltanieh S, Server KL, Mak R, Jin W, Fang MY, Luo EC, Krach F, Yang D, Sen A, Fulzele A, Wozniak JM, Gonzalez DJ, Kankel MW, Gao FB, Bennett EJ, Lécuyer E, Yeo GW. Context-Dependent and Disease-Specific Diversity in Protein Interactions within Stress Granules. Cell 2019; 172:590-604.e13. [PMID: 29373831 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 554] [Impact Index Per Article: 110.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are transient ribonucleoprotein (RNP) aggregates that form during cellular stress and are increasingly implicated in human neurodegeneration. To study the proteome and compositional diversity of SGs in different cell types and in the context of neurodegeneration-linked mutations, we used ascorbate peroxidase (APEX) proximity labeling, mass spectrometry, and immunofluorescence to identify ∼150 previously unknown human SG components. A highly integrated, pre-existing SG protein interaction network in unstressed cells facilitates rapid coalescence into larger SGs. Approximately 20% of SG diversity is stress or cell-type dependent, with neuronal SGs displaying a particularly complex repertoire of proteins enriched in chaperones and autophagy factors. Strengthening the link between SGs and neurodegeneration, we demonstrate aberrant dynamics, composition, and subcellular distribution of SGs in cells from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. Using three Drosophila ALS/FTD models, we identify SG-associated modifiers of neurotoxicity in vivo. Altogether, our results highlight SG proteins as central to understanding and ultimately targeting neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Markmiller
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA
| | - Sahar Soltanieh
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Kari L Server
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA
| | - Raymond Mak
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wenhao Jin
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore
| | - Mark Y Fang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA
| | - En-Ching Luo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA
| | - Florian Krach
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA
| | - Dejun Yang
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Anindya Sen
- Neuromuscular & Movement Disorders, Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Amit Fulzele
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jacob M Wozniak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - David J Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mark W Kankel
- Neuromuscular & Movement Disorders, Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Fen-Biao Gao
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Eric J Bennett
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Eric Lécuyer
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada; Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada; Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Stem Cell Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA; Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; Molecular Engineering Laboratory, A(∗)STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore.
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24
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Ambrosio S, Ballabio A, Majello B. Histone methyl-transferases and demethylases in the autophagy regulatory network: the emerging role of KDM1A/LSD1 demethylase. Autophagy 2018; 15:187-196. [PMID: 30208749 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1520546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a physiological mechanism that is essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and stress adaptation. Defective autophagy is associated with many human diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. The emerging implication of epigenetic events in the control of the autophagic process opens new avenues of investigation and offers the opportunity to develop novel therapeutic strategies in diseases associated with dysfunctional autophagy-lysosomal pathways. Accumulating evidence reveals that several methyltransferases and demethylases are essential regulators of autophagy, and recent studies have led to the identification of the lysine demethylase KDM1A/LSD1 as a promising drug target. KDM1A/LSD1 modulates autophagy at multiple levels, participating in the transcriptional control of several downstream effectors. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of KDM1A/LSD1 in the autophagy regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Ambrosio
- a Department of Biology , Federico II University , Naples , Italy.,b Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM) , Pozzuoli, Naples , Italy
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- b Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM) , Pozzuoli, Naples , Italy.,c Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medicine , Federico II University , Naples , Italy.,d Department of Molecular and Human Genetics , Baylor College of Medicine and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Barbara Majello
- a Department of Biology , Federico II University , Naples , Italy
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25
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Sun J, Ermann J, Niu N, Yan G, Yang Y, Shi Y, Zou W. Histone demethylase LSD1 regulates bone mass by controlling WNT7B and BMP2 signaling in osteoblasts. Bone Res 2018; 6:14. [PMID: 29707403 PMCID: PMC5916912 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-018-0015-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple regulatory mechanisms control osteoblast differentiation and function to ensure unperturbed skeletal formation and remodeling. In this study we identify histone lysine-specific demethylase 1(LSD1/KDM1A) as a key epigenetic regulator of osteoblast differentiation. Knockdown of LSD1 promoted osteoblast differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in vitro and mice lacking LSD1 in mesenchymal cells displayed increased bone mass secondary to accelerated osteoblast differentiation. Mechanistic in vitro studies revealed that LSD1 epigenetically regulates the expression of WNT7B and BMP2. LSD1 deficiency resulted in increased BMP2 and WNT7B expression in osteoblasts and enhanced bone formation, while downregulation of WNT7B- and BMP2-related signaling using genetic mouse model or small-molecule inhibitors attenuated bone phenotype in vivo. Furthermore, the LSD1 inhibitor tranylcypromine (TCP) could increase bone mass in mice. These data identify LSD1 as a novel regulator of osteoblast activity and suggest LSD1 inhibition as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sun
- 1State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Joerg Ermann
- 2Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Ningning Niu
- 1State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Guang Yan
- 1State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Yang Yang
- 1State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031 China
| | - Yujiang Shi
- 3Newborn Medicine Division, Boston Children's Hospital and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Weiguo Zou
- 1State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031 China
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26
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Song H, Feng X, Zhang M, Jin X, Xu X, Wang L, Ding X, Luo Y, Lin F, Wu Q, Liang G, Yu T, Liu Q, Zhang Z. Crosstalk between lysine methylation and phosphorylation of ATG16L1 dictates the apoptosis of hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cardiomyocytes. Autophagy 2018; 14:825-844. [PMID: 29634390 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1389357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications of autophagy-related (ATG) genes are necessary to modulate their functions. However, ATG protein methylation and its physiological role have not yet been elucidated. The methylation of non-histone proteins by SETD7, a SET domain-containing lysine methyltransferase, is a novel regulatory mechanism to control cell protein function in response to various cellular stresses. Here we present evidence that the precise activity of ATG16L1 protein in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-treated cardiomyocytes is regulated by a balanced methylation and phosphorylation switch. We first show that H/R promotes autophagy and decreases SETD7 expression, whereas autophagy inhibition by 3-MA increases SETD7 level in cardiomyocytes, implying a tight correlation between autophagy and SETD7. Then we demonstrate that SETD7 methylates ATG16L1 at lysine 151 while KDM1A/LSD1 (lysine demethylase 1A) removes this methyl mark. Furthermore, we validate that this methylation at lysine 151 impairs the binding of ATG16L1 to the ATG12-ATG5 conjugate, leading to inhibition of autophagy and increased apoptosis in H/R-treated cardiomyocytes. However, the cardiomyocytes with shRNA-knocked down SETD7 or inhibition of SETD7 activity by a small molecule chemical, display increased autophagy and decreased apoptosis following H/R treatment. Additionally, methylation at lysine 151 inhibits phosphorylation of ATG16L1 at S139 by CSNK2 which was previously shown to be critical for autophagy maintenance, and vice versa. Together, our findings define a novel modification of ATG16L1 and highlight the importance of an ATG16L1 phosphorylation-methylation switch in determining the fate of H/R-treated cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Song
- a Department of Cardiology , Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences ; Shanghai , China.,b Longju Medical Research Center ; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education ; Zunyi Medical University ; Zunyi , China
| | - Xing Feng
- b Longju Medical Research Center ; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education ; Zunyi Medical University ; Zunyi , China.,c Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey ; Rutgers University ; New Brunswick , NJ USA
| | - Min Zhang
- d Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology; Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy of the Ministry of Education; Institute of Cardiology; Union Hospital; Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology ; Wuhan , China
| | - Xian Jin
- e Department of Cardiology ; Minhang Hospital ; Fudan University ; Shanghai , China
| | - Xiangdong Xu
- a Department of Cardiology , Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences ; Shanghai , China
| | - Lin Wang
- f Department of Cardiology ; Tongji Hospital ; Tongji Medical College ; Huazhong University of Science and Technology ; Wuhan , China
| | - Xue Ding
- g Department of Cardiology ; the First Affiliated Hospital ; Harbin Medical University ; Harbin , China
| | - Yunmei Luo
- b Longju Medical Research Center ; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education ; Zunyi Medical University ; Zunyi , China
| | - Fengqin Lin
- b Longju Medical Research Center ; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education ; Zunyi Medical University ; Zunyi , China
| | - Qin Wu
- h Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education ; Zunyi Medical University ; Zunyi , China
| | - Guiyou Liang
- i Department of Cardiovascular Surgery ; Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University ; Zunyi , China
| | - Tian Yu
- j Department of Anesthesia ; Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University ; Zunyi , China
| | - Qigong Liu
- f Department of Cardiology ; Tongji Hospital ; Tongji Medical College ; Huazhong University of Science and Technology ; Wuhan , China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- b Longju Medical Research Center ; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education ; Zunyi Medical University ; Zunyi , China.,k Department of Surgery ; Robert-Wood-Johnson Medical School University Hospital ; Rutgers University ; State University of New Jersey ; New Brunswick , NJ USA
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27
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Ambrosio S, Majello B. Targeting Histone Demethylase LSD1/KDM1a in Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Exp Neurosci 2018; 12:1179069518765743. [PMID: 29581704 PMCID: PMC5863861 DOI: 10.1177/1179069518765743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The autophagy-lysosome pathway sustains cellular homeostasis and is a protective mechanism against neurodegenerative diseases. Recent findings highlight the role of the histone demethylases LSD1/LDM1A as a pivotal regulator of autophagy process, by controlling the mTORC1 cascade, in neuroblastoma cells. LSD1 binds to the promoter region of the SESN2 gene, where LSD1-mediated demethylation leads to the accumulation of repressive histone marks that maintain SESN2 expression at low levels. LSD1 depletion results in enhanced SESN2 expression and consequently mTORC1 inhibition, thereby triggering the induction of autophagy. Our study provides important insight into neuroepigenetic mechanisms regulating the autophagic process, offering additional opportunities for the development of novel therapeutic strategies in diseases associated with dysfunctional autophagy-lysosomal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Ambrosio
- Department of Biology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Majello
- Department of Biology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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28
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Baranes-Bachar K, Levy-Barda A, Oehler J, Reid DA, Soria-Bretones I, Voss TC, Chung D, Park Y, Liu C, Yoon JB, Li W, Dellaire G, Misteli T, Huertas P, Rothenberg E, Ramadan K, Ziv Y, Shiloh Y. The Ubiquitin E3/E4 Ligase UBE4A Adjusts Protein Ubiquitylation and Accumulation at Sites of DNA Damage, Facilitating Double-Strand Break Repair. Mol Cell 2018; 69:866-878.e7. [PMID: 29499138 PMCID: PMC6265044 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Double-strand breaks (DSBs) are critical DNA lesions that robustly activate the elaborate DNA damage response (DDR) network. We identified a critical player in DDR fine-tuning: the E3/E4 ubiquitin ligase UBE4A. UBE4A's recruitment to sites of DNA damage is dependent on primary E3 ligases in the DDR and promotes enhancement and sustainment of K48- and K63-linked ubiquitin chains at these sites. This step is required for timely recruitment of the RAP80 and BRCA1 proteins and proper organization of RAP80- and BRCA1-associated protein complexes at DSB sites. This pathway is essential for optimal end resection at DSBs, and its abrogation leads to upregulation of the highly mutagenic alternative end-joining repair at the expense of error-free homologous recombination repair. Our data uncover a critical regulatory level in the DSB response and underscore the importance of fine-tuning the complex DDR network for accurate and balanced execution of DSB repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Baranes-Bachar
- The David and Inez Myers Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adva Levy-Barda
- The David and Inez Myers Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Judith Oehler
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dylan A Reid
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Isabel Soria-Bretones
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER) and Department of Genetics, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ty C Voss
- National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dudley Chung
- Departments of Pathology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Yoon Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Protein Network Research Center, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-Dong, Seodaemoon-Gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jong-Bok Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Protein Network Research Center, Yonsei University, 134 Shinchon-Dong, Seodaemoon-Gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Graham Dellaire
- Departments of Pathology and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Tom Misteli
- National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pablo Huertas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER) and Department of Genetics, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eli Rothenberg
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristijan Ramadan
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yael Ziv
- The David and Inez Myers Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yosef Shiloh
- The David and Inez Myers Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Chao A, Lin CY, Chao AN, Tsai CL, Chen MY, Lee LY, Chang TC, Wang TH, Lai CH, Wang HS. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) destabilizes p62 and inhibits autophagy in gynecologic malignancies. Oncotarget 2017; 8:74434-74450. [PMID: 29088798 PMCID: PMC5650353 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) – also known as KDM1A – is the first identified histone demethylase. LSD1 is highly expressed in numerous human malignancies and has recently emerged as a target for anticancer drugs. Owing to the presence of several functional domains, we speculated that LSD1 could have additional functions other than histone demethylation. P62 – also termed sequestasome 1 (SQSTM1) – plays a key role in malignant transformation, apoptosis, and autophagy. Here, we show that a high LSD1 expression promotes tumorigenesis in gynecologic malignancies. Notably, LSD1 inhibition with either siRNA or pharmacological agents activates autophagy. Mechanistically, LSD1 decreases p62 protein stability in a demethylation-independent manner. Inhibition of LSD1 reduces both tumor growth and p62 protein degradation in vivo. The combination of LSD1 inhibition and p62 knockdown exerts additive anticancer effects. We conclude that LSD1 destabilizes p62 and inhibits autophagy in gynecologic cancers. LSD1 inhibition reduces malignant cell growth and activates autophagy. The combinations of LSD1 inhibition and autophagy blockade display additive inhibitory effect on cancer cell viability. A better understanding of the role played by p62 will shed more light on the anticancer effects of LSD1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Chao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Gynecologic Cancer Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Yun Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Gynecologic Cancer Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - An-Ning Chao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lung Tsai
- Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chang Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Gynecologic Cancer Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Gynecologic Cancer Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chyong-Huey Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Gynecologic Cancer Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Shih Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Lysine-specific demethylase LSD1 regulates autophagy in neuroblastoma through SESN2-dependent pathway. Oncogene 2017; 36:6701-6711. [PMID: 28783174 PMCID: PMC5717079 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a physiological process, important for recycling of macromolecules and maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Defective autophagy is associated with tumorigenesis and has a causative role in chemotherapy resistance in leukemia and in solid cancers. Here, we report that autophagy is regulated by the lysine-specific demethylase LSD1/KDM1A, an epigenetic marker whose overexpression is a feature of malignant neoplasia with an instrumental role in cancer development. In the present study, we determine that two different LSD1 inhibitors (TCP and SP2509) as well as selective ablation of LSD1 expression promote autophagy in neuroblastoma cells. At a mechanistic level, we show that LSD1 binds to the promoter region of Sestrin2 (SESN2), a critical regulator of mTORC1 activity. Pharmacological inhibition of LSD1 triggers SESN2 expression that hampers mTORC1 activity, leading to enhanced autophagy. SESN2 overexpression suffices to promote autophagy in neuroblastoma cells, while loss of SESN2 expression reduces autophagy induced by LSD1 inhibition. Our findings elucidate a mechanism whereby LSD1 controls autophagy in neuroblastoma cells through SESN2 transcription regulation, and we suggest that pharmacological targeting of LSD1 may have effective therapeutic relevance in the control of autophagy in neuroblastoma.
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MicroRNA-1301 suppresses tumor cell migration and invasion by targeting the p53/UBE4B pathway in multiple human cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2017; 401:20-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Cornils A, Maurya AK, Tereshko L, Kennedy J, Brear AG, Prahlad V, Blacque OE, Sengupta P. Structural and Functional Recovery of Sensory Cilia in C. elegans IFT Mutants upon Aging. PLoS Genet 2016; 12:e1006325. [PMID: 27906968 PMCID: PMC5131903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of cilia are formed and maintained by the highly conserved process of intraflagellar transport (IFT). Mutations in IFT genes lead to ciliary structural defects and systemic disorders termed ciliopathies. Here we show that the severely truncated sensory cilia of hypomorphic IFT mutants in C. elegans transiently elongate during a discrete period of adult aging leading to markedly improved sensory behaviors. Age-dependent restoration of cilia morphology occurs in structurally diverse cilia types and requires IFT. We demonstrate that while DAF-16/FOXO is dispensable, the age-dependent suppression of cilia phenotypes in IFT mutants requires cell-autonomous functions of the HSF1 heat shock factor and the Hsp90 chaperone. Our results describe an unexpected role of early aging and protein quality control mechanisms in suppressing ciliary phenotypes of IFT mutants, and suggest possible strategies for targeting subsets of ciliopathies. Cilia are ‘antenna-like’ structures that are present on nearly all cell types in animals. These structures are important for sensing and signaling external cues to the cell. Most cilia are formed by a protein transport process called ‘intraflagellar transport’ or IFT. Mutations in IFT genes result in severe cilia defects, and are causal to a large number of diverse human disorders called ciliopathies. Since the genes and processes by which cilia are formed are similar across species, studies in experimental models such as the nematode C. elegans can greatly inform our overall understanding of cilia formation and function. Here we report the surprising observation that the structures and functions of severely defective cilia in nematodes with disrupted IFT genes markedly improve upon aging. We find that protein quality control mechanisms that normally decline in aging are required for this age-dependent recovery of cilia structure. Our results raise the possibility that the effects of some mutations in IFT genes can be bypassed under specific conditions, thereby restoring cilia functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Cornils
- Department of Biology and National Center for Behavioral Genomics, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - Ashish K. Maurya
- Department of Biology and National Center for Behavioral Genomics, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - Lauren Tereshko
- Department of Biology and National Center for Behavioral Genomics, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - Julie Kennedy
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrea G. Brear
- Department of Biology and National Center for Behavioral Genomics, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - Veena Prahlad
- Department of Biology, Aging Mind and Brain Initiative, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Oliver E. Blacque
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Piali Sengupta
- Department of Biology and National Center for Behavioral Genomics, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts
- * E-mail:
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UBE4B targets phosphorylated p53 at serines 15 and 392 for degradation. Oncotarget 2016; 7:2823-36. [PMID: 26673821 PMCID: PMC4823074 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of p53 is a key mechanism responsible for the activation of its tumor suppressor functions in response to various stresses. In unstressed cells, p53 is rapidly turned over and is maintained at a low basal level. After DNA damage or other forms of cellular stress, the p53 level increases, and the protein becomes metabolically stable. However, the mechanism of phosphorylated p53 regulation is unclear. In this study, we studied the kinetics of UBE4B, Hdm2, Pirh2, Cop1 and CHIP induction in response to p53 activation. We show that UBE4B coimmunoprecipitates with phosphorylated p53 at serines 15 and 392. Notably, the affinity between UBE4B and Hdm2 is greatly decreased after DNA damage. Furthermore, we observe that UBE4B promotes endogenous phospho-p53(S15) and phospho-p53(S392) degradation in response to IR. We demonstrate that UBE4B and Hdm2 repress p53S15A, p53S392A, and p53-2A(S15A, S392A) functions, including p53-dependent transactivation and growth inhibition. Overall, our results reveal that UBE4B plays an important role in regulating phosphorylated p53 following DNA damage.
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Yi L, Cui Y, Xu Q, Jiang Y. Stabilization of LSD1 by deubiquitinating enzyme USP7 promotes glioblastoma cell tumorigenesis and metastasis through suppression of the p53 signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:2935-2945. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Loss of RAD-23 Protects Against Models of Motor Neuron Disease by Enhancing Mutant Protein Clearance. J Neurosci 2016; 35:14286-306. [PMID: 26490867 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0642-15.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Misfolded proteins accumulate and aggregate in neurodegenerative disease. The existence of these deposits reflects a derangement in the protein homeostasis machinery. Using a candidate gene screen, we report that loss of RAD-23 protects against the toxicity of proteins known to aggregate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Loss of RAD-23 suppresses the locomotor deficit of Caenorhabditis elegans engineered to express mutTDP-43 or mutSOD1 and also protects against aging and proteotoxic insults. Knockdown of RAD-23 is further neuroprotective against the toxicity of SOD1 and TDP-43 expression in mammalian neurons. Biochemical investigation indicates that RAD-23 modifies mutTDP-43 and mutSOD1 abundance, solubility, and turnover in association with altering the ubiquitination status of these substrates. In human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis spinal cord, we find that RAD-23 abundance is increased and RAD-23 is mislocalized within motor neurons. We propose a novel pathophysiological function for RAD-23 in the stabilization of mutated proteins that cause neurodegeneration. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In this work, we identify RAD-23, a component of the protein homeostasis network and nucleotide excision repair pathway, as a modifier of the toxicity of two disease-causing, misfolding-prone proteins, SOD1 and TDP-43. Reducing the abundance of RAD-23 accelerates the degradation of mutant SOD1 and TDP-43 and reduces the cellular content of the toxic species. The existence of endogenous proteins that act as "anti-chaperones" uncovers new and general targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Chevet E, Hetz C, Samali A. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-activated cell reprogramming in oncogenesis. Cancer Discov 2015; 5:586-97. [PMID: 25977222 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-14-1490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Stress induced by the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is observed in many human diseases, including cancers. Cellular adaptation to ER stress is mediated by the unfolded protein response (UPR), which aims at restoring ER homeostasis. The UPR has emerged as a major pathway in remodeling cancer gene expression, thereby either preventing cell transformation or providing an advantage to transformed cells. UPR sensors are highly regulated by the formation of dynamic protein scaffolds, leading to integrated reprogramming of the cells. Herein, we describe the regulatory mechanisms underlying UPR signaling upon cell intrinsic or extrinsic challenges, and how they engage cell transformation programs and/or provide advantages to cancer cells, leading to enhanced aggressiveness or chemoresistance. We discuss the emerging cross-talk between the UPR and related metabolic processes to ensure maintenance of protein homeostasis and its impact on cell transformation and tumor growth. SIGNIFICANCE ER stress signaling is dysregulated in many forms of cancer and contributes to tumor growth as a survival factor, in addition to modulating other disease-associated processes, including cell migration, cell transformation, and angiogenesis. Evidence for targeting the ER stress signaling pathway as an anticancer strategy is compelling, and novel agents that selectively inhibit the UPR have demonstrated preliminary evidence of preclinical efficacy with an acceptable safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Chevet
- Oncogenesis, Stress, Cancer, University of Rennes, Rennes, France. Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France.
| | - Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Studies of the Cell, Santiago, Chile. Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Afshin Samali
- Apoptosis Research Centre, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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