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Freppel W, Silva LA, Stapleford KA, Herrero LJ. Pathogenicity and virulence of chikungunya virus. Virulence 2024; 15:2396484. [PMID: 39193780 PMCID: PMC11370967 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2396484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted, RNA virus that causes an often-severe musculoskeletal illness characterized by fever, joint pain, and a range of debilitating symptoms. The virus has re-emerged as a global health threat in recent decades, spreading from its origin in Africa across Asia and the Americas, leading to widespread outbreaks impacting millions of people. Despite more than 50 years of research into the pathogenesis of CHIKV, there is still no curative treatment available. Current management of CHIKV infections primarily involves providing supportive care to alleviate symptoms and improve the patient's quality of life. Given the ongoing threat of CHIKV, there is an urgent need to better understand its pathogenesis. This understanding is crucial for deciphering the mechanisms underlying the disease and for developing effective strategies for both prevention and management. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of CHIKV and its pathogenesis, shedding light on the complex interactions of viral genetics, host factors, immune responses, and vector-related factors. By exploring these intricate connections, the review seeks to contribute to the knowledge base surrounding CHIKV, offering insights that may ultimately lead to more effective prevention and management strategies for this re-emerging global health threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Freppel
- Institute for Biomedicine and Glycomics, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Laurie A. Silva
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kenneth A. Stapleford
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lara J. Herrero
- Institute for Biomedicine and Glycomics, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
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Mbou-Boutambe C, Mombo IM, Rougeron V, Degrugillier F, Gauthier P, Makanga B, Ngoubangoye B, Leroy EM, Prugnolle F, Boundenga L. Investigation of caliciviruses and astroviruses in Gabonese rodents: A possible influence of national and international trade on the spread of enteric viruses. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024; 122:105607. [PMID: 38806078 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Caliciviruses (Caliciviridae) and astroviruses (Astroviridae) are among the leading cause of non-bacterial foodborne disease and gastroenteritis in human. These non-enveloped RNA viruses infect a wide range of vertebrate species including rodents. Rodents are among the most important hosts of infectious diseases globally and are responsible for over 80 zoonotic pathogens that affect humans. Therefore, screening pathogens in rodents will be is necessary to prevent cross-species transmission to prevent zoonotic outbreaks. In the present study, we screened caliciviruses and astroviruses in order to describe their diversity and whether they harbor strains that can infect humans. RNA was then extracted from intestine samples of 245 rodents and retrotranscribed in cDNA to screen caliciviruses and astroviruses by PCRs. All the samples tested negative for caliciviruses and while astroviruses were detected in 18 (7.3%) samples of Rattus rattus species. Phylogenetic analyses based on the RdRp gene showed that all the sequences belonged to Mamastrovirus genus in which they were genetically related to R. rattus related AstVs previously detected in Gabon or in Rattus spp. AstV from Kenya and Asia. These findings suggested that transportation such as land and railway, as well national and international trade, are likely to facilitate spread of AstVs by the dissemination of rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clark Mbou-Boutambe
- Unité de Recherche en Écologie de la Santé (URES), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville, BP 769, Gabon; Ecole Doctorale Régionale d'Afrique Centrale en Infectiologie Tropicale (EDR), Franceville, BP 876, Gabon.
| | - Illich Manfred Mombo
- Unité Émergence des Maladies Virales, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville, Gabon; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC) (Université de Montpellier-IRD 224-CNRS 5290), Montpellier 34394, France
| | - Virginie Rougeron
- International Research Laboratory-REHABS, CNRS-Université Lyon 1-Nelson Mandela University, Nelson Mandela University George Campus, George 6531, South Africa
| | - Fanny Degrugillier
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC) (Université de Montpellier-IRD 224-CNRS 5290), Montpellier 34394, France
| | - Philippe Gauthier
- CBGP, IRD, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Boris Makanga
- Institut de Recherche en Écologie Tropicale (IRET/CENAREST), Libreville, BP 13354, Gabon
| | - Barthélemy Ngoubangoye
- Centre de Primatologie, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville, BP 769, Gabon
| | - Eric M Leroy
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs, Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC) (Université de Montpellier-IRD 224-CNRS 5290), Montpellier 34394, France
| | - Franck Prugnolle
- International Research Laboratory-REHABS, CNRS-Université Lyon 1-Nelson Mandela University, Nelson Mandela University George Campus, George 6531, South Africa
| | - Larson Boundenga
- Unité de Recherche en Écologie de la Santé (URES), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville, BP 769, Gabon; Département d'Anthropologie, Université de Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
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Ramphal Y, Tegally H, San JE, Reichmuth ML, Hofstra M, Wilkinson E, Baxter C, de Oliveira T, Moir M. Understanding the Transmission Dynamics of the Chikungunya Virus in Africa. Pathogens 2024; 13:605. [PMID: 39057831 PMCID: PMC11279734 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13070605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) poses a significant global public health concern, especially in Africa. Since its first isolation in Tanzania in 1953, CHIKV has caused recurrent outbreaks, challenging healthcare systems in low-resource settings. Recent outbreaks in Africa highlight the dynamic nature of CHIKV transmission and the challenges of underreporting and underdiagnosis. Here, we review the literature and analyse publicly available cases, outbreaks, and genomic data, providing insights into the epidemiology, genetic diversity, and transmission dynamics of CHIKV in Africa. Our analyses reveal the circulation of geographically distinct CHIKV genotypes, with certain regions experiencing a disproportionate burden of disease. Phylogenetic analysis of sporadic outbreaks in West Africa suggests repeated emergence of the virus through enzootic spillover, which is markedly different from inferred transmission dynamics in East Africa, where the virus is often introduced from Asian outbreaks, including the recent reintroduction of the Indian Ocean lineage from the Indian subcontinent to East Africa. Furthermore, there is limited evidence of viral movement between these two regions. Understanding the history and transmission dynamics of outbreaks is crucial for effective public health planning. Despite advances in surveillance and research, diagnostic and surveillance challenges persist. This review and secondary analysis highlight the importance of ongoing surveillance, research, and collaboration to mitigate the burden of CHIKV in Africa and improve public health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajna Ramphal
- Centre for Epidemic Response Innovation (CERI), School for Data Science and Computational Thinking, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa; (Y.R.); (H.T.); (M.H.); (E.W.); (C.B.)
| | - Houriiyah Tegally
- Centre for Epidemic Response Innovation (CERI), School for Data Science and Computational Thinking, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa; (Y.R.); (H.T.); (M.H.); (E.W.); (C.B.)
| | | | | | - Marije Hofstra
- Centre for Epidemic Response Innovation (CERI), School for Data Science and Computational Thinking, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa; (Y.R.); (H.T.); (M.H.); (E.W.); (C.B.)
| | - Eduan Wilkinson
- Centre for Epidemic Response Innovation (CERI), School for Data Science and Computational Thinking, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa; (Y.R.); (H.T.); (M.H.); (E.W.); (C.B.)
| | - Cheryl Baxter
- Centre for Epidemic Response Innovation (CERI), School for Data Science and Computational Thinking, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa; (Y.R.); (H.T.); (M.H.); (E.W.); (C.B.)
| | | | - Tulio de Oliveira
- Centre for Epidemic Response Innovation (CERI), School for Data Science and Computational Thinking, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa; (Y.R.); (H.T.); (M.H.); (E.W.); (C.B.)
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Monika Moir
- Centre for Epidemic Response Innovation (CERI), School for Data Science and Computational Thinking, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa; (Y.R.); (H.T.); (M.H.); (E.W.); (C.B.)
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Bikangui R, Parkouda S, More A, Magossou Mbadinga MV, Boussoukou IPM, Ondo GN, Nkoma AMM, Adamou R, Honkpehedji YJ, Rossatanga EG, Ushijima Y, Abe H, Lell B, Dejon-Agobé JC, Yasuda J, Adegnika AA. Molecular surveillance for dengue serotypes among the population living in Moyen-Ogooué province, Gabon; evidence of the presence of dengue serotype 1. Virol J 2024; 21:141. [PMID: 38902719 PMCID: PMC11191199 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-024-02406-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite dengue virus (DENV) outbreak in Gabon a decade ago, less is known on the potential circulation of DENV serotypes in the country. Previous studies conducted in some areas of the country, are limited to hospital-based surveys which reported the presence of some cases of serotype 2 and 3 seven years ago and more recently the serotype 1. As further investigation, we extend the survey to the community of Moyen Ogooué region with the aim to assess the presence of the dengue virus serotypes, additionally to characterize chikungunya (CHIKV) infection and describe the symptomatology associated with infections. METHOD A cross-sectional survey was conducted from April 2020 to March 2021. The study included participants of both sexes and any age one year and above, with fever or history of fever in the past seven days until blood collection. Eligible volunteers were clinically examined, and blood sample was collected for the detection of DENV and CHIKV using RT-qPCR. Positive samples were selected for the target sequencing. RESULTS A total of 579 volunteers were included. Their mean age (SD) was 20 (20) years with 55% of them being female. Four cases of DENV infection were diagnosed giving a prevalence of 0.7% (95%CI: 0.2-1.8) in our cohort while no case of CHIKV was detected. The common symptoms and signs presented by the DENV cases included fatigue, arthralgia myalgia, cough, and loss of appetite. DENV-1was the only virus detected by RT-qPCR. CONCLUSION Our results confirm the presence of active dengue infection in the region, particularly DENV-1, and could suggest the decline of DENV-2 and DENV-3. Continuous surveillance remains paramount to comprehensively describe the extent of dengue serotypes distribution in the Moyen-Ogooué region of Gabon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigue Bikangui
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon.
- École doctorale régionale d'Afrique centrale en Infectiologie tropicale, Franceville, Gabon.
| | | | - Ayong More
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
| | | | | | | | | | - Rafiou Adamou
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Yabo Josiane Honkpehedji
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
- Fondation pour la Recherche Scientifique (FORS), Cotonou, Benin
| | | | - Yuri Ushijima
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Division of Biomedical Science, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Haruka Abe
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Vietnam Research Station, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Bertrand Lell
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Jiro Yasuda
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- National Research Center for the Control and Prevention of Infectious Diseases (CCPID), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ayola Akim Adegnika
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné, Gabon
- École doctorale régionale d'Afrique centrale en Infectiologie tropicale, Franceville, Gabon
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
- Fondation pour la Recherche Scientifique (FORS), Cotonou, Benin
- Institut für Tropenmedizin, Universität Tübingen, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Tübingen, Germany
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Poungou N, Sevidzem SL, Koumba AA, Koumba CRZ, Mbehang P, Onanga R, Zahouli JZB, Maganga GD, Djogbénou LS, Borrmann S, Adegnika AA, Becker SC, Mavoungou JF, Nguéma RM. Mosquito-Borne Arboviruses Occurrence and Distribution in the Last Three Decades in Central Africa: A Systematic Literature Review. Microorganisms 2023; 12:4. [PMID: 38276174 PMCID: PMC10819313 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Arboviruses represent a real public health problem globally and in the Central African subregion in particular, which represents a high-risk zone for the emergence and re-emergence of arbovirus outbreaks. Furthermore, an updated review on the current arbovirus burden and associated mosquito vectors is lacking for this region. To contribute to filling this knowledge gap, the current study was designed with the following objectives: (i) to systematically review data on the occurrence and distribution of arboviruses and mosquito fauna; and (ii) to identify potential spillover mosquito species in the Central African region in the last 30 years. A web search enabled the documentation of 2454 articles from different online databases. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) and the quality of reporting of meta-analyses (QUORUM) steps for a systematic review enabled the selection of 164 articles that fulfilled our selection criteria. Of the six arboviruses (dengue virus (DENV), chikungunya virus (CHIKV), yellow fever virus (YFV), Zika virus (ZIKV), Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), and West Nile virus (WNV)) of public health concern studied, the most frequently reported were chikungunya and dengue. The entomological records showed >248 species of mosquitoes regrouped under 15 genera, with Anopheles (n = 100 species), Culex (n = 56 species), and Aedes (n = 52 species) having high species diversity. Three genera were rarely represented, with only one species included, namely, Orthopodomyia, Lutzia, and Verrallina, but individuals of the genera Toxorhinchites and Finlayas were not identified at the species level. We found that two Aedes species (Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus) colonised the same microhabitat and were involved in major epidemics of the six medically important arboviruses, and other less-frequently identified mosquito genera consisted of competent species and were associated with outbreaks of medical and zoonotic arboviruses. The present study reveals a high species richness of competent mosquito vectors that could lead to the spillover of medically important arboviruses in the region. Although epidemiological studies were found, they were not regularly documented, and this also applies to vector competence and transmission studies. Future studies will consider unpublished information in dissertations and technical reports from different countries to allow their information to be more consistent. A regional project, entitled "Ecology of Arboviruses" (EcoVir), is underway in three countries (Gabon, Benin, and Cote d'Ivoire) to generate a more comprehensive epidemiological and entomological data on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natacha Poungou
- Ecole Doctorale Regionale en Infectiologie Tropical de Franceville (EDR), University of Science and Technique of Masuku (USTM), Franceville P.O. Box 943, Gabon;
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie des Maladies Transmissibles (LEMAT), Université Libreville Nord (ULN), Libreville P.O. Box 1177, Gabon
| | - Silas Lendzele Sevidzem
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie des Maladies Transmissibles (LEMAT), Université Libreville Nord (ULN), Libreville P.O. Box 1177, Gabon
| | - Aubin Armel Koumba
- Département de Biologie et Ecologie Animale, Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET-CENAREST), Libreville P.O. Box 13354, Gabon
| | - Christophe Roland Zinga Koumba
- Département de Biologie et Ecologie Animale, Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET-CENAREST), Libreville P.O. Box 13354, Gabon
| | - Phillipe Mbehang
- Département de Biologie et Ecologie Animale, Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET-CENAREST), Libreville P.O. Box 13354, Gabon
| | - Richard Onanga
- Center of Interdisciplinary Medical Analysis of Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville P.O. Box 769, Gabon
| | - Julien Zahouli Bi Zahouli
- Centre d’Entomologie Médicale et Vétérinaire, Université Alassane Ouattara, Bouaké 01 BPV 18, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Gael Darren Maganga
- Center of Interdisciplinary Medical Analysis of Franceville (CIRMF), Franceville P.O. Box 769, Gabon
| | - Luc Salako Djogbénou
- Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Institut Régional de Santé Publique, Ouidah P.O. Box 384, Benin
| | - Steffen Borrmann
- Institute for Tropical Medicine (ITM), University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ayola Akim Adegnika
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), Lambaréné P.O. Box 242, Gabon
| | - Stefanie C. Becker
- Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Jacques François Mavoungou
- Département de Biologie et Ecologie Animale, Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET-CENAREST), Libreville P.O. Box 13354, Gabon
| | - Rodrigue Mintsa Nguéma
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie des Maladies Transmissibles (LEMAT), Université Libreville Nord (ULN), Libreville P.O. Box 1177, Gabon
- Département de Biologie et Ecologie Animale, Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET-CENAREST), Libreville P.O. Box 13354, Gabon
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Soares AP, de Lima Neto DF, Pour SZ, Passos SD, Cunha MDP, Zanotto PMDA. Evaluation of renal markers and liver enzymes in patients infected with the Chikungunya virus. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29276. [PMID: 38100636 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arbovirus (Togaviridae family, Alphavirus genus) that was first identified in 1953 in Tanzania. In 2014, the Asian and East/Central/South/African (ECSA) genotypes were identified in Brazil, although the genotype that spread the most in the following years across the Brazilian territory was the ECSA. The clinical symptoms associated with the infection caused by CHIKV include mainly fever, myalgia, headache, and arthralgia. In infections caused by other arboviruses (such as the ones caused by Dengue and West Nile viruses), changes in biochemical markers are often observed. This study aims to evaluate the biochemical markers profile of kidney and liver injury in acute patients infected with CHIKV. Two groups of correlations were found between the variables analyzed, namely, one between liver enzymes (r = 0.91), and another for kidney markers (r = 0.54-0.66). A significant elevation in the percentage of altered creatinine in CHIKV-infected patients was observed, followed by uric acid and AST. Altogether, in 8 different comparisons, it was possible to observe statistically significant differences between the levels of the markers when compared to the manifestation of symptoms (presence and absence). These noticeable changes in marker measurements could potentially be connected to the range of clinical symptoms seen in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Pereira Soares
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Ferreira de Lima Neto
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Shahab Zaki Pour
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Saulo Duarte Passos
- Department of Pediatrics, Jundiaí School of Medicine, Jundiaí, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marielton Dos Passos Cunha
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paolo Marinho de Andrade Zanotto
- Laboratory of Molecular Evolution and Bioinformatics, Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bikangui R, Boussougou-Sambe ST, Saidou M, Ngossanga B, Doumba Ndalembouly AG, Djida Y, Ayong More, Beh Mba R, Abe H, Ushijima Y, Borrmann S, Lell B, Yasuda J, Adegnika AA. Distribution of Aedes mosquito species along the rural-urban gradient in Lambaréné and its surrounding. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:360. [PMID: 37828572 PMCID: PMC10571480 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05901-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti are known for their potential as vectors of dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses. However, entomological surveys are mostly carried out during epidemics. In Gabon where outbreaks of both viruses have occurred, there is no vector control program targeting these arboviruses. Therefore, we assessed the presence of Aedes species along a rural-urban gradient in Lambaréné (Gabon) and its surroundings and determined ecological factors associated to their presence. METHODS An entomological survey was conducted in Lambaréné and its surrounding rural areas. Mosquitoes were collected with aspirators around human dwellings, and ecological and environmental data were collected from each study area. Morphological identification keys were used to identify Aedes species. RNA was extracted from pools of female mosquitoes and amplified by RT-qPCR to detect the presence of DENV and CHIKV. RESULTS Overall, the most common vector collected was Aedes albopictus (97%, 4236/4367 specimens), followed by Aedes aegypti (3%, 131/4367). Albopictus vectors was more abundant in the rural area (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Z = 627, P = 0.043) than in the urban area. In the urban area, a higher number of mosquitoes (45%) were recorded in the economic zone (zone 3) than in the historical and administrative zones (zone 1 and 2). In the rural area, the proportions of species numbers were significantly higher along the south rural transect (92%) compared to the north rural transect (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Z = 43, P ˂ 0.016). We also noted a high abundance of vectors in environments characterized by monocultures of Hevea brasiliensis (Hevea) and Manihot esculenta (cassava) (Kruskal-Wallis H-test, H = 25.7, df = 2, P < 0.001). Finally, no mosquito pools were positive for either DENV or CHIKV. CONCLUSION Aedes albopictus was the dominant vector across the study sites due to its high invasiveness capacity. This presence re-affirms the potential for local transmission of both DENV and CHIKV, as indicated previously by serological surveys conducted in our study area, even though no transmission was detected during the current study. These findings underscore the need for regular arbovirus surveillance in the study region, with the aim of supporting vector control efforts in the event of outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigue Bikangui
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), BP 242, Lambaréné, Gabon.
- École Doctorale Régionale d'Afrique Centrale de Franceville en Infectiologie Tropicale, Franceville, Gabon.
| | - Stravensky Terence Boussougou-Sambe
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), BP 242, Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institut Für Tropenmedizin, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mahmoudou Saidou
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), BP 242, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Barclaye Ngossanga
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), BP 242, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | | | - Ynous Djida
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), BP 242, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Ayong More
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), BP 242, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Romuald Beh Mba
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), BP 242, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Haruka Abe
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yuri Ushijima
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Steffen Borrmann
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), BP 242, Lambaréné, Gabon
- Institut Für Tropenmedizin, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bertrand Lell
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), BP 242, Lambaréné, Gabon
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine 1, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jiro Yasuda
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- National Research Center for the Control and Prevention of Infectious Diseases (CCPID), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ayola Akim Adegnika
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné (CERMEL), BP 242, Lambaréné, Gabon
- École Doctorale Régionale d'Afrique Centrale de Franceville en Infectiologie Tropicale, Franceville, Gabon
- Institut Für Tropenmedizin, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Fondation Pour La Recherche Scientifique (FORS), BP 045, Cotonou, Benin
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8
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Amaral JK, Bingham CO, Taylor PC, Vilá LM, Weinblatt ME, Schoen RT. Therapy for Chikungunya Arthritis: A Study of 133 Brazilian Patients. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023; 109:542-547. [PMID: 37549898 PMCID: PMC10484246 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya fever is a global vector-borne viral disease. Patients with acute chikungunya are usually treated symptomatically. The arthritic phase may be self-limiting. However, many patients develop extremely disabling arthritis that does not improve after months. The aim of this study was to describe the treatment of chikungunya arthritis (CHIKA) patients. A medical records review was conducted in 133 CHIKA patients seen at a rheumatology practice. Patients were diagnosed by clinical criteria and confirmed by the presence of anti-chikungunya IgM. Patients were treated with methotrexate (20 mg/week) and/or leflunomide (20 mg/day) and dexamethasone (0-4 mg/day) for 4 weeks. At baseline visit and 4 weeks after treatment, Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) and pain (using a visual analog scale) were ascertained. Five months after the end of treatment, patients were contacted to assess pain, tender joint count, and swollen joint count. The mean age of patients was 58.6 ± 13.7 years, and 119 (85%) were female. After 4 weeks of treatment, mean (SD) DAS28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (6.0 [1.2] versus 2.7 [1.0], P < 0.001) and pain (81.8 [19.2] to 13.3 [22.9], P < 0.001) scores significantly decreased. A total of 123 patients were contacted 5 months after the end of treatment. Pain score, tender joint count, and swollen joint count significantly declined after 4 weeks of treatment, and the response was sustained for 5 months. In this group of patients with CHIKA, 4-week treatment induced a rapid clinical improvement that was maintained 5 months after the end of therapy; however, the contribution of treatment to these outcomes is uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clifton O. Bingham
- Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Peter C. Taylor
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Luis M. Vilá
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Michael E. Weinblatt
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Harvard Medical School Clinical, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert T. Schoen
- Section of Rheumatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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9
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Costa DMDN, Gouveia PADC, Silva GEDB, Neves PDMDM, Vajgel G, Cavalcante MAGDM, Oliveira CBLD, Valente LM, Silveira VMD. The relationship between chikungunya virus and the kidneys: A scoping review. Rev Med Virol 2023; 33:e2357. [PMID: 35521644 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Several atypical forms of chikungunya fever (CHIK) have been described, including neurological, cardiac and renal involvement. These forms may be related to high morbidity and mortality rates. This scoping review based on the PubMed, Scopus, and WOS databases aims to identify and summarise all the available evidence regarding the clinical and histopathological presentations and risk factors associated with kidney injury related to CHIK, as well as the clinical impact. Thus, a total of 54 papers were selected from 1606 initial references after applying the defined inclusion criteria. Data on the association between kidney injury and CHIK are scarce, with studies only conducted in the acute phase of the disease, lacking further characterisation. Kidney injury incidence in hospitalised patients using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria varies from 21% to 45%, being higher among patients with atypical and severe manifestations. Although acute kidney injury does not seem to be related to viraemia, it may be related to higher mortality. Few studies have described the renal histopathological changes in the acute phase of CHIK, with prevalent findings of acute interstitial nephritis with mononuclear infiltrate, glomerular congestion and nephrosclerosis. Only one study assessed the kidney function of patients in the subacute and chronic phases of CHIK. Additionally, individuals with comorbidities, including chronic kidney disease, may be among those with a greater risk of presenting worse outcomes when affected by CHIK. The results described herein may contribute to better understand the relationship between the kidneys and chikungunya virus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Precil Diego Miranda de Menezes Neves
- Nephrology Division, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.,Nephrology and Dialysis Center, Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gisele Vajgel
- Nephrology Division, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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10
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Lim JK, Ridde V, Agnandji ST, Lell B, Yaro S, Yang JS, Hoinard D, Weaver SC, Vanhomwegen J, Salje H, Yoon IK. Seroepidemiological Reconstruction of Long-term Chikungunya Virus Circulation in Burkina Faso and Gabon. J Infect Dis 2022; 227:261-267. [PMID: 35710849 PMCID: PMC9833428 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a major public health concern worldwide. However, infection levels are rarely known, especially in Africa. We recruited individuals from Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso and Lambaréné, Gabon (age range, 1-55 years), tested their blood for CHIKV antibodies, and used serocatalytic models to reconstruct epidemiological histories. In Ouagadougou, 291 of 999 (29.1%) individuals were seropositive, ranging from 2% among those aged <10 years to 66% in those aged 40-55 years. We estimated there were 7 outbreaks since the 1970s but none since 2001, resulting in 600 000 infections in the city, none of which were reported. However, we could not definitively conclude whether infections were due to CHIKV or o'nyong-nyong, another alphavirus. In Lambaréné, 117 of 427 (27%) participants were seropositive. Our model identified a single outbreak sometime since 2007, consistent with the only reported CHIKV outbreak in the country. These findings suggest sporadic outbreaks in these settings and that the burden remains undetected or incorrectly attributed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valery Ridde
- Montreal School of Public Health, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Selidji Todagbe Agnandji
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, CampusCentre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon,Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany,German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany,Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Bertrand Lell
- Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, CampusCentre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon,Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Jae Seung Yang
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Scott C Weaver
- World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Henrik Salje
- Correspondence: Henrik Salje, MBioc, MSc, PhD, Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge CB2 3EH ()
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11
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Gomes PD, Carvalho RFSM, Massini MM, Garzon RH, Schiavo PL, Fernandes RCDSC, Louvain de Souza T. High prevalence of arthralgia among infants with Chikungunya disease during the 2019 outbreak in northern region of the state of Rio de Janeiro. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:944818. [PMID: 36340716 PMCID: PMC9627548 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.944818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In a low-income setting with simultaneous presence of Dengue virus, Zika virus, and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in the same region, the difficulty of establishing a clinical diagnosis when the molecular test is not a possibility. Thus, it is important to identify signs and symptoms of Chikungunya that can be used to differentiate it from other arboviruses in children. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study, which was developed in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, with the analysis of pediatric medical records regarding arboviruses. Considering that the population had already been exposed to Dengue and Zika viruses and were experiencing the first notification of the CHIKV. The ethics committee approved this research, and all those legally responsible for the children signed the consent form. RESULTS In total, 159 children were seen of which 98 were suspected CHIKV cases, and 51 had their diagnosis confirmed with reagent IgM/IgG for CHIKV. The symptoms that the pediatric population with CHIKV presented most often were fever (90.2%), arthralgia (76.5%), and exanthema (62.7%) in both suspected and confirmed cases of Chikungunya. Thus, CHIKV in those children presents a clinical profile similar to those found in other studies referring to adults. Additionally, only arthralgia and a high aspartate transaminase were related to the positivity of serology for Chikungunya. CONCLUSIONS This study describes the signs and symptoms of CHIKV exhibited in the pediatric population with a mild and moderate presentation similar to the findings in the adult during an epidemic experienced in a population vulnerable to CHIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Damião Gomes
- Faculdade de Medicina de Campos, Campos dos Goytacazes, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Milena Moulin Massini
- Faculdade de Medicina de Campos, Campos dos Goytacazes, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael Hauaji Garzon
- Faculdade de Medicina de Campos, Campos dos Goytacazes, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Regina Célia de Souza Campos Fernandes
- Faculdade de Medicina de Campos, Campos dos Goytacazes, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Molecular Identification and Diagnosis Unit, Laboratory of Biotechnology, Center for Biosciences and Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thaís Louvain de Souza
- Faculdade de Medicina de Campos, Campos dos Goytacazes, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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12
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Adam A, Jassoy C. Epidemiology and Laboratory Diagnostics of Dengue, Yellow Fever, Zika, and Chikungunya Virus Infections in Africa. Pathogens 2021; 10:1324. [PMID: 34684274 PMCID: PMC8541377 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10101324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbovirus infections are widespread, and their disease burden has increased in the past decade. In Africa, arbovirus infections and fever with unknown etiology are common. Due to the lack of well-established epidemiologic surveillance systems and accurate differential diagnosis in most African countries, little is known about the prevalence of human arbovirus infections in Africa. The aim of this review is to summarize the available epidemiological data and diagnostic laboratory tools of infections with dengue, yellow fever, Zika, and chikungunya viruses, all transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Studies indicate that these arboviral infections are endemic in most of Africa. Surveillance of the incidence and prevalence of the infections would enable medical doctors to improve the diagnostic accuracy in patients with typical symptoms. If possible, arboviral diagnostic tests should be added to the routine healthcare systems. Healthcare providers should be informed about the prevalent arboviral diseases to identify possible cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awadalkareem Adam
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (C.J.); Tel.: +49-341-9714314 (C.J.); Fax: +49-341-9714309 (C.J.)
| | - Christian Jassoy
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 30, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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13
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Djiappi-Tchamen B, Nana-Ndjangwo MS, Mavridis K, Talipouo A, Nchoutpouen E, Makoudjou I, Bamou R, Mayi AMP, Awono-Ambene P, Tchuinkam T, Vontas J, Antonio-Nkondjio C. Analyses of Insecticide Resistance Genes in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus Mosquito Populations from Cameroon. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12060828. [PMID: 34071214 PMCID: PMC8229692 DOI: 10.3390/genes12060828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of insecticide resistance in Aedes mosquitoes could pose major challenges for arboviral-borne disease control. In this paper, insecticide susceptibility level and resistance mechanisms were assessed in Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1894) from urban settings of Cameroon. The F1 progeny of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus collected in Douala, Yaoundé and Dschang from August to December 2020 was tested using WHO tube assays with four insecticides: deltamethrin 0.05%, permethrin 0.75%, DDT 4% and bendiocarb 0.1%. TaqMan, qPCR and RT-qPCR assays were used to detect kdr mutations and the expression profiles of eight detoxification genes. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes from Douala were found to be resistant to DDT, permethrin and deltamethrin. Three kdr mutations, F1534C, V1016G and V1016I were detected in Aedes aegypti populations from Douala and Dschang. The kdr allele F1534C was predominant (90%) in Aedes aegypti and was detected for the first time in Aedes albopictus (2.08%). P450s genes, Cyp9J28 (2.23-7.03 folds), Cyp9M6 (1.49-2.59 folds), Cyp9J32 (1.29-3.75 folds) and GSTD4 (1.34-55.3 folds) were found overexpressed in the Douala and Yaoundé Aedes aegypti populations. The emergence of insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus calls for alternative strategies towards the control and prevention of arboviral vector-borne diseases in Cameroon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borel Djiappi-Tchamen
- Vector Borne Diseases Laboratory of the Applied Biology and Ecology Research Unit (VBID-URBEA), Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 067 Dschang, Cameroon; (R.B.); (A.M.P.M.); (T.T.)
- Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), P.O. Box 288 Yaoundé, Cameroon; (M.S.N.-N.); (A.T.); (E.N.); (I.M.); (P.A.-A.)
- Correspondence: (B.D.-T.); (C.A.-N.)
| | - Mariette Stella Nana-Ndjangwo
- Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), P.O. Box 288 Yaoundé, Cameroon; (M.S.N.-N.); (A.T.); (E.N.); (I.M.); (P.A.-A.)
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 337 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Konstantinos Mavridis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.M.); (J.V.)
| | - Abdou Talipouo
- Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), P.O. Box 288 Yaoundé, Cameroon; (M.S.N.-N.); (A.T.); (E.N.); (I.M.); (P.A.-A.)
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 337 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Elysée Nchoutpouen
- Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), P.O. Box 288 Yaoundé, Cameroon; (M.S.N.-N.); (A.T.); (E.N.); (I.M.); (P.A.-A.)
| | - Idene Makoudjou
- Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), P.O. Box 288 Yaoundé, Cameroon; (M.S.N.-N.); (A.T.); (E.N.); (I.M.); (P.A.-A.)
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 337 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Roland Bamou
- Vector Borne Diseases Laboratory of the Applied Biology and Ecology Research Unit (VBID-URBEA), Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 067 Dschang, Cameroon; (R.B.); (A.M.P.M.); (T.T.)
- Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), P.O. Box 288 Yaoundé, Cameroon; (M.S.N.-N.); (A.T.); (E.N.); (I.M.); (P.A.-A.)
| | - Audrey Marie Paul Mayi
- Vector Borne Diseases Laboratory of the Applied Biology and Ecology Research Unit (VBID-URBEA), Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 067 Dschang, Cameroon; (R.B.); (A.M.P.M.); (T.T.)
| | - Parfait Awono-Ambene
- Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), P.O. Box 288 Yaoundé, Cameroon; (M.S.N.-N.); (A.T.); (E.N.); (I.M.); (P.A.-A.)
| | - Timoléon Tchuinkam
- Vector Borne Diseases Laboratory of the Applied Biology and Ecology Research Unit (VBID-URBEA), Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 067 Dschang, Cameroon; (R.B.); (A.M.P.M.); (T.T.)
| | - John Vontas
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 70013 Heraklion, Greece; (K.M.); (J.V.)
- Pesticide Science Laboratory, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Christophe Antonio-Nkondjio
- Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), P.O. Box 288 Yaoundé, Cameroon; (M.S.N.-N.); (A.T.); (E.N.); (I.M.); (P.A.-A.)
- Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK
- Correspondence: (B.D.-T.); (C.A.-N.)
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14
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Kumar N, Sarma H, Sastry GN. Repurposing of approved drug molecules for viral infectious diseases: a molecular modelling approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 40:8056-8072. [PMID: 33810775 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1905558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The identification of new viral drugs has become a task of paramount significance due to the frequent occurrence of viral infections and especially during the current pandemic. Despite the recent advancements, the development of antiviral drugs has not made parallel progress. Reduction of time frame and cost of the drug development process is the major advantage of drug repurposing. Therefore, in this study, a drug repurposing strategy using molecular modelling techniques, i.e. biological activity prediction, virtual screening, and molecular dynamics simulation was employed to find promising repurposing candidates for viral infectious diseases. The biological activities of non-redundant (4171) drug molecules were predicted using PASS analysis, and 1401 drug molecules were selected which showed antiviral activities in the analysis. These drug molecules were subjected to virtual screening against the selected non-structural viral proteins. A series of filters, i.e. top 10 drug molecules based on binding affinity, mean value of binding affinity, visual inspection of protein-drug complexes, and number of H-bond between protein and drug molecules were used to narrow down the drug molecules. Molecular dynamics simulation analysis was carried out to validate the intrinsic atomic interactions and binding conformations of protein-drug complexes. The binding free energies of drug molecules were assessed by employing MMPBSA analysis. Finally, nine drug molecules were prioritized, as promising repurposing candidates with the potential to inhibit the selected non-structural viral proteins.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandan Kumar
- Centre for Molecular Modelling, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Himakshi Sarma
- Advanced Computation and Data Sciences Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, India
| | - G Narahari Sastry
- Centre for Molecular Modelling, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India.,Advanced Computation and Data Sciences Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology, Jorhat, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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15
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Godaert L, Cofais C, Hequet F, Proye E, Kanagaratnam L, Césaire R, Najioullah F, Dramé M. Adaptation of WHO Definitions of Clinical Forms of Chikungunya Virus Infection for the Elderly. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2021; 104:106-109. [PMID: 33258441 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The WHO defined three clinical forms for chikungunya virus infection (CHIKV, namely, acute, atypical, and severe cases) and a chronic form. These definitions seemed inappropriate for the elderly. So, we propose an adapted definition for elderly people. A cross-sectional analysis was performed including patients aged ≥ 65 years, who attended the emergency department with a positive biological diagnosis of CHIKV in 2014. A total of 267 elderly patients (80 ± 8 years) were included. When using the 2015 WHO definitions, 114 patients could not be classified (42.7%) in any of the category, of whom 43 (37.7%) reported absence of fever, 85 (74.6%) reported absence of joint pain, and 14 (12.3%) reported absence of both fever and joint pain. After adaptation of the WHO definitions, the 114 unclassifiable patients were reclassified as follows: eight as typical cases, 50 as atypical cases, 42 as severe cases, and 14 remained unclassifiable. The atypical clinical form was the most common form. The 2015 WHO definitions of the clinical forms at the acute phase of CHIKV are ill suited to the elderly. The adapted definition we propose here appears to be more appropriate and could help improved management of older patients with CHIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidvine Godaert
- 1Department of Geriatrics, Valenciennes General Hospital, Valenciennes, France
| | - Cécilia Cofais
- 2Department of Geriatrics, University Hospitals of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Fanny Hequet
- 1Department of Geriatrics, Valenciennes General Hospital, Valenciennes, France
| | - Emeline Proye
- 1Department of Geriatrics, Valenciennes General Hospital, Valenciennes, France
| | - Lukshe Kanagaratnam
- 3Department of Research and Public Health, University Hospitals of Reims, Reims, France
| | - Raymond Césaire
- 4Department of Virology, University Hospitals of Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique
| | - Fatiha Najioullah
- 4Department of Virology, University Hospitals of Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique
| | - Moustapha Dramé
- 5Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, University Hospitals of Martinique, Fort-de-France, Martinique
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16
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Buchwald AG, Hayden MH, Dadzie SK, Paull SH, Carlton EJ. Aedes-borne disease outbreaks in West Africa: A call for enhanced surveillance. Acta Trop 2020; 209:105468. [PMID: 32416077 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Arboviruses transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes are a growing global concern; however, there remain large gaps in surveillance of both arboviruses and their vectors in West Africa. We reviewed over 50 years of data including outbreak reports, peer-reviewed literature, and prior data compilations describing Zika, dengue, and chikungunya, and their vectors in West Africa. Large outbreaks of dengue, Zika, and chikungunya have recently occurred in the region with over 27,000 cases of Aedes-borne disease documented since 2007. Recent arboviral outbreaks have become more concentrated in urban areas, and Aedes albopictus, recently documented in the region, has emerged as an important vector in several areas. Seroprevalence surveys suggest reported cases are a gross underestimate of the underlying arboviral disease burden. These findings indicate a shifting epidemiology of arboviral disease in West Africa and highlight a need for increased research and implementation of vector and disease control. Rapid urbanization and climate change may further alter disease patterns, underscoring the need for improved diagnostic capacity, and vector and disease surveillance to address this evolving health challenge.
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17
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Casais PM, Akrami K, Cerqueira-Silva T, Moraes LP, Rigaud VN, Neto ES, Orge CM, Gusmão LC, Cavalcanti LP, Santos LA, Barral-Netto M, Barral AP, Khouri R, Boaventura VS. Oral lesions are frequent in patients with Chikungunya infection. J Travel Med 2020; 27:5809510. [PMID: 32186714 PMCID: PMC7359922 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taaa040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula M Casais
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Laboratório de Enfermidades Transmitidas por Vetores, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Kevan Akrami
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Laboratório de Enfermidades Transmitidas por Vetores, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Thiago Cerqueira-Silva
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Laboratório de Enfermidades Transmitidas por Vetores, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Laise P Moraes
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Laboratório de Enfermidades Transmitidas por Vetores, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Victor N Rigaud
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Emílio S Neto
- Hospital Santa Izabel, Santa Casa de Misericórdia da Bahia, Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Cibele M Orge
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Laboratório de Enfermidades Transmitidas por Vetores, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Lais C Gusmão
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Laboratório de Enfermidades Transmitidas por Vetores, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Luciano P Cavalcanti
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Luciane A Santos
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Laboratório de Enfermidades Transmitidas por Vetores, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Manoel Barral-Netto
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Laboratório de Enfermidades Transmitidas por Vetores, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Investigação em Imunologia (iii-INCT), Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Aldina P Barral
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Laboratório de Enfermidades Transmitidas por Vetores, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Investigação em Imunologia (iii-INCT), Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Khouri
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Laboratório de Enfermidades Transmitidas por Vetores, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Viviane S Boaventura
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-Fiocruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Laboratório de Enfermidades Transmitidas por Vetores, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Universidade Federal da Bahia, Faculdade de Medicina, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Hospital Santa Izabel, Santa Casa de Misericórdia da Bahia, Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
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18
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Lentscher AJ, McCarthy MK, May NA, Davenport BJ, Montgomery SA, Raghunathan K, McAllister N, Silva LA, Morrison TE, Dermody TS. Chikungunya virus replication in skeletal muscle cells is required for disease development. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:1466-1478. [PMID: 31794434 PMCID: PMC7269570 DOI: 10.1172/jci129893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arbovirus capable of causing a severe and often debilitating rheumatic syndrome in humans. CHIKV replicates in a wide variety of cell types in mammals, which has made attributing pathologic outcomes to replication at specific sites difficult. To assess the contribution of CHIKV replication in skeletal muscle cells to pathogenesis, we engineered a CHIKV strain exhibiting restricted replication in these cells via incorporation of target sequences for skeletal muscle cell-specific miR-206. This virus, which we term SKE, displayed diminished replication in skeletal muscle cells in a mouse model of CHIKV disease. Mice infected with SKE developed less severe disease signs, including diminished swelling in the inoculated foot and less necrosis and inflammation in the interosseous muscles. SKE infection was associated with diminished infiltration of T cells into the interosseous muscle as well as decreased production of Il1b, Il6, Ip10, and Tnfa transcripts. Importantly, blockade of the IL-6 receptor led to diminished swelling of a control CHIKV strain capable of replication in skeletal muscle, reducing swelling to levels observed in mice infected with SKE. These data implicate replication in skeletal muscle cells and release of IL-6 as important mediators of CHIKV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Lentscher
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary K. McCarthy
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Nicholas A. May
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Bennett J. Davenport
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Stephanie A. Montgomery
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Krishnan Raghunathan
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nicole McAllister
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laurie A. Silva
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas E. Morrison
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Terence S. Dermody
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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19
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Rahman MM, Been Sayed SJ, Moniruzzaman M, Kabir AKMH, Mallik MU, Hasan MR, Siddique AB, Hossain MA, Uddin N, Hassan MM, Chowdhury FR. Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of an Acute Chikungunya Outbreak in Bangladesh in 2017. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019; 100:405-410. [PMID: 30526743 PMCID: PMC6367608 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
From April to September 2017, Bangladesh experienced a huge outbreak of acute Chikungunya virus infection in Dhaka. This series describes the clinical and laboratory features of a large number of cases (690; 399 confirmed and 291 probable) suffered during that period. This observational study was carried out at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. The median age of the patients at presentation was 38 years (IQR 30–50) with a male (57.3%) predominance. Hypertension and diabetes were the most common comorbidities. The mean (±SD) duration of fever was 3.7 (±1.4) days. Other common manifestations were arthralgia (99.2%), maculopapular rash (50.2%), morning stiffness (49.7%), joint swelling (48.5%), and headache (37.6%). Cases were confirmed by anti-chikungunya IgG (173; 43.3%), IgM (165; 42.3%), and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (44; 11.0%). Important laboratory findings include high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (156; 22.6%), raised serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (73; 10.5%), random blood sugar (54; 7.8%), leukopenia (72; 10.4%), thrombocytopenia (41; 5.9%), and others. The oligo-articular (453; 66.1%) variety of joint involvement was significantly more common compared with the poly-articular (237; 34.5%) variety. Commonly involved joints were the wrist (371; 54.1%), small joints of the hand (321; 46.8%), ankle (251; 36.6%), knee (240; 35.0%), and elbow (228; 33.2%). Eleven cases were found to be complicated with neurological involvement and two of them died. Another patient died due to myocarditis. Public health experts, clinicians, and policymakers could use the results of this study to construct the future strategy tackling chikungunya in Bangladesh and other epidemic countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Md Uzzwal Mallik
- Director General of Health Services, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rockyb Hasan
- Department of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Arman Hossain
- Department of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nazim Uddin
- Department of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mehedi Hassan
- Department of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fazle Rabbi Chowdhury
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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20
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Sir-Ondo-Enguier PN, Ngoungou EB, Nghomo YN, Boundenga L, Moupiga-Ndong P, Ibinga E, Deparis X, Lékana-Douki JB. Syndromic surveillance of potentially epidemic infectious diseases: Detection of a measles epidemic in two health centers in Gabon, Central Africa. Infect Dis Rep 2019; 11:7701. [PMID: 31205640 PMCID: PMC6547028 DOI: 10.4081/idr.2019.7701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Measles is a respiratory disease caused by the measles virus (MV) belonging to the Paramyxovirus family and the Morbillivirus genus. Due to a failure in maintaining immunization coverage in some countries, measles is a re-emerging disease in the human population, especially in Africa. The aim of this study was to describe a measles epidemic in Gabon. At first, a syndromic surveillance was set up. Blood samples from febrile patients with maculopapular rash were taken and sent to the measles reference center in Cameroon for laboratory confirmation. Between March and May 2016, 79 clinically suspected cases were reported including 82.3% (n=65) and 17.7% (n=14) in Oyem and Libreville, respectively. In total, 39.2% (n=31) of children were 11 months-old, 34.2% (n=27) were children aged 1 to 4 years, 11.4% (n=9) were older children from 5 to 9 years, 6.3% (n=5) of children were aged 10 to 15 years and 8.9% (n=7) were 15 years and older. 53.3% (16/30) were laboratory confirmed. This measles outbreak reiterates the importance of maintaining a high level of vaccine coverage in Gabon for vaccine-preventable diseases, as well as the usefulness of a near-real-time surveillance system for the detection of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pater Noster Sir-Ondo-Enguier
- UMR 912 Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé et Traitement de I'Information Médicale, Université d'Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France.,Unité, Evolution, Épidémiologie et Résistances Parasitaires, Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville - CIRMF, Franceville, Gabon
| | - Edgard Brice Ngoungou
- Département d'Epidémiologie Biostatistiques et Informatique Médicale (DEBIM), Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon
| | | | - Larson Boundenga
- Unité, Evolution, Épidémiologie et Résistances Parasitaires, Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville - CIRMF, Franceville, Gabon
| | | | - Euloge Ibinga
- Département d'Epidémiologie Biostatistiques et Informatique Médicale (DEBIM), Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Xavier Deparis
- UMR 912 Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé et Traitement de I'Information Médicale, Université d'Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Bernard Lékana-Douki
- Unité, Evolution, Épidémiologie et Résistances Parasitaires, Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville - CIRMF, Franceville, Gabon.,Département de Parasitologie-Mycologie et de Médecine Tropicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon
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21
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Origins, pathophysiology, diagnosis, vaccination and prevention of Chikungunya virus. CURRENT ISSUES IN PHARMACY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/cipms-2019-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Chikungunya virus is an Alphavirus that possesses characteristics similar to that of an arthropod-borne virus. Chikungunya virus has been one of the major concerns for the last few decades due to its nature of explosive spreading throughout the world. This article is intended to give detailed information about Chikungunya virus, and includes its pathogenesis, origins, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Although, recent researches suggests various approaches to treating Chikungunya virus, extensive literature search on Chikungunya virus has revealed that, currently, there is no effective treatment available and the virus is greatly dependent on its vectors. Patients affected by Chikungunya virus mainly show symptoms of fever, arthralgia, joint pain and skin rash. Since there is no effective treatment available, public awareness is the most significant factor for potential prevention against Chikungunya virus.
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22
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Chikungunya in Infants and Children: Is Pathogenesis Increasing? Viruses 2019; 11:v11030294. [PMID: 30909568 PMCID: PMC6466311 DOI: 10.3390/v11030294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) was first extensively described in children during outbreaks in India and South Asia during the mid-1960s. Prior to the 2005 emergence of CHIKV on Reunion Island, CHIKV infection was usually described as a dengue-like illness with arthralgia in Africa and febrile hemorrhagic disease in Asia. Soon after the 2005 emergence, severe CNS consequences from vertical and perinatal transmission were described and as CHIKV continued to emerge in new areas over the next 10 years, severe manifestation of infection and sequelae were increasingly reported in infants and neonates. The following review describes the global reemergence and the syndromes of Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) in infants and children. The various manifestations of CHIKF are described and connected to the viral lineage that was documented in the area at the time the disease was described. The data show that certain manifestations of CHIKF occur with specific viral lineages and genetic motifs, which suggests that severe manifestations of CHIKF in the very young may be associated with the emergence of new viral lineages.
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23
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Bustos Carrillo F, Collado D, Sanchez N, Ojeda S, Lopez Mercado B, Burger-Calderon R, Gresh L, Gordon A, Balmaseda A, Kuan G, Harris E. Epidemiological Evidence for Lineage-Specific Differences in the Risk of Inapparent Chikungunya Virus Infection. J Virol 2019; 93:e01622-18. [PMID: 30463967 PMCID: PMC6364014 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01622-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In late 2013, chikungunya virus (CHIKV) was introduced into the Americas, leading to widespread epidemics. A large epidemic caused by the Asian chikungunya virus (CHIKV) lineage occurred in Managua, Nicaragua, in 2015. Literature reviews commonly state that the proportion of inapparent CHIKV infections ranges from 3 to 28%. This study estimates the ratio of symptomatic to asymptomatic CHIKV infections and identifies risk factors of infection. In October to November 2015, 60 symptomatic CHIKV-infected children were enrolled as index cases and prospectively monitored, alongside 236 household contacts, in an index cluster study. Samples were collected upon enrollment and on day 14 or 35 and tested by real-time reverse transcription-PCR (rRT-PCR), IgM capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (IgM-ELISAs), and inhibition ELISAs to detect pre- and postenrollment CHIKV infections. Of 236 household contacts, 55 (23%) had experienced previous or very recent infections, 41 (17%) had active infections at enrollment, and 21 (9%) experienced incident infections. Vehicle ownership (multivariable-adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 1.58) increased the risk of CHIKV infection, whereas ≥4 municipal trash collections/week (aRR, 0.38) and having externally piped water (aRR, 0.52) protected against CHIKV infection. Among 63 active and incident infections, 31 (49% [95% confidence interval {CI}, 36%, 62%]) were asymptomatic, yielding a ratio of symptomatic to asymptomatic infections of 1:0.97 (95% CI, 1:0.56, 1:1.60). Although our estimate is outside the 3% to 28% range reported previously, Bayesian and simulation analyses, informed by a systematic literature search, suggested that the proportion of inapparent CHIKV infections is lineage dependent and that more inapparent infections are associated with the Asian lineage than the East/Central/South African (ECSA) lineage. Overall, these data substantially improve knowledge regarding chikungunya epidemics.IMPORTANCE Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an understudied threat to human health. During the 2015 chikungunya epidemic in Managua, Nicaragua, we estimated the ratio of symptomatic to asymptomatic CHIKV infections, which is important for understanding transmission dynamics and the public health impact of CHIKV. This index cluster study identified and monitored persons at risk of infection, enabling capture of asymptomatic infections. We estimated that 31 (49%) of 63 at-risk participants had asymptomatic CHIKV infections, which is significantly outside the 3% to 28% range reported in literature reviews. However, recent seroprevalence studies, including two large pediatric cohort studies in the same setting, had also found percentages of inapparent infections outside the 3% to 28% range. Bayesian and simulation analyses, informed by a systematic literature search, revealed that the percentage of inapparent infections in epidemic settings varies by CHIKV phylogenetic lineage. Our study quantifies and provides the first epidemiological evidence that chikungunya epidemic characteristics are strongly influenced by CHIKV lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Bustos Carrillo
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | | | - Nery Sanchez
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Sergio Ojeda
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
| | | | - Raquel Burger-Calderon
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Lionel Gresh
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Aubree Gordon
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Angel Balmaseda
- Laboratorio Nacional de Virología, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Guillermina Kuan
- Centro de Salud Sócrates Flores Vivas, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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24
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Mascarenhas M, Garasia S, Berthiaume P, Corrin T, Greig J, Ng V, Young I, Waddell L. A scoping review of published literature on chikungunya virus. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207554. [PMID: 30496207 PMCID: PMC6264817 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has caused several major epidemics globally over the last two decades and is quickly expanding into new areas. Although this mosquito-borne disease is self-limiting and is not associated with high mortality, it can lead to severe, chronic and disabling arthritis, thereby posing a heavy burden to healthcare systems. The two main vectors for CHIKV are Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Asian tiger mosquito); however, many other mosquito species have been described as competent CHIKV vectors in scientific literature. With climate change, globalization and unfettered urban planning affecting many areas, CHIKV poses a significant public health risk to many countries. A scoping review was conducted to collate and categorize all pertinent information gleaned from published scientific literature on a priori defined aspects of CHIKV and its competent vectors. After developing a sensitive and specific search algorithm for the research question, seven databases were searched and data was extracted from 1920 relevant articles. Results show that CHIKV research is reported predominantly in areas after major epidemics have occurred. There has been an upsurge in CHIKV publications since 2011, especially after first reports of CHIKV emergence in the Americas. A list of hosts and vectors that could potentially be involved in the sylvatic and urban transmission cycles of CHIKV has been compiled in this scoping review. In addition, a repository of CHIKV mutations associated with evolutionary fitness and adaptation has been created by compiling and characterizing these genetic variants as reported in scientific literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Mascarenhas
- National Microbiology Laboratory at Guelph, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sophiya Garasia
- National Microbiology Laboratory at Guelph, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philippe Berthiaume
- National Microbiology Laboratory at St. Hyacinthe, Public Health Agency of Canada, St. Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tricia Corrin
- National Microbiology Laboratory at Guelph, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Judy Greig
- National Microbiology Laboratory at Guelph, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victoria Ng
- National Microbiology Laboratory at Guelph, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ian Young
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa Waddell
- National Microbiology Laboratory at Guelph, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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25
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Chikungunya virus infection prevalence in Africa: a contemporaneous systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health 2018; 166:79-88. [PMID: 30468973 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The (re)emergence of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) in Africa requires better knowledge on the epidemiology of CHIKV infection in the continent for efficient public health strategies. We aimed to describe the epidemiology of CHIKV infection in Africa, a neglected tropical disease (NTD). STUDY DESIGN This was a systematic review with meta-analysis of studies reporting CHIKV infection prevalence. We searched Embase, PubMed, Africa Journal Online and Global Index Medicus to identify observational studies published from January 2000 to September 2017. METHODS We used a random-effect model to pool the prevalence of CHIKV infections reported with their 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed via the Chi-squared test on Cochran's Q statistic. Review registration is in PROSPERO CRD42017080395. RESULTS A total of 39 studies (37,881 participants; 18 countries) were included. No study was reported from Southern Africa. Thirty-two (82.0%), seven (18.0%) and no studies had low, moderate and high risk of bias, respectively. Outside outbreak periods, the pooled immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) seroprevalence was 9.7% (95% CI 3.0-19.6; 16 studies) and 16.4% (95% CI 9.1-25.2; 23 studies), respectively. The IgM seroprevalence was lower in Northern Africa, and there was no difference for IgG prevalence across regions in Africa. The IgM and IgG seroprevalences were not different between acute and non-acute febrile participants. The seroprevalence was not associated with GPS coordinates (latitude, longitude and altitude). CONCLUSIONS Although considered a NTD, we find high prevalence of CHIKV infection in Africa. As such, chikungunya fever should deserve more attention from healthcare providers, researchers, policymakers and stakeholders from many sectors.
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26
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Cerny T, Schwarz M, Schwarz U, Lemant J, Gérardin P, Keller E. The Range of Neurological Complications in Chikungunya Fever. Neurocrit Care 2018; 27:447-457. [PMID: 28741102 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-017-0413-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chikungunya fever is a globally spreading mosquito-borne disease that shows an unexpected neurovirulence. Even though the neurological complications have been a major cause of intensive care unit admission and death, to date, there is no systematic analysis of their spectrum available. OBJECTIVE To review evidence of neurological manifestations in Chikungunya fever and map their epidemiology, clinical spectrum, pathomechanisms, diagnostics, therapies and outcomes. METHODS Case report and systematic review of the literature followed established guidelines. All cases found were assessed using a 5-step clinical diagnostic algorithm assigning categories A-C, category A representing the highest level of quality. Only A and B cases were considered for further analysis. After general analysis, cases were clustered according to geospatial criteria for subgroup analysis. RESULTS Thirty-six of 1196 studies were included, yielding 130 cases. Nine were ranked as category A (diagnosis of Neuro-Chikungunya probable), 55 as B (plausible), and 51 as C (disputable). In 15 cases, alternative diagnoses were more likely. Patient age distribution was bimodal with a mean of 49 years and a second peak in infants. Fifty percent of the cases occurred in patients <45 years with no reported comorbidity. Frequent diagnoses were encephalitis, optic neuropathy, neuroretinitis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Neurologic conditions showing characteristics of a direct viral pathomechanism showed a peak in infants and a second one in elder patients, and complications and neurologic sequelae were more frequent in these groups. Autoimmune-mediated conditions appeared mainly in patients over 20 years and tended to show longer latencies and better outcomes. Geospatial subgrouping of case reports from either India or Réunion revealed diverging phenotypic trends (Réunion: 88% direct viral vs. India: 81% autoimmune). CONCLUSIONS Direct viral forms of Neuro-Chikungunya seem to occur particularly in infants and elderly patients, while autoimmune forms have to be also considered in middle-aged, previously healthy patients, especially after an asymptomatic interval. This knowledge will help to identify future Neuro-Chikungunya cases and to improve outcome especially in autoimmune-mediated conditions. The genetics of Chikungunya virus might play a key role in determining the course of neuropathogenesis. With further research, this could prove diagnostically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Cerny
- Neurointensive Care Unit, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Schwarz
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - U Schwarz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Lemant
- Intensive Care Unit, CHU de la Réunion, Saint Pierre, Réunion, France
| | - P Gérardin
- INSERM CIC 1410, CHU de la Réunion, Saint Pierre, Réunion, France.,CNRS 9192, INSERM U1187, IRD 249, CHU Réunion, Unité Mixte 134 Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), CYROI, Université de La Réunion, Sainte-Clotilde, Réunion, France
| | - E Keller
- Neurointensive Care Unit, University Hospital Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Makiala-Mandanda S, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Abbate JL, Pukuta-Simbu E, Nsio-Mbeta J, Berthet N, Leroy EM, Becquart P, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ. Identification of Dengue and Chikungunya Cases Among Suspected Cases of Yellow Fever in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2018; 18:364-370. [PMID: 29768102 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2017.2176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
For more than 95% of acute febrile jaundice cases identified through surveillance for yellow fever, a reemerging arthropod-borne viral disease, no etiological exploration is ever done. The aim of this study was to test for other arthropod-borne viruses that can induce the same symptoms in patients enrolled in the yellow fever surveillance in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Of 652 patients included in the surveillance of yellow fever in DRC from January 2003 to January 2012, 453 patients that tested negative for yellow fever virus (YFV) immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies were selected for the study. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed for the detection of dengue, West Nile, Chikungunya, O'nyong-nyong, Rift Valley fever, Zika, and YFV. The average age of patients was 22.1 years. We reported 16 cases (3.5%; confidence interval [CI]: 0.8-5.2) of dengue (serotypes 1 and 2) and 2 cases (0.4%; CI: 0.0-1.0) of Chikungunya. Three patients were co-infected with the two serotypes of dengue virus. Three cases of dengue were found in early July 2010 from the city of Titule (Oriental province) during a laboratory-confirmed outbreak of yellow fever, suggesting simultaneous circulation of dengue and yellow fever viruses. This study showed that dengue and Chikungunya viruses are potential causes of acute febrile jaundice in the DRC and highlights the need to consider dengue and Chikungunya diagnosis in the integrated disease surveillance and response program in the DRC. A prospective study is necessary to establish the epidemiology of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Makiala-Mandanda
- 1 Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF) , Franceville, Gabon .,2 Département de Microbiologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa (CUK) , Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - Steve Ahuka-Mundeke
- 2 Département de Microbiologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa (CUK) , Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo.,3 Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB) , Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - Jessica L Abbate
- 4 Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) , Montpellier, France .,5 UMR UMMISCO (UMI 209 IRD-UPMC) , Bondy, France
| | - Elisabeth Pukuta-Simbu
- 3 Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB) , Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - Justus Nsio-Mbeta
- 6 Direction de Lutte Contre la Maladie (DLM) , Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - Nicolas Berthet
- 1 Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF) , Franceville, Gabon .,7 Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR3569 , Paris, France .,8 Unité Environnement et Risques Infectieux, Institut Pasteur, Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence , Paris, France
| | - Eric Maurice Leroy
- 1 Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF) , Franceville, Gabon .,4 Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) , Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Becquart
- 4 Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) , Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum
- 2 Département de Microbiologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa (CUK) , Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo.,3 Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB) , Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo
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Advances in Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Chikungunya Virus Infection. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40506-018-0172-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Danis-Lozano R, Díaz-González EE, Trujillo-Murillo KDC, Caballero-Sosa S, Sepúlveda-Delgado J, Malo-García IR, Canseco-Ávila LM, Salgado-Corsantes LM, Domínguez-Arrevillaga S, Torres-Zapata R, Gómez-Cruz O, Fernández-Salas I. Clinical characterization of acute and convalescent illness of confirmed chikungunya cases from Chiapas, S. Mexico: A cross sectional study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186923. [PMID: 29065182 PMCID: PMC5655440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The emerging chikungunya virus (CHIKV), is an arbovirus causing intense outbreaks in North America. The situation in Mexico is alarming, and CHIKV threatens to spread further throughout North America. Clinical and biological features of CHIKF outbreaks in Mexico have not been well described; thus, we conducted a cross sectional study of a CHIKV outbreak in Chiapas, Southern Mexico to further characterize these features. Methodology/Principal findings We collected blood samples from patients suspected of having chikungunya fever (CHIKF) who presented to Clinical Hospital ISSSTE Dr. Roberto Nettel in Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico. In addition to the clinical examination, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) standardized for the Asian Chikungunya lineage and/or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulin M (IgM) were used to confirm CHIKV diagnosis. Of a total of 850 patients who presented with probably CHIKV at Hospital “Dr. Roberto Nettel”, 112 probable CHIKF cases were enrolled in this study from November 2014- June 2015, of which 95 patients (84.8%) were CHIKV positive and 17 were negative (15.2%). Of these 95 CHIKV positive patients, 62 were positive by real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (+qRT-PCR); and 33 were seropositive to +IgM with a negative qRT-PCR. The most frequent symptoms reported were fever (100%), headache (82.3%), polyarthralgia (72.1%), and exanthem (82.3%). Biological abnormalities observed during CHIKV infection were lymphopenia (41.1%), leukopenia (51.6%), elevated transaminases (30.5%-46.3%) and high LDH (46.3%) and CRP (60.0%). Conclusion Clinical and biological data obtained from this study is providing more useful information for benchmarking purposes with outbreaks from different parts of the world and would be helpful for better patient care and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogelio Danis-Lozano
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Esteban Eduardo Díaz-González
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Karina del Carmen Trujillo-Murillo
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad “Ciudad Salud”, Secretaría de Salud, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Sandra Caballero-Sosa
- Clínica Hospital “Dr. Roberto Nettel”, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Jesús Sepúlveda-Delgado
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad “Ciudad Salud”, Secretaría de Salud, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Iliana Rosalía Malo-García
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Luis Miguel Canseco-Ávila
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad “Ciudad Salud”, Secretaría de Salud, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Luis Manuel Salgado-Corsantes
- Clínica Hospital “Dr. Roberto Nettel”, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Sergio Domínguez-Arrevillaga
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad “Ciudad Salud”, Secretaría de Salud, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Raúl Torres-Zapata
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
| | - Omar Gómez-Cruz
- Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad “Ciudad Salud”, Secretaría de Salud, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
| | - Ildefonso Fernández-Salas
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
- * E-mail:
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Garay-Morán C, Román-Pedroza JF, López-Martínez I, Rodríguez-Martínez JC, Ruiz-Matus C, Kuri-Morales P, Díaz-Quiñonez JA. [Clinical and epidemiological characterization of chikungunya fever in Mexico]. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2017; 41:e58. [PMID: 28902271 PMCID: PMC6612716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
On 6 December 2013, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) reported confirmation of the first two cases of indigenous transmission of chikungunya fever (CHIK) in the Region of the Americas on the island of Sint Maarten (Netherlands Antilles). For the period 2013-2014, a total of 25 627 confirmed autochthonous cases were distributed in 43 countries, with Mexico reporting 155 cases in five states. Information on cases of CHIK in Mexico was obtained from the database of the General Directorate of Epidemiology (Ministry of Health of Mexico). The distribution of confirmed autochthonous cases of CHIK for 2015, by sex, was 64% female (5 583) and 36% male (3 085). The most frequent symptoms were fever in 98% of cases (8 564), followed by headache in 91.6% (7 941), myalgia in 89.9% (7 792), mild arthralgias in 73.5% (6 367), severe polyarthralgia in 72.6% (6 295), and exanthema in 58% (5 032). The clinical presentation of autochthonous cases of CHIK in Mexico has shown several clinical manifestations different from those seen in outbreaks in African and Asian countries and other regions in the Americas; for example, a greater percentage of cases with headache and myalgia and a smaller percentage of cases with arthralgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Garay-Morán
- Dirección General de EpidemiologíaDirección General de EpidemiologíaMéxico D.F.MéxicoDirección General de Epidemiología, México D.F., México
| | - Juan Francisco Román-Pedroza
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos“Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez”México D.F.MéxicoInstituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos “Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez”, México D.F., México.
| | - Irma López-Martínez
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos“Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez”México D.F.MéxicoInstituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos “Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez”, México D.F., México.
| | - José Cruz Rodríguez-Martínez
- Dirección General de EpidemiologíaDirección General de EpidemiologíaMéxico D.F.MéxicoDirección General de Epidemiología, México D.F., México
| | - Cuitláhuac Ruiz-Matus
- Dirección General de EpidemiologíaDirección General de EpidemiologíaMéxico D.F.MéxicoDirección General de Epidemiología, México D.F., México
| | - Pablo Kuri-Morales
- Subsecretaría de Prevención y Promoción de la SaludSubsecretaría de Prevención y Promoción de la SaludMéxico D.FMéxicoSubsecretaría de Prevención y Promoción de la Salud, México D.F., México
| | - José Alberto Díaz-Quiñonez
- Dirección General de EpidemiologíaDirección General de EpidemiologíaMéxico D.F.MéxicoDirección General de Epidemiología, México D.F., México
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Díaz-Quiñonez JA, Garay-Morán C, Román-Pedroza JF, López-Martínez I, Rodríguez-Martínez JC, Ruiz-Matus C, Kuri-Morales P. Caracterización clínica y epidemiológica de fiebre chikungunya en México. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2017. [PMID: 28902271 PMCID: PMC6612716 DOI: 10.26633/rpsp.2017.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
El 6 de diciembre de 2013, la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) y la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) notificaron la confirmación de los dos primeros casos de transmisión autóctona en la Región de las Américas de fiebre chikungunya (CHIK) en la isla de Saint Martin (Antillas Neerlandesas). Para el período 2013-2014, el total de casos confirmados fue de 25 627 distribuidos en 43 países, donde México reportó 155 casos en cinco estados. La información de los casos de CHIK en México se obtuvo de la base de datos de la Dirección General de Epidemiología, dependiente de la Secretaría de Salud de México. La distribución por sexo de los casos autóctonos confirmados de CHIK para el año 2015 indica 64% para el sexo femenino (5 583) y 36% para el sexo masculino (3 085). Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron: fiebre en 98% de los casos (8 564), seguido por cefalea con 91,6% (7 941), mialgias en 89,9% (7 792), artralgias leves en 73,5% (6 367), poliartralgias graves en 72,6% (6 295) y exantema en 58% (5 032). La presentación clínica de los casos autóctonos de CHIK en México ha mostrado algunas características clínicas diferentes de las que se han observado en los brotes de los países africanos, asiáticos y otras regiones de América, como por ejemplo un mayor porcentaje de casos con cefalea y mialgias y un menor porcentaje de casos con artralgias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Irma López-Martínez
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos “Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez”, México D.F., México
| | | | | | - Pablo Kuri-Morales
- Subsecretaría de Prevención y Promoción de la Salud, México D.F., México
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Wahid B, Ali A, Rafique S, Idrees M. Global expansion of chikungunya virus: mapping the 64-year history. Int J Infect Dis 2017; 58:69-76. [PMID: 28288924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted alphavirus that is emerging as a global threat because of the highly debilitating nature of the associated disease and unprecedented magnitude of its spread. Chikungunya originated in Africa and has since spread across the entire globe causing large numbers of epidemics that have infected millions of people in Asia, the Indian subcontinent, Europe, the Americas, and Pacific Islands. Phylogenetic analysis has identified four different genotypes of CHIKV: Asian, West African, East/Central/South African (ECSA), and Indian Ocean Lineage (IOL). In the absence of well-designed epidemiological studies, the aim of this review article was to summarize the global epidemiology of CHIKV and to provide baseline data for future research on the treatment, prevention, and control of this life-threatening disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braira Wahid
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, 87 West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Amjad Ali
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, 87 West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Shazia Rafique
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, 87 West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Idrees
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, 87 West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan; Vice Chancellor Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.
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Severe Chikungunya infection in Northern Mozambique: a case report. BMC Res Notes 2017; 10:88. [PMID: 28179029 PMCID: PMC5299683 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-017-2417-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although Chikungunya virus has rapidly expanded to several countries in sub-Saharan Africa, little attention has been paid to its control and management. Until recently, Chikungunya has been regarded as a benign and self-limiting disease. In this report we describe the first case of severe Chikungunya disease in an adult patient in Pemba, Mozambique. Case presentation A previously healthy 40 year old male of Makonde ethnicity with no known past medical history and resident in Pemba for the past 11 years presented with a severe febrile illness. Despite administration of broad spectrum intravenous antibiotics the patient rapidly deteriorated and became comatose while developing anaemia, thrombocytopenia and later, melaena. Laboratory testing revealed IgM antibodies against Chikungunya virus. Malaria tests were consistently negative. Conclusions This report suggests that Chikungunya might cause unsuspected severe disease in febrile patients in Mozambique and provides insights for the improvement of national protocols for management of febrile patients in Mozambique. We recommend that clinicians should consider Chikungunya in the differential diagnosis of febrile illness in locations where Aedes aegypti mosquitos are abundant.
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Ngoi CN, Price MA, Fields B, Bonventure J, Ochieng C, Mwashigadi G, Hassan AS, Thiong’o AN, Micheni M, Mugo P, Graham S, Sanders EJ. Dengue and Chikungunya Virus Infections among Young Febrile Adults Evaluated for Acute HIV-1 Infection in Coastal Kenya. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167508. [PMID: 27942016 PMCID: PMC5152832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fever is common among patients seeking care in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA), but causes other than malaria are rarely diagnosed. We assessed dengue and chikungunya virus infections among young febrile adults evaluated for acute HIV infection (AHI) and malaria in coastal Kenya. Methods We tested plasma samples obtained in a cross-sectional study from febrile adult patients aged 18–35 years evaluated for AHI and malaria at urgent care seeking at seven health facilities in coastal Kenya in 2014–2015. Dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) were amplified using quantitative real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. We conducted logistic regression analyses to determine independent predictors of dengue virus infection. Results 489 samples that were negative for both AHI and malaria were tested, of which 43 (8.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.4–11.7) were positive for DENV infection. No participant was positive for CHIKV infection. DENV infections were associated with clinic visits in the rainy season (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.3–6.5) and evaluation at a private health facility (AOR 5.2, 95% CI: 2.0–13.1) or research health facility (AOR = 25.6, 95% CI: 8.9–73.2) instead of a public health facility. Conclusion A high prevalence of DENV infections was found in febrile young adult patients evaluated for AHI. Our data suggests that DENV, along with AHI and malaria, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of the adult patient seeking care for fever in coastal Kenya.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyne N. Ngoi
- Centre for Geographic Medicine Research – Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Kilifi, Kenya
- * E-mail:
| | - Matt A. Price
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, United States of America
| | - Barry Fields
- Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Juma Bonventure
- Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Grace Mwashigadi
- Centre for Geographic Medicine Research – Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Amin S. Hassan
- Centre for Geographic Medicine Research – Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Alexander N. Thiong’o
- Centre for Geographic Medicine Research – Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Murugi Micheni
- Centre for Geographic Medicine Research – Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Peter Mugo
- Centre for Geographic Medicine Research – Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Susan Graham
- Centre for Geographic Medicine Research – Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Kilifi, Kenya
- Departments of Medicine, Global Health, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, United States of America
| | - Eduard J. Sanders
- Centre for Geographic Medicine Research – Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Kilifi, Kenya
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Headington, United Kingdom
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Kuan G, Ramirez S, Gresh L, Ojeda S, Melendez M, Sanchez N, Collado D, Garcia N, Mercado JC, Gordon A, Balmaseda A, Harris E. Seroprevalence of Anti-Chikungunya Virus Antibodies in Children and Adults in Managua, Nicaragua, After the First Chikungunya Epidemic, 2014-2015. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004773. [PMID: 27322692 PMCID: PMC4913910 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya is a viral disease transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes. In late 2013, chikungunya virus (CHIKV) was introduced into the Caribbean island of St. Martin. Since then, approximately 2 million chikungunya cases have been reported by the Pan American Health Organization, and most countries in the Americas report autochthonous transmission of CHIKV. In Nicaragua, the first imported case was described in July 2014 and the first autochthonous case in September 2014. Here, we conducted two studies to analyze the seroprevalence of anti-CHIKV antibodies after the first chikungunya epidemic in a community-based cohort study (ages 2-14 years) and in a cross-sectional survey of persons aged ≥15 years in the same area of Managua, Nicaragua. Routine annual serum samples collected from 3,362 cohort participants in March/April 2014 and 2015, and 848 age-stratified samples collected from persons ≥15 years old at the end of May-beginning of June 2015 were used to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-CHIKV antibodies after the first epidemic (October 2014 to February 2015 in the study population). Using an Inhibition ELISA assay that measures total anti-CHIKV antibodies, the seroprevalence was significantly higher in those aged ≥15 (13.1% (95%CI: 10.9, 15.5)) than in the pediatric population (6.1% (95%CI: 5.3, 6.9)). The proportion of inapparent infections was 58.3% (95%CI: 51.5, 65.1) in children and 64.9% (95%CI: 55.2, 73.7) in the ≥15 study population. We identified age, water availability, household size, and socioeconomic status as factors associated with the presence of anti-CHIKV antibodies. Overall, this is the first report of CHIKV seropositivity in continental Latin America and provides useful information for public health authorities in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermina Kuan
- Centro de Salud Sócrates Flores Vivas, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Stephania Ramirez
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States of America
| | - Lionel Gresh
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Sergio Ojeda
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
| | | | - Nery Sanchez
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Damaris Collado
- National Virology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Nadezna Garcia
- National Virology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Juan Carlos Mercado
- National Virology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Aubree Gordon
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States of America
| | - Angel Balmaseda
- National Virology Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Sam IC, Kümmerer BM, Chan YF, Roques P, Drosten C, AbuBakar S. Updates on chikungunya epidemiology, clinical disease, and diagnostics. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2016; 15:223-30. [PMID: 25897809 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2014.1680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an Aedes-borne alphavirus, historically found in Africa and Asia, where it caused sporadic outbreaks. In 2004, CHIKV reemerged in East Africa and spread globally to cause epidemics, including, for the first time, autochthonous transmission in Europe, the Middle East, and Oceania. The epidemic strains were of the East/Central/South African genotype. Strains of the Asian genotype of CHIKV continued to cause outbreaks in Asia and spread to Oceania and, in 2013, to the Americas. Acute disease, mainly comprising fever, rash, and arthralgia, was previously regarded as self-limiting; however, there is growing evidence of severe but rare manifestations, such as neurological disease. Furthermore, CHIKV appears to cause a significant burden of long-term morbidity due to persistent arthralgia. Diagnostic assays have advanced greatly in recent years, although there remains a need for simple, accurate, and affordable tests for the developing countries where CHIKV is most prevalent. This review focuses on recent important work on the epidemiology, clinical disease and diagnostics of CHIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ching Sam
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Infectious Chikungunya Virus in the Saliva of Mice, Monkeys and Humans. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139481. [PMID: 26447467 PMCID: PMC4598147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a reemerging, ordinarily mosquito-transmitted, alphavirus that occasionally produces hemorrhagic manifestations, such as nose bleed and bleeding gums, in human patients. Interferon response factor 3 and 7 deficient (IRF3/7-/-) mice, which are deficient for interferon α/β responses, reliably develop hemorrhagic manifestations after CHIKV infection. Here we show that infectious virus was present in the oral cavity of CHIKV infected IRF3/7-/- mice, likely due to hemorrhagic lesions in the olfactory epithelium that allow egress of infected blood into the nasal, and subsequently, oral cavities. In addition, IRF3/7-/- mice were more susceptible to infection with CHIKV via intranasal and oral routes, with IRF3/7-/- mice also able to transmit virus mouse-to-mouse without an arthropod vector. Cynomolgus macaques often show bleeding gums after CHIKV infection, and analysis of saliva from several infected monkeys also revealed the presence of viral RNA and infectious virus. Furthermore, saliva samples collected from several acute CHIKV patients with hemorrhagic manifestations were found to contain viral RNA and infectious virus. Oral fluids can therefore be infectious during acute CHIKV infections, likely due to hemorrhagic manifestations in the oral/nasal cavities.
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Velasco JM, Valderama MT, Lopez MN, Chua D, Latog R, Roque V, Corpuz J, Klungthong C, Rodpradit P, Hussem K, Poolpanichupatam Y, Macareo L, Fernandez S, Yoon IK. Chikungunya Virus Infections Among Patients with Dengue-Like Illness at a Tertiary Care Hospital in the Philippines, 2012-2013. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015; 93:1318-24. [PMID: 26416109 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) often co-circulates with dengue virus (DENV). A cross-sectional surveillance study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Manila, Philippines, to describe the prevalence and characteristics of DENV and CHIKV infections among patients seeking care for dengue-like illness. Acute blood samples from patients ≥ 6 months of age clinically diagnosed with dengue from November 2012 to December 2013 underwent reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect DENV and CHIKV RNA. A total of 118 patients with clinically diagnosed dengue (age range = 1-89 years, mean = 22 years; male-to-female ratio = 1.51) were tested by DENV RT-PCR; 40 (34%) were DENV PCR-positive (age range = 1-45 years, mean = 17 years). All DENV serotypes were detected: 11 (28%) DENV-1, 6 (15%) DENV-2, 6 (15%) DENV-3, and 17 (42%) DENV-4. Of 112 patients clinically diagnosed with dengue and tested by CHIKV RT-PCR, 11 (10%) were CHIKV PCR-positive (age range = 2-47 years, mean = 20.3 years). No coinfections were detected. Presenting signs/symptoms did not differ between DENV- and CHIKV-positive cases. Sequencing of envelope 1 gene from two CHIKV PCR-positive samples showed Asian genotype. This study highlights the potential for misdiagnosis of medically attended CHIKV infections as DENV infection and the difficulty in clinically differentiating dengue and chikungunya based on presenting signs/symptoms alone. This underscores the necessity for diagnostic laboratory tests to distinguish CHIKV infections in the background of actively co-circulating DENV.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Mark Velasco
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Service School, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Research and Training, Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Epidemiology Bureau, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines
| | - Maria Theresa Valderama
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Service School, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Research and Training, Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Epidemiology Bureau, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines
| | - Maria Nila Lopez
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Service School, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Research and Training, Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Epidemiology Bureau, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines
| | - Domingo Chua
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Service School, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Research and Training, Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Epidemiology Bureau, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines
| | - Rene Latog
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Service School, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Research and Training, Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Epidemiology Bureau, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines
| | - Vito Roque
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Service School, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Research and Training, Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Epidemiology Bureau, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines
| | - June Corpuz
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Service School, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Research and Training, Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Epidemiology Bureau, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines
| | - Chonticha Klungthong
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Service School, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Research and Training, Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Epidemiology Bureau, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines
| | - Prinyada Rodpradit
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Service School, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Research and Training, Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Epidemiology Bureau, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines
| | - Kittinun Hussem
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Service School, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Research and Training, Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Epidemiology Bureau, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines
| | - Yongyuth Poolpanichupatam
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Service School, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Research and Training, Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Epidemiology Bureau, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines
| | - Louis Macareo
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Service School, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Research and Training, Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Epidemiology Bureau, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines
| | - Stefan Fernandez
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Service School, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Research and Training, Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Epidemiology Bureau, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines
| | - In-Kyu Yoon
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Service School, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Research and Training, Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines; Epidemiology Bureau, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines
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Goeijenbier M, Aron G, Anfasa F, Lundkvist Å, Verner-Carlsson J, Reusken CBEM, Martina BEE, van Gorp ECM, Resida L. Emerging Viruses in the Republic of Suriname: Retrospective and Prospective Study into Chikungunya Circulation and Suspicion of Human Hantavirus Infections, 2008-2012 and 2014. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2015; 15:611-8. [PMID: 26393384 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2015.1798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suriname is a country on the northeastern Atlantic coast of South America. It is unique in the sense that different ethnic cultures live together within the country, resulting in high levels of transport of both humans and products between the Asian, African, and European continents as well as the Caribbean. Travel is only one of the many factors present in Suriname contributing to the risk for the emergence or introduction of any infectious disease. Recently, circulation of both chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and hantavirus was reported in areas neighboring Suriname. Here we report a retrospective and prospective study into chikungunya and hantavirus circulation. METHODS A chikungunya and hantavirus retrospective serological study was conducted on samples submitted for dengue, leptospirosis, and/or influenza virus diagnostics between 2008 and 2012 to the Bureau of Public Health in Suriname. This was followed by a prospective CHIKV serological and molecular surveillance study until the detection of the first autochthonous CHIKV cases in Suriname in May and June of 2014. RESULTS None of the tested samples showed the presence of CHIKV antibodies in the retrospective serological study. Prospective testing of CHIKV-suspected patients resulted in the detection of the first autochthonous CHIKV cases in Suriname in May, 2015. In one sample, we were able to isolate and sequence the virus. Retrospective testing for the presence of hantavirus antibodies showed a relative high response in both pan-hantavirus enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence assay (IFA). However, neutralization tests did not yield any evidence for infection with either Seoul or Andes hantavirus. CONCLUSION Here we report the presence of CHIKV in the republic of Suriname and the first serological indication of hantavirus infections in symptomatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgina Aron
- 1 Erasmus MC , Viroscience department, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fatih Anfasa
- 1 Erasmus MC , Viroscience department, Rotterdam, The Netherlands .,2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia , Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Åke Lundkvist
- 3 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonoses Science Centre, Uppsala University , Sweden .,4 Public Health Agency of Sweden , Solna, Sweden
| | - Jenny Verner-Carlsson
- 3 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Zoonoses Science Centre, Uppsala University , Sweden .,4 Public Health Agency of Sweden , Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Byron E E Martina
- 1 Erasmus MC , Viroscience department, Rotterdam, The Netherlands .,5 ARTEMIS One Health Research Institute , Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Lesley Resida
- 6 Bureau of Public Health (BOG) , Paramaribo, Suriname
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Development of novel antibodies against non-structural proteins nsP1, nsP3 and nsP4 of chikungunya virus: potential use in basic research. Arch Virol 2015; 160:2749-61. [PMID: 26280524 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-015-2564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has reemerged recently as an important pathogen, causing several large epidemics worldwide. This necessitates the development of better reagents to understand its biology and to establish effective and safe control measures. The present study describes the development and characterization of polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) against synthetic peptides of CHIKV non-structural proteins (nsPs; nsP1, nsP3 and nsP4). The reactivity of these pAbs was demonstrated by ELISA and Western blot. Additionally, in vitro infection studies in a mammalian system confirmed that these pAbs are highly sensitive and specific for CHIKV nsPs, as these proteins were detected very early during viral replication. Homology analysis of the selected epitope sequences revealed that they are conserved among all of the CHIKV strains of different genotypes, while comparison with other alphavirus sequences showed that none of them are 100% identical to the epitope sequences (except Onyong-nyong and Igbo Ora viruses, which show 100% identity to the nsP4 epitope). Interestingly, two different forms of CHIKV nsP1 and three different forms of nsP3 were detected in Western blot analysis during infection; however, further experimental investigations are required to confirm their identity. Also, the use of these antibodies demonstrated faster and enhanced expression profiles of all CHIKV nsPs in 2006 Indian outbreak strains when compared to the CHIKV prototype strain, suggesting the epidemic potential of the 2006 isolate. Accordingly, it can be suggested that the pAbs reported in this study can be used as sensitive and specific tools for experimental investigations of CHIKV replication and infection.
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Chikungunya Virus Infection and Acute Elevation of Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen. Case Rep Urol 2015; 2015:120535. [PMID: 26167328 PMCID: PMC4488081 DOI: 10.1155/2015/120535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A man with prostate cancer on a regime of active surveillance had a laboratory-confirmed acute Chikungunya virus infection. The patient experienced a sudden increase in serum Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) during the acute illness that caused him anxiety and confounded interpretation of the PSA test. Six weeks after the onset of Chikungunya Fever symptoms, the elevated serum PSA returned to baseline. The association of Chikungunya Fever and elevated serum PSA may result in misinterpretation of the PSA test, triggering unnecessary prostate biopsy or other management errors.
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Thio CLP, Yusof R, Ashrafzadeh A, Bahari S, Abdul-Rahman PS, Karsani SA. Differential Analysis of the Secretome of WRL68 Cells Infected with the Chikungunya Virus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129033. [PMID: 26083627 PMCID: PMC4470940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arthropod borne virus. In the last 50 years, it has been the cause of numerous outbreaks in tropical and temperate regions, worldwide. There is limited understanding regarding the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in CHIKV replication and how the virus interacts with its host. In the present study, comparative proteomics was used to identify secreted host proteins that changed in abundance in response to early CHIKV infection. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to analyse and compare the secretome profiles of WRL-68 cells infected with CHIKV against mock control WRL-68 cells. The analysis identified 25 regulated proteins in CHIKV infected cells. STRING network analysis was then used to predict biological processes that may be affected by these proteins. The processes predicted to be affected include signal transduction, cellular component and extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, regulation of cytokine stimulus and immune response. These results provide an initial view of CHIKV may affect the secretome of infected cells during early infection. The results presented here will compliment earlier results from the study of late host response. However, functional characterization will be necessary to further enhance our understanding of the roles played by these proteins in the early stages of CHIKV infection in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Li-Ping Thio
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Drug Design and Development Research Group (DDDRG), University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rohana Yusof
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Drug Design and Development Research Group (DDDRG), University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ali Ashrafzadeh
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Syareena Bahari
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Puteri Shafinaz Abdul-Rahman
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research (UMCPR), Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Saiful Anuar Karsani
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research (UMCPR), Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Drug Design and Development Research Group (DDDRG), University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
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Petitdemange C, Wauquier N, Vieillard V. Control of immunopathology during chikungunya virus infection. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 135:846-855. [PMID: 25843597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
After several decades of epidemiologic silence, chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has recently re-emerged, causing explosive outbreaks and reaching the 5 continents. Transmitted through the bite of Aedes species mosquitoes, CHIKV is responsible for an acute febrile illness accompanied by several characteristic symptoms, including cutaneous rash, myalgia, and arthralgia, with the latter sometimes persisting for months or years. Although CHIKV has previously been known as a relatively benign disease, more recent epidemic events have brought waves of increased morbidity and fatality, leading it to become a serious public health problem. The host's immune response plays a crucial role in controlling the infection, but it might also contribute to the promotion of viral spread and immunopathology. This review focuses on the immune responses to CHIKV in human subjects with an emphasis on early antiviral immune responses. We assess recent developments in the understanding of their possible Janus-faced effects in the control of viral infection and pathogenesis. Although preventive vaccination and specific therapies are yet to be developed, exploring this interesting model of virus-host interactions might have a strong effect on the design of novel therapeutic options to minimize immunopathology without impairing beneficial host defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia Wauquier
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, University of Paris 06, CR7, CIMI-Paris, Paris, France; Metabiota, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Vincent Vieillard
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, University of Paris 06, CR7, CIMI-Paris, Paris, France; INSERM, U1135, CIMI-Paris, Paris, France; CNRS, ERL 8255, CIMI-Paris, Paris, France.
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Abstract
Although Chikungunya infection is emerging as an important public health problem in many countries, it is not regarded as a life-threatening disease. Information dealing with fatal cases is scarce. We herein describe three patients with Chickungunya infection who presented with multiple organ failure and died within 24h of admission. Two cases had positive anti-dengue IgM, but dengue coinfection was rejected based on the clinical features and results of real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. These cases illustrate the challenges of the diagnosis and management of severe Chikungunya infection.
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Yoon IK, Alera MT, Lago CB, Tac-An IA, Villa D, Fernandez S, Thaisomboonsuk B, Klungthong C, Levy JW, Velasco JM, Roque VG, Salje H, Macareo LR, Hermann LL, Nisalak A, Srikiatkhachorn A. High rate of subclinical chikungunya virus infection and association of neutralizing antibody with protection in a prospective cohort in the Philippines. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015; 9:e0003764. [PMID: 25951202 PMCID: PMC4423927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a globally re-emerging arbovirus for which previous studies have indicated the majority of infections result in symptomatic febrile illness. We sought to characterize the proportion of subclinical and symptomatic CHIKV infections in a prospective cohort study in a country with known CHIKV circulation. Methods/Findings A prospective longitudinal cohort of subjects ≥6 months old underwent community-based active surveillance for acute febrile illness in Cebu City, Philippines from 2012-13. Subjects with fever history were clinically evaluated at acute, 2, 5, and 8 day visits, and at a 3-week convalescent visit. Blood was collected at the acute and 3-week convalescent visits. Symptomatic CHIKV infections were identified by positive CHIKV PCR in acute blood samples and/or CHIKV IgM/IgG ELISA seroconversion in paired acute/convalescent samples. Enrollment and 12-month blood samples underwent plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) using CHIKV attenuated strain 181/clone25. Subclinical CHIKV infections were identified by ≥8-fold rise from a baseline enrollment PRNT titer <10 without symptomatic infection detected during the intervening surveillance period. Selected CHIKV PCR-positive samples underwent viral isolation and envelope protein-1 gene sequencing. Of 853 subjects who completed all study procedures at 12 months, 19 symptomatic infections (2.19 per 100 person-years) and 87 subclinical infections (10.03 per 100 person-years) occurred. The ratio of subclinical-to-symptomatic infections was 4.6:1 varying with age from 2:1 in 6 month-5 year olds to 12:1 in those >50 years old. Baseline CHIKV PRNT titer ≥10 was associated with 100% (95%CI: 46.1, 100.0) protection from symptomatic CHIKV infection. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated Asian genotype closely related to strains from Asia and the Caribbean. Conclusions Subclinical infections accounted for a majority of total CHIKV infections. A positive baseline CHIKV PRNT titer was associated with protection from symptomatic CHIKV infection. These findings have implications for assessing disease burden, understanding virus transmission, and supporting vaccine development. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a re-emerging mosquito-borne pathogen for which the majority of infections have been considered to result in febrile illness. We sought to characterize the proportion of subclinical and symptomatic CHIKV infections in a prospective cohort of subjects ≥6 months old who underwent active surveillance for acute febrile illness from 2012–13 in Cebu City, Philippines. Symptomatic CHIKV infections were detected by PCR and/or ELISA in acute/convalescent blood samples. Subclinical infections were identified by neutralizing antibody seroconversion between enrollment and 12-month visits without symptomatic infection. Among 853 subjects who completed all study activities at 12 months, 19 symptomatic and 87 subclinical infections occurred (2.19 and 10.03 per 100 person-years, respectively). A positive baseline CHIKV PRNT titer was associated with 100% (95%CI: 46.1, 100.0) protection from symptomatic infection. Phylogenetic analysis showed Asian genotype closely related to strains from the recent Caribbean epidemic. These findings can help to assess disease burden, understand virus transmission, and support vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Kyu Yoon
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | | | - Daisy Villa
- Cebu City Health Department, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Stefan Fernandez
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Butsaya Thaisomboonsuk
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chonticha Klungthong
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jens W. Levy
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Vito G. Roque
- National Epidemiology Center, Department of Health, Manila, Philippines
| | - Henrik Salje
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Louis R. Macareo
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Laura L. Hermann
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ananda Nisalak
- Department of Virology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anon Srikiatkhachorn
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Moyen N, Thiberville SD, Pastorino B, Nougairede A, Thirion L, Mombouli JV, Dimi Y, Leparc-Goffart I, Capobianchi MR, Lepfoundzou AD, de Lamballerie X. First reported chikungunya fever outbreak in the republic of Congo, 2011. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115938. [PMID: 25541718 PMCID: PMC4277398 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chikungunya is an Aedes -borne disease characterised by febrile arthralgia and responsible for massive outbreaks. We present a prospective clinical cohort study and a retrospective serological study relating to a CHIK outbreak, in the Republic of Congo in 2011. Methodology and Findings We analysed 317 suspected cases, of which 308 (97.2%) lived in the city of Brazzaville (66.6% in the South area). Amongst them, 37 (11.7%) were CHIKV+ve patients (i.e., biologically confirmed by a real-time RT-PCR assay), of whom 36 (97.3%) had fever, 22 (66.7%) myalgia and 32 (86.5%) arthralgia. All tested negative for dengue. The distribution of incident cases within Brazzaville districts was compared with CHIKV seroprevalence before the outbreak (34.4% in 517 blood donors), providing evidence for previous circulation of CHIKV. We applied a CHIK clinical score to 126 patients recruited within the two first day of illness (including 28 CHIKV+ves (22.2%)) with sensitivity (78.6%) and specificity (72.4%) values comparing with those of the referent study in Reunion Island. The negative predictive value was high (92%), but the positive predictive value (45%) indicate poor potential contribution to medical practice to identify CHIKV+ve patients in low prevalence outbreaks. However, the score allowed a slightly more accurate follow-up of the evolution of the outbreak than the criterion "fever+arthralgia". The complete sequencing of a Congolase isolate (Brazza_MRS1) demonstrated belonging to the East/Central/South African lineage and was further used for producing a robust genome-scale CHIKV phylogenetic analysis. Conclusions/Significance We describe the first Chikungunya outbreak declared in the Republic of Congo. The seroprevalence study conducted amongst blood donors before outbreak provided evidence for previous CHIKV circulation. We suggest that a more systematic survey of the entomological situation and of arbovirus circulation is necessary in Central Africa for better understanding the environmental, microbiological and sociological determinants of emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanikaly Moyen
- Aix Marseille University, IRD French Institute of Research for Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, EPV UMR_D 190 "Emergence des Pathologies Virales" 13005, Marseille, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Simon-Djamel Thiberville
- Aix Marseille University, IRD French Institute of Research for Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, EPV UMR_D 190 "Emergence des Pathologies Virales" 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Boris Pastorino
- Aix Marseille University, IRD French Institute of Research for Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, EPV UMR_D 190 "Emergence des Pathologies Virales" 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Antoine Nougairede
- Aix Marseille University, IRD French Institute of Research for Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, EPV UMR_D 190 "Emergence des Pathologies Virales" 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Laurence Thirion
- Aix Marseille University, IRD French Institute of Research for Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, EPV UMR_D 190 "Emergence des Pathologies Virales" 13005, Marseille, France
| | | | - Yannick Dimi
- Centre National de Transfusion Sanguine, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
| | - Isabelle Leparc-Goffart
- French National Reference Centre for Arboviruses, IRBA Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute, 13013, Marseille, France
| | - Maria Rosaria Capobianchi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani", Via Portuense 292, 00149, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Xavier de Lamballerie
- Aix Marseille University, IRD French Institute of Research for Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, EPV UMR_D 190 "Emergence des Pathologies Virales" 13005, Marseille, France
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Rougeron V, Sam IC, Caron M, Nkoghe D, Leroy E, Roques P. Chikungunya, a paradigm of neglected tropical disease that emerged to be a new health global risk. J Clin Virol 2014; 64:144-52. [PMID: 25453326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus of the Togaviridae family that causes chronic and incapacitating arthralgia in human populations. Since its discovery in 1952, CHIKV was responsible for sporadic and infrequent outbreaks. However, since 2005, global Chikungunya outbreaks have occurred, inducing some fatalities and associated with severe and chronic morbidity. Chikungunya is thus considered as an important re-emerging public health problem in both tropical and temperate countries, where the distribution of the Aedes mosquito vectors continues to expand. This review highlights the most recent advances in our knowledge and understanding of the epidemiology, biology, treatment and vaccination strategies of CHIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Rougeron
- Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon; Unité Mixte de Recherche Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (IRD 224 - CNRS 5290 - UM1-UM2), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - I-Ching Sam
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mélanie Caron
- Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon
| | - Dieudonné Nkoghe
- Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon
| | - Eric Leroy
- Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon; Unité Mixte de Recherche Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (IRD 224 - CNRS 5290 - UM1-UM2), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Roques
- CEA, Institute of Emerging Diseases and Innovative Therapies, Division of Immuno-Virology, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Université Paris-Sud 11, UMR E1, Orsay, France.
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Jadav SS, Sinha BN, Hilgenfeld R, Pastorino B, de Lamballerie X, Jayaprakash V. Thiazolidone derivatives as inhibitors of chikungunya virus. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 89:172-8. [PMID: 25462237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of arylalkylidene derivatives of 1,3-thiazolidin-4-one (1-20) were synthesized and tested for their antiviral activity against chikungunya virus (LR2006_OPY1) in Vero cell culture by CPE reduction assay. Five compounds (7-9, 16 and 19) were identified to have anti-ChikV activity at lower micro molar concentration. The compounds 7, 8, 9, 16 and 19 inhibited the virus at 0.42, 4.2, 3.6, 40.1 and 6.8 μM concentrations respectively. Molecular docking simulation has been carried out using the available X-ray crystal structure of the ChikV nsp2 protease, in order to elucidate the possible mechanism of action. Interaction of ligands with ChikV nsp2 protease (PDB Code: 3TRK) suggested the possible mechanism of protease inhibition to act as potent anti-ChikV agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surender Singh Jadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Barij Nayan Sinha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Rolf Hilgenfeld
- Institute of Biochemistry, Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Lübeck, Germany
| | - Boris Pastorino
- UMR_D 190 "Emergence des Pathologies Virales", Aix-Marseille University, IRD French Institute of Research for Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, Marseille, France
| | - Xavier de Lamballerie
- UMR_D 190 "Emergence des Pathologies Virales", Aix-Marseille University, IRD French Institute of Research for Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, Marseille, France.
| | - Venkatesan Jayaprakash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India.
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50
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Chikungunya virus and West Nile virus infections imported into Belgium, 2007–2012. Epidemiol Infect 2014; 143:2227-36. [DOI: 10.1017/s0950268814000685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYArboviral infections are emerging among tourists travelling to (sub)tropical regions. This study aims to describe the importation of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and West Nile virus (WNV) into Belgium over a 6-year period from 2007 to 2012. Clinical samples were obtained from travellers presenting at the outpatient clinic of the Institute of Tropical Medicine (ITM), Antwerp, Belgium or submitted to the Central Laboratory for Clinical Biology of the ITM. Testing was performed by serology and/or by real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction. A total of 1288 returning travellers were investigated for CHIKV infection resulting in 34 confirmed and two probable diagnoses (2·80%). Out of 899 patients, four confirmed and one probable imported WNV infections were diagnosed (0·55%). No locally acquired cases have been registered in Belgium until now and the geographical origin of the imported infections reflects the global locations where the viruses are circulating.
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