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Pengpid S, Peltzer K, Rodríguez MJ. Adolescent health-risk behaviours in Uruguay: Patterns from national cross-sectional school surveys conducted in 2006, 2012 and 2019. Trop Med Int Health 2024. [PMID: 39003628 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.14032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no trend studies on various health risk behaviours among adolescents in Uruguay. Therefore, this study looked at trends in a number of health-risky behaviours among adolescents in Uruguay from three separate surveys. METHODS Data from 9272 adolescents (age range: 11-16 years), who took part in three cross-sectional national in-school surveys in Uruguay in 2006, 2012 and 2019 were analysed. A self-administered survey was used to evaluate 24 health risk behaviours. By using logistic regression analyses to treat the study year as a categorical variable and adjusting food insecurity and age, linear trends were examined. RESULTS We found a significant increase in the prevalence of being overweight, having obesity, inadequate fruit intake, sedentary behaviour in leisure-time, physical inactivity, bullying victimisation, loneliness, suicidal ideation, and sexual activity. We found a significant decrease in current cigarette use, physical fighting and current alcohol use. Among males, a significant increase of non-condom use, and a decrease in current other tobacco use (other than cigarettes), being physically attacked and the number of sexual partners. Among females, we found an increase in food insecurity, trouble from alcohol use, multiple sexual partners, and sleep problems. CONCLUSION Overall, from 2006 to 2019, there was a decrease in seven health risk behaviours among boys and/or girls. Among boys, there was an increase in 10 health risk behaviours and among girls, 15 health risk behaviours increased, highlighting adolescent girls' greater vulnerability, thereby perpetuating further gendered health inequalities. In Uruguay, school health programmes for adolescents are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Castellanos LD, Anselmetti P, Acosta A, Tomey D, Araujo-Contreras R, Puche E, Elzein S, Graham Y, Mahawar K, Marshall S, Abou-Mrad A, Oviedo RJ. The role of metabolic and bariatric surgery on the obesity pandemic in Latin America: A review of current practices and future directions. Obes Rev 2024:e13793. [PMID: 38885965 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Latin America faces a significant public health challenge due to the high prevalence of obesity and its associated diseases. Metabolic and bariatric surgery is effective and safe to treat obesity when other treatments fail; however, its implementation in Latin America remains unsatisfactory. This review explores the current status, challenges, and innovations of metabolic and bariatric surgery in Latin America. We searched peer-reviewed journals in English and Spanish for relevant articles published between 1998 and 2023. We found that more than 20% of the Latin American population is affected by obesity. Unfortunately, only a limited number of patients have access to metabolic and bariatric surgery due to high cost, limited availability, and shortage of specialists. The review found that ongoing clinical trials are being conducted in Brazil, Mexico, Chile, and Venezuela, indicating some regional progress. However, published studies remain low in number compared with other regions. Furthermore, we summarized the clinical outcomes, risks, and perioperative assessments associated with metabolic and bariatric surgery. We discussed potential strategies to enhance the availability and affordability of this intervention. This review emphasizes the significance of metabolic and bariatric surgery in addressing the obesity pandemic, specifically for Latin America, and proposes directions for future research and innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Arnaldo Acosta
- School of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Daniel Tomey
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Emiro Puche
- School of Medicine, Universidad Francisco de Miranda, Coro, Venezuela
| | - Steven Elzein
- Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yitka Graham
- Helen McArdle Nursing and Care Research Institute, Sunderland, UK
| | - Kamal Mahawar
- Department of Surgery, University of Sunderland, Sunderland, UK
| | - Skye Marshall
- Research Institute for Future Health, Gold Coast, Queensland Australia; Bond University Nutrition and Dietetics Research Group, Bond University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; and Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Adel Abou-Mrad
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Orléans, Loire, France
| | - Rodolfo J Oviedo
- Nacogdoches Center for Metabolic & Weight Loss Surgery, Nacogdoches, Texas, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Houston Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Surgery, Sam Houston State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Conroe, Texas, USA
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Núñez D, Gaete J, Guajardo V, Libuy N, Araneda AM, Contreras L, Donoso P, Ibañez C, Mundt AP. Brief Report: The Association of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Suicide-Related Behaviors Among 10th-Grade Secondary School Students. Arch Suicide Res 2024; 28:399-410. [PMID: 36330838 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2022.2134067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The association between adverse childhood experiences and suicide-related behaviors (SRB) of adolescents has been widely studied in Western high-income countries, but not yet in Latin America. The aim of this study was to determine this association and to explore a dose-response relationship between adverse childhood experiences and SRB in Chile. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to assess adverse childhood experiences up to 1 year prior to the survey and SRB (suicide ideation and attempts) in a sample of secondary school students. Multilevel and multivariable logistic regressions were run with SRB as dependent and adverse childhood experiences as independent variables, adjusted by self-esteem, general mental health, friend and parental support, and the age at onset of cannabis and alcohol use. We included 7,458 adolescents (48.7% girls), mean age = 16.0 (SD = 0.7), and found a prevalence of 78.1% for at least one adverse childhood experience. The 6-month prevalence of suicidal ideation was 18.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 17.2%-19.0%), and the prevalence of suicide attempts was 5.0% (95% CI: 4.6-5.6). Among all adverse childhood experiences, only sexual abuse was a risk factor for both SRB. We also found an independent effect of the total number of adverse childhood experiences on suicidal ideation (p < .001) and on suicide attempts (p < .001). Additionally, ages at onset of alcohol and cannabis use were associated with suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts, respectively. This is the first study exploring the influence of adverse childhood experiences on suicide-related behaviors in adolescents from Latin America.HIGHLIGHTSSexual abuse is associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in 10th-grade secondary school studentsThere is a dose-response effect between adverse childhood experiences and suicide-related behaviorAges at onset of alcohol and cannabis use were associated with suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts, respectively.
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Peprah P, Oduro MS, Okwei R, Adu C, Asiamah-Asare BY, Agyemang-Duah W. Cyberbullying victimization and suicidal ideation among in-school adolescents in three countries: implications for prevention and intervention. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:944. [PMID: 38098109 PMCID: PMC10720188 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05268-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Countries in South and Central America and the Caribbean are among the countries with the highest adolescent cyberbullying crimes. However, empirical evidence about the effect of cyberbullying victimization on suicidal ideation among in-school adolescents in these countries remains limited. The present study examined the association between cyberbullying victimization and suicidal ideation among in-school adolescents in Argentina, Panama, St Vincent, and the Grenadines. METHODS A representative cross-sectional data from 51,405 in-school adolescents was used. Hierarchical logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between cyberbulling victimization and suicidal ideation. RESULTS Overall, 20% and 21.1% of the adolescents reported cyberbullying victimization and suicidal ideation, respectively in the past year before the survey. Suicidal ideation was higher among adolescents who experienced cyberbullying victimization (38.4%) than those who did not experience cyberbullying victimization (16.6%). Significantly higher odds of suicidal ideation were found among adolescents who had experienced cyberbullying victimization than those who had not experienced cyberbullying victimization [aOR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.77-1.98]. CONCLUSION This finding calls for developing and implementing evidence-based programs and practices by school authorities and other relevant stakeholders to reduce cyberbullying victimization among adolescents in this digital age. Protective factors such as parental support and peer support should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Peprah
- Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Safo Oduro
- Department of Applied Statistics and Research Methods, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, USA
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Pharm Sci and PGS Statistics, Groton, CT, USA
| | - Reforce Okwei
- Department of Geography and Environment, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, N6A 3K7, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Collins Adu
- Department of Health Promotion, Education and Disability Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
- Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Bernard Yeboah Asiamah-Asare
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA, Australia
- Health Psychology, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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Lowe SA, Hunter S, Patte KA, Leatherdale ST, Pabayo R. Exploring the longitudinal associations between census division income inequality and BMI trajectories among Canadian adolescent: Is gender an effect modifier? SSM Popul Health 2023; 24:101519. [PMID: 37808229 PMCID: PMC10550757 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Income inequality is a structural determinant of health linked to increased risk of overweight and obesity, although its links to the health of adolescent populations are not well understood. This study investigated the longitudinal associations between census-division-level (CD) income inequality and BMI trajectories among Canadian adolescents, and determine if these associations vary by gender. Methods Study data are from the Cannabis use, Obesity, Mental health, Physical Activity, Alcohol use, Smoking, and Sedentary behaviour (COMPASS) cohort of adolescents attending secondary schools in Canada. Our sample included 14,675 adolescents who were followed up across three waves of the COMPASS study (2016-2017, 2017-2018, and 2018-2019) and linked to 30 CDs. Measures of income inequality and other area-level covariates were derived and linked to COMPASS participants using data from the 2016 Canadian Census. We utilized multilevel mixed-effects linear regression modelling to quantify the associations between income inequality and BMI and test for effect modification by gender. Sensitivity analyses were run excluding those with BMI scores in the range considered overweight or obesity at baseline. Results Higher CD income inequality was significantly associated with higher z-transformed BMI scores (β = 0.11, 95% CI = 0.034 to 0.19). The interaction term between income inequality and time was not statistically significant, indicating that this association remained constant over time. Once stratified by gender, the association between inequality and BMI became stronger for males (β = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.060 to 0.022) and attenuated for females (β = 0.063, 95% CI = -0.047 to 0.17). Conclusion Attending schools in CDs with higher income inequality was associated with higher BMI scores among male but not female adolescents. Further work is needed to investigate this discrepancy and identify the structural mechanisms that mediate the relationship between inequality and adolescent health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A.J. Lowe
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Stephen Hunter
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Karen A. Patte
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | | | - Roman Pabayo
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Song Y, Liu J, Zhao Y, Gong L, Chen Q, Jiang X, Zhang J, Hao Y, Zhou H, Lou X, Wang X. Unhealthy lifestyles and clusters status among 3637 adolescents aged 11-23 years: a school-based cross-sectional study in China. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1279. [PMID: 37400802 PMCID: PMC10318770 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unhealthy lifestyles are risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and tend to be clustered, with a trajectory that extends from adolescence to adulthood. This study investigated the association of diets, tobacco, alcohol, physical activity (PA), screen time (ST) and sleep duration (SD) in a total of six lifestyles, separately and as cumulative lifestyle scores, with sociodemographic characteristics among school-aged adolescents in the Chinese city of Zhengzhou. METHODS In the aggregate, 3,637 adolescents aged 11-23 years were included in the study. The questionnaire collected data on socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyles. Healthy and unhealthy lifestyles were identified and scored, depending on the individual score (0 and 1 for healthy and unhealthy lifestyles respectively), with a total score between 0 and 6. Based on the sum of the dichotomous scores, the number of unhealthy lifestyles was calculated and divided into three clusters (0-1, 2-3, 4-6). Chi-square test was used to analyze the group difference of lifestyles and demographic characteristics, and multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the associations between demographic characteristics and the clustering status of unhealthy lifestyles. RESULTS Among all participants, the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles was: 86.4% for diet, 14.5% for alcohol, 6.0% for tobacco, 72.2% for PA, 42.3% for ST and 63.9% for SD. Students who were in university, female, lived in country (OR = 1.725, 95% CI: 1.241-2.398), had low number of close friends (1-2: OR = 2.110, 95% CI: 1.428-3.117; 3-5: OR = 1.601, 95% CI: 1.168-2.195), and had moderate family income (OR = 1.771, 95% CI: 1.208-2.596) were more likely to develop unhealthy lifestyles. In total, unhealthy lifestyles remain highly prevalent among Chinese adolescents. CONCLUSION In the future, the establishment of an effective public health policy may improve the lifestyle profile of adolescents. Based on the lifestyle characteristics of different populations reported in our findings, lifestyle optimization can be more efficiently integrated into the daily lives of adolescents. Moreover, it is essential to conduct well-designed prospective studies on adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Song
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingru Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yize Zhao
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Gong
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuyuan Chen
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xili Jiang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangtao Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudan Hao
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Zhou
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Lou
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, No.100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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Mujica OJ, Zhang D, Hu Y, Espinosa IC, Araneda N, Dragomir A, Luta G, Sanhueza A. Inequalities in Violent Death across Income Levels among Young Males and Females in Countries of the Americas. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5256. [PMID: 37047871 PMCID: PMC10094469 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Violent deaths (i.e., those due to road traffic injury, homicide, and suicide) are among the most important causes of premature and preventable mortality in young people. This study aimed at exploring inequalities in violent death across income levels between males and females aged 10 to 24 years from the Americas in 2015, the SDG baseline year. METHODS In a cross-sectional ecological study design, eleven standard summary measures of health inequality were calculated separately for males and females and for each cause of violent death, using age-adjusted mortality rates and average income per capita for 17 countries, which accounted for 87.9% of the target population. RESULTS Premature mortality due to road traffic injury and homicide showed a pro-poor inequality pattern, whereas premature mortality due to suicide showed a pro-rich inequality pattern. These inequalities were statistically significant (p < 0.001), particularly concentrated among young males, and dominated by homicide. The ample array of summary measures of health inequality tended to generate convergent results. CONCLUSIONS Significant inequalities in violent death among young people seems to be in place across countries of the Americas, and they seem to be socially determined by both income and gender. These findings shed light on the epidemiology of violent death in young people and can inform priorities for regional public health action. However, further investigation is needed to confirm inequality patterns and to explore underlying mechanisms, age- and sex-specific vulnerabilities, and gender-based drivers of such inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dihui Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Isabel C. Espinosa
- T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nelson Araneda
- Department of Education, University of La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Anca Dragomir
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - George Luta
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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Yu Z, He F, Cai G, Wang M, Fu J. Relationships between Weight Perceptions and Suicidal Behaviors in Chinese Adolescents: Results from an Ongoing School-Based Survey in Zhejiang Province. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 13:bs13010008. [PMID: 36661580 PMCID: PMC9854802 DOI: 10.3390/bs13010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight perception has been implicated in suicidal behaviors among children and adolescents, yet little is known about the relationships in China. We examined the associations of self-perceived weight status and weight misperception with suicidal behaviors among Chinese adolescents. METHODS Data used in this analysis were from the 2017 Zhejiang Youth Risk Behavior Survey, which included 17,359 middle and high school students aged 9 to 18 years. Information on perceived weight status, as well as the actual height, weight and other related traits, was extracted by a self-reported questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for suicidal behaviors associated with perceived weight status and weight misperception. RESULTS Overall, the mean (SD) age was 15.7 (1.6) years among the study participants. Students who perceived themselves as overweight were more likely to have increased suicidal ideation and attempts reports, with ORs of 1.22 (95% CI: 1.09-1.37) and 1.32 (1.06-1.34), compared to those who perceive themselves as having about the right weight. Overestimated weight was significantly associated with greater odds of suicidal ideation (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.03-1.27) and attempts (1.35, 1.10-1.65) relative to accurate weight perception. CONCLUSIONS Controlling for potential confounders, we found that both self-perception of overweight and overestimated perception were significantly associated with suicidal ideation and attempts among Chinese adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310051, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310051, China
- National Children’s Regional Medical Center, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Fan He
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Gaofeng Cai
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310051, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 3399 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310051, China
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (J.F.); Tel.: +86-0571-87115104 (M.W.); +86-0571-88873013 (J.F.)
| | - Junfen Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310051, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310051, China
- National Children’s Regional Medical Center, 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310051, China
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (J.F.); Tel.: +86-0571-87115104 (M.W.); +86-0571-88873013 (J.F.)
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Gómez-Restrepo C, Casasbuenas NG, Ortiz-Hernández N, Bird VJ, Acosta MPJ, Restrepo JMU, Sarmiento BAM, Steffen M, Priebe S. Role of the arts in the life and mental health of young people that participate in artistic organizations in Colombia: a qualitative study. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:757. [PMID: 36463167 PMCID: PMC9719131 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04396-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents and young adults are vulnerable to developing mental distress. However, evidence suggests that more than half of the young people with symptoms of depression and anxiety overcome their distress within a year. However, there is little research on the exact resources that young people use and help them to recover. The aim of this study was to explore how arts activities can support the recovery of young people engaged with arts organizations in Bogota. METHODS We recruited 38 participants from two arts organizations in Bogotá and conducted six focus groups embedded within artistic workshops. The type of activities in the workshops varied reflecting the different teaching methods of the two organizations. The focus group discussions were recorded and analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Five themes explained how arts activities can help young people participating in artistic organizations to overcome mental distress: i) allowing the expression of emotions; ii) helping to manage and transform emotions; iii) distracting from problems; iv) facilitating social support and relationships; and v) contributing to the identity of young people. CONCLUSIONS For young people who participate in artistic organizations, the arts are a resource for overcoming negative emotions such as anxiety, depression, and sadness. The beneficial role of arts activities includes different process of managing, expressing, and distracting from distress, and it differs depending on whether arts are perceived as a professional vocation or a hobby.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gómez-Restrepo
- grid.41312.350000 0001 1033 6040Departament of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia ,grid.41312.350000 0001 1033 6040Departament of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia ,San Ignacio University Hospital, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Natalia Godoy Casasbuenas
- Departament of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Natalia Ortiz-Hernández
- grid.41312.350000 0001 1033 6040Departament of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Victoria Jane Bird
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - María Paula Jassir Acosta
- grid.41312.350000 0001 1033 6040Departament of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - José Miguel Uribe Restrepo
- grid.41312.350000 0001 1033 6040Departament of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Bryan Alexander Murillo Sarmiento
- grid.41312.350000 0001 1033 6040Departament of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Mariana Steffen
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133People’s Palace Projects, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Stefan Priebe
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, WHO Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Shaw C, Stuart J, Thomas T, Kõlves K. Suicidal behaviour and ideation in Guyana: A systematic literature review. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2022; 11:100253. [PMID: 36778929 PMCID: PMC9903603 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background The suicide rate in Guyana has consistently ranked as one of the highest in the world. This systematic review synthesises and critically analyses the existing literature on suicidal behaviours and ideation in Guyana. Methods Systematic review with narrative synthesis was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, PsychInfo, CINAHL and SCOPUS databases were searched until 31st March 2021. Articles which included the analysis of suicidal behaviour or suicidal ideation using data collected in Guyana were eligible for inclusion. Articles relating to the Jonestown mass murder-suicide event were excluded. This review was pre-registered with PROSPERO [CRD42021247669]. Findings The search resulted in 318 articles, of which 24 met eligibility for inclusion. The majority were quantitative (n=18), relating to suicide mortality (n=9), and suicide attempt and suicidal ideation (n=9). Additionally, qualitative (n=5) and mixed-method (n=1) papers investigated the experiences of those bereaved by suicide, gatekeepers of suicidality, and adolescent students. Eleven studies were multinational, whilst 13 focused on Guyana. The quality of the publications varied. Interpretation Despite high annual suicide rates in Guyana, published research is very limited. This review found preliminary evidence for key risk groups; males, female youth, and Indo-Guyanese ethnicity. Pesticide poisoning was identified as the most common method for suicide in Guyana. There is a need for local research investigating the context and narrative of suicide to inform culturally tailored prevention strategies. This study was limited to a narrative synthesis and may be impacted by publication bias. Funding This research was supported by an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship through Griffith University Australia. Registration Pre-registered in PROSPERO [CRD42021247669].
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Shaw
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Level 1, Building M24 Psychology, 176 Messines Ridge Road, Mt Gravatt Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4122, Australia,Corresponding author.
| | - Jaimee Stuart
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Troy Thomas
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Guyana, Guyana
| | - Kairi Kõlves
- Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Level 1, Building M24 Psychology, 176 Messines Ridge Road, Mt Gravatt Campus, Brisbane, QLD 4122, Australia
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Surkalim DL, Luo M, Eres R, Gebel K, van Buskirk J, Bauman A, Ding D. The prevalence of loneliness across 113 countries: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2022; 376:e067068. [PMID: 35140066 PMCID: PMC8826180 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2021-067068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify data availability, gaps, and patterns for population level prevalence of loneliness globally, to summarise prevalence estimates within World Health Organization regions when feasible through meta-analysis, and to examine temporal trends of loneliness in countries where data exist. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, and Scopus for peer reviewed literature, and Google Scholar and Open Grey for grey literature, supplemented by backward reference searching (to 1 September 2021) ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES: Observational studies based on nationally representative samples (n≥292), validated instruments, and prevalence data for 2000-19. Two researchers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. Random effects meta-analysis was conducted in the subset of studies with relatively homogeneous research methods by measurement instrument, age group, and WHO region. RESULTS Prevalence data were available for 113 countries or territories, according to official WHO nomenclature for regions, from 57 studies. Data were available for adolescents (12-17 years) in 77 countries or territories, young adults (18-29 years) in 30 countries, middle aged adults (30-59 years) in 32 countries, and older adults (≥60 years) in 40 countries. Data for all age groups except adolescents were lacking outside of Europe. Overall, 212 estimates for 106 countries from 24 studies were included in meta-analyses. The pooled prevalence of loneliness for adolescents ranged from 9.2% (95% confidence interval 6.8% to 12.4%) in South-East Asia to 14.4% (12.2% to 17.1%) in the Eastern Mediterranean region. For adults, meta-analysis was conducted for the European region only, and a consistent geographical pattern was shown for all adult age groups. The lowest prevalence of loneliness was consistently observed in northern European countries (2.9%, 1.8% to 4.5% for young adults; 2.7%, 2.4% to 3.0% for middle aged adults; and 5.2%, 4.2% to 6.5% for older adults) and the highest in eastern European countries (7.5%, 5.9% to 9.4% for young adults; 9.6%, 7.7% to 12.0% for middle aged adults; and 21.3%, 18.7% to 24.2% for older adults). CONCLUSION Problematic levels of loneliness are experienced by a substantial proportion of the population in many countries. The substantial difference in data coverage between high income countries (particularly Europe) and low and middle income countries raised an important equity issue. Evidence on the temporal trends of loneliness is insufficient. The findings of this meta-analysis are limited by data scarcity and methodological heterogeneity. Loneliness should be incorporated into general health surveillance with broader geographical and age coverage, using standardised and validated measurement tools. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42019131448.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L Surkalim
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre (D17), The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Mengyun Luo
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre (D17), The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Robert Eres
- Neurodisability and Rehabilitation, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Klaus Gebel
- Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Joseph van Buskirk
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Adrian Bauman
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre (D17), The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Ding Ding
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre (D17), The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
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Peltzer K, Pengpid S. Health risk behaviours among adolescents in Argentina: trends between 2007, 2012 and 2018 national cross-sectional school surveys. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:464. [PMID: 34670497 PMCID: PMC8529741 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02929-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to assess trends of various health risk behaviours among adolescents across three different surveys in Argentina. Methods Data from 115,697 adolescents (mean age:14.6 years, SD=1.2) that participated in three cross-sectional national school surveys in 2007, 2012 and 2018 were analysed. In all, 27 health risk behaviours were assessed through a self-administered questionnaire. Significance of a linear trend was tested by treating study year as categorical variable in logistic regression analyses, adjusted by age group and food insecurity for boys and girls separately Results Among both sexes, four health risk behaviours (current cigarette use, passive smoking, trouble from alcohol use, and physically attacked) significantly reduced from 2007 to 2018. Among boys five health risk behaviours (experience of hunger, parental tobacco use, current alcohol use, involvement in physical fighting, and multiple sexual partners), and among girls, inadequate physical activity significantly reduced over time. Among both sexes, the prevalence of four health risk behaviours (overweight/obesity, obesity, leisure-time sedentary behaviour and insufficient fruit intake) significantly increased among both sexes, and among girls ten health risk behaviours (not walking/biking to school, current other tobacco use, bullying victimisation, lifetime drunkenness, having no close friends, suicide plan, suicidal ideation, worry-induced sleep disturbance, loneliness, and ever sexual intercourse) significantly increased over time. Conclusion Nine health risk behaviours among boys and five health risk behaviours among girls decreased, and four health risk behaviours among boys and 14 health compromising behaviours among girls increased over a period of 11 years. School health programmes for adolescents should be strengthened in Argentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Peltzer
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
| | - Supa Pengpid
- Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa. .,ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
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